| effects of acute and subchronic exposures to waterborne selenite on the physiological stress response and oxidative stress indicators in juvenile rainbow trout. | selenium (se) is an essential element that may bioaccumulate to toxic levels. in fish, the major toxicity symptom is larval teratogenic deformities, but little is known about the effect of se on other systems such as the physiological stress response and oxidative stress. to test the hypothesis that se is a chemical stressor that causes toxicity through oxidative stress, juvenile rainbow trout were exposed to waterborne sodium selenite, and physiological stress response and stress-related parame ... | 2007 | 17568697 |
| relationship between leptin content, metabolic hormones and fat deposition in three beef cattle breeds. | the aim of the study was to determine if cattle breeds differing in their carcass characteristics also differ in the profiles of their leptin and metabolic hormones. three breeds, belgian blue (bb) (n=12), limousin (l) (n=12) and aberdeen angus (aa) (n=12) with varying ability to deposit fat and protein were compared. blood, muscle and subcutaneous (sc) adipose tissue were sampled. animal performance, carcass and meat characteristics were determined as well as plasma leptin concentration, leptin ... | 2008 | 17569563 |
| expression and prognostic value of mg7-ag in patients with surgically resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. | mg7-ag is a human gastric-carcinoma-associated antigen. the expression of mg7-ag was found to increase gradually with the development and progression of gastric cancer. moreover, a poorer prognosis was found in mg7-ag positive gastric-carcinoma patients than in mg7-ag negative patients. however, neither mg7-ag expression nor its clinical significance has been previously examined in squamous cell carcinoma (scc) of the esophagus. in this study, we examined the expression of mg7-ag in esophageal s ... | 2007 | 17570016 |
| thyroid hormone transporters in health and disease: advances in thyroid hormone deiodination. | thyroid hormone metabolism by the three deiodinase selenoproteins -- dio1, dio2, and dio3 -- regulates the local availability of various iodothyronine metabolites and thus mediates their effects on gene expression, thermoregulation, energy metabolism, and many key reactions during the development and maintenance of an adult organism. circulating serum levels of thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone, used as a combined indicator of thyroid hormone status, reflect a composite picture of: ... | 2007 | 17574002 |
| tissue uptake of thyroid hormone by amino acid transporters. | thyroid hormones (ths) -- thyroxine (t4) and tri-iodothyronine (t3) -- are iodinated derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine, which regulates growth, development and critical metabolic functions. ths are taken up by target cells and act at the genomic level via nuclear thyroid receptors. saturable transport mechanisms mediate the greater part of th movement across the plasma membrane. system l1 permease is a transporter of ths and amino acids in mammalian adipose tissue, placenta and brain. t(3) ... | 2007 | 17574006 |
| an investigation into the prognostic significance of necrosis and hypoxia in high grade and invasive bladder cancer. | we investigated hypoxia and necrosis in high grade and invasive bladder cancer, and related this to prognosis. | 2007 | 17574616 |
| lymph node involvement in gastric cancer for different tumor sites and t stage: italian research group for gastric cancer (irggc) experience. | the aim of lymphadenectomy is to clear all the metastatic nodes achieving a complete removal of the tumor; nevertheless, its role in gastric cancer has been very much debated. | 2007 | 17576611 |
| intramolecular dna quadruplexes with different arrangements of short and long loops. | we have examined the folding, stability and kinetics of intramolecular quadruplexes formed by dna sequences containing four g3 tracts separated by either single t or t4 loops. all these sequences fold to form intramolecular quadruplexes and 1d-nmr spectra suggest that they each adopt unique structures (with the exception of the sequence with all three loops containing t4, which is polymorphic). the stability increases with the number of single t loops, though the arrangement of different length ... | 2007 | 17576685 |
| troponin t isoform expression is modulated during atlantic halibut metamorphosis. | flatfish metamorphosis is a thyroid hormone (th) driven process which leads to a dramatic change from a symmetrical larva to an asymmetrical juvenile. the effect of ths on muscle and in particular muscle sarcomer protein genes is largely unexplored in fish. the change in troponin t (tnt), a pivotal protein in the assembly of skeletal muscles sarcomeres and a modulator of calcium driven muscle contraction, during flatfish metamophosis is studied. | 2007 | 17577411 |
| [tumours of the large bowel and rectum: possibilities and limitations of sonographic evaluation]. | sonographic detection rate of colorectal tumours in comparison with endoscopy. | 2007 | 17577859 |
| higher glucose uptake in paralysed spastic leg. | insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus have been reported in the spinal cord injured (sci). the group exhibits risk factors, as decreased physical activity, as well as episodes of stimulation of sympathetic nervous system below the level of lesion known to stimulate lipolysis, which in turn could induce insulin resistance. however, data are inconsistent, which might indicate the presence of protective mechanisms. | 2008 | 17579617 |
| awake anaesthesia for major thoracic surgical procedures: an observational study. | major thoracic surgical procedures are rarely performed under awake anaesthesia. the purpose of this study is to review the experience of a tertiary center in major thoracic surgical procedures done under awake anaesthesia. | 2007 | 17580117 |
| establishment of reference intervals for thyroid- stimulating hormone and free thyroxine in amniotic fluid using the bayer advia centaur. | thyroid hormone concentrations in amniotic fluid (af) can aid in the diagnosis of fetal hypothyroidism. however, the availability of reference intervals for thyroid hormones in af using current methods is limited. the purpose of this study was to validate the bayer advia centaur (bayer healthcare, tarrytown, ny) third-generation thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh), total thyroxine (t4), and free thyroxine (ft4) assays for use with af and establish reference intervals for these thyroid hormones in ... | 2007 | 17580284 |
