| [ethmoid adenocarcinoma: a series of 17 cases]. | ethmoid adenocarcinoma are and represent rare, 2.5 to 3% of head and neck cancers. the 5-year survival is around 50% for all stages. we present a series of 17 patients treated in our institution. | 2003 | 14726849 |
| restoration of euthyroidism accelerates bone turnover in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a randomized controlled trial. | this study evaluated the effect of physiological l-thyroxine (l-t4) treatment on bone metabolism in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. sixty-six women with subclinical hypothyroidism (tsh 11.7 +/- 0.8 miu/l) were randomly assigned to receive l-t4 or placebo for 48 weeks. sixty-one of 66 patients completed the study. individual l-t4 replacement (mean dosage 85.5 +/- 4.3 microg/day) was performed targeting euthyroid thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) levels. the primary outcome measure was 2 ... | 2004 | 14727010 |
| misplacement of a psoas compartment catheter in the subarachnoid space. | this case report describes an unusual cause of misplacement of an indwelling catheter in the subarachnoid space after primary psoas compartment block in a patient undergoing total knee arthroplasty. | 2004 | 14727281 |
| [the expression and clinical implication of inducible nitric oxide synthase mrna in laryngeal carcinoma and hypopharyngeal carcinoma]. | to study the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(inos) mrna in laryngeal carcinoma and hypopharyngeal carcinoma and its clinical significance. | 2003 | 14727435 |
| preoperative chemoradiotherapy versus preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer patients: assessment of acute toxicity and treatment compliance. report of the 22921 randomised trial conducted by the eortc radiotherapy group. | the european organisation for research and treatment of cancer (eortc) 22921 four-arm randomised trial questioned the value of preoperative chemoradiation (xrt-ct) versus preoperative radiation (xrt) and the value of additional postoperative chemotherapy (ct) versus none in t3-t4 m0 resectable rectal cancer patients. we report on the preoperative toxicity, treatment compliance and early deaths (all deaths up to 30 days after surgery) of the two treatment modalities in patients who were entered i ... | 2004 | 14728936 |
| expression of type ii iodothyronine deiodinase marks the time that a tissue responds to thyroid hormone-induced metamorphosis in xenopus laevis. | the thyroid gland synthesizes thyroxine (t4), which passes through the larval tadpole's circulatory system. the enzyme type ii iodothyronine deiodinase (d2) converts thyroxine (t4) to the active hormone 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (t3) in peripheral tissues. an early response to thyroid hormone (th) in the xenopus laevis tadpole is the stimulation of cell division in cells that line the brain ventricles, the lumen of the spinal cord, and the limb buds. these cells express constitutively high levels ... | 2004 | 14729480 |
| bacteriophage t4 32 protein is required for helicase-dependent leading strand synthesis when the helicase is loaded by the t4 59 helicase-loading protein. | in the bacteriophage t4 dna replication system, t4 gene 59 protein binds preferentially to fork dna and accelerates the loading of the t4 41 helicase. 59 protein also binds the t4 32 single-stranded dna-binding protein that coats the lagging strand template. here we explore the function of the strong affinity between the 32 and 59 proteins at the replication fork. we show that, in contrast to the 59 helicase loader, 32 protein does not bind forked dna more tightly than linear dna. 32 protein dis ... | 2004 | 14729909 |
| recurrent advanced (t3 or t4) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: is salvage possible? | salvage surgery is often the only curative option for recurrent cancer. in patients whose initial tumor is stage t3 or t4, the primary therapy often makes salvage even more difficult. we therefore analyzed the outcome in patients who were originally treated for t3 or t4 squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, larynx, oropharynx, or hypopharynx and who then had a recurrence and chose to undergo further therapy for cure. | 2004 | 14732765 |
| [effect of local immunotherapy of interleukin 2(il-2) in combination with chemotherapy upon intratumoral lymphocytes in oral squamous cell carcinomas]. | to evaluate the effect of locoregional immunotherapy of interleukin 2 (il-2) in combination with chemotherapy upon intratumoral lymphocytes in oral squamous cell carcinomas. | 2003 | 14732977 |
| analysis of the lambdoid prophage element e14 in the e. coli k-12 genome. | many sequenced bacterial genomes harbor phage-like elements or cryptic prophages. these elements have been implicated in pathogenesis, serotype conversion and phage immunity. the e14 element is a defective lambdoid prophage element present at 25 min in the e. coli k-12 genome. this prophage encodes important functional genes such as lit (t4 exclusion), mcra (modified cytosine restriction activity) and pin (recombinase). | 2004 | 14733619 |
| distant structural homology leads to the functional characterization of an archaeal pin domain as an exonuclease. | genome sequencing projects have focused attention on the problem of discovering the functions of protein domains that are widely distributed throughout living species but which are, as yet, largely uncharacterized. one such example is the pin domain, found in eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea, and with suggested roles in signaling, rnase editing, and/or nucleotide binding. the first reported crystal structure of a pin domain (open reading frame pae2754, derived from the crenarchaeon, pyrobaculum ... | 2004 | 14734548 |
| effects of racing and nontraining on plasma thyroid hormone concentrations in sled dogs. | to determine the effects of racing and nontraining on plasma thyroxine (t4), free thyroxine (ft4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh), and thyroglobulin autoantibody (tgaa) concentrations in sled dogs and compare results with reference ranges established for dogs of other breeds. | 2004 | 14736066 |
| do younger women with non-metastatic and non-inflammatory breast carcinoma have poor prognosis? | controversy abounds over whether breast cancer in younger women is more aggressive than those in older. the aim of the study was to assess the influence of age on long-term survival of women with breast carcinoma. | 2004 | 14736343 |
