| choice of rotation rate for the horizontal clinostat. | a series of nine rates of rotation of the clinostat were tested to determine optimal and acceptable conditions for simulating weightlessness in plants. young seedlings of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) developed roots and coleoptiles of equal lengths and with the same orientation angles over a range of rotation rates from 0.25 to 480 minutes per revolution. rates from 0.25 to 3 minutes per revolution provided for maximal epinastic curvatures of leaves and branches of coleus blumei benth. except fo ... | 1970 | 16657466 |
| [simulation on the restoration effect of soil moisture in alfalfa (medicago sativa)-grain rotation system in semi-arid and drought-prone regions of loess plateau]. | with the combination of field survey and epic modeling, this paper simulated the restoration effect of soil moisture in different alfalfa (medicago sativa)-grain rotation systems in semi-arid and drought-prone regions of loess plateau. in perennial alfalfa field and in grain crop field after alfalfa, the correlation coefficients between the simulated and observed values of soil moisture content in 0-10 m layer were larger than 0.9 (p < 0.01), and their relative root mean square errors were betwe ... | 2011 | 21548296 |
| rna editing site recognition in heterologous plant mitochondria. | rna editing is a process that modifies the information content of mitochondrial messenger rnas in flowering plants changing specific cytosine residues into uridine. to gain insight into editing site recognition, we used electroporation to introduce engineered wheat (triticum aestivum) or potato (solanum tuberosum) mitochondrial cox2 genes, and an atp9-containing chimeric gene, into non-cognate mitochondria, and observed the efficiency of editing in these contexts. both wheat and potato mitochond ... | 2006 | 17033819 |
| electrical potentials of plant cell walls in response to the ionic environment. | electrical potentials in cell walls (psi(wall)) and at plasma membrane surfaces (psi(pm)) are determinants of ion activities in these phases. the psi(pm) plays a demonstrated role in ion uptake and intoxication, but a comprehensive electrostatic theory of plant-ion interactions will require further understanding of psi(wall). psi(wall) from potato (solanum tuberosum) tubers and wheat (triticum aestivum) roots was monitored in response to ionic changes by placing glass microelectrodes against cel ... | 2003 | 12970506 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of cdnas encoding hemoglobin from wheat (triticum aestivum) and potato (solanum tuberosum). | hemoglobins (hbs) are heme proteins encountered in all five kingdoms of living organisms. in plants, two different classes of hbs have been identified: nonsymbiotic (class i) from both monocot and dicot species and symbiotic (class ii) hbs from nitrogen-fixing plants. this work reports the cloning and analysis of three nonsymbiotic hb genes from wheat (triticum aestivum) and potato (solanum tuberosum). the hb cdnas were amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using ... | 2003 | 12787929 |
| effect of lead stress on mineral content and growth of wheat (triticum aestivum) and spinach (spinacia oleracea) seedlings. | lead (pb) is the most common heavy metal contaminant in the environment. pb is not an essential element for plants, but they absorb it when it is present in their environment, especially in rural areas when the soil is polluted by automotive exhaust and in fields contaminated with fertilizers containing heavy metal impurities. to investigate lead effects on nutrient uptake and metabolism, two plant species, spinach (spinacia oleracea) and wheat (triticum aestivum), were grown under hydroponic co ... | 2013 | 23961216 |
| protective role of a methanolic extract of spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) against pb toxicity in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings: beneficial effects for a plant of a nutraceutical used with animals. | spinach extracts contain powerful natural antioxidants and have been used to improve the response of animal cells to various stress factors. the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of a methanolic extract of spinach (se) used at two concentrations (21.7 and 217 ppm) on the growth, certain enzymes and antioxidant systems in wheat seedlings under lead stress. when wheat seedlings were grown for 7 days in a solution containing pb(no3)2 (3 mm), germination and growth were impaired, wh ... | 2013 | 23645001 |
| nonphosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is phosphorylated in wheat endosperm at serine-404 by an snf1-related protein kinase allosterically inhibited by ribose-5-phosphate. | nonphosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (np-ga3pdhase) is a cytosolic unconventional glycolytic enzyme of plant cells regulated by phosphorylation in heterotrophic tissues. after interaction with 14-3-3 proteins, the phosphorylated enzyme becomes less active and more sensitive to regulation by adenylates and inorganic pyrophosphate. here, we acknowledge that in wheat (triticum aestivum), np-ga3pdhase is specifically phosphorylated by the snrk (snf1-related) protein kinase fam ... | 2011 | 21546456 |
| regulation of sucrose and starch synthesis in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves: role of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. | fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (f26bp) is a competitive inhibitor of the cytosolic fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (cytfbpase, ec 3.1.3.11). in spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) leaves it is a significant component of the complex regulatory network that co-ordinates rates of photosynthesis, sucrose synthesis and starch synthesis. however the role of f26bp has only been studied in plants that predominantly store starch in their leaves and its role in other species is not clear. this paper examines the signif ... | 2002 | 12172849 |
| hydrophobic-cluster analysis of plant protein sequences. a domain homology between storage and lipid-transfer proteins. | hydrophobic-cluster analysis was used to characterize a conserved domain located near the c-terminal amino acid sequence of wheat (triticum aestivum) storage proteins. this domain was transformed into a linear template for a global search for similarities in over 5200 protein sequences. in addition to proteins that had already been found to exhibit homology to wheat storage proteins, a previously unreported homology was found with non-specific lipid-transfer proteins from castor bean (ricinus co ... | 1988 | 3214430 |
| copy numbers of chloroplast and nuclear genomes are proportional in mature mesophyll cells of triticum and aegilops species. | the possibility of estimating the proportion of chloroplast dna (ctdna) and nuclear dna (ndna) in nucleic-acid extracts by selective digestion with the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme psti, was tested using leaf extracts from spinacia oleracea and triticum aestivum. values of ctdna as percentage ndna were estimated to be 14.58%±0.56 (se) in s. oleracea leaves and 4.97%±0.36 (se) in t. aestivum leaves. these estimates agree well with those already reported for the same type of leaf mater ... | 1986 | 24241861 |
| isocitrate lyase in green leaves. | isocitrate lyase (ec 4.1.3.1) has been demonstrated in crude dialyzed extracts of healthy spinach (spinacia oleracea) leaves from commercial sources and wheat (triticum aestivum) and maize (zea mays) leaves stored in darkness in the cold room for 1 week. the products of the reaction were identified as glyoxylate and succinate, the former by its phenylhydrazone, and the latter traced by isotopic labeling and cochromatography. fresh spinach extracts contain a mixture of at least two endogenous inh ... | 1973 | 16658428 |
| quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis of root traits under phosphorus deficiency at the seedling stage in wheat. | deficiency of available phosphorus (p) in soil limits wheat production and creates a need to develop p-deficiency-tolerant cultivars. plant roots, important organs for absorbing nutrients and synthesizing growth regulators, are good candidates for p-efficiency screening. in this study, we evaluated five root traits under hydroponic culture conditions either with (ap) or without (np) applied p in a recombinant inbred line population h461/cm107 of <i>triticum aestivum </i>l. at the seedling stage. ... | 2018 | 29373804 |
| tissue-specific changes in apoplastic proteins and cell wall structure during cold acclimation of winter wheat crowns. | the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) crown is the critical organ of low temperature stress survival over winter. in cold-acclimated crowns, ice formation in the apoplast causes severe tissue disruption as it grows at the expense of intracellular water. while previous crown studies have shown the vascular transition zone (vtz) to have a higher freezing sensitivity than the shoot apical meristem (sam), the mechanism behind the differential freezing response is not fully understood. cooling cold-acclim ... | 2018 | 29373702 |
| cloning and characterization of a specific udp-glycosyltransferase gene induced by don and fusarium graminearum. | taugt5: can reduce the proliferation and destruction of f. graminearum and enhance the ability of fhb resistance in wheat. deoxynivalenol (don) is one of the most important toxins produced by fusarium species that enhances the spread of the pathogen in the host. as a defense, the udp-glycosyltransferase (ugt) family has been deduced to transform don into the less toxic form don-3-o-glucoside (d3g), but the specific gene member in wheat that is responsible for fusarium head blight (fhb) resistanc ... | 2018 | 29372381 |
| gc-ms metabolomics to evaluate the composition of plant cuticular waxes for four triticum aestivum cultivars. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is an important food crop, and biotic and abiotic stresses significantly impact grain yield. wheat leaf and stem surface waxes are associated with traits of biological importance, including stress resistance. past studies have characterized the composition of wheat cuticular waxes, however protocols can be relatively low-throughput and narrow in the range of metabolites detected. here, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) metabolomics methods were utilized to ... | 2018 | 29360745 |
| qtl mapping of flag leaf-related traits in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | qtl controlling flag leaf length, flag leaf width, flag leaf area and flag leaf angle were mapped in wheat. this study aimed to advance our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying morphological traits of the flag leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). a recombinant inbred line (ril) population derived from nd3331 and the tibetan semi-wild wheat zang1817 was used to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling flag leaf length (fll), flag leaf width (flw), flag leaf area (fla), ... | 2018 | 29359263 |
| an overexpressed q allele leads to increased spike density and improved processing quality in common wheat ( triticum aestivum ). | spike density and processing quality are important traits in the modern wheat production that is controlled by multiple gene loci. the associated genes have been intensively studied and new discoveries have been constantly reported during the past few decades. however, no gene playing significant roles in the development of these two traits was identified. in the current study, a common wheat mutant with extremely compact spikes and good processing quality was isolated and characterized. a new a ... | 2018 | 29358231 |
| dissection of the multigenic wheat stem rust resistance present in the montenegrin spring wheat accession pi 362698. | research to identify and characterize stem rust resistance genes in common wheat, triticum aestivum, has been stimulated by the emergence of ug99-lineage races of the wheat stem rust pathogen, puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (pgt), in eastern africa. the montenegrin spring wheat landrace pi 362698 was identified as a source of pgt resistance. this accession exhibits resistance to multiple ug99-lineage and north american pgt races at seedling and adult-plant stages. a recombinant inbred populati ... | 2018 | 29357813 |
| development of thinopyrum ponticum-specific molecular markers and fish probes based on slaf-seq technology. | based on slaf-seq, 67 thinopyrum ponticum-specific markers and eight th. ponticum-specific fish probes were developed, and these markers and probes could be used for detection of alien chromatin in a wheat background. decaploid thinopyrum ponticum (2n = 10x = 70) is a valuable gene reservoir for wheat improvement. identification of th. ponticum introgression would facilitate its transfer into diverse wheat genetic backgrounds and its practical utilization in wheat improvement. based on specific- ... | 2018 | 29356894 |
| proteomic analysis of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits and relationship with their genes in a common wheat variety. | although many studies on low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) function have been reported, a comprehensive comparison between specific genes and their protein product is still lacking. this study aimed to link the 43 genes isolated from the korean wheat variety "jokyoung" in the authors' previous study to their protein products. proteins were separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-dge) and identified by tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms) at the gene haplotype level. using ... | 2018 | 29354367 |
| on the origin of the non-brittle rachis trait of domesticated einkorn wheat. | einkorn and emmer wheat together with barley were among the first cereals domesticated by humans more than 10,000 years ago, long before durum or bread wheat originated. domesticated einkorn wheat differs from its wild progenitor in basic morphological characters such as the grain dispersal system. this study identified the non-brittle rachis 1 (btr1) and non-brittle rachis 2 (btr2) in einkorn as homologous to barley. re-sequencing of the btr1 and btr2 in a collection of 53 lines showed that a s ... | 2017 | 29354137 |
| pleiotropic effects of the wheat domestication gene q on yield and grain morphology. | transformation from q to q during wheat domestication functioned outside the boundary of threshability to increase yield, grains m-2, grain weight and roundness, but to reduce grains per spike/spikelet. mutation of the q gene, well-known affecting wheat spike structure, represents a key domestication step in the formation of today's free-threshing, economically important wheats. in a previous study, multiple yield components and spike characteristics were associated with the q gene interval in t ... | 2018 | 29353419 |
| identification and validation of a new source of low grain cadmium accumulation in durum wheat. | cadmium (cd) is a heavy metal that has no known biological function and is toxic for many living organisms. the maximum level of cd concentration allowed in the international market for wheat grain is 0.2 mg kg-1. because phenotyping for cd uptake is expensive and time consuming, molecular markers associated with genes conferring low cd uptake would expedite selection and lead to the development of durum cultivars with reduced cd concentrations. here, we identified single nucleotide polymorphism ... | 2018 | 29352079 |
| overexpression of a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) bzip transcription factor gene, tabzip6, decreased the freezing tolerance of transgenic arabidopsis seedlings by down-regulating the expression of cbfs. | the basic leucine zipper (bzip) proteins play important roles against abiotic stress in plants, including cold stress. however, most bzips involved in plant freezing tolerance are positive regulators. only a few bzips function negatively in cold stress response. in this study, tabzip6, a group c bzip transcription factor gene from common wheat (triticum aestivum l.), was cloned and characterized. the transcript of tabzip6 was strongly induced by cold treatment (4 °c). tabzip6 is a nuclear-locali ... | 2018 | 29351891 |
