| current situation, genetic relationship and control measures of infectious bronchitis virus variants circulating in african regions. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a major viral pathogen of commercial poultry, affecting chickens of all ages and causing major economic losses in poultry industry worldwide. frequent points of mutations and recombination events in the s1 gene region, result in the emergence of new ibvs variants circulating in the form of several serotypes/genotypes that can be partially or poorly neutralized by current vaccines. ibv is well studied worldwide, nevertheless in african countries epidemiologica ... | 2016 | 32288944 |
| rapid detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus by reverse transcriptase-loop mediated isothermal amplification. | a reverse-transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) was developed for rapid diagnosis of infectious bronchitis (ib) in poultry by targeting the spike protein 2 gene (s2). rt-lamp primers were designed for ibv-s2 targets and optimized to run at 60 °c for 45 min. as compared with rt-pcr, rt-lamp was 100 times more sensitive for ibv-s2 gene. rt-lamp showed specific amplification with ib viral genome but not with other avian respiratory pathogens due to their mismatching with ib ... | 2015 | 32226206 |
| evaluation of protection conferred by a vaccination program based on the h120 and cr88 commercial vaccines against a field variant of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | due to serotype variations among different avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in tunisia since 2000, protection of chicks, especially broiler flocks, with mass h120 vaccine often fails. therefore, association of cr88 (793b type) with h120 vaccines was used for better response. challenge experiments were then conducted to evaluate tracheal and renal cross-protection in chickens immunized via nasal and eye drops. conferred protection was measured by clinical signs and macroscopic lesions ... | 2014 | 32288459 |
| detection of 793/b serotype of infectious bronchitis virus in tissue sample by indirect immunoperoxidase assay. | the indirect immunoperoxidase (iip) assay was compared with the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for detection of 793/b serotype of infectious bronchitis virus in tissues samples collected from experimentally infected chickens. this technique was optimized in specific pathogen-free (spf)-embryonated chicken eggs and broiler chickens inoculated with the iranian ir/773/2001 strain of 793/b serotype the trachea, lung, kidney, and cecal tonsil tissue samples from experimental ... | 2014 | 32214974 |
| molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from broiler and layer chicken farms in egypt during 2012. | one of the major problems of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the frequent emergence of new variants. in the present study 205 tracheal swabs and organs were collected from broilers and layers chicken farms during january to august 2012 from 19 governorates all over egypt. the chickens demonstrated respiratory signs and mortality. out of the examined samples, 130 of which (about 64%) of suspected farms were positive for ibv with real time rt-pcr. 13 ibv-positive samples were selected f ... | 2013 | 32289036 |
| efficacy of intranasal and spray delivery of adjuvanted live vaccine against infectious bronchitis virus in experimentally infected poultry. | live vaccines are widely used in the avian industry. such vaccines can be either injected or delivered on animal mucosa and are usually not adjuvanted. in this study we show that live vaccines efficacy can be improved by formulation with adjuvants in a model of mucosal delivery of live infectious bronchitis vaccine in chicken. three adjuvant technologies have been tested using intranasal and spray delivery methods to poultry. those technologies are water in oil in water emulsion, nanoparticles a ... | 2012 | 32288918 |
| genome sequencing and characterization analysis of a beijing isolate of chicken coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (aibv) is classified as a member of the genus coronavirus in the family coronaviridae. the enveloped virus has a positive-sense, single-stranded rna genome of approximately 28 kilo-bases, which has a 5' cap structure and 3' polyadenylation tract. the complete genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), beijing isolate, was determined by cloning sequencing and primer walking. the whole genome is 27733 nucleotides in length, has ten open reading frames: ... | 2004 | 32214717 |
| health status of free-ranging ring-necked pheasant chicks (phasianus colchicus) in north-western germany. | being a typical ground-breeding bird of the agricultural landscape in germany, the pheasant has experienced a strong and persistent population decline with a hitherto unexplained cause. contributing factors to the ongoing negative trend, such as the effects of pesticides, diseases, predation, increase in traffic and reduced fallow periods, are currently being controversially discussed. in the present study, 62 free-ranging pheasant chicks were caught within a two-year period in three federal sta ... | 2020 | 32544211 |
| molecular identification of avian viruses in neotropic cormorants ( phalacrocorax brasilianus) in chile. | we identified two rna (paramyxovirus and coronavirus) and two dna (adenovirus and herpesvirus) viruses in a common aquatic bird, the neotropic cormorant ( phalacrocorax brasilianus), and determined their phylogenetic relationships to other global circulating variants. we analyzed 104 cloacal swabs from individuals collected at locations in central chile. sequences were obtained from amplicons using consensus primers targeting conserved genes of the virus families paramyxoviridae, coronaviridae, ... | 2019 | 30216128 |
| molecular and pathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus (gammacoronavirus) in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection is highly infectious respiratory disease in poultry industry with significant economic importance. the prevalence of ibv in quail industry in malaysia was not well documented; therefore, its actual role in the epidemiology of the disease is relatively unknown. this study was to determine the susceptibility of japanese quail, as one of the species in commercial poultry industry, toward ibv. in addition, it will also give a potential impact on the overal ... | 2020 | 32475428 |
| the c-terminal domain of the mers coronavirus m protein contains a trans-golgi network localization signal. | coronavirus m proteins represent the major protein component of the viral envelope. they play an essential role during viral assembly by interacting with all of the other structural proteins. coronaviruses bud into the endoplasmic reticulum (er)-golgi intermediate compartment (ergic), but the mechanisms by which m proteins are transported from their site of synthesis, the er, to the budding site remain poorly understood. here, we investigated the intracellular trafficking of the middle east resp ... | 2019 | 31399512 |
| the porcine deltacoronavirus replication organelle comprises double-membrane vesicles and zippered endoplasmic reticulum with double-membrane spherules. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was first identified in hong kong in 2012 from samples taken from pigs in 2009. pdcov was subsequently identified in the usa in 2014 in pigs with a history of severe diarrhea. the virus has now been detected in pigs in several countries around the world. following the development of tissue culture adapted strains of pdcov, it is now possible to address questions regarding virus-host cell interactions for this genera of coronavirus. here, we presented a detailed s ... | 2019 | 31694296 |
