| evolution of the spx gene family in plants and its role in the response mechanism to phosphorus stress. | molecular and genomic studies have shown the presence of a large number of spx gene family members in plants, some of which have been proved to act in p signalling and homeostasis. in this study, the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of the spx gene family in plants were comprehensively analysed, and the mechanisms underlying the function of spx genes in p signalling and homeostasis in the model plant species arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (oryza sativa), and in important c ... | 2018 | 29298909 |
| speed breeding is a powerful tool to accelerate crop research and breeding. | the growing human population and a changing environment have raised significant concern for global food security, with the current improvement rate of several important crops inadequate to meet future demand 1 . this slow improvement rate is attributed partly to the long generation times of crop plants. here, we present a method called 'speed breeding', which greatly shortens generation time and accelerates breeding and research programmes. speed breeding can be used to achieve up to 6 generatio ... | 2018 | 29292376 |
| contrasting responses of crop legumes and cereals to nitrogen availability. | in nonagricultural systems, the relationship between intrinsic water-use efficiency (wuei ) and leaf nitrogen (narea ) is known to be stronger for legumes than for nonlegumes. we tested whether these relationships are retained for major agricultural legumes and nonlegumes. we compared the response to n nutrition of wuei (and its component parts, photosynthesis (asat ) and stomatal conductance (gs )) for legumes cicer arietinum, glycine max, lupinus alba and vicia faba, nonlegume dicots brassica ... | 2017 | 29178286 |
| carboxylate composition of root exudates does not relate consistently to a crop species' ability to use phosphorus from aluminium, iron or calcium phosphate sources. | • the relationship between carboxylate release from roots and the ability of the species to utilize phosphorus from sparingly soluble forms was studied by comparing triticum aestivum, brassica napus, cicer arietinum, pisum sativum, lupinus albus, lupinus angustifolius and lupinus cosentinii. • plants were grown in sand and supplied with 40 mg p kg-1 in the sparingly soluble forms alpo4 , fepo4 or ca5 oh(po4 )3 , or as soluble kh2 po4 ; control plants received no p. • the ability to utilize sp ... | 2007 | 28644531 |
| [ecological toxicity of aluminum-based coagulant on representative corps in neutral environment]. | by the terrestrial ecotoxicological methods of seed germination and root elongation, and with aluminum-based coagulant alcl3 which was widely used in wastewater- and water treatment as an example, this work studied the toxicological effects of aluminum-based coagulants on representative crops, including radish raphanus sativus, cabbage brassica chinensis and wheat triticum aestivum, over a range of exposure concentrations under the neutral condition (ph= 7.0), with contrast to an acid condition ... | 2005 | 16471362 |
| interaction effects on uptake and toxicity of perfluoroalkyl substances and cadmium in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rapeseed (brassica campestris l.) from co-contaminated soil. | a vegetation study was conducted to investigate the interactive effects of perfluoroalkyl substances (pfass), including perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos), and cadmium (cd) on soil enzyme activities, phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rapeseed (brassica campestris l.) from co-contaminated soil. soil urease activities were inhibited significantly but catalase activities were promoted significantly by interaction of pfass and cd wh ... | 2017 | 27940134 |
| [a novel method for extracting leaf-level solar-induced fluorescence of typical crops under cu stress]. | the leaf-level solar-induced fluorescence changes when the typical crops are under cu stress, which can be considered as a sensitive indicator to estimate the stress level. in the present study, wheat (triticum aestivum l.), pea (pisum sativum l.) and chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.) were selected and cultured with copper solutions or copper polluted soil with different cu stress. the apparent reflectance of leaves was measured by an asd fieldspec spectrometer and an integrating sphere. ... | 2012 | 22827073 |
| eco-toxic effects of sulfadiazine sodium, sulfamonomethoxine sodium and enrofloxacin on wheat, chinese cabbage and tomato. | investigation of the toxic effects of three veterinary drugs [sulfadiazine sodium (sds), sulfamonomethoxine sodium (smms), and enrofloxacin (eflx)] on seed germination, root elongation and shoot elongation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.) and tomato (cyphomandra betacea) was carried out. significant linear relationships between the root and shoot elongation and the concentration of veterinary drugs addition were observed. the effects of the three veterina ... | 2009 | 19554446 |
| accumulation and distribution of toxic metals in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and indian mustard (brassica campestris l.) irrigated with distillery and tannery effluents. | in the present study, accumulation and distribution of toxic metals (cu, cd, cr, zn, fe, ni, mn, and pb) and their biochemical effect on wheat and mustard plants irrigated with mixed distillery and tannery effluents are reported. analyses of effluents and soil samples have shown high metal content than the permissible limit except pb. further, analyses of plant samples have indicated the maximum accumulation of fe (340 mg kg(-1) in wheat root and 560 mg kg(-1) in mustard leaves) followed by mn a ... | 2009 | 18650002 |
| citrus allergy from pollen to clinical symptoms. | allergy to citrus fruits is often associated with pollinosis and sensitization to other plants due to a phenomenon of cross-reactivity. the aims of the present study were to highlight the cross-reactivity among citrus and the major allergenic pollens/fruits, throughout clinical and molecular investigations, and to evaluate the sensitization frequency to citrus fruits in a population of children and adults with pollinosis. we found a relevant percentage of sensitisation (39%) to citrus fruits in ... | 2013 | 23308273 |
| uptake, translocation and biotransformation of n-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamide (n-etfosa) by hydroponically grown plants. | n-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (n-etfosa) is an important perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos) precursor (prefos) which is used in sulfluramid. the present work studied the uptake, translocation and metabolism of n-etfosa in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), soybean (glycine max l. merrill) and pumpkin (cucurbita maxima l.) by hydroponic exposure. except for parent n-etfosa, its metabolites of perfluorooctane sulfonamide acetate (fosaa), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (pfosa), pfos, perfluorohexane sul ... | 2018 | 29306808 |
| simultaneous determination of fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides originating from sewage sludge compost. | a simultaneous method for quantitative determination of traces of fluoroquinolones (fqs) and sulfonamides (sas) in edible plants fertilized with sewage sludge was developed. the compounds were extracted from the plants by rapid and simple liquid extraction followed by extracts clean-up using solid phase extraction. the eluent additive 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol was used for liquid chromatographic detection to achieve separation of structurally similar antimicrobials like ciprofloxacin and ... | 2017 | 28695191 |
