| transcriptional response of rhodococcus aetherivorans i24 to polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated sediments. | we used a microarray targeting 3,524 genes to assess the transcriptional response of the actinomycete rhodococcus aetherivorans i24 in minimal medium supplemented with various substrates (e.g., pcbs) and in both pcb-contaminated and non-contaminated sediment slurries. relative to the reference condition (minimal medium supplemented with glucose), 408 genes were upregulated in the various treatments. in medium and in sediment, pcbs elicited the upregulation of a common set of 100 genes, including ... | 2010 | 20369357 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in hiv-infected individuals: case reports and review of the literature. | rhodococcus equi is a gram-positive, coryneform bacterium that causes zoonotic infection mainly in horses and foals. it sometimes affects humans presenting as cavitary pneumonia. immunocompromised patients, including hiv-infected patients, are more susceptible to r. equi infection. we present 10 cases of r. equi infection in hiv-positive patients admitted to our institute from 1991 to june 2008. moreover, we have reviewed 272 cases of r. equi infection in hiv-infected persons, published from 198 ... | 2010 | 20377432 |
| culture-dependent and culture-independent diversity of actinobacteria associated with the marine sponge hymeniacidon perleve from the south china sea. | in this report, the diversity of actinobacteria associated with the marine sponge hymeniacidon perleve collected from a remote island of the south china sea was investigated employing classical cultivation and characterization, 16s rdna library construction, 16s rdna-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rdna-rflp) and phylogenetic analysis. a total of 184 strains were isolated using seven different media and 24 isolates were selected according to their morphological characteristics for phyl ... | 2010 | 20383659 |
| isothermal titration calorimetry - a new method for the quantification of microbial degradation of trace pollutants. | the environmental fate and, in particular, biodegradation rates of hydrophobic organic compounds (hoc) are of high interest due to the ubiquity, persistence, and potential health effects of these compounds. hoc tend to interact with bioreactor materials and sampling devices and are frequently volatile, so that conventionally derived degradation parameters are often biased. we report on the development and validation of a novel calorimetric approach that serves to gain real time information on th ... | 2010 | 20385177 |
| investigation of an apparent outbreak of rhodococcus equi bacteremia. | during january to april 2007, hospital staff reported 3 patients with rhodococcus equi bloodstream infections. isolates were analyzed at the centers for disease control and prevention, atlanta, ga, to confirm identification and to assess strain relatedness; 2 were r. equi but genetically distinct, and 1 was identified as gordonia polyisoprenivorans. rapid reference laboratory support prevented an unnecessary outbreak investigation. | 2010 | 20385352 |
| [effect of multi-generation culture on virulence of lecanicilliurn lecanii in different media]. | the strain no. v3.4504 of lecanicilliurn lecanii (zimmermann), an entomopathogenic fungus, was studied on the effect of successive multi-generation culture in seven different media on its colony growth characteristics, extracellular enzyme activities and the virulence against scale insects. | 2010 | 20387464 |
| [cloning and molecular organization of the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene (phac) of ralstonia eutropha strain b5786]. | class i polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (pha) synthase gene (phac) of ralstonia eutropha strain b5786 was cloned and characterized. r. eutropha b5786 features the ability to synthesize multicomponent phas with short- and medium-chain-length monomers from simple carbohydrate substrate. a correlation was made between the molecular structure of pha synthase and substrate specificity and the ability of strain-producers to accumulate phas of this or that structure. a strong similarity of pha synthase of r. ... | 2010 | 20391757 |
| the effect of structure and a secondary carbon source on the microbial degradation of chlorophenoxy acids. | pseudomonas putida, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas fluorescens, sphingomonas herbicidovorans and rhodococcus rhodochrous growing on glucose in a medium containing one of three chlorophenoxy acids at a concentration of 0.1 g l(-1) (clofibric acid, (r)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propionic acid (mecoprop or mcpp) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (mcpa)) degraded these compounds to varying degrees; from nonmeasurable to almost complete removal. these results with the addit ... | 2010 | 20392474 |
| novel biosynthesis of (r)-ethyl-3-hydroxyglutarate with (r)-enantioselective hydrolysis of racemic ethyl 4-cyano-3-hydroxybutyate by rhodococcus erythropolis. | (r)-ethyl-3-hydroxyglutarate with highly optical purity (> or = 99%) can be used as a novel precursor for synthesis of chiral side chain of rosuvastatin. in this study, a novel synthesis route of (r)-ethyl-3-hydroxyglutarate by whole microorganism cells from racemic ethyl 4-cyano-3-hydroxybutyate was created. a strain zjb-0910 capable of transforming racemic beta-hydroxy aliphatic nitrile was isolated by employing a screening method based on a colorimetric reaction of co(2+) ion with ammonia, an ... | 2010 | 20393698 |
| biofilm formation in environmental bacteria is influenced by different macromolecules depending on genus and species. | the formation of biofilms by diverse bacteria isolated from contaminated soil and groundwater on model substrata with different surface properties was assessed in a multifactorial screen. diverse attachment phenotypes were observed as measured by crystal violet dye retention and confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm). bulk measurements of cell hydrophobicity had little predictive ability in determining whether biofilms would develop on hydrophobic or hydrophilic substrata. therefore selected ... | 2010 | 20406292 |
| high-cell-density batch fermentation of rhodococcus opacus pd630 using a high glucose concentration for triacylglycerol production. | biodiesel, monoalkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids with short-chain alcohols derived from triacylglycerols (tags), can be produced from renewable biomass sources. recently, there has been interest in producing microbial oils from oleaginous microorganisms. rhodococcus opacus pd630 is known to accumulate large amounts of tags. following on these earlier works we demonstrate that r. opacus pd630 has the uncommon capacity to grow in defined media supplemented with glucose at a concentration of 3 ... | 2010 | 20412824 |
| genomic structure and promoter analysis of the dsz operon for dibenzothiophene biodesulfurization from gordonia alkanivorans ripi90a. | the bacterium gordonia alkanivorans ripi90a has been previously reported as dibenzothiophene-desulfurizing strain. the present study provides a complete investigation of the dsz operon including dsz promoter analysis from desulfurization competent strain belonging to the genus gordonia. pcr was used to amplify the dszabc genes and adaptor ligation-based pcr-walking strategy used to isolate the dsz promoter. unlike the dsz operon of rhodococcus erythropolis, the operon of ripi90a was located on c ... | 2010 | 20414649 |