| not all g-quadruplexes exhibit ion-channel-like properties: nmr study of ammonium ion (non)movement within the d(g(3)t(4)g(4))(2) quadruplex. | a solution-state nmr study on 15nh4(+) ion movement within d(g(3)t(4)g(4))(2), a dimeric g-quadruplex consisting of three g-quartets and two t(4) loops, rather unexpectedly demonstrated the absence of 15nh4(+) ion movement between the binding sites u and l along the central axis of the g-quadruplex. distinct temperature dependences of autocorrelation signals for u and l binding sites have been observed in 15n-1h nzexhsqc spectra which correlate with the local stiffness of the g-quadruplex. the v ... | 2007 | 17580943 |
| blood coagulation activation and fibrinolysis during a downhill marathon run. | prolonged physical exercise is associated with multiple changes in blood hemostasis. eccentric muscle activation induces microtrauma of skeletal muscles, inducing an inflammatory response. since there is a link between inflammation and coagulation we speculated that downhill running strongly activates the coagulation system. thirteen volunteers participated in the tyrolean speed marathon (42,195 m downhill race, 795 m vertical distance). venous blood was collected 3 days (t1) and 3 h (t2) before ... | 2007 | 17581317 |
| validation of a new arterial pulse contour-based cardiac output device. | to evaluate the accuracy and precision of an arterial pulse contour-based continuous cardiac output device (vigileo). vigileo cardiac output (vigileoco) was compared with intermittent transpulmonary thermodilution cardiac output (tpco) and an established arterial pulse contour-based cardiac output (pcco). | 2007 | 17581493 |
| a new 10-min ligation method using a modified buffer system with a very low amount of t4 dna ligase: the "coffee break ligation" technique. | the ligation reaction is widely used in molecular biology. there are several kits available that complete the ligation reaction very rapidly but they are rather expensive. in this study, we successfully modified the ligation buffer with much lower cost than existing kits. the ligation reaction can be completed in 10 min using very low activities such as 0.01 u t4 dna ligase, and costs only $1 for 100 reactions of 20 microl scale. we name this ligation system the "coffee break ligation" system; o ... | 2007 | 17581703 |
| unequal concentrations of free t3 and free t4 after ultrafiltration. | | 2007 | 17582152 |
| methylmercury inhibition of type ii 5'-deiodinase activity resulting in a decrease in growth hormone production in gh3 cells. | we have recently reported that methylmercury (mehg) inhibits type ii iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase (d2) activity in mouse neuroblastoma nb41a3 cells. in the present study, we determined the biological significance of d2 inhibition by mehg. gh3 rat pituitary tumor cells were treated with mehg and d2 activity and production of a thyroid hormone-responsive gene product, growth hormone (gh) were analyzed. mehg inhibited d2 activity and decreased thyroxine (t4)-induced, but not 3,3',5-triiodothyronine ... | 2007 | 17582671 |
| the effects of treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism on metabolic control and hyperinsulinemia. | we examined the effects of treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism (sh) on metabolic control and hyperinsulinemia. the study included 53 patients ages 53.42+/-3.11 years, bmi = 28.43+/-1.67 kg/m2, with sh. laboratory evaluation included serum free t3, free t4, tsh, thyroid antibodies, tgl, insulin, c-peptide and glucose during ogtt, hba1c, crp and level of lipids. twelve sh patients (37.7 %) had diabetes mellitus (dm), 14 patients (26.4 %) had glucose intolerance (gi) and 35 patients were obese ... | 2007 | 17582969 |
| the icd shock and stress management program: a randomized trial of psychosocial treatment to optimize quality of life in icd patients. | implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icd) patients potentially face significant psychological distress because of their risk for life-threatening arrhythmias and the occurrence of icd shock. | 2007 | 17584267 |
| comparative effectiveness of methylprednisolone and zero-balance ultrafiltration on inflammatory response after pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. | studies have demonstrated that systemic inflammatory response syndrome (sirs) remains one of the major causes of cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb)-associated organ injury during pediatric cardiac surgery. the purpose of this investigation was to compare the effectiveness of methylprednisolone (mp) and zero-balance ultrafiltration (zbuf) on sirs during pediatric cpb. thirty infants undergoing open-heart surgeries were randomized to receive either mp in the priming solution (group m, n = 15) or zbuf du ... | 2007 | 17584482 |
| accelerated radiotherapy and larynx preservation in favorable-risk patients with t2 or worse hypopharyngeal cancer. | to evaluate the advantage of accelerated fractionation radiotherapy for patients with hypopharyngeal cancer requiring total laryngectomy. | 2007 | 17584824 |
| the c-terminal domain of t4 rna ligase 1 confers specificity for trna repair. | t4 rna ligase 1 (rnl1) is a trna repair enzyme that thwarts a trna-damaging host response to virus infection. the 374-aa rnl1 protein consists of an n-terminal nucleotidyltransferase domain fused to a unique c-terminal domain composed of 10 alpha helices. we exploited an in vitro trna splicing system to demonstrate that rnl1 has an inherent specificity for sealing trna with a break in the anticodon loop. the trna specificity is imparted by the c domain, any deletion of which caused the broken tr ... | 2007 | 17585047 |
| thoracic pedicle screw placement: analysis using anatomical landmarks without image guidance. | prospective laboratory study analyzing the technique of pedicle screw placement in a cadaveric model. | 2007 | 17585271 |
| near-total laryngectomy. | to demonstrate the oncological and physiological safety of near-total laryngectomy (ntl), its versatility for use following extensive resections that necessitate pharyngoplasty, in post radiation recurrences and its success in voice conservation. to highlight the importance of a "maintenance free biological shunt" for voice production in patients of advanced laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers and compare the merits of the same to an artificial shunt created with a tracheo-esophageal puncture and p ... | 2002 | 17585442 |