| anther culture of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) f1's and their reciprocal crosses. | anthers from three sets of wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell) f1's and their reciprocal crosses, made between parental lines differing greatly in their ability to produce microspore derived callus, were cultured on the chinese potato medium so that we could 1) more clearly define the role of nuclear or cytoplasmic factors within t. aestivum in transferring the ability to undergo in vitro androgenesis, and 2) to briefly review the gametic representation and disease screening potential of the ... | 1982 | 24270565 |
| regulation of sucrose transporters and phloem loading in response to environmental cues. | suc transporters (suts) play a key role in the allocation and partitioning of photosynthetically fixed carbon in plants. while a function could be assigned to many members of the sut family, almost no information is available on their regulation. here, the transcriptional regulation of suts in response to various environmental stimuli in the leaves of five dicots (arabidopsis [arabidopsis thaliana], soybean [glycine max], potato [solanum tuberosum], tomato [solanumlycopersicum], and poplar [popu ... | 2018 | 29158330 |
| macroaggregation and soil organic carbon restoration in a highly weathered brazilian oxisol after two decades under no-till. | conclusions based on studies of the impacts of soil organic carbon (soc) fractions and soil texture on macroaggregation and soc stabilization in long-term (>20years) no-till (nt) fields remain debatable. this study was based on the hypothesis that the amount and frequency of biomass-c input associated with nt can be a pathway to formation of macroaggregates and to soc buildup. the objectives were to: 1) assess the macroaggregate distribution (proportional mass, class mass) and the soc and partic ... | 2017 | 29122351 |
| soil biological activity contributing to phosphorus availability in vertisols under long-term organic and conventional agricultural management. | mobilization of unavailable phosphorus (p) to plant available p is a prerequisite to sustain crop productivity. although most of the agricultural soils have sufficient amounts of phosphorus, low availability of native soil p remains a key limiting factor to increasing crop productivity. solubilization and mineralization of applied and native p to plant available form is mediated through a number of biological and biochemical processes that are strongly influenced by soil carbon/organic matter, b ... | 2017 | 28928758 |
| identification and characterization of the bzip transcription factor involved in zinc homeostasis in cereals. | members of the basic leucine zipper family, as bzip19, are considered to be essential regulators of the adaptation to zinc deficiency. knowing that this gene as well as its targets are conserved in the plant kingdom, we followed an in silico approach to identify and characterize the bzip19 gene in cereals. through blastp in phytozome database, 33 bzip19 genes were identified on the genomes of oryza sativa, sorghum bicolor, zea mays, glycine max, triticum aestivum, and brachypodium distachyon. th ... | 2017 | 28671251 |
| characterization of the laser-induced blue, green and red fluorescence signatures of leaves of wheat and soybean grown under different irradiance. | the blue, green and red fluorescence emission of green wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. rector) and soybean leaves (glycine max l. var. maple arrow) as induced by uv light (nitrogen laser: 337 nm) was determined in a phytochamber and in plants grown in the field. the fluorescence emission spectra show a blue maximum near 450 nm, a green shoulder near 530 nm and the two red chlorophyll fluorescence maxima near 690 and 735 nm. the ratio of blue to red fluorescence, f450/f690, exhibited a clear cor ... | 1993 | 28741762 |
| relay cropping of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) improves the profitability of cotton-wheat cropping system in punjab, pakistan. | delayed sowing of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in cotton-based system reduces the productivity and profitability of the cotton-wheat cropping system. in this scenario, relay cropping of wheat in standing cotton might be a viable option to ensure the timely wheat sowing with simultaneous improvement in wheat yields and system profitability. this 2-year study (2012-2013 and 2013-2014) aimed to evaluate the influence of sowing dates and relay cropping combined with different management techniques o ... | 2018 | 29063403 |
| differential sensitivity of light-harnessing photosynthetic events in wheat and sunflower to exogenously applied ionic and nanoparticulate silver. | potential impacts of inevitable leaks of silver nanoparticles (agnps) into environment on human beings need attention. owing to the vitality of photosynthesis in maintaining life and ecosystem functioning, impacts of exogenously applied nanoparticulate and ag+ on photosystem (ps)ii function, which governs overall photosynthesis, in wheat and sunflower were evaluated. psii efficiency and related chl a fluorescence kinetics of these two plants remained unaffected by agnps. however, ag+ caused a si ... | 2018 | 29220750 |
| fluorene and phenanthrene uptake and accumulation by wheat, alfalfa and sunflower from the contaminated soil. | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are diverse organic contaminants released into the environment by both natural and anthropogenic activities. these compounds have negative impacts on plants growth and development. although there are many reports on their existence in different parts of plant, their uptake and translocation pathways and mechanisms are not well understood yet. this paper highlights the uptake, translocation and accumulation of pahs by wheat, sunflower and alfalfa through an ... | 2015 | 25950194 |
| the response of durum wheat to the preceding crop in a mediterranean environment. | crop sequence is an important management practice that may affect durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) production. field research was conducted in 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 seasons in a rain-fed cold mediterranean environment to examine the impact of the preceding crops alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), maize (zea mays l.), sunflower (helianthus annuus l.), and bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) on yield and n uptake of four durum wheat varieties. the response of grain yield of durum wheat to the preced ... | 2014 | 25401153 |
| hydrolysis and speciation of al bound to pectin and plant cell wall material and its reaction with the dye chrome azurol s. | hydrolysis of aluminum (al) in solution increases at ph >or= 4 and with an al concentration. pectin, an important anionic polysaccharide of plant cell walls, adsorbs al, but this phenomenon is poorly understood. this study showed that al(3+) hydrolysis results in binding of al to pectin in excess of the stoichiometric equivalent, leading to oversaturation of the pectin with al. however, the degree of pectin methyl-esterification did not affect the extent of al hydrolysis. binding of al to purifi ... | 2010 | 20380374 |
| leaching and utilization of nitrogen during a spring wheat catch crop succession. | an experiment covering a 2-yr spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) catch crop succession was conducted in lysimeters to account for the losses of n due to leaching. we sought to relate these losses to the n uptake of the main crop and to integrate the estimated n loss and uptake into a balance. the non-winter hardy catch crops [yellow mustard (sinapis alba l.), phacelia (phacelia tanacetifolia benth), and sunflower (helianthus annuus l.)] as well as bare soil fallow were studied at low and high n ... | 2013 | 19465716 |
