| comparison of genes required for h2o2 resistance in streptococcus gordonii and streptococcus sanguinis. | hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) is produced by several members of the genus streptococcus mainly through the pyruvate oxidase spxb under aerobic growth conditions. the acute toxic nature of h2o2 raises the interesting question of how streptococci cope with intrinsically produced h2o2, which subsequently accumulates in the microenvironment and threatens the closely surrounding population. here, we investigate the h2o2 susceptibility of oral streptococcus gordonii and streptococcus sanguinis and elucidat ... | 2014 | 25280752 |
| levels and complexity of iga antibody against oral bacteria in samples of human colostrum. | streptococcus mutans (sm) have three main virulence antigens: glucan binding protein b (gbpb), glucosyltransferase (gtf) and antigens i/ii (ag i/ii) envolved in the capacity of those bacteria to adhere and accumulate in the dental biofilm. also, the glycosyltransferases 153 kda of streptococcus gordonii (sgo) and 170kda of streptococcus sanguinis (ssa) were important antigens associated with the accumulation of those bacterias. streptococcus mitis (smi) present iga1 protease of 202 kda. we inves ... | 2015 | 25175558 |
| crystalline anatase-rich titanium can reduce adherence of oral streptococci. | dental implant abutments that emerge through the mucosa are rapidly covered with a salivary protein pellicle to which bacteria bind, initiating biofilm formation. in this study, adherence of early colonizing streptococci, streptococcus gordonii, streptococcus oralis, streptococcus mitis and streptococcus sanguinis to two saliva-coated anodically oxidized surfaces was compared with that on commercially pure titanium (cpti). near edge x-ray absorption (nexafs) showed crystalline anatase was more p ... | 2014 | 24881929 |
| the influence of oral veillonella species on biofilms formed by streptococcus species. | oral veillonella, veillonella atypica, veillonella denticariosi, veillonella dispar, veillonella parvula, veillonella rogosae, and veillonella tobetsuensis are known as early colonizers in oral biofilm formation. to investigate the role of oral veillonella, biofilms formed by the co-culture of streptococcus gordonii, streptococcus mutans, streptococcus salivarius, or streptococcus sanguinis, with oral veillonella were examined at the species level. the amount of biofilm formed by s. mutans, s. g ... | 2014 | 24862495 |
| genetic basis of coaggregation receptor polysaccharide biosynthesis in streptococcus sanguinis and related species. | interbacterial adhesion between streptococci and actinomyces promotes early dental plaque biofilm development. recognition of coaggregation receptor polysaccharides (rps) on strains of streptococcus sanguinis, streptococcus gordonii and streptococcus oralis by actinomyces spp. type 2 fimbriae is the principal mechanism of these interactions. previous studies of genetic loci for synthesis of rps (rps) and rps precursors (rml, gale1 and gale2) in s. gordonii 38 and s. oralis 34 revealed difference ... | 2014 | 24397790 |
| antimicrobial effects of herbal extracts on streptococcus mutans and normal oral streptococci. | streptococcus mutans is associated with dental caries. a cariogenic biofilm, in particular, has been studied extensively for its role in the formation of dental caries. herbal extracts such as cudrania tricuspidata, sophora flavescens, ginkgo biloba, and betula schmidtii have been used as a folk remedy for treating diseases. the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial activity of herbal extracts against normal oral streptococci, planktonic and biofilm of s. mutans. st ... | 2013 | 23990300 |
| factors related to maternal transmission of mutans streptococci in high-risk children-pilot study. | the purpose of this study was to investigate virulence factors associated with maternal transmission of mutans streptococci (ms). | 2012 | 23014079 |
| regulation of neuraminidase expression in streptococcus pneumoniae. | sialic acid (n-acetylneuraminic acid; neunac) is one of the most important carbohydrates for streptococcus pneumoniae due of its role as a carbon and energy source, receptor for adhesion and invasion and molecular signal for promotion of biofilm formation, nasopharyngeal carriage and invasion of the lung. | 2012 | 22963456 |
| comparison of oral streptococci biofilm in caries-free and caries-affected preschool mexican children. | interaction of oral streptococci biofilm is the main etiological factor for dental caries. the aim of the study was to compare oral streptococci (os) distribution in the biofilm of primary dentition from caries-free and caries-affected preschool mexican children. this cross-sectional study involved 40 caries-free and 40 caries-affected children with primary dentition. each child was examined using the dmfs index, dna was extracted from saliva and presence of os was determined by pcr. data obtain ... | 2012 | 22928378 |
| the role of hydrogen peroxide in environmental adaptation of oral microbial communities. | oral streptococci are able to produce growth-inhibiting amounts of hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) as byproduct of aerobic metabolism. several recent studies showed that the produced h(2)o(2) is not a simple byproduct of metabolism but functions in several aspects of oral bacterial biofilm ecology. first, the release of dna from cells is closely associated to the production of h(2)o(2) in streptococcus sanguinis and streptococcus gordonii. extracellular dna is crucial for biofilm development and st ... | 2012 | 22848782 |
| [influence of surface roughness on oral streptococcal adhesion forces to dental filling materials]. | this study is to determine the common oral streptococcal adhesion forces by using composite resin and glass ionomer cement (gic) with different degrees of surface roughness via atomic force microscopy (afm) analysis. the influence of surface roughness on bacterial adhesion force is also discussed. | 2016 | 28326699 |
| effect of enamel morphology on nanoscale adhesion forces of streptococcal bacteria : an afm study. | we explore the influence of enamel surface morphology on nanoscale bacterial adhesion forces. three dimensional morphology characteristics of enamel slices, which were treated with phosphoric acid (for 0 s, 5 s, 10 s, 20 s, and 30 s), were acquired. adhesion forces of three initial colonizers (streptococcus oralis, streptococcus sanguinis, and streptococcus mitis) and two cariogenic bacterial strains (streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus) with etched enamel surfaces were determined. c ... | 2015 | 26482011 |
| neuraminidase-producing oral mitis group streptococci potentially contribute to influenza viral infection and reduction in antiviral efficacy of zanamivir. | influenza is a serious respiratory disease among immunocompromised individuals, such as the elderly, and its prevention is an urgent social issue. influenza viruses rely on neuraminidase (na) activity to release progeny viruses from infected cells and spreading the infection. na is, therefore, an important target of anti-influenza drugs. a causal relationship between bacteria and influenza virus infection has not yet been established, however, a positive correlation between them has been reporte ... | 2015 | 25001578 |