| rhodococcus equi infection. | rhodococcus equi is a veterinary pathogen that can cause substantial morbidity in patients that are immunocompromised and are occupationally and recreationally exposed to farming, livestock, and dry soil environments. although the clinical spectrum of disease associated with r equi is broad, pulmonary involvement is a predominant feature in most cases. we present a case of occupationally acquired r equi pneumonia and mediastinal lymphadenitis in a patient that has had a renal transplant and is i ... | 2010 | 20417417 |
| improved expression of recombinant cytochrome p450 monooxygenase in escherichia coli for asymmetric oxidation of sulfides. | escherichia coli bl21 as production strain for the production of cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (p450smo) from rhodococcus sp. in high yields was developed. the expression was first optimized with a series of flask experiments testing several key parameters for their influence on the expression level and enzyme activity. the optimal process parameters found in the flask experiments were verified in a cultivation process in a 5-l bioreactor. glycerol proved to be superior over glucose as carbon so ... | 2010 | 20424864 |
| rhodococcus equi isolation from sputum of patients with suspected tuberculosis. | rhodococcus equi has emerged as an opportunistic pathogen associated with pulmonary, invasive or systemic infections in immunocompromised patients. we report the identification of 51 r. equi isolates found in sputum samples of 546 individuals suspected to have pulmonary tuberculosis in two public health hospital units in brazil. the epidemiology of r. equi infection as well as the phenotypic identification and drug susceptibility profile of isolates are described in this paper. | 2010 | 20428681 |
| structural analysis of thermostabilizing mutations of cocaine esterase. | cocaine is considered to be the most addictive of all substances of abuse and mediates its effects by inhibiting monoamine transporters, primarily the dopamine transporters. there are currently no small molecules that can be used to combat its toxic and addictive properties, in part because of the difficulty of developing compounds that inhibit cocaine binding without having intrinsic effects on dopamine transport. most of the effective cocaine inhibitors also display addictive properties. we ha ... | 2010 | 20436035 |
| characterization of the role of the pathogenicity island and vapg in the virulence of the intracellular actinomycete pathogen rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular pathogen of macrophages, causes severe, life-threatening pneumonia in young foals and in people with underlying immune deficiencies. r. equi virulence is dependent on the presence of a large virulence plasmid that houses a pathogenicity island (pai) encoding a novel family of surface-localized and secreted proteins of largely unknown function termed the virulence-associated proteins (vapacdefghi). to date, vapa and its positive regulators virr and or ... | 2010 | 20439471 |
| plasmid profiles and prevalence of intermediately virulent rhodococcus equi from pigs in nakhonpathom province, thailand: identification of a new variant of the 70-kb virulence plasmid, type 18. | the prevalence of intermediately virulent rhodococcus equi isolates from pig submaxillary lymph nodes from four slaughterhouses in nakhonpathom province, thailand, was investigated. the isolates were tested for the presence of virulence plasmids and the 20-kda virulence-associated protein antigen (vapb) gene by pcr. of the 734 submaxillary lymph nodes tested, 19 (2.6%) produced positive cultures of r. equi. all 19 isolates were positive for the vapb gene and contained virulence plasmids that wer ... | 2010 | 20445784 |
| a flavin-dependent monooxygenase from mycobacterium tuberculosis involved in cholesterol catabolism. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) and rhodococcus jostii rha1 have similar cholesterol catabolic pathways. this pathway contributes to the pathogenicity of mtb. the hsaab cholesterol catabolic genes have been predicted to encode the oxygenase and reductase, respectively, of a flavin-dependent mono-oxygenase that hydroxylates 3-hydroxy-9,10-seconandrost-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione (3-hsa) to a catechol. an hsaa deletion mutant of rha1 did not grow on cholesterol but transformed the latter to 3-hsa ... | 2010 | 20448045 |
| [rhodococcus equi pneumonia among patients with aids clinical features and treatment]. | to summarize the characteristics of clinical manifestation, chest radiology and microbiology of rhodococcus equi pneumonia among patients with aids. | 2010 | 20450780 |
| [peculiarities of surface-active trehalose mycolates synthesis of rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1]. | it has been established that activity of trehalosephosphate synthase (key enzyme of trehalosemycolates synthesis) under cultivation of rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 on the medium with n-hexadecane was 10 times higher, and amount of synthesized surface-active substances 4 times higher as compared to the growing of ek-1 strain on ethanol. introduction of 0.2% of fumarate and 0.1% of citrate to the cultivation medium of r. erythropolis ek-1 with 2% of n-hexadecane, as well as 0.2% of fumarate to th ... | 2010 | 20455436 |
| enzymes responsible for metabolism of nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-lysine in microorganisms. | the present paper reviews the enzymes catalyzing conversion of nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-lysine (nα-z-l-lysine) to nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-aminoadipic acid (nα-z-l-aaa) in fungal and bacterial strains. aspergillus niger aku 3302 and rhodococcus sp. aiu z-35-1 converted nα-z-l-lysine to nα-z-l-aaa via nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-aminoadipate-δ-semialdehyde (nα-z-l-aasa). however, different enzyme combinations were involved in the nα-z-l-lysine metabolism of both strains. a. niger strain converted nα-z-l-l ... | 2010 | 20460177 |
| bacteria that masquerade as fungi: actinomycosis/nocardia. | the order actinomycetales includes phylogenetically diverse but morphologically similar aerobic and anaerobic bacteria that exhibit filamentous branching structures which fragment into bacillary or coccoid forms. the aerobic actinomyces are a large, diverse group of gram-positive bacteria including nocardia, gordona, tsukamurella, streptomyces, rhodococcus, streptomycetes, mycobacteria, and corynebacteria. the anaerobic genera of medical importance include actinomyces, arachnia, rothia, and bifi ... | 2010 | 20463251 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with fludarabine-treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia and cd4-lymphopenia. | cavitary pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi may occur in patients with defective cell-mediated immunity. prolonged cd4 lymphopenia may develop in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who receive fludarabine. the authors report the first case of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who developed r equi pneumonia after fludarabine therapy. | 2010 | 20463575 |
| differentiation of glycosphingolipid-derived glycan structural isomers by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. | isolation and characterization of glycosphingolipids is of importance in many aspects of glycobiology, but is difficult to achieve due to the high degree of heterogeneity and isomerism present in these compounds. in this study, oligosaccharides obtained from non-acid glycosphingolipids by enzymatic digestion with endoglycoceramidase ii of rhodococcus sp. were analyzed by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using graphitized carbon columns. resolution of isomeric oligo ... | 2010 | 20466655 |