| real-time polymerase chain reaction based assays for quantitative detection of barley, rice, sunflower, and wheat. | quality assurance is a major issue in the food industry. the authenticity of food ingredients and their traceability are required by consumers and authorities. plant species such as barley (hordeum vulgare), rice (oryza sativa), sunflower (helianthus annuus), and wheat (triticum aestivum) are very common among the ingredients of many processed food products; therefore the development of specific assays for their specific detection and quantification are needed. furthermore, the production and tr ... | 2005 | 16131102 |
| selenium-enriched sprouts. a raw material for fortified cereal-based diets. | the selenium supply in almost all european countries, including austria and germany, is below the recommended daily intake. in these countries, selenium fortification of foods and the use of selenium supplements are quite popular to compensate for low se intake from diets. in general, wheat (triticum aestivum) is known to be a good source for bioavailable selenium, and many studies have been performed to enrich selenium in wheat by selenium fertilization of the soil. in the present work, the pro ... | 2000 | 11087486 |
| respiration and energy turnover during the seedling development of triticum aestivum l., zea mays l., helianthus annuus l., and phaseolus vulgaris l. | seedling length, co(2) output, dry weight and energy content of the seeds and seedling organs of triticum, zea, helianthus and phaseolus were determined in order to study the efficiency of storage substance utilization and energy turnover during seedling development up to 108 h. the respiration rate is lower in the large seeds of zea and phaseolus (2.2 and 2.0 mgco(2)·gdw(-1)·h(-1)) than in the small seeds of triticum and helianthus (3.1 and 4.2 mgco(2)·gdw(-1)·h(-1)). co(2) output during the sy ... | 1984 | 23194792 |
| interaction between chemical mutagens with a delayed effect and metabolites of seeds : communication 2: changes in mutagenic activity. | a study was made of chromosome aberrations in crepis capillaris seedlings, induced by the reaction products of chemical mutagens with seed metabolites. interaction between ethylenimine and seed metabolites of some plants of the family compositae (c. capillaris, taraxacum officinale, pyrethrum carneum, helianthus annuus) has been found to lead to the formation of highly active secondary mutagens whose action remains similar to that of ethylenimine, although the effect of ethylenimine is enhanced ... | 1971 | 24430019 |
| soil infiltration characteristics in agroforestry systems and their relationships with the temporal distribution of rainfall on the loess plateau in china. | many previous studies have shown that land use patterns are the main factors influencing soil infiltration. thus, increasing soil infiltration and reducing runoff are crucial for soil and water conservation, especially in semi-arid environments. to explore the effects of agroforestry systems on soil infiltration and associated properties in a semi-arid area of the loess plateau in china, we compared three plant systems: a walnut (juglans regia) monoculture system (jrms), a wheat (triticum aestiv ... | 2015 | 25893832 |
| evaluation of phytotoxicity and ecotoxicity potentials of a cyanobacterial extract containing microcystins under realistic environmental concentrations and in a soil-plant system. | the impact of a crude extract of microcystis aeruginosa (pcc7820) containing 14 microcystin variants was investigated on seeds germination and radicles development of four agricultural plants: two tomato varieties solanum lycopersicum (microtom and saint-pierre), the wheat triticum aestivum and the lettuce lactuca sativa. in addition, the effect of 14 d-exposure to irrigation water containing realistic concentrations of microcystins (0-0.1 mg eq. microcystin-lrl(-1)) on the tomato microtom seedl ... | 2015 | 25754013 |
| phytotoxicity tests of solid wastes and contaminated soils in the czech republic. | the purpose of this study was to compare the suitability of different phytotoxicity testing procedures for the evaluation of toxicity associated with both soil contamination and solid wastes, both of which can be of environmental risk to plants. ten different representative types of contaminated soils and solid waste samples were chosen from the czech republic. | 2010 | 19557447 |
| arsenate toxicity for wheat and lettuce in six chinese soils with different properties. | to assess soil arsenic (as, in the form of arsenate) toxicity to plants, 6-d root elongation tests on wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa) were conducted in six chinese soils freshly spiked with as. plants were treated with 7 or 10 levels of as to establish concentration-effect curves. median effective concentration and 10% effective concentration values were derived with regression analysis to measure as toxic potencies, and no-observed-effect concentration was determined b ... | 2009 | 19379017 |
| effect of hypobaric conditions on ethylene evolution and growth of lettuce and wheat. | elevated levels of ethylene occur in enclosed crop production systems and in spaceflight environments, leading to adverse plant growth and sterility. there are engineering advantages in growing plants at hypobaric (reduced atmospheric pressure) conditions in biomass production for extraterrestrial base or spaceflight environments. objectives of this research were to characterize the influence of hypobaria on growth and ethylene evolution of lettuce (lactuca sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum). ... | 2003 | 14658387 |
| effect of crop development on biogenic emissions from plant populations grown in closed plant growth chambers. | the biomass production chamber at john f. kennedy space center is a closed plant growth chamber facility that can be used to monitor the level of biogenic emissions from large populations of plants throughout their entire growth cycle. the head space atmosphere of a 26-day-old lettuce (lactuca sativa cv. waldmann's green) stand was repeatedly sampled and emissions identified and quantified using gc-mass spectrometry. concentrations of dimethyl sulphide, carbon disulphide, alpha-pinene, furan and ... | 1995 | 7669278 |
| optical sensing of weed infestations at harvest. | kochia (kochia scoparia l.), russian thistle (salsolatragus l.), and prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola l.) are economically important weeds infesting dryland wheat (triticum aestivum l.) production systems in the western united states. those weeds produce most of their seeds post-harvest. the objectives of this study were to determine the ability of an optical sensor, installed for on-the-go measurement of grain protein concentration, to detect the presence of green plant matter in flowing grain ... | 2017 | 29048342 |
| carbon sequestration in dryland soils and plant residue as influenced by tillage and crop rotation. | long-term use of conventional tillage and wheat (triticum aestivum l.)-fallow systems in the northern great plains have resulted in low soil organic carbon (soc) levels. we examined the effects of two tillage practices [conventional till (ct) and no-till (nt)], five crop rotations [continuous spring wheat (cw), spring wheat-fallow (w-f), spring wheat-lentil (lens culinaris medic.) (w-l), spring wheat-spring wheat-fallow (w-w-f), and spring wheat-pea (pisum sativum l.)-fallow (w-p-f)], and conser ... | 2017 | 16825454 |
| photoacoustic spectroscopy applied to the direct detection of bioactive compounds in agaricus brasiliensis mycelium. | this paper describes the application of the photoacoustic spectroscopic (pas) for detection of bioactive compounds in agaricus brasiliensis mycelium. the mycelium was cultivated by solid-state fermentation and by submerged fermentation. vegetal residues from food industry were used as substrates for fermentation: apple pomace (malus domestica), wheat (triticum aestivum), peel and pomace of pineapple (ananas comosus), malt (hordeum vulgare) and grape pomace (vitis vinifera). dry and ground sample ... | 2017 | 29210029 |