| a tissue-dependent hypothesis of dental caries. | current understanding of dental caries considers this disease a demineralization of the tooth tissues due to the acid produced by sugar-fermenting microorganisms. thus, caries is considered a diet- and ph-dependent process. we present here the first metagenomic analysis of the bacterial communities present at different stages of caries development, with the aim of determining whether the bacterial composition and biochemical profile are specific to the tissue affected. the data show that microbi ... | 2013 | 24080530 |
| no evidence for the growth-stimulating effect of monomers on cariogenic streptococci. | in spite of contradicting results, the high susceptibility of composites for secondary caries is still often associated with the bacterial growth-stimulating effect of released methacrylate monomers. however, most studies that showed this effect were performed with techniques having inherent limitations (spectrophotometry). | 2016 | 27766489 |
| antibacterial and anti-adherence effects of a plant extract mixture (pem) and its individual constituent extracts (psidium sp., mangifera sp., and mentha sp.) on single- and dual-species biofilms. | plant extracts mixture (pem) and its individual constituent plant extracts(psidium sp., mangifera sp., mentha sp.) are known to have an anti-adhering effect towards oral bacteria in the single-species biofilm. to date, the adhering ability of the early and late plaque colonisers (streptococcus sanguinis and streptococcus mutans) to pem-treated experimental pellicle have not been investigated in dual-species biofilms. | 2016 | 27761322 |
| association between s. mutans and s. sanguinis in severe early childhood caries and caries-free children a quantitative real-time pcr analysis. | to identify s. mutans and s. sanguinis in initial and overnight plaque between 2 groups and to analyze the association between them and caries-related factors. | 2016 | 27471805 |
| pleurocidin congeners demonstrate activity against streptococcus and low toxicity on gingival fibroblasts. | fish epidermal antimicrobial peptides, such as pleurocidin, are cathelicidins with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against gram negative and gram-positive bacteria, as well as fungi. in the current study, we attempted to optimize peptide bioactivity by sequence modification and assess the antimicrobial activities. | 2016 | 27341459 |
| lack of buffering by composites promotes shift to more cariogenic bacteria. | secondary caries (sc) remains a very important problem with composite restorations. the objectives of this study were to test the acid-buffering ability of several restorative materials and to evaluate whether buffering of the restorative material has an impact on the microbial composition of the biofilm. disk-shaped specimens of conventional composite, composite with surface prereacted glass-ionomer filler particles (so-called giomer), glass-ionomer cement (gic), amalgam, and hydroxyapatite (ha ... | 2016 | 27146702 |
| comparison of bacterial adhesion to dental materials of polyethylene terephthalate (pet) and polymethyl methacrylate (pmma) using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. | the aim of this study was to compare the bacterial adhesion to denture materials of polyethylene terephthalate (pet) and polymethyl methacrylate (pmma) using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. the adhesion forces of living streptococcus sanguinis and streptococcus mutans to pet and pmma were directly measured using atomic force microscopy (afm) in liquid. streptococcal biofilms formed on the two material surfaces were investigated and compared using scanning electron micro ... | 2016 | 26991988 |
| involvement of nadh oxidase in competition and endocarditis virulence in streptococcus sanguinis. | here, we report for the first time that the streptococcus sanguinis nox gene encoding nadh oxidase is involved in both competition with streptococcus mutans and virulence for infective endocarditis. an s. sanguinis nox mutant was found to fail to inhibit the growth of streptococcus mutans under microaerobic conditions. in the presence of oxygen, the recombinant nox protein of s. sanguinis could reduce oxygen to water and oxidize nadh to nad(+) the oxidation of nadh to nad(+) was diminished in th ... | 2016 | 26930704 |
| adherence of oral streptococci to nanostructured titanium surfaces. | peri-implantitis and peri-mucositis pose a severe threat to the success of dental implants. current research focuses on the development of surfaces that inhibit biofilm formation while not inferring with tissue integration. this study compared the adherence of two oral bacterial species, streptococcus sanguinis and streptococcus mutans to nanostructured titanium surfaces. | 2015 | 26467718 |
| can pulp fibroblasts kill cariogenic bacteria? role of complement activation. | complement system activation has been shown to be involved in inflammation and regeneration processes that can be observed within the dental pulp after moderate carious decay. studies simulating carious injuries in vitro have shown that when human pulp fibroblasts are stimulated by lipoteichoic acid (lta), they synthetize all complement components. complement activation leads to the formation of the membrane attack complex (mac), which is known for its bacterial lytic effect. this work was desig ... | 2015 | 26464397 |
| in vitro effect of zingiber officinale extract on growth of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis. | background and objectives. tooth decay is an infectious disease of microbial origin. considering the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance due to their overuse and also their side effects, medicinal plants are now considered for use against bacterial infections. this study aimed to assess the effects of different concentrations of zingiber officinale extract on proliferation of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis in vitro. materials and methods. in this experimental study, ... | 2015 | 26347778 |
| oral streptococci biofilm formation on different implant surface topographies. | the establishment of the subgingival microbiota is dependent on successive colonization of the implant surface by bacterial species. different implant surface topographies could influence the bacterial adsorption and therefore jeopardize the implant survival. this study evaluated the biofilm formation capacity of five oral streptococci species on two titanium surface topographies. in vitro biofilm formation was induced on 30 titanium discs divided in two groups: sandblasted acid-etched (sae- n = ... | 2015 | 26273590 |
| correlation of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis colonization and ex vivo hydrogen peroxide production in carious lesion-free and high caries adults. | this study was conducted to estimate oral colonization by streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis in adults with high and without any caries experience. furthermore, differences in the amount of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) produced by s. sanguinis isolated from both groups were assessed. | 2015 | 25455129 |