| decontamination of face masks with steam for mask reuse in fighting the pandemic covid-19: experimental supports. | the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus sars-cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has claimed many lives worldwide. wearing medical masks (mms) or n95 masks ([n95ms] namely n95 respirators) can slow the virus spread and reduce the infection risk. reuse of these masks can minimize waste, protect the environment, and help solve the current imminent shortage of masks. disinfection of used masks is needed for their reuse with safety, but improper deco ... | 2020 | 32320083 |
| a label-free electrochemical assay for coronavirus ibv h120 strain quantification based on equivalent substitution effect and aunps-assisted signal amplification. | a label-free electrochemical strategy is proposed combining equivalent substitution effect with aunps-assisted signal amplification. according to the differences of s1 protein in various infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains, a target dna sequence that can specifically recognize h120 rna forming a dna-rna hybridized double-strand structure has been designed. then, the residual single-stranded target dna is hydrolyzed by s1 nuclease. therefore, the content of target dna becomes equal to the c ... | 2020 | 33094371 |
| viral variant visualizer (vvv): a novel bioinformatic tool for rapid and simple visualization of viral genetic diversity. | here a bioinformatic pipeline vvv has been developed to analyse viral populations in a given sample from next generation sequencing (ngs) data. to date, handling large amounts of data from ngs requires the expertise of bioinformaticians, both for data processing and result analysis. consequently, vvv was designed to help non-bioinformaticians to perform these tasks. by providing only the ngs data file, the developed pipeline generated consensus sequences and determined the composition of the vir ... | 2020 | 33080244 |
| treatment with exogenous trypsin expands in vitro cellular tropism of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes a highly contagious and economically important respiratory disease in poultry. in the laboratory, most ibv strains are restricted to replication in ex vivo organ cultures or in ovo and do not replicate in cell culture, making the study of their basic virology difficult. entry of ibv into cells is facilitated by the large glycoprotein on the surface of the virion, the spike (s) protein, comprised of s1 and s2 subunits. previous researc ... | 2020 | 33003350 |
| transient dominant selection for the modification and generation of recombinant infectious bronchitis coronaviruses. | we have developed a reverse genetics system for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in which a full-length cdna corresponding to the ibv genome is inserted into the vaccinia virus genome under the control of a t7 promoter sequence. vaccinia virus as a vector for the full-length ibv cdna has the advantage that modifications can be introduced into the ibv cdna using homologous recombination, a method frequently used to insert and delete sequences from the vaccinia virus genome. ... | 2020 | 32833211 |
| whole-genome sequencing protocols for ibv and other coronaviruses using high-throughput sequencing. | this chapter reports the high-throughput sequencing protocol for sequencing coronaviruses and other positive strand viruses to produce a dataset of significant depth of coverage. the protocol describes sequencing of infectious bronchitis virus propagated in embryonated eggs and harvested in the allantoic fluid. the protocol is composed of three main steps-enrichment of the allantoic fluid using ultracentrifugation, extraction of total rna from allantoic fluid, and library preparation from total ... | 2020 | 32833204 |
| risks and disease aetiologies of compromised performance in commercial broilers kept at lower stocking density and limited antimicrobial use. | the health status of broilers raised at lower stocking density and limited antimicrobial use (but routine anticoccidials) was assessed in order to identify prevalent causes of disease, mortality and reduced performance. "dead-on-farm"(dof) broilers from 145 commercial flocks were investigated at two different time points (tp1:7-14 and tp2:28-35 days of age); per sampling, 6-10 dof broilers were selected for post-mortem investigation and gross pathomorphological changes were assessed from 2717 bi ... | 2020 | 32746625 |
| multiple novel non-canonically transcribed sub-genomic mrnas produced by avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | coronavirus sub-genomic mrna (sgmrna) synthesis occurs via a process of discontinuous transcription involving complementary transcription regulatory sequences (trss), one (trs-l) encompassing the leader sequence of the 5' untranslated region (utr), and the other upstream of each structural and accessory gene (trs-b). several coronaviruses have an orf located between the n gene and the 3'-utr, an area previously thought to be non-coding in the gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) du ... | 2020 | 32720890 |
| wild birds as reservoirs for diverse and abundant gamma- and deltacoronaviruses. | wild birds interconnect all parts of the globe through annual cycles of migration with little respect for country or continental borders. although wild birds are reservoir hosts for a high diversity of gamma- and deltacoronaviruses, we have little understanding of the ecology or evolution of any of these viruses. in this review, we use genome sequence and ecological data to disentangle the evolution of coronaviruses in wild birds. specifically, we explore host range at the levels of viral genus ... | 2020 | 32672814 |
| infectious bronchitis virus evolution, diagnosis and control. | rna viruses are characterized by high mutation and recombination rates, which allow a rapid adaptation to new environments. most of the emerging diseases and host jumps are therefore sustained by these viruses. rapid evolution may also hinder the understanding of molecular epidemiology, affect the sensitivity of diagnostic assays, limit the vaccine efficacy and favor episodes of immune escape, thus significantly complicating the control of even well-known pathogens. the history of infectious bro ... | 2020 | 32580381 |
| limited cross-protection against infectious bronchitis provided by recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses expressing heterologous spike glycoproteins. | gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes an economically important respiratory disease of poultry. protective immunity is associated with the major structural protein, spike (s) glycoprotein, which induces neutralising antibodies and defines the serotype. cross-protective immunity between serotypes is limited and can be difficult to predict. in this study, the ability of two recombinant ibv vaccine candidates, beaur-m41(s) and beaur-4/91(s), to induce cross-protection against a ... | 2020 | 32580371 |
| diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography to detect false layers in a commercial laying flock infected by an infectious bronchitis virus delmarva genotype causing cystic oviducts. | infection of the oviduct by an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in laying hens has been associated with the false layer syndrome. because the diagnostic procedure for the detection of cystic oviducts by postmortem examinations in ibv-positive replacement pullet flocks could involve the unnecessary sacrifice of numerous healthy pullets without reproductive tract anomalies, the development of a noninvasive and nonlethal diagnostic procedure would be desirable. the first objective of the study was ... | 2020 | 32550615 |
| a unifying structural and functional model of the coronavirus replication organelle: tracking down rna synthesis. | zoonotic coronavirus (cov) infections, such as those responsible for the current severe acute respiratory syndrome-cov 2 (sars-cov-2) pandemic, cause grave international public health concern. in infected cells, the cov rna-synthesizing machinery associates with modified endoplasmic reticulum membranes that are transformed into the viral replication organelle (ro). although double-membrane vesicles (dmvs) appear to be a pan-cov ro element, studies to date describe an assortment of additional cov ... | 2020 | 32511245 |
