| mycotic ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm at aortic cannulation site. | mycotic aneurysm of the aorta is a rare but highly fatal complication of coronary bypass surgery. a 49-year-old man developed mycotic pseudoaneurysm in the ascending aorta after coronary bypass in another hospital. computed tomography showed the pseudoaneurysm originated from the previous aortic cannulation site. the defect was successfully repaired with pericardial-pledgeted sutures. | 2009 | 19713342 |
| a critical role for hemolysins and bacterial lipoproteins in staphylococcus aureus-induced activation of the nlrp3 inflammasome. | the mechanism by which bacterial pathogens activate caspase-1 via nlrp3 remains poorly understood. in this study, we show that the ability of staphylococcus aureus, a leading cause of infection in humans, to activate caspase-1 and induce il-1beta secretion resides in culture supernatants of growing bacteria. caspase-1 activation induced by s. aureus required alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hemolysins and the host nlrp3 inflammasome. mechanistically, alpha- and beta-hemolysins alone did not trigger casp ... | 2009 | 19717510 |
| antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity in staphylococcus aureus from slaughter pigs in switzerland. | nasal carriage of staphylococcus aureus was evaluated in pigs at slaughterhouse. the nasal cavities of 304 pigs from 54 herds were screened. eighty-nine percent of the farms harbored pigs that were colonized with s. aureus. among them, no mrsa were found, indicating a low prevalence. however, pigs were found to harbor s. aureus, which displayed resistance to penicillin (blaz) (62.5%), tetracycline [tet(m)] (33.3%), streptomycin (strps194) (27%), clindamycin [erm(b)] (4.1%), erythromycin [erm(b)] ... | 2009 | 19722130 |
| reemergence of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcus aureus in the genomics era. | staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of bacterial infections in developed countries and produces a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from minor skin infections to fatal necrotizing pneumonia. although s. aureus infections were historically treatable with common antibiotics, emergence of drug-resistant organisms is now a major concern. methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) was endemic in hospitals by the late 1960s, but it appeared rapidly and unexpectedly in communities in the 1990s and ... | 2009 | 19729844 |
| plectasin shows intracellular activity against staphylococcus aureus in human thp-1 monocytes and in a mouse peritonitis model. | antimicrobial therapy of infections with staphylococcus aureus can pose a challenge due to slow response to therapy and recurrence of infection. these treatment difficulties can partly be explained by intracellular survival of staphylococci, which is why the intracellular activity of antistaphylococcal compounds has received increased attention within recent years. the intracellular activity of plectasin, an antimicrobial peptide, against s. aureus was determined both in vitro and in vivo. in vi ... | 2009 | 19738011 |
| impact of human serum albumin on oritavancin in vitro activity against staphylococcus aureus. | human serum albumin (hsa) did not affect oritavancin mics against non-vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus (non-visa) strains. in time-kill assays, oritavancin bactericidal activity in the presence of hsa was significantly more rapid than comparators against non-visa strains. hsa increased oritavancin mics by 4-fold for visa strains, reflective of reduced oritavancin activity in time-kill assays with hsa. | 2009 | 19748436 |
| bacterial surface protein l binds and inactivates neutrophil proteins s100a8/a9. | finegoldia magna is an anaerobic bacterial species that is part of the normal human flora on all nonsterile body surfaces, but it is also a significant opportunistic pathogen causing a wide range of infections. some isolates of f. magna that are more frequently associated with clinical infection express protein l, a surface protein containing multiple homologous domains (b1-b5) that bind igs through interactions with ig l chains. the present study shows that the n-terminal a domain of protein l ... | 2009 | 19752232 |
| non-spa-typeable clinical staphylococcus aureus strains are naturally occurring protein a mutants. | staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen responsible for increasing the prevalence of community- and hospital-acquired infections. protein a (spa) is a key virulence factor of s. aureus and is highly conserved. sequencing of the variable-number tandem-repeat region of spa (spa typing) provides a rapid and reliable method for epidemiological studies. rarely, non-spa-typeable s. aureus strains are encountered. the reason for this is not known. in this study, we characterized eight non-spa-t ... | 2009 | 19759222 |
| the impact of serine/threonine phosphorylation in staphylococcus aureus. | in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, phosphotransfer represents a common mechanism to regulate cellular functions. recent work revealed that modulation of cellular processes by eukaryote-like serine/threonine kinases (stks) and phosphatases (stps) are widespread in bacteria. during the last two years, first evidence on the role of ser/thr phosphorylation/dephosphorylation in staphylococcus aureus has emerged leading to the identification of a functional stk and corresponding stp. due to homology to kn ... | 2010 | 19783479 |
| rapa: a novel in vitro method to evaluate anti-bacterial skin cleansing products. | development of efficacious anti-bacterial skin cleansing products has been limited by the availability of a pre-clinical (in vitro) method to predict clinical efficacy adequately. we report a simple and rapid method, designated as rapid agar plate assay (rapa), that uses the bacteriological agar surface as a surrogate substrate for skin and combines elements of two widely used in vivo (clinical) methods (agar patch and cup scrub). to simulate the washing of the human hand or forearm skin with th ... | 2010 | 19818085 |
| ten years after to err is human. | | 2009 | 19826077 |
| antibacterial activity of synthetic fire ant venom: the solenopsins and isosolenopsins. | we determined the in vitro activity of 9 synthetic fire ant venom alkaloids (+/-)-solenopsin a, (2r, 6r)-solenopsin a, (2s, 6s)-solenopsin b, (+/-)-isosolenopsin a, (2s, 6r)-isosolenopsin a,(2r, 6s)-isosolenopsin a, (+/-)-isosolenopsin b, (2s, 6r)-isosolenopsin b, and (2r, 6s)-isosolenopsin b against 6 species of bacteria (streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and pseudomonas aeruginosa). | 2009 | 19826319 |
| successful treatment of candida parapsilosis and pseudomonas aeruginosa infection using medical and surgical management in an injecting drug user with mitral and aortic valve endocarditis: a case report. | polymicrobial endocarditis is a well-recognized problem in intravenous drug users and it accounts for 1 to 3% of endocarditis cases overall and up to 9% in other series. the most common combinations of organisms include staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae followed by staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. candida parapsilosis endocarditis carries a mortality rate of 45%, and each infection with candida or pseudomonas endocarditis per se carries a very high mortality rat ... | 2009 | 19830113 |