| contrasting responses of soil respiration and temperature sensitivity to land use types: cropland vs. apple orchard on the chinese loess plateau. | land use plays an essential role in regional carbon cycling, potentially influencing the exchange rates of co2 flux between soil and the atmosphere in terrestrial ecosystems. temperature sensitivity of soil respiration (q10), as an efficient parameter to reflect the possible feedback between the global carbon cycle and climate change, has been extensively studied. however, very few reports have assessed the difference in temperature sensitivity of soil respiration under different land use types. ... | 2017 | 29190565 |
| polyphenolic characterisation of plant mixture (lisosan® reduction) and its hypocholesterolaemic effect in high fat diet-fed mice. | lisosan® reduction is a plant mixture produced from powder of fermented triticum aestivum (lisosan® g), desmodium adscendens, malus domestica, picrorhiza kurroa and hordeum vulgare. the aim of this study was to characterise the phenolic profile of lisosan® reduction and to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract on mice fed a high fat diet (hfd). syringic acid, trans sinapic acid and neochlorogenic acid were identified by hplc-dad to be the dominant polyphenols of lisosan® reduction, followed by ... | 2017 | 29139309 |
| comparison of ambient solvent extraction methods for the analysis of fatty acids in non-starch lipids of flour and starch. | lipids are minor components of flours, but are major determinants of baking properties and end-product quality. to the best of our knowledge, there is no single solvent system currently known that efficiently extracts all non-starch lipids from all flours without the risk of chemical, mechanical or thermal damage. this paper compares nine ambient solvent systems (monophasic and biphasic) with varying polarities: bligh and dyer (bd); modified bligh and dyer using hcl (bdhcl); modified bd using na ... | 2014 | 24132804 |
| comprehensive profiling of lysine ubiquitome reveals diverse functions of lysine ubiquitination in common wheat. | protein ubiquitination, which is a major post-translational modifications that occurs in eukaryotic cells, is involved in diverse biological processes. to date, large-scale profiling of the ubiquitome in common wheat has not been reported, despite its status as the major cereal crop in the world. here, we performed the first ubiquitome analysis of the common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) variety, aikang 58. overall, 433 lysine modification sites were identified in 285 proteins in wheat seedlings, ... | 2017 | 29051560 |
| stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, and transpiration efficiency in relation to leaf anatomy in rice and wheat genotypes under drought. | increasing leaf transpiration efficiency (te) may provide leads for growing rice like dryland cereals such as wheat (triticum aestivum). to explore avenues for improving te in rice, variations in stomatal conductance (gs) and mesophyll conductance (gm) and their anatomical determinants were evaluated in two cultivars from each of lowland, aerobic, and upland groups of oryza sativa, one cultivar of o. glaberrima, and two cultivars of t. aestivum, under three water regimes. the te of upland rice, ... | 2017 | 28992130 |
| evolutionary modes of emergence of short interspersed nuclear element (sine) families in grasses. | short interspersed nuclear elements (sines) are non-autonomous transposable elements which are propagated by retrotransposition and constitute an inherent part of the genome of most eukaryotic species. knowledge of heterogeneous and highly abundant sines is crucial for de novo (or improvement of) annotation of whole genome sequences. we scanned poaceae genome sequences of six important cereals (oryza sativa, triticum aestivum, hordeum vulgare, panicum virgatum, sorghum bicolor, zea mays) and bra ... | 2017 | 28857316 |
| poaceae vs. abiotic stress: focus on drought and salt stress, recent insights and perspectives. | poaceae represent the most important group of crops susceptible to abiotic stress. this large family of monocotyledonous plants, commonly known as grasses, counts several important cultivated species, namely wheat (triticum aestivum), rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), and barley (hordeum vulgare). these crops, notably, show different behaviors under abiotic stress conditions: wheat and rice are considered sensitive, showing serious yield reduction upon water scarcity and soil salinity, whil ... | 2017 | 28744298 |
| genome-wide sequence and expression analysis of the nac transcription factor family in polyploid wheat. | many important genes in agriculture correspond to transcription factors (tfs) that regulate a wide range of pathways from flowering to responses to disease and abiotic stresses. in this study, we identified 5776 tfs in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) and classified them into gene families. we further investigated the nac family exploring the phylogeny, c-terminal domain (ctd) conservation, and expression profiles across 308 rna-seq samples. phylogenetic trees of nac domains indicated that wh ... | 2017 | 28698232 |
| protein phosphatases potentially associated with regulation of microtubules, their spatial structure reconstruction and analysis. | according to the sequence and profile comparison with known catalytic domains, where identified protein phosphatases potentially involved in regulation of microtubule dynamics and structure from arabidopsis thaliana, nicotiana tabacum, medicago sativa, oryza sativa subsp. japonica, zea mays, and triticum aestivum. selected proteins were related to classical non-receptor, serine/threonine-specific and dual protein phosphatases. by application of template structures of human protein phosphatases, ... | 2017 | 28653783 |
| development and validation of kasp markers for the greenbug resistance gene gb7 and the hessian fly resistance gene h32 in wheat. | greenbug and hessian fly are important pests that decrease wheat production worldwide. we developed and validated breeder-friendly kasp markers for marker-assisted breeding to increase selection efficiency. greenbug (schizaphis graminum rondani) and hessian fly [mayetiola destructor (say)] are two major destructive insect pests of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) throughout wheat production regions in the usa and worldwide. greenbug and hessian fly infestation can significantly reduce grain yield an ... | 2017 | 28624908 |
| genetic architecture of anther extrusion in spring and winter wheat. | hybrid wheat breeding is gaining prominence worldwide because it ensures higher and more static yield than conventionally bred varieties. the cleistogamous floral architecture of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) impedes anthers inside the floret, making it largely an inbreeder. for hybrid seed production, high anther extrusion is needed to promote cross pollination and to ensure a high level of pollen availability for the seed plant. this study, therefore, aimed at the genetic dissection of anther e ... | 2017 | 28559904 |
| effect of limestone, lignite and biochar applied alone and combined on cadmium uptake in wheat and rice under rotation in an effluent irrigated field. | cadmium (cd) uptake and accumulation in crop plants, especially in wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa) is one of the main concerns for food security worldwide. a field experiment was done to investigate the effects of limestone, lignite, and biochar on growth, physiology and cd uptake in wheat and rice under rotation irrigated with raw effluents. initially, each treatment was applied alone at 0.1% and combined at 0.05% each and wheat was grown in the field and then, after wheat har ... | 2017 | 28501770 |