| the forces applied by female and male chiropractors during thoracic spinal manipulation. | on average, women weigh less, have a smaller frame, and are less muscular than men. since the peak thrust force applied during spinal manipulative treatments can be quite high and must be reached in a very short period of time, one might question the physical ability of women to generate such high forces. | 2004 | 14739874 |
| [malignomas of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses: clinical characteristics, therapy and prognosis of different tumor types]. | malignomas of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses count for less than 3 % of the ent-malignancies. | 2004 | 14740304 |
| is helicobacter pylori infection a necessary condition for noncardia gastric cancer? | although the association between helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer is well established, this association might have been underestimated in epidemiologic studies because of possible clearance of the infection in the course of disease development. the authors addressed this hypothesis in a case-control study from saarland, germany (68 cases first diagnosed between 1996 and 1998 and 360 controls), with serologic assessment of h. pylori infection in which various exclusion criteria we ... | 2004 | 14742285 |
| effect of selenium depletion and supplementation on the kinetics of type i 5'-iodothyronine deiodinase and t3/t4 in rats. | presently, the effect of selenium (se) deficiency and excess of se (1 ppm) on the activity of selenoenzymes type 1 5'-iodothyronine deiodinase (5'-di), glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px), and level of thyroid hormones (t3 and t4) was studied in rats. se levels in the serum and liver, t3 and t4 in the serum, gsh-px levels in the liver, and 5'-di activity in the liver/aorta/thyroid were estimated after 1, 2, and 3 mo of se-deficient (0.02 ppm), se-adequate (0.2 ppm), and se-excess (1 ppm) diet feedin ... | 2004 | 14742903 |
| intraoperative effects of combined versus general anesthesia during major liver surgery. | the study compares the intraoperative effects of combined versus general anesthesia during major liver surgery. | 2003 | 14743120 |
| [application of bi-pedicel and bi-muscle flaps for the expanded partial laryngectomy in the patients with t3t4 laryngeal cancer]. | to evaluate the application of bi-pedicel and bi-muscle flaps for the expanded partial laryngectomy in the patients with t3t4 larynx cancer. | 2003 | 14743641 |
| [preliminary study on the correlation factors of cervical lymphatic metastasis of glottic carcinoma]. | to investigate the incidence of occult nodal in glottic carcinoma and access the correlation between the cervical lymph nodes metastases and originals of tumor. | 2003 | 14743645 |
| noninflammatory breast carcinoma with skin involvement. | according to the tnm supplement, only breast carcinoma with macroscopic 'classic' skin changes (e.g., edema, peau d'orange, ulceration) should be placed in the t4 category; the classification of tumors with histologically proven skin involvement but no clinical skin changes or only discreet changes should be based on the size of the tumor (t1-3). to the authors' knowledge, no data supporting these recommendations have been reported to date. | 2004 | 14745862 |
| should decisions on internal mammary lymph node irradiation be based on current lymphoscintigraphy techniques for sentinel lymph node identification? | treatment of internal mammary lymph node (imn) metastases remains controversial because of the difficulty in predicting involvement, potential treatment-related morbidity, and questionable efficacy. lymphoscintigraphy with sentinel lymph node biopsy offers a means to identify occult involvement of imn, allowing appropriate patient selection for imn treatment. | 2004 | 14745867 |
| effects of maternal exposure to diethylstilbestrol on the development of the reproductive system and thyroid function in male and female rat offspring. | diethylstilbestrol (des) was administered subcutaneously at 1.5 or 15 microg/kg/day (des 1.5 group, des 15 group) to pregnant sd rats daily on days 7-21 of gestation to investigate its effects on the development and functions of the reproductive system and thyroid gland in their offspring. of the 11 pregnant rats in the des 15 group, only one delivered a live pup. rat pups in the des 1.5 group were autopsied at 1, 3, or 6 weeks after birth. in the des 1.5 group, the plasma t4 concentrations at a ... | 2003 | 14746342 |
| chemical synthesis of selenium-modified oligoribonucleotides and their enzymatic ligation leading to an u6 snrna stem-loop segment. | the derivatization of nucleic acids with selenium is highly promising to facilitate nucleic acids structure determination by x-ray crystallography using the multiwavelength anomalous dispersion (mad) technique. the foundation for such an approach has been laid by huang, egli, and co-workers and was exemplified on small dna duplexes. here, we present a comprehensive study on the preparation of rnas containing 2'-se-methylpyrimidine nucleoside labels. this includes the synthesis of a novel 2'-se-m ... | 2004 | 14746483 |
| reference dose for perchlorate based on thyroid hormone change in pregnant women as the critical effect. | the most relevant data for developing a reference dose (rfd) for perchlorate exposures comes from human epidemiology and clinical studies, supplemented with available and extensive information on experimental animals. specifically, serum t4 decrease is the critical effect of perchlorate, based on a mode-of-action analysis and the evidence provided by the body of rodent studies on perchlorate. however, no t4 decreases have been observed in human populations following perchlorate exposure at non-t ... | 2004 | 14746779 |
| predicting the node-negative mesorectum after preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal carcinoma. | preoperative chemoradiation therapy (crt) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer allows for radical surgery with sphincter preservation in many patients. to determine whether patients downsized with preoperative crt may be potential candidates for local excision, we investigated residual disease patterns after neoadjuvant treatment. a retrospective analysis was carried out of patients with t3 or t4 rectal adenocarcinoma who were treated with neoadjuvant crt. clinical and pathologic data ... | 2004 | 14746836 |