| in-office bleaching gel with 35% hydrogen peroxide enhanced biofilm formation of early colonizing streptococci on human enamel. | to compare the effects of 25% and 35% hydrogen peroxide in-office bleaching systems on surface roughness and streptococcal biofilm formation on human enamel. | 2014 | 25132364 |
| effects of simulated microgravity on streptococcus mutans physiology and biofilm structure. | long-term spaceflights will eventually become an inevitable occurrence. previous studies have indicated that oral infectious diseases, including dental caries, were more prevalent in astronauts due to the effect of microgravity. however, the impact of the space environment, especially the microgravity environment, on the virulence factors of streptococcus mutans, a major caries-associated bacterium, is yet to be explored. in the present study, we investigated the impact of simulated microgravity ... | 2014 | 25109245 |
| influence of time, toothpaste and saliva in the retention of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis on different toothbrushes. | the intraoral transmission of cariogenic and periodontopathogenic species seems to be facilitated by contaminated toothbrushes and other oral hygiene devices. the aim of this investigation was to analyze the in vitro retention and survival rate of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis on different toothbrushes. the impacts of human saliva and antimicrobial toothpaste on these parameters were further evaluated. | 2014 | 25025554 |
| the influence of a glucosyltransferase, encoded by gtfp, on biofilm formation by streptococcus sanguinis in a dual-species model. | streptococcus sanguinis is an early colonizer of tooth surfaces and forms biofilms with other species of microorganisms. in vitro, s. sanguinis produces water-soluble glucans from sucrose and releases them into the culture supernatant; however, the role played by these glucans in biofilm formation is unclear. the present study examined both the effect of glucans on biofilm formation by s. sanguinis and the proportion of this bacterial species within the biofilms. inactivation of the gtfp gene, a ... | 2014 | 24628454 |
| adherence of streptococcus sanguinis and streptococcus mutans to saliva-coated s-prg resin blocks. | this in vitro study performed elemental analysis of the ions absorbed into the salivary coat covering the surfaces of s-prg resin blocks and assessed the adherence of streptococcus sanguinis and streptococcus mutans to these saliva-coated s-prg resin blocks. elemental analysis of ions absorbed into the salivary coat of resin blocks exposed to the saliva was performed using an inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer and the fluoride electrode method. quantitative adherence of radio- ... | 2014 | 24615002 |
| microbiologically influenced corrosion of orthodontic metallic appliances. | biocorrosion (microbiologically influenced corrosion; mic) occur in aquatic habitats varying in nutrient content, temperature, stress and ph. the oral environment of organisms, including humans, should be one of the most hospitable for mic. corrosion of metallic appliances in the oral region is one cause of metal allergy in patients. in this study, an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer revealed elution of fe, cr and ni from stainless steel (sus) appliances incubated with or ... | 2014 | 24583645 |
| effect of nicotine on dual-species biofilms of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis. | both streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis are normal bacterial inhabitants of dental plaque. streptococcus mutans is the major agent causing dental caries. it has been well documented that nicotine affects the growth of s. mutans. this study investigated the effect of nicotine on mono- and dual-species growth of s. mutans and s. sanguinis. the results indicate that nicotine has no significant effect on s. sanguinis grown in either mono- or dual-species biofilms. however, nicotine sig ... | 2014 | 24164376 |
| involvement of gshab in the interspecies competition within oral biofilm. | although streptococcus sanguinis has been reported to produce h2o2 to gain a competitive edge over streptococcus mutans, the molecular mechanisms evolved by s. mutans to counter this "peer stress" are still to be identified. the current study was designed to investigate the ecological role of glutathione synthetase (gshab) in the interspecies interaction between s. mutans and s. sanguinis. a gshab in-frame deletion strain of s. mutans was constructed, and its phenotypic traits were characterized ... | 2013 | 23872989 |
| aggravation of inflammatory bowel diseases by oral streptococci. | streptococcus mutans can aggravate colitis in mice. we evaluated the virulence of colitis using type strains as well as blood isolates of several oral streptococcal species. | 2014 | 23679203 |
| antimicrobial activity of the synthetic peptide lys-a1 against oral streptococci. | the peptide lys-[trp(6)]-hy-a1 (lys-a1) is a synthetic derivative of the peptide hy-a1, initially isolated from the frog species hypsiboas albopunctatus. according to previous research, it is a molecule with broad antimicrobial activity. the objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the synthetic peptide lys-a1 (kifgaiwplalgalknlik-nh2) on the planktonic and biofilm growth of oral bacteria. the methods used to evaluate antimicrobial activity include the following: det ... | 2013 | 23340019 |
| divalent cations enhance fluoride binding to streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis cells and subsequently inhibit bacterial acid production. | one preventive effect of topical fluoride application is derived from the fact that fluoride can inhibit bacterial acid production. furthermore, divalent cations such as ca(2+) and mg(2+) increase the binding of fluoride to bacterial cells. these findings suggest that exposure of oral bacteria to fluoride in the presence of divalent cations increases fluoride binding to bacterial cells and subsequently enhances fluoride-induced inhibition of bacterial acid production. this study investigated the ... | 2013 | 23207788 |
| effect of xylitol on cariogenic and beneficial oral streptococci: a randomized, double-blind crossover trial. | although habitual consumption of xylitol reduces cariogenic streptococci levels, its effect on beneficial oral streptococci is less clear. the main aim of the study is to investigate the effect of short-term xylitol consumption on the oral beneficial streptococci level of saliva, streptococcus sanguinis and s. mitis. | 2012 | 22973473 |
| photodynamic inactivation of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis biofilms in vitro. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate specific effects of photodynamic inactivation (pdi) using erythrosine (er) and rose bengal (rb) photosensitizers and a blue light-emitting diode (led) on the viability of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguinis biofilms. biofilms were grown in acrylic disks immersed in broth to production of biofilms, inoculated with microbial suspension (10(6) cells/ml) and incubated for 48 h. after the formation of biofilms, the effects of the photosensitizers ... | 2013 | 22847685 |