| genome-wide characterization of jasmonate-zim domain transcription repressors in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the jasmonate-zim domain (jaz) repressor family proteins are jasmonate co-receptors and transcriptional repressor in jasmonic acid (ja) signaling pathway, and they play important roles in regulating the growth and development of plants. recently, more and more researches on jaz gene family are reported in many plants. although the genome sequencing of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and its relatives is complete, our knowledge about this gene family remains vacant. | 2017 | 28193162 |
| genome-wide identification and analysis of biotic and abiotic stress regulation of small heat shock protein (hsp20) family genes in bread wheat. | small heat shock proteins (shsps)/hsp20 are molecular chaperones that protect plants by preventing protein aggregation during abiotic stress conditions, especially heat stress. due to global climate change, high temperature is emerging as a major threat to wheat productivity. thus, the identification of hsp20 and analysis of hsp transcriptional regulation under different abiotic stresses in wheat would help in understanding the role of these proteins in abiotic stress tolerance. we used sequence ... | 2017 | 28178571 |
| in situ evaluation of crop productivity and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in paddy soils after remediation of metal-contaminated soils. | soils contaminated with heavy metals have been reused for agricultural, building, and industrial uses following remediation. this study assesses plant growth and bioaccumulation of heavy metals following remediation of industrially contaminated soil. the soil was collected from a field site near a nonferrous smelter and was subjected to laboratory- and field-scale studies. soil from the contaminated site was remediated by washing with acid or mixed with soil taken from a distant uncontaminated s ... | 2017 | 28150951 |
| socio-economic characterisation of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) growers and date value chains in pakistan. | increasing food production to feed its rapidly growing population is a major policy goal of pakistan. the production of traditional staples such as rice (oryza sativa l.) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has been intensified in many regions, but not in remote, drought-ridden areas. in these arid, marginal environments dates and their by-products are an option to complement staples given their high nutritive value and storability. to fill knowledge gaps about the role of date palm in the ho ... | 2016 | 27536506 |
| large-scale bioinformatic analysis of the regulation of the disease resistance nbs gene family by micrornas in poaceae. | in the present study, we have screened 71, 713, 525, 119 and 241 mature mirna variants from hordeum vulgare, oryza sativa, brachypodium distachyon, triticum aestivum, and sorghum bicolor, respectively, and classified them with respect to their conservation status and expression levels. these poaceae non-redundant mirna species (1,669) were distributed over a total of 625 mir families, among which only 54 were conserved across two or more plant species, confirming the relatively recent evolutiona ... | 2017 | 27349470 |
| the metabolite pathway between bundle sheath and mesophyll: quantification of plasmodesmata in leaves of c3 and c4 monocots. | c4 photosynthesis is characterized by a co2-concentrating mechanism between mesophyll (m) and bundle sheath (bs) cells of leaves. this generates high metabolic fluxes between these cells, through interconnecting plasmodesmata (pd). quantification of these symplastic fluxes for modeling studies requires accurate quantification of pd, which has proven difficult using transmission electron microscopy. our new quantitative technique combines scanning electron microscopy and 3d immunolocalization in ... | 2016 | 27288224 |
| a saturated snp linkage map for the orange wheat blossom midge resistance gene sm1. | snp markers were developed for the owbm resistance gene sm1 that will be useful for mas. the wheat sm1 region is collinear with an inverted syntenic interval in b. distachyon. orange wheat blossom midge (owbm, sitodiplosis mosellana géhin) is an important insect pest of wheat (triticum aestivum) in many growing regions. sm1 is the only described owbm resistance gene and is the foundation of managing owbm through host genetics. sm1 was previously mapped to wheat chromosome arm 2bs relative to sim ... | 2016 | 27160855 |
| residual phosphorus and zinc influence wheat productivity under rice-wheat cropping system. | continuous cropping of rice (oryza sativa l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) deplete soil fertility and crop productivity. one strategy to increase crop productivity under rice-wheat system is balanced application of crop nutrients. field experiment was conducted to assess the impact of phosphorus (0, 40, 80, 120 kg p ha(-1)) and zinc (0, 5, 10, 15 kg zn ha(-1)) on the productivity of rice genotypes (fine and coarse) and their residual effects on the grain yield (gy) and its components (yc) of ... | 2016 | 27026947 |
| research on root responses to pb and zn combined stress of carex putuoshan. | pb hyper-accumulated carex putuoshan was taken as experimental material and subjected to combined stress of pb and zn. the differential expression of proteins in their roots were analyzed by proteomic approach. the protein that was directly involved in the cellular defense under the pb and zn combined stress was separated, and expression of those genes was analyzed with carex evergold as control. the results were obtained by maldi-tof/ms analysis. after applying pb and zn combined stress, the ex ... | 2016 | 27001405 |
| evolution of vrn2/ghd7-like genes in vernalization-mediated repression of grass flowering. | flowering of many plant species is coordinated with seasonal environmental cues such as temperature and photoperiod. vernalization provides competence to flower after prolonged cold exposure, and a vernalization requirement prevents flowering from occurring prior to winter. in winter wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare), three genes vrn1, vrn2, and ft form a regulatory loop that regulates the initiation of flowering. prior to cold exposure, vrn2 represses ft. during cold, vrn1 ... | 2016 | 26848096 |
| effects of conservation tillage on topsoil microbial metabolic characteristics and organic carbon within aggregates under a rice (oryza sativa l.)-wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cropping system in central china. | investigating microbial metabolic characteristics and soil organic carbon (soc) within aggregates and their relationships under conservation tillage may be useful in revealing the mechanism of soc sequestration in conservation tillage systems. however, limited studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between soc and microbial metabolic characteristics within aggregate fractions under conservation tillage. we hypothesized that close relationships can exist between soc and micro ... | 2016 | 26731654 |
| overexpression of cold-inducible wheat galactinol synthase confers tolerance to chilling stress in transgenic rice. | galactinol synthase (gols) is considered to be a key regulator of the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (rfos). accumulation of rfos has been reported to play a role in protection against abiotic stresses. we identified two cdnas encoding galactinol synthase from wheat (triticum aestivum l.), which we designated as tagols1 and tagols2. expression of the two tagols genes was induced by cold stress but not by drought, heat stress or aba treatment in wheat. we generated transgenic l ... | 2015 | 26719738 |