| influence of artificial ageing on surface properties and streptococcus mutans adhesion to dental composite materials. | the aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of artificial ageing on the surface properties and early streptococcus mutans adhesion to current dental composites for the direct restoration of class ii defects. three hundred and thirty specimens each were prepared from five dental composites, and were randomly allotted to various artificial ageing protocols (storage in distilled water/ethanol/artificial saliva for 7/90/365 days; thermal cycling, 6,000 cycles 5/55 degrees c). pri ... | 2010 | 19830528 |
| impact of nanoscale roughness of titanium thin film surfaces on bacterial retention. | two human pathogenic bacteria, staphylococcus aureus cip 68.5 and pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 9025, were adsorbed onto surfaces containing ti thin films of varying thickness to determine the extent to which nanoscale surface roughness influences the extent of bacterial attachment. a magnetron sputter thin film system was used to deposit titanium films with thicknesses of 3, 12, and 150 nm on glass substrata with corresponding surface roughness parameters of r(q) 1.6, 1.2, and 0.7 nm (on a 4 micr ... | 2010 | 19842625 |
| dermaseptin da4, although closely related to dermaseptin b2, presents chemotactic and gram-negative selective bactericidal activities. | antimicrobial peptides participate in innate host defense by directly eliminating pathogens as a result of their ability to damage the microbial membrane and by providing danger signals that will recruit innate immune cells to the site of infection. dermaseptin da4 (drs-da4), a new antimicrobial peptide of the dermaseptin superfamily, was identified based on its chemotactic properties, contrasting with the currently used microbicidal properties assessment. the peptide was isolated and purified b ... | 2009 | 19843179 |
| characterization of beta-lactam antibiotic-induced vancomycin-resistant mrsa (bivr) in a patient with septicemia during long-term vancomycin administration. | it was reported that some methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) show resistance to vancomycin (vcm) and beta-lactam antibiotics; thus, they are termed beta-lactam antibiotic-induced vcm-resistant mrsa (bivr). the vcm resistance of mrsa is induced by the administration of beta-lactam antibiotics, but this phenomenon can be difficult to detect in the clinical laboratory. we detected the bivr strain in a 64-year-old man who had had a ventilator tube inserted directly into the windpipe ... | 2009 | 19856063 |
| antimicrobial activity of two propolis samples against human campylobacter jejuni. | the aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial activity of two ethanolic extracts of propolis (eeps) and selected flavonoids against 16 campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates and several gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogens. the antimicrobial activity of eeps and flavonoids was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. the eeps inhibited the growth of c. jejuni, enterobacter faecalis, and staphylococcus aureus. the most active flavonoid was galangin, with the highest percen ... | 2009 | 19857069 |
| an experimental study of opsonic immunity to staphylococcus aureus. | 1. the administration of staphylococcus aureus, killed by heat (vaccine), produces a high degree of opsonic immunity in rabbits. 2. such increase of opsonin affords protection against living virulent staphylococcus in direct proportion to the amount of opsonins present in the serum and complete recovery may follow subsequent inoculation, if the opsonic power be high. 3. frequent administration of vaccines may produce a diminution of the opsonic power of the serum. 4. immune opsonins are most act ... | 1910 | 19867314 |
| the comparative resistance of bacteria and human tissue cells to certain common antiseptics. | the comparative resistance of bacteria and human tissue cells to antiseptics and other chemicals may be easily tested by tissue cultures under conditions which approximate those found in the living body. a comparative study shows that while human cells (connective tissue and wandering cells) are highly resistant to many antiseptics, they are in general more easily killed than bacteria (staphylococcus aureus). of the antiseptics tested, which include mercuric chloride, iodine, potassium mercuric ... | 1916 | 19868066 |
| studies on the pneumococcus : ii. dissolution of pneumococci at varying hydrogen ion concentrations. effect of temperature, previous killing of the organisms, and fresh human serum on the phenomenon. behavior of other organisms. | suspensions of living pneumococci in approximately isotonic standard solutions and in approximately isotonic bouillon with ph varying from about 4.0 to 8.0 after incubation show dissolution of organisms in those solutions having a ph higher than about 5.0. dissolution is most marked at a critical range of about ph 5.0 to 7.0. some dissolution also takes place toward the more alkaline end of the scale. no dissolution occurs at the most acid end of the scale. dissolution in the standard solutions ... | 1922 | 19868639 |
| lodopyridone, a structurally unprecedented alkaloid from a marine actinomycete. | chemical examination of the secondary metabolites of a marine saccharomonospora sp., isolated from marine sediments collected at the mouth of the la jolla submarine canyon, yielded the unprecedented alkaloid lodopyridone (1). the low proton-to-carbon ratio of 1 precluded structure elucidation by nmr spectroscopic methods, thus the structure was defined by x-ray crystallography. lodopyridone is cytotoxic to hct-116 human colon cancer cells with ic(50) = 3.6 microm. | 2009 | 19883103 |
| recent human-to-poultry host jump, adaptation, and pandemic spread of staphylococcus aureus. | the impact of globalization on the emergence and spread of pathogens is an important veterinary and public health issue. staphylococcus aureus is a notorious human pathogen associated with serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections. in addition, s. aureus is a major cause of animal diseases including skeletal infections of poultry, which are a large economic burden on the global broiler chicken industry. here, we provide evidence that the majority of s. aureus isolates from broiler chi ... | 2009 | 19884497 |
| the vitamin b1 metabolism of staphylococcus aureus is controlled at enzymatic and transcriptional levels. | vitamin b1 is in its active form thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp), an essential cofactor for several key enzymes in the carbohydrate metabolism. mammals must salvage this crucial nutrient from their diet in order to complement the deficiency of de novo synthesis. in the human pathogenic bacterium staphylococcus aureus, two operons were identified which are involved in vitamin b1 metabolism. the first operon encodes for the thiaminase type ii (tena), 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine kinase ... | 2009 | 19888457 |
| opposite effects of simvastatin on the bactericidal and inflammatory response of macrophages to opsonized s. aureus. | besides lowering circulating cholesterol, statins act as immunomodulators. although the effects of statins on lymphocyte activation and differentiation have been clearly defined, there is no consensus as to effects of these drugs on phagocytes. we have addressed the outcome of simvastatin treatment on the activation and effector function of human macrophages in the pathophysiologically relevant context of challenge with an opportunistic pathogen. we provide evidence that: simvastatin blocks the ... | 2010 | 19892847 |
| staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 10 (ssl10) binds to human immunoglobulin g (igg) and inhibits complement activation via the classical pathway. | staphylococcal superantigen-like (ssl) proteins are a family of exoproteins that share structural similarity with staphylococcal superantigens but exhibit no superantigenic activity. it was previously reported that two members (ssl5 and ssl7) bound to serum components and cell adhesion molecules involved in host immune response; however, the other family members have not been functionally characterized. in this study, we attempted to isolate ssl10-binding proteins from human serum and found that ... | 2010 | 19913916 |
| structure-microbicidal activity relationship of synthetic fragments derived from the antibacterial alpha-helix of human lactoferrin. | there is a need for new microbicidal agents with therapeutic potential due to antibiotic resistance in bacteria and fungi. in this study, the structure-microbicidal activity relationship of amino acid residues 14 to 31 (sequence 14-31) from the n-terminal end, corresponding to the antibacterial alpha-helix of human lactoferrin (lf), was investigated by downsizing, alanine scanning, and substitution of amino acids. microbicidal analysis (99% killing) was performed by a microplate assay using esch ... | 2010 | 19917761 |
| pneumatocele formation in adult pulmonary tuberculosis during antituberculous chemotherapy: a case report. | pulmonary pneumatoceles are thin-walled, air-filled cysts that develop within the lung. most often, they occur as a sequela to acute pneumonia, commonly caused by staphylococcus aureus, and are found more frequently in infants and young children. adult tuberculous pulmonary pneumatoceles are seldom reported. | 2009 | 19918388 |
| crystallization and initial x-ray diffraction study of the three pasta domains of the ser/thr kinase stk1 from the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus. | pasta subunits (approximately 70 amino acids) are specific to bacterial serine/threonine kinases and to penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) and are involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan. the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus contains a serine/threonine kinase, stk1, which plays a major role in virulence. a recombinant his-tagged portion of the extracellular domain of stk1 containing three pasta subunits has been crystallized using zinc sulfate as a crystallizing agent. the crystals belong ... | 2009 | 19923747 |
| structural characterization of a protein a mimetic peptide dendrimer bound to human igg. | understanding the chemical physical properties of protein binding sites is at the basis of the rational design of protein ligands. the hinge region of the fc fragment of immunoglobulin g is an important and well characterized protein binding site, known to interact with several natural proteins and synthetic ligands. here, we report structural evidence that a staphylococcus aureus protein a mimetic peptide dendrimer, deduced by a combinatorial approach, binds close to the cgamma2/cgamma3 interfa ... | 2009 | 19924842 |
| bovine muc1 inhibits binding of enteric bacteria to caco-2 cells. | inhibition of bacterial adhesion to intestinal epithelial receptors by the consumption of natural food components is an attractive strategy for the prevention of microbial related gastrointestinal illness. we hypothesised that muc1, a highly glycosylated mucin present in cows' milk, may be one such food component. purified bovine muc1 was tested for its ability to inhibit binding of common enteric bacterial pathogens to caco-2 cells grown in vitro. muc1 caused dose-dependent binding inhibition o ... | 2010 | 19936918 |
| production of bioactive human alpha-defensin 5 in pichia pastoris. | human alpha-defensin 5 (hd5), a small cationic peptide, is expressed in paneth cell granules of small intestinal crypts. hd5 exhibits high antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic agents, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. in this study, the constitutive expression of hd5 antimicrobial peptide was achieved using the methylotrophic yeast, pichia pastoris (p. pastoris). hd5 cdna was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using human lung cell cdna as template. the 9 ... | 2009 | 19940385 |
| world vaccine congress lyon - terrapinn's 11th annual congress. | the 11th annual world vaccine congress, held in lyon, included topics covering new therapeutic developments in the field of vaccines. this conference report highlights selected presentations on the role of big pharma in vaccine development, the future direction of vaccine r&d, influenza preparedness in europe, and vaccines for staphylococcus aureus, cmv and cancer. investigational drugs discussed include an h5n1 influenza vaccine program from baxter international inc/dynport vaccine co llc, fp-0 ... | 2009 | 19943212 |
| meticillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus costochondritis in a healthy man. | a 54-year-old previously healthy white man presented to hospital with fever, right parasternal pain and swelling over the right second and third costochondral joints. the symptoms had developed 1 week earlier. | 2009 | 19946297 |
| coagulase positive staphylococcal colonization of humans and their household pets. | staphylococcus aureus colonization was identified in 67/242 (28%) humans, 19/132 (14%) dogs, and 7/161 (4.3%) cats in households in ontario, with methicillin-resistant s. aureus present in 8 (3.3%) humans, 2 (1.5%) dogs, and 0 cats. staphylococcus pseudintermedius was isolated from 8 (4.1%) humans, 61 (46%) dogs, and 11 (6.8%) cats, with methicillin-resistant s. pseudintermedius detected in 1 (0.4%) human, 6 (4.5%) dogs, and 2 (1.2%) cats. staphylococcus schleiferi subspecies coagulans was isola ... | 2009 | 19949556 |
| [the effect of recombinant panton-valentine leukocidin on the production of cytokines by human alveolar macrophages]. | to investigate the effect of recombinant panton-valentine leukocidin (rpvl) on the regulation of human alveolar macrophage cd14 and il-10 and tnf-alpha. | 2009 | 19954003 |
| a novel human skin chamber model to study wound infection ex vivo. | wound infections with multi-drug resistant bacteria increase morbidity and mortality and have considerable socioeconomic impact. they can lead to impaired wound healing, resulting in rising treatment costs. the aim of this study was to investigate an ex vivo human wound infection model. human full-thickness skin from the operating room (or) was placed into the bo-drum and cultivated for 7 days in an air-liquid interphase. on day 8, the skin was inoculated with either (1) pseudomonas aeruginosa, ... | 2010 | 19956960 |
| recombination between ccrc genes in a type v (5c2&5) staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec) of staphylococcus aureus st398 leads to conversion from methicillin resistance to methicillin susceptibility in vivo. | various types of the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec) are known to confer methicillin resistance on the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus. such cassettes are not always stably maintained. the present studies were aimed at identifying the mechanism underlying the in vivo conversion of methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) to methicillin-susceptible s. aureus (mssa) derivatives as encountered in two patients suffering from pneumonia and an umbilicus infection, respectively. all ... | 2010 | 19995931 |
