| [pneumocystis carinii infections in a danish case population of renal transplants]. | | 1986 | 3529553 |
| analyses of rat pneumocystis carinii antigens recognized by human and rat antibodies by using western immunoblotting. | the major pneumocystis carinii antigens inducing antibody responses in infected hosts were identified by western immunoblotting techniques. the biochemical nature of these antigens was also elucidated. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by protein staining revealed a major component with a molecular weight (mw) of greater than 205,000. this major component disappeared and a new major protein staining component of approximately 110,000 to 116,000 mw appeared when e ... | 1986 | 3531021 |
| pulmonary nocardiosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. diagnosis with bronchoalveolar lavage and treatment with non-sulphur containing drugs. | a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) presented with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and pulmonary nocardiosis. the nocardial lesions appeared small and localized on chest radiograph. on two separate occasions, nocardial organisms were absent in transbronchial lung biopsy specimens, but were identified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid probably because the latter specimen sampled a larger area of lung. the patient was initially treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp/ ... | 1986 | 3536345 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1986 | 3538805 |
| pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii infections in patients with aids. | pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii are the commonest protozoans causing infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). p. carinii is almost exclusively a pulmonary pathogen and caused the commonest serious infection experienced by aids patients. the clinical findings are those of progressive pneumonia. diagnosis requires microscopic examination of lower respiratory secretions or lung tissue. pentamidine or combinations of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are equa ... | 1986 | 3541120 |
| preliminary studies on the development of a vaccine for pneumocystis carinii. i. immunological and biochemical characterization. | initial progress has been made toward the development of an experimental vaccine or immunostimulant for pneumocystis carinii. antigen derived from cell culture propagated p. carinii proved to be a potent immunogen in the rabbit and antibody thus produced demonstrated identity with intact murine and human lung-derived p. carinii organisms. reactivity of the antibody with p. carinii soluble antigen in the blood of rats and human subjects with p. carinii pneumonitis (pcp) was demonstrated by the ou ... | 1986 | 3541429 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. cytologic manifestations and rapid diagnosis in routinely prepared papanicolaou-stained preparations. | in this study of 28 immunocompromised patients, it was found that pneumocystis carinii pneumonia could be easily and reliably diagnosed by examination of routinely prepared, papanicolaou-stained cellular samples obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushing, and bronchial washing. the distinctive intra-alveolar exudate of pneumocystosis observed in lung biopsy specimens was readily discernible in all of the cellular samples that demonstrated p. carinii by special stains. the exudate was ... | 1986 | 3541586 |
| infectious complications in heart transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine and corticosteroids. | the rate of infectious complications differed significantly in two groups of heart transplant recipients who received different immunosuppressive regimens. compared with patients who received conventional immunosuppression, patients treated with cyclosporine had a lower rate of infectious complications, and the contribution of infection to observed mortality was lower. herpes simplex virus caused less morbidity and there were fewer active cytomegalovirus infections in seropositive recipients tre ... | 1987 | 3541723 |
| histoenzymological study of selected dehydrogenase enzymes in pneumocystis carinii. | the metabolic activity of pneumocystis carinii cysts was studied histochemically by a tetrazolium dye technique to assess substrate-specific dehydrogenase activity. lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase produced moderate-to-strong reactions in the cysts, whereas glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase had little if any reactivity. these results suggest that pneumocystis cysts have some of the enzymes necessary for glycolysis, krebs cycle activity, and intermediary ... | 1987 | 3546138 |
| patterns of antibody response in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | immunofluorescence and immunoblot assays were conducted on 488 sera from patients with aids and clinically healthy individuals at risk for infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. of these, 360 contained antiviral antibodies, and nearly all reacted with the envelope precursor glycoprotein gp160. sera from 103 individuals for whom a complete clinical history was available were evaluated in detail. most sera recognized both the gp160 and the p55 gag precursor protein. because these two antig ... | 1987 | 3546516 |
| a comparison of the antigenic characteristics of rat and human pneumocystis carinii by immunoblotting. | the antigenic characteristics of rat pneumocystis carinii obtained from infected lungs and grown in tissue culture were compared with the properties of human p. carinii obtained from the lungs of aids and non-aids patients by the immunoblotting technique, using different sources of antibody. major immunoreactive bands of 45, 50, and 116 kd were found in both lung and tissue culture-derived rat p. carinii, suggesting the organism retains its antigenic characteristics in short-term culture. the pr ... | 1987 | 3549900 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) has become one of the most important of the opportunistic pulmonary infections of the 1980s. in view of the rapidly expanding population of immunosuppressed patients, many more cases of pcp may be expected in the future. the history, microbiology, pathogenesis, pathology, clinical and laboratory features, diagnosis, treatment, course and prognosis of this disease are reviewed. | 1987 | 3551122 |