| a novel protein chip for simultaneous detection of antibodies against four epidemic swine viruses in china. | at present, pig industry in china is faced with the complex situation of mixed infection caused by multiple pathogens. it is urgent to develop some new high-throughput molecular diagnosis assays to simultaneously detect pathogens or antibodies. biochip array technology has made it possible to screen thousands of samples simultaneously; it has been twice named as one of the top 10 scientific and technological breakthroughs. studies have reported encouraging results using protein biochips for dete ... | 2020 | 32456688 |
| infectious bronchitis virus regulates cellular stress granule signaling. | viruses must hijack cellular translation machinery to express viral genes. in many cases, this is impeded by cellular stress responses. these stress responses result in the global inhibition of translation and the storage of stalled mrnas, into rna-protein aggregates called stress granules. this results in the translational silencing of the majority of mrnas excluding those beneficial for the cell to resolve the specific stress. for example, the expression of antiviral factors is maintained duri ... | 2020 | 32422883 |
| reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick for detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the study was conducted to develop a specific, simple, and sensitive method for diagnosis of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). in this experiment, the selected downstream primer was labeled with biotin and the 5' end of raa probe was labeled with fam by reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (rt-raa) combined with lateral flow dipstick (lfd). a rt-raa-lfd assay that could be used for detection of ibv was established after optimization of rt-raa reaction time, reaction tempe ... | 2020 | 32416856 |
| high-resolution melting curve analysis for infectious bronchitis virus strain differentiation. | belonging to the coronaviridae family, avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes respiratory, reproductive, and renal diseases in poultry. preventative measures lie mainly in vaccination, while the gold standard for ibv classification and differentiation is based on the sequence analysis of the spike 1 (s1) gene. in this study, we tested a new assay for ibv strain classification that is less expensive and requires reduced time and effort to perform. we carried out a quantitative real-time p ... | 2020 | 32367941 |
| development and application of a colloidal gold test strip for the rapid detection of the infectious laryngotracheitis virus. | infectious laryngotracheitis disease is an acute, highly contagious viral disease seriously affecting poultry industry worldwide. in this study, a rapid and simple immune colloidal gold test strip for detecting infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) was developed based on membrane chromatography with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against gj protein of iltv and systematically evaluated for the detection of iltv from clinical samples. mab 2d4 1d7 was conjugated with colloidal gold as the detecto ... | 2020 | 32359575 |
| phylodynamic analysis and evaluation of the balance between anthropic and environmental factors affecting ibv spreading among italian poultry farms. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) control is mainly based on wide vaccine administration. although effective, its efficacy is not absolute, the viral circulation is not prevented and some side effects cannot be denied. despite this, the determinants of ibv epidemiology and the factors affecting its circulation are still largely unknown and poorly investigated. in the present study, 361 ibv qx (the most relevant field genotype in italy) sequences were obtained between 2012 and 2016 from the two m ... | 2020 | 32350378 |
| protection following simultaneous vaccination with three or four different attenuated live vaccine types against infectious bronchitis virus. | two or more different live attenuated infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine types are often given to broilers to induce homologous protection as well as to broaden protection against other ibv types in the field. however, the ability of broilers to respond to three or four different antigenic types of ibv vaccine has not been examined experimentally. in this study, we vaccinated one-day-old broiler chicks by eyedrop with three or four different ibv vaccine types simultaneously. the presence ... | 2020 | 32242456 |
| real-time, minion-based, amplicon sequencing for lineage typing of infectious bronchitis virus from upper respiratory samples. | infectious bronchitis (ib) causes significant economic losses in the global poultry industry. control of ib is hindered by the genetic diversity of the causative agent, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which has led to the emergence of several serotypes that lack complete serologic cross-protection. although serotyping requires immunologic characterization, genotyping is an efficient means to identify ibvs detected in samples. sanger sequencing of the s1 subunit of the spike gene is currently ... | 2020 | 32133932 |
| research note: first evidence of infectious bronchitis virus middle-east gi-23 lineage (var2-like) in germany. | the infectious bronchitis virus middle-east gi-23 lineage (var2-like) was observed on a german broiler farm, for the first time. the animals suffered from respiratory and nephropathogenic disease. gross lesions observed during necropsy included tracheitis, aerosacculitis, and nephritis. tracheal swabs were tested positive for infectious bronchitis virus middle-east gi-23 lineage (var2-like) by pcr. furthermore, sequence analysis of the s1 spike protein showed close relationship to the commercial ... | 2020 | 32036979 |
| qx-like infectious bronchitis virus reported in india. | | 2020 | 31953290 |
| characterization of infectious bronchitis virus d181, a new serotype (gii-2). | this paper describes the characterization of a new infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain d181, that rapidly evolved from a low-level incidental finding in 2017 to become the second most isolated ibv strain in dutch layers and breeders in 2018, as well as being found in samples from germany and belgium. based on the sequence of the s gene and the results of cross-neutralization tests, d181 can be considered as a new serotype and the second lineage within genotype ii (gii-2). the experimental i ... | 2020 | 31951468 |
| molecular characterization of variant infectious bronchitis virus in china, 2019: implications for control programmes. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), an ongoing emergence enveloped virus with a single-stranded positive-sense rna genome, belongs to the gammacoronavirus genus in the coronaviridae family. ibv-associated tracheitis, nephritis, salpingitis, proventriculitis and egg drop have caused devastating economic losses to poultry industry worldwide. since the end of 2018, a remarkably increasing number of commercial broilers and layers, vaccinated or not, were infected with ibv in china. here, we described ... | 2020 | 31943814 |
| molecular epidemiology of infectious bronchitis virus in poland from 1980 to 2017. | the presence of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was identified for the first time in the poultry population in poland at the end of the 1960s. from this time a few waves of epidemics caused by different ibv variants spread across the country. in order to gain more insight into the molecular epidemiology of ibv in poland, in the present study the s1 coding region of 34 ibv isolates and nearly whole genome of 10 strains collected over a period of 38 years was characterized. phylogenetic analysis ... | 2020 | 31917362 |