| genotypic effects on sugar and by-products of liquid hydrolysates and on saccharification of acid-insoluble residues of from wheat straw. | wheat straw is one of the major attractive resources for low-cost raw materials for renewable energy, biofuels and biochemicals. however, like other sources of lignocellulosic biomass, straw is a heterogeneous material due to its mixed origin from different tissue and cell types. here, to examine the genotypic effects on biorefinery usage of wheat straw, straw obtained from different wheat cultivars and experimental lines was pretreated with dilute acid. significant differences between cultivars ... | 2018 | 29343667 |
| can spelt wheat be used as heterotic group for hybrid wheat breeding? | spelt wheat is a distinct genetic group to elite bread wheat, but heterosis for yield and protein quality is too low for spelt to be recommended as heterotic group for hybrid breeding in wheat. the feasibility to switch from line to hybrid breeding is currently a hot topic in the wheat community. one limitation seems to be the lack of divergent heterotic groups within wheat adapted to a certain region. spelt wheat is a hexaploid wheat that can easily be crossed with bread wheat and that forms a ... | 2018 | 29340753 |
| correction to: improving the baking quality of bread wheat by genomic selection in early generations. | unfortunately, the co-author, dr. güngör was missed out in the authorship of original publication by mistake and it is updated now. | 2018 | 29340751 |
| genome wide identification of wheat and brachypodium type one protein phosphatases and functional characterization of durum wheat tdpp1a. | reversible phosphorylation is an essential mechanism regulating signal transduction during development and environmental stress responses. an important number of dephosphorylation events in the cell are catalyzed by type one protein phosphatases (pp1), which catalytic activity is driven by the binding of regulatory proteins that control their substrate specificity or subcellular localization. plants harbor several pp1 isoforms accounting for large functional redundancies. while animal pp1s were ... | 2018 | 29338035 |
| modulation of nonessential amino acid biosynthetic pathways in virulent hessian fly larvae (mayetiola destructor), feeding on susceptible host wheat (triticum aestivum). | compatible interactions between wheat (triticum aestivum), and its dipteran pest hessian fly (hf, mayetiola destructor) result in successful establishment of larval feeding sites rendering the host plant susceptible. virulent larvae employ an effector-based feeding strategy to reprogram the host physiology resulting in formation of a protein- and sugar-rich nutritive tissue beneficial to developing larvae. previous studies documented increased levels of nonessential amino acids (naa; that need n ... | 2018 | 29336997 |
| introgression of the aegilops speltoides su1-ph1 suppressor into wheat. | meiotic pairing between homoeologous chromosomes in polyploid wheat is inhibited by the ph1 locus on the long arm of chromosome 5 in the b genome. aegilops speltoides (genomes ss), the closest relative of the progenitor of the wheat b genome, is polymorphic for genetic suppression of ph1. using this polymorphism, two major suppressor loci, su1-ph1 and su2-ph1, have been mapped in ae. speltoides. su1-ph1 is located in the distal, high-recombination region of the long arm of the ae. speltoides chr ... | 2017 | 29326749 |
| protein association of β-n-methylamino-l-alanine in triticum aestivum via irrigation. | bioaccumulation of several cyanotoxins has been observed in numerous food webs. more recently, the neurotoxic, non-proteinogenic amino acid β-n-methylamino-l-alanine (bmaa) was shown to biomagnify in marine food webs. it was thus necessary to assess whether a human exposure risk via a terrestrial food source could exist. as shown for other cyanotoxins, spray irrigation of crop plants with cyanobacterial bloom-contaminated surface water poses the risk of toxin transfer into edible plant parts. th ... | 2018 | 29324084 |
| antidepressant-like effects of gan-mai-dazao-tang via monoamine regulatory pathways on forced swimming test in rats. | depression is a highly prevalent and recurrent mental disorder that impacts all aspects of human life. undesirable effects of the antidepressant drugs led to the development of complementary and alternative therapies. gan-mai-da-zao-tang (, gān mài dà zǎo tang) is a traditional herbal formula commonly used for the treatment of depression, but lack of scientific proof on its mechanism. it consisted of glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch. (licorice), triticum aestivum l. (wheat) and zizphus jujuba mill. ( ... | 2018 | 29321989 |
| an advanced backcross population through synthetic octaploid wheat as a "bridge": development and qtl detection for seed dormancy. | the seed dormancy characteristic is regarded as one of the most critical factors for pre-harvest sprouting (phs) resistance. as a wild wheat relative species, aegilops tauschii is a potential genetic resource for improving common wheat. in this study, an advanced backcross population (201 strains) containing only ae. tauschii segments was developed by means of synthetic octaploid wheat (hexaploid wheat zhoumai 18 × ae. tauschii t093). subsequently, seed dormancy rate (dor) in the advanced backcr ... | 2017 | 29321790 |
| marker-assisted pyramiding of thinopyrum-derived leaf rust resistance genes lr19 and lr24 in bread wheat variety hd2733. | this study was undertaken to pyramid two effective leaf rust resistance genes (lr19 and lr24) derived from thinopyrum (syn. agropyron), in the susceptible, but agronomically superior wheat cultivar hd2733 using marker-assisted selection. in the year 2001, hd2733 was released for irrigated timely sown conditions of the north eastern plains zone (nepz) of india became susceptible to leaf rust, a major disease of the region. background selection helped in developing near-isogenic lines (nils) of hd ... | 2017 | 29321354 |
| how exogenous nitric oxide regulates nitrogen assimilation in wheat seedlings under different nitrogen sources and levels. | nitrogen (n) is one of the most important nutrients for plants and nitric oxide (no) as a signaling plant growth regulator involved in nitrogen assimilation. understanding the influence of exogenous no on nitrogen metabolism at the gene expression and enzyme activity levels under different sources of nitrogen is vitally important for increasing nitrogen use efficiency (nue). this study investigated the expression of key genes and enzymes in relation to nitrogen assimilation in two australian whe ... | 2018 | 29320529 |
| comparison of microbial communities associated with halophyte (salsola stocksii) and non-halophyte (triticum aestivum) using culture-independent approaches. | halophyte microbiome contributes significantly to plant performance and can provide information regarding complex ecological processes involved in osmoregulation of these plants. the objective of this study is to investigate the microbiomes associated with belowground (rhizosphere), internal (endosphere) and aboveground (phyllosphere) tissues of halophyte (salsola stocksii) through metagenomics approach. plant samples were collected from khewra salt mines. the metagenomic dna from soil, root and ... | 2017 | 29319512 |
| developmental responses of bread wheat to changes in ambient temperature following deletion of a locus that includes flowering locus t1. | flowering locus t (ft) is a central integrator of environmental signals that regulates the timing of vegetative to reproductive transition in flowering plants. in model plants, these environmental signals have been shown to include photoperiod, vernalization and ambient temperature pathways, whilst in crop species the integration of the ambient temperature pathway remains less well understood. in hexaploid wheat, at least 5 ft-like genes have been identified, each with a copy on the a, b and d g ... | 2018 | 29314053 |