| the poor responsiveness of infiltrating lobular breast carcinomas to neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be explained by their biological profile. | the aim of this study was to determine the chemosensitivity of infiltrating lobular breast carcinoma (ilc) in comparison with infiltrating ductal carcinoma (idc). between 1987 and 1995, 457 patients with invasive t2>3 cm-t4 breast carcinomas were treated with primary chemotherapy (ct), surgery, radiation therapy. clinical response, the possibility of breast preservation, pathological response and survival were evaluated according to the histological type. in order to evaluate the biological diff ... | 2004 | 14746851 |
| characterization of a baculovirus enzyme with rna ligase, polynucleotide 5'-kinase, and polynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activities. | the end-healing and end-sealing steps of the phage t4-induced rna restriction-repair pathway are performed by two separate enzymes, a bifunctional polynucleotide 5'-kinase/3'-phosphatase and an atp-dependent rna ligase. here we show that a single trifunctional baculovirus enzyme, rna ligase 1 (rnl1), catalyzes the identical set of rna repair reactions. three enzymatic activities of baculovirus rnl1 are organized in a modular fashion within a 694-amino acid polypeptide consisting of an autonomous ... | 2004 | 14747466 |
| effects of levothyroxine suppressive therapy on bone mineral density in premenopausal women. | levothyroxine (l-t4) is widely prescribed for treating thyroid disorders, but its effect on bone mineral density (bmd), is being debated. | 2004 | 14748891 |
| distribution of anterior cortical shear strain after a thoracic wedge compression fracture. | vertebral compression fractures (vcfs) are a common clinical problem and may follow trauma or be pathological. osteoporosis increases susceptibility to fracture by reducing bone mass and weakening bone architecture. approximately 2.5 million osteoporotic fractures occur worldwide annually, usually involving the vertebrae, wrist and hip. in the united states 700,000 vcfs occur annually, causing significant morbidity, mortality and economic burden. an initial vcf often leads to subsequent vcfs. th ... | 2004 | 14749196 |
| effects of thyroid hormone on the cardiovascular system. | increased or reduced action of thyroid hormone on certain molecular pathways in the heart and vasculature causes relevant cardiovascular derangements. it is well established that overt hyperthyroidism induces a hyperdynamic cardiovascular state (high cardiac output with low systemic vascular resistance), which is associated with a faster heart rate, enhanced left ventricular (lv) systolic and diastolic function, and increased prevalence of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias - namely, atrial fibri ... | 2004 | 14749496 |
| pcbs, hexachlorobenzene and dde are not associated with recurrent miscarriage. | a case-control study was designed to evaluate any associations between high exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb), hexachlorobenzene (hcb) and the 1,1,1,-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane (ddt) metabolite 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (dde) and recurrent miscarriage and immunoendocrine abnormalities. | 2003 | 14750556 |
| bioluminescent immunoassay of thyrotropin and thyroxine using obelin as a label. | solid-phase bioluminescent immunoassay of thyroid hormones, human thyrotropin (htsh) and two forms of thyroxine (t4), whose determinations are vitally important for diagnostics of thyroid diseases and the efficiency of treatment, is described. the recombinant obelin, a ca(2+)-regulated photoprotein originally derived from the luminous marine hydroid obelia longissima, is employed as a bioluminescent label. to produce obelin conjugates with anti-htsh, anti-t4 immunoglobulins (igg), and t4, additi ... | 2004 | 14751258 |
| where next with preoperative radiation therapy for rectal cancer? | purpose: the basic question for radiation oncologists is what we hope to achieve from treatments that are adjuvant to surgery: better local (pelvic) control and, hopefully, because of that, fewer metastases. chemotherapy could add to the local effect of irradiation and may also decrease distant metastases directly. selection criteria for individual treatment could enhance the therapeutic index. local control: total mesorectal excision reduces the incidence of local recurrence, but preoperative ( ... | 2004 | 14751533 |
| preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma: comparison of helical ct and endoscopic us. | to compare the performance of helical computed tomography (ct) and endoscopic ultrasonography (us) in the preoperative staging of gastric cancer. | 2004 | 14752188 |
| thoracic pedicle morphometry in vertebrae from scoliotic spines. | a morphometric analysis of thoracic pedicles in vertebrae from scoliotic specimens. | 2004 | 14752344 |
| free hand pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine: is it safe? | a retrospective study. | 2004 | 14752359 |
| the patterns of relapse in osteosarcoma: the memorial sloan-kettering experience. | with the introduction of intensive high-dose chemotherapy for the treatment of osteosarcoma, changes in the pattern of metastases observed at relapse have been reported. to further investigate this hypothesis, the relapse patterns among groups receiving chemotherapy regimens of variable intensity at memorial sloan-kettering cancer center were analyzed. | 2004 | 14752794 |
| [summary of the practice guideline 'pregnancy and puerperium' from the dutch college of general practitioners]. | during the first trimester of pregnancy, obstetric care concentrates particularly on assessment of gestational age (by history taking or if menstrual history is unclear, ultrasonography) and on the assessment of obstetric or medical risk factors necessitating a referral for specialist care. tracing hereditary conditions in relatives is important as this is a reason for antenatal screening for congenital abnormalities. in comparison to the previous guideline, blood testing in the first trimester ... | 2004 | 14753127 |
| mr staging of primary colorectal carcinoma: comparison with surgical and histopathologic findings. | we retrospectively evaluated the accuracy of magnetic resonance (mr) imaging in staging colorectal cancer and assessing local tumor extent, nodal involvement, and distant abdominal and pelvic metastases. | 2003 | 14753591 |