| lawsonia intracellularis and virulent rhodococcus equi infection in a thoroughbred colt. | a 26-month-old thoroughbred colt with a 4-month history of continuous diarrhoea and weight loss was subject to necropsy examination. the small intestinal mucosa was thickened and this change particularly affected the terminal ileum. microscopical examination revealed multifocal epithelial hyperplasia, with multifocal granulomas and marked lymphocytic infiltration of the lamina propria. numerous gram-negative argyrophilic curved bacilli were observed within the cytoplasm of affected enterocytes. ... | 2010 | 20471028 |
| degradation of natural estrogen and identification of the metabolites produced by soil isolates of rhodococcus sp. and sphingomonas sp. | five bacterial strains capable of utilizing 17beta-estradiol (e2) and estrone (e1) were isolated from soil samples. using their morphological and physiological features and 16s rdna sequences, we classified these isolates into two groups: group a (rhodococcus sp. strains ed6, ed7, and ed10) and group b (sphingomonas sp. strains ed8 and ed9). all isolates used e2 and e1 as the sole carbon sources and showed high e1 and e2 degradation activities. in all strains, more than 50% of 0.8 mg of e1 or e2 ... | 2010 | 20471597 |
| cometabolic degradation of trichloroethene by rhodococcus sp. strain l4 immobilized on plant materials rich in essential oils. | the cometabolic degradation of trichloroethene (tce) by rhodococcus sp. l4 was limited by the loss of enzyme activity during tce transformation. this problem was overcome by repeated addition of inducing substrates, such as cumene, limonene, or cumin aldehyde, to the cells. alternatively, rhodococcus sp. l4 was immobilized on plant materials which contain those inducers in their essential oils. cumin seeds were the most suitable immobilizing material, and the immobilized cells tolerated up to 68 ... | 2010 | 20472723 |
| improved synthesis of (s)-1-phenyl-2-propanol in high concentration with coupled whole cells of rhodococcus erythropolis and bacillus subtilis on preparative scale. | bioreduction of 1-phenyl-2-propanone to prepare (s)-1-phenyl-2-propanol, a useful pharmaceutical intermediate, was performed with growing cells of rhodococcus erythropolis jx-021, giving 14 mm (1.9 g/l) product in 99% e.e. at 5 h in the catalysis of 15 mm substrate. the reduction stopped afterwards due to strong inhibition of substrate and formed product, a problem that is often encountered in biotransformation. while the substrate inhibition was solved by stepwise feeding, product inhibition wa ... | 2010 | 20490950 |
| [investigation of biotechnological strains of microorganisms for their hygienic standardization]. | by analyzing the findings and databases on the hygienic standardization of industrial microorganisms, the authors have improved a research program for industrial strains on substantiating their safe exposure levels in workplace and ambient airs. a shortened program is proposed to investigate gram-positive bacteria and nocardioformic actinomycetes (lactobacillus, micrococcus, propionibacterim, brevibacterim, rhodococcus), which have no negative effect. it is necessary to study gram-negative bacte ... | 2010 | 20491276 |
| immunotherapy for the prevention of myointimal hyperplasia after experimental balloon injury of the rat carotid artery. | we assessed the effect of novel immunotherapeutic heat-killed bacterial (actinomycetales) preparations on the development of myointimal hyperplasia (mih) in a rat carotid balloon trauma model and the effect on the immune response by measuring the expression of interferon gamma (ifn-gamma; (th1) and interleukin 4 (il-4; th2). there was a significant reduction (p < .001) in intima/media ratios (mean +/- sem) in the rats treated by immunomodulation (0.52 +/- 0.03 gordonia bronchialis, 0.60 +/- 0.03 ... | 2010 | 20498142 |
| mutant selection window and characterization of allelic diversity for ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants of rhodococcus equi. | the mutant prevention concentration (mpc) for ciprofloxacin was determined for two rhodococcus equi strains. the mpc for both strains was 32 mug/ml, which is above the peak serum concentration of ciprofloxacin obtainable by oral administration in humans. nine single nucleotide changes corresponding to eight amino acid substitutions in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of dna gyrase subunits a and b were characterized. only mutants with amino acid changes in ser-83 of gyra were highly ... | 2010 | 20498313 |
| real-time pcr detection of fe-type nitrile hydratase genes from environmental isolates suggests horizontal gene transfer between multiple genera. | nitriles are widespread in the environment as a result of biological and industrial activity. nitrile hydratases catalyse the hydration of nitriles to the corresponding amide and are often associated with amidases, which catalyze the conversion of amides to the corresponding acids. nitrile hydratases have potential as biocatalysts in bioremediation and biotransformation applications, and several successful examples demonstrate the advantages. in this work a real-time pcr assay was designed for t ... | 2010 | 20502965 |
| [filamentous "contaminants" in the mycobacteriology laboratory; their culture, identification and clinical significance]. | frequent "contaminants" detected during mycobacterial culture of decontaminated samples are bacteria of the order actinomycetales. these are usually bacteria classified as the family corynebacterineae, genera corynebacterium, dietzia, gordonia, nocardia, rhodococcus and tsukamurella. these bacteria frequently colonize the airways and, under certain circumstances, they may cause life-threatening diseases. in severely immunocompromised patients, they regularly cause life-threatening infections wit ... | 2010 | 20503156 |
| the phytopathogen rhodococcus fascians breaks apical dominance and activates axillary meristems by inducing plant genes involved in hormone metabolism. | summary rhodococcus fascians is a gram-positive bacterium that interacts with many plant species and induces multiple shoots through a combination of activation of dormant axillary meristems and de novo meristem formation. although phenotypic analysis of the symptoms of infected plants clearly demonstrates a disturbance of the phytohormonal balance and an activation of the cell cycle, the actual mechanism of symptom development and the targets of the bacterial signals are unknown. to elucidate t ... | 2006 | 20507431 |
| the tobacco ntann12 gene, encoding an annexin, is induced upon rhodoccocus fascians infection and during leafy gall development. | summary annexins are calcium-binding proteins that have been associated in plants with different biological processes such as responses to abiotic stress and early nodulation stages. until now, the implication of annexins during plant-pathogen interactions has not been reported. here, a novel plant annexin gene induced in tobacco by-2 cell suspension cultures infected with the phytopathogenic bacterium rhodococcus fascians (strain d188) has been identified. expression of this gene, called ntann1 ... | 2007 | 20507490 |
| immunochemical studies of trehalose-containing major glycolipid from tsukamurella pulmonis. | the chemical structure of the major glycolipid present in the chloroform-methanol extract of bacterial biomass of tsukamurella pulmonis is reported. this compound was purified by tlc and hplc. the sugar analysis revealed only glucose. detailed chemical analyses, nmr, and maldi ft-icr-mass spectrometric studies identified 2,3-di-o-acyl-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->1)-alpha-d-glucopyranose as the final structure. short branched fatty acids (4:0 or 5:0) were linked to c-3 and saturated, mono, and di ... | 2010 | 20510396 |