| chromosome pairing in hybrid progeny between triticum aestivum and elytrigia elongata. | in this study, the intergeneric hybrids f1, f2, bc1f1, bc1f2, and bc2f1 from elytrigia elongata and triticum aestivum crosses were produced to study their chromosome pairing behavior. the average e. elongata chromosome configuration of the two f1 hybrids agreed with the theoretical chromosome configuration of 21i+7ii, indicating that the genomic constitution of this f1 hybrid was abdststeeebex. compared with the bc1f1 generation, the bc2f1 generation showed a rapid decrease in the number of e. e ... | 2017 | 29312403 |
| genetic diversity, population structure and ancestral origin of australian wheat. | since the introduction of wheat into australia by the first fleet settlers, germplasm from different geographical origins has been used to adapt wheat to the australian climate through selection and breeding. in this paper, we used 482 cultivars, representing the breeding history of bread wheat in australia since 1840, to characterize their diversity and population structure and to define the geographical ancestral background of australian wheat germplasm. this was achieved by comparing them to ... | 2017 | 29312381 |
| characterization of qtls for root traits of wheat grown under different nitrogen and phosphorus supply levels. | root is important in acquiring nutrients from soils. developing marker-assisted selection for wheat root traits can help wheat breeders to select roots desirable for efficient acquisition of nutrients. a recombinant inbred line (ril) population derived from wheat varieties xiaoyan 54 and jing 411 was used to detect qtls for maximum root length and root dry weight (rdw) under control, low nitrogen and low phosphorus conditions in hydrophobic culture (hc). we totally detected 17 qtls for the inves ... | 2017 | 29312372 |
| hyperspectral reflectance as a tool to measure biochemical and physiological traits in wheat. | improving photosynthesis to raise wheat yield potential has emerged as a major target for wheat physiologists. photosynthesis-related traits, such as nitrogen per unit leaf area (narea) and leaf dry mass per area (lma), require laborious, destructive, laboratory-based methods, while physiological traits underpinning photosynthetic capacity, such as maximum rubisco activity normalized to 25 °c (vcmax25) and electron transport rate (j), require time-consuming gas exchange measurements. the aim of ... | 2018 | 29309611 |
| chemical hybridizing agent sq-1-induced male sterility in triticum aestivum l.: a comparative analysis of the anther proteome. | heterosis is widely used to increase the yield of many crops. however, as wheat is a self-pollinating crop, hybrid breeding is not so successful in this organism. even though male sterility induced by chemical hybridizing agents is an important aspect of crossbreeding, the mechanisms by which these agents induce male sterility in wheat is not well understood. | 2018 | 29304738 |
| a purified, fermented, extract of triticum aestivum has lymphomacidal activity mediated via natural killer cell activation. | non-hodgkin lymphoma (nhl) affects over 400,000 people in the united states; its incidence increases with age. treatment options are numerous and expanding, yet efficacy is often limited by toxicity, particularly in the elderly. nearly 70% patients eventually die of the disease. many patients explore less toxic alternative therapeutics proposed to boost anti-tumor immunity, despite a paucity of rigorous scientific data. here we evaluate the lymphomacidal and immunomodulatory activities of a prot ... | 2018 | 29304125 |
| leaf-gp: an open and automated software application for measuring growth phenotypes for arabidopsis and wheat. | plants demonstrate dynamic growth phenotypes that are determined by genetic and environmental factors. phenotypic analysis of growth features over time is a key approach to understand how plants interact with environmental change as well as respond to different treatments. although the importance of measuring dynamic growth traits is widely recognised, available open software tools are limited in terms of batch image processing, multiple traits analyses, software usability and cross-referencing ... | 2017 | 29299051 |
| oxidative stress defence responses of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and chilli (capsicum annum l.) cultivars grown under textile effluent fertilization. | oxidative stress is complex physiological phenomenon that accompanies virtually in all stresses including either the deficiency or the surplus of micronutrients in the soil. in response to reactive oxygen species (ros) generation, plants use a range of mechanisms to minimize the toxicity and protect cell membranes from damage. there are known reports indicating that effluents from the textile industry can serve as a micronutrient supplier under otherwise limited conditions. however, the addition ... | 2017 | 29294440 |
| molecular and cytogenetic characterization of the 5ds-5bs chromosome translocation conditioning soft kernel texture in durum wheat. | the durum wheat ( ssp. (desf.) husn.) cultivar soft svevo with a soft kernel texture was developed through a -mediated homoeologous 5ds-5bs chromosomal translocation. the soft kernel trait ( locus) derived from chromosome 5d of the common wheat ( l.) cultivar chinese spring. soft svevo was used as the donor parent to create near-isogenic soft durum germplasm. the size of the translocation, its estimated breakpoint, and the amount of chromosome 5bs translocated, if any, remain unknown. four near- ... | 2017 | 29293810 |
| genome targeted introgression of resistance to african stem rust from aegilops sharonensis into bread wheat. | many accessions of the wheat wild relative sharon goatgrass ( eig., ) are resistant to african races of the stem rust pathogen (i.e., ug99 group races), which currently threaten wheat production worldwide. a procedure was designed to introgress the respective resistances to specific bread wheat genomes by producing plants homozygous for the a and b genomes and hemizygous for the d and s genomes or homozygous for the a and d genomes and hemizygous for the b and s genomes. in these genotypes, whic ... | 2017 | 29293809 |
| fluorescence in situ hybridization karyotyping reveals the presence of two distinct genomes in the taxon aegilops tauschii. | aegilops tauschii is the donor of the bread wheat d genome. based on spike morphology, the taxon has conventionally been subdivided into ssp. tauschii and ssp. strangulata. the present study was intended to address the poor match between this whole plant morphology-based subdivision and genetic relationships inferred from genotyping by fluorescence in situ hybridization karyotyping a set of 31 ae. tauschii accessions. | 2018 | 29291709 |
| functional and dna-protein binding studies of wrky transcription factors and their expression analysis in response to biotic and abiotic stress in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | wrky, a plant-specific transcription factor family, plays vital roles in pathogen defense, abiotic stress, and phytohormone signalling. little is known about the roles and function of wrky transcription factors in response to rust diseases in wheat. in the present study, three tawrky genes encoding complete protein sequences were cloned. they belonged to class ii and iii wrky based on the number of wrky domains and the pattern of zinc finger structures. twenty-two dna-protein binding docking com ... | 2018 | 29291153 |