| raman microspectroscopy for species identification and mapping within bacterial biofilms. | : a new method of mapping multiple species of oral bacteria in intact biofilms has been developed, using the optical technique of confocal raman microscopy. a species classification algorithm, developed on dried biofilms, was used to analyze spectra of hydrated biofilms containing two microbial species central to dental health: streptococcus sanguinis and streptococcus mutans. the algorithm transferred successfully to the hydrated environment, correctly identifying the species of origin of singl ... | 2012 | 22794329 |
| spxa1 involved in hydrogen peroxide production, stress tolerance and endocarditis virulence in streptococcus sanguinis. | streptococcus sanguinis is one of the most common agents of infective endocarditis. spx proteins are a group of global regulators that negatively or positively control global transcription initiation. in this study, we characterized the spxa1 gene in s. sanguinis sk36. the spxa1 null mutant displayed opaque colony morphology, reduced hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) production, and reduced antagonistic activity against streptococcus mutans ua159 relative to the wild type strain. the δspxa1 mutant al ... | 2012 | 22768210 |
| hydrogen peroxide contributes to the epithelial cell death induced by the oral mitis group of streptococci. | members of the mitis group of streptococci are normal inhabitants of the commensal flora of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract of humans. some mitis group species, such as streptococcus oralis and streptococcus sanguinis, are primary colonizers of the human oral cavity. recently, we found that hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) produced by s. oralis is cytotoxic to human macrophages, suggesting that streptococcus-derived h2o2 may act as a cytotoxin. since epithelial cells provide a physical barri ... | 2014 | 24498253 |
| effect of penicillin g every three weeks on oral microflora by penicillin resistant viridans streptococci. | benzathine penicillin g every 3 weeks is the standard protocol for secondary prophylaxis for recurrent rheumatic fever. | 2012 | 22522720 |
| amoxicillin-resistant oral streptococci identified in dental plaque specimens from healthy japanese adults. | infective endocarditis (ie) is known to be a life-threatening disease and invasive dental procedures are considered to be important factors. oral amoxicillin (ampc) is widely used for prophylaxis in patients with heart disorders who are at risk for ie. however, there is only limited information regarding the inhibition of oral bacteria by ampc. | 2012 | 22341432 |
| antibacterial activity and biofilm inhibition by surface modified titanium alloy medical implants following application of silver, titanium dioxide and hydroxyapatite nanocoatings. | one of the most common causes of implant failure is peri-implantitis, which is caused by bacterial biofilm formation on the surfaces of dental implants. modification of the surface nanotopography has been suggested to affect bacterial adherence to implants. silver nanoparticles are also known for their antibacterial properties. in this study, titanium alloy implants were surface modified following silver plating, anodisation and sintering techniques to create a combination of silver, titanium di ... | 2017 | 28281851 |
| effects of two diode lasers with and without photosensitization on contaminated implant surfaces: an ex vivo study. | the aim of this ex vivo study is to assess decontamination potential of two different diode laser wavelengths, with or without the aid of photodynamic therapy, on dental implant surfaces and to evaluate the harmful potential of temperature increase during laser irradiation. | 2017 | 28253064 |
| streptococcus sanguinis induces neutrophil cell death by production of hydrogen peroxide. | streptococcus is the dominant bacterial genus in the human oral cavity and a leading cause of infective endocarditis. streptococcus sanguinis belongs to the mitis group of streptococci and produces hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) by the action of spxb, a pyruvate oxidase. in this study, we investigated the involvement of spxb in survival of s. sanguinis in human blood and whether bacterial h2o2 exhibits cytotoxicity against human neutrophils. results of a bactericidal test with human whole blood reveal ... | 2017 | 28222125 |
| does current cefazolin dosing achieve adequate tissue and blood concentrations in obese women undergoing cesarean section? | prophylactic administration of antibiotics preceding cesarean delivery is the most effective measure taken for preventing postpartum infection. while obese women are at greater risk for infection than non-obese women, evidence-based recommendations for modifying dosing in these women are limited. | 2017 | 28122314 |
| non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma functionalized dental implant for enhancement of bacterial resistance and osseointegration. | even though roughened titanium (ti) and ti alloys have been clinically used as dental implant, they encourage bacterial adhesion, leading to failure of the initial stability. here, the non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (ntappj) functionalized ti and ti alloy were investigated to promote cellular activities but inhibit the initial attachment of the adherent pioneer bacterium, streptococcus sanguinis, without topographical changes. | 2017 | 28088458 |
| tetr family regulator brpt modulates biofilm formation in streptococcus sanguinis. | biofilms are a key component in bacterial communities providing protection and contributing to infectious diseases. however, mechanisms involved in s. sanguinis biofilm formation have not been clearly elucidated. here, we report the identification of a novel s. sanguinis tetr repressor, brpt (biofilm regulatory protein tetr), involved in biofilm formation. deletion of brpt resulted in a significant increase in biofilm formation. interestingly, the mutant accumulated more water soluble and water ... | 2017 | 28046010 |
| cloning-independent markerless gene editing in streptococcus sanguinis: novel insights in type iv pilus biology. | streptococcus sanguinis, a naturally competent opportunistic human pathogen, is a gram-positive workhorse for genomics. it has recently emerged as a model for the study of type iv pili (tfp)-exceptionally widespread and important prokaryotic filaments. to enhance genetic manipulation of streptococcus sanguinis, we have developed a cloning-independent methodology, which uses a counterselectable marker and allows sophisticated markerless gene editing in situ we illustrate the utility of this metho ... | 2016 | 27903891 |