| accelerated solute clearance in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | a radioaerosol clearance test was used to detect lung injury in 12 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia documented by bronchoscopy. the clearance of 99mtc-dtpa was elevated over most regions of interest in all of these patients. in each of 7 subjects who responded to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy, clearance returned toward normal. average clearances were either normal or very slightly above the 95% expected upper limit of normal in e ... | 1987 | 3551706 |
| use of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine (fansidar) in prophylaxis against chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum and pneumocystis carinii. | the widespread emergence of chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum led to the formulation of an effective, fixed combination of two antimalarial agents, pyrimethamine and the long-acting sulfonamide sulfadoxine, for prophylaxis and treatment. these drugs act at sequential steps to inhibit the formation of tetrahydrofolate in the parasite. recently, their use for malaria prophylaxis has been associated with severe, at times fatal, cutaneous reactions including erythema multiforme, stevens-jo ... | 1987 | 3551713 |
| pentamidine isethionate. a review of its antiprotozoal activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pentamidine isethionate, an aromatic diamidine, is an antiprotozoal agent proven to decrease mortality from pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in debilitated infants and immunodeficient adults and children. like the combination antimicrobial agent co-trimoxazole, pentamidine has been shown in retrospective studies to resolve episodes of pneumonia in approximately 41 to 87% of patients, including those with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), when used alone or as sequential therapy. altho ... | 1987 | 3552596 |
| use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in pediatric infections: relative merits of intravenous administration. | trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) has traditionally been employed as an oral formulation for infections in ambulatory pediatric patients. however, therapeutic concentrations of tmp and smz in serum and csf are more consistently attained after intravenous administration. serum half-life increases with the age of the child, and few significant toxic effects are observed with intravenous administration. either the necessity to optimize bioavailability because of the underlying seriousness of ... | 1987 | 3554455 |
| use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole singly and in combination with other antibiotics in immunocompromised patients. | experience with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) alone or in combination with other agents in the treatment of immunocompromised patients other than those with pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is reviewed. a comparative study involving 126 episodes of fever showed a higher rate of response to a tmp-smz-carbenicillin regimen than to a gentamicin-carbenicillin combination (85% vs. 69%, respectively, p less than or equal to .04). in another study tm ... | 1987 | 3554456 |
| use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | this report reviews the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) in individuals with pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis (pcp) and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). before aids, tmp-smz was at least as effective as pentamidine in pediatric and adult populations and was notably less toxic. in a study prospectively comparing tmp-smz with pentamidine in patients with aids, the toxicity associated with either therapy was very high, a problem suggesting a need for the development of a ... | 1987 | 3554457 |
| pneumocystis carinii: immunoblotting and immunofluorescent analyses of serum antibodies during experimental rat infection and recovery. | serum antibodies to pneumocystis carinii were measured in rats by the indirect fluorescent antibody and immunoblotting techniques. serum igg and igm antibodies developed with environmental exposure to p. carinii, were low or absent during immunosuppression to induce p. carinii pneumonia, and rose when immunosuppression was withdrawn. the igg and igm antibodies formed at the same time, but the titers of each antibody varied in individual rats. serum igg antibodies by immunoblotting recognized ban ... | 1987 | 3556208 |
| [kaposi's disease in aids: 31 cases]. | we report 31 cases of aids-kaposi's sarcoma (ks) studied at the hôpital saint-louis, paris, france, from january 1983 to january 1986. twenty-nine cases were cutaneous ks and 2 were lymph-node ks. twenty-eight patients were homosexual or bisexual males, 1 was a woman with transfusion-aids and 1 was an intravenous drug-addict; one male had no known risk factor. thirty were male and 1 female, mean age 35.5 years (+/- 8.4). all were caucasian and positive for lav antibodies (elavia). 17/30 (56.6 p. ... | 1987 | 3579136 |
| clinical and epidemiological aspects of the first 50 cases of aids in milan. | between april 1984 and december 1985, 50 patients diagnosed as aids were observed in our clinic. risk factors were homosexuality in 21 cases (42%), drug addiction in 20 (40%), homosexuality and drug addiction in 3 (6%), haemophilia in 1 (2%). in the remaining 5 cases the infection was acquired by vertical transmission in 2 (4%), by promiscuous heterosexual intercourse in 2 (4%) and by a single blood transfusion in 1 (2%). kaposi's sarcoma (ks) was the main clinical feature in 8 patients, althoug ... | 1986 | 3580141 |
| role of bronchoalveolar lavage in the assessment of opportunistic pulmonary infections: utility and complications. | we prospectively evaluated the diagnostic role of bronchoalveolar lavage in the assessment of opportunistic pulmonary infections and the incidence of associated complications in 100 immunocompromised patients during a 9-month period. bronchoalveolar lavage was useful in detecting the presence of pneumocystis carinii, viruses, fungi, bacteria, and mycobacteria in the lower respiratory tract. p. carinii was diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage in 17 patients and by open-lung biopsy in 1. other orga ... | 1987 | 3586713 |