| crystal structure of bovine cd1b3 with endogenously bound ligands. | the cd1 family of ag-presenting molecules is able to display lipids to t cells by binding them within a hydrophobic groove connected to the protein surface. in particular, the cd1b isotype is capable of binding ligands with greatly varying alkyl chain lengths through a complex network of interconnected hydrophobic pockets. interestingly, mycobacterial lipids such as glucose monomycolate exclusively bind to cd1b. we determined the crystal structure of one of the three expressed bovine cd1b protei ... | 2010 | 20519644 |
| polyphasic analysis of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere and roots of cyperus rotundus l. grown in a petroleum-contaminated soil. | cyperus rotundus l. is a perennial herb which was found prevailing in an area in the northeast of brazil previously contaminated with petroleum. in order to enlarge the knowledge of microorganism-plant interaction in phytoremediation, the bacterial community present in the rhizosphere and roots of c. rotundus was evaluated by culture-dependent and molecular approaches. pcr-dgge analyses based on the 16s rrna gene showed that the profiles of bulk soil, rhizosphere and root samples had a high degr ... | 2010 | 20519908 |
| the cytochrome bcc-aa3-type respiratory chain of rhodococcus rhodochrous. | rhodococcus rhodochrous is an active soil bacterium belonging to the nocardia group of high gc gram-positive bacteria. it is rich in various enzymes and thus important in the industrial production of chemicals and bioremediation. in this work, the respiratory chain of this aerobic organism was investigated and characterized. grown under highly aerobic conditions, the membrane fraction of r. rhodochrous cells only contained a-, b- and c-type cytochromes, suggesting that it is the cytochrome bcc-a ... | 2010 | 20541114 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of gallium maltolate against virulent rhodococcus equi. | the objective of this study was to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of gallium maltolate (gam) against rhodococcus equi. a total of 98 virulent bacterial isolates from equine clinical cases were examined, of which 19 isolates were known to be resistant to macrolides and rifampin. isolates were cultured with various concentrations of gam and minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) values were determined after 24 and 48 h. both the mic(50) and the mic(90) after 24h of growth were 558 n ... | 2010 | 20554401 |
| anhe, a metallochaperone involved in the maturation of a cobalt-dependent nitrile hydratase. | acetonitrile hydratase (anhase) of rhodococcus jostii rha1 is a cobalt-containing enzyme with no significant sequence identity with characterized nitrile hydratases. the anhase structural genes anha and anhb are separated by anhe, predicted to encode an 11.1-kda polypeptide. an anhe deletion mutant did not grow on acetonitrile but grew on acetamide, the anhase reaction product. growth on acetonitrile was restored by providing anhe in trans. anha could be used to assemble anhase in vitro, provide ... | 2010 | 20558748 |
| inducible expression systems for mycobacteria. | a wide variety of inducible expression systems have been designed for gram-negative bacteria, but adapting these systems to phylogenetically distinct species, such as mycobacteria, has proved notoriously difficult. mycobacteria belong to a class of high g+c gram-positive bacteria known as actinomycetes. although comparatively few genetic tools are available for these organisms, those that do exist are more likely to be adaptable for use in mycobacteria. a compelling example of this rationale is ... | 2009 | 20560072 |
| enzymes responsible for the conversion of n alpha-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]-d-lysine to n alpha-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]-d-aminoadipic acid by rhodococcus sp. aiu z-35-1. | the enzymes responsible for the conversion of n(alpha)-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]-d-lysine (n(alpha)-z-d-lysine) to n(alpha)-z-d-aminoadipic acid (n(alpha)-z-d-aaa) by rhodococcus sp. aiu z-35-1 were identified. n(alpha)-z-d-lysine was first converted to n(alpha)-z-d-aminoadipic delta-semialdehyde (n(alpha)-z-d-aasa) by d-specific amino acid deaminase, whereas n(alpha)-z-l-lysine was converted to n(alpha)-z-l-aasa by l-specific amino acid oxidase. the resulting n(alpha)-z-d-aasa was then converted to ... | 2010 | 20564569 |
| development of novel assays for lignin degradation: comparative analysis of bacterial and fungal lignin degraders. | two spectrophotometric assays have been developed to monitor breakdown of the lignin component of plant lignocellulose: a continuous fluorescent assay involving fluorescently modified lignin, and a uv-vis assay involving chemically nitrated lignin. these assays have been used to analyse lignin degradation activity in bacterial and fungal lignin degraders, and to identify additional soil bacteria that show activity for lignin degradation. two soil bacteria known to act as aromatic degraders, pseu ... | 2010 | 20567767 |
| identities of epilithic hydrocarbon-utilizing diazotrophic bacteria from the arabian gulf coasts, and their potential for oil bioremediation without nitrogen supplementation. | gravel particles from four sites along the arabian gulf coast in autumn, winter, and spring were naturally colonized with microbial consortia containing between 7 and 400 × 10(2) cm(-2) of cultivable oil-utilizing bacteria. the 16s rrna gene sequences of 70 representatives of oil-utilizing bacteria revealed that they were predominantly affiliated with the gammaproteobacteria and the actinobacteria. the gammaproteobacteria comprised among others, the genera pseudomonas, pseudoalteromonas, shewane ... | 2010 | 20567813 |
| the diversity and anti-microbial activity of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from medicinal plants in panxi plateau, china. | traditional chinese medicinal plants are sources of biologically active compounds, providing raw material for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and fragrance industries. the endophytes of medicinal plants participate in biochemical pathways and produce analogous or novel bioactive compounds. panxi plateau in south-west sichuan in china with its unique geographical and climatological characteristics is a habitat of a great variety of medicinal plants. in this study, 560 endophytic actinomycetes were isola ... | 2011 | 20567975 |
| pseudo-membranes on internal organs associated with rhodococcus qingshengii infection in atlantic salmon (salmo salar). | this paper describes a pathological condition in intensive reared atlantic salmon (salmo salar), restricted to the appearance of pseudo-membranes covering internal organs (i.e. spleen, liver, heart and others) associated with the presence of large numbers of a gram-positive bacteria. isolate 79043-3, obtained as pure culture from affected fish, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study in order to determine its exact taxonomic position, as well as to experimental challenges leading to determ ... | 2011 | 20580498 |
| generation of mutant of rhodococcus rhodochrous pa-34 through chemical mutagenesis for hyperproduction of nitrile hydratase. | rhodococcus rhodochrous pa-34 has been reported to produce nitrile hydratase enzyme that converts 3-cyanopyridine to nicotinamide. a mutant of r. rhodochrous pa-34 was generated through chemical mutagenesis using n-methyl-n-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng) that exhibited 2 times higher nitrile hydratase activity as compared to wild strain. the reaction conditions using resting cells of this mutant strain for the conversion of nicotinamide were optimized. under the optimized reaction conditions th ... | 2010 | 20587386 |