| single-nucleotide polymorphism in the sccmec-orfx junction distinguishes between livestock-associated mrsa cc398 and human epidemic mrsa strains. | a number of real-time pcr assays for direct detection of methicillinresistant (mrsa) in clinical specimens are targeting staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec) right extremity sequences and the s. aureus chromosomal orfx gene sequences located to the right of the sccmec integration site. when testing 184 mrsa strains of human and animal origin from geographically distinct locations, we identified several characteristic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) within the sccmec-orfx juncti ... | 2009 | 20003904 |
| controlling the release of peptide antimicrobial agents from surfaces. | medical conditions are often exacerbated by the onset of infection caused by hospital dwelling bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus. antibiotics taken orally or intravenously can require large and frequent doses, further contributing to the sharp rise in resistant bacteria observed over the past several decades. these existing antibiotics are also often ineffective in preventing biofilm formation, a common cause of medical device failure. local delivery of new therapeutic agents that do not al ... | 2010 | 20004967 |
| a proteomic view of cell physiology and virulence of staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen that has advanced to a main problem in hospital settings since effective treatment options for infections caused by this pathogen are limited. thus, new strategies to prevent and treat s. aureus infections and rapid diagnostic tools are urgently needed. the course of an s. aureus infection largely depends on successful adaptation to the host environment and a very complex and poorly understood interplay of bacterial virulence factors with each other and ... | 2010 | 20005169 |
| bactericidal activity of daptomycin versus vancomycin in the presence of human albumin against vancomycin-susceptible but tolerant methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) with daptomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1-2microg/ml. | this study explored the influence of vancomycin tolerance and protein binding on the bactericidal activity of vancomycin versus daptomycin (protein binding 36.9% vs. 91.7%, respectively) against four vancomycin-tolerant methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) [minimum inhibitory concentration/minimum bactericidal concentration (mic/mbc)=0.5/16, 1/32, 2/32 and 1/32microg/ml for vancomycin and 1/1, 1/2, 2/2 and 2/4microg/ml for daptomycin]. killing curves were performed with vancomycin/ ... | 2010 | 20006469 |
| the p2x7-nonmuscle myosin membrane complex regulates phagocytosis of nonopsonized particles and bacteria by a pathway attenuated by extracellular atp. | phagocytosis of nonopsonized bacteria is central to innate immunity, but its regulation is less defined. we show that overexpression of the p2x(7) receptor greatly augments the phagocytosis of nonopsonized beads and heat-killed bacteria by transfected hek-293 cells, whereas blocking p2x(7) expression by sirna significantly reduces the phagocytic ability of human monocytic cells. an intact p2x(7)-nonmuscle myosin complex is required for phagocytosis of nonopsonized beads because activation of p2x ... | 2010 | 20007545 |
| molecular characterization of the interaction of staphylococcal microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (mscramm) clfa and fbl with fibrinogen. | the ligand-binding domain of fbl (the fibrinogen binding protein from staphylococcus lugdunensis) shares 60% sequence identity with clfa (clumping factor a) of staphylococcus aureus. recombinant fbl corresponding to the minimum fibrinogen-binding region (subdomains n2n3) was compared with clfa for binding to fibrinogen. fbl and clfa had very similar affinities for fibrinogen by surface plasmon resonance. the binding site for fbl in fibrinogen was localized to the extreme c terminus of the fibrin ... | 2010 | 20007717 |
| staphylococcus aureus as an infectious agent: overview of biochemistry and molecular genetics of its pathogenicity. | although it is estimated that 20-30% of the general human population are carriers of staphylococcus aureus, this bacterium is one of the most important etiological agents responsible for healthcare-associated infections. the appearance of methicillin resistant s. aureus (mrsa) strains has created serious therapeutical problems. detailed understanding of the mechanisms of s. aureus infections seems necessary to develop new effective therapies against this pathogen. in this article, we present an ... | 2009 | 20011685 |
| llama heavy-chain antibody fragments efficiently remove toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 from plasma in vitro but not in experimental porcine septic shock. | staphylococcus aureus produces the superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tsst-1). when the bacterium invades the human circulation, this toxin can induce life-threatening gram-positive sepsis. current sepsis treatment does not remove bacterial toxins. variable domains of llama heavy-chain antibodies (vhh) against toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 ([alpha]-tsst-1 vhh) were previously found to be effective in vitro. we hypothesized that removing tsst-1 with [alpha]-tsst-1 vhh hemofiltration filter ... | 2010 | 20016410 |
| antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in animals and man: prescribing, practices and policies. | this meeting focused on infections in humans and animals due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing bacteria and clostridium difficile, and their corresponding treatments. mrsa is predominantly a human pathogen, and molecular typing has revealed that certain clones have spread widely both between humans and from humans to animals. esbl-producing bacteria, particularly those that express the ctx-m beta-lactamases, have been dissemi ... | 2010 | 20045808 |
| streptococcus pneumoniae coinfection is correlated with the severity of h1n1 pandemic influenza. | initial reports in may 2009 of the novel influenza strain h1n1pdm estimated a case fatality rate (cfr) of 0.6%, similar to that of seasonal influenza. in july 2009, however, argentina reported 3056 cases with 137 deaths, representing a cfr of 4.5%. potential explanations for increased cfr included virus reassortment or genetic drift, or infection of a more vulnerable population. virus genomic sequencing of 26 argentinian samples representing both severe and mild disease indicated no evidence of ... | 2009 | 20046873 |
| update: a 39-year-old man with a skin infection. | | 2010 | 20051570 |
| complement inhibition by gram-positive pathogens: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. | the plasma proteins of the complement system are essential in the innate immune response against bacteria. complement labels bacteria with opsonins to support phagocytosis and generates chemoattractants to attract phagocytes to the site of infection. in turn, bacterial human pathogens have evolved different strategies to specifically impair the complement response. here, we review the large arsenal of complement inhibitors produced by the gram-positive pathogens staphylococcus aureus and group a ... | 2010 | 20062962 |