| recognition of dna substrates by t4 bacteriophage polynucleotide kinase. | t4 phage polynucleotide kinase (pnk) displays 5'-hydroxyl kinase, 3'-phosphatase and 2',3'-cyclic phosphodiesterase activities. the enzyme phosphorylates the 5' hydroxyl termini of a wide variety of nucleic acid substrates, a behavior studied here through the determination of a series of crystal structures with single-stranded (ss)dna oligonucleotide substrates of various lengths and sequences. in these structures, the 5' ribose hydroxyl is buried in the kinase active site in proper alignment fo ... | 2004 | 14754987 |
| endoscopic vertical partial laryngectomy. | to explain the significant difference between microlaryngoscopy with cordectomy and endoscopic vertical partial laryngectomy (evpl), to describe the efficacy of evpl on t1b and t2 glottic squamous cell carcinoma, and to evaluate evpl with postoperative irradiation in t2 glottic cancer with impaired true vocal cord mobility. | 2004 | 14755197 |
| [treatment of the no neck in supraglottic cancer]. | occult regional metastases in supraglottic cancer no are the object of classical controversies. the aim of our study is to provide our experience in order to determine how neck treatment affects on regional recurrence of no supraglottic cancer. | 2003 | 14755919 |
| effects of recombinant growth hormone therapy on thyroid hormone concentrations. | there are numerous, often contradictory reports on the effects of growth hormone (gh) therapy on thyroid function. the aim of this study was to assess the effect of such therapy on serum concentrations of thyroid hormones in gh-deficient children euthyroid prior to the treatment, and to determine the necessity of thyroid hormone administration in these patients. | 2004 | 14756384 |
| relocation or duplication of the helix a sequence of t4 lysozyme causes only modest changes in structure but can increase or decrease the rate of folding. | in t4 lysozyme, helix a is located at the amino terminus of the sequence but is associated with the c-terminal domain in the folded structure. to investigate the implications of this arrangement for the folding of the protein, we first created a circularly permuted variant with a new amino terminus at residue 12. in effect, this moves the sequence corresponding to helix a from the n- to the c-terminus of the molecule. the protein crystallized nonisomorphously with the wild type but has a very si ... | 2004 | 14756565 |
| tissue-specific effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) on the activity of 5'-deiodinases i and ii in rats. | thyroid hormones play a complex role in the toxicity of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans and related compounds. we investigated the toxicological significance of 5'-deiodinases i and ii (5'-di and 5'-dii) in the altered thyroid hormone status of tcdd-treated rats. time courses and dose responses were determined for serum thyroxine (t4) and triiodothyronine (t3) levels, for 5'-di activity in thyroid gland, liver and kidney, and for 5'-dii activity in brown adipose tissue (bat). tcdd-t ... | 2004 | 14757317 |
| flavonoids and thyroid disease. | the most potent natural plant-derived compounds that can affect thyroid function, thyroid hormone secretion and availability to tissues is the group of flavonoids, i.e. plant pigments. they are present in our daily food, such as vegetables, fruits, grains, nuts, wine, and tea. epidemiological studies suggest beneficial effects on health of flavonoids, which are commonly attributed to their activity as antioxidants. experimental studies in vitro, however, showed inhibition of organification in th ... | 2003 | 14757961 |
| reconstruction of large composite oromandibulomaxillary defects with free vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps. | large composite oromandibulomaxillary defects resulting from oncologic resection can be challenging to reconstruct with a single flap, and functional outcomes remain anecdotal. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the authors' surgical experience and scientifically analyze and describe the functional outcomes associated with the use of the vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of these defects. the records of seven patients (mean age, 62 years) who underwent composi ... | 2004 | 14758209 |
| [manifestations of selective visual attention in human parietal and temporal cortex according to evoked potentials]. | the event-related potentials (erps) in visual discrimination task in parietal and temporal cortical areas were recorded in 11 young adults during passive observation (involuntary attention) and target selection (voluntary attention). the voluntary selective attention resulted in: 1) increased erp correlation between the parietal; and temporal cortical areas; 2) increased correlation of sequential erps in monopolar leads (p3, p4, t3, t4, t5, t6); and 3) increased correlation of sequential erps in ... | 2003 | 14758613 |
| circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (vcam-1) and e-selectin in urological malignancies. | several studies suggest that cellular adhesion molecules (cam) play a role in cancer progression and metastasis. to evaluate the role of these molecules as possible tumor markers in patients with urological malignancies, we examined the serum levels of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1), vascular cellcular adhesion molecule-1 (vcam-1) and e-selectin in patients with renal cell-, bladder-, prostate- and testicular cancer. serum levels of 237 patients with urological cancers, renal ce ... | 2001 | 14758878 |
| effects of a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (aroclor 1254) on the transcriptional activity of thyroid hormone receptor. | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) are environmental contaminants which may affect thyroid function. pcbs may reduce serum thyroid hormone (th) concentrations by either displacing t4 from th transport proteins or increasing its hepatic metabolism. the reduced serum t4 causes neurological and growth defects in animals exposed to pcbs during the perinatal period, which can partially be reverted by t4 administration. in addition to a hypothyroid-like syndrome, a direct action of pcbs on th-sensitive ... | 2003 | 14759069 |