| antigenic and pathogenic characteristics of qx-type avian infectious bronchitis virus strains isolated in southwestern china. | the qx-type avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is still a prevalent genotype in southwestern china. to analyze the antigenicity and pathogenicity characteristics of the dominant genotype strains (qx-type), s1 gene sequence analysis, virus cross-neutralization tests, and pathogenicity test of eight qx-type ibv isolates were conducted. sequence analysis showed that the nucleotide homology between the eight strains was high, but distantly related to h120 and 4/91 vaccine strains. cross-neutral ... | 2019 | 31847269 |
| retraction note to: mitochondrial bioenergy alterations in avian hd11 macrophages infected with infectious bronchitis virus. | the editor-in-chief has retracted this article [1]. figures 1a, 1d and 2b (bottom right) are identical with figures 1a, 1h and 1b respectively in another article [2] which reports a study in a different species. in addition, table 1 contains data presented in a third article [3], which also reports a study in a different species. the editor-in-chief therefore no longer has confidence in the validity of the data and the conclusions drawn. tereza c. cardoso disagrees with this retraction. helena l ... | 2020 | 31784908 |
| reverse-transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay for h7 subtype avian influenza virus. | h7 subtype avian influenza virus infection is an emerging zoonosis in some asian countries and an important avian disease worldwide. a rapid and simple test is needed to confirm infection in suspected cases during disease outbreaks. in this study, we developed a reverse-transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay for the detection of h7 subtype avian influenza virus. assays were performed at a single temperature (39°c), and the results were obtained within 20 min. the assay showed no cro ... | 2020 | 31714018 |
| evolution of infectious bronchitis virus in the field after homologous vaccination introduction. | despite the fact that vaccine resistance has been typically considered a rare phenomenon, some episodes of vaccine failure have been reported with increasing frequency in intensively-raised livestock. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a widespread avian coronavirus, whose control relies mainly on extensive vaccine administration. unfortunately, the continuous emergence of new vaccine-immunity escaping variants prompts the development of new vaccines. in the present work, a molecular epidemiol ... | 2019 | 31706335 |
| protective efficacy of different live attenuated infectious bronchitis virus vaccination regimes against challenge with ibv variant-2 circulating in the middle east. | six vaccination regimes using classical (mass-type) and variant (ib-var2 and ib-793b) live vaccines were evaluated against middle eastern variant-2 infectious bronchitis virus challenge. six groups of spf chicks (30 birds/group) were vaccinated using prime-boost regimes at day-1 and day-14 using; ib-m41:ib-var2, ib-var2:ib-var2, ib-var2:ib-m41, ib-ma5:ib-793b, ib-793b:ib-793b, and ib-793b:ib-ma5, respectively. ciliostasis and lesion scores were evaluated at day-5 after each vaccination. birds we ... | 2019 | 31649942 |
| reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick for detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the study was conducted to develop a specific, simple, and sensitive method for diagnosis of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). in this experiment, the selected downstream primer was labeled with biotin and the 5' end of raa probe was labeled with fam by reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (rt-raa) combined with lateral flow dipstick (lfd). a rt-raa-lfd assay that could be used for detection of ibv was established after optimization of rt-raa reaction time, reaction tempe ... | 2019 | 31539067 |
| molecular and antigenic characterization of gi-13 and gi-16 avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in chile from 2009 to 2017 regarding 4/91 vaccine introduction. | the introduction of the 4/91 vaccine against infectious bronchitis in chile, a lineage not described until that time in the country, led to looking for changes induced by this action. this study considers eight isolates obtained from 2009, 2015 and 2017 and uses a maximum likelihood approach to classify the field isolates. three isolates were selected to analyze antigenic relationships through a virus neutralization test and to perform protection tests measured trough an rt-qpcr. the isolates fr ... | 2019 | 31491868 |
| vaccine or field strains: the jigsaw pattern of infectious bronchitis virus molecular epidemiology in poland. | infectious bronchitis (ib), caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), account for severe economic losses in the poultry industry. the continuous emergence of a multitude of ibv variants poses many challenges for its diagnosis and control, and live attenuated vaccines, despite their routine use, still plays a significant role in driving ibv evolution, further complicating the epidemiological scenario. unfortunately, the impact of different vaccination strategies on ib control, epidemiology, an ... | 2019 | 31399745 |
| molecular detection and genetic characterization of mycoplasma gallisepticum, mycoplama synoviae, and infectious bronchitis virus in poultry in myanmar. | in southeast asian countries, including myanmar, poultry farming is a major industry. in order to manage and maintain stable productivity, it is important to establish policies for biosecurity. infectious respiratory diseases are a major threat to poultry farming. avian influenza and newcastle disease have been reported in myanmar, but no scientific information is available for other respiratory pathogens, such as mycoplasmas and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). identifying the genotypes and s ... | 2019 | 31345206 |
| development of oligonucleotide microarray for accurate and simultaneous detection of avian respiratory viral diseases. | avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and newcastle disease virus (ndv) are important avian pathogens that can cause enormous economic loss on the poultry industry. different respiratory etiological agents may induce similar clinical signs that make differential diagnosis difficult. importantly, aiv brings about severe threat to human public health. therefore, a novel method that can distinguish these viruses quickly and simultaneously is urgently needed. | 2019 | 31324180 |
| viral interference between h9n2-low pathogenic avian influenza virus and avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine strain h120 in vivo. | the interaction between a low pathogenic avian influenza virus (a/ck/tun/145/2012), a h9n2 tunisian isolate, and a vaccine strain (h120) of avian infectious bronchitis, administered simultaneously or sequentially three days apart to chicks during 20 days, was evaluated using elisa antibody levels, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) analyses and histopathology examination. first, the in vivo replication interference of avian influenza virus (aiv) and infectious ... | 2019 | 31300117 |
| genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus in iran: detection of d274 and changing in the genotypes rate. | the coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) poses economic threats to poultry farms worldwide, affecting the performance of both meat-type and egg-laying birds. to define the evolution of recent ibvs in iran, a genetic analysis based on hypervariable nucleotide sequences of s1 gene was carried out. tracheal swab samples were collected from 170 broiler flocks during 2017. ten tracheal swabs from each flock pooled. from a total number of 170 flocks tested, 84.71% found to be positive. ... | 2019 | 31300098 |