| isolation and characterization of a microrna-size secretable small rna in streptococcus sanguinis. | micrornas in eukaryotic cells are thought to control highly complex signal transduction and other biological processes by regulating coding transcripts, accounting for their important role in cellular events in eukaryotes. recently, a novel class of bacterial rnas similar in size [18-22 nucleotides (nt)] to micrornas has been reported. herein, we describe micrornas, small rnas from the oral pathogen streptococcus sanguinis. the bacteria are normally present in the oral cavities and cause endocar ... | 2016 | 27796789 |
| structures of the streptococcus sanguinis srpa binding region with human sialoglycans suggest features of the physiological ligand. | streptococcus sanguinis is a leading cause of bacterial infective endocarditis, a life-threatening infection of heart valves. s. sanguinis binds to human platelets with high avidity, and this adherence is likely to enhance virulence. previous studies suggest that a serine-rich repeat adhesin termed srpa mediates the binding of s. sanguinis to human platelets via its interaction with sialoglycans on the receptor gpibα. however, in vitro binding assays with srpa and defined sialoglycans failed to ... | 2016 | 27685666 |
| activation of nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor containing protein 3 inflammasome in dendritic cells and macrophages by streptococcus sanguinis. | streptococcus sanguinis is frequently isolated from the blood of patients with infective endocarditis and contributes to the pathology of this disease through induction of interleukin (il)-1β responsible for the development of the disease. however, the mechanism of il-1β induction remains unknown. in this study, s. sanguinis activated a murine dendritic cell (dc) to induce il-1β and this activity was attenuated by silencing the mrnas of nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor containing protein ... | 2017 | 27601185 |
| streptococcus sanguinis isolated from filler granuloma: successful treatment with incision and drainage. | filler granuloma is considered to be the result of delayed immune responses; growing evidence suggests that they may be secondary to biofilm formation. dermal filler is technically a foreign body, and as the development of newer generations of dermal fillers lengthens their duration, it is possible that there is also an increased risk of biofilm formation. here, we present a case report of a patient with streptococcus sanguinis isolated from a filler granuloma, suggestive of biofilm formation. t ... | 2016 | 27543426 |
| the road less traveled - defining molecular commensalism with streptococcus sanguinis. | the commensal oral microbial flora has evolved with the human host to support colonization of the various intraoral sites without triggering a significant immune response. in exchange, the commensal microbes provide critical protection against invading pathogens. the intrinsic ability of the oral flora to create a symbiotic microbial community with the host can be disturbed, selecting for the overgrowth of a dysbiotic community that can result in dental diseases, such as caries and periodontitis ... | 2016 | 27476770 |
| impedimetric antimicrobial peptide-based sensor for the early detection of periodontopathogenic bacteria. | peri-implantitis, an inflammation caused by biofilm formation, constitutes a major cause of implant failure in dentistry. thus, the detection of bacteria at the early steps of biofilm growth represents a powerful strategy to prevent implant-related infections. in this regard, antimicrobial peptides (amps) can be used as effective biological recognition elements to selectively detect the presence of bacteria. thus, the aim of the present study was to combine the use of miniaturized and integrated ... | 2016 | 27399935 |
| apigenin reduce lipoteichoic acid-induced inflammatory response in rat cardiomyoblast cells. | infective endocarditis is caused by streptococcus sanguinis present in dental plaque, which can induce inflammatory responses in the endocardium. the present study depicts research on the properties of apigenin in embryonic mouse heart cells (h9c2) treated with lipoteichoic acid (lta) obtained from s. sanguinis. interleukin-1β and cyclooxygenase (cox)-2 expression were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. in addition, western blot assays and immuno-fluorescence staining w ... | 2017 | 27193174 |
| probing the nanoadhesion of streptococcus sanguinis to titanium implant surfaces by atomic force microscopy. | as titanium (ti) continues to be utilized in great extent for the fabrication of artificial implants, it is important to understand the crucial bacterium-ti interaction occurring during the initial phases of biofilm formation. by employing a single-cell force spectroscopy technique, the nanoadhesive interactions between the early-colonizing streptococcus sanguinis and a clinically analogous smooth ti substrate were explored. mean adhesion forces between s. sanguinis and ti were found to be 0.32± ... | 2016 | 27103802 |
| a massive haemothorax as an unusual complication of infective endocarditis caused by streptococcus sanguinis. | infective endocarditis involving the tricuspid valve is an uncommon condition, and a consequent haemothorax associated with pulmonary embolism is extremely rare. particularly, there are no guidelines for the management of this complication. we describe a rare case of pulmonary embolism and infarction followed by a haemothorax due to infective endocarditis of the tricuspid valve caused by streptococcus sanguinis. | 2016 | 27075785 |
| involvement of nadh oxidase in biofilm formation in streptococcus sanguinis. | biofilms play important roles in microbial communities and are related to infectious diseases. here, we report direct evidence that a bacterial nox gene encoding nadh oxidase is involved in biofilm formation. a dramatic reduction in biofilm formation was observed in a streptococcus sanguinis nox mutant under anaerobic conditions without any decrease in growth. the membrane fluidity of the mutant bacterial cells was found to be decreased and the fatty acid composition altered, with increased palm ... | 2016 | 26950587 |
| spxb-mediated h2 o2 induces programmed cell death in streptococcus sanguinis. | streptococcus sanguinis (s. sanguinis) is a commensal oral streptococci that produces hydrogen peroxide (h2 o2 ), and this production is dependent on pyruvate oxidase (spxb) activity. in addition to its well-known role in intraspecies or interspecies competitions, recent studies have shown that h2 o2 produced by s. sanguinis under aerobic conditions not only upregulates biofilm formation and edna release but also regulates cell death without obvious cell lysis. here, we report that s. sanguinis ... | 2016 | 26879582 |
| structural basis for sialoglycan binding by the streptococcus sanguinis srpa adhesin. | streptococcus sanguinisis a leading cause of infective endocarditis, a life-threatening infection of the cardiovascular system. an important interaction in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis is attachment of the organisms to host platelets.s. sanguinisexpresses a serine-rich repeat adhesin, srpa, similar in sequence to platelet-binding adhesins associated with increased virulence in this disease. in this study, we determined the first crystal structure of the putative binding region of s ... | 2016 | 26833566 |