| t4 but not t3 administration is associated with increased recurrence of graves' disease after successful medical therapy. | tsh has been incriminated in graves' disease for increasing the production of antibodies against tsh receptor (trab). it has been, therefore, suggested that t4 administration after successful antithyroid drug (atd) treatment may indirectly decrease the production of trab and, therefore, the frequency of recurrence of hyperthyroidism. to study the role of t4 and t3 on the recurrence rate of graves' disease 108 patients with graves' disease (22 males, age: 49.8 +/- 14.3 yr, mean +/- sd, and 86 fem ... | 2003 | 14759070 |
| three-week thyroxine withdrawal thyroglobulin stimulation screening test to detect low-risk residual/recurrent well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. | measurement of serum tsh-stimulated thyroglobulin (tg) is recognized as a sensitive method for detecting residual/recurrent well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (wdtc) in patients previously treated by surgery and radioactive iodine (rai) ablation therapy. wdtc patients who have an undetectable serum tg on thyroid hormone therapy (tht) in the absence of tg-antibody interference are considered to be at low risk for residual/recurrent disease. traditional management has been to withdraw t4 for 4- ... | 2003 | 14759077 |
| influence of bone invasion and extent of mandibular resection on local control of cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx. | the aim of this paper was to evaluate the influence of bone invasion on treatment outcome among patients with cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx and to determine whether or not outcome was influenced by the extent of mandibular resection. a review of 127 prospectively documented patients who were treated with marginal or segmental resection for oral (n = 110) and oropharyngeal (n = 17) cancers was undertaken. there were 97 males and 30 females with a median age of 61 years. clinical t sta ... | 2003 | 14759107 |
| growth and water relations of eucalyptus marginata (jarrah) stands in response to thinning and fertilization. | we studied the effects of five thinning treatments (t1 = 5.5, t2 = 11, t3 = 16.5, t4 = 22.5 and t5 = 28.5 m(2) ha(-1) basal area under bark) x two fertilizer treatments (f0 = unfertilized and f1 = fertilized with 400 kg ha(-1) n plus 229 kg ha(-1) p) on growth and water relations of pole-sized eucalyptus marginata j. donn ex sm. trees growing in southwestern australia. thinning reduced leaf area index (lai) from 2.1 in the t4 and t5 treatments to 0.8 in the t1f0 treatment. fertilizer had no effe ... | 1997 | 14759866 |
| the identification of free-living environmental isolates of amoebae from bulgaria. | a survey was carried out in bulgaria to determine the presence of free-living amoebae (fla) from environmental sources. in 171 (61.1%) of 280 samples, isolates of acanthamoeba with group ii or iii morphology, as well as hartmannella spp. were recovered. five isolates named "6" (artificial lake), ep (lake), g2 (soil), r4* (river) and pk (spring water)--all exhibiting a highly efficient proliferation in axenic cultures--were subsequently cloned and subjected to molecular analyses for identificatio ... | 2004 | 14760525 |
| surgical salvage therapy of anal cancer. | to evaluate the results of salvage resection in the management of persistent or locally recurrent anal canal cancer. | 2004 | 14760771 |
| [effect of lead acetate on the nerve growth factor protein expression and the regulation of thyroid hormone]. | to study the effect of lead acetate on the expression of nerve growth factor (ngf) protein in rat brain and the regulation of thyroid hormone. | 2003 | 14761347 |
| binding of destabilized betab2-crystallin mutants to alpha-crystallin: the role of a folding intermediate. | age-related changes in protein-protein interactions in the lens play a critical role in the temporal evolution of its optical properties. in the relatively non-regenerating environment of the fiber cells, a critical determinant of these interactions is partial or global unfolding as a consequence of post-translational modifications or chemical damage to individual crystallins. one type of attractive force involves the recognition by alpha-crystallins of modified proteins prone to unfolding and a ... | 2004 | 14761939 |
| [benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: high and low central focus]. | twenty children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes were studied. anamnesis, neurological exam, "columbia" scale (1993) application and digital electroencephalogram were carried out. the digital electroencephalogram was recorded with electrodes according to 10-20 international system, and a supplementary electrode, between c3 and t3 or c4 and t4-c5 or c6, respectively, at the side with a higher number of spikes. the averaging of the spikes was carried. localization and the ... | 2004 | 14762601 |
| predictive values for aspiration after endoscopic laser resections of malignant tumors of the hypopharynx and larynx. | co2-laser surgery is a relatively new treatment for selected carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract. the purpose of our study was to evaluate prospectively the functional results for swallowing after co2-laser resections. | 2004 | 14762878 |
| production and characterization of hemicellulase activities from trichoderma harzianum strain t4. | xylan and mannan are the major constituent groups of hemicellulose in the cell wall of higher plants. the mesophilic fungus trichoderma harzianum strain t4 produces extracellular xylanase and mannanase activities when grown in the presence of oat (avena sativa)-spelt xylan and wheat bran as the carbon sources respectively. after the growth procedure, the crude extracts were submitted to ultrafiltration in an amicon system fitted with a 10 kda-cut-off membrane. mannanase activity was only detecte ... | 2004 | 14763904 |
| change in von willebrand factor and carotid intima-media thickness in hypothyroid patients with normal thyroid function after levothyroxine replacement therapy. | this study examined whether levothyroxine (l-t4) replacement might affect serum markers of endothelium injury, including von willebrand factor (vwf), factor viii activity and thrombomodulin (tm), during normalization of increased intima-media thickness (imt) in the common carotid artery (cca) in hypothyroid patients after l-t4 replacement therapy. | 2004 | 14763909 |