| squamous cell carcinoma of the anal region at the king faisal specialist hospital and research centre. | this study documents the epidemiological aspects of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus and anal canal as it has presented to the king faisal specialist hospital and research centre (kfsh&rc). thirty-eight (33 saudis) patients, 24 males and 14 females were studied. they ranged in age from 32 to 100 years. twenty-four had anal canal tumors and 12 had anal margin cancers. riyadh, the eastern province or medina provided most patients and the majority presented with bleeding, a lump or pain. symptom ... | 1992 | 17586965 |
| serum free t4 and thyroid stimulating hormone levels in preterm infants and relationship between these levels and respiratory distress syndrome. | there have been few studies of the thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) surge in extremely low-birthweight (elbw) infants, and the relationship between thyroid hormones and respiratory distress syndrome (rds) has yet to be clarified. the present study sought to determine the serum levels of free t4 (ft4) and tsh in elbw infants and to examine the relationship between these levels and the development of rds. | 2007 | 17587266 |
| bronchoalveolar lavage quality influences the t4/t8 ratio in sarcoidosis. | sarcoidosis is characterised by a t-lymphocytic alveolitis with a typically increased t4/t8 ratio. the diagnostic value of this ratio is under debate. | 2007 | 17587560 |
| bilharzial and nonbilharzial bladder cancer in asir: a comparative clinicopathological study. | a total of 48 bladder cancer patients out of 96 consecutive genitourinary cancer cases were divided into bilharzial and nonbilharzial groups on a histological basis in order to investigate the impact of bilharziasis on tumor behavior. despite being a bilharzial endemic area, only 10/48 (21%) of our patients had bilharzial cancer (bc) of whom 8 (80%) had squamous cell carcinoma (scc) and 2 (20%) had adenocarcinoma. out of 38 patients with nonbilharzial cancer (nbc), 35 (92%) had transitional cell ... | 1993 | 17588020 |
| the role of surgery in the treatment of stage iii non-small-cell lung cancer. | stage iii, locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer represents an incredibly heterogeneous group of patients. the majority of patients are treated with curative intent, but optimal therapy is controversial and the role of surgery is not well defined. consensus has shown that the majority of patients with iiib disease are not amenable to resection. the exceptions are selected patients with tumor stage 4 (t4) by virtue of a satellite nodule or those with isolated invasion of the spine, superior ... | 2007 | 17588348 |
| purification and concentration of bacteriophage t4 using monolithic chromatographic supports. | phages are gaining importance due to their wide usage. in this work strong anion exchange monolithic chromatographic column was used for single step phage purification. most of the proteins and dna were removed and recovery of approximately 70% of infective virus was reproducibly achieved. 30 ml of phage sample was purified in around 10 min. | 2008 | 17588505 |
| negative feedback regulation of hypophysiotropic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh) synthesizing neurons: role of neuronal afferents and type 2 deiodinase. | hypophysiotropic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh): synthesizing neurons reside in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (pvn) and are the central regulators of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (hpt) axis. trh synthesis and release from these neurons are primarily under negative feedback regulation by thyroid hormone. under certain conditions such as cold exposure and fasting, however, inputs from neurons in the brainstem and hypothalamic arcuate and dorsomedial nuclei alter the set point ... | 2007 | 17588648 |
| influence of age and sex in modulating tsh level in primary hypothyroidism. | previous studies addressing the interaction of age and sex with the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyrotrophs axis yielded conflicting results, due in part to inability to control for the effect of variable free thyroid hormone levels. we studied the effect of age and sex on tsh levels in patients with severe primary hypothyroidism who have essentially undetectable plasma thyroid hormone levels. the tsh levels were measured in 116 thyroid cancer patients four weeks after the withdrawal ... | 1995 | 17589013 |
| congenital hypothyroidism: clinical and laboratory characteristics in infants detected by neonatal screening. | a pilot cord serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) screening program for congenital hypothyroidism began in december 1988 at the ministry of health maternity hospitals in riyadh. out of 40,000 infants screened, 15 infants with congenital hypothyroidism have been detected. of these, five had athyreosis, eight with ectopic thyroid glands, interestingly five of which had positive perchlorate discharge test suggestive of organification defects, and two had normally located glands with perchlorate ... | 1992 | 17589142 |
| effect of thickener agents on dental enamel microhardness submitted to at-home bleaching. | dental bleaching occurs due to an oxidation reaction between the bleaching agents and the macromolecules of pigments in the teeth. this reaction is unspecific and the peroxides can also affect the dental matrix causing mineral loss. on the other hand, recent studies have suggested that the thickener agent carbopol can also cause mineral loss. thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of at-home dental bleaching on dental enamel microhardness after the use of bleaching ... | 2007 | 17589654 |
| functional study of the voice and swallowing following supracricoid laryngectomy. | to identify the grade and evolution of dysphagia and dysphonia in patients undergoing supracricoid laringectomy, and to study the association of these findings with clinical and surgical variables. | 2007 | 17589720 |
| morbidity, mortality and survival in the management of ct4 breast cancer in nigeria. | the absence of other modalities mandates surgical management of t4 breast cancer in nigeria. the management, course and survival of 120 nigerian females who presented with breast cancer in stage uicc t4n1-2mo were studied prospectively. all patients underwent total mastectomy and partial axillary dissection. eighty patients (group 2) who received postoperative chemotherapy were matched to 40 patients (group 1) who did not receive chemotherapy. group 1 patients had significantly earlier tumor rec ... | 1995 | 17590573 |
