| revisiting trpc1 and trpc6 mechanosensitivity. | this article addresses whether trpc1 or trpc6 is an essential component of a mammalian stretch-activated mechano-sensitive ca(2+) permeable cation channel (mscca). we have transiently expressed trpc1 and trpc6 in african green monkey kidney (cos) or chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells and monitored the activity of the stretch-activated channels using a fast pressure clamp system. although both trpc1 and trpc6 are highly expressed at the protein level, the amplitude of the mechano-sensitive current ... | 2008 | 17957383 |
| secondary sexual coloration and csf 5-hiaa are correlated in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus). | identifying indirect markers of the physiology or neuroendocrinology of a primate can provide a powerful tool to scientists. anecdotal descriptions and recent experimental evidence suggests that the colorful sexual skin in adult male vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus) might be sensitive to social changes, including dominance relationships, which could be related to serotonergic activity. the present study examined whether individual differences in scrotal coloration were related to ... | 2007 | 17976039 |
| cytotoxic metabolites from the wood-decayed fungus xylaria sp. bcc 9653. | chemical investigation of the wood-decayed fungus xylaria sp. bcc 9653 has led to the isolation of a new methyl aminobenzoate (1) together with eleven known compounds. the structures were established by analysis of spectroscopic data. cytochalasin d (2), one of the known metabolites, exhibited potent cytotoxicity against african green monkey kidney fibroblast (vero) cells with an ic(50) value of 0.19 microm. | 2007 | 17978529 |
| gene profiling of pooled single neuronal cell bodies from laser capture microdissected vervet monkey lateral geniculate nucleus hybridized to the rhesus macaque genome array. | this report is based on an ongoing study to examine gene expression differences in monkey lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn). here, samples from an old world species, the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops), were cross-hybridized to the rhesus macaque genome array (affymetrix). microarray analysis was performed using laser capture microdissected populations of individual neuronal cell bodies isolated from the lgn compared to heterogeneous samples from whole lamina. our results indicated that cr ... | 2007 | 17996221 |
| isolation and characterization of dendritic cells from common marmosets for preclinical cell therapy studies. | dendritic cells (dcs) have important functions as modulators of immune responses, and their ability to activate t cells is of great value in cancer immunotherapy. the isolation of dcs from the peripheral blood of rhesus and african green monkeys has been reported, but the immune system in the common marmoset remains poorly characterized, although it offers many potential advantages for preclinical studies. in the present study, we devised methods, based on techniques developed for mouse and huma ... | 2008 | 18005037 |
| 4-alkylphenols and related chemicals show similar effect on the function of human and rat estrogen receptor alpha in reporter gene assay. | alkylphenols (aps) are widely used as important industrial materials and have attracted lots of attention because of their potential estrogenic activities. in this study, we developed human estrogen receptor alpha (heralpha) and rat estrogen receptor alpha (reralpha) mediated reporter gene assays and compared the estrogenic activity of aps and related chemicals based on the two eralpha. human breast cancer cell line mcf-7 was co-transfected with gal4-fused heralpha and corresponding reporter pla ... | 2008 | 18028983 |
| rhodanine derivatives as novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists. | to characterize the in vitro bioactivities of rhodanine derivatives as novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (ppar) gamma modulators, based on a hit (sh00012671) identified during high-throughput screening (hts) of a diverse synthetic compound library, and to preliminarily elucidate the structure-activity relationship of this class of ppargamma agonists. | 2007 | 18031620 |
| early divergence in lymphoid tissue apoptosis between pathogenic and nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infections of nonhuman primates. | the events that contribute to the progression to aids during the acute phase of a primate lentiviral infection are still poorly understood. in this study, we used pathogenic and nonpathogenic simian models of simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) infection of rhesus macaques (rms) and african green monkeys (agms), respectively, to investigate the relationship between apoptosis in lymph nodes and the extent of viral replication, immune activation, and disease outcome. here, we show that, in sivmac2 ... | 2008 | 18032487 |
| establishment of canine rna polymerase i-driven reverse genetics for influenza a virus: its application for h5n1 vaccine production. | in the event of a new influenza pandemic, vaccines whose antigenicities match those of circulating strains must be rapidly produced. here, we established an alternative reverse genetics system for influenza virus using the canine polymerase i (poli) promoter sequence that works efficiently in the madin-darby canine kidney cell line, a cell line approved for human vaccine production. using this system, we were able to generate h5n1 vaccine seed viruses more efficiently than can be achieved with t ... | 2008 | 18045936 |