| glycomyces tritici sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and emended description of the genus glycomyces. | a novel actinomycete strain, designated neau-c2t, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of this strain were consistent with the description of the genus glycomyces. growth was found to occur at a temperature range of 15-40 °c, ph 6-10 and nacl concentrations of 0-4%. the cell wall was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole cell sugars were identified as galact ... | 2017 | 29289993 |
| development and validation of abiotic ligand model for nickel toxicity to wheat (triticum aestivum). | a terrestrial biotic ligand model (t-blm) was developed to predict nickel toxicity to wheat (triticum aestivum) root elongation in hydroponic solutions. the competitive effects of five major cations (ca2+, mg2+, na+, k+ and h+) on ni toxicity were investigated and mg2+was found to be a strong competitor, while h+ showed less competing effect. besides free ni2+, the toxicity induced by the species nihco3+ was non-neglect able at ph>7 because nihco3+ occupied a significant fraction of total ni und ... | 2017 | 29289288 |
| silicon alleviates cadmium toxicity in wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l.) by reducing cadmium ion uptake and enhancing antioxidative capacity. | cadmium (cd) is a toxic element that poses a great threat to human health, while silicon (si) is a beneficial element and has been shown to have a mitigation effect on plants under cd toxicity. however, the mechanisms underlying the role of si in alleviating cd toxicity are still poorly understood in wheat. therefore, growth status, photosynthesis parameters, root morphology, antioxidant system, and cd2+ uptake and flux under cd toxicity were studied through hydroponic experiment, aiming to expl ... | 2017 | 29285697 |
| genome-wide association study and genetic diversity analysis on nitrogen use efficiency in a central european winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) collection. | to satisfy future demands, the increase of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) yield is inevitable. simultaneously, maintaining high crop productivity and efficient use of nutrients, especially nitrogen use efficiency (nue), are essential for sustainable agriculture. nue and its components are inherently complex and highly influenced by environmental factors, nitrogen management practices and genotypic variation. therefore, a better understanding of their genetic basis and regulation is fundamental. to ... | 2017 | 29283996 |
| impact of sensor-controlled variable-rate fungicide application on yield, senescence and disease occurrence in winter wheat fields. | field experiments related to target-oriented variable-rate fungicide spraying were performed in 2015 and 2016. the spray volume was adapted in real time to the local green coverage level of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), which was detected by a camera sensor. | 2017 | 29283495 |
| the nb-lrr gene pm60 confers powdery mildew resistance in wheat. | powdery mildew is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat. to date, few powdery mildew resistance genes have been cloned from wheat due to the size and complexity of the wheat genome. triticum urartu is the progenitor of the a genome of wheat and is an important source for powdery mildew resistance genes. using molecular markers designed from scaffolds of the sequenced t. urartu accession and standard map-based cloning, a powdery mildew resistance locus was mapped to a 356-kb region, which ... | 2017 | 29281751 |
| different biotransformation behaviors of perfluorooctane sulfonamide in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) from earthworms (eisenia fetida). | perfluorooctane sulfonamide (pfosa) is a precursor of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (pfos) and can be broken down to pfos in environment and biota. in the present work, pfosa was spiked in soil and its biodegradation in soil, uptake and metabolism in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and earthworms (eisenia fetida) were investigated. the results indicated that pfosa could be biodegraded to highly stable pfos, which has the same perfluorinated carbon chain length as pfosa, by microbes in soil. pfosa c ... | 2018 | 29275108 |
| physiological and transcriptomic analyses of a yellow-green mutant with high photosynthetic efficiency in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | optimizing the antenna size by reducing the chlorophyll (chl) content is an effective strategy to improve solar energy conversion efficiencies in dense crop monocultures. to elucidate the physiological and molecular mechanisms that regulate chl biosynthesis and understand the effects of lower chl content on the photosynthetic process, a light-intensity-dependent yellow-green wheat mutant (jimai5265yg) was characterized to determine its morphological, histological, physiological, and transcriptio ... | 2017 | 29270875 |
| smoke produced from plants waste material elicits growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by improving morphological, physiological and biochemical activity. | the experimental work presented in this study was carried out with the hypothesis that plant derived smoke enhanced the morphological, physiological and biochemical attributes of a cereal crop, wheat (triticum aestivum l.). furthermore, this study supported the hypothesis that plant derived smoke acts as vegetative growth promoter, inexpensive, rapid and most appropriate eco-friendly bio-fertilizer for sustainable agriculture. plant derived smoke was generated by burning of plant material (leaf, ... | 2018 | 29270367 |
| mapping of quantitative trait loci for grain yield and its components in a us popular winter wheat tam 111 using 90k snps. | stable quantitative trait loci (qtl) are important for deployment in marker assisted selection in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and other crops. we reported qtl discovery in wheat using a population of 217 recombinant inbred lines and multiple statistical approach including multi-environment, multi-trait and epistatic interactions analysis. we detected nine consistent qtl linked to different traits on chromosomes 1a, 2a, 2b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b and 7a. grain yield qtl were detected on chromosomes 2b.1 ... | 2017 | 29267314 |
| evolutionary history of the nam-b1 gene in wild and domesticated tetraploid wheat. | the nam-b1 gene in wheat has for almost three decades been extensively studied and utilized in breeding programs because of its significant impact on grain protein and mineral content and pleiotropic effects on senescence rate and grain size. first detected in wild emmer wheat, the wild-type allele of the gene has been introgressed into durum and bread wheat. later studies have, however, also found the presence of the wild-type allele in some domesticated subspecies. in this study we trace the e ... | 2017 | 29262777 |
| de novo assembly and comparative analysis of the transcriptome of embryogenic callus formation in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | during asexual reproduction the embryogenic callus can differentiate into a new plantlet, offering great potential for fostering in vitro culture efficiency in plants. the immature embryos (imes) of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) are more easily able to generate embryogenic callus than mature embryos (mes). to understand the molecular process of embryogenic callus formation in wheat, de novo transcriptome sequencing was used to generate transcriptome sequences from calli derived from imes and mes ... | 2017 | 29258440 |
| production and molecular characterization of bread wheat lines with reduced amount of α-type gliadins. | among wheat gluten proteins, the α-type gliadins are the major responsible for celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder that affects about 1% of the world population. in fact, these proteins contain several toxic and immunogenic epitopes that trigger the onset of the disease. the α-type gliadins are a multigene family, encoded by genes located at the complex gli-2 loci. | 2017 | 29258439 |