| trajectories and predictors of indirect aggression: results from a nationally representative longitudinal study of canadian children aged 2-10. | the purposes of this study were to model the development of indirect aggression among a nationally representative sample of 1,401 canadian children aged 4 at t2, 6 at t3, 8 at t4 and 10 at t5, and to examine predictors of trajectory group membership from t1 (age 2) child, familial, and parenting variables. using a semi-parametric group-based modeling approach, two distinct trajectories were identified: "increasing users" comprising of 35% of the sample and "stable low users" comprising of 65% of ... | 2007 | 17593562 |
| dioxin-like and transthyretin-binding compounds in indoor dusts collected from japan: average daily dose and possible implications for children. | many researchers are increasingly interested in human exposure to house dust containing household compounds such as polybrominated diphenylethers (pbdes). nevertheless, no investigations have addressed the endocrine-disrupting potencies of compounds contained in indoor dust. this study specifically addresses endocrine-disrupting potencies such as dioxin-like activity and human transthyretin (ttr)-binding potencies. using in vitro bioassays, we investigated these activity levels in indoor dusts. ... | 2007 | 17593761 |
| temperature-dependent kinetics study of the gas-phase reactions of oh with n- and i-propyl bromide. | an experimental, temperature-dependent kinetics study of the gas-phase reactions of hydroxyl radical with n-propyl bromide, oh+n-c3h7br-->products (reaction 1), and i-propyl bromide, oh+i-c3h7br-->products (reaction 2), has been performed over wide ranges of temperatures 297-725 and 297-715 k, respectively, and at pressures between 6.67 and 26.76 kpa by a pulsed laser photolysis/pulsed laser-induced fluorescence technique. data sets of absolute bimolecular rate coefficients obtained in this stud ... | 2007 | 17595069 |
| expression of p21(wafl/cip1), p57(kip2) and her2/neu in patients with gallbladder cancer. | to improve the prognosis of gallbladder cancer (gc) patients, a better understanding of the mechanisms of tumor development and progression is essential. the deregulation of cell cycle control is a critical step in the development of cancer. the purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of p21(wafl/cip1), p57(kip2) and her2/neu in an unselected gc patient population and to assess the association of these markers with p27(kip1) expression, p53 gene mutation status and clinical param ... | 2007 | 17595796 |
| clinical and endocrine features and long-term outcome of graves' disease in early childhood. | hyperthyroidism is rare in early childhood and most commonly caused by graves' disease. we report 14 children (4 boys, 10 girls) aged 3.4-7.5 yr. at diagnosis, all patients had weight loss, hyperkinetic activity, tachycardia, difficulty sleeping, and poor concentration and 11 presented with proptosis. four patients developed long-term neuropsychological problems. there was a family history in 7 cases. all patients had goiters, clinically assessed to be large and diffuse in 21%, medium-sized in 4 ... | 2007 | 17598970 |
| predicting absolute ligand binding free energies to a simple model site. | a central challenge in structure-based ligand design is the accurate prediction of binding free energies. here we apply alchemical free energy calculations in explicit solvent to predict ligand binding in a model cavity in t4 lysozyme. even in this simple site, there are challenges. we made systematic improvements, beginning with single poses from docking, then including multiple poses, additional protein conformational changes, and using an improved charge model. computed absolute binding free ... | 2007 | 17599350 |
| improved results of induction chemoradiation before surgical intervention for selected patients with stage iiia-n2 non-small cell lung cancer. | optimal management of stage iiia-n2 non-small cell lung cancer remains controversial. the surgical arm of the north american intergroup 0139 trial was adopted as the standard treatment for patients with resectable n2 disease at the university health network. results after 7 years of experience are reported. | 2007 | 17599507 |
| matrix metalloproteinase-1 (-1607) 1g/2g and -9 (-1562) c/t promoter polymorphisms: susceptibility and prognostic implications in nasopharyngeal carcinomas. | matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) are proteolytic enzymes that play important roles in tumor invasion and metastasis by degrading extracellular matrix components. genetic variations in promoter regions of mmp genes, affecting their expression, have been associated with susceptibility to cancers. the aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility and prognostic implications of the mmp-1 (-1607) 1g/2g and mmp-9 (-1562) c/t polymorphisms in nasopharyngeal carcinomas. | 2007 | 17599818 |
| short versus conventional preoperative radiotherapy of rectal cancer: indications. | preoperative radiotherapy (rt) at high-dose short-course or at conventional fractions for rectal cancer has proven effect in increasing the tumor control. the aim of this study was to test the impact of 2 different preoperative rt schemes on local recurrence, distant metastasis and survival rates and to defi ne the indications for each of them. | 2007 | 17600877 |
| a mathematical model of pituitary--thyroid interaction to provide an insight into the nature of the thyrotropin--thyroid hormone relationship. | the mathematical model proposed focuses on the description of the behavior of the interaction between thyrotropin (i.e. thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh)) and thyroid hormones with the objective of providing a better understanding of the behavior of tsh-t4 relationship in health and in disease. the normal pituitary-thyroid axis is tightly coupled and regulated with a servomechanism. in the physiological situation, any elevation of thyroid hormones will inhibit tsh secretion by the thyrotrophs of ... | 2007 | 17602707 |
| the neck of bacteriophage t4 is a ring-like structure formed by a hetero-oligomer of gp13 and gp14. | after packaging of dna into the head of bacteriophage t4 is completed, a neck is formed at the portal vertex of the head to be ready for the tail attachment. the main components of the neck are gp13 and gp14 (gp: gene product), which consist of 309 and 256 amino acid residues, respectively. in order to elucidate the structure and subunit arrangement in the neck, overexpression systems of gene 13 and gene 14 were constructed and purified to homogeneity. far-uv circular dichroism (cd) spectra of g ... | 2007 | 17602902 |