| determination of the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to macrolide antimicrobials or rifampin in rhodococcus equi isolates and treatment outcome in foals infected with antimicrobial-resistant isolates of r equi. | to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to macrolide antimicrobials or rifampin in rhodococcus equi isolates and to describe treatment outcome in foals infected with antimicrobial-resistant isolates of r equi. | 2010 | 20590498 |
| two new aurachins from rhodococcus sp. acta 2259. | | 2010 | 20606696 |
| occurrence of mycobacterium spp. and other pathogens in lymph nodes of slaughtered swine and wild boars (sus scrofa). | mycobacterium spp. and other pathogens were investigated in 258 swine lymph nodes (129 with and 129 without apparent lesions), and 120 lymph nodes (60 with and 60 without lesions) from wild boars (sus scrofa). a total of lymph nodes from swine and wild boars were collected of different animals. submaxillar and mesenteric lymph nodes were submitted to microbiological examination and colonies suggestive of mycobacterium spp. (alcohol-acid bacilli) were submitted to pcr restriction assay (pra). in ... | 2011 | 20621319 |
| dual two-component regulatory systems are involved in aromatic compound degradation in a polychlorinated-biphenyl degrader, rhodococcus jostii rha1. | a gram-positive polychlorinated-biphenyl (pcb) degrader, rhodococcus jostii rha1, degrades pcbs by cometabolism with biphenyl. a two-component bphs1t1 system encoded by bphs1 and bpht1 (formerly bphs and bpht) is responsible for the transcription induction of the five gene clusters, bphaaabacadc1b1, etbaa1ab1cbphd1, etbaa2ab2acd2, etbadbphb2, and etbd1, which constitute multiple enzyme systems for biphenyl/pcb degradation. the bphs2 and bpht2 genes, which encode bphs2 and bpht2, virtually identi ... | 2010 | 20622058 |
| detection of strain variation in isolates of rhodococcus equi from an affected foal using repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction. | rhodococcus equi is an important pathogen of foals aged 1-6 months. evidence exists that foals are exposed to a wide diversity of r. equi strains in their environment. however, limited data are available regarding the extent to which genotypic variation exists among isolates infecting individual foals. therefore, electrophoresis of repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-pcr) amplicons in an automated microfluidics chip format was used to genotype 9 virulent r. equi isolates obt ... | 2010 | 20622235 |
| the explosive-degrading cytochrome p450 xpla: biochemistry, structural features and prospects for bioremediation. | xpla is a cytochrome p450 that mediates the microbial metabolism of the military explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx). it has an unusual structural organisation comprising a heme domain that is fused to its flavodoxin redox partner. xpla along with its partnering reductase xplb are plasmid encoded and the gene xpla has now been found in divergent genera across the globe with near sequence identity. importantly, it has only been detected at explosives contaminated sites suggest ... | 2011 | 20624490 |
| chog is the main inducible extracellular cholesterol oxidase of rhodococcus sp. strain cect3014. | cholesterol catabolism has been reported in different bacteria and particularly in several rhodococcus species, but the genetic of this complex pathway is not yet very well defined. in this work we report the isolation and sequencing of a 9.8kb dna fragment of rhodococcus sp. strain cect3014, a bacterial strain that we here identify as a rhodococcus erythropolis strain. in this dna fragment we found several orf that are probably involved in steroid catabolism, and chog, a gene encoding a putativ ... | 2010 | 20630728 |
| rp-hplc/ms-apci analysis of branched chain tag prepared by precursor-directed biosynthesis with rhodococcus erythropolis. | reversed phase liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (rp-hplc/ms-apci) was used to analyze both synthetic triacylglycerols (tag) having 1-3 branched fatty acids (fa) in the molecule, and natural tag prepared by precursor directed biosynthesis from valine, leucine and isoleucine and the corresponding branched short-chain acids in cultivations of rhodococcus erythropolis. the technique made it possible to identify and quantify tag differing in a single br ... | 2010 | 20635225 |
| the sensor kinase mprb is required for rhodococcus equi virulence. | rhodococcus equi is a soil bacterium and, like mycobacterium tuberculosis, a member of the mycolata. through possession of a virulence plasmid, it has the ability to infect the alveolar macrophages of foals, resulting in pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia. the virulence plasmid has an orphan two-component system (tcs) regulatory gene, orf8, mutation of which completely attenuates virulence. this study attempted to find the cognate sensor kinase (sk) of orf8. annotation of the r. equi strain 103 g ... | 2011 | 20637548 |
| cyanobactericidal effect of rhodococcus sp. isolated from eutrophic lake on microcystis sp. | a bacterium, which was observed in all cultivations of microcystis sp., was isolated and designated as rhodococcus sp. kwr2. the growth of bloom-forming cyanobacteria, including four strains of microcystis aeruginosa and anabaena variabilis, was suppressed by up to 75-88% by 2% (v/v) culture broth of kwr2 after 5 days. but kwr2 did not inhibit eukaryotic algae, chlorella vulgaris and scenedesmus sp. an extracellular algicidal substance produced by kwr2 showed a cyanobactericidal activity of 94% ... | 2010 | 20640876 |
| chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of lantana camara, ageratum houstonianum and eupatorium adenophorum. | essential oils have applications in folk medicine, food preservation, and as feed additives. the essential oils of lantana camara linn. (verbenaceae), ageratum houstonianum mill. (asteraceae) and eupatorium adenophorum spreng. (asteraceae) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gcms). in l. camara oil, of the total identified (83.91%) volatile constituents, five constituents [3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatriene (28.86%), beta-caryophyllene (12.28%), zingiberene (7.63%), gamma-cu ... | 2010 | 20645797 |
| pharmacokinetics of an orally administered methylcellulose formulation of gallium maltolate in neonatal foals. | gallium is a trivalent semi-metal with anti-microbial effects because of its incorporation into crucial iron-dependent reproductive enzyme systems. gallium maltolate (gam) provides significant gallium bioavailability to people and mice following oral administration and to neonatal foals following intragastric administration. to study the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of gam against rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals, we developed a methylcellulose formulation of gam (gam-mcf) for oral ad ... | 2010 | 20646200 |
| disposition of oral telithromycin in foals and in vitro activity of the drug against macrolide-susceptible and macrolide-resistant rhodococcus equi isolates. | the objectives of this study were to determine the serum and pulmonary disposition of telithromycin in foals and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of telithromycin against macrolide-susceptible and macrolide-resistant rhodococcus equi isolates. a single dose of telithromycin (15 mg/kg of body weight) was administered to six healthy 6-10-week-old foals by the intragastric route. activity of telithromycin was measured in serum, pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (pelf), and br ... | 2010 | 20646201 |