| in vitro testing of cyto- and genotoxicity of new porphyrin water-soluble metal derivatives. | porphyrins and porphyrin derivatives have an outstanding potential for discovery of novel pharmacological agents due to their ability for numerous chemical modifications and a variety of mechanisms of biological effects. new water-soluble ag and zn derivatives of tetrachloride meso-tetra (4-n-oxiethylpyridyl) porphyne were synthesized. cyto- and genotoxicity of these substances were tested in vitro by the vital dye (trypan blue) exclusion and the micronucleus tests, respectively. both metallopor ... | 2007 | 18066965 |
| purification by centrifugal partition chromatography of amphiphilic compounds, glycolipids and pseudo-glycolipids synthesized by using cells. | centrifugal partition chromatography (cpc) was applied to separate amphiphilic glycolipids and pseudo-glycolipids synthesized by using cells. neutral and acidic lipid fractions were isolated by cpc under suitable conditions respectively. separation of neutral lipid, gb3-type and gb4-type oligosaccharide synthesized by using cells, was performed with a two-phase solvent system composed of chloroform-methanol-water at a volume ratio of 5:6:4. on the other hand, separation of acidic lipid, gm3-type ... | 2008 | 18082172 |
| molecular characterization of the first polyomavirus from a new world primate: squirrel monkey polyomavirus. | dna samples from a variety of new world monkeys were screened by using a broad-spectrum pcr targeting the vp1 gene of polyomaviruses. this resulted in the characterization of the first polyomavirus from a new world primate. this virus naturally infects squirrel monkeys (saimiri sp.) and is provisionally named squirrel monkey polyomavirus (squipyv). the complete genome of squipyv is 5,075 bp in length, and encodes the small t and large t antigens and the three structural proteins vp1, vp2 and vp3 ... | 2008 | 18089736 |
| determination of miosis threshold from whole-body vapor exposure to sarin in african green monkeys. | we determined the threshold concentration of sarin vapor exposure producing miosis in african green monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops). monkeys (n=8) were exposed to a single concentration of sarin (0.069-0.701mg/m3) for 10min. changes in pupil size were measured from photographs taken before and after the exposure. sarin ec50 values for miosis were determined to be 0.166mg/m3 when miosis was defined as a 50% reduction in pupil area and 0.469mg/m3 when miosis was defined as a 50% reduction in pupil ... | 2008 | 18096290 |
| mechanistic study of apoptosis induced by high-fluence low-power laser irradiation using fluorescence imaging techniques. | low-power laser irradiation (lpli) can cause cell proliferation, differentiation, or death; however, the cellular mechanisms of these effects of lpli, at high or low fluences, are not well known. to investigate the mechanism of high-fluence lpli-induced apoptosis, both human lung adenocarcinoma cells (astc-a-1) and african green monkey sv40-transformed kidney fibroblast cells (cos-7) were irradiated with a he-ne laser for 10 min under a fluence of 120 j/cm(2) and 80 j/cm(2), respectively. the dy ... | 2007 | 18163831 |
| antibacterial activities and cytotoxicity of terpenoids isolated from spirostachys africana. | spirostachys africana sond. stem bark is used traditionally for the treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery in limpopo province of south africa. bioassay-guided fractionation of ethanolic extract from bark of spirostachys africana led to the isolation of four known compounds, two triterpenoids, compound 1 [d-friedoolean-14-en-oic acid (3-acetyl aleuritolic acid)] and compound 2 (lupeol), and two diterpenes, compound 3 [ent-2,6alpha-dihydroxy-norbeyer-1,4,15-trien-3-one (diosphenol 2)] and compound ... | 2008 | 18191928 |
| cytopathogenesis of naegleria fowleri thai strains for cultured human neuroblastoma cells. | the aim of this study is to evaluate cellular interaction between free-living amoebae naegleria fowleri strains and mammalian target cells in vitro. two thai strains of n. fowleri; khon kaen strain from the environment and siriraj strain from the patient's cerebrospinal fluid and the center of disease control vo 3081 strain from atlanta (us) were studied. human neuroblastoma (sk-n-mc) and african green monkey kidney (vero) cells were used as target cells. each cell line was inoculated with each ... | 2008 | 18214541 |
| immunization with a recombinant fowlpox virus expressing a hepatitis c virus core-e1 polyprotein variant, protects mice and african green monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) against challenge with a surrogate vaccinia virus. | hcv (hepatitis c virus) is a worldwide health problem nowadays. no preventive vaccine is available against this pathogen, and therapeutic treatments currently in use have important drawbacks, including limited efficacy. in the present work a recombinant fowlpox virus, fpcoe1, expressing a truncated hcv core-e1 polyprotein, was generated. fpcoe1 virus generally failed to elicit a humoral immune response against hcv antigens in balb/c mice. by contrast, mice inoculated with fpcoe1 elicited a posit ... | 2008 | 18215116 |