| t4 breast cancer under closer inspection: a case for revision of the tnm classification. | the presence of skin involvement in breast cancer results in the classification of the tumor into the highest tumor category, and accordingly into the highest non-metastatic disease stage (current tnm classification: t4/stage iii). this traditional view is no longer justifiable, as tumors that show non-inflammatory skin involvement (t4b) make up a considerably heterogeneous group with a high percentage of small-sized tumors. classifying all lesions demonstrating this feature together results in ... | 2007 | 17604172 |
| concurrent chemoradiotherapy for t4 patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. | concurrent chemoradiotherapy (ccr) was given for the previously untreated t4 hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients and the response and survival rates were evaluated. | 2007 | 17604583 |
| assessment of lipid, hepatic, and thyroid parameters with serum perfluorooctanoate (pfoa) concentrations in fluorochemical production workers. | perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) results in peroxisome proliferator mediated effects in rats and mice resulting in hypolipidemia but not in monkeys. counterintuitive modestly positive associations between pfoa and cholesterol levels in production workers have been inconsistently reported. the purpose of this assessment was to examine this association in male workers who manufactured or used pfoa at three facilities. | 2007 | 17605032 |
| the iaslc lung cancer staging project: proposals for the revision of the t descriptors in the forthcoming (seventh) edition of the tnm classification for lung cancer. | to propose changes in the seventh revision of the tumor, node, metastasis (tnm) classification for lung cancer. | 2007 | 17607114 |
| idiopathic spinal epidural lipomatosis without obesity: a case with relapsing and remitting course. | case report of a rare form of idiopathic spinal epidural lipomatosis (sel) manifesting with relapsing and remitting course. | 2008 | 17607308 |
| the use of non-natural nucleotides to probe template-independent dna synthesis. | the vast majority of dna polymerases use the complementary templating strand of dna to guide each nucleotide incorporation. there are instances, however, in which polymerases can efficiently incorporate nucleotides in the absence of templating information. this process, known as translesion dna synthesis, can alter the proper genetic code of an organism. to further elucidate the mechanism of template-independent dna synthesis, we monitored the incorporation of various nucleotides at the "blunt-e ... | 2007 | 17607682 |
| effects of feeding frequency on intake, ruminal fermentation, and feeding behavior in heifers fed high-concentrate diets. | four ruminally fistulated holstein heifers (bw = 385 +/- 6.2 kg) were used in a 4 x 4 latin square experiment to determine the effect of feeding frequency on intake, water consumption, ruminal fermentation, and feeding and animal behavior. the treatments consisted of different feeding frequencies: a) once daily (t1); b) twice daily (t2); c) 3 times daily (t3); and d) 4 times daily (t4). heifers were offered ad libitum access to concentrate and barley straw. feeding frequency did not affect dmi ( ... | 2007 | 17609471 |
| ecp versus puva for the treatment of cutaneous t-cell lymphoma. | extracorporeal photopheresis (ecp) and psoralen plus ultraviolet a therapy (puva) are widely accepted types of photochemotherapy used for the treatment of cutaneous t-cell lymphomas (ctcl). puva and ecp utilize a photosensitizing agent, that can be taken orally (puva) or added to the concentrated sample of white blood cells extracorporeally (ecp) prior to uva exposure. both therapies have been shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of ctcl. as a monotherapy, puva is preferentially used ... | 2007 | 17609808 |
| thyroid hormone analog, diiodothyropropionic acid (ditpa), exerts beneficial effects on chamber and cellular remodeling in cardiomyopathic hamsters. | diiodothyropropionic acid (ditpa) is a thyroid hormone analog that is currently in phase ii clinical trials. however, there have not been any studies to comprehensively analyze its effect on myocyte morphology. in addition, long-term studies with ditpa have not been done. this study compares the effects of ditpa with l-thyroxine (t4) on chamber remodeling, cardiac function, cellular morphology, cardiac blood flow, and protein expression. normal and cardiomyopathic hamsters were treated with t4 o ... | 2007 | 17612639 |
| endocrine predictors of mortality in canine babesiosis caused by babesia canis rossi. | this prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was designed to determine the association between the hormones of the pituitary-adrenal and pituitary-thyroid axes and outcome in dogs with naturally occurring babesia canis rossi babesiosis. ninety-five dogs with canine babesiosis were studied and blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein in each dog prior to treatment at admission to hospital. serum cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (acth), thyroxine, free thyroxine and thyrot ... | 2007 | 17614201 |
| incidence of congenital hypothyroidism and congenital adrenal hyperplasia at flushing hospital medical center. | newborn screening (nbs) program is a simple and inexpensive method for early detection and treatment of over forty conditions as of 2005. most cases of congenital hypothyroidism (ch) are sporadic and occurs in 1 in 3500 live births. congenital adrenal hyperplasia (cah) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders that occurs in 1 in 1600 live births. the detection of ch is determined by either low t4 and/or elevated tsh and the detection of cah is determined by elevated 17oh progesterone on guthr ... | 2007 | 17616041 |
| salvage esophagectomy after definitive chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer. | salvage esophagectomy is performed for esophageal cancer after definitive chemoradiotherapy. the clinical significance and safety of salvage surgery has not been well established. we reviewed 14 cases of salvage esophagectomy following definitive chemoradiotherapy from 1994 through 2005 and investigated complication rates and outcomes. seven of 14 cases were completely resected with salvage surgery. operation time and bleeding were greater in patients who experienced incomplete resection (r1/r2) ... | 2007 | 17617878 |
