| biochemical polymorphisms in south african freshwater fish. isoenzyme patterns in fish of the families cyprinidae and salmonidae. | isoenzyme patterns were studied in local populations of the carp (cyprinus carpio) and the bream (sarotherodon mossambicus) of the cyprinid family, and in the trout (salmo giardneri) of the family salmonidae. homogenates of heart muscle extracts were used in the identification of pgi, nadp-idh, pgm and 6-pgd. polymorphisms found and gene frequencies obtained are discussed separately for each enzyme and species or population. in the bream, variation was found only at the pgi locus. in the carp on ... | 1982 | 6214975 |
| [protein functional groups of the ova in the roach and carp-bream of varying degrees of maturity]. | the black sea roach and carp-bream eggs of different degree of maturity differ from each other by the content of sh-, s--s-groups of proteins and non-protein low molecular weight thiol compounds. definite differences were found in the optical density of soluble proteins and degree of ionization of their side groups. | 1979 | 481851 |
| expression of warm temperature acclimation-related protein 65-kda (wap65) mrna, and physiological changes with increasing water temperature in black porgy, acanthopagrus schlegeli. | we isolated the warm temperature acclimation-related protein 65-kda (wap65) cdna from the liver of black porgy and investigated the expression by increasing water temperature in black porgy, acanthopagrus schlegeli. black porgy wap65 full-length cdna consists of 1,338 nucleotides, including an open reading frame, predicted to encode a protein of 425 amino acids and showed high homology to pufferfish (79%), medaka (73%), carp (70%), and goldfish (68%) wap65. increase in water temperature (20 degr ... | 2008 | 18273879 |
| somatotropic regulation of fish growth and adiposity: growth hormone (gh) and somatolactin (sl) relationship. | growth hormone (gh) and insulin-like growth factors (igfs) play a major role in fish development and metabolism, and several studies have allowed discernment of a complex and tissue-specific collection of salmonid igf-i transcripts (ea-4, ea-3, ea-2, ea-1), which are the result of the alternative splicing of the e-domain region. however, the pattern of igf-i expression is different in non-salmonid fish, and only one or two transcripts (ea-4, ea-2) have been detected in hepatic and extrahepatic t ... | 2001 | 11738631 |
| achyranthes aspera enhances immunity and antigen clearance in common carp, cyprinus carpio l. | | 2012 | 22458776 |
| evaluation of immunostimulatory and growth promoting effect of seed fractions of achyranthes aspera in common carp cyprinus carpio and identification of active constituents. | immunostimulatory and growth promoting properties of achyranthes aspera seeds were studied with larvae of common carp cyprinus carpio. four experimental diets were prepared using raw (d1) and alcohol (d2), petroleum ether (d3) and 50% aqueous alcohol (d4) extracts of a. aspera seeds. diet without seed served as control (d5). fish were fed with test/control diet for 30 days and then immunized with 10 μl of c-rbc. blood samples were collected 7 days after immunization. survival (93 ± 3%) of fish w ... | 2012 | 22348815 |
| the optimization of the protocol for immunofluorescence on fish spermatozoa. | in comparison with mammals, the fertilization of fish occurs predominantly outside the organism in a water environment, where fish spermatozoa require specific conditions to interact with oocytes. it is evident that optimal conditions for fish and mammalian spermatozoa are quite different. this paper describes a special approach to handling fish (common carp and siberian sturgeon) spermatozoa in comparison with the samples originating from mammals (boar). this approach concerns not only the diff ... | 2008 | 18584860 |
| the application of image cytometry to viability assessment in dual fluorescence-stained fish spermatozoa. | the viability of spermatozoa has been assessed using sybr 14 staining for dna of living cells and propidium iodide staining for dna of degenerate cells. this dual staining was performed on four fish species (siberian sturgeon, acipenser baerii; common carp, cyprinus carpio; tench, tinca tinca and wels, silurus glanis) and the proportions of live and dead spermatozoa were assessed by epifluorescence microscopy and image cytometry. ten phase contrast and epifluorescent images were recorded per sam ... | 2004 | 15566965 |
| [comparison of the effects of gonadotropic preparations of the carp and stellate sturgeon pituitaries on in vivo and in vitro oocyte maturation in the siberian sturgeon acipenser baeri brandt]. | injections of 2.5 mg/kg of stellate sturgeon (acipenser stellatus pall.) pituitary extract and 5 mg/kg of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) pituitary extract in siberian sturgeon (acipenser baeri brandt) females did not reveal significant differences in the effects of these preparations. there were no differences in the percentage of females that responded by ovulation, duration of the period from injection to ovulation, rate of ovulation, or quality of mature eggs as estimated by the percentage of fert ... | 2006 | 11605413 |
| tgf-beta3 exists in bony fish. | a partial nucleotide sequence of transforming growth factor-beta3 (tgf-beta3) has been isolated from the siberian sturgeon (acipenser baeri), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and european eel (anguilla anguilla), confirming a ubiquitous presence in the ray-finned (actinopterygian) bony fish. the bony fish tgf-beta3 is highly conserved, with some 83-84% nucleotide identity (coding region) and 90-95% predicted amino acid identity to known homeotherm tgf-beta3's. far lower homologies are apparen ... | 1999 | 10614492 |
| effects of temperature on in vitro short-term storage of sterlet sturgeon (acipenser ruthenus) ova. | artificial propagation of sturgeons is becoming increasingly important for recovery efforts as well as for commercial production. sterlet acipenser ruthenus is a common eurasian sturgeon with a small body size and one of the fastest reproductive cycles among the sturgeons. the practical question being addressed in this study was how long fertilization of ovulated eggs can be delayed without substantially reducing the hatching rate, and an ancillary question is under what' temperature conditions ... | 2016 | 26708725 |
| enzyme activity in energy supply of spermatozoon motility in two taxonomically distant fish species (sterlet acipenser ruthenus, acipenseriformes and common carp cyprinus carpio, cypriniformes). | as spermatozoon motility duration differs significantly among fish species, the mechanism of atp generation-regeneration and its distribution along the flagellum may be species-dependent. the present study compared the role of creatine kinase (ck) with that of adenylate kinase (ak) in atp regeneration during motility of demembranated spermatozoa of taxonomically distant fish species, sterlet, and common carp, allowing investigation for the presence of the creatine-phosphocreatine (pcr) shuttle i ... | 2016 | 26483312 |
| bioaccumulation of heavy metals and microelements in silver bream (brama brama l.), northern pike (esox lucius l.), sterlet (acipenser ruthenus l.), and common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) from tisza river, serbia. | the aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of al, as, b, cd, co, cr, cu, fe, hg, mn, ni, pb, se, sr, and zn in liver, gills, gonads, and brain of four ecologically different fish species in serbia: piscivorous northern pike, benthivorous sterlet and silver bream, and omnivorous common carp. fish were caught at four sites along the stretch of the river tisza in the pannonian part of serbia during october 2010. results revealed that heavy metals and microelements with the highest va ... | 2015 | 26039743 |