| simultaneous and visual detection of infectious bronchitis virus and newcastle disease virus by multiple lamp and lateral flow dipstick. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv) are both important viruses seriously affecting poultry industry worldwide. in this study, reverse-transcription lamp (rt-lamp) was combined with lateral flow dipstick (lfd) forming a novel detection tool which could simultaneously detect ibv and ndv visually. primers targeted the 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr) of ibv genome and the conserved region of ndv large polymerase gene (lp). the specificity and sensitivity of this multi ... | 2019 | 31265112 |
| molecular characterization of a unique variant of avian infectious bronchitis virus in tunisia. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is responsible of significant economic losses for poultry industry around the world, through evolution of its pathogenicity, inadequacy of vaccines, and virus evasion. such evasion is related to the unstable nature of its rna, in particular the s glycoprotein encoding gene, which raises great challenges with regard to the control of the disease, along with the lack of proof reading mechanisms of the rna polymerase. the emergence of new variants might be a ... | 2019 | 31265109 |
| molecular epidemiology of infectious bronchitis virus and avian metapneumovirus in greece. | respiratory diseases like infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and avian metapneumovirus (ampv) have been held accountable for major losses for poultry production. nevertheless, scarce information was present dealing with the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of these infections in greece and the efficacy of currently applied control strategies. to fill this gap, a specific epidemiological study was designed. a total of 106 broiler and layer farms, including 10 backyard and 96 commercial flocks ... | 2019 | 31264704 |
| comparative analysis of gene expression in virulent and attenuated strains of infectious bronchitis virus at subcodon resolution. | like all coronaviruses, avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) possesses a long, single-stranded, positive-sense rna genome (∼27 kb) and has a complex replication strategy that includes the production of a nested set of subgenomic mrnas (sgmrnas). here, we used whole-transcriptome sequencing (rnaseq) and ribosome profiling (riboseq) to delineate gene expression in the ibv m41-ck and beau-r strains at subcodon resolution. rnaseq facilitated a comparative analysis of viral rna synthesis and revea ... | 2019 | 31243124 |
| genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus in afghanistan (2016-2017): the first report. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious viral disease which affects the poultry industry. the virus exists in a wide variety of genotypes, and phylogenetic analysis has been used to classify infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains. | 2019 | 31191702 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of fifteen plant extracts against avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a disease that can result in huge economic losses in the poultry industry. the high level of mutations of the ib virus (ibv) leads to the emergence of new serotypes and genotypes, and limits the efficacy of routine prevention. medicinal plants, or substances derived from them, are being tested as options in the prevention of infectious diseases such as ib in many countries. the objective of this study was to investigate extracts of 15 selected medicinal plants ... | 2019 | 31142304 |
| investigation of suspected newcastle disease (nd) outbreaks in egypt uncovers a high virus velogenic nd virus burden in small-scale holdings and the presence of multiple pathogens. | highly contagious newcastle disease (nd) is associated with devastating outbreaks with highly variable clinical signs among gallinaceous birds. in this study we aimed to verify clinical nd suspicions in poultry holdings in egypt suffering from respiratory distress and elevated mortality, comparing two groups of nd-vaccinated poultry holdings in three governorates. besides testing for newcastle disease virus (ndv), samples were screened for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and avian influenza vi ... | 2019 | 31090444 |
| the er stress sensor ire1 and map kinase erk modulate autophagy induction in cells infected with coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | coronavirus infection induces the generation of autophagosomes, and certain host proteins regulating cellular autophagy are hijacked by some coronaviruses to facilitate the formation of double membrane vesicles. however, mechanisms underlying coronavirus-induced autophagy remain largely unknown. in this study, we demonstrate that autophagosome formation and apparent autophagic flux are induced in cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) - a gammacoronavirus. notably, ibv-induced aut ... | 2019 | 31082732 |
| a two-year prospective study of small poultry flocks in ontario, canada, part 2: causes of morbidity and mortality. | non-commercial poultry flocks (referred to as "small flocks") have become increasingly popular in canada. despite this popularity, little is known about the main causes of morbidity and mortality (health status) in these flocks. we assessed the baseline prevalence of infectious and non-infectious diseases among ontario's small poultry flocks by conducting a prospective surveillance study over a 2-y period. with the owner's consent, for each bird ( n = 245) submitted to the animal health laborato ... | 2019 | 30973078 |
| the infectious bronchitis coronavirus envelope protein alters golgi ph to protect the spike protein and promote the release of infectious virus. | coronaviruses (covs) assemble by budding into the lumen of the early golgi complex prior to exocytosis. the small cov envelope (e) protein plays roles in assembly, virion release, and pathogenesis. cov e has a single hydrophobic domain (hd), is targeted to golgi membranes, and has cation channel activity in vitro the e protein from avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has dramatic effects on the secretory system, which require residues in the hd. mutation of the hd of ibv e in a recombinant v ... | 2019 | 30867314 |
| n-linked glycosylation of the membrane protein ectodomain regulates infectious bronchitis virus-induced er stress response, apoptosis and pathogenesis. | coronavirus membrane (m) protein is the most abundant structural protein playing a critical role in virion assembly. previous studies show that the n-terminal ectodomain of m protein is modified by glycosylation, but its precise functions are yet to be thoroughly investigated. in this study, we confirm that n-linked glycosylation occurs at two predicted sites in the m protein ectodomain of infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv). dual mutations at the two sites (n3d/n6d) did not affect particle ... | 2019 | 30852271 |
| viral infection detection using metagenomics technology in six poultry farms of eastern china. | with rapidly increasing animal pathogen surveillance requirements, new technologies are needed for a comprehensive understanding of the roles of pathogens in the occurrence and development of animal diseases. we applied metagenomic technology to avian virus surveillance to study the main viruses infecting six poultry farms in two provinces in eastern china. cloacal/throat double swabs were collected from 60 birds at each farm according to a random sampling method. the results showed that the met ... | 2019 | 30785912 |