| microaerophilic degradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) by three rhodococcus strains. | the goal of this study was to compare the degradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) by three rhodococcus strains under anaerobic, microaerophilic (<0.04 mg l(-1) dissolved oxygen) and aerobic (dissolved oxygen (do) maintained at 8 mg l(-1)) conditions. | 2010 | 20666987 |
| stya1 and stya2b from rhodococcus opacus 1cp: a multifunctional styrene monooxygenase system. | two-component flavoprotein monooxygenases are emerging biocatalysts that generally consist of a monooxygenase and a reductase component. here we show that rhodococcus opacus 1cp encodes a multifunctional enantioselective flavoprotein monooxygenase system composed of a single styrene monooxygenase (smo) (stya1) and another styrene monooxygenase fused to an nadh-flavin oxidoreductase (stya2b). stya1 and stya2b convert styrene and chemical analogues to the corresponding epoxides at the expense of f ... | 2010 | 20675468 |
| structural insights into substrate specificity and solvent tolerance in alcohol dehydrogenase adh-'a' from rhodococcus ruber dsm 44541. | the structure of the alcohol dehydrogenase adh-'a' from rhodococcus ruber reveals possible reasons for its remarkable tolerance to organic co-solvents and suggests new directions for structure-informed mutagenesis to produce enzymes of altered substrate specificity or improved selectivity. | 2010 | 20676439 |
| extracellular cholesterol oxidase from rhodococcus sp.: isolation and molecular characterization. | cholesterol oxidase (cho) has various clinical and industrial applications. recently, microbial cho have received a great attention for their wide usage in medicine. here, taxonomic characterizations of isolated strain from soil, optimization of the conditions for cho production and biochemical characterizations of produced cho enzyme were described. finally, cho gene was cloned into a cloning vector. | 2010 | 20683498 |
| rhodococcus fascians impacts plant development through the dynamic fas-mediated production of a cytokinin mix. | the phytopathogenic actinomycete rhodococcus fascians d188 relies mainly on the linear plasmid-encoded fas operon for its virulence. the bacteria secrete six cytokinin bases that synergistically redirect the developmental program of the plant to stimulate proliferation of young shoot tissue, thus establishing a leafy gall as a niche. a yeast-based cytokinin bioassay combined with cytokinin profiling of bacterial mutants revealed that the fas operon is essential for the enhanced production of iso ... | 2010 | 20687806 |
| biodegradation of diesel by mixed bacteria immobilized onto a hybrid support of peat moss and additives: a batch experiment. | we report microbial cell immobilization onto a hybrid support of peat moss for diesel biodegradation. three strains isolated from a site contaminated with diesel oil were used in this study: acinetobacter sp., gordonia sp., and rhodococcus sp. to increase not only diesel adsorption but also diesel biodegradation, additives such as zeolite, bentonite, chitosan, and alginate were tested. in this study, a peat moss, bentonite, and alginate (2/2.9/0.1 g, w/w/w) hybrid support (pba) was the best supp ... | 2010 | 20691535 |
| aerobic treatment of n-nitrosodimethylamine in a propane-fed membrane bioreactor. | n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma) is a suspected human carcinogen that has recently been detected in wastewater, groundwater and drinking water. treatment of this compound to low part-per-trillion (ng/l) concentrations is required to mitigate cancer risk. current treatment generally entails uv irradiation, which while effective, is also expensive. the objective of this research was to explore potential bioremediation strategies as alternatives for treating ndma to ng/l concentrations. batch studies ... | 2011 | 20701948 |
| analysis of plasmid diversity in 96 rhodococcus equi strains isolated in normandy (france) and sequencing of the 87-kb type i virulence plasmid. | to characterize the potential epidemiological relationship between the origin of rhodococcus equi strains and the type of their virulence plasmids, we performed a comparative analysis of virulence plasmid types encountered in 96 r. equi strains isolated from (1) autopsied horses, (2) organic samples (horse faeces, manure and straw) and (3) environmental samples. our results revealed no clear epidemiological link between virulence plasmid type and the origin of r. equi strains isolated from horse ... | 2010 | 20707817 |
| functional characterization of pgkt2, a 182-kilobase plasmid containing the xplab genes, which are involved in the degradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine by gordonia sp. strain ktr9. | several microorganisms have been isolated that can transform hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx), a cyclic nitramine explosive. to better characterize the microbial genes that facilitate this transformation, we sequenced and annotated a 182-kb plasmid, pgkt2, from the rdx-degrading strain gordonia sp. ktr9. this plasmid carries xpla, encoding a protein sharing up to 99% amino acid sequence identity with characterized rdx-degrading cytochromes p450. other genes that cluster with xpla ar ... | 2010 | 20709853 |
| functional characterization of propane-enhanced n-nitrosodimethylamine degradation by two actinomycetales. | propane-induced cometabolic degradation of n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma) by two propanotrophs is characterized through kinetic, gene presence, and expression studies. after growth on propane, resting cells of rhodococcus sp. rr1 possessed a maximum transformation rate (v(max,n)) of 44 ± 5 µg ndma (mg protein)(-1) h(-1); the rate for mycobacterium vaccae (austroafricanum) job-5 was modestly lower with v(max,n) of 28 ± 3 µg ndma (mg protein)(-1) h(-1). both strains were capable of degrading enviro ... | 2010 | 20717971 |
| highly efficient and enantioselective biotransformations of β-lactam carbonitriles and carboxamides and their synthetic applications. | catalyzed by rhodococcus erythropolis aj270, a nitrile hydratase and amidase containing microbial whole cell catalyst, a number of racemic 1-arylmethyl- and 1-allyl-4-oxoazetidine-2-carbonitriles and carboxamides underwent efficient transformations under very mild conditions to produce enantiopure functionalized s-amide and r-acid products in excellent yields. while the nitrile hydratase showed good enzyme activity but virtually no enantioselectivity, the amidase displayed high r-enantioselectiv ... | 2010 | 20721414 |
| synthesis of optically pure s-sulfoxide by escherichia coli transformant cells coexpressing the p450 monooxygenase and glucose dehydrogenase genes. | a cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (p450smo) from rhodococcus sp. can catalyze asymmetric oxygenation of sulfides to s-sulfoxides. however, p450smo-catalyzed biotransformations require a constant supply of nad(p)h, the expense of which constitutes a great hindrance for this enzyme application. in this study, we investigated the asymmetric oxygenation of sulfide to s-sulfoxide using e. coli cells, which co-express both the p450smo gene from rhodococcus sp. and the glucose dehydrogenase (gdh) gene fr ... | 2011 | 20721599 |
| effect of agitation and aeration on the production of nitrile hydratase by rhodococcus erythropolis mtcc 1526 in a stirred tank reactor. | to evaluate the effect of different physicochemical parameters such as agitation, aeration and ph on the growth and nitrile hydratase production by rhodococcus erythropolis mtcc 1526 in a stirred tank reactor. | 2010 | 20723042 |