| inferring defense-related gene families in arabidopsis and wheat. | a large number of disease resistance genes or qtls in crop plants are identified through conventional genetics and genomic tools, but their functional or molecular characterization remains costly, labor-intensive and inaccurate largely due to the lack of deep sequencing of large and complex genomes of many important crops such as allohexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). on the other hand, gene annotation and relevant genomic resources for disease resistance and other defense-related traits ar ... | 2017 | 29258426 |
| aetmyc1, the candidate gene controlling the red coleoptile trait in aegilops tauschii coss. accession as77. | the red coleoptile trait can help monocotyledonous plants withstand stresses, and key genes responsible for the trait have been isolated from triticum aestivum, triticum urartu, and triticum monococcum, but no corresponding research has been reported for aegilops tauschii. in this research, transcriptome analysis was performed to isolate the candidate gene controlling the white coleoptile trait in ae. tauschii. there were 5348 upregulated, differentially-expressed genes (degs) and 4761 downregul ... | 2017 | 29258257 |
| a novel wheat nac transcription factor, tanac30, negatively regulates resistance of wheat to stripe rust. | nac transcription factors are widespread in the plant kingdom and play essential roles in the transcriptional regulation of defense responses. in this study, we isolated a novel nac transcription factor gene, tanac30, from a cdna library constructed from wheat (triticum aestivum) plants inoculated with the stripe rust pathogen puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst). tanac30 contains a typical nam domain and localizes to the nucleus. yeast one-hybrid assays revealed that tanac30 exhibits trans ... | 2017 | 29251427 |
| à côté calibration - making optimal use of time and space in quantitative high performance thin layer chromatography. | quantitative high performance thin layer chromatography (hptlc) requires the application of several standards to each plate, reducing the number of actual samples that can be analyzed in a single run. using pure standard compounds and a selective detection method, the standards for quantitation can be applied besides - à côté - the chromatography area. this frees the sample application space to accommodate the maximal number of sample on each plate. also, analysis time is spent exclusively on sa ... | 2018 | 29249535 |
| identifying potential molecular factors involved in bacillus amyloliquefaciens 5113 mediated abiotic stress tolerance in wheat. | abiotic stressors are main limiting factors for agricultural production around the world. plant growth-promoting bacteria have been successfully used to improve abiotic stress tolerance in several crops including wheat. however, the molecular changes involved in the improvement of stress management are poorly understood. the present investigation addressed some molecular factors involved in bacterially induced plant abiotic stress responses by identifying differentially expressed genes in wheat ... | 2017 | 29247572 |
| application of a partitioning procedure based on rao quadratic entropy index to characterize the temporal evolution of in situ varietal and genetic diversity of bread wheat in france over the period 1981-2006. | we present and highlight a partitioning procedure based on the rao quadratic entropy index to assess temporal in situ inter-annual varietal and genetic changes of crop diversity. for decades, western-european agroecosystems have undergone profound changes, among which a reduction of crop genetic diversity. these changes have been highlighted in numerous studies, but no unified partitioning procedure has been proposed to compute the inter-annual variability in both varietal and genetic diversity. ... | 2017 | 29247257 |
| qtl analysis of falling number and seed longevity in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | pre-harvest sprouting (phs) and seed longevity (sl) are complex biological processes of major importance for agricultural production. in the present study, a recombinant inbred line (ril) population derived from a cross between the german winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars history and rubens was used to identify genetic factors controlling these two physiological seed traits. a falling number (fn) test was employed to evaluate phs, while sl was measured using a germination test (and t ... | 2017 | 29238920 |
| effect of the winter wheat cheyenne 5a substituted chromosome on dynamics of abscisic acid and cytokinins in freezing-sensitive chinese spring genetic background. | the effect of short- and long-term cold treatment on the abscisic acid (aba) and cytokinin (ck) metabolism, and their main biosynthesis- and signaling-related genes were investigated in freezing-sensitive and freezing-tolerant wheat genotypes. varieties cheyenne and chinese spring substituted with the 5a cheyenne chromosome, which represented freezing-tolerant genotypes, were compared with the freezing-sensitive chinese spring. hormone levels and gene expression data indicated that the short- an ... | 2017 | 29238355 |
| putative microsatellite dna marker-based wheat genomic resource for varietal improvement and management. | wheat fulfills 20% of global caloric requirement. world needs 60% more wheat for 9 billion population by 2050 but climate change with increasing temperature is projected to affect wheat productivity adversely. trait improvement and management of wheat germplasm requires genomic resource. simple sequence repeats (ssrs) being highly polymorphic and ubiquitously distributed in the genome, can be a marker of choice but there is no structured marker database with options to generate primer pairs for ... | 2017 | 29234333 |
| comparative assessment of chloroplast transcriptional responses highlights conserved and unique patterns across triticeae members under salt stress. | chloroplast functional genomics, in particular understanding the chloroplast transcriptional response is of immense importance mainly due to its role in oxygenic photosynthesis. as a photosynthetic unit, its efficiency and transcriptional activity is directly regulated by reactive oxygen species during abiotic and biotic stress and subsequently affects carbon assimilation, and plant biomass. in crops, understanding photosynthesis is crucial for crop domestication by identifying the traits that c ... | 2017 | 29230609 |
| a cbl-interacting protein kinase tacipk27 confers drought tolerance and exogenous aba sensitivity in transgenic arabidopsis. | drought is one of the major environmental stresses to plants. the calcium sensor, calcineurin b-like (cbl) proteins, and their interacting protein kinases (cipk) play important roles in responding to abiotic stresses. in this study, we functionally characterized a cipk gene from triticum aestivum designated tacipk27. the transcriptional levels of tacipk27 were increased both in roots and leaves after treatment with polyethylene glycol 8000, abscisic acid and h2o2. besides, tacipk27 interacted wi ... | 2017 | 29227949 |
| overexpression of tawrky146 increases drought tolerance through inducing stomatal closure in arabidopsis thaliana. | as a superfamily of transcription factors, the tryptophan-arginine-lysine-tyrosine (wrky) transcription factors have been found to be essential for abiotic and biotic stress responses in plants. currently, only 76 wrky transcription factors in wheat could be identified in the ncbi database, among which only a few have been functionally analyzed. herein, a total of 188 wrky transcription factors were identified from the wheat genome database, which included 123 full-length coding sequences, and a ... | 2017 | 29225611 |