| the role of nicotine, cotinine and caffeine on the electrochemical behavior and bacterial colonization to cp-ti. | although smoking promotes deleterious effect to bone healing, there is a lack of study investigating its role on the implant structure and biofilm growth. we hypothesized that nicotine, cotinine and caffeine would impair the corrosion resistance of commercially-pure titanium (cp-ti) and would enhance streptococcus sanguinis biofilm growth. neither the smoking products nor the caffeine affected the corrosion tendency (p>.05) and the oxide layer resistance (p=.762) of cp-ti. lower capacitance valu ... | 2015 | 26249572 |
| effect of punica granatum l. flower water extract on five common oral bacteria and bacterial biofilm formation on orthodontic wire. | use of herbal extracts and essences as natural antibacterial compounds has become increasingly popular for the control of oral infectious diseases. therefore, finding natural antimicrobial products with the lowest side effects seems necessary. the present study sought to assess the effect of punica granatum l. water extract on five oral bacteria and bacterial biofilm formation on orthodontic wire. | 2014 | 26171362 |
| penetration of streptococcus sobrinus and streptococcus sanguinis into dental enamel. | the aim of this pilot study was to assess the difference in virulence of acidogenic and aciduric oral streptococci in an in vitro caries model using their penetration depths into dental enamel. 30 caries-free extracted molars from 11- to 16-year-olds were cleaned ultrasonically for 1 min with de-ionized water and, after air-drying, embedded in epoxy resin. after 8-h of setting at room temperature, the specimens were ground on the buccal side with sic-paper 1200 (particle size 13-16 μm). enamel w ... | 2015 | 25805186 |
| the bacterial sealing capacity of morse taper implant-abutment systems in vitro. | the use of morse taper systems in dental implantology has been associated widely with a more precise adaptation between implants and their respective abutments. this may lead to an increase in the stability of the implant system and may also prevent microbial invasion through the implant-abutment interface. the aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the ability of four commercially available morse taper system units to impede bacterial penetration through their implant-abutment interfaces ... | 2015 | 25658884 |
| identifying essential streptococcus sanguinis genes using genome-wide deletion mutation. | essential genes in pathogens are important for the development of antibacterial drugs. in this report, we described a protocol to identify essential genes in the streptococcus sanguinis sk36 strain using genome-wide deletion mutation. a fusion pcr-based method is used to construct gene deletion fragments, which contain kanamycin resistance cassettes with two flanking arms of dna upstream and downstream of the target gene. the linear fused pcr amplicons were transformed into s. sanguinis sk36 cel ... | 2015 | 25636610 |
| characterization of the arginolytic microflora provides insights into ph homeostasis in human oral biofilms. | a selected group of oral bacteria commonly associated with dental health is capable of producing alkali via the arginine deiminase system (ads), which has a profound impact on the ph of human oral biofilms. an increased risk for dental caries has been associated with reduced ads activity of the bacteria in oral biofilms. arginolytic bacterial strains from dental plaque samples of caries-free and caries-active adults were isolated and characterized to investigate the basis for differences in plaq ... | 2015 | 25634570 |
| identification and analysis of potential targets in streptococcus sanguinis using computer aided protein data analysis. | streptococcus sanguinis is a gram-positive, facultative aerobic bacterium that is a member of the viridans streptococcus group. it is found in human mouths in dental plaque, which accounts for both dental cavities and bacterial endocarditis, and which entails a mortality rate of 25%. although a range of remedial mediators have been found to control this organism, the effectiveness of agents such as penicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and erythromycin, was observed. the emphas ... | 2014 | 25473301 |
| two-component system vicrk regulates functions associated with establishment of streptococcus sanguinis in biofilms. | streptococcus sanguinis is a commensal pioneer colonizer of teeth and an opportunistic pathogen of infectious endocarditis. the establishment of s. sanguinis in host sites likely requires dynamic fitting of the cell wall in response to local stimuli. in this study, we investigated the two-component system (tcs) vicrk in s. sanguinis (vicrkss), which regulates genes of cell wall biogenesis, biofilm formation, and virulence in opportunistic pathogens. a vick knockout mutant obtained from strain sk ... | 2014 | 25183732 |
| flavonoids inhibit inos production via mitogen activated proteins in lipoteichoic acid stimulated cardiomyoblasts. | infective endocarditis is caused by oral commensal bacteria which are important etiologic agents in this disease and can induce release of nitric oxide (no), promoting an inflammatory response in the endocardium. in this study, we investigated the properties of kaempherol, epigallocatechin, apigenin, and naringin in embryonic mouse heart cells (h9c2) treated with lipoteichoic acid (lta) obtained from streptococcus sanguinis. no production was measured with the griess method. expression of induci ... | 2014 | 24768712 |
| streptococcus sanguinis-induced cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase-1 release from platelets. | streptococcus sanguinis (s.sanguinis), a predominant bacterium in the human oral cavity, has been widely associated with the development of infective endocarditis. platelets play both a haemostatic function and can influence both innate and adaptive immune responses. previous studies have shown that s.sanguinis can interact with, and activate, platelets. | 2014 | 24755160 |
| the relationship of the lipoprotein ssab, manganese and superoxide dismutase in streptococcus sanguinis virulence for endocarditis. | streptococcus sanguinis colonizes teeth and is an important cause of infective endocarditis. our prior work showed that the lipoprotein ssab is critical for s. sanguinis virulence for endocarditis and belongs to the lrai family of conserved metal transporters. in this study, we demonstrated that an ssab mutant accumulates less manganese and iron than its parent. a mutant lacking the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase, soda, was significantly less virulent than wild-type in a rabbit model o ... | 2014 | 24750294 |
| giant nonfamilial left atrial myxoma presenting with eye embolism and nonvalvular streptococcus sanguinis endocarditis. | | 2014 | 24681126 |