| different computer-assisted sperm analysis (casa) systems highly influence sperm motility parameters. | in this study, we examined different computer-assisted sperm analysis (casa) systems (crismas, hobson sperm tracker, and image j casa) on the exact same video recordings to evaluate the differences in sperm motility parameters related to the specific casa used. to cover a wide range of sperm motility parameters, we chose 12-second video recordings at 25 and 50 hz frame rates after sperm motility activation using three taxonomically distinct fish species (sterlet: acipenser ruthenus l.; common ca ... | 2013 | 23932168 |
| sperm characteristics and androgens in acipenser ruthenus after induction of spermiation by carp pituitary extract or gnrha implants. | spermiation and changes in androgen (testosterone, t and 11-ketotestosterone, 11-kt) levels were studied in sterlet (acipenser ruthenus) treated with gnrh agonist implants (dala(6)-pro(9)-lhrha) at 25 and 75 μg kg(-1) b.w. and compared with those males treated with 4 mg kg(-1) b.w. of carp pituitary extract (cpe) and 3 pellets of ovopel kg(-1) b.w., which contains dala(6)-pro(9)net-mgnrh and metoclopramide. sperm quality (sperm mass, spermatozoa concentration and sperm motility and velocity) was ... | 2012 | 22665160 |
| distribution of gfap immunoreactive structures in the rhombencephalon of the sterlet (acipenser ruthenus) and its evolutionary implication. | previous studies have revealed that although the brains of cypriniform teleosts (iberian barb, barbus comiza; carp, cyprinus carpio; goldfish, carassius auratus) are rich in glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap), they have, however, areas devoid of gfap immunoreactivity. the largest ones of these are in the rhombencephalon, e.g., the zones of the sensory and motor neurons in the vagal lobe. our studies in amniotes suggested that the gfap immunonegative areas could be characteristic of the more ... | 2002 | 12210122 |
| identification of the origin and localization of chorion (egg envelope) proteins in an ancient fish, the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | in many modern teleost fish, chorion (egg envelope) glycoproteins are synthesized in the liver of females, and the expression of those genes is controlled by endogenous estrogen released from the ovary during maturation. however, among the classical teleosts, such as salmonid, carp, and zebrafish, the chorion glycoproteins are synthesized in the oocyte, as in higher vertebrates. sturgeon, which are members of the subclass chondrostei, represent an ancient lineage of ray-finned fishes that differ ... | 2014 | 24804966 |
| detoxifying effect of nelumbo nucifera and aegle marmelos on hematological parameters of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of nelumbo nucifera and aegle marmelos on common carp exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of combined heavy metals (5 ppm) under laboratory conditions. the fish were treated with nelumbo nucifera (500 mg/kg bwt) and aegle marmelos (500 mg/kgbwt) for 30 days as a dietary supplement. the blood biochemical parameters of the fish were evaluated by analyzing the level of red blood cells (rbc), packed cell volume (pcv), hemoglobin concentrat ... | 2010 | 21331178 |
| [parasitic fauna of fishes in the "chilu-chor chashma" spring (tadzhik ssr) with a constant and high water temperature]. | the spring chilu-chor chashma (forty four springs) is situated in the south of tadzhikistan. in this water body water temperature is constant in any season of the year (18 to 20 c). ichthyofauna is represented by three species: varicorhinus heratensis steindachneri, alburnoides bipunctatus eichwaldi and cyprinus carpio. as a result of parasitological studies 20 species of parasites were recorded from 129 fishes. the parasite fauna of the fishes was investigated twice-in summer and in autumn. it ... | 2007 | 130595 |
| enantioselective analysis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in freshwater fish based on microextraction with a supramolecular liquid and chiral liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. | toxicity of pharmaceuticals to aquatic biota is still largely unknown, and no research on the stereoselective toxicity of chiral drugs to these organisms has been undertaken to date. because of the lack of analytical methods available for this purpose, this manuscript deals, for the first time, with the enantioselective analysis of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) ibuprofen, naproxen and ketoprofen in freshwater fish. the method was based on the microextraction of nsaids from f ... | 2015 | 25869485 |
| membrane transformations in degenerating rodlet cells in fishes of two teleostean families (salmonidae, cyprinidae). | rodlet cells (rcs) of teleosts are identified by their fibrillar capsule and peculiar inclusions, the rodlets, consisting of a club-like sac and a central dense core. former ultrastructural studies showing signs of hypertrophy of endoplasmic reticulum (er) were followed up in salmonids (oncorhynchus mykiss, salmo trutta l.) and compared with cyprinids (cyprinus carpio l., carassius auratus l., alburnus alburnus). focusing on membrane transformations, unusual undulations of the membranes of rodle ... | 2008 | 18951513 |
| comparative study of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in brain and serum of several freshwater fish: specific activities and in vitro inhibition by ddvp, an organophosphorus pesticide. | a comparative study of specific activities and in vitro inhibition of brain and serum acetylcholinesterase (ache; ec 3.1.1.7) and serum butyrylcholinesterase (bche; ec 3.1.1.8) by ddvp, an organophosphorus pesticide, was conducted in 11 freshwater teleost species belonging to four families (cyprinidae; common carp cyprinus carpio, bream abramis brama, blue bream a. ballerus, white bream blicca bjoerkna, roach rutilus rutilus, bleak alburnus alburnus, ide leuciscus idus; percidae: perch perca flu ... | 2000 | 11246494 |
| uptake and distribution of radioiodine, and the effect of ambient nitrate, in some fish species. | 125i uptake by the thyroid was most pronounced in the smelt (osmerus eperlanus), perch (perca fluviatilis), rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri), roach (rutilus rutilus) and bleak (alburnus alburnus). unlike other tissues, only the muscle in the species studied no relative accumulation of 125i as compared to the ambient water. the crusian carp (cyprinus carassius) indicated the lowest levels of accumulation of 125i among the species tested. thyroid radioiodine concentration was independent of the len ... | 1985 | 2858311 |
| chlorinated paraffins: disposition of a polychloro-[1-14c]-hexadecane in carp (cyprinus carpio) and bleak (alburnus alburnus). | the disposition of polychloro-[1-14c]hexadecane (pchd, 34% chlorine w/w) was studied in carp (cyprinus carpio) and bleak (alburnus alburnus). after intra-arterial (i.a.) injection in carp about 6% of dose was excreted as 14co2 in 96 h. the autoradiographic distribution pattern after administration of pchd to carp (i.a.) and bleak (up to 14 days of exposure in pchd-contaminated water) was characterized by a strong labelling in the bile/intestinal contents. high radioactivity also appeared in the ... | 1983 | 6419402 |
| dna reassociation kinetics in diploid and phylogenetically tetraploid cyprinidae. | four diploid and three phylogenetically tetraploid cyprinidae (ostariophysi) have been characterized as for nuclear dna content, modal chromosome number and dna reassociation kinetics (hydroxyapatite chromatography). among the diploid species nuclear dna content (10(-12) g dna/2c) was 1.62 for tinca tinca, 1.87 for scardinius erythrophthalmus, 2.53 for leuciscus cephalus and 2.75 for alburnus alburnus, while the phylogenetically tetraploid species carassius auratus, barbus barbus and cyprinus ca ... | 1979 | 490124 |