| genetic and antigenic heterogeneity of infectious bronchitis virus in south america: implications for control programmes. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a persistent sanitary problem for the south american poultry industry despite extensive vaccination. the ibv single-stranded rna genome has high rates of mutation and recombination that generate a notorious virus variability. since most ibv vaccines are type-specific, there is a need for constant surveillance of the circulating lineages and knowledge about their genetic and antigenic properties. here we present an integrative analysis that provides the patter ... | 2019 | 30761909 |
| development of a recombinant newcastle disease virus-vectored vaccine for infectious bronchitis virus variant strains circulating in egypt. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes a major disease problem for the poultry industry worldwide. the currently used live-attenuated vaccines have the tendency to mutate and/or recombine with circulating field strains resulting in the emergence of vaccine-derived variant viruses. in order to circumvent these issues, and to develop a vaccine that is more relevant to egypt and its neighboring countries, a recombinant avirulent newcastle disease virus (rndv) strain lasota was constructed to expr ... | 2019 | 30744668 |
| effect of pullet vaccination on development and longevity of immunity. | avian respiratory disease causes significant economic losses in commercial poultry. because of the need to protect long-lived poultry against respiratory tract pathogens from an early age, vaccination programs for pullets typically involve serial administration of a variety of vaccines, including infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). often the interval between vaccinations is only a matter of weeks, yet it is unknown whet ... | 2019 | 30717342 |
| near-complete genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus strain vfar-047 (gi-16 lineage), isolated in peru. | here, we report the near-complete genome sequence of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain vfar-047, isolated in peru in 2014. this strain was classified into gi lineage 16 (gi-16) based on both the genome and spike 1 (s1) sequence analysis. furthermore, four potential recombination events with other gi-16 and gi-11 strains were identified. | 2019 | 30714035 |
| gonadal pathogenicity of an infectious bronchitis virus strain from the massachusetts genotype. | an outbreak of infectious bronchitis caused by the ibvpr03 strain of the massachusetts genotype affected h-120 vaccinated laying hens in south brazil. we investigated the cross protection of the vaccine by assessing the traqueal ciliostasis, virus recovery, and histopathological changes typically observed in the respiratory tract. although the ibvpr03 strain is s1-genotyped as massachusetts with a high genomic similarity to the h-120 vaccine strains, surprisingly, we found no tropism or pathogen ... | 2019 | 30637657 |
| identification and formation mechanism of a novel noncoding rna produced by avian infectious bronchitis virus. | viral noncoding (nc) rnas have been shown to play important roles in viral life cycle. many viruses employ different mechanism to produce ncrnas. here, we report that coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) produces a novel ncrna in virus-infected cells. this ncrna consists of 563 nucleotides excluding a poly(a) tail, is mainly derived from the 3'-untranslated region of ibv genome, and contains a 63-nt-long of terminal leader sequence derived from the 5' end of the viral genome. using muta ... | 2019 | 30616206 |
| infectious bronchitis virus entry mainly depends on clathrin mediated endocytosis and requires classical endosomal/lysosomal system. | although several reports suggest that the entry of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) depends on lipid rafts and low ph, the endocytic route and intracellular trafficking are unclear. in this study, we aimed to shed greater light on early steps in ibv infection. by using chemical inhibitors, rna interference, and dominant negative mutants, we observed that lipid rafts and low ph was indeed required for virus entry; ibv mainly utilized the clathrin mediated endocytosis (cme) for entry; gtpase dyna ... | 2019 | 30597347 |
| the first evidence of a new genotype of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus circulating in vaccinated and unvaccinated broiler flocks in algeria. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) frequently infects broilers and is responsible for severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. it has also been associated with kidney damage in the broiler flocks. the aim of the present study is to determine the presence of ibv and its possible involvement in kidney damage of broiler chicks. | 2018 | 30587900 |
| gi-16 lineage (624/i or q1), there and back again: the history of one of the major threats for poultry farming of our era. | the genetic variability of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the main challenges for its control, hindering not only the development of effective vaccination strategies but also its classification and, consequently, epidemiology understanding. the 624/i and q1 genotypes, now recognized to be part of the gi-16 lineage, represent an excellent example of the practical consequences of ibv molecular epidemiology limited knowledge. in fact, being their common origin unrecognized for a long t ... | 2018 | 30571679 |
| recent approaches for control of e. coli and respiratory complex in middle east. | this study was conducted on 100 one-day-old broiler chicks to evaluate the effect of poulvac e. coli vaccine in reduction of clinical signs and complications after concurrent infectious bronchitis virus (variant 02) and virulent e. coli o78 challenges. the birds were evaluated for clinical signs, mortality for 7 days post-infection, pm lesion score, average body weight and serological evaluation. re-isolation and rt-pcr for the challenging infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variant 02 were conduc ... | 2018 | 30505174 |
| virus neutralization study using h120, h52, 793/b antisera against iranian infectious bronchitis virus genotypes. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a major pathogen of the domestic fowl, exhibits extensive antigenic variation. ibv is a member of the coronaviridae family and the genus gammacoronavirus. a new infectious bronchitis virus serotype can emerge from only very few amino acid changes within the major peplomer glycoprotein, namely in its s1 part forming the virion spike. principally, the serotypes are identified by virus neutralization (vn) tests. this study is aimed to investigate the neutralizing ... | 2019 | 30472866 |
| infectious bronchitis virus nonstructural protein 4 alone induces membrane pairing. | positive-strand rna viruses, such as coronaviruses, induce cellular membrane rearrangements during replication to form replication organelles allowing for efficient viral rna synthesis. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a pathogenic avian gammacoronavirus of significant importance to the global poultry industry, has been shown to induce the formation of double membrane vesicles (dmvs), zippered endoplasmic reticulum (zer) and tethered vesicles, known as spherules. these membrane rearrangements ... | 2018 | 30200673 |
| biological and molecular characterization of arkga: a novel arkansas serotype vaccine that is highly attenuated, efficacious, and protective against homologous challenge. | almost all commercial poultry are vaccinated against avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) using live attenuated vaccines mass administered by spray at day of hatch. although many different types of ibv vaccines are used successfully, the arkdpi serotype vaccine, when applied by spray, does not infect and replicate sufficiently to provide protection against homologous challenge. in this study, we examined a different ark vaccine strain (ark99), which is no longer used commercially ... | 2018 | 30197283 |