| first structural investigation of the restriction ribonuclease regb: nmr spectroscopic conditions, 13c/15n double-isotopic labelling and two-dimensional heteronuclear spectra. | the bacteriophage t4 genome-encoded ribonuclease regb is the unique well-defined restriction endoribonuclease. this protein cleaves with an almost absolute specificity its rna substrate in the middle of the ggag tetranucleotide mainly found in the shine-dalgarno sequence (required for the prokaryotic initiation of the translation). this protein has no significant homology to any known ribonuclease and its structure has never been investigated. the extreme toxicity of this ribonuclease prevents t ... | 2004 | 14766312 |
| ultra-fast-track anesthesia in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a prospective audit comparing opioid-based anesthesia vs thoracic epidural-based anesthesia. | to examine the feasibility of immediate extubation after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (opcab) using opioid based analgesia or high thoracic epidural analgesia (tea) and compare postoperative analgesia with continuous tea vs patient-controlled analgesia (pca). | 2004 | 14766694 |
| prostate cancer radiotherapy dose response: an update of the fox chase experience. | the effectiveness of increasing radiotherapy dose for men with prostate cancer was evaluated with reference to prognostic groups as defined by pretreatment serum prostate specific antigen (psa), gleason score, t stage and perineural invasion. | 2004 | 14767286 |
| [the cotransduction of pet system plasmids by mutants of t4 and rb43 bacteriophages]. | the study of the cotransduction of the plasmid pairs pet-3a-plyse and pet-3a-plyss by the mutant phage t4alc7 showed that the antibiotic resistance markers of the plasmids were cotransduced with a high frequency. the analysis of the plasmid dna of cotransductants and cotransformants showed that the mutant phage t4alc7 can be used for obtaining the monomeric and oligomeric forms of plasmids and for the cotransduction of two-plasmid overproduction systems into e. coli strains. the plaque mutants r ... | 2003 | 14768546 |
| toxicological profiling of sediments using in vitro bioassays, with emphasis on endocrine disruption. | in vitro bioassays are valuable tools for screening environmental samples for the presence of bioactive (e.g., endocrine-disrupting) compounds. they can be used to direct chemical analysis of active compounds in toxicity identification and evaluation (tie) approaches. in the present study, five in vitro bioassays were used to profile toxic potencies in sediments, with emphasis on endocrine disruption. nonpolar total and acid-treated stable extracts of sediments from 15 locations in the rhine meu ... | 2004 | 14768864 |
| the effects of alpha interferon on the development of autoimmune thyroiditis in the nod h2h4 mouse. | alpha interferon (alphaifn) therapy is known to induce thyroid autoimmunity in up to 40% of patients. the mechanism is unknown, but th1 switching has been hypothesized. the aim of our study was to examine whether alphaifn accelerated the development of thyroiditis in genetically susceptible mice. we took advantage of nod-h2h4, a genetically susceptible animal model, which develops thyroiditis when fed a high iodine diet. six to eight week old male nod h2h4 mice were injected with mouse alphaifn ... | 2003 | 14768947 |
| studies on activation of t4 bacteriophage by cofactor. i. the degree of activity. | | 1950 | 14800996 |
| studies on activation of t4 bacteriophage by cofactor. ii. the mechanism of activation. | | 1950 | 14800997 |
| studies on activation of t4 bacteriophage by cofactor. iii. conditions affecting the activation process. | | 1951 | 14820889 |
| the mortality of bacteriophage containing assimilated radioactive phosphorus. | the bacteriophage t4 containing assimilated radioactive phosphorus is inactivated at a rate proportional to the specific radioactivity of the constituent phosphorus. the beta radiation from the phosphorus makes a negligible contribution to this effect. the inactivation is therefore a direct consequence of the nuclear reaction, which kills the phage with an efficiency of about 1/12. several phages related to t4 behave similarly. when radioactive phage is grown from a seed of non-radioactive phage ... | 1951 | 14824499 |
| the first two steps of the invasion of host cells by bacterial viruses. ii. | at 37 degrees c., the attachment of t1 virus to its host cell in solution containing 10(-3)m cacl(2) or 10(-2)m nacl is extremely rapid (in the neighborhood of 100 per cent collision efficiency) and irreversible. at 1 degrees c., the attachment rate is almost equally rapid but largely reversible. if a suboptimal concentration of the necessary ions is employed when t2 virus attaches to host cells, the resulting binding is largely reversible, even at 37 degrees c. reversible t2 attachment to host ... | 1951 | 14861377 |
| clinical application of proton beams in the treatment of uveal melanoma: the first therapies carried out in italy and preliminary results (catana project). | the first italian proton therapy facility was realized in catania, at the infn-lns. with its energy (62 mev proton beam), it is ideal for the treatment of shallow tumors like those of the ocular region: uveal melanoma, first of all (the most common primary intraocular malignancy of adults) and other less frequent lesions like choroidal hemangioma, conjunctiva melanoma, and eyelid tumors. | 2003 | 14870772 |
| effect of polychlorinated biphenyl, aroclor 1254 on rat epididymis. | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb), the synthetic chlorinated organic compounds, are known to decrease thyroid function, sperm count and fertility, and increase the risk of testicular cancer may cause serious effect on male reproduction. the objective of the present study was to study the effect of pcb, aroclor 1254 on rat epididymal structure and function. | 2003 | 14870796 |
| thyroid indices and response to fluoxetine and nortriptyline in major depression. | we investigated: (i) the status of thyroid hormones and their clinical correlates in patients with major depression; (ii) changes in thyroid hormone status after treatment with fluoxetine versus nortriptyline; and (iii) whether blunted thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (tsh) response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh) challenge predicts improvement after 6 weeks of fluoxetine versus nortriptyline treatment. patients with major depression entering a treatment trial were assessed with the struct ... | 2003 | 14870956 |