| use of a complex approach for assessment of metamizole sodium and acetylsalicylic acid toxicity, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. | a complex approach based on the use of test organisms belonging to different systematic groups (plants, invertebrates and vertebrates), as well as the nucleolar biomarker and the micronucleus test on their cells, was applied to assess the toxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of two pharmaceutical substances (metamizole sodium and acetylsalicylic acid) applied at ic(50) concentrations for mammalian cells. the compound acetylsalicylic acid was evaluated at a concentration (1.6 x 10(3) mg l(-1)) ... | 2015 | 15478170 |
| efficacy of allicin in decreasing lead (pb) accumulation in selected tissues of lead-exposed common carp (cyprinus carpio). | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of allicin, the main biologically active component of garlic clove extracts, on lead levels in different common carp tissues including liver, kidney, brain, bone, and blood following experimental lead poisoning. fish were divided randomly into five groups depending on the combination of lead acetate and allicin treatments. lead acetate exposure (7.0 mgl(-1), 10 days) caused a significant increase in mean pb concentrations in all examined ti ... | 2011 | 20711682 |
| feeding great lakes fish to mink: effects on mink and accumulation and elimination of pcbs by mink. | the effects of feeding great lakes fish or fish products (carp, sucker, perch scraps, whitefish racks, and alewife fishmeal) to mink were studied. growth and furring of mink were normal for all species of fish tested. however, mink fed carp failed to reproduce, and the reproductive performance and/or kit survival in groups fed the perch, whitefish, and sucker were inferior to the control. only the alewife fishmeal diet supported reproduction and kit survival comparable to the control. pcb residu ... | 2013 | 6413698 |
| male gonadal differentiation and the paedomorphic evolution of the testis in teleostei. | testis differentiation from representatives of the otophysi (cyprinus carpio), percomorpha (amatitlania nigrofasciata), and atherinomorpha (poecilia reticulata) was comparatively described. in the undifferentiated gonad of c. carpio, the primordial germ cells (pgcs) are scattered throughout the gonads while in a. nigrofasciata and p. reticulata the pgcs are restricted to the ventral periphery. in the dorsal region of the developing gonads, with the exception of c. carpio, somatic cell rearrangem ... | 2014 | 24740886 |
| fatty acid composition of freshwater wild fish in subalpine lakes: a comparative study. | in this study, the proximate and fatty acid compositions of the muscle tissue of 186 samples of fish belonging to fifteen species of freshwater fish harvested in subalpine lakes (bleak, shad, crucian carp, whitefish, common carp, pike, black bullhead, burbot, perch, italian roach, roach, rudd, wels catfish, chub and tench) were investigated. most of the fish demonstrated a lipid content in the fillet lower than 2.0 g 100 g(-1) wet weight (range 0.6-9.7). a strong relationship between feeding beh ... | 2015 | 25519933 |
| mercury speciation in fish tissues from a mediterranean river basin: the tagus river (central spain) as a case study. | an assessment of mercury (hg) accumulation in fish from the tagus river aquatic system (central spain), which has been influenced by pollution from industrial and urban development, was performed. total hg (thg), inorganic hg (ihg), and monomethylmercury (mmhg) were determined in muscle and liver of different fish species, including cyprinus carpio, ameiurus melas, and chondrostoma miegii, sampled from three locations. although concentrations of thg and hg species showed wide variability among t ... | 2011 | 21472454 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in great lakes fish: levels, patterns, trends and implications for human exposure. | levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) were measured in edible portions of great lakes fish, with the goal of examining patterns/trends and evaluating implications for human exposure. a total of 470 fillets of 18 fish species collected from various parts of the canadian waters of the great lakes between 2006 and 2013 were analyzed for 17 (expanded to 33 in 2009) pbdes. for a limited number of species, fillet to whole body and fillet to eggs pbdes were compared to examine pattern and co ... | 2017 | 27865120 |
| alkaline single cell gel (comet) assay and genotoxicity monitoring using bullheads and carp. | monitoring genotoxicity of the environment using endemic organisms as sentinels requires the development of sensitive assays. toward this end, we explored the feasibility of applying the alkaline single cell gel (scg) or "comet" assay. this approach involves detection, under alkaline conditions, of cell dna fragments which, on electrophoresis, migrate from the nuclear core, resulting in a "comet with tail" formation. tail length has been correlated with level of genotoxicant exposure in a number ... | 1995 | 8575424 |
| cloning of a growth hormone from a primitive bony fish and its phylogenetic relationships. | growth hormone (gh), prolactin, and their relatives constitute a multigene family which is considered to have evolved from a common ancestor. the structural and functional domains of gh appear to be highly conserved among vertebrates. in order to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among ghs in the actinopterygii and sarcopterygii, we have cloned and sequenced gh from the pituitary of the primitive bony fish, amia calva. bony fishes (teleosts) and amia (halecomorphi) are purported sister- ... | 1994 | 7926657 |
| experimental infection of aphanomyces invadans and susceptibility in seven species of tropical fish. | epizootic ulcerative syndrome (eus) causes by aquatic oomycete fungus, aphanomyces invadans is a dangerous fish disease of a wide range of fresh and brackish water, wild and farmed fish throughout the world. the objective of the present study was to determine the susceptibility of a number of tropical fish species to the eus and compare the severity of infection between experimental groups. | 2015 | 27047195 |
| bioactivity of phytochemicals in some lesser-known plants and their effects and potential applications in livestock and aquaculture production systems. | livestock and aquaculture production is under political and social pressure, especially in the european union (eu), to decrease pollution and environmental damage arising due to animal agriculture. the eu has banned the use of antibiotics and other chemicals, which have been shown to be effective in promoting growth and reducing environment pollutants because of the risk caused to humans by chemical residues in food and by antibiotic resistance being passed on to human pathogens. as a result of ... | 2007 | 22444893 |
| species complexes and phylogenetic lineages of hoferellus (myxozoa, cnidaria) including revision of the genus: a problematic case for taxonomy. | myxozoans are metazoan parasites whose traditional spore morphology-based taxonomy conflicts dna based phylogenies. freshwater species of the genus hoferellus are parasites of the excretory system, with several members infecting food and ornamental fish species, as well as amphibians. this study aims to increase our understanding of their molecular diversity and development, aspects about which little is known, and to generate a molecular diagnostic tool to discriminate between different pathoge ... | 2016 | 26754529 |
| effect of photoperiod on endocrine profiles and vitellogenin expression in european eels anguilla anguilla during artificially induced ovarian development. | the aim of this work was to determine the effects of dark and light conditions on the e2, testosterone and thyroid hormones levels and on the gene expression levels (vitellogenin 1, vitellogenin 2, and estradiol receptor one) in european eels (anguilla anguilla) during ovarian development induced by increasing doses of carp pituitary extracts (cpes). the subjects were divided into 2 groups: 14-hour light:10-hour dark (light group) and 24-hour darkness (dark group). all the eels received intramus ... | 2015 | 25459031 |