| isolation and characterization of hexavalent chromium-reducing rhizospheric bacteria from a wetland. | scirpus americanus pers. occurs naturally in "san germán," a pond that serves as a receptor of industrial wastewater in guanajuato, méxico. this plant accumulates metals mainly in the root: concentrations (mg/kg) of cr, as, cd and se were 970, 49, 41, and 85 respectively. analysis of rhizosphere samples indicated bacterial population of 10(8) cfu g(-1) in media with 0.2 mm cr(vi) and 10 mm sodium gluconate. thirteen isolates were obtained and phylogenetic analyses (16s rrna) indicated they corre ... | 2010 | 20734910 |
| a potential role for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) in rhodococcus equi infection. | rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen of foals and immunocompromised humans that infects and proliferates within host macrophages and dendritic cells (dc). indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido), the initial enzyme in the tryptophan catabolism pathway, is upregulated in r. equi infected equine monocyte-derived dc and alveolar macrophages. tryptophan requirement of r. equi for extracellular and intracellular growth was assessed. growth of r. equi in minimal media did not r ... | 2010 | 20739070 |
| biological treatment of propanil and 3,4-dichloroaniline: kinetic and microbiological characterisation. | propanil (3,4-dichloropropionanilide) is a widely used herbicide, applied worldwide in rice paddies. propanil is primarily transformed in nature to 3,4-dichloroaniline (dca), which is more slowly biodegradable. both compounds have adverse health and ecotoxicity effects. this work investigated the microbial ecology and kinetics of propanil-degrading enrichments obtained from soil in a sequencing batch reactor (sbr) operated with different feeding strategies, aiming at the enhanced biological remo ... | 2010 | 20801480 |
| optimization of a genome-walking method to suit gc-rich template dna from biotechnological relevant actinobacteria. | sitefinding-pcr has been recently reported to be a useful technique in order to identify unknown dna fragments located adjacent to available sequences. however, this method has so far only been applied to few dna sources including plants, samples from bioleaching communities, and a pseudomonas strain. in order to complete the sequence information of two gene clusters in gram-positive rhodococci the original protocol was applied yielding amplicons of insufficient size. the binding site of the pre ... | 2010 | 20806255 |
| resolution of racemic sulfoxides with high productivity and enantioselectivity by a rhodococcus sp. strain as an alternative to biooxidation of prochiral sulfides for efficient production of enantiopure sulfoxides. | whole cells of rhodococcus sp. ecu0066 were used a catalyst for resolution of racemic sulfoxides, as an alternative to asymmetric oxidation of sulfides for efficient production of enantiopure sulfoxides. racemic sulfoxides were excellent substrates for biotransformation because of their lower biotoxicity compared to sulfides. determination of apparent kinetic parameters indicated that phenyl methyl sulfide (pms), but not racemic phenyl methyl sulfoxide (rac-pmso) caused substrate inhibition. (s) ... | 2011 | 20810278 |
| substrate binding mechanism of a type i extradiol dioxygenase. | a meta-cleavage pathway for the aerobic degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons is catalyzed by extradiol dioxygenases via a two-step mechanism: catechol substrate binding and dioxygen incorporation. the binding of substrate triggers the release of water, thereby opening a coordination site for molecular oxygen. the crystal structures of akbc, a type i extradiol dioxygenase, and the enzyme substrate (3-methylcatechol) complex revealed the substrate binding process of extradiol dioxygenase. akbc is ... | 2010 | 20810655 |
| [destruction of motor oils by actinobacteria]. | the influence of high concentrations of motor oils (mo) and additives to them on the growth of strains dietzia maris ukm ac-205, gordonia rubripertincta ukm ac-179 and rhodococcus erythropolis ukm ac-50 as well as the ability of these actinobacteria to destruction of different mo brands were investigated. it was shown that all strains were resistant to the used motor oils but showed sensitivity to fresh (unused) mo and additives containing zinc dithiophosphate. the oil "esso ultra" which had min ... | 2010 | 20812505 |
| enantiopure trans-3-arylaziridine-2-carboxamides: preparation by bacterial hydrolysis and ring-openings toward enantiopure, unnatural d-α-amino acids. | several racemic trans-3-arylaziridine-2-carboxamides were prepared and then resolved by rhodococcus rhodochrous ifo 15564-catalyzed hydrolysis. the resulting enantiopure (2r,3s)-3-arylaziridine-2-carboxamides are adequate substrates to undergo fully stereoselective nucleophilic ring-openings at the c-3 ring position to finally yield enantiopure, unnatural d-α-aminocarboxylic acids. experimental evidence is provided that suggests the fate of the (2s,3r)-3-arylaziridine-2-carboxylic acids concomit ... | 2010 | 20812732 |
| effects of two commercially available immunostimulants on leukocyte function of foals following ex vivo exposure to rhodococcus equi. | the objective of this study was to determine the effect of immunostimulants on neutrophil, macrophage, and lymphocyte function following ex vivo exposure to rhodococcus equi. eighteen foals were randomly assigned to one of 3 treatment groups. treatment consisted of inactivated propionibacterium acnes (pa), inactivated parapoxvirus ovis (ppvo), or saline (control) administered on days 0 (7 days of age), 2, and 8. bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid and blood were collected on days 0 (baseline), 12 ... | 2010 | 20822815 |
| atomic resolution studies of haloalkane dehalogenases dhaa04, dhaa14 and dhaa15 with engineered access tunnels. | the haloalkane dehalogenase dhaa from rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb 13064 is a bacterial enzyme that shows catalytic activity for the hydrolytic degradation of the highly toxic industrial pollutant 1,2,3-trichloropropane (tcp). mutagenesis focused on the access tunnels of dhaa produced protein variants with significantly improved activity towards tcp. three mutants of dhaa named dhaa04 (c176y), dhaa14 (i135f) and dhaa15 (c176y + i135f) were constructed in order to study the functional relevance ... | 2010 | 20823547 |
| biodegradation of carbendazim by a novel actinobacterium rhodococcus jialingiae djl-6-2. | a novel actinobacterial strain rhodococcus jialingiae djl-6-2 capable of using carbendazim (mbc) as the sole carbon and nitrogen source for growth was used to investigate its metabolism pathway of mbc. the hplc and ms/ms analysis showed that mbc was hydrolyzed to 2-aminobenzimidazole (2-ab) and then converted to benzimidazole or 2-hydroxybenzimidazole (2-hb). the conversion of 2-ab was inhibited by nh(4)no(3). the benzene ring of 2-hb was further opened through meta (extradiol) catechol cleavage ... | 2010 | 20833408 |
| the rhodococcus opacus pd630 heparin-binding hemagglutinin homolog tada mediates lipid body formation. | generally, prokaryotes store carbon as polyhydroxyalkanoate, starch, or glycogen. the gram-positive actinomycete rhodococcus opacus strain pd630 is noteworthy in that it stores carbon in the form of triacylglycerol (tag). several studies have demonstrated that r. opacus pd630 can accumulate up to 76% of its cell dry weight as tag when grown under nitrogen-limiting conditions. while this process is well studied, the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanisms leading to tag biosynthesis and s ... | 2010 | 20851968 |