| dual functions of single-stranded dna-binding protein in helicase loading at the bacteriophage t4 dna replication fork. | semi-conservative dna synthesis reactions catalyzed by the bacteriophage t4 dna polymerase holoenzyme are initiated by a strand displacement mechanism requiring gp32, the t4 single-stranded dna (ssdna)-binding protein, to sequester the displaced strand. after initiation, dna helicase acquisition by the nascent replication fork leads to a dramatic increase in the rate and processivity of leading strand dna synthesis. in vitro studies have established that either of two t4-encoded dna helicases, g ... | 2004 | 14871889 |
| dna photosensitization by indoprofen - is dna damage photoinduced by indoprofen or by its photoproducts? | the in vitro photosensitizing activity of indoprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, toward dna has been studied by gel sequencing experiments using (32)p-end labelled synthetic oligonucleotides in phosphate buffered solution. upon irradiation at [small lambda] > 320 nm, piperidine-sensitive lesions were induced in single- and double-stranded dna, exclusively at the position of guanine bases. in single-stranded dna, all g sites were modified. this pattern of photooxidative damage withou ... | 2004 | 14872241 |
| the intracellular growth of bacteriophages. i. liberation of intracellular bacteriophage t4 by premature lysis with another phage or with cyanide. | a method is described for liberating and estimating intracellular bacteriophage at any stage during the latent period by arresting phage growth and inducing premature lysis of the infected cells. this is brought about by placing the infected bacteria into the growth medium supplemented with 0.01 m cyanide and with a high titer t6 lysate. it was found in some of the later experiments that the t6 lysate is essential only during the first half of the latent period. cyanide alone will induce lysis d ... | 1952 | 14898042 |
| the intracellular growth of bacteriophages. ii. the growth of t3 studied by sonic disintegration and by t6-cyanide lysis of infected cells. | the growth of the virus t3 has been followed by breaking up the complexes it forms with host cells at various stages in their development and then assaying the debris for active virus particles. two independent methods for breaking up cells were used: sonic vibration and lysis by the t6-cyanide method previously used for the study of the growth of t4. during the first half of the latent period both treatments, as well as cyanide alone, destroyed the capacity of the complexes for producing daught ... | 1952 | 14898043 |
| radioactive phosphorus tracer studies on the reproduction of t4 bacteriophage. i. intracellular appearance of phage-like material. | | 1952 | 14933050 |
| endocrine function in thai children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | most children infected by hiv show manifestations which mimic the clinical features of endocrine dysfunction, such as failure to thrive and hyperpigmentation. our cross-sectional study was designed to assess the endocrine function of thai children infected with hiv and to determine any relationship between disease severity, height and endocrine function. thirty-six prepubertal children infected by hiv, 12 boys and 24 girls, aged 4-12 years (mean +/- sd 7 +/- 2 years), were tested for thyroid fun ... | 2004 | 14960019 |
| structure and mechanism of rna ligase. | t4 rna ligase 2 (rnl2) exemplifies an rna ligase family that includes the rna editing ligases (rels) of trypanosoma and leishmania. the rnl2/rel enzymes are defined by essential signature residues and a unique c-terminal domain, which we show is essential for sealing of 3'-oh and 5'-po4 rna ends by rnl2, but not for ligase adenylation or phosphodiester bond formation at a preadenylated apprna end. the n-terminal segment rnl2(1-249) of the 334 aa rnl2 protein comprises an autonomous adenylyltrans ... | 2004 | 14962393 |
| evaluation of prognostic factors in male breast cancer. | we conducted an analysis on 41 cases of male breast cancer (median age 54 y; range 25-82 y) in kuwait. most (51%) were stage ii cancers with 65% arising in the left breast. there were 5 (12%) t1 tumours, 23 (56%) t2 tumours and 13 (32%) t3/t4 tumours. they were mostly (95%) infiltrating ductal carcinomas; 97% were grade 2 or 3. axillary lymph node involvement was found in 69%. estimated 5-year survival rates were 67% and 58% for overall and relapse free survival respectively. favourable prognosi ... | 2001 | 14965580 |
| value of routine 99mtc-mdp bone scintigraphy in the detection of occult skeletal metastases in women with primary breast cancer. | baseline staging bone scans in 208 women with primary breast cancer in university hospital kuala lumpur from january 1993 to december 1995 were reviewed. a positive bone scan was found in 14.7% of women aged below 50 years, and 9.1% of women aged 50 years and above. no patient with t0/t1, 4.7% with t2, 6.6% with t3 and 35.8% with t4 tumours had a positive scan caused by bone metastases. no patient with clinical stage 0/1, 4% with stage 2, 9.5% with stage 3 and 63% with stage 4 disease had a posi ... | 1999 | 14965742 |
| initial experience using intensity-modulated radiotherapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | to report our initial experience on the feasibility, toxicity, and tumor control using intensity-modulated radiotherapy (imrt) for retreatment of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc). | 2004 | 14967420 |
| characterization of bacteriophage kvp40 and t4 rna ligase 2. | bacteriophage t4 rna ligase 2 (rnl2) exemplifies a subfamily of rna strand-joining enzymes that includes the trypanosome rna editing ligases. a homolog of t4 rnl2 is encoded in the 244-kbp dna genome of vibriophage kvp40. we show that the 335-amino acid kvp40 rnl2 is a monomeric protein that catalyzes rna end-joining through ligase-adenylate and rna-adenylate (apprna) intermediates. in the absence of atp, pre-adenylated kvp40 rnl2 reacts with an 18-mer 5'-po(4) single-strand rna (prna) to form a ... | 2004 | 14967495 |
| postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in older patients with head and neck cancer. | in head and neck cancer, the locoregional failure of patients with positive margins, vascular or perineural invasion, and extracapsular spread is high and results in poor survival. | 2004 | 14967744 |