| children with aids--is pathologic diagnosis possible based on chest radiographs? | in a review of the clinical, radiographic and pathologic data of 36 patients with aids we found 29 with pulmonary infections (cytomegalic virus, pneumocystis carinii, etc.) and 7 who had varying types of lymphocytic infiltration and interstitial changes on chest radiographs but did not have opportunistic infection. pathologic diagnosis included lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, bronchus associated lymphoid tissue, chronic interstitial pneumonitis, desquamative interstitial pneumonitis and im ... | 1987 | 3601462 |
| psychosocial considerations in the therapy of epidemic kaposi's sarcoma. | since the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) burst into prominence in 1981, it has claimed victims at an exponential rate and taxed the resources of physicians, health workers, and social support agencies. a sizeable minority of aids patients, mainly male homosexuals, have been presented with epidemic kaposi's sarcoma (eks). although life expectancy with this presentation may be greater than with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or other opportunistic infection, the underlying immunodefici ... | 1987 | 3603057 |
| [disseminated mucocutaneous kaposi sarcoma in aids. clinical and therapeutic experiences in 13 patients]. | since 1980 a new epidemic form of disseminated mucocutaneous kaposi's sarcoma (ks) with a progressive clinical course has been observed in populations at risk. since 1982, 13 cases of aids-associated ks have been seen in our department; all of them were in young homosexual males with circulating hiv antibodies and a reduction in the ratio of t-helper to t-suppressor lymphocytes (0.05-1.3). following systemic treatment with recombinant alpha a-interferon (rifn-alpha a) over a period of 6 months ( ... | 1987 | 3610636 |
| pneumonias acquired from others. 1. history, examination, laboratory findings. | differential diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia can be elusive, even though the disease remains a frequent cause of admission to the hospital. the familiar organisms--pneumococci, group a streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae, and hemophilus influenzae--are still often the cause. however, less common organisms, in particular pneumocystis carinii, which is associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, are being seen more often. data gathered from a thorough histo ... | 1987 | 3615308 |
| a high performance liquid chromatography method for trimethoprim utilizing solid-phase column extraction. | the antibiotic combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim was evaluated for treatment of peritonitis in patients in renal failure undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. although current methods of analysis were adequate for measurement of sulfamethoxazole, a review of the available methods of analysis for trimethoprim did not yield a satisfactory method. therefore, a high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) assay was developed to follow the pharmacokinetics of trimethop ... | 1987 | 3617162 |
| acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in brazil. necropsy findings. | according to the 15 autopsies performed at the department of pathological anatomy, escola paulista de medicina, são paulo, brazil, it was confirmed that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) occurs preferably in young homosexual males, who die in a short period of time of the disease, which leads to a consumptive state verified by cachexia of the cadavers. the most affected organs of this series were the lungs and encephalum, exactly the ones responsible for the immediate cause of death. in ... | 1987 | 3620018 |
| autopsy findings in aids--a histopathological analysis of fifty cases. | fifty consecutive aids autopsy cases were evaluated. all subjects showed one or more opportunistic infections and malignancies included in the aids case definition with cytomegalovirus and kaposi's sarcoma being most prevalent. mycobacterial and cryptococcal infections occurred only infrequently. most patients of our series after successful treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or cerebral toxoplasmosis later succumbed to less treatable conditions like disseminated cytomegalovirus or funga ... | 1987 | 3626432 |
| fatal infections in systemic lupus erythematosus: the role of opportunistic organisms. | the causes of death were examined in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) who were cared for at the university of california, san francisco and who died after 1969. of the 44 deaths analyzed, 33 patients had autopsies. infections were common and often determined to be the cause of death. overall, infections were present in 55 percent (22/44), and judged to be a cause of death in 30 percent (13/44) of all deaths. the infections could be divided into 2 groups: those due to common bacte ... | 1987 | 3626846 |
| [aids in africa]. | the main aspects of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic in africa as of mid-1986 are discussed. in certain parts of africa the disease appears to be widespread and fairly evenly divided between the sexes. most of the aids patients have traveled a great deal and been very active sexually, even while traveling. prostitutes in such large cities as nairobi are heavily infected with hiv. recognized routes of infection are: sexual transmission, blood transfusion, contaminated i ... | 1986 | 3642940 |
| aids in two african infants born in belgium. | two african infants born in belgium, dying from the acquired immune deficiency syndrome are reported. the first patient was a premature baby girl born to healthy parents. however, her asymptomatic mother was found to have polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia, a reversed t-helper/t-suppressor ratio and a decreased lymphocyte response to mitogens. the second patient's mother was treated for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during the fourth month of gestation and was subsequently diagnosed with aids. ... | 1987 | 3645954 |
| ribavirin treatment of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and the acquired-immunodeficiency-syndrome-related complex (arc). a phase 1 study shows transient clinical improvement associated with suppression of the human immunodeficiency virus and enhanced lymphocyte proliferation. | to assess safety, tolerance, and the clinical and laboratory effects of oral ribavirin in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and the aids-related complex. | 1987 | 3662279 |