| chiral zirconium quantum dots: a new class of nanocrystals for optical detection of coronavirus. | a synthetic way of chiral zirconium quantum dots (zr qds) was presented for the first time using l(+)-ascorbic acid acts as a surface as well as chiral ligands. different spectroscopic and microscopic analysis was performed for thorough characterization of zr qds. as-synthesized qds exhibited fluorescence and circular dichroism properties, and the peaks were located at 412 nm and 352 nm, respectively. mtt assay was performed to test the cytotoxicity of the synthesized zr qds against rat brain gl ... | 2018 | 30186985 |
| complete genome analysis of iranian is-1494 like avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain is-1494 like (variant-2; gi-23) was first isolated in the middle east (1998). despite intensive vaccinations, is-1494 like ibvs are still circulating in iran (the dominant genotype) and spread to other countries. here, the full-length genome of this iranian is-1494 like ibv was (mahed) determined to understand its evolutionary relationships. the genome consists of 27,652 nucleotides, with mutations in most of the structural genes. thi ... | 2018 | 30159377 |
| molecular characterization of whole genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus 624i genotype confirms the close relationship with q1 genotype. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genotype q1 was detected for the first time in china in 1996, and then spread worldwide. the first report of q1 genotype in italy occurred in 2011 and a deep molecular investigation of a q1 isolated in italy in 2013 has led to speculation regarding the origin of this genotype. phylogenetic analysis of the s1 sequence of a q1 italian strain revealed a close relationship with sequences of the 624i strains circulating in italy in the early 1990s and this led to the ... | 2019 | 30126059 |
| immune protection conferred by three commonly used commercial live attenuated vaccines against the prevalent local strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus in southern china. | live attenuated vaccines are critical in the control of avian infectious bronchitis. it is necessary to know the protection conferred by commonly used commercial live vaccines. in this study, specific pathogen-free chicks were vaccinated with the commercial live vaccines h120, 4/91 and ldt3-a. blood samples were collected at weekly intervals for the detection of ibv-specific antibodies and quantification of cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes. at 21 days post-inoculation the vaccinated birds were challe ... | 2018 | 30022779 |
| the s2 subunit of infectious bronchitis virus beaudette is a determinant of cellular tropism. | the spike (s) glycoprotein of the avian gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is comprised of two subunits (s1 and s2), has a role in virulence in vivo, and is responsible for cellular tropism in vitro we have previously demonstrated that replacement of the s glycoprotein ectodomain from the avirulent beaudette strain of ibv with the corresponding region from the virulent m41-ck strain resulted in a recombinant virus, beaur-m41(s), with the in vitro cell tropism of m41-ck. the ibv b ... | 2018 | 30021894 |
| identification of novel linear epitopes located in the infectious bronchitis virus spike s2 region. | we identified novel linear epitopes on the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) spike s2 region. the conformational structure of the ibv spike protein was predicted from a homologous protein, human coronavirus nl63 spike. although the obtained structure was incomplete, most of the ibv spike protein structure was predicted; the n-terminus of the s1 region could not be predicted due to its variability. in the model, the region located in the proximity of the fusion peptide appeared to be well conserv ... | 2018 | 29944406 |
| using multinomial and space-time permutation models to understand the epidemiology of infectious bronchitis in california between 2008 and 2012. | although infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has been described as one of the most economically important viral respiratory diseases in poultry, there are few analyses of outbreaks that use spatial statistics. in order to better understand how the different genotypes of ibv behave spatially and temporally, we used geographic information system-based mapping coupled with spatial and spatial-temporal statistics to identify statistically significant clustering of multiple strains of infectious bronch ... | 2018 | 29944405 |
| infectious bronchitis virus gel vaccination: evaluation of mass-like (b-48) and 793/b-like (1/96) vaccine kinetics after combined administration at 1 day of age. | infectious bronchitis (ib) control has a strong impact on poultry farming, because of the necessary epidemiological knowledge for planning the best strategy, the optimal strain association, the priming and boosting interventions. broiler farming is even more problematic given the short and intense productive cycle, which requires an early onset of protection against most of the infectious threats, possibly with limited respiratory post-vaccination reactions that would have a direct impact on the ... | 2018 | 29897603 |
| the adrp domain from a virulent strain of infectious bronchitis virus is not sufficient to confer a pathogenic phenotype to the attenuated beaudette strain. | the replicase gene of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) encodes 15 non-structural proteins (nsps). nsp 3 is a multi-functional protein containing a conserved adp-ribose-1″-phosphatase (adrp) domain. the crystal structures of the domain from two strains of ibv, m41 (virulent) and beaudette (avirulent), identified a key difference; m41 contains a conserved triple-glycine motif, whilst beaudette contains a glycine-to-serine mutation that is predicted to abolish adrp activity. althou ... | 2018 | 29893665 |
| metagenomic of clinically diseased and healthy broiler affected with respiratory disease complex. | in recent past, the respiratory infection has emerged as a great challenge to the poultry farmers. various pathogens including avian pneumovirus (apv), avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv), avibacterium paragallinarum, ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ort), mycoplasma synoviae (ms), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) and avian pathogenic escherichia coli (apec) are involved in the respiratory disease complex in birds [1], [2] (bradbury, 1984 ... | 2018 | 29892620 |
| evaluation of full s1 gene sequencing of classical and variant infectious bronchitis viruses extracted from allantoic fluid and fta cards. | sequence variability in the s1 gene determines the genotype of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains. a single rt-pcr assay was developed to amplify and sequence the full s1 gene for six classical and variant ibvs (m41, d274, 793b, is/885/00, is/1494/06 and q1) enriched in allantoic fluid (af) or the same af inoculated onto flinders technology association (fta) cards. representative strains from each genotype were grown in specific-pathogen-free eggs and rna was extracted from af. full s1 ge ... | 2018 | 29712443 |
| diverse gammacoronaviruses detected in wild birds from madagascar. | to date, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is potentially found in wild birds of different species. this work reports the survey of coronaviruses in wild birds from madagascar based on the targeting of a conserved genome sequence among different groups of covs. phylogenetic analyses revealed the presence of gammacoronaviruses in different species of gruiformes, passeriformes, ciconiiformes, anseriformes, and charadriiformes. furthermore, some sequences were related to various ibv strains. aquati ... | 2015 | 32214942 |
| s1 gene sequence analysis of new variant isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus in tunisia. | tissue samples were collected from suspected broiler flocks showing respiratory signs to identify infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), characterize emerging field strains, and study their relationships with the massachusetts h120 strain, the only ib vaccine used in tunisia. | 2012 | 30155432 |