| models of phage growth and their applicability to phage therapy. | phage therapy is complicated by the self-replicating nature of phage. it is difficult to extrapolate from in vitro phage growth data to in vivo expectations, difficult to interpret in vivo data and difficult to generalize from one in vivo situation to another. various generic models of phage growth have been used as the theoretical basis for understanding the kinetics of phage therapy. here, we have experimentally tested the efficacy of such simple models to predict, qualitatively and quantitati ... | 2004 | 14969703 |
| recurrent carcinoma of the head and neck: treatment strategies and survival analysis in a 20-year period. | following clinical diagnosis of a recurrent tumor, curative treatment is seldom available. depending on the size of the recurrent tumor and the patient's general health condition extensive surgical resections and reconstructions are avoided in favor of non-surgical palliative intended treatment modalities. according to the literature location of the tumor, tumor size, as well as r-1- and r-2-resection rates are the most frequent reasons for the development of recurrent tumors. in a retrospective ... | 2004 | 14969822 |
| plasma levels of tumor necrotic factor-alpha and interleukin-6, -8 during orthotopic liver transplantation and their relations to postoperative pulmonary complications. | pulmonary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation (olt) include high morbidity and mortality. experimental data have suggested hepatic ischemia and reperfusion are induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines. the high level of inflammatory cytokines might additionally influence pulmonary capillary fluid filtration. the objectives of this study were to measure the concentrations of tumor necrotic factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), interleukin-6 (il-6) and interleukin-8 (il-8) during olt and to inve ... | 2004 | 14969835 |
| changes in exercise performance and hormonal concentrations over a big ten soccer season in starters and nonstarters. | as a consequence of the physiological demands experienced during a competitive soccer season, the antagonistic relationship between anabolic and catabolic processes can affect performance. twenty-five male collegiate soccer players were studied throughout a season (11 weeks) to investigate the effects of long-term training and competition. subjects were grouped as starters (s; n = 11) and nonstarters (ns; n = 14). measures of physical performance, body composition, and hormonal concentrations (t ... | 2004 | 14971972 |
| liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: factors implicated in tumor relapse. | liver segmental resection and liver transplantation are both treatments intended for healing liver cancer. an adequate selection of patients eligible for transplantation is crucial, since organs available for transplants are usually scarce. for this reason, awareness of the prognostic factors of relapse is of great importance. we present a comprehensive review of our series in order to better understand these prognostic factors. | 2004 | 14971994 |
| portability and fidelity of rna-repair systems. | yeast trna ligase (trl1) is an essential enzyme that converts cleaved trna half-molecules into spliced trnas containing a 2'-po(4), 3'-5' phosphodiester at the splice junction. trl1 also catalyzes splicing of hac1 mrna during the unfolded protein response. trl1 performs three reactions: the 2',3'-cyclic phosphate of the proximal rna fragment is hydrolyzed to a 3'-oh, 2'-po(4) by a cyclic phosphodiesterase; the 5'-oh of the distal rna fragment is phosphorylated by a gtp-dependent polynucleotide k ... | 2004 | 14973195 |
| small renal cell carcinomas: correlation of size with tumor stage, nuclear grade, and histologic subtype. | our goal was to correlate the size of renal cell carcinoma with tumor stage, nuclear grade, and histologic subtype in patients treated using partial or radical nephrectomy. | 2004 | 14975944 |
| enhanced rat hershberger assay appears reliable for detection of not only (anti-)androgenic chemicals but also thyroid hormone modulators. | development of an internationally recognized standard for the hershberger assay as a screening tool to detect potential (anti-)androgenic chemicals is in progress. in the present preliminary study, we evaluated the reliability of the enhanced hershberger assay to detect thyroid hormone modulating activity, while concentrating attention on possible confounding influence on evaluation of (anti-)androgenic activity. castrated or testosterone propionate (tp; 0.2 or 0.25 mg/kg/day)-injected castrated ... | 2004 | 14976338 |
| total laryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy for t4 laryngeal cancer: a 14-year review. | the most appropriate treatment of locally advanced carcinoma of the larynx remains to be ascertained. management of t4 laryngeal cancer patients with postoperative radiotherapy after total laryngectomy is generally advocated and not often debated. however, the effects of this combined treatment approach are poorly documented. we reviewed the oncologic outcome and long-term survival of individuals treated by total laryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy (tlpr) for t4 carcinoma of the larynx. | 2004 | 14976652 |
| isoflavone supplements do not affect thyroid function in iodine-replete postmenopausal women. | despite the safety review conducted by the u.s. food and drug administration in the process of awarding a health claim for the cholesterol-lowering properties of soy protein, concerns about the possible goitrogenic effects of soybean isoflavones persist. concerns are based primarily on in vitro research, animal studies, and older reports of goiter in infants fed soy formula not fortified with iodine. in a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study, we investigated the effect on thyroid f ... | 2003 | 14977438 |
| clinical significance of immunocytochemical detection of tumor cells using digital microscopy in peripheral blood and bone marrow of breast cancer patients. | the presence of tumor cells in bone marrow has been reported to represent an important prognostic indicator in breast cancer, but the clinical significance of circulating cells in peripheral blood is less well known. the aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of identifying cytokeratin (ck)-expressing cells in peripheral blood with an automat-assisted immunohistochemical detection system and to compare it with detection of tumor cells in bone marrow samples. | 2004 | 14977842 |