| variation in cyanobacterial hepatotoxin (microcystin) content of water samples and two species of fishes collected from a shallow lake in algeria. | microcystins (mcs) produced from cyanobacteria can accumulate in freshwater fish tissues. in this study, variations in these toxins content were examined monthly in water samples and two species of fish in lake oubeira, algeria, from april 2010 to march 2011. during the study period, mcs were analyzed using protein phosphatase type 2a (pp2a) inhibition assay. in lake water, total (dissolved and intracellular toxins) mc concentrations by pp2a ranged from 0.028 to 13.4 μg equivalent mc-lr/l, with ... | 2014 | 24445842 |
| enteric neuroplasticity in seawater-adapted european eel (anguilla anguilla). | european eels live most of their lives in freshwater until spawning migration to the sargasso sea. during seawater adaptation, eels modify their physiology, and their digestive system adapts to the new environment, drinking salt water to compensate for the continuous water loss. in that period, eels stop feeding until spawning. thus, the eel represents a unique model to understand the adaptive changes of the enteric nervous system (ens) to modified salinity and starvation. to this purpose, we as ... | 2014 | 24433383 |
| catalasic activity in fish liver: improvement of the uv to visible analytic method. | antioxidative defenses and more especially catalasic activity (cat) are studied in a large range of scientific research thematics. in environmental sciences, the problematic of oxidative stress is of great interest as pollutants can induce perturbations of redox homeostasis. consequently, changes in antioxidative defenses levels in fish tissues and particularly in liver are used as potential biomarkers of pollution. in most studies, the cat was assayed by following during 5 min the consumption o ... | 2013 | 23224832 |
| variations in the gene expression of zona pellucida proteins, zpb and zpc, in female european eel (anguilla anguilla) during induced sexual maturation. | vertebrate eggs are surrounded by an extracellular glycoprotein coat termed zona pellucida (zp). integrity of zp is critical for a correct embryo development. two zona pellucida protein genes (zpb and zpc) from european eel were characterized, specific qpcr assays developed and their expression in immature males and females carried out. an experimental group of silver-stage eel females was maintained at 18 °c and hormonally induced to sexual maturation by weekly injections of carp pituitary extr ... | 2012 | 22750510 |
| quantitative bioassays for measuring biologically functional gonadotropins based on eel gonadotropic receptors. | significant declines in eel stocks have been noted in many parts of the world. because eel aquaculture is dependent on wild-caught juveniles, there is a need to achieve artificial reproduction. adult eel maturation is currently induced by repeated injections of purified gonadotropin (human chorionic gonadotropin [hcg]) or pituitary extract. thus the determination of the biological efficacy and quantification of internal levels of gonadotropic hormones is important for optimizing artificial repro ... | 2012 | 22580328 |
| development and validation of a range of endogenous controls to support the implementation of practical taqman real-time pcr-based surveillance for fish diseases within aquaculture. | the use of taqman real-time pcr-based technology has recently become more frequent in the detection of pathogens in the aquaculture industry. this interest has necessitated the development of robust and reliable pathogen-detection assays. the development of a range of endogenous control assays to be run alongside these diagnostic assays works to further increase confidence in the latter. this study describes the design of a range of endogenous control assays based on the elongation factor 1-α (e ... | 2012 | 22524565 |
| fish welfare assurance system: initial steps to set up an effective tool to safeguard and monitor farmed fish welfare at a company level. | the objective was to take a first step in the development of a process-oriented quality assurance (qa) system for monitoring and safeguarding of fish welfare at a company level. a process-oriented approach is focused on preventing hazards and involves establishment of critical steps in a process that requires careful control. the seven principles of the hazard analysis critical control points (haccp) concept were used as a framework to establish the qa system. haccp is an internationally agreed ... | 2012 | 22278705 |
| biomonitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in heavily polluted aquatic environment in different fish species. | the distribution and concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were determined in fish species (european perch perca fluviatilis, northern pike esox lucius, pike perch sander lucioperca, wels catfish silirus glanus, common carp cyprinus carpio, european eel anguilla anguilla, freshwater bream abramis brama, goldfish carassius auratus, and roach rutilus rutilus) in a heavily polluted water reservoir zemplínska šírava (slovakia). the study performed at two different time points 5 years ap ... | 2012 | 22173787 |
| induced oogenesis of the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.) in freshwater condition. | european eel is a catadromous fish species, which means that after living in freshwater premature individuals adapt to sea water, and migrate to the sargasso sea for spawning. although male eel can be sexually matured even in freshwater, to date, it was believed that female eel can be matured only in seawater. here we show that the process of sexual maturation may be induced in freshwater by treating female eels with carp pituitary (gsi = 9.87 ± 1.55%). it is thus proposed that seawater conditio ... | 2011 | 22119876 |
| influence of temperature regime on endocrine parameters and vitellogenesis during experimental maturation of european eel (anguilla anguilla) females. | we examined the effect of temperature in european silver eels during their maturation induced by injections of carp pituitary extract on endocrine parameters: pituitary fshβ and lhβ expression, plasma 17β-estradiol (e2) and vitellogenin, estrogen receptor 1 (esr1), and vitellogenin 2 (vtg2) expression in liver. a variable thermal regime (t10) that increased from 10° to 14° and 17°c was compared with a constant 20°c regime (t20) during 12 weeks. t10 caused a faster development until week 8, highe ... | 2011 | 21871894 |
| swimming suppresses hepatic vitellogenesis in european female silver eels as shown by expression of the estrogen receptor 1, vitellogenin1 and vitellogenin2 in the liver. | when european silver eels (anguilla anguilla) venture into the atlantic ocean for their 6,000 km semelparous spawning run to the sargasso sea, they are still in a prepubertal stage. further sexual development appears to be blocked by dopaminergic inhibition of hypothalamus and pituitary activity. recently, we found that swimming for several weeks in freshwater stimulated the incorporation of fat droplets in the oocytes. so, it was hypothesized that long term swimming in seawater would release th ... | 2010 | 20302623 |
| arsenic speciation in freshwater fish: focus on extraction and mass balance. | arsenic (as) speciation in muscle tissues of freshwater fish was investigated with special emphasis on extraction yields and mass balances. for the quantification of water-soluble as compounds, samples were extracted using a 1:1 (v/v) methanol/water mixture. various extraction parameters, such as extraction volume, number of additional extractions, intermediate and final volume in sample preconcentration were optimized so as to improve the extraction efficiency. arsenic compounds were determined ... | 2010 | 20188911 |