| high-definition infrared thermography of ice nucleation and propagation in wheat under natural frost conditions and controlled freezing. | an extremely high resolution infrared camera demonstrated various freezing events in wheat under natural conditions. many of those events shed light on years of misunderstanding regarding freezing in small grains. infrared thermography has enhanced our knowledge of ice nucleation and propagation in plants through visualization of the freezing process. the majority of infrared analyses have been conducted under controlled conditions and often on individual organs instead of whole plants. in the p ... | 2017 | 29224121 |
| a wheat myb transcriptional repressor tamyb1d regulates phenylpropanoid metabolism and enhances tolerance to drought and oxidative stresses in transgenic tobacco plants. | myb transcription factors are involved in the regulation of plant development and response to biotic and abiotic stress. in this study, tamyb1d, a novel subgroup 4 gene of the r2r3-myb subfamily, was cloned from wheat (triticum aestivum l.). tamyb1d was localized in the nucleus and functioned as a transcriptional repressor. the overexpression of tamyb1d in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) plants repressed the expression of genes related to phenylpropanoid metabolism and down-regulated the accumulatio ... | 2017 | 29223332 |
| characterization of the cct family and analysis of gene expression in aegilops tauschii. | flowering is crucial for reproductive success in flowering plant. the cct domain-containing genes widely participate in the regulation of flowering process in various plant species. so far, the cct family in common wheat is largely unknown. here, we characterized the structure, organization, molecular evolution and expression of the cct genes in aegilops tauschii, which is the d genome donor of hexaploid wheat. twenty-six cct genes (aetcct) were identified from the full genome of a. tauschii and ... | 2017 | 29220383 |
| multi-walled carbon nanotubes applied through seed-priming influence early germination, root hair, growth and yield of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | reports of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) incorporated into plants have indicated better yield and productivity, yet the phenomena need in-depth understanding especially when agricultural crops are tested. we primed wheat seeds with mwcnts to understand the effects on germination, growth, anatomy, physiology and yield. | 2017 | 29220088 |
| genetic analysis of multi-environmental spring wheat trials identifies genomic regions for locus-specific trade-offs for grain weight and grain number. | gwas on multi-environment data identified genomic regions associated with trade-offs for grain weight and grain number. grain yield (gy) can be dissected into its components thousand grain weight (tgw) and grain number (gn), but little has been achieved in assessing the trade-off between them in spring wheat. in the present study, the wheat association mapping initiative (wami) panel of 287 elite spring bread wheat lines was phenotyped for gy, gn, and tgw in ten environments across different whe ... | 2017 | 29218375 |
| location, root proximity, and glyphosate-use history modulate the effects of glyphosate on fungal community networks of wheat. | glyphosate is the most-used herbicide worldwide and an essential tool for weed control in no-till cropping systems. however, concerns have been raised regarding the long-term effects of glyphosate on soil microbial communities. we examined the impact of repeated glyphosate application on bulk and rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wheat grown in four soils representative of the dryland wheat production region of eastern washington, usa. further, using soils from paired fields, we contrasted ... | 2017 | 29218372 |
| genetic classification of <i>aegilops columnaris </i>zhuk. (2n=4x=28, u<sup>c</sup>u<sup>c</sup>x<sup>c</sup>x<sup>c</sup>) chromosomes based on fish analysis and substitution patterns in common wheat x <i>ae. columnaris </i>introgressive lines. | <i>aegilops columnaris</i> is tetraploid <i>aegilops</i> species originated from <i>ae. umbellulata </i>(2n=2x=14, uu) and yet unknown diploid grass species. although <i>ae. columnaris </i>possesses some agronomically valuable traits, such as heat and drought tolerance, resistance to pests, it has never been used in wheat breeding due to difficulties of hybrid production and lack of information on the relationships between <i>ae. columnaris </i>and common wheat chromosomes. in this paper we repo ... | 2017 | 29216443 |
| introgression of aegilops speltoides segments in triticum aestivum and the effect of the gametocidal genes. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum) has been through a severe genetic bottleneck as a result of its evolution and domestication. it is therefore essential that new sources of genetic variation are generated and utilized. this study aimed to generate genome-wide introgressed segments from aegilops speltoides. introgressions generated from this research will be made available for phenotypic analysis. | 2017 | 29216335 |
| effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on morphogenetic activity in wheat somatic calluses. | we evaluated the effect of lipopolysaccharides from the plant-growth-promoting associative bacterium azospirillum brasilense sp245 and from the enteric bacterium escherichia coli k12 on the morphogenic potential of in vitro-growing somatic calluses of soft spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. saratovskaya 29). a genetic model was used that included two near-isogenic lines of t. aestivum l. cv. saratovskaya 29 with different embryogenic capacities; one of these lines carries the rht-b1 dwarfing ... | 2017 | 29204736 |
| unfertilized ovary pushes wheat flower open for cross-pollination. | bread wheat is strongly autogamous; however, an opportunity for outcrossing occurs when self-pollination fails and florets open. the first phase of floret opening at anthesis is short and induced by lodicule turgidity. some wheat florets re-open post-anthesis for several days, known as the 'second opening', for which the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. we performed detailed physiological, anatomical, and histological investigations to understand the biological basis of the flower open ... | 2018 | 29202197 |
| dataset of the hox1 gene sequences of the wheat polyploids and their diploid relatives. | the tahox-1 gene of common wheat triticum aestivum l. (bad-genome) encodes transcription factor (hd-zip i) which is characterized by the presence of a dna-binding homeodomain (hd) with an adjacent leucine zipper (lz) motif. this gene can play a role in adapting plant to a variety of abiotic stresses, such as drought, cold, salinity etc., which strongly affect wheat production. however, it's both functional role in stress resistance and divergence during wheat evolution has not yet been elucidate ... | 2018 | 29201982 |
| genetic impact of rht dwarfing genes on grain micronutrients concentration in wheat. | wheat is a major staple food crop providing about 20% of dietary energy and proteins, and food products made of whole grain wheat are a major source of micronutrients like zinc (zn), iron (fe), manganese (mn), magnesium (mg), vitamin b and e. wheat provides about 40% intake of essential micronutrients by humans in the developing countries relying on wheat based diets. varieties with genetically enhanced levels of grain micronutrient concentrations can provide a cost-effective and sustainable opt ... | 2017 | 29200604 |
| advantages and limitations of multiple-trait genomic prediction for fusarium head blight severity in hybrid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | predictabilities for wheat hybrids less related to the estimation set were improved by shifting from single- to multiple-trait genomic prediction of fusarium head blight severity. breeding for improved fusarium head blight resistance (fhbr) of wheat is a very laborious and expensive task. fhbr complexity is mainly due to its highly polygenic nature and because fhb severity (fhbs) is greatly influenced by the environment. associated traits plant height and heading date may provide additional info ... | 2017 | 29198016 |