| optimization of transfection methods for huh-7 and vero cells: a comparative study. | availability of an efficient transfection protocol is the first determinant in success of gene transferring studies in mammalian cells which is accomplished experimentally for every single cell type. herein, we provide data of a comparative study on optimization of transfection condition by electroporation and chemical methods for huh-7 and vero cells. different cell confluencies, dna/reagent ratios and total transfection volumes were optimized for two chemical reagents including jetpei™ and lip ... | 2012 | 32214542 |
| evaluation of sialic acid and acute-phase proteins (haptoglobin and serum amyloids a) in healthy and avian infection bronchitis virus-infected chicks. | forty-five 24-day-old cobb chicks infected with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and ten healthy 24-day-old cobb chicks without any clinical signs of ibv as control group were selected for the study. all of the diseased chicks showed some or all of the clinical signs of infectious bronchitis including gasping, coughing and nasal discharge, wet eyes, swollen sinuses, reduction of food consumption and weight gain. diagnosis of ibv was based on clinical signs and elisa test. blood samples were tak ... | 2011 | 32214968 |
| longitudinal field studies of infectious bronchitis virus and avian pneumovirus in broilers using type-specific polymerase chain reactions. | in longitudinal studies, 13 flocks were swabbed twice each week for the life of the flock (up to 46 days). the swabs were analyzed by type-specific reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions. massachusetts type vaccinal infectious bronchitis virus (ibvs), applied at the hatchery, were usually maximal during the first week, as expected and, notably, remained detectable for 3 to 4 weeks, occasionally longer. ibv of the 793/b type (also known as 4/91 and cr88) was detected in 11/13 flocks (85 ... | 1999 | 27266431 |
| co-circulation of four types of infectious bronchitis virus (793/b, 624/i, b1648 and massachusetts). | eighteen isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) from italy and poland in 1997 to 1998 were comprehensively analysed by serum haemagglutination inhibition and virus neutralization tests, and by type-specific polymerase chain reactions and spike protein s1 gene sequencing. four types of ibv (793/b, 624/i, b1648 and massachusetts) were detected in italy, while the presence of 793/b was confirmed in poland. this showed that not only were four types of ibv co-existing within a single year, but ... | 1999 | 27266430 |
| an unusual case of haemorrhagic bursa in a pullet flock associated with a genogroup 2 infectious bursal disease virus. | an unusual case of infectious bursal disease (ibd) was observed in eight-week-old commercial caged pullets. this flock (house 1) exhibited a one-day spike in mortality. on gross necropsy examination, enlarged, diffusely haemorrhagic bursas were observed. this lesion has been frequently described in cases of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv). a five-week-old caged pullet flock (house 2) in an adjacent building did not display haemorrhagic bursa lesions. microscopic examinatio ... | 2021 | 33823706 |
| development and application of a novel triplex protein microarray method for rapid detection of antibodies against avian influenza virus, newcastle disease virus, and avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) inflict immense damage on the global poultry industry annually. serological diagnostic methods are fundamental for the effective control and prevention of outbreaks caused by these viruses. in this study, a novel triplex protein microarray assay was developed and validated for the rapid and simultaneous visualized detection of antibodies against aiv, ndv, and ibv in chicken sera. the aiv nucle ... | 2021 | 33576898 |
| health surveillance of penguins in the barton peninsula on king george island, antarctica. | samples from 29 adult gentoo (pygoscelis papua), chinstrap (pygoscelis antarcticus), and adélie penguins (pygoscelis adeliae) at the king sejong station on nar̢ ebski point, king george island, antarctica, were investigated to detect antibodies to avian influenza, newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, mycoplasma, and salmonella. antibodies were identified from one gentoo penguin and one chinstrap penguin against infectious bronchitis virus; from o ... | 2021 | 33872350 |
| viral metagenomic analysis of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) with enteritis in the republic of korea. | we performed viral metagenomics analysis of japanese quail affected with enteritis to elucidate the viral etiology. metagenomics generated 21,066,442 sequence reads via high-throughput sequencing, with a mean length of 136 nt. enrichment in viral sequences suggested that at least three viruses were present in quail samples. coronavirus and picornavirus were identified and are known as pathogens causing quail enteritis that match the observed morphology. abundant reads of coronavirus from quail s ... | 2021 | 34339120 |
| transcriptome analysis of primary chicken cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus strain k047-12 isolated in korea. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), an avian coronavirus, is highly contagious. chickens with ibv infection develop acute pathogenesis in multiple organs, including the respiratory and urogenital tracts. frequent recombination in the spike (s) glycoprotein gene has made vaccine strategies ineffective. to understand ibv pathogenesis, we analyzed the genetic distance between korean ibv isolates and other coronaviruses, including sars-cov-2. to obtain comprehensive information about early immune res ... | 2021 | 34089367 |
| design and characterization of a dna vaccine based on spike with consensus nucleotide sequence against infectious bronchitis virus. | avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes severe economic losses in the poultry industry, but its control is hampered by the continuous emergence of new genotypes and the lack of cross-protection among different ibv genotypes. we designed a new immunogen based on a spike with the consensus nucleotide sequence (s_con) that may overcome the extraordinary genetic diversity of ibv. s_con was cloned into a pvax1 vector to form a new ibv dna vaccine, pv-s_con. pv-s_con could be correc ... | 2021 | 33466810 |
| the v617i substitution in avian coronavirus ibv spike protein plays a crucial role in adaptation to primary chicken kidney cells. | the naturally isolated avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) generally cannot replicate in chicken kidney (ck) cells. to explore the molecular mechanism of ibv adapting to ck cells, a series of recombinant viruses were constructed by chimerizing the s genes of ck cell-adapted strain h120 and non-adapted strain ibyz. the results showed that the s2 subunit determines the difference in cell tropism of the two strains. after comparing the amino acid sequences of s protein of ck cell-ad ... | 2020 | 33391226 |
| gammacoronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus and alphacoronavirus porcine epidemic diarrhea virus exploit a cell-survival strategy via upregulation of cfos to promote viral replication. | coronaviruses have evolved a variety of strategies to optimize cellular microenvironment for efficient replication. in this study, we report the induction of ap-1 transcription factors by coronavirus infection based on genome-wide analyses of differentially expressed genes in cells infected with avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). most members of the ap-1 transcription factors were subsequently found to be upregulated during the course of ibv and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ... | 2020 | 33239458 |