| biphenyl and ethylbenzene dioxygenases of rhodococcus jostii rha1 transform pbdes. | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) are a class of flame retardants that have been widely used in consumer products, but that are problematic because of their environmental persistence and endocrine-disrupting properties. to date, very little is known about pbde degradation by aerobic microorganisms and the enzymes involved in pbde transformation. resting cells of the polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading actinomycete, rhodococcus jostii rha1, depleted nine mono- through penta-bdes in separate a ... | 2011 | 20872819 |
| [a study of the catalytic properties of the nitrile hydratase immobilized on aluminum oxides and carbon-containing adsorbents]. | the nitrile hydratase isolated from rhodococcus ruber strain gt1, displaying a high nitrile hydratase activity, was immobilized on unmodified aluminum oxides and carbon-containing adsorbents, including the carbon carrier sibunit. the activity and operational stability of the immobilized nitrile hydratase were studied in the reaction of acrylonitrile transformation into acrylamide. it was demonstrated that an increase in the carbon content in the carrier led to an increase in the amount of adsorb ... | 2010 | 20873164 |
| fabrication and biosensing with cnt/aligned mesostructured silica core-shell nanowires. | we report the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (cnts)/mesostructured silica core-shell nanowires via an interfacial surfactant templating approach. the nanowires possess perpendicularly aligned and uniform accessible mesopores, high surface area and large pore volume. when dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (dmsor) enzyme is immobilized on the core-shell nanowires, the complex can enhance the electrical communication between the active sites of the enzyme and the electrode surface in the presence of a me ... | 2010 | 20873810 |
| nonhealing wound due to rhodococcus equi in an apparently immunocompetent patient, revealing cd8+ t-lymphocyte deficiency. | we describe a case of a nonhealing wound due to rhodococcus equi. failure of the wound to heal led to immunological investigations and the discovery of a previously unknown cd8+ t-lymphocyte deficit responsible for the chronic infection. the infection was cured after a 3-month course of a combination of antibiotics. | 2010 | 20881171 |
| unique biogenesis of high-molecular mass multimeric metalloenzyme nitrile hydratase: intermediates and a proposed mechanism for self-subunit swapping maturation. | rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 produces high- and low-molecular mass nitrile hydratases (h-nhase and l-nhase, respectively), depending on the inducer. the incorporation of cobalt into l-nhase has been found to depend on the α-subunit exchange between cobalt-free l-nhase (apo-l-nhase) and its cobalt-containing mediator, nhlae (holo-nhlae), this novel mode of post-translational maturation having been named self-subunit swapping and nhle having been recognized as a self-subunit swapping chaperone. we d ... | 2010 | 20886813 |
| characterization of arcanobacterium abortisuis by phenotypic properties and by sequencing the 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacer region. | the present study was designed to characterize phenotypically and genotypically nine arcanobacterium abortisuis strains collected from specimen of pigs in a period of nine years. all nine a. abortisuis strains and a. abortisuis reference strain dsm 19515 displayed a synergistic hemolytic reaction with staphylococcus aureus β-hemolysin, rhodococcus equi, and arcanobacterium haemolyticum indicator strains and showed the typical biochemical properties of this species. the species identity could be ... | 2010 | 20926209 |
| [cloning, sequencing and identification of replication origin of rhodococcus linear plasmid pnsl1]. | two linear plasmids, pnsl1 and pnsl1, were detected from rhodocuccus sp. ns1. | 2010 | 20931880 |
| the genome of a pathogenic rhodococcus: cooptive virulence underpinned by key gene acquisitions. | we report the genome of the facultative intracellular parasite rhodococcus equi, the only animal pathogen within the biotechnologically important actinobacterial genus rhodococcus. the 5.0-mb r. equi 103s genome is significantly smaller than those of environmental rhodococci. this is due to genome expansion in nonpathogenic species, via a linear gain of paralogous genes and an accelerated genetic flux, rather than reductive evolution in r. equi. the 103s genome lacks the extensive catabolic and ... | 2010 | 20941392 |
| bioconversion of acrylonitrile to acrylamide using polyacrylamide entrapped cells of rhodococcus rhodochrous pa-34. | the nitrile hydratase (nhase) of rhodococcus rhodochrous pa-34 catalyzed the conversion of acrylonitrile to acrylamide. the resting cells (having nhase activity) (8 %; 1 ml corresponds to 22 mg dry cell mass, dcm) were immobilized in polyacrylamide gel containing 12.5 % acrylamide, 0.6 % bisacrylamide, 0.2 % diammonium persulfate and 0.4 % temed. the polyacrylamide entrapped cells (1.12 mg dcm/ml) completely converted acrylonitrile in 3 h at 10 °c, using 0.1 mol/l potassium phosphate buffer. in ... | 2010 | 20941578 |
| characterization of mycolic acids from the pathogen rhodococcus equi by tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. | we describe a simple tandem mass spectrometric approach toward structural characterization of mycolic acids, the long-chain α-alkyl-β-hydroxy fatty acids unique to mycobacteria and related taxa. on collisionally activated dissociation in a linear ion trap or tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer, the [m-h](-) ions of mycolic acid generated by electrospray ionization undergo dissociation to eliminate the meroaldehyde residue, leading to formation of carboxylate anions containing α-alkyl chains. the ... | 2010 | 20946862 |
| low-temperature ionizing radiation resistance of deinococcus radiodurans and antarctic dry valley bacteria. | the high flux of cosmic rays onto the unshielded surface of mars poses a significant hazard to the survival of martian microbial life. here, we determined the survival responses of several bacterial strains to ionizing radiation exposure while frozen at a low temperature characteristic of the martian near-subsurface. novel psychrotolerant bacterial strains were isolated from the antarctic dry valleys, an environmental analogue of the martian surface, and identified by 16s rrna gene phylogeny as ... | 2010 | 20950171 |
| genetic analysis around aminoalcohol dehydrogenase gene of rhodococcus erythropolis mak154: a putative gntr transcription factor in transcriptional regulation. | nadp(+)-dependent aminoalcohol dehydrogenase (aadh) of rhodococcus erythropolis mak154 catalyzes the reduction of (s)-1-phenyl-1-keto-2-methylaminopropane ((s)-mak) to d-pseudoephedrine, which is used as a pharmaceutical. aadh is suggested to participate in aminoalcohol or aminoketone metabolism in this organism because it is induced by the addition of several aminoalcohols, such as 1-amino-2-propanol. genetic analysis of around the aadh gene showed that some open reading frames (orfs) are invol ... | 2010 | 20953603 |
| invasive infection with rhodococcus equi--two case reports and review of literature. | rhodococcus equi infection is rare in humans, but has increasingly been reported in the last three decades, particularly in immunocompromised patients. the infection is mainly pulmonary but can also assume an extra-pulmonary form. r. equi infection is difficult to diagnose at an early stage both from a clinical and microbiologic view. only correct and timely diagnosis and treatment can help reduce significant morbidity and mortality. optimal treatment probably consists of prolonged, preferably t ... | 2010 | 20954468 |