| the impact of bronchoalveolar lavage cell analysis on clinicians' diagnostic reasoning about interstitial lung disease. | to assess the impact of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) on clinicians' diagnostic reasoning, we administered serial telephone questionnaires to all pulmonary physicians submitting bal specimens to our laboratory from nonimmunocompromised patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease. questionnaires were completed when the lavage specimens were first submitted and again after the results were reported to referring physicians. we recorded the clinicians' ordered list of likeliest diagnoses for the ... | 1987 | 3665598 |
| [bacteriological aspects of 64 cases of severe pneumonia seen in a respiratory intensive care unit]. | we report on the bacterial aspects of 64 cases of severe pneumonia in an intensive care over a two year period, excluding cases occurring during artificial ventilation. in all the cases, the grave respiratory and haemodynamic signs, the blood gas and radiological findings justified admission of these patients to an intensive care unit. specimens for bacteriology, virology and parasitology enabled a precise microbiological diagnosis 43 times (63%); in 44% of these diagnosis the possibility of the ... | 1987 | 3671863 |
| phenytoin hypersensitivity with pulmonary involvement in a hemophiliac patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), with its attendant sequelae of opportunistic infections and aggressive lymphatic malignancies, continues to dominate the world's medical literature. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) remains as the most commonly encountered infection in aids and an early cause of morbidity and mortality. current therapy for pcp revolves around the administration of either pentamidine isoethionate or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; however, the major aids centers repor ... | 1987 | 3678058 |
| membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy in a homosexual man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | a 40-year-old homosexual man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) presented with dyspnea and renal insufficiency. a chest radiograph showed cardiomegaly and prominent pulmonary arteries, without alveolar infiltrates. swan-ganz catheterization revealed pulmonary hypertension and no evidence of left-to-right shunt. liver function tests were normal. he was treated empirically for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, but he died 3 days after admission. at autopsy, membranoproliferative glom ... | 1987 | 3679202 |
| pathogens in children with severe combined immune deficiency disease or aids. | we evaluated the frequency and severity of illnesses caused by various microbial pathogens in 15 children with severe combined immune deficiency disease (scid) and 8 with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). there were 35 viral, 23 bacterial, 19 mycotic and 13 parasitic infections. nineteen of the 23 patients died of infection; pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, giant-cell pneumonia due to paramyxoviruses and various disseminated viral infections were responsible for most deaths in both grou ... | 1986 | 3719484 |
| acquired immune deficiency syndrome in thailand. a report of two cases. | as a major tourist attraction for heterosexuals and homosexuals, thailand stands to experience major increases in the rate of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). this article describes 2 aids cases in thailand, including the 1st documented case. the 1st case involved a 28-year-old unmarried thai male who travelled to the us in 1981 for postgraduate work and had contact with both female prostitutes and homosexual men. in 1982-83, the patient demonstrated fever, fatigue, meningitis, and ... | 1986 | 3723046 |
| a boy with complete triploidy and unusually long survival. | a boy with complete triploidy and extensive external and internal congenital malformations who survived for almost seven months is presented. he was born after 31 weeks of gestation, was utterly small for gestational age and the delivery was induced because of intrauterine asphyxia. the infant had typical features of the complete triploidy syndrome. he did not develop mentally or motorically even to a normal neonatal level. banding analysis of chromosomes and hla-antigen typing of the patient an ... | 1986 | 3728010 |
| ataxia telangiectasia with generalized skin pigmentation and early death. | a female infant with clinical and laboratory features of ataxia telangiectasia (at) showed two clinical features exceptional for the disease, i.e. generalized skin pigmentation and an unusually early death at the age of 15 months. her clinical features supportive of the diagnosis of at included growth and developmental retardation and muscle weakness. findings indicating immunodeficiency included recurrent pulmonary infections, failure of pha stimulation of pb lymphocytes, decreased levels of se ... | 1986 | 3732314 |
| mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection and immunoblastic sarcoma in a fatal case of aids. | a pleomorphic bacterium exhibiting both acid-fast rod forms and non-acid-fast coccal forms, and identified as mycobacterium avium-intracellulare was cultured from a facial lesion diagnosed as immunoblastic sarcoma. the patient was a 36 year-old homosexual man who died of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). in addition, the patient had pre-existing cutaneous lesions of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), and was treated for probable but never proven, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). variably ... | 1986 | 3732865 |
| liquid chromatographic and spectroscopic characterization of pentamidine isethionate and impurities in bulk drug and injectables. | a liquid chromatographic (lc) method is described for evaluating purity of pentamidine isethionate (pi), a life-saving drug used in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, which is a leading cause of death in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). six potential impurity compounds were synthesized to test the selectivity of the chromatographic system and to permit quantitation of impurities in various lots of pi products. the drug and impurities were separated with gradi ... | 1986 | 3745088 |