| temporal expression of hepatic estrogen receptor 1, vitellogenin1 and vitellogenin2 in european silver eels. | because european silver eels have never been caught during or after their 6000-km reproductive migration to the sargasso sea, all existing knowledge on their sexual maturation comes from hormonal stimulation. silver eels that start their oceanic migration are still immature with pre-vitellogenic oocytes. hence we assumed that vitellogenesis should start with the expression of the estrogen receptor in the liver before the circulating 17beta-estradiol (e2) can have any effect. in this study we fol ... | 2010 | 19766647 |
| are dioxin-like contaminants responsible for the eel (anguilla anguilla) drama? | eel populations worldwide are dangerously close to collapsing. our study is the first to show that current levels of dioxin-like contaminants are strong candidates because of their devastating effects on development and survival of eel embryos. female and male silver eels were artificially stimulated to maturation and reproduction by treatment with carp pituitary extracts and hcg, respectively. during maturation of female european silver eels, about 60 g fat per kg eel is incorporated in the ooc ... | 2006 | 16508793 |
| multi-element speciation of metalloproteins in fish tissue using size-exclusion chromatography coupled "on-line" with icp-isotope dilution-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. | an on-line isotope dilution (id) method in combination with the coupling of size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (se-hplc) to an axial inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometer (icp-tofms) was applied to the quantitative speciation of cu, zn and cd in carp and eel cytosols. quantitative information on the distribution of essential and toxic metals between the different molecular weight fractions in kidney cytosols of control and cd exposed carp was obtained wit ... | 2003 | 12866883 |
| immunocytochemical studies on the pituitary gland of anguilla anguilla l., in relation to early growth stages and diet-induced sex differentiation. | mammalian and teleost antisera against pituitary hormones were used to identify and localize pituitary cell types in the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). the investigation was conducted on unpigmented glass eels of 5.6-6.2 of total body length (l(t)) caught in river mouths, then on yellow eels reared from the pigmented glass eel (or elver) stage up to 12-14 cm of l(t), in an eel farm in warm freshwater. treated elvers were fed with commercial paste food supplemented with mature carp ovaries, ... | 2003 | 12620249 |
| effect of the pesticide deltamethrin on the mauthner cells of lake balaton fish. | deltamethrin, a synthetic pesticide [(s)alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1r)-cis-3-(2.2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dim ethylcyclopropane-carboxylate] used for extermination of mosquitoes on the shores of lake balaton, has been found to induce severe impairments of the nervous system of several lake balaton fish, such as carp (cyprinus carpio), goldfish (carassius auratus gibelis bloch), eel (anguilla anguilla) and wels (silurus glanis). it has been shown that deltamethrin, in a concentration of 1 microgram/l ... | 2000 | 10894124 |
| organochlorine residues in european eel (anguilla anguilla), crucian carp (carassius carassius) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus) from vaccarès lagoon (french national nature reserve of camargue) - effects on some physiological parameters. | european eels (anguilla anguilla), crucian carps (carassius carassius) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus) were collected in three coastal locations of the vaccarès lagoon (french national nature reserve of camargue). the purpose of this paper is to report results of the first biomonitoring investigation in fish living in this protected coastal wetland. residues of organochlorine (oc) contaminants (i.e. sigmapcbs, gammahch, hcb, dieldrin, pp'-dde) were determined in hepatic and muscular tissues, i ... | 2000 | 10794830 |
| dopamine receptor subtypes expressed in vertebrate (carp and eel) retinae: cloning, sequencing and comparison of five d1-like and three d2-like receptors. | eight dopamine receptor-like cdna clones were isolated from the carp (cyprinus carpio) retina and four dopamine receptor-like cdna clones were isolated from the european eel (anguilla anguilla) retina. these cdna clones show high sequence and structural homology to the known dopamine receptor subtypes. the sequence similarity and phylogenetic analysis revealed that five subtypes (d1a3, d1a4, d1b, d1c and d1x) in the carp retina and four subtypes (d1a1, d1a2, d1b and d1c) in the eel retina are d1 ... | 1998 | 9826915 |
| histopathological changes induced by environmental stress in common carp, japanese coloured carp, european eel, and african catfish. | histopathological changes caused by stress during catching and transport were examined in four fish species, the common carp (cyprinus carpio), the japanese coloured carp (koi, the coloured variant of the asian carp, cyprinus carpio haematopterus), the european eel (anguilla anguilla), and the african catfish (clarias gariepinus). in all species, the goblet cells of the gills and skin were decreased in number and slight detachment of the epithelium of the secondary gill lamellae was seen. loss o ... | 1997 | 9270124 |
| rapid and simultaneous measurement of anodic and cathodic haemoglobins and atp and gtp concentrations in minute quantities of fish blood | oxygen transport to vertebrate tissues is dependent upon (a) the intrinsic o2-binding properties of haemoglobin (hb) and (b) modulation by allosteric effectors, such as nucleoside triphosphates (ntp), that depress hb o2-affinity in fish red cells. while some species, such as flatfish, primarily use adenosine triphosphate (atp) to modulate o2-binding to hb, others, such as eel and carp, also use guanosine triphosphate (gtp) (kono and hashimoto, 1977; leray, 1982; weber and jensen, 1988). unlike m ... | 1994 | 9317794 |
| the branching of insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin: an immunohistochemical analysis during phylogeny. | the co-existence of insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1) with the classical islet hormones insulin (ins), glucagon (gluc), somatostatin (som) and pancreatic polypeptide (pp) in the endocrine pancreas of representative species of cyclostomes (myxine glutinosa), cartilaginous fish (raja clavata, squalus acanthias) and bony fish (cottus scorpius, carassius auratus, cyprinus carpio, anguilla anguilla) was studied by the use of monoclonal and polyclonal antisera and the double immunofluorescence tech ... | 1993 | 8265818 |
| differential distribution and response to experimental sexual maturation of two forms of brain gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) in the european eel, anguilla anguilla. | using specific radioimmunoassays for the two gnrh molecular forms present in the european eel, anguilla anguilla, (mgnrh and cgnrh ii), we compared their distributions in the pituitary and different parts of the brain of female silver eels, as well as the modifications of their levels in experimentally matured female eels (treated with carp pituitary extract). in control eels, mgnrh levels were higher than cgnrh ii levels in the pituitary, olfactory lobes and telencephalon, di- and mesencephalon ... | 1993 | 24202465 |
| effects of 17 beta-estradiol and carp gonadotropin on vitellogenesis in normal and hypophysectomized european silver female eel (anguilla anguilla l.) employing a homologous radioimmunoassay for vitellogenin. | the european silver eels are at the early stages of vitellogenesis before the marine reproductive migration. vitellogenesis was induced by 17 beta-estradiol (e2) alone and by a purified carp gonadotropin (cgth). we studied and compared their effects on plasma vitellogenin (vg) levels and ovarian yolk contents in female normal (n) and hypophysectomized (h) eels for both treatments. to this purpose an homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) was established. eel vg was purified to homogeneity on 0.1% sds ... | 1991 | 1783271 |