| taxa21-a1 on chromosome 5al is associated with resistance to multiple pests in wheat. | the wheat ortholog of the rice gene osxa21 against bacterial leaf blight showed resistance to multiple pests in bread wheat but different interacting proteins. | 2016 | 26602233 |
| finding the subcellular location of barley, wheat, rice and maize proteins: the compendium of crop proteins with annotated locations (croppal). | barley, wheat, rice and maize provide the bulk of human nutrition and have extensive industrial use as agricultural products. the genomes of these crops each contains >40,000 genes encoding proteins; however, the major genome databases for these species lack annotation information of protein subcellular location for >80% of these gene products. we address this gap, by constructing the compendium of crop protein subcellular locations called crop proteins with annotated locations (croppal). subcel ... | 2016 | 26556651 |
| molecular and phylogenetic characterization of the homoeologous epsp synthase genes of allohexaploid wheat, triticum aestivum (l.). | 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (epsps) is the sixth and penultimate enzyme in the shikimate biosynthesis pathway, and is the target of the herbicide glyphosate. the epsps genes of allohexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum, aabbdd) have not been well characterized. herein, the three homoeologous copies of the allohexaploid wheat epsps gene were cloned and characterized. | 2015 | 26492960 |
| exploring the tertiary gene pool of bread wheat: sequence assembly and analysis of chromosome 5m(g) of aegilops geniculata. | next-generation sequencing (ngs) provides a powerful tool for the discovery of important genes and alleles in crop plants and their wild relatives. despite great advances in ngs technologies, whole-genome shotgun sequencing is cost-prohibitive for species with complex genomes. an attractive option is to reduce genome complexity to a single chromosome prior to sequencing. this work describes a strategy for studying the genomes of distant wild relatives of wheat by isolating single chromosomes fro ... | 2015 | 26408103 |
| small-scale gene duplications played a major role in the recent evolution of wheat chromosome 3b. | bread wheat is not only an important crop, but its large (17 gb), highly repetitive, and hexaploid genome makes it a good model to study the organization and evolution of complex genomes. recently, we produced a high quality reference sequence of wheat chromosome 3b (774 mb), which provides an excellent opportunity to study the evolutionary dynamics of a large and polyploid genome, specifically the impact of single gene duplications. | 2015 | 26353816 |
| responses of wheat and rice to factorial combinations of ambient and elevated co2 and temperature in face experiments. | elevated co2 and temperature strongly affect crop production, but understanding of the crop response to combined co2 and temperature increases under field conditions is still limited while data are scarce. we grew wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) under two levels of co2 (ambient and enriched up to 500 μmol mol(-1) ) and two levels of canopy temperature (ambient and increased by 1.5-2.0 °c) in free-air co2 enrichment (face) systems and carried out a detailed growth and yiel ... | 2016 | 26279285 |
| genome wide association mapping for arabinoxylan content in a collection of tetraploid wheats. | arabinoxylans (axs) are major components of plant cell walls in bread wheat and are important in bread-making and starch extraction. furthermore, arabinoxylans are components of soluble dietary fibre that has potential health-promoting effects in human nutrition. despite their high value for human health, few studies have been carried out on the genetics of ax content in durum wheat. | 2015 | 26176552 |
| assessment of genetic heterogeneity in structured plant populations using multivariate whole-genome regression models. | plant breeding populations exhibit varying levels of structure and admixture; these features are likely to induce heterogeneity of marker effects across subpopulations. traditionally, structure has been dealt with as a potential confounder, and various methods exist to "correct" for population stratification. however, these methods induce a mean correction that does not account for heterogeneity of marker effects. the animal breeding literature offers a few recent studies that consider modeling ... | 2015 | 26122758 |
| synchrotron-based x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy imaging for laterally resolved speciation of selenium in fresh roots and leaves of wheat and rice. | knowledge of the distribution of selenium (se) species within plant tissues will assist in understanding the mechanisms of se uptake and translocation, but in situ analysis of fresh and highly hydrated plant tissues is challenging. using synchrotron-based fluorescence x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (xanes) imaging to provide laterally resolved data, the speciation of se in fresh roots and leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) supplied with 1 μm of either sele ... | 2015 | 26019258 |
| novel and conserved heat-responsive micrornas in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | micrornas (mirnas) are small endogenous rnas of ~22 nucleotides that have been shown to play regulatory role by negatively affecting the expression of genes at the post-transcriptional level. information of mirnas on some important crops like soybean, arabidopsis, and rice, etc. are available, but no study on heat-responsive novel mirnas has yet been reported in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). in the present investigation, a popular wheat cultivar hd2985 was used in small rna library construction ... | 2015 | 25480755 |
| automated recovery of three-dimensional models of plant shoots from multiple color images. | increased adoption of the systems approach to biological research has focused attention on the use of quantitative models of biological objects. this includes a need for realistic three-dimensional (3d) representations of plant shoots for quantification and modeling. previous limitations in single-view or multiple-view stereo algorithms have led to a reliance on volumetric methods or expensive hardware to record plant structure. we present a fully automatic approach to image-based 3d plant recon ... | 2014 | 25332504 |
| quality characteristics of gluten free cookies prepared from different flour combinations. | the present investigation was undertaken on the utilization of alternate flours/meals (rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), sorghum (sorghum vulgare) and pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) for the preparation of gluten free cookies as compared to conventional wheat (triticum aestivum) flour cookies. the physicochemical parameters, sensory qualities and functional properties of flours/cookies were studied and compared with control cookies. the blend of maize and pearl millet had best pasting qua ... | 2014 | 24741176 |
| efficient genome-wide detection and cataloging of ems-induced mutations using exome capture and next-generation sequencing. | chemical mutagenesis efficiently generates phenotypic variation in otherwise homogeneous genetic backgrounds, enabling functional analysis of genes. advances in mutation detection have brought the utility of induced mutant populations on par with those produced by insertional mutagenesis, but systematic cataloguing of mutations would further increase their utility. we examined the suitability of multiplexed global exome capture and sequencing coupled with custom-developed bioinformatics tools to ... | 2014 | 24728647 |