| primary malignant lymphoma of the anorectum in homosexual men. | two homosexual men presented with primary malignant lymphomas of the anorectum. each patient presented with a painful mass, diagnosed by biopsy and immunologic cell marker studies. one patient, who had a reversed t4/t8 cell ratio, developed a local relapse of the tumor 11 months after radiotherapy, and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the other patient, with a normal t4/t8 ratio, remained lymphoma-free and without evidence of opportunistic infection 25 months after combined chemotherapy and radio ... | 1986 | 3754810 |
| intensive care of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. outcome and changing patterns of utilization. | eighty-two patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) were admitted to the intensive care units (icus) at san francisco general hospital (sfgh) between march 1981 and december 1985. of these patients, 69% died in the hospital, as did 87% of patients who required mechanical ventilation because of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and respiratory failure. although the number of hospital admissions of patients with aids has increased steadily since the fourth quarter of 1982 (12 admis ... | 1986 | 3777686 |
| icu survival of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | the icu records of 31 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were reviewed. of 23 (74%) patients admitted for respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation, 20 (87%) patients had pneumocystis carinii and/or cytomegalovirus pneumonia. of the eight patients admitted without respiratory failure, five (63%) were monitored after brain biopsy. respiratory failure patients remained in the icu for 10 +/- 1 days, compared to 5 +/- 1 days for those without respiratory f ... | 1986 | 3780243 |
| the thoracic surgical spectrum of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | the acquired immune deficiency syndrome has presented a complex and, as yet, unsolvable spectrum of pulmonary disease characterized by bizarre infections, pneumothoraces, respiratory distress, and death. thirty-eight patients underwent 49 surgical procedures during 42 months. ages of the patients ranged from 24 to 56 years. surgical procedures included tracheostomy, closure of air leaks, mediastinoscopy, lobectomy, open lung biopsy, and esophagogastrectomy. hospital mortality was 10 of 38 (24%); ... | 1986 | 3784593 |
| value of repeat fiberoptic bronchoscopies and significance of nondiagnostic bronchoscopic results in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | out of 286 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) who had fiberoptic bronchoscopies performed for the diagnosis of pulmonary disease, 21 (7.3%) patients (group i) had repeat procedures after 1 to 30 days (mean, 14.8 days) because of persistent pulmonary infiltrates despite therapy, and 46 (15.9%) patients (group ii) had repeat procedures after 2 to 32 months (mean, 7.5 months) because of recurrent pulmonary infiltrates after initial clinical and radiographic improvement. pne ... | 1987 | 3813206 |
| nonbronchoscopic lung lavage for diagnosis of opportunistic infection in aids. | thirty patients known to have or suspected of having acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) were evaluated for opportunistic pulmonary infection using a double lumen lavage catheter (dll). lavage specimens obtained were cytocentrifuged and initially stained by the papanicolaou technique as a means of rapid evaluation for pneumocystis carinii. if no opportunistic organism was identified, the patient underwent further diagnostic investigations. in 18 patients receiving mechanical ventilatory su ... | 1987 | 3816309 |
| the spectrum of pneumonia in 1983 at the riyadh armed forces hospital. | the agents causing pneumonia have been assessed in 112 adult patients admitted to the armed forces hospital in riyadh during a period of one year: pathogens were identified in 78 patients (69.6%). sputum culture produced a significant isolate in 60 patients (53.5%), and in 17 (15.2%) the causative agent was suggested by serological tests. streptococcus pneumonia was the commonest infecting agent (21.4%). pneumonia due to mycobacterium tuberculosis was diagnosed in eight patients, to mycoplasma p ... | 1987 | 3819456 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in infants and children: report of nine cases. | we report here nine children with aids. the risk factors of these patients were hemophilia in one, blood transfusions in four, maternal intravenous drug use in three and paternal aids in one. one baby was also of haitian parentage. the major clinical symptoms included failure to thrive, hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy, interstitial pneumonia, recurrent bacterial and viral infections and persistent oral thrush. three infants had chronic recurrent parotitis. five infants developed opportunistic infe ... | 1985 | 3830264 |
| diagnosis and management of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in intravenous drug users. | acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) is a clinical entity that is part of a spectrum of immune dysfunction found in specific high risk groups, among them intravenous drug users. in drug users aids almost always presents as an opportunistic infection, usually pneumocystis carinii. the leading etiologic hypothesis is of a viral agent acting, it is possible, on a previously immunocompromised host. recent research at hospitals affiliated with the albert einstein college of medicine, where an u ... | 1985 | 3832900 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). clinical, immunological, pathological, and microbiological studies of the first case diagnosed in norway. | the first case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in norway, diagnosed in january 1983, is presented, with results of clinical, immunological, and microbiological studies and the results of autopsy. immunological studies showed several immunological abnormalities, including a profound deficiency of the t-cell system of the type usually associated with aids. during the 11 months of symptomatic disease the patient had a series of opportunistic infections, including recurrent candida esop ... | 1985 | 3856941 |
| ultrastructural observations of pneumocystis carinii attachment to rat lung. | | 1985 | 3871224 |
| pentamidine for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1985 | 3871247 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1985 | 3871316 |