| bone densitometry in the diagnosis of vertebral fractures in children: accuracy of vertebral fracture assessment. | dxa scanner derived images of the spine are used for vertebral fracture detection in adults. it is unknown whether the method could be used in pediatrics. this study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of dxa images in vertebral fracture assessment (vfa) in children. | 2007 | 17618848 |
| histopathologic outcomes of robotic radical prostatectomy. | robotically assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of prostate cancer. we report the histopathologic and short-term psa outcomes of 500 robotic radical prostatectomies. five hundred patients underwent robotic radical prostatectomy. the procedure was performed via a six trocar transperitoneal technique. prostatectomy specimens were analyzed for tnm stage, gleason's grade, tumor location, volume, specimen weight, seminal vesicle involvemen ... | 2006 | 17619732 |
| anatomical considerations in tnm staging and therapeutical procedures for low rectal cancer. | separation of the mesoderm-derived muscular structures and the endoderm-derived structures of the hindgut and reclassification of their involvement based on their embryological origin may be of clinical importance in providing anatomical support for a more standardized perineal resection during abdominoperineal resection. the aim of this study was to utilize magnetic resonance images and histological studies of fetal and neonatal specimens to redefine the t3/t4 distinction by reassessment of the ... | 2007 | 17619888 |
| breast cancer metastasis to the stomach may mimic primary gastric cancer: report of two cases and review of literature. | the stomach is an infrequent site of breast cancer metastasis. it may prove very difficult to distinguish a breast cancer metastasis to the stomach from a primary gastric cancer on the basis of clinical, endoscopic, radiological and histopathological features. it is important to make this distinction as the basis of treatment for breast cancer metastasis to the stomach is usually with systemic therapies rather than surgery. | 2007 | 17620117 |
| postural responses during falling with rapid reach-and-grasp balance reaction in patients with motor complete paraplegia. | cross-sectional study. | 2008 | 17621310 |
| the accuracy of pedicle screw placement in thoracic spine using the funnel technique in idiopathic scoliosis. | a retrospective study of the accuracy of the pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine using the funnel technique in idiopathic scoliosis was conducted by using ct-scan analysis. | 2007 | 17621739 |
| ugt1a1*28 genotype affects the in-vitro glucuronidation of thyroxine in human livers. | l-thyroxine (t4), the most widely used drug for hypothyroidism, undergoes glucuronidation by udp-glucuronosyltransferases. clinical evidence obtained after the administration of anticonvulsants suggest that glucuronidation may play an important role in t4 homeostasis in humans. the aims of this study were to determine the t4 glucuronidation ability of all commercially available human ugts, and investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in ugt1a1 and ugt1a9 and t4 glucuronidation ... | 2007 | 17622938 |
| occult metastasis in carcinoma of oral cavity. | to determine the frequency of occult neck node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity, in particular relation to the subsite and histopathological grading, and of involvement of the level of lymph nodes in the neck in oral cavity carcinoma. | 2007 | 17623575 |
| cryo-electron microscopy study of bacteriophage t4 displaying anthrax toxin proteins. | the bacteriophage t4 capsid contains two accessory surface proteins, the small outer capsid protein (soc, 870 copies) and the highly antigenic outer capsid protein (hoc, 155 copies). as these are dispensable for capsid formation, they can be used for displaying proteins and macromolecular complexes on the t4 capsid surface. anthrax toxin components were attached to the t4 capsid as a fusion protein of the n-terminal domain of the anthrax lethal factor (lfn) with soc. the lfn-soc fusion protein w ... | 2007 | 17624389 |
| is routine bilateral neck dissection absolutely necessary in the management of n0 neck in patients with supraglottic carcinoma? | the supraglottic larynx has a rich lymphatic network that places patients with supraglottic laryngeal carcinomas at high risk for early dissemination of the disease into the cervical lymphatics. therefore, elective neck treatment of clinically n0 neck in patients with supraglottic carcinomas is widely accepted as a standard approach. however, the issue whether elective neck treatment should routinely be directed on both sides of the neck is still controversial. the present study is aimed at dete ... | 2007 | 17624539 |
| larval exposure to 4-nonylphenol and 17beta-estradiol affects physiological and behavioral development of seawater adaptation in atlantic salmon smolts. | population declines of anadromous salmonids are attributed to anthropogenic disturbances including dams, commercial and recreational fisheries, and pollutants, such as estrogenic compounds. nonylphenol (np), a xenoestrogen, is widespread in the aquatic environment due to its use in agricultural, industrial, and household products. we exposed atlantic salmon yolk-sac larvae to waterborne 10 or 100 microg l(-1) np (np-l or np-h, respectively), 2 microg l(-1) 17beta-estradiol (e2), or vehicle, for ... | 2007 | 17626455 |
| performance of turkey poults fed different doses of aflatoxins in the diet. | this work was conduced to determine the performance parameters of initial-phase turkey poults fed 7 different doses of aflatoxins in the diet. three hundred thirty-six 1-d-old male turkey poults were used in this research. turkeys were divided into 7 treatments according to aflatoxin doses (t1 = control; t2 = 20 ppb aflatoxins; t3 = 50 ppb; t4 = 100 ppb; t5 = 200 ppb; t6 = 500 ppb; t7 = 1,000 ppb). birds were killed in 2 periods: half of them after 21 d of experiment and the remaining birds afte ... | 2007 | 17626804 |