| natural variability of in vitro adherence to fibrinogen and fibronectin does not correlate with in vivo infectivity of staphylococcus aureus. | adherence to fibrinogen and fibronectin plays a crucial role in staphylococcus aureus experimental endocarditis. previous genetic studies have shown that infection and carriage isolates do not systematically differ in their virulence-related genes, including genes conferring adherence, such as clfa and fnba. we set out to determine the range of adherence phenotypes in carriage isolates of s. aureus, to compare the adherence of these isolates to the adherence of infection isolates, and to determi ... | 2010 | 20065030 |
| long acting beta2-agonist and corticosteroid restore airway glandular cell function altered by bacterial supernatant. | staphylococcus aureus releases virulence factors (vf) that may impair the innate protective functions of airway cells. the aim of this study was to determine whether a long-acting beta2 adrenergic receptor agonist (salmeterol hydroxynaphthoate, sal) combined with a corticosteroid (fluticasone propionate, fp) was able to regulate ion content and cytokine expression by airway glandular cells after exposure to s. aureus supernatant. | 2010 | 20089165 |
| community-acquired pneumonia due to pandemic a(h1n1)2009 influenzavirus and methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus co-infection. | bacterial pneumonia is a well described complication of influenza. in recent years, community-onset methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (cmrsa) infection has emerged as a contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with influenza. since the emergence and rapid dissemination of pandemic a(h1n1)2009 influenzavirus in april 2009, initial descriptions of the clinical features of patients hospitalized with pneumonia have contained few details of patients with bacterial co-infection. | 2010 | 20090931 |
| di-k19hc, an antimicrobial peptide as new ototopical agent for treatment of otitis media. | di-k19hc is a promising new ototopical antibiotic for treatment of middle ear infections associated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. | 2010 | 20100130 |
| biochemical, functional and structural characterization of akbu-laao: a novel snake venom l-amino acid oxidase from agkistrodon blomhoffii ussurensis. | an l-amino acid oxidase (akbu-laao) was isolated from the venom of agkistrodon blomhoffii ussurensis snake using deae sephadex a-50 ion-exchange, sephadex g-75 gel filtration, and high performance liquid chromatographies. the homogeneity and molecular mass of akbu-laao were analyzed by sds-page and maldi-tof spectrometry. the sequences of ten peptides from akbu-laao were established by hplc-nesi-ms/ms analysis. protein sequence alignment indicated that i) that akbu-laao is a new snake venom laao ... | 2010 | 20100538 |
| clumping factor a interaction with complement factor i increases c3b cleavage on the bacterial surface of staphylococcus aureus and decreases complement-mediated phagocytosis. | the human complement system is important in the immunological control of staphylococcus aureus infection. we showed previously that s. aureus surface protein clumping factor a (clfa), when expressed in recombinant form, bound complement control protein factor i and increased factor i cleavage of c3b to ic3b. in the present study, we show that, compared to the results for the wild type, when isogenic clfa-deficient s. aureus mutants were incubated in serum, they bound less factor i, generated les ... | 2010 | 20100856 |
| activity of linezolid in an in vitro pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model using different dosages and staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecalis strains with and without a hypermutator phenotype. | the influence of antibiotic dosages and bacterial mutator phenotypes on the emergence of linezolid-resistant mutants was evaluated in an in vitro pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. a twice-daily 0.5-h infusion of a 200-, 600-, or 800-mg dose for 48 h was simulated against four strains (mic, 2 microg/ml): staphylococcus aureus rn4220 and its mutator derivative muts2, enterococcus faecalis atcc 29212, and a mutator clinical strain of e. faecalis, ef1497. the peak concentrations (4.38 to 4.79, ... | 2010 | 20100878 |
| late bacterial endocarditis of an amplatzer atrial septal defect occluder device. | a 66-year-old man with a large secundum atrial septal defect (asd) that had been repaired percutaneously 30 months previously with an amplatzer asd occluder (aso) presented with fevers and staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. transesophageal echocardiography revealed a 1.5 x 1.5 cm mobile mass on the left atrial side of his aso consistent with a vegetation. when the aso was explanted, the left atrial side of the device was poorly endothelialized. in conclusion, the present report is the first descr ... | 2010 | 20102932 |
| synthetic cationic peptide idr-1002 provides protection against bacterial infections through chemokine induction and enhanced leukocyte recruitment. | with the rapid rise in the incidence of multidrug resistant infections, there is substantial interest in host defense peptides as templates for production of new antimicrobial therapeutics. natural peptides are multifunctional mediators of the innate immune response, with some direct antimicrobial activity and diverse immunomodulatory properties. we have previously developed an innate defense regulator (idr) 1, with protective activity against bacterial infection mediated entirely through its ef ... | 2010 | 20107187 |
| enhanced expression and secretion of antimicrobial peptides in atopic dermatitis and after superficial skin injury. | human skin can defend itself against potentially invading microorganisms by production of antimicrobial peptides (amps). the expression of amps in atopic dermatitis (ad) is still emerging. to gain more insight into the role of amps in ad, we systematically analyzed the expression of ribonuclease 7 (rnase 7), psoriasin, and human beta-defensins (hbd)-2 and -3 in ad compared with psoriatic and healthy control skin as well as after experimental barrier disruption. immunostaining revealed enhanced e ... | 2010 | 20107483 |
| antibacterial activity of artemisia nilagirica leaf extracts against clinical and phytopathogenic bacteria. | the six organic solvent extracts of artemisia nilagirica were screened for the potential antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens and clinically important standard reference bacterial strains. | 2010 | 20109237 |
| antibacterial activity of lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus casei against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is a multidrug-resistant microorganism and the principal nosocomial pathogen worldwide. the antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria against mrsa from ten human clinical isolates as well as mrsa standard strain atcc 43300 was tested in vitro. the lactobacillus (lb.) strains (lb. acidophilus cl1285(®) and lb. casei lbc80r) as pure cultures, which came from commercial food products were employed. the growth inhibitory effect produced by the ... | 2010 | 20116228 |