| cellular and humoral immune responses of mice subclinically infected with pneumocystis carinii. | cellular and humoral immune responses to pneumocystis carinii were investigated. icr and ddd mice were intranasally infected with 10(4) mouse lung-derived p. carinii, and the delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) reaction and antibody titers to p. carinii were measured along with the number of p. carinii cysts in the lungs after infection. the number of p. carinii cysts in the lungs peaked at 2 weeks after infection and then decreased to barely detectable levels by 4 weeks. serum antibody (immunog ... | 1985 | 3871426 |
| successful treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in hypersensitive aids patients. | | 1985 | 3871490 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia studied by gallium-67 scanning. | the validity and reliability of gallium-67 (ga-67) scanning for diagnosis and follow-up of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) were assessed in 34 patients thought to have pulmonary complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). overall sensitivity was 94% and specificity 74%. among patients with normal or equivocal chest radiographs at the time of admission, sensitivity was 86% and specificity 85%. the authors consider ga-67 scanning a valid and reliable adjunct in the diagnosis o ... | 1985 | 3871532 |
| histoplasmosis in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | this report describes the experience with disseminated histoplasmosis in seven of 15 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) diagnosed in indianapolis since 1981. three were homosexual, two were intravenous drug addicts, one was the spouse of another patient with aids and disseminated histoplasmosis, and the seventh was a hemophiliac. six had associated infections: candidiasis in three, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, recurrent mucocutaneous herpes simplex infection, and dis ... | 1985 | 3871588 |
| role of bronchial brush biopsy in aids with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1985 | 3872202 |
| early experience and difficulties with bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial biopsy in the diagnosis of aids associated pneumonia in britain. | bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial biopsy have been used as adjuncts to the management of patients with pneumonia associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) at the middlesex hospital and the experience gained and difficulties encountered in the first five cases are reported. widely varying organisms were isolated from lavage aspirates, some of which may have been nasopharyngeal contaminants, and organisms cultured from the transbronchial biopsy specimens may offer a bet ... | 1985 | 3872484 |
| granulomatous pneumocystosis presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule. | a case of pneumocytosis presented radiologically as a solitary pulmonary nodule. of cases presenting in this unusual fashion, this may be the first in which the histology was that of a fibrous and granulomatous nodule. the only pathogen identified was pneumocystis carinii. the expected histologic pattern in pneumocystosis (interstitial pneumonitis with foamy alveolar exudate) was completely absent. outside the major pulmonary nodule, scattered microscopic noncaseating granulomas of sarcoid type ... | 1985 | 3872652 |
| pulmonary complications in patients with adult t-cell leukemia. | a survey of 360 patients with various hematologic diseases revealed a high frequency of respiratory complications in patients with adult t-cell leukemia (atl) compared to others. among 29 patients with atl, pulmonary complications were seen in 26 patients; leukemic pulmonary infiltration in 13, bleeding in 1, interstitial pneumonitis in 1, and pulmonary infection in 13. the incidence of pneumocystis carinii and bacterial pneumonias were high despite adequate neutrophil count. even in chronic and ... | 1985 | 3872708 |
| serodiagnosis of pneumocystis carinii. | | 1985 | 3872777 |
| pneumocystis carinii in bone marrow. | | 1985 | 3873199 |
| the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | forty-four episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) occurred in 36 of 70 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. thirty-four patients with 40 episodes of pcp were treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. therapy was successful in 18 episodes (45%), but was unsuccessful in 15 episodes (37.5%). in the latter cases, two patients died within 72 hours; 13, of whom nine died, had therapy changed to pentamidine. in seven additional episodes (17.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol ... | 1985 | 3873229 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: response to inadvertent steroid therapy. | | 1985 | 3873272 |
| persistence of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. evaluation of therapy by follow-up transbronchial lung biopsy. | the effectiveness of therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and/or pentamidine has not been fully evaluated in aids patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). since recurrence of pcp is common, follow-up lung biopsy (15 transbronchial, one open) was performed as part of the clinical evaluation of 16 episodes of pcp. all patients had shown evidence of clinical improvement during treatment and had received a mean duration of therapy of 17.6 days. in six of 16 episodes (38 percent), ho ... | 1985 | 3874046 |
| pulmonary complications of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a clinicopathologic study of 70 cases. | the pulmonary complications of 70 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) are reviewed. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), present in 67 per cent of the patients, was diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsies in all of the patients except two adults, who required open lung biopsy, and two children, in whom the infection was detected only at autopsy. other opportunistic infections, such as cytomegalovirus pneumonitis, mycobacterial infections, invasi ... | 1985 | 3874142 |
| efficacy of tetroxoprim/sulphadiazine in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in rats. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis was induced using dexamethasone in male sprague-dawley rats. after the first death due to pn. carinii occurred, nine rats received 50 mg/kg/day tetroxoprim and 120 mg/kg/day sulphadiazine. four additional rats were given no therapy and served as a positive control. all the surviving rats including five negative controls were sacrificed four weeks after the last positive control rat died. all four rats in the positive control group and two of nine in the treated g ... | 1985 | 3874200 |