| the prevalence of autoantibodies to: myosin, troponin, tropomyosin and myoglobin in patients with circulating triiodothyronine and thyroxine autoantibodies (thaa). | anti-thyroglobulin, anti-thyroid-peroxidase and anti-tsh receptor antibodies have been observed with high frequency in autoimmune thyroid diseases. thyroid hormone auto-antibodies (thaa): anti-thyroxine (t4) and anti-triiodothyronine (t3), conversely, have been reported rarely. in both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, patients suffer from muscle weakness and function disorders. the aim of our study was the evaluation of the occurrence rate of autoantibodies targeting muscle proteins in a grou ... | 2007 | 17627259 |
| selex--a (r)evolutionary method to generate high-affinity nucleic acid ligands. | selex stands for systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. this method, described primarily in 1990 [ellington, a.d., szostak, j.w., 1990. in vitro selection of rna molecules that bind specific ligands. nature 346, 818-822; tuerk, c., gold, l., 1990. systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: rna ligands to bacteriophage t4 dna polymerase. science 249, 505-510] aims at the development of aptamers, which are oligonucleotides (rna or ssdna) binding to their target ... | 2007 | 17627883 |
| long-term outcome of radiation-based conservation therapy for invasive bladder cancer. | to report the long-term results and examine factors associated with bladder preservation, risk of relapse, and survival in patients treated with radical radiotherapy for invasive bladder cancer. | 2007 | 17628296 |
| endorectal sonography in rectal cancer staging and indication for local surgery. | radical surgery still plays a decisive role in the therapy of rectal cancer. besides classical abdominal operations, an alternative is transanal endoscopic resection of rectal tumor at t1 and t2 stages. indication for local resection of malignant rectal tumor requires an accurate preoperative staging. | 2007 | 17629048 |
| open fracture dislocation of the thoracic spine: a case report. | this injury has not been reported previously in the thoracic spine. all previous open fracture dislocations of the spine have been reported in the lumbosacral spine with three posterior and two anterior dislocations. | 2007 | 17630147 |
| study of bacteriophage t4-encoded dam dna (adenine-n6)-methyltransferase binding with substrates by rapid laser uv cross-linking. | dna methyltransferases of the dam family (including bacteriophage t4-encoded dam dna (adenine-n(6))-methyltransferase (t4dam)) catalyze methyl group transfer from s-adenosyl-l-methionine (adomet), producing s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (adohcy) and methylated adenine residues in palindromic gatc sequences. in this study, we describe the application of direct (i.e. no exogenous cross-linking reagents) laser uv cross-linking as a universal non-perturbing approach for studying the characteristics of t ... | 2007 | 17630395 |
| comparative effectiveness of carvedilol and propranolol on glycemic control and insulin resistance associated with l-thyroxin-induced hyperthyroidism--an experimental study. | the present study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of adrenergic antagonists carvedilol and propranolol on l-thyroxin-induced cardiovascular and metabolic disturbances in rats. treatment with l-thyroxin sodium (75 mg/kg body mass, s.c., every alternate day for 3 weeks), produced a significant increase in food and water intake, body temperature, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, along with an increase in serum t3, t4, and triglyceride levels. besides a significant reduction in b ... | 2007 | 17632586 |
| [beckwith-wiedemann syndrom: a case report in dakar]. | beckwith-wiedemann syndrome is a congenital syndrome with variable phenotypic expression. it is less commonly described in africa. we report a case in dakar universitary hospital center. | 2006 | 17632986 |
| [change of the chromosome conformation of human alpha-globin gene locus in transgenic mice]. | to establish chromosome conformation capture (3c) strategy and to use this method for exploring the effect of chromosome conformation on human alpha-globin gene expression in the human alpha-globin transgenic mouse. | 2007 | 17633451 |
| [relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and biological behavior in gastric carcinoma]. | to investigate the relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) and fms-like tyrosine kinase (flt-1) mrna and tumor progression, microvessel density and survival time in gastric carcinoma. | 2007 | 17633783 |
| phenotype clustering of breast epithelial cells in confocal images based on nuclear protein distribution analysis. | the distribution of chromatin-associated proteins plays a key role in directing nuclear function. previously, we developed an image-based method to quantify the nuclear distributions of proteins and showed that these distributions depended on the phenotype of human mammary epithelial cells. here we describe a method that creates a hierarchical tree of the given cell phenotypes and calculates the statistical significance between them, based on the clustering analysis of nuclear protein distributi ... | 2007 | 17634093 |
| the relationship between twitch depression and twitch fade during neuromuscular block produced by vecuronium: correlation with the release of acetylcholine. | train-of-four stimulation pattern following the administration of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs reveals fade on successive contractions. fade is caused by the release of fewer acetylcholine molecules by the fourth (a4) than by the first stimulus (a1). the current study was conducted to define the relationship between the clinically observed fade and the simulated decline in acetylcholine release (a4/a1) that would be necessary to produce it. | 2007 | 17634128 |
| management of locally advanced non small cell lung cancer from a surgical perspective. | opinion statement: stage iii, locally advanced nsclc, represents an incredibly heterogeneous group of patients. optimal therapy for this group is controversial and the role of surgery is not clearly defined. there have been several randomized trials over the past three decades that have helped to guide our decision-making. in patients with t3n1 tumors, surgery is the primary treatment and there is now evidence for the use of adjuvant chemotherapy. consensus has shown that the majority of iiib tu ... | 2007 | 17634831 |
| low triiodothyronine: a strong predictor of outcome in acute stroke patients. | low triiodothyronine (t3) has been associated with increased short-term mortality in intensive care unit patients and long-term mortality in patients with heart disease. the objective of this study was to investigate possible associations of thyroid hormone status with clinical outcome in patients admitted for acute stroke. | 2007 | 17635576 |