| phosphoinositide 3-kinase/akt and nuclear factor-kappab are involved in staphylococcus aureus-induced apoptosis in u937 cells. | to explore the mechanisms involved in staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) invading human monocytic u937 cells. | 2009 | 20120770 |
| pig-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus: family transmission and severe pneumonia in a newborn. | carriage of pig-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is known to occur in pig farmers. zoonotic lineages of mrsa have been considered of low virulence and with limited capacity for inter-human spread. we present a case of family transmission of pig-associated mrsa st398, which resulted in a severe infection in a newborn. | 2010 | 20121648 |
| cutting edge: bacterial infection induces hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell expansion in the absence of tlr signaling. | bone marrow (bm) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (hspcs) can be activated by type i ifns, tlr agonists, viruses, and bacteria to increase hematopoiesis. in this study, we report that endotoxin treatment in vivo induces tlr4, myd88, and toll/il-1 resistance domain-containing adaptor-inducing ifn-beta (trif)-dependent expansion of bm hspcs. bacterial infection by staphylococcus aureus or cecal ligation and puncture also induces hspc expansion, but myd88, trif, type i ifn, cytokine, pg, or ... | 2010 | 20130216 |
| severe rotational deformity, quadriparesis and respiratory embarrassment due to osteomyelitis at the occipito-atlantoaxial junction. | we present the case of an 83-year-old man who developed quadriparesis and respiratory embarrassment following osteomyelitis at the occipito-atlantoaxial junction. he had developed an abscess at this site after an earlier urinary infection with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. stabilisation of the neck and antibiotic therapy led to an almost complete neurological recovery without recourse to anterior surgery. | 2010 | 20130325 |
| clearance of experimental cutaneous staphylococcus aureus infections in mice. | staphylococcal skin infections are quite common in human patients. these infections often clear spontaneously, but may also progress locally and/or disseminate to cause serious and sometimes fatal deep infections. the present studies were undertaken to examine the clearance phase of experimental cutaneous staphylococcus aureus infections in a mouse model system. previous work in this system has shown that staphylococci applied to the skin rapidly disseminate to the spleen and kidney. in the pres ... | 2010 | 20130894 |
| characterization of the in vitro activity of novel lipoglycopeptide antibiotics. | the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance in human pathogens is of significant concern. resistance to the widely-used and highly effective glycopeptide antibacterial agent vancomycin, which has been in clinical use for over half a century, has emerged in staphylococci and enterococci. this has spurred the development of newer glycopeptide agents, some of which show activity against vancomycin-resistant organisms. the newer agents currently being developed contain lipophilic side-chains, ... | 2010 | 20131224 |
| bioactive bromophycolides r-u from the fijian red alga callophycus serratus. | four new bromophycolides, r-u (1-4), were isolated from the fijian red alga callophycus serratus and were identified by 1d and 2d nmr and mass spectroscopic analyses. these compounds expand the known structural variety of diterpene-benzoate macrolides and exhibited modest cytotoxicity toward selected human cancer cell lines. bromophycolide s (2) also showed submicromolar activity against the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum. | 2010 | 20141173 |
| antibacterial activity of carvacrol and 2-nitro-1-propanol against single and mixed populations of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in corn flour dough. | cereal doughs are an important part of human diet, but at the same time can act as vehicles for the transmission of human pathogenic bacteria. in the present study, four pathogenic or toxinogenic bacteria (escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis, bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus) were inoculated in a dough made from corn flour in combination with the single antimicrobial compounds carvacrol and 2-nitro-1-propanol (2npoh). survival of single and mixed population ... | 2010 | 20141946 |
| emergence of mrsa clone st22 in healthy young adults in the community in the absence of risk factors. | one thousand adults aged between 18 and 35 years were investigated for nasal colonization with community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (ca-mrsa). each volunteer completed a questionnaire to assess the presence or absence of risk factors for hospital-acquired mrsa (ha-mrsa) carriage. all mrsa isolated were characterized by microbiological and molecular methods. a s. aureus carriage rate of 22% and a mrsa carriage rate of 0.7% were observed. analysis of the questionnaires re ... | 2010 | 20144250 |
| formyl peptide receptor-mediated proinflammatory consequences of peptide deformylase inhibition in staphylococcus aureus. | the biosynthesis of proteins with n-terminal formylated methionine residues and subsequent protein deformylation are unique and invariant bacterial processes. they are exploited by the capacity of the human innate immune system to sense formylated peptides (fps) and targeted by the deformylation-blocking antibiotic actinonin. we show that human polymorphonuclear leukocytes respond via the formyl peptide receptor (fpr) with increased calcium ion fluxes, chemotactic migration, il-8 release, and cd ... | 2010 | 20156579 |
| cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator channel dysfunction in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. | although in patients with diffuse bronchiectasis (db) and a normal sweat test the presence of one mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) gene is frequently observed, its pathogenic role in the development of db remains unclear. | 2010 | 20167849 |
| cooperation of tlr2 with myd88, pi3k, and rac1 in lipoteichoic acid-induced cpla2/cox-2-dependent airway inflammatory responses. | lipoteichoic acid (lta) plays a role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses induced by gram-positive bacterial infection. cytosolic phospholipase a(2) (cpla(2)), cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2), prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)), and interleukin (il)-6 have been demonstrated to engage in airway inflammation. in this study, lta-induced cpla(2) and cox-2 expression and pge(2) or il-6 synthesis were attenuated by transfection with sirnas of tlr2, myd88, akt, p42, p38, jnk2, and p65 or pretreatment ... | 2010 | 20167866 |
| relative contribution of panton-valentine leukocidin to pmn plasma membrane permeability and lysis caused by usa300 and usa400 culture supernatants. | panton-valentine leukocidin (pvl) is a cytolytic toxin associated with severe community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (ca-mrsa) infections. however, the relative contribution of pvl to host cell lysis during ca-mrsa infection remains unknown. here we investigated the relative contribution of pvl to human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) plasma membrane permeability and lysis in vitro by using culture supernatants from wild-type and isogenic luks/f-pv negative (deltapvl) ... | 2010 | 20172045 |