| occurrence of pneumocystis carinii in animals in japan. | | 1985 | 3874316 |
| [a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after chemotherapy of bladder tumor]. | this is a case report on a 70-year-old male patient. during chemotherapy treatment after a bladder tumor operation, the patient had a complication of pneumonia which did not respond to various antibiotics. from clinical observations and chest x-ray, it was diagnosed as pneumocystis carinii (pc) pneumonia and was cured by medication of co-trimoxazole. | 1985 | 3874533 |
| diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in pediatric patients using bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage. | | 1985 | 3875082 |
| absence of pneumocystis carinii in lobund germfree and conventional rat colonies. | | 1985 | 3875106 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of pneumocystis carinii in culture. | pneumocystis carinii from infected rats were cultured on infected wi-38 human lung fibroblasts. after cultures were established, medium was replaced by medium containing antimicrobials and supernate organisms counted at specified times. results show that metronidazole had no effect, amphotericin b suppressed organisms at 5 but not 0.5 microgram/ml, and miconazole, chloroquine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and pentamidine isethionate suppressed organisms at the concentrations tested. | 1985 | 3875445 |
| detection of antibodies to pneumocystis carinii by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in experimentally infected mice. | | 1985 | 3875707 |
| diagnosis of pulmonary complications of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | forty eight patients with the acquired immunedeficiency syndrome (aids) presented to the mount sinai hospital in new york with persistent cough and dyspnoea or an abnormal chest radiograph, or both. thirty two (67%) were found to have pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, either alone or in combination with another pathogen. of these patients, eight (25%) had a normal chest radiograph. abnormalities in the single breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient [a-a) do2 ... | 1985 | 3875910 |
| steroid use in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1985 | 3876147 |
| humoral responses to pneumocystis carinii in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in immunocompromised homosexual men. | | 1985 | 3876394 |
| diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by cytologic examination of bronchial washings. | during the last three years, bronchial washings from patients in whom pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was clinically suspected were cytologically examined. these were predominantly cases of suspected or confirmed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. to determine the effectiveness of cytologic diagnosis by means of a bronchial wash, retrospective analysis of bronchial washings with available simultaneous transbronchial biopsy specimens was carried out in 181 cases. comparison of the results of both ... | 1985 | 3876454 |
| cell population obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage in pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. | in the course of bronchoalveolar lavages performed in 115 immunocompromised patients in order to investigate the occurrences of pneumonitis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was diagnosed by demonstration of cysts in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from 11 patients. the cellular phenomena associated with p. carinii infection at the level of the alveolar space were evaluated. differential cell counts on bronchoalveolar lavage preparations stained by the may-grünwald-giemsa method were performed in ... | 1985 | 3876677 |
| the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: problems associated with the management of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | four fatal and two non-fatal cases of pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii and one case of co-trimoxazole-responsive interstitial pneumonia, all in homosexual patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, are described. the lack of clinical signs in the chest and of abnormal radiological findings at presentation in three of the six patients with p. carinii infection, the rapidly progressive course of the disease, as well as the need for early diagnosis and treatment are stressed. th ... | 1985 | 3877121 |
| disseminated sporothrix schenckii infection with arthritis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome are susceptible to a wide spectrum of opportunistic infections. we report a 34-year-old man who developed systemic sporotrichosis involving the skin and joints, and whose illness terminated in subacute encephalopathy and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. fungal arthritis is another infection to which patients with this syndrome are subject. | 1985 | 3877169 |
| utility of gallium67 scintigraphy and bronchial washings in the diagnosis and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | twenty patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and suspected pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were evaluated by gallium67 (ga67 scintigraphy and fiberoptic bronchoscopy for initial diagnosis and response to therapy. lung uptake of ga67 was demonstrated in 100% of aids patients with p. carinii pneumonia, including those with subclinical infection. fiberoptic bronchoscopy identified p. carinii in the bronchial washings of 100% of cases (19 patients), whereas only 13 of 16 (81%) ... | 1985 | 3877481 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia radiographically simulating tuberculosis. | eight immunocompromised patients presented with upper lobe infiltrates that radiographically simulated tuberculosis. bilateral lobar consolidation was present in 5, and apical or posterior segmental consolidation was present in 3. pneumocystis carinii was diagnosed in 7 patients from material obtained at bronchoscopy after sputum stained for mycobacteria had been negative. in the eighth patient, sputum submitted for cytologic evaluation demonstrated p. carinii. the 7 patients surviving this epis ... | 1985 | 3877484 |
| gallium-67 scintigraphy in acquired immune deficiency syndrome complicated by pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1985 | 3877590 |