| myricetin blocks lipoteichoic acid-induced cox-2 expression in human gingival fibroblasts. | periodontitis is an infectious disease caused by microorganisms present in dental bacterial plaque. lipoteichoic acid (lta) is a component of the external membrane of gram-positive bacteria. it causes septic shock. ingested flavonoids have been reported to directly affect the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) expression induced by bacterial toxins. in this study, we examined the effects of four flavonoids (luteolin, fisetin, morin and myricetin) on the activation of erk1/2, p38 and akt, and ... | 2014 | 24569980 |
| streptococcus sanguinis class ib ribonucleotide reductase: high activity with both iron and manganese cofactors and structural insights. | streptococcus sanguinis is a causative agent of infective endocarditis. deletion of ssab, a manganese transporter, drastically reduces s. sanguinis virulence. many pathogenic organisms require class ib ribonucleotide reductase (rnr) to catalyze the conversion of nucleotides to deoxynucleotides under aerobic conditions, and recent studies demonstrate that this enzyme uses a dimanganese-tyrosyl radical (mn(iii)2-y(•)) cofactor in vivo. the proteins required for s. sanguinis ribonucleotide reductio ... | 2014 | 24381172 |
| genetic characterization and role in virulence of the ribonucleotide reductases of streptococcus sanguinis. | streptococcus sanguinis is a cause of infective endocarditis and has been shown to require a manganese transporter called ssab for virulence and o2 tolerance. like certain other pathogens, s. sanguinis possesses aerobic class ib (nrdef) and anaerobic class iii (nrddg) ribonucleotide reductases (rnrs) that perform the essential function of reducing ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. the accompanying paper (makhlynets, o., boal, a. k., rhodes, d. v., kitten, t., rosenzweig, a. c., and stubbe ... | 2014 | 24381171 |
| characterization of a novel cold-active esterase isolated from swamp sediment metagenome. | a functional screen of a metagenomic library from "upo" swamp sediment in korea identified a gene estl28, the product of which displayed lipolytic properties on a tributyrin-supplemented medium. the estl28 sequence encodes a 290 amino acid protein (designated as estl28), with a predicted molecular weight of 31.3 kda. the encoded estl28 protein exhibited the highest sequence similarity (45 %) to a hydrolase found in streptococcus sanguinis. phylogenetic analysis indicated that estl28 belongs to a ... | 2014 | 24353039 |
| systematic study of genes influencing cellular chain length in streptococcus sanguinis. | streptococcus sanguinis is a gram-positive bacterium that is indigenous to the oral cavity. s. sanguinis, a primary colonizer of the oral cavity, serves as a tether for the attachment of other oral pathogens. the colonization of microbes on the tooth surface forms dental plaque, which can lead to the onset of periodontal disease. we examined a comprehensive mutant library to identify genes related to cellular chain length and morphology using phase-contrast microscopy. a number of hypothetical g ... | 2014 | 24295823 |
| postcaesarean open-heart surgery for streptococcus sanguinis infective endocarditis. | a 33-week pregnant (gravida 3), 29-year-old woman was transferred for management of streptococcus sanguinis infective endocarditis. a vegetation was present on the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve with moderate mitral regurgitation. on admission (day 1), the ultrasound examination revealed splenic abscesses and retarded intrauterine growth albeit with normal vessels. the fetal heart rate was 140 bpm. on day 11, the baby was delivered by caesarean, and then the mother underwent tubal ligatio ... | 2013 | 24234426 |
| radial mycotic aneurysm complicated with infective endocarditis caused by streptococcus sanguinis. | peripheral mycotic aneurysm is a rare complication of infective endocarditis. we herein report the case of a 61-year-old man with a mycotic aneurysm in the left brachial artery, that appeared during treatment with antibiotics against infective endocarditis caused by streptococcus sanguinis. after confirming the collateral blood flow on arteriography, we resected the aneurysm and performed valvuloplasty, annuloplasty and coronary artery bypass grafting. the patient has been in good condition with ... | 2013 | 24126401 |
| the bacterial adhesion on and the cytotoxicity of various dental cements used for implant-supported fixed restorations. | bacterial adhesion on and cytotoxicity of eight luting agents used for implant-supported restorations were investigated. | 2014 | 24074394 |
| effects of azithromycin on intracellular cytokine responses and mucocutaneous manifestations in behçet's disease. | the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of azithromycin on mucocutaneous manifestations and ex vivo intracellular cytokine responses in patients with behçet's disease (bd). | 2013 | 23879671 |
| s. sanguinis adhesion on rough titanium surfaces: effect of culture media. | bacterial colonization plays a key role in dental implant failure, because they attach directly on implant surface upon implantation. between different types of bacteria associated with the oral environment, streptococcus sanguinis is essential in this process since it is an early colonizer. in this work the relationship between titanium surfaces modified by shot blasting treatment and s. sanguinis adhesion; have been studied in approached human mouth environment. bacteria pre-inoculated with ro ... | 2013 | 25427478 |
| streptococcus sanguinis meningitis following endoscopic ligation for oesophageal variceal haemorrhage. | we report a case of acute purulent meningitis caused by streptococcus sanguinis after endoscopic ligation for oesophageal variceal haemorrhage in a cirrhotic patient without preceding symptoms of meningitis. initial treatment with flomoxef failed. the patient was cured after 20 days of intravenous penicillin g. this uncommon infection due to s. sanguinis adds to the long list of infectious complications among patients with oesophageal variceal haemorrhage. | 2013 | 23429697 |
| a not very nice case of endocarditis. | a 69-year-old man, previously independent and with a pre-existing metallic aortic valve, presented with a history of fevers, confusion and malaise and was diagnosed with prosthetic valve endocarditis. blood cultures taken on presentation grew streptococcus sanguinis and vegetations were confirmed on transoesophageal echocardiogram. he had had a dental procedure 10 days before presentation but had not received prophylactic antibiotics; he had been receiving antibiotic prophylaxis for dental treat ... | 2013 | 23365162 |
| association of the toll-like receptor 9 gene polymorphisms with behcet's disease in a japanese population. | bacterial infection (i.e., streptococcus sanguinis) has been suggested to be related to pathogenesis and/or symptom of behcet's disease (bd). toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9) plays an important role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems by recognizing a component of bacterial dna (i.e., cpg-dna). previous studies have demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in tlr9 were associated with infectious and autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases. in this study, we detected five snps ... | 2012 | 23237868 |