| comparison of fluoroquinolone kinetics of kill in susceptible and resistant gram-positive conjunctival pathogens. | the purpose of this study was to compare moxifloxacin's rate of kill of susceptible and resistant gram-positive organisms with that of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, using concentrations found in human conjunctiva after instillation of one drop. | 2010 | 20174904 |
| a poke into the diversity and associations within human anterior nare microbial communities. | the anterior nares are the major reservoir for staphylococcus aureus in humans, where nasal carriage has a crucial function as a source for invasive infections. despite various investigations on aerobic community members based on traditional cultivation methods, little is known on the overall microbial composition and complex in situ interactions, but such knowledge is highly warranted for effective s. aureus control strategies. as assessed using advanced culture-independent approaches, this stu ... | 2010 | 20182526 |
| molecular characterization of staphylococcus aureus in lebanon. | staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen and is a growing public health concern. in this study, 130 s. aureus, 93 methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) and 37 methicillin-sensitive s. aureus (mssa), clinical isolates recovered from lebanon were typed by protein a gene (spa) sequencing and multi-locus sequence typing (mlst). forty-eight different spa types were identified and clustered into 30 different groups. mlst revealed 10 sequence types (sts) among the isolates. there were eigh ... | 2010 | 20202283 |
| a rapid high-performance liquid chromatography method to measure linezolid and daptomycin concentrations in human plasma. | daptomycin and linezolid, recently introduced to treat severe gram-positive infections, are effective against multidrug-resistant gram-positive microorganisms such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci bacteria that are less sensitive or frankly resistant, including methicillin-resistant s. aureus. however, alteration of their plasma profile has been described in some patients and this may be associa ... | 2010 | 20216115 |
| improved accuracy of cell surface shaving proteomics in staphylococcus aureus using a false-positive control. | proteolytic treatment of intact bacterial cells is an ideal means for identifying surface-exposed peptide epitopes and has potential for the discovery of novel vaccine targets. cell stability during such treatment, however, may become compromised and result in the release of intracellular proteins that complicate the final analysis. staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen, causing community and hospital-acquired infections, and is a serious healthcare concern due to the increasing preval ... | 2010 | 20217865 |
| biofilm formation on bone grafts and bone graft substitutes: comparison of different materials by a standard in vitro test and microcalorimetry. | we analyzed the initial adhesion and biofilm formation of staphylococcus aureus (atcc 29213) and s. epidermidis rp62a (atcc 35984) on various bone grafts and bone graft substitutes under standardized in vitro conditions. in parallel, microcalorimetry was evaluated as a real-time microbiological assay in the investigation of biofilm formation and material science research. the materials beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-tcp), processed human spongiosa (tutoplast) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (pmma ... | 2010 | 20226886 |
| polymorphonuclear leukocytes mediate staphylococcus aureus panton-valentine leukocidin-induced lung inflammation and injury. | community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (ca-mrsa) is epidemic in the united states, even rivaling hiv/aids in its public health impact. the pandemic clone usa300, like other ca-mrsa strains, expresses panton-valentine leukocidin (pvl), a pore-forming toxin that targets polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns). pvl is thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of necrotizing pneumonia, but data from rodent infection models are inconclusive. rodent pmns are less susceptible ... | 2010 | 20231457 |
| loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the diagnosis of retinitis caused by herpes simplex virus-1. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed for the detection of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1). the specificity of the assay was tested using dna extracted from hsv-1-infected rabbit corneal epithelium cultures, hsv-2 grown on vero cell line, cytomegalovirus (cmv) (ad-169), varicella zoster virus (vzv) (oka-vaccine), adenovirus, aspergillus flavus and staphylococcus aureus. the specificity of lamp was confirmed by bidirectional sequencing of the amplicons. the sensitivit ... | 2011 | 20298270 |
| convertase inhibitory properties of staphylococcal extracellular complement-binding protein. | the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus secretes several complement evasion molecules to combat the human immune response. extracellular complement-binding protein (ecb) binds to the c3d domain of c3 and thereby blocks c3 convertases of the alternative pathway and c5 convertases via all complement pathways. inhibition of c5 convertases results in complete inhibition of c5a generation and subsequent neutrophil migration. here, we show that binding of ecb to the c3d domain of c3b is crucial for i ... | 2010 | 20304920 |
| temporal expression of adhesion factors and activity of global regulators during establishment of staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization. | the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus successfully colonizes its primary reservoir, the nasal cavity, most likely by regulatory adaptation to the nose environment. cotton rats represent an excellent model for the study of bacterial gene expression in the initial phases of colonization. to gain insight into the expression profile necessary for the establishment of colonization, we performed direct transcript analysis by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction on ... | 2010 | 20307206 |
| atomic layer deposition-based functionalization of materials for medical and environmental health applications. | nanoporous alumina membranes exhibit high pore densities, well-controlled and uniform pore sizes, as well as straight pores. owing to these unusual properties, nanoporous alumina membranes are currently being considered for use in implantable sensor membranes and water purification membranes. atomic layer deposition is a thin-film growth process that may be used to modify the pore size in a nanoporous alumina membrane while retaining a narrow pore distribution. in addition, films deposited by me ... | 2010 | 20308114 |
| necrotising pneumonia due to influenza a (h1n1) and community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus clone usa300: successful management of the first documented paediatric case. | necrotising pneumonia in young, previously healthy patients due to panton-valentine leucocidin (pvl) producing staphylococcus aureus has been increasingly recognised. pvl pneumonia is often associated with influenza co-infection and high mortality. this case report describes the successful management of the first documented paediatric case of a previous healthy adolescent who developed necrotising pneumonia due to community-acquired methicillin-resistant (ca-mrsa) clone usa300 with pandemic infl ... | 2010 | 20335240 |