| comparative study of acetylcholine synthesis in organs of freshwater teleosts. | the activity of acetylcholine (ach) synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyltransferase (chat), and the content of ach were determined in the brain, heart, red trunk muscle and midgut of 12 freshwater teleost species belonging to eight families: carp (cyprinus carpio), tench (tinca tinca), silver carp (hypophthalmichtys molitrix), bighead (hypophthalmichtys nobilis), wels (silurus glanis), cat fish (ictalurus nebulosus), eel (anguilla anguilla), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), pike (esox lucius) ... | 1991 | 24214667 |
| in vitro study on the impact of fish sera on the survival and fine structure of the eel-pathogenic acanthocephalan paratenuisentis ambiguus. | the effects of fish sera on the growth and fine structure of infective larvae of the eel-pathogenic acanthocephalan paratenuisentis ambiguus (eoacanthocephala: tenuisentidae) were studied under in vitro conditions using sera from the final host anguilla anguilla and from two accidental fish hosts as well as fetal calf serum. as controls larvae were also kept in medium in the absence of serum and in experimentally infected eels. sera from the accidental fish hosts carp and rainbow trout exerted t ... | 1991 | 1805215 |
| [hormonal stimulation, in vivo, of the ovary of european eel in the yellow stage]. | the immature ovary of yellow eel was stimulated by a long-term treatment with a gonadotropin ii rich extract of carp pituitary. ovarian follicles of treated yellow eels showed an accumulation of lipidic vacuoles in the oocyte cytoplasm and a thickened follicular envelope (in this regard, they resembled the ovarian follicles of previously studied silver eels). the treatment also resulted in a significant but limited increase in the gonadosomatic ratio and mean follicle size (these values were muc ... | 1990 | 2291806 |
| positive feedback control by the gonads on gonadotropin (gth) and gonadoliberin (gnrh) levels in experimentally matured female silver eels,anguilla anguilla. | treatment of sham-operated female silver eels with carp pituitary extract stimulated ovarian development and induced increases in pituitary gonadotropin (gth) and gonadoliberin (gnrh) contents. both effects of carp pituitary extract were abolished in ovariectomized eels, indicating the involvement of the gonads. endogenous sexual steroids, the secretion of which was increased during sexual maturation, should be responsible for the stimulation of gth and gnrh levels. ovariectomy itself had no sig ... | 1989 | 24221767 |
| identification of hypocalcin (teleocalcin) isolated from trout stannius corpuscles. | we have isolated and purified a glycoprotein from the corpuscles of stannius (cs) of trout, which we consider hypocalcin (also called teleocalcin), the major hypocalcemic hormone of fish. this product is present in relatively large amounts in the cs of several species (i.e., european eel, tilapia, goldfish, and carp). hypocalcin is typically released from the cs in response to an experimentally induced increase of the blood calcium concentration. ultrastructural observations show that after this ... | 1988 | 3360288 |
| [demonstration of specific binding sites for carp gonadotropin in ovary membrane preparations of anguilla (anguilla anguilla l.)]. | membrane preparations from silver eel ovary bind specifically labeled carp gonadotropin (cgth 125i); similar preparations from kidney, liver, brain, and muscle exhibit either no or negligible specific binding. cgth and partially purified eel pituitary extract, but neither hcg nor btsh, inhibit cgth 125i specific binding in a dose-dependent way. however, a high membrane concentration can bind hcg 125i and this binding is partly inhibited by excess hcg, thus suggesting the existence of a relativel ... | 1987 | 3817443 |
| pineal neural connections with the brain in two teleosts, the crucian carp and the european eel. | the neural connections between the pineal organ and the brain were investigated in two teleost species: the crucian carp and the european eel. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was administered into the pineal parenchyma in vivo or in vitro. after 12-96 hours, the brains were fixed, and hrp was reacted in frozen sections with either diaminobenzidine (dab) or hanker-yate's reagent. the hrp had entered the pineal neurons, and had labeled their axonal processes (the pineal tract) in a golgi-like manner. ... | 1984 | 6085876 |
| development of a heterologous radioimmunoassay for eel (anguilla anguilla) gonadotropin. | a heterologous radioimmunoassay (ria) for eel gonadotropin (gth) was developed, using an antiserum to the beta subunit of carp gth (cgthbeta). partially purified eel gth preparations or crude eel pituitary extracts produced partial cross-reactions: the inhibition curves reached a plateau before complete inhibition of the binding of the tracer and the slopes were lower than those for cgth. however, the parallelism between the inhibition curves produced by all the eel samples allowed estimation of ... | 1983 | 6301935 |
| effects of calcitonin and ultimobranchialectomy (ubx) on calcium and bone metabolism in the eel, anguilla anguilla l. | prolonged administration of synthetic salmon calcitonin (sct) to immature female silver eels, maintained in sea water, provoked a decrease of the serum calcium concentration and an increase of both the osteoblastic apposition and of the degree of mineralization of the intercellular matrix in the vertebral bone. the osteoclastic resorption and osteocytic osteolysis were not significantly affected, however the osteoclastic index was reduced. the ultimobranchial body, site of ct secretion, was caut ... | 1976 | 1260486 |
| responses of the ultimobranchial body in eels (anguilla anguilla l.) maintained in sea water and experimentally matured, to injections of synthetic salmon calcitonin. | the effect of a synthetic salmon calcitonin (sct) treatment on ultimobranchial body (ub) activity in eels (anguilla anguilla l.) maintained in seawater and submitted to experimental maturation, has been studied histologically. 2. the activity of the glands of a control group of eels maintained in sea water was taken as a reference. 3. the ub parenchyma showed a marked atrophy in the fish treated with sct alone and serum calcium decreased significantly in this group. 4. immature female silver eel ... | 1975 | 1201598 |
| [histologic study on the cellular bone of the eel (anguilla anguilla l.) during sexual maturation. 3. histological and histophysical study during maturation induced by injections of carp pituitary extract]. | | 1971 | 5565398 |
| steroidogenic response of carp ovaries to piscine fsh and lh depends on the reproductive phase. | the gonadotropins (gths) follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) and luteinizing hormone (lh) are the key regulators of reproduction. we determined the competence of heterologous recombinant gths at eliciting steroid secretion from carp ovaries at different reproductive stages. we collected carp ovaries at: early, mid and end vitellogenesis, when most of the oocytes still contained a germinal vesicle (gv) at a central stage, and mature ovaries with a migrating gv. plasma estradiol (e2) levels at earl ... | 2012 | 22522050 |
| [carbon dioxide fixation in aquatic animals and its metabolic significance]. | in experiments on the carp cyprinus carpio and freshwater lamellibranch mollusc anodonta cygnea, tissue and organ peculiarities of carboxylic reactions have been revealed together with their relationship to the temperatute and ionic composition of the incubation medium. it was shown that in fish the highest intensity of fixation of co2 is exhibited by glandular organs with biosynthetic profile of the metabolism (liver), whereas in molluscs it is exhibited in the mantle which plays the key role i ... | 2013 | 1020552 |