| thyroid dysfunction in laryngectomees-10 years after treatment. | hypothyroidism is 1 of the complications that follow treatment of various head and neck cancers. in the literature, reviews using different primary sites and differences in treatment modalities make comparison of post-treatment hypothyroidism not possible. the objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of hypothyroidism in a homogenous group of patients who were treated with total laryngectomy and irradiation for laryngeal carcinoma and to assess the importance of different variables ... | 2008 | 17636544 |
| cryotherapy for localised prostate cancer. | prostate cancer is a common cancer in elderly men and in some will prove fatal. standard treatments for localised disease include surgery ( radical prostatectomy), radiotherapy and active monitoring. new emerging therapies are being evaluated with the aim of reducing the complication rate associated with standard therapies, as well as developing an effective treatment. one such modality is cryotherapy, a procedure that introduces probes directly into the prostate tumour and kills the malignant c ... | 2007 | 17636783 |
| heritability of susceptibility to ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis of human lymphocyte subpopulations. | to evaluate the heritability of intrinsic radiosensitivity, the induction of apoptosis in lymphocyte subpopulations was determined on samples from related individuals belonging to large kindred families. | 2007 | 17637392 |
| results of surgical treatment of carcinoma of papilla of vater. | adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the ampulla, but in general, it is still rare. therefore, these tumors are difficult to study, and most reports are of retrospective design. to evaluate immediate postoperative and long-term results, we have collected data prospectively in a specially created database on 21 consecutive patients with adenocarcinoma of the papilla of vater, operated on at the department of surgery, kaunas university of medicine hospital. all patients have underg ... | 2007 | 17637516 |
| systematic review of the platysma myocutaneous flap for head and neck reconstruction. | to systematically review and quantify complication rates and to identify preoperative factors among patients who underwent platysma myocutaneous flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer. | 2007 | 17638777 |
| the significance of inadvertent splenectomy during colorectal cancer resection. | to examine the frequency, predictors, and outcomes following inadvertent splenectomy during colorectal cancer resection. | 2007 | 17638806 |
| overexpression of transketolase tktl1 is associated with shorter survival in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. | tumorigenesis involves energy production by aerobic glycolysis ("warburg effect") in malignant tumors. one of the key enzymes is transketolase. transketolase, transketolase-like-1 (tktl1), and transketolase-like-2 are known. antibodies against tktl1 exist for immunohistochemical investigations. this study investigated the influence of tktl1 on survival and metastasizing in 40 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (sccs, t2-t4, 27 metastasized). staining was assessed by an immunoreactive score (irs) ... | 2007 | 17639446 |
| c-reactive protein is an informative predictor of renal cell carcinoma-specific mortality: a european study of 313 patients. | c-reactive protein (crp) represents a promising prognostic variable in patients with sporadic renal cell carcinoma (rcc). it was hypothesized that crp can improve the prognostic ability of standard rcc-specific mortality (rcc-sm) predictors in patients treated with nephrectomy for all stages of rcc. | 2007 | 17639589 |
| [micropapillary component in lung adenocarcinoma generated in emphysema]. | we report a case of 72-year-old male of adenocarcinoma with micropapillary component of the lung. though the hilar lymph node metastasis was eminent, primary site was difficult to identify by using computed tomography (ct). suv max with positron emission (pet)-ct in the case suggested the lung cancer in the emphysematous lung and it became an operation. the pathology diagnosis of the excision lungs was t4 (pml) n1 (#10, 12u) m0 stage iiib. it was generated in emphysema, and it seemed that an ade ... | 2007 | 17642214 |
| how should we be treating children with congenital hypothyroidism? | early detection by newborn screening and appropriate l-thyroxine treatment leads to normal or near-normal neurocognitive outcome in infants with congenital hypothyroidism. many newborns with congenital hypothyroidism have some residual thyroid hormone production, and even in those with athyreosis, transplacental passage of maternal thyroid hormone offers some protection for a time. given the serum t4 half-life of 6 days, the neonatal t4 level will fall and disappear over the first 2-3 weeks of l ... | 2007 | 17642417 |
| the effect of thyroid hormones in psoriasis vulgaris. | certain endocrinological disturbances are assumed to exacerbate psoriasis. in this study we compared the serum thyroid hormone levels of a group of psoriasis patients with that of a control group. | 2004 | 17642662 |
| thyroid function and dysfunction in premature infants. | during the past four decades major advances in the management of premature infants have led to progressive reduction in mortality. during this period mortality in very low birth weight infants (vlbw, <1500 grams and <30 weeks gestation age) has decreased, and more than 50% of infants less than 24 weeks gestation age now survive, increasing the population of vlbw infants in intensive care nursery environments. thyroid function in these infants is characterized by decreased tsh and t4 responses to ... | 2007 | 17643079 |
| high-dose cisplatin concurrent to conventionally delivered radiotherapy is associated with unacceptable toxicity in unresectable, non-metastatic stage iv head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. | unresectable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (hnscc), non-metastatic, comprises a heterogeneous group of patients (pts), formed of stage iii and iv pts. since the available literature had not distinguished among these two groups, we prospectively addressed whether the recommended regimen involving cisplatin 100 mg/m2 concurrent to conventionally delivered radiotherapy (rt) is feasible in stage iv pts, based on the efficacy and safety of this regimen. a total of 30 pts were enrolled onto th ... | 2007 | 17643256 |