| mrsa screening may benefit h1n1 patients. | | 2010 | 20337177 |
| infected abdominal aortic aneurysm due to morganella morganii: ct findings. | an infected aortic aneurysm, or mycotic aneurysm, is a rare arterial dilatation due to destruction of the infected vessel wall. common pathogens resulting in an infected aortic aneurysm are salmonella and clostridium species, as well as staphylococcus aureus; morganella morganii, on the other hand, is very rare. an infected abdominal aortic aneurysm has tendencies to grow rapidly and to rupture. the mortality rate is high in patients undergoing emergent surgical intervention. we report the case ... | 2011 | 20352211 |
| staphylococcal superantigen super-domains in immune evasion. | staphylococcus aureus is a robust pathogen that is capable of growing in virtually any part of the human body, and can also survive and grow in many other species. s. aureus remains the most frequent cause of hospital-acquired infection and, with the emergence and spread of drug-resistant, hypervirulent, community-acquired strains, the specter looms of the ultimate superbug. s. aureus produces an array of immune evasion factors that target various components of host immune defense. among them ar ... | 2010 | 20370627 |
| immune evasion cluster-positive bacteriophages are highly prevalent among human staphylococcus aureus strains, but they are not essential in the first stages of nasal colonization. | the staphylococcus aureus immune evasion cluster (iec), located on β-haemolysin-converting bacteriophages (βc-φs), encodes the immune-modulating proteins chemotaxis inhibitory protein, staphylococcal complement inhibitor (scin), staphylococcal enterotoxin a and staphylokinase. its precise role in s. aureus colonization is unclear. we studied the presence of the iec-carrying bacteriophages in human and animal s. aureus isolates, using pcr for the gene encoding scin (scn). human isolates were obta ... | 2011 | 20370801 |
| toll-like receptor responses in irak-4-deficient neutrophils. | human neutrophils were found to express all known toll-like receptors (tlrs) except tlr3 and tlr7. irak-4-deficient neutrophils were tested for their responsiveness to various tlr ligands. essentially all tlr responses in neutrophils, including the induction of reactive oxygen species generation, adhesion, chemotaxis and il-8 secretion, were found to be dependent on irak-4. surprisingly, the reactivity towards certain established tlr ligands, imiquimod and odn-cpg, was unaffected by irak-4 defic ... | 2010 | 20375545 |
| precursor processing of human defensin-5 is essential to the multiple functions in vitro and in vivo. | human defensin-5 (hd-5) is one of the major antimicrobial peptides secreted by paneth cells in the human small intestine. hd-5 is produced and stored as a propeptide in paneth cell granules, secreted in response to stimulation by cholinergic reagents or bacterial antigens. the activation process by trypsin occurs in the intestinal lumen to produce mature hd-5. this study evaluated the difference between prohd-5 and mature hd-5 in bactericidal activity and induction of chemokine secretion in vitr ... | 2009 | 20375624 |
| maldi-tof mass spectrometry speciation of staphylococci and their discrimination from micrococci isolated from indoor air of schoolrooms. | the focus of our work is the identification of medically relevant staphylococci from the environment; these organisms are among the major opportunistic pathogens associated with human disease. andersen sampling was performed in schoolrooms during the school year. eleven of thirty six isolates (all gram-positive tetrads) were identified as staphylococci and 23 were characterized as micrococci. maldi-tof ms profiling was used as the first stage in the classification followed by standard biochemica ... | 2010 | 20383373 |
| antimicrobial activity of a halocidin-derived peptide resistant to attacks by proteases. | cationic antimicrobial peptides (amps) have attracted a great deal of interest as a promising candidate for a novel class of antibiotics that might effectively treat recalcitrant infections caused by a variety of microbes that are resistant to currently available drugs. however, the amps are inherently limited in that they are inevitably susceptible to attacks by proteases generated by human and pathogenic microbes; this vulnerability severely hinders their pharmaceutical use in human therapeuti ... | 2010 | 20385874 |
| enhancement of antibacterial effects of extracts from cirsium species using sodium picolinate and estimation of their toxicity. | in this study, antimicrobial properties and toxicity of extracts from cirsium spp.: cirsium arvense, c. oleraceum, c. palustre, c. rivulare and c. vulgare in combination with sodium picolinate (ps) or sodium benzoate (bs), were investigated. three micro-organisms were used: staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis and pseudomonas aeruginosa. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of extracts was found at 1.56-50.0 mg ml(-1). unlike the case of bs, adding ps to extracts from flowers of c. palustr ... | 2010 | 20397105 |
| in this issue. | prohibition that works: prohibitin 1: prohibitin 1 (phb1) was cloned in 1991 based on its ability to suppress the regrowth of liver tissue. that task was not trivial - phb1 turned out to be a buddy of just about anyone of any importance. it is highly conserved, ubiquitous among eukaryotes, and exerts a controlling interest in apoptosis, cell cycle, differentiation, and senescence. it, in turn, is controlled by a variety of post-translational modifications. did i say it is a tumor suppressor, too ... | 2010 | 20397235 |
| inhibition of biological activity of staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) by apple juice and apple polyphenols. | the foodborne pathogen staphylococcus aureus produces the virulent staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea), a single-chain protein that consists of 233 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 27 078 da. sea is a superantigen that is reported to contribute to animal (mastitis) and human (emesis, diarrhea, atopic dermatitis, arthritis, and toxic shock) syndromes. changes of the native structural integrity may inactivate the toxin by preventing molecular interaction with cell membrane receptor si ... | 2010 | 20402509 |
| quantitative analysis and molecular fingerprinting of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in different patient populations: a prospective, multicenter study. | to better understand the prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) colonization or infection in different patient populations, to perform quantitative analysis of mrsa in nasal cultures, and to characterize strains using molecular fingerprinting. | 2010 | 20402589 |
| isolation, phylogenetic analysis and anti-infective activity screening of marine sponge-associated actinomycetes. | terrestrial actinomycetes are noteworthy producers of a multitude of antibiotics, however the marine representatives are much less studied in this regard. in this study, 90 actinomycetes were isolated from 11 different species of marine sponges that had been collected from offshore ras mohamed (egypt) and from rovinj (croatia). phylogenetic characterization of the isolates based on 16s rrna gene sequencing supported their assignment to 18 different actinomycete genera representing seven differen ... | 2010 | 20411105 |