| characterization of the caleosin gene family in the triticeae. | the caleosin genes encode proteins with a single conserved ef hand calcium-binding domain and comprise small gene families found in a wide range of plant species. some members of the gene family have been shown to be upregulated by environmental stresses including low water availability and high salinity. caleosin 3 from wheat has been shown to interact with the α-subunit of the heterotrimeric g proteins, and to act as a gtpase activating protein (gap). this study characterizes the size and dive ... | 2014 | 24673767 |
| genomic changes at the early stage of somatic hybridization. | a broad spectrum of genetic and epigenetic changes is induced by wide hybridization and subsequent polyploidization, but the timing of these events remains obscure because early hybrid cells are very difficult to harvest and analyze. here, we used both cytological and genetic marker approaches to analyze the constitution of very young somatic hybrid cells between japonica rice (oryza sativa l. subsp japonica) and indica rice (oryza sativa l. subsp indica) and between japonica rice and bread whea ... | 2014 | 24668681 |
| the trafficking pathway of a wheat storage protein in transgenic rice endosperm. | the trafficking of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) of plant cells is a topic of considerable interest since this organelle serves as an entry point for proteins destined for other organelles, as well as for the er itself. in the current work, transgenic rice was used to study the pattern and pathway of deposition of the wheat high molecular weight (hmw) glutenin sub-unit (gs) 1dx5 within the rice endosperm using specific antibodies to determine whether it is deposited in the same or d ... | 2014 | 24603605 |
| characterization and phylogenetic analysis of allergenic tryp_alpha_amyl protein family in plants. | most known allergenic proteins in rice ( oryza sativa ) seed belong to the tryp_alpha_amyl family (pf00234), but the sequence characterization and the evolution of the allergenic tryp_alpha_amyl family members in plants have not been fully investigated. in this study, two specific motifs were found besides the common alpha-amylase inhibitors (aai) domain from the allergenic tryp_alpha_amyl family members in rice seeds (trrsas). to understand the evolution and functional importance of the tryp_al ... | 2014 | 24328177 |
| quality characteristics of bread produced from wheat, rice and maize flours. | rice (oryza sativa) flour and maize (zea mays) meal substitution in wheat (triticum aestivum) flour, from 0 to 100% each, for the production of bread was investigated. the proximate analysis, pasting properties, bread making qualities of raw materials and sensory evaluation of the bread samples were determined. the pasting temperature increased with increased percentage of rice flour and maize meal. but the other pasting characters decreased with the higher proportion of rice flour. the baking a ... | 2012 | 24293700 |
| laterally resolved speciation of arsenic in roots of wheat and rice using fluorescence-xanes imaging. | • accumulation of arsenic (as) within plant tissues represents a human health risk, but there remains much to learn regarding the speciation of as within plants. • we developed synchrotron-based fluorescence-x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (fluorescence-xanes) imaging in hydrated and fresh plant tissues to provide laterally resolved data on the in situ speciation of as in roots of wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa) exposed to 2 μm as(v) or as(iii). • when exposed to as(v), ... | 2014 | 24206613 |
| cloning and characterization of endo-β-1,4-glucanase genes in the common wheat line three pistils. | in this work, we report the cloning and characterization of endo-β-1,4-glucanase (egase) genes (taeg) in the common wheat line three pistils. three taeg homoeologous genes (taeg-4a, taeg-4b and taeg-4d) were isolated and found to be located on chromosomes 4al, 4bs and 4ds, respectively. the three genes showed high conservation of their coding nucleotide sequences and 3 untranslated region. the putative taeg protein had a molecular mass of 69 kda, a theoretical pi of 9.39 and a transmembrane doma ... | 2013 | 24130448 |
| unique and conserved micrornas in wheat chromosome 5d revealed by next-generation sequencing. | micrornas are a class of short, non-coding, single-stranded rnas that act as post-transcriptional regulators in gene expression. mirna analysis of triticum aestivum chromosome 5d was performed on 454 gs flx titanium sequences of flow-sorted chromosome 5d with a total of 3,208,630 good quality reads representing 1.34x and 1.61x coverage of the short (5ds) and long (5dl) arms of the chromosome respectively. in silico and structural analyses revealed a total of 55 mirnas; 48 and 42 mirnas were foun ... | 2013 | 23936103 |
| genetic dissection of yield and its component traits using high-density composite map of wheat chromosome 3a: bridging gaps between qtls and underlying genes. | earlier we identified wheat (triticum aestivum l.) chromosome 3a as a major determinant of grain yield and its component traits. in the present study, a high-density genetic linkage map of 81 chromosome 3a-specific markers was developed to increase the precision of previously identified yield component qtls, and to map qtls for biomass-related traits. many of the previously identified qtls for yield and its component traits were confirmed and were localized to narrower intervals. four novel qtls ... | 2013 | 23894667 |
| evidence for adaptive evolution of low-temperature stress response genes in a pooideae grass ancestor. | adaptation to temperate environments is common in the grass subfamily pooideae, suggesting an ancestral origin of cold climate adaptation. here, we investigated substitution rates of genes involved in low-temperature-induced (lti) stress responses to test the hypothesis that adaptive molecular evolution of lti pathway genes was important for pooideae evolution. substitution rates and signatures of positive selection were analyzed using 4330 gene trees including three warm climate-adapted species ... | 2013 | 23701123 |
| [optimized condition for protoplast isolation from maize, wheat and rice leaves]. | maize (zea mays l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) are three staple crops and accordingly it is very meaningful to optimize the condition of their protoplasts isolation. the concentration of the enzyme, the time of isolation and centrifugal force in protoplast isolation were investigated to find their effects on protoplast yield and viability using leaves of maize (zong 3), wheat (chinese spring) and rice (nipponbare). the results show that the concentration of the enzy ... | 2013 | 23697167 |
| diversity analysis of biocontrol bacillus isolated from rhizospheric soil of rice-wheat (oryza sativa-triticum aestivum l.) at india. | | 2013 | 23695416 |
| a radiation hybrid map of chromosome 1d reveals synteny conservation at a wheat speciation locus. | the species cytoplasm specific (scs) genes affect nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions in interspecific hybrids. a radiation hybrid (rh) mapping population of 188 individuals was employed to refine the location of the scs (ae) locus on triticum aestivum chromosome 1d. "wheat zapper," a comparative genomics tool, was used to predict synteny between wheat chromosome 1d, oryza sativa, brachypodium distachyon, and sorghum bicolor. a total of 57 markers were developed based on synteny or literature and g ... | 2013 | 23479086 |
| prececal digestibility of various sources of starch in minipigs with or without experimentally induced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. | low prececal digestibility of starch leads to a higher starch flux into the hindgut, causing a forced microbial fermentation, energy losses, and meteorism. for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (epi), lack of pancreatic amylase can be compensated mostly by hindgut fermentation of starch. even in pigs with complete loss of pancreatic secretion, starch digestibility over the entire tract is reaching levels of controls. to optimize diets for human patients with epi, the proportion of starch that is ... | 2012 | 23365290 |