| suppression of wheat tacdk8/tawin1 interaction negatively affects germination of blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici by interfering with very-long-chain aldehyde biosynthesis. | wheat tacdk8 interacts with tawin1 to regulate very-long-chain aldehyde biosynthesis required for efficient germination of blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici. powdery mildew caused by blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (bgt) is a devastating disease of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). bgt infection initiates with its conidia germination on the aerial surface of wheat. in this study, we isolated the cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (tacdk8) from wheat cultivar jing411 and found that silencing of tacdk8 im ... | 2018 | 29197938 |
| virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) in aegilops tauschii and its use in functional analysis of aetdreb2. | among the available reverse genetic approaches for studying gene function, virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) has several advantages. it allows rapid characterization of gene function independent of stable transformation, which is basically difficult to achieve in monocots, and offers the potential to silence individual or multiple genes of a gene family. in order to establish a vigs system in aegilops tauschii, modified vectors derived from barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv) were used for silen ... | 2018 | 29196985 |
| differentiation of modern and ancient varieties of common wheat by quantitative capillary electrophoretic profile of phenolic acids. | phenolic compounds have received great attention among the health promoting phytochemicals in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.), mainly because of their strong antioxidant properties. in the present study a simple capillary zone electrophoresis (cze) method with uv detection was optimized and validated for the quantitation of six of the most important phenolic acids in whole grain i.e., sinapic, ferulic, syringic, p-coumaric, vanillic and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. the separation was achieved in a ... | 2018 | 29195662 |
| overexpression of the class i homeodomain transcription factor tahdzipi-5 increases drought and frost tolerance in transgenic wheat. | characterization of the function of stress-related genes helps to understand the mechanisms of plant responses to environmental conditions. the findings of this work defined the role of the wheat tahdzipi-5 gene, encoding a stress-responsive homeodomain-leucine zipper class i (hd-zip i) transcription factor, during the development of plant tolerance to frost and drought. strong induction of tahdzipi-5 expression by low temperatures, and the elevated tahdzipi-5 levels of expression in flowers and ... | 2017 | 29193733 |
| nitrogen use efficiency is regulated by interacting proteins relevant to development in wheat. | wheat (triticum aestivum) has low nitrogen use efficiency (nue). the genetic mechanisms controlling nue are unknown. positional cloning of a major quantitative trait locus for n-related agronomic traits showed that the vernalization gene tavrn-a1 was tightly linked with tanue1, the gene shown to influence nue in wheat. because of an ala180 /val180 substitution, tavrn-a1a and tavrn-a1b proteins interact differentially with taanr1, a protein encoded by a wheat orthologue of arabidopsis nitrate reg ... | 2017 | 29193541 |
| the infection and impact of azorhizobium caulinodans ors571 on wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | based on our previous study, cereal crop wheat (triticum aestivum l.) could be infected by rhizobia azorhizobium caulinodans ors571, and form para-nodules with the induction of 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a common plant growth regulator. to enhance this infection and the potential agricultural application, we compared six different infection methods (direct seed dip; seed germination dip; pruned-root dip; foliar spray; circum-soil dip; seed dip and circum-soil dip) for achieving the high eff ... | 2017 | 29190702 |
| combined genomic and genetic data integration of major agronomical traits in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the high resolution integration of bread wheat genetic and genomic resources accumulated during the last decades offers the opportunity to unveil candidate genes driving major agronomical traits to an unprecedented scale. we combined 27 public quantitative genetic studies and four genetic maps to deliver an exhaustive consensus map consisting of 140,315 molecular markers hosting 221, 73, and 82 quantitative trait loci (qtl) for respectively yield, baking quality, and grain protein content (gpc) ... | 2017 | 29184557 |
| genotyping-by-sequencing derived high-density linkage map and its application to qtl mapping of flag leaf traits in bread wheat. | winter wheat parents 'harry' (drought tolerant) and 'wesley' (drought susceptible) were used to develop a recombinant inbred population with future goals of identifying genomic regions associated with drought tolerance. to precisely map genomic regions, high-density linkage maps are a prerequisite. in this study genotyping-by- sequencing (gbs) was used to construct the high-density linkage map. the map contained 3,641 markers distributed on 21 chromosomes and spanned 1,959 cm with an average dis ... | 2017 | 29180623 |
| exploring the genetics of fertility restoration controlled by rf1 in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using high-density linkage maps. | hybrid wheat breeding has the potential to significantly increase wheat productivity compared to line breeding. the induction of male sterility by the cytoplasm of triticum timopheevii zhuk. is a widely discussed approach to ensure cross-pollination between parental inbred lines in hybrid wheat seed production. as fertility restoration in hybrids with this cytoplasm is often incomplete, understanding the underlying genetics is a prerequisite to apply this technology. a promising component for fe ... | 2017 | 29177892 |
| structural variations in wheat hkt1;5 underpin differences in na+ transport capacity. | an important trait associated with the salt tolerance of wheat is the exclusion of sodium ions (na+) from the shoot. we have previously shown that the sodium transporters tmhkt1;5-a and tahkt1;5-d, from triticum monoccocum (tm) and triticum aestivum (ta), are encoded by genes underlying the major shoot na+-exclusion loci nax1 and kna1, respectively. here, using heterologous expression, we show that the affinity (k m) for the na+ transport of tmhkt1;5-a, at 2.66 mm, is higher than that of tahkt1; ... | 2017 | 29177534 |
| the sensitivity of soil enzymes, microorganisms and spring wheat to soil contamination with carfentrazone-ethyl. | herbicides pose a significant threat to the natural environment, in particular in soils that are most exposed to plant protection agents. prolonged herbicide use leads to changes in soil metabolism and decreases soil productive potential. in this study, the influence of carfentrazone-ethyl (ce) on the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil and the yield of triticum aestivum l. was evaluated. carfentrazone-ethyl was applied to sandy loam (phkcl - 7.0) in doses of 0.000, 0.264, 5.280, ... | 2018 | 29172968 |
| site-specific transfer of chromosomal segments and genes in wheat engineered chromosomes. | recently, engineered minichromosomes have been produced using a telomere-mediated truncation technique in some plants. however, the study on transferring genes to minichromosomes is very limited. here, telomere-mediated truncation was successfully performed in common wheat (triticum aestivum) to generate stable truncated chromosomes accompanied by a relatively high frequency of chromosomal rearrangements. after the cross between transgenic parents, a promoter-less dsred gene in a chromosome from ... | 2017 | 29169922 |