| computer-assisted flapless implant placement reduces the incidence of surgery-related bacteremia. | bacteremia--the access of bacterium to the bloodstream--may yield life-threatening complications. the aim of this study was to compare the incidence, duration, and type of bacterium leading to bacteremia with relation to conventional and computer-assisted flapless implant surgery. | 2013 | 23224042 |
| genome-wide gene deletions in streptococcus sanguinis by high throughput pcr. | transposon mutagenesis and single-gene deletion are two methods applied in genome-wide gene knockout in bacteria (1,2). although transposon mutagenesis is less time consuming, less costly, and does not require completed genome information, there are two weaknesses in this method: (1) the possibility of a disparate mutants in the mixed mutant library that counter-selects mutants with decreased competition; and (2) the possibility of partial gene inactivation whereby genes do not entirely lose the ... | 2012 | 23207952 |
| serum iga reactivity against groel of streptococcus sanguinis and human heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein a2/b1 in patients with behçet disease. | infectious agents, especially streptococcus sanguinis and herpes simplex virus, have long been postulated as major triggering factors for behçet disease (bd). | 2013 | 23137016 |
| streptococcus sanguinis and the sera of patients with behçet's disease stimulate membrane expression of α-enolase in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. | the glycolytic enzyme α-enolase is a plasminogen-binding protein that is generally found in the cytosolic compartment. however, α-enolase can also be expressed on cell surfaces following an inflammatory stimulus via an unknown mechanism. we investigated the effects of streptococcus sanguinis (s. sanguinis) and the sera of patients with behçet's disease (bd) on the expression and distribution of α-enolase in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (hdmecs). hdmecs were stimulated with cultur ... | 2013 | 23131860 |
| heterologous expression of sahh reveals that biofilm formation is autoinducer-2-independent in streptococcus sanguinis but is associated with an intact activated methionine cycle. | numerous studies have claimed deleterious effects of luxs mutation on many bacterial phenotypes, including bacterial biofilm formation. genetic complementation mostly restored the observed mutant phenotypes to wt levels, leading to the postulation that quorum sensing via a family of molecules generically termed autoinducer-2 (ai-2) is essential for many phenotypes. because luxs mutation has dual effects, this hypothesis needs to be investigated into the details for each bacterial species. in thi ... | 2012 | 22942290 |
| glenohumeral joint sepsis after magnetic resonance imaging arthrogram. | a 65-year-old patient presented with right shoulder pain that had increased in severity over the preceding 2 days. the pain began after the patient had a gadolinium arthrogram for magnetic resonance imaging for rotator cuff evaluation. examination and laboratory test findings were consistent with a septic glenohumeral joint and emergent arthroscopic irrigation and debridement were performed. streptococcus sanguinis was isolated from the intraoperative culture, and the infection resolved after a ... | 2012 | 22837992 |
| ecto-5'-nucleotidase: a candidate virulence factor in streptococcus sanguinis experimental endocarditis. | streptococcus sanguinis is the most common cause of infective endocarditis (ie). since the molecular basis of virulence of this oral commensal bacterium remains unclear, we searched the genome of s. sanguinis for previously unidentified virulence factors. we identified a cell surface ecto-5'-nucleotidase (nt5e), as a candidate virulence factor. by colorimetric phosphate assay, we showed that s. sanguinis nt5e can hydrolyze extracellular adenosine triphosphate to generate adenosine. moreover, a n ... | 2012 | 22685551 |
| antibiotic-treated streptococcus sanguinis intracranial mycotic aneurysm. | we report the case of a woman 33 years of age with infective endocarditis-related intracranial mycotic aneurysm (ima) caused by a streptococcus sanguinis infection. the clinical diagnosis was confirmed by the findings of magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiographic (mra) studies, echocardiographic studies, and a positive blood culture result. she underwent antimicrobial treatment only (ceftriaxone intravenously for 8 weeks and penicillin v orally for 6 weeks). the regression and d ... | 2012 | 22385612 |
| platelet activation by streptococcus sanguinis is accompanied by map kinase phosphorylation. | there is increasing interest in the role of infections in atherothrombotic conditions. in particular, bacteria, notably those of oral origin, have been shown to activate platelets using a variety of mechanisms. previous studies have shown that s. sanguinis strain 2017-78 induces platelet aggregation which requires the presence of both vwf and igg. this aggregation is accompanied by the consecutive phosphorylation/desphosphorylation/rephosphorylation of several signalling proteins. the first two ... | 2013 | 22372533 |
| [infective endocarditis of the mitral valve complicated with preoperative rupture of the mycotic iliocolic artery aneurysm]. | a 55-year-old man was diagnosed with infective endocarditis( ie) of the mitral valve caused by streptococcus sanguinis. his ie was controlled immediately after the initiation of intravenous antibiotic therapy lasting for 4 weeks. a few days before surgery, he complained of abdominal discomfort and computed tomography (ct) scan revealed rupture of the mycotic iliocolic artery aneurysm. emergency transcatheter arterial embolization( tae) was successfully conducted. after additional 4 weeks' intrav ... | 2012 | 22314165 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activities against cariogenic streptococci and their antioxidant capacities: a comparative study of green tea versus different herbs. | the antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria, total antioxidant capacity and phenolic constituents of methanolic extracts from 11 herbs were investigated and compared with those of green tea (camellia sinensis). among the 12 tested herbs, eight herbal extracts could inhibit the growth of streptococcus sanguinis. jasmine, jiaogulan, and lemongrass were the most potent, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of 1mg/ml, while green tea was less effective, with a mic of 4mg/ml. among ... | 2008 | 26047271 |
| antimicrobial efficacy of triple antibiotic-eluting polymer nanofibers against multispecies biofilm. | the elimination of microbial flora in cases of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp is both key and a challenging goal for the long-term success of regenerative therapy. recent research has focused on the development of cell-friendly intracanal drug delivery systems. this in vitro study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial action of 3-dimensional (3d) tubular-shaped triple antibiotic-eluting nanofibrous constructs against a multispecies biofilm on human dentin. polydioxanone polymer sol ... | 2017 | 28778504 |