| effects of pulses of elevated carbon dioxide concentration on stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in wheat and rice. | systems for exposing plants to elevated concentrations of co₂ may expose plants to pulses of co₂ concentrations considerably above the control set point. the importance of such pulses to plant function is unknown. single leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum cv choptank) and rice (oryza sativa cv akitakomachi) were exposed for 30 minutes to pulses of elevated co₂ similar to the frequency, duration and magnitude of pulses observed in free-air co₂ enrichment systems. stomatal conductance decreased wi ... | 2013 | 23368841 |
| more spikelets1 is required for spikelet fate in the inflorescence of brachypodium. | grasses produce florets on a structure called a spikelet, and variation in the number and arrangement of both branches and spikelets contributes to the great diversity of grass inflorescence architecture. in brachypodium (brachypodium distachyon), the inflorescence is an unbranched spike with a terminal spikelet and a limited number of lateral spikelets. spikelets are indeterminate and give rise to a variable number of florets. here, we provide a detailed description of the stages of inflorescen ... | 2013 | 23355632 |
| transposon-mediated alteration of tamate1b expression in wheat confers constitutive citrate efflux from root apices. | the tamate1b gene (for multidrug and toxic compound extrusion) from wheat (triticum aestivum) was isolated and shown to encode a citrate transporter that is located on the plasma membrane. tamate1b expression in roots was induced by iron deficiency but not by phosphorus deficiency or aluminum treatment. the coding region of tamate1b was identical in a genotype showing citrate efflux from root apices (cv carazinho) to one that lacked citrate efflux (cv egret). however, sequence upstream of the co ... | 2013 | 23204428 |
| down-regulation of the tagw2 gene by rna interference results in decreased grain size and weight in wheat. | for important food crops such as wheat and rice, grain yield depends on grain number and size. in rice (oryza sativa), gw2 was isolated from a major quantitative trait locus for yield and encodes an e3 ring ligase that negatively regulates grain size. wheat (triticum aestivum) has tagw2 homologues in the a, b, and d genomes, and polymorphisms in tagw2-a were associated with grain width. here, to investigate tagw2 function, rna interference (rnai) was used to down-regulate tagw2 transcript levels ... | 2012 | 22996678 |
| a shrunken-2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase the frequency of seed development. | the maize (zea mays) shrunken-2 (sh2) gene encodes the large subunit of the rate-limiting starch biosynthetic enzyme, adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase. expression of a transgenic form of the enzyme with enhanced heat stability and reduced phosphate inhibition increased maize yield up to 64%. the extent of the yield increase is dependent on temperatures during the first 4 d post pollination, and yield is increased if average daily high temperatures exceed 33 °c. as found in wheat (triticum aestivum) ... | 2012 | 22751213 |
| development of a deletion and genetic linkage map for the 5a and 5b chromosomes of wheat (triticum aestivum). | the aims of the present study were to provide deletion maps for wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) chromosomes 5a and 5b and a detailed genetic map of chromosome 5a enriched with popular microsatellite markers, which could be compared with other existing maps and useful for mapping major genes and quantitative traits loci (qtl). physical mapping of 165 gssr and est-ssr markers was conducted by amplifying each primer pair on chinese spring, aneuploid lines, and deletion lines for the homoeologous grou ... | 2012 | 22624876 |
| sequence composition and gene content of the short arm of rye (secale cereale) chromosome 1. | the purpose of the study is to elucidate the sequence composition of the short arm of rye chromosome 1 (secale cereale) with special focus on its gene content, because this portion of the rye genome is an integrated part of several hundreds of bread wheat varieties worldwide. | 2012 | 22328922 |
| the temporal and species dynamics of photosynthetic acclimation in flag leaves of rice (oryza sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum) under elevated carbon dioxide. | in this study, we tested for the temporal occurrence of photosynthetic acclimation to elevated [co₂] in the flag leaf of two important cereal crops, rice and wheat. in order to characterize the temporal onset of acclimation and the basis for any observed decline in photosynthetic rate, we characterized net photosynthesis, g(s) , g(m) , c(i) /c(a) , c(i) /c(c) , v(cmax) , j(max) , cell wall thickness, content of rubisco, cytochrome (cyt) f, n, chlorophyll and carbohydrate, mrna expression for rbc ... | 2012 | 22268610 |
| [effects of intercropping sedum plumbizincicola in wheat growth season under wheat-rice rotation on the crops growth and their heavy metals uptake from different soil types]. | a pot experiment with heavy metals- contaminated black soil from heilongjiang province, alluvial soil from henan province, and paddy soil from zhejiang province was conducted to study the effects of intercropping sedum plumbizincicola in wheat growth season under wheat (triticum aestivum) - rice (oryza sativa) rotation on the growth of the crops and their heavy metals uptake, aimed to explore the feasibility of simultaneous grain production and heavy metals-contaminated soil phytoremediation in ... | 2011 | 22263481 |
| a 3,000-loci transcription map of chromosome 3b unravels the structural and functional features of gene islands in hexaploid wheat. | to improve our understanding of the organization and regulation of the wheat (triticum aestivum) gene space, we established a transcription map of a wheat chromosome (3b) by hybridizing a newly developed wheat expression microarray with bacterial artificial chromosome pools from a new version of the 3b physical map as well as with cdna probes derived from 15 rna samples. mapping data for almost 3,000 genes showed that the gene space spans the whole chromosome 3b with a 2-fold increase of gene de ... | 2011 | 22034626 |
| comparative transcriptomics reveals 129 transcripts that are temporally regulated during anther development and meiotic progression in both bread wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa). | meiosis is a specialised type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that generates genetic diversity and prevents chromosome doubling in successive generations. the last decade has seen forward and reverse genetic approaches identifying many genes in the plant kingdom which highlight similarities and differences in the mechanics of meiosis between taxonomic kingdoms. we present here a high throughput in silico analysis, using bread wheat and rice, which has generated a list of 129 t ... | 2011 | 22028702 |
| differential molecular responses of rice and wheat coleoptiles to anoxia reveal novel metabolic adaptations in amino acid metabolism for tissue tolerance. | rice (oryza sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum) are the most important starch crops in world agriculture. while both germinate with an anatomically similar coleoptile, this tissue defines the early anoxia tolerance of rice and the anoxia intolerance of wheat seedlings. we combined protein and metabolite profiling analysis to compare the differences in response to anoxia between the rice and wheat coleoptiles. rice coleoptiles responded to anoxia dramatically, not only at the level of protein s ... | 2011 | 21622811 |