| parasite-induced increases in the energy costs of movement of host freshwater fish. | parasitization by the larvae (glochidia) of freshwater mussels can cause harm to a fish's gills, resulting in less effective respiration and/or reduced activity by the host fish. the impact of glochidia infections on the host's physiology remains poorly understood, and no information is available concerning energy consumption in parasitized fish. hence, we obtained glochidia of the invasive unionid mussel sinanodonta (anodonta) woodiana and experimentally infected common carp, cyprinus carpio, t ... | 2017 | 28087365 |
| β-alanine does not act through branched-chain amino acid catabolism in carp, a species with low muscular carnosine storage. | this study was executed to investigate the effect of dietary β-alanine (ba) on amino acid (aa) metabolism and voluntary feed intake in carp (cyprinus carpio) at mildly elevated temperature to exert aa catabolism. twenty-four fish in 12 aquaria were randomly assigned to either a control diet or the same diet with 500 mg ba/kg. a 14-day period at an ideal temperature (23 °c) was followed by 15 days at chronic mildly elevated temperature (27 °c). after the 15 days, all fish were euthanised for musc ... | 2015 | 25549626 |
| in vivo and in vitro cyp1b mrna expression in channel catfish. | our goal was to study the induction of cyp1b mrna expression in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). cyp1b belongs to the cytochrome p450 superfamily of genes, is involved in the oxidation of endogenous and exogenous compounds, and could potentially be a useful biomarker in fish for exposure to ahr ligands. the full-length catfish cyp1b cdna is 2417 nt to the polya tail and encodes a putative protein of 536 amino acids. it has 67% amino acid similarity to carp and zebrafish cyp1b and 68% simil ... | 2006 | 16697458 |
| handling and storage procedures have variable effects on fatty acid content in fishes with different lipid quantities. | it is commonly assumed that the most accurate data on fatty acid (fa) contents are obtained when samples are analyzed immediately after collection. for logistical reasons, however, this is not always feasible and samples are often kept on ice or frozen at various temperatures and for diverse time periods. we quantified temporal changes of selected fa (μg fame per mg tissue dry weight) from 6 fish species subjected to 2 handling and 3 storage methods and compared them to fa contents from muscle t ... | 2016 | 27479304 |
| effect of dietary supplementation of fatty acids and vitamins on the breeding performance of the carp catla catla. | five isonitrogenous diets (approximately 33% crude protein) were fed to the brood female carp, catla catla (weighing 3.0 to 5.5 kg), for a period of 93 days in order to observe their breeding performance in earthen ponds. diet-i (control) contained only basic ingredients like rice bran, ground-nut oil cake, roasted soybean meal, fish meal and mineral mixture; diet-ii contained added vitamins; diet-iii contained added vitamins and vegetable oil (rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, pufa); die ... | 2004 | 11789892 |
| light microscopic characterization of glycoconjugates in secretory cells of the carp (cyprinus carpio) gill epithelium. | secretory products of granular and mucous cells in the gill epithelium of the carp, cyprinus carpio, were distinguished by their cytochemical reactions with peroxidase-labelled lectins and with the galactose oxidase (go)-schiff reagents. secretory products of granular cells reacted with lectins from triticum vulgaris (wga), arachis hypogaea (pna), dolichos biflorus (dba), glycine max (sab), and lotus tetragonolobus (lta). they also reacted with go-schiff reagents. after sialic acid cleavage with ... | 1987 | 2449406 |
| the natural armors of fish: a comparison of the lamination pattern and structure of scales. | fish scales exhibit a unique balance of flexibility, strength and toughness, which is essential to provide protection without encumbering locomotion. although the mechanical behavior and structure of this natural armor are of recent interest, a comparison of these qualities from scales of different fish species has not been reported. in this investigation the armor of fish with different locomotion, size and protection needs were analyzed. scales from the arapaima gigas, the tarpon (megalops atl ... | 2016 | 27745845 |
| metal pollution in biotic and abiotic samples of the büyük menderes river, turkey. | the büyük menderes river (bmr) is one of the largest rivers in turkey. this river irrigates efficient farmlands and includes tributaries of other rivers and streams and many populated towns within its limits in the ege region. both the estuary and işıklı lake serve as a sanctuary for various waterbirds. therefore, the bmr plays a critical role both for the inhabitants and for the ecosystem organisms in its environs. in the present study, we analyzed levels of metals including iron, barium, zinc, ... | 2017 | 26971518 |
| thyroid follicles in the head-kidney of teleosts. | out of five species of fishes, selected for this investigation, only two have shown the presence of thyroid follicles in their head-kidneys. in tor tor the thyroid follicles are larger than those of cyprinus carpio. they are elliptical in shape in t. tor while spherical in c. carpio. the follicular epithelium in t. tor is thick and prominently built while in c. carpio it is weak in its appearance and structure. the colloid of the follicles in both the cases is uniformely homogeneous, non-vacuola ... | 1976 | 984434 |
| effects of pro-tex on zebrafish (danio rerio) larvae, adult common carp (cyprinus carpio) and adult yellowtail kingfish (seriola lalandi). | aquaculture practices bring several stressful events to fish. stressors not only activate the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal-axis, but also evoke cellular stress responses. up-regulation of heat shock proteins (hsps) is among the best studied mechanisms of the cellular stress response. an extract of the prickly pear cactus (opuntia ficus indica), pro-tex, a soluble variant of tex-oe(®), may induce expression of hsps and reduce negative effects of cellular stress. pro-tex therefore is used to ... | 2014 | 24493298 |
| chemiluminescence sequential injection immunoassay for vitellogenin using magnetic microbeads. | a rapid and sensitive immunoassay for the determination of carp vitellogenin (vg) is described. the method involves a sequential injection analysis (sia) system equipped with a chemiluminescence detector and a samarium-cobalt magnet. an anti-vg monoclonal antibody, immobilized on magnetic beads, was used as a solid support for the immunoassay. the introduction, trapping and release of the magnetic beads in the flow cell were controlled by a samarium-cobalt magnet and the flow of the carrier solu ... | 2004 | 18969724 |
| spectrophotometric determination of carp vitellogenin using a sequential injection analysis technique equipped with a jet ring cell. | a sequential injection analysis (sia) technique, in which antibody-immobilized microbeads were transferred to a jet ring (jr) cell, was used in determination of carp vitellogenin (vg). the determination is based on a sandwich immunoassay in which two types of reactions between anti carp vg antibodies and carp vg are used. namely, the antibody for the first reaction step was immobilized on microbeads (sephadex beads), and an antibody labeled with a horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was used in the sec ... | 2002 | 18968848 |
| biochemical and immunochemical characterization of the antigen-antibody reaction on a non-toxic biomimetic interface immobilized red blood cells of crucian carp and gold nanoparticles. | a special protein assay system based on a highly hydrophilic, non-toxic and conductive biominetic interface has been demonstrated. to fabricate such assay system, red blood cells of crucian carp (rbc) was initially grown on a glassy carbon electrode surface (gce) deposited nano-sized gold particles (gps), a second gold nanoparticle layer (ng) was then absorbed on the rbc surface, and finally mammary cancer 15-3 antibody (anti-ca15-3) was attached on the functional rbc surface. a competitive immu ... | 2007 | 16787745 |