| radiographic features in patients with pulmonary manifestations of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | the radiographic findings in 14 episodes of pulmonary pathology, occurring in 13 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) are described. the patients presented over a 15-month period. all were homosexual men with serum antibodies to human t-cell lymphotrophic virus iii. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was the most common manifestation, occurring in seven of the 14 episodes. radiographic appearances in five of these were classical, with bilateral perihilar ground-glass shadowin ... | 1985 | 3877604 |
| evaluation of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. | hospital records were reviewed on 78 consecutive patients (33 homosexuals, 37 haitians and 8 iv drug abusers) who had aids and who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy over a two year period. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) was the most common bronchoscopic finding (53.8% of patients) followed by tuberculosis (14.1%), cytomegalovirus infection (12.8%) and atypical mycobacteriosis (3.8%). in 15.4% of patients multiple organisms were found. twenty-seven percent of patients had non-diagnostic bro ... | 1985 | 3877629 |
| serological observations of pneumocystis carinii infection in humans. | serological examinations of pneumocystis carinii antigen and antibody were performed in adult patients with p. carinii pneumonia. the antibody titer was assayed by indirect immunofluorescence, and antigenemia was detected by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. profiles of the time course of antibody levels in serum indicated that development of the antibody occurred at an early stage of pneumonia and that peak titers were obtained during the febrile stage. | 1985 | 3877736 |
| pentamidine treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. association with acute renal failure and myoglobinuria. | a 31-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and biopsy-proved pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developed acute renal failure, elevated creatinine kinase levels, and myoglobin in both serum and urine while being treated with pentamidine. the patient was receiving no other nephrotoxic medications at the time, and these unusual complications were directly related to the pentamidine. | 1985 | 3878136 |
| [pneumocystis carinii in the bone marrow]. | pneumocystis carinii is observed in the bone marrow of two adults immuno-compromised; the initial diseases are on the one hand a hodgkin's disease, on the other hand a malignant lymphoma for immunocytoma type, which necessitate heavy and invalidating treatments. a pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with respiratory distress seems to have carrying away two patients death. eventually pathogenic part of the parasite in the bone marrow localization. | 1985 | 3878233 |
| [acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a child of swiss origin whose mother died from aids]. | report of a now 2 8/12-year-old girl, who presented at the age of 8 months with chronic progressive pneumonia, mucocutaneous candidiasis, diarrhea, failure to thrive and a non-progressive paraplegia. the child's mother presented aids with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and progressive general paralysis one year after the beginning of the child's disease and died within a few months. additional findings in the child include lymphopenia, hyperimmunoglobulinemia, cutaneous anergy and an abnormal t ... | 1985 | 3878345 |
| disease manifestation among homosexual men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a possible role of nitrites in kaposi's sarcoma. | to identify risk factors that determine the major manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), the authors analyzed data from three epidemiologic studies conducted by the centers for disease control. the authors compared patients by outcome of disease. eighty-seven homosexual patients (47 with kaposi's sarcoma, 20 with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and 20 with both) had participated in the earlier studies, and their interviews and laboratory test results were available. com ... | 1985 | 3878602 |
| [detection of pneumocystis carinii in bronchoalveolar lavage. technic and results]. | | 1985 | 3879164 |
| [five cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia diagnosed by bronchofiberscopy--the usefulness of the bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | | 1985 | 3879311 |
| [identification of pneumocystis carinii in a patient dying of aids]. | we compared two different techniques in the preparation of slides for the demonstration of pneumocystis carinii in lung tissue of a patient died for aids. the impressions were prepared by imprinting the autopsy tissue surfaces on glass slides, while the concentrates were prepared by a partial homogenization and subsequent centrifugation of the pulmonary tissue. after staining, the number of protozoa microscopically observed resulted similar with both techniques; moreover using impression smears ... | 1985 | 3879892 |
| comparison of processing techniques for detection of pneumocystis carinii cysts in open-lung biopsy specimens. | methenamine silver stain was used to compare the number of cysts of pneumocystis carinii contained in lung concentrate smears of homogenized lung tissue with the number in impression smears. results were also compared with histopathological examination of methenamine silver-stained paraffin-embedded sections. of slides from 23 preparations, a greater number of cysts were contained in concentrate smears than in impressions (p less than 0.001). in four preparations, cysts were noted in concentrate ... | 1985 | 3882742 |
| acute respiratory failure due to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: clinical, radiographic, and pathologic course. | the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic correlates of acute respiratory failure due to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were studied in 12 renal transplant patients treated with cyclosporin (cs) and prednisone. six patients required only supplemental oxygen, while the other six patients developed the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation despite similar predisposing factors and prompt initiation of therapy. ten (83%) patients survived. increased f ... | 1985 | 3884275 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1985 | 3884451 |