| a separation-free amperometric immunosensor for vitellogenin based on screen-printed carbon arrays modified with a conductive polymer. | a disposable amperometric immunosensor was studied for the rapid detection of carp (carassius auratus) vitellogenin (vtg). the sensor was fabricated based on screen-printed carbon arrays (spcas) containing eight carbon working and an integrated carbon counter electrodes. to construct the sensor, a conducting polymer (poly-terthiophene carboxylic acid) was electropolymerized on the surface of working electrodes and the polymer-coated spcas was characterized by sem. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) an ... | 2005 | 15681194 |
| fiber connections of the torus longitudinalis in a teleost: cyprinus carpio re-examined. | fiber connections of the carp torus longitudinalis were re-examined by means of tract-tracing methods. the torus longitudinalis projected mainly to the stratum marginale of the optic tectum, area pretectalis, and corpus cerebelli. the stratum marginale was anterogradely labeled only by biocytin, but not by horseradish peroxidase. because the stratum is composed of extremely fine axons of the small toral neurons, this may be ascribed to different molecular weights of the tracers. the main afferen ... | 2003 | 12541319 |
| specific binding of the endocytosis tracer horseradish peroxidase to intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (i-fabp) in apical membranes of carp enterocytes. | in a previous study we had demonstrated that a 15-kda protein present in carp intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles (bbmv) was able to bind the endocytosis tracer horseradish peroxidase (hrp) with high specificity. here we show that this protein corresponds to a peripheral membrane protein, identified by partial amino acid sequence analysis as the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (i-fabp), a member of the small cytosolic fatty acid binding protein family (fabps). the presence of i-fabp ... | 2002 | 12410603 |
| horseradish peroxidase binding to intestinal brush-border membranes of cyprinus carpio. identification of a putative receptor. | morphologic studies have shown that the classic endocytosis tracer horseradish peroxidase (hrp) is actively internalized by vesicular transport in the carp intestine, suggesting the existence of specific binding sites in the apical membrane of enterocytes. the aim of the present study was to develop an in vitro binding assay using isolated carp intestinal brush-border membranes (bbm) to demonstrate and characterize these specific hrp binding sites. the results obtained show that hrp binding to b ... | 2000 | 11074599 |
| terminal morphology of two branches arising from a single stem-axon of pretectal (psm) neurons in the common carp. | the induction of postsynaptic structures by presynaptic terminals is suggested in a teleost brain. neurons in the nucleus pretectalis superficialis pars magnocellularis (psm) in the common carp are known to send fibers to the corpus mamillare (cm) and the nucleus lateralis valvulae (nlv). individual axons of psm neurons bifurcate (or give off an axon collateral), both of which reach the target areas in the cm and nlv. the morphology of horseradish peroxidase-labeled terminals in the cm and nlv a ... | 1997 | 9034898 |
| regeneration of axons in transection of the carp spinal cord. | axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (cns) was investigated in the fine structural and histochemical aspects using carp spinal cord, which was completely transected at the level of the dorsal fin. fusion of the transection region and the regeneration of axons already began to be recognized 26 days after operation by electron microscopy. at 115 days after operation, the rostral and caudal parts of the transected spinal cord were completely connected by the regenerating nervous tissue ... | 1995 | 7580813 |
| double-staining of horizontal and amacrine cells by intracellular injection with lucifer yellow and biocytin in carp retina. | horizontal and amacrine cells in the isolated carp retina were impaled with micropipette electrode, identified by their characteristic light responses, and injected iontophoretically with markers for morphological study. both lucifer yellow ch and biocytin were injected simultaneously. lucifer yellow was seen by its own fluorescence while biocytin was visualized by binding with texas red-linked or horseradish peroxidase-conjugated avidin. for cone-connected horizontal cells, biocytin-coupled cel ... | 1994 | 7514770 |
| cytoarchitecture, fiber connections, and ultrastructure of the nucleus pretectalis superficialis pars magnocellularis (psm) in carp. | the cytoarchitecture, fiber connections, and ultrastructure of the nucleus pretectalis superficialis pars magnocellularis (psm) were studied in cypriniform teleosts (cyprinus carpio). the psm is an oval nucleus in the pretectum. medium-sized cells and synaptic glomeruli are the main components of the nucleus. a lesser number of small cells are also present. most of the medium-sized cells form one or two cell layers on the periphery of the nucleus, and some cells are scattered among synaptic glom ... | 1993 | 8263230 |
| changes in retinal projections and ganglion cell morphology after unilateral enucleation in the common carp. | changes in retinal projections and ganglion cell morphology were studied in one-eyed individuals of the common carp, cyprinus carpio, which were enucleated at a juvenile stage (within 6 months after hatching) and kept for 18 months after the operation. gross examination of the brains showed a marked atrophy of the contralateral optic tectum and a fine attenuated optic tract ipsilateral to the remaining eye. all retinal recipient areas were bilateral, but numerous projections were heavier contral ... | 1992 | 1450895 |
| biocytin: intracellular staining, dye-coupling and immunocytochemistry in carp retina. | correlation of electrophysiological and morphological, including ultrastructural, characteristics of neurones is important for understanding the functional organization of neuronal systems. further correlation with neurotransmitter content is essential for determining the neurochemical(s) used by a given neurone for propagating its signal. the two main neuronal markers presently available (lucifer yellow and horseradish peroxidase) are not satisfactory for correlating all three aspects. we have ... | 1991 | 1724386 |
| population study of horizontal cells in live carp retinas using microinjections of horseradish peroxidase. | in order to randomly sample horizontal cells (hcs) of carp retina, horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was delivered into axon terminals by means of vitreally inserted micropipettes in live fish. survival time was extended to several hours to permit label diffusion into hc somata. a function measuring the relative complexity of cell contours was defined in order to help classify hcs according to their morphological types. the histogram of measurement from 313 hcs showed three modes fitting normal distr ... | 1991 | 1891806 |
| cytoarchitecture and fiber connections of the nucleus lateralis valvulae in the carp (cyprinus carpio). | the cytoarchitecture and fiber connections of the nucleus lateralis valvulae of the carp (cyprinus carpio) were studied by nissl, bodian, golgi, and horseradish peroxidase methods. chief cells composing the nucleus lateralis valvulae (nlv) are small and granular, and their axons terminate in the cerebellum. these neurons have no dendrite, and the cell body is enveloped in a single terminal of afferent fibers to the nlv. in order to observed local cell clustering, the nlv was three-dimensionally ... | 1990 | 2229471 |