| simian immunodeficiency virus sivagm dynamics in african green monkeys. | the mechanisms underlying the lack of disease progression in natural simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) hosts are still poorly understood. to test the hypothesis that siv-infected african green monkeys (agms) avoid aids due to virus replication occurring in long-lived infected cells, we infected six animals with sivagm and treated them with potent antiretroviral therapy [art; 9-r-(2-phosphonomethoxypropyl) adenine (tenofovir) and beta-2,3-dideoxy-3-thia-5-fluorocytidine (emtricitabine)]. all ag ... | 2008 | 18216122 |
| exploration of the african green monkey as a preclinical pharmacokinetic model: intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters. | the value of cynomolgus and rhesus monkeys to predict human pharmacokinetic parameters has been well established in recent years. however, practical limitations on cost and accessibility can often be a deterrent to obtain data in these valuable species, and the characterization of the predictive power of other nonhuman primates would be useful. therefore, the present investigation was designed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of a test set of marketed compounds in the african green monkey, to co ... | 2008 | 18227143 |
| hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome enters from the apical surface and requires decay-accelerating factor (daf/cd55). | the old world hantaviruses, members of the family bunyaviridae, cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). transmission to humans occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with the excreta of infected rodents. the viral antigen is detectable in dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and, most importantly, microvascular endothelial cells. however, the site and detailed mechanism of entry of hfrs-causing hantaviruses in polarized epithelial cells have not yet been defined. theref ... | 2008 | 18305044 |
| cytotoxicity of municipal solid waste incinerator ash wastes toward mammalian kidney cell lines. | in this study, three municipal solid waste incinerator (mswi) ash wastes-bottom ash, scrubber residue, and baghouse ash-were extracted using a toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (tclp) extractant. these so-called final tclp extracts were applied to african green monkey kidney cells (vero), baby hamster kidney cells (bhk-21), and pig kidney cells (pk-15), multi-well absorption reader analysis was performed to test how the cytotoxicity of the incineration ashes would affect the digestive s ... | 2008 | 18329068 |
| germ cell nuclear factor directly represses the transcription of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta gene. | germ cell nuclear factor (gcnf) is a transcription factor that can repress gene transcription and plays an important role during spermatogenesis. peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (ppardelta) is a nuclear hormone receptor belonging to the steroid receptor superfamily. it can activate the expression of many genes, including those involved in lipid metabolism. in this report, we showed that gcnf specifically interacts with ppardelta promoter. overexpression of gcnf in african green ... | 2008 | 18330480 |
| [molecular mechanism of the inhibitory effect of retinoic acid-induced gene g protein on tumor cell proliferation]. | to investigate the molecular mechanisms of anti-proliferative effect of retinoic acid-induced gene g (rig-g) protein on tumor cells. | 2008 | 18353217 |
| [histological evaluation of platelet rich plasma and hydroxyapatite in apexogenesis: study on experimental animals]. | there are very few data about the effects of endogenous growth factors in vital pulp therapy, and still they are often controversial. the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of platelet rich plasma (prp) in conjugation with hydroxyapatite (hap), as pulp capping materials, to root and periodontium formation. | 2008 | 18365669 |
| lna-mediated microrna silencing in non-human primates. | micrornas (mirnas) are small regulatory rnas that are important in development and disease and therefore represent a potential new class of targets for therapeutic intervention. despite recent progress in silencing of mirnas in rodents, the development of effective and safe approaches for sequence-specific antagonism of mirnas in vivo remains a significant scientific and therapeutic challenge. moreover, there are no reports of mirna antagonism in primates. here we show that the simple systemic d ... | 2008 | 18368051 |
| plasmacytoid dendritic cell dynamics and alpha interferon production during simian immunodeficiency virus infection with a nonpathogenic outcome. | we addressed the role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pdc) in protection against aids in nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (sivagm) infection in african green monkeys (agms). pdc were monitored in blood and lymph nodes (lns) starting from day 1 postinfection. we observed significant declines in blood during acute infection. however, pdc then returned to normal levels, and chronically infected agms showed no decrease of pdc in blood. there was a significant increase of pdc in lns durin ... | 2008 | 18385227 |
| paucity of cd4+ ccr5+ t cells may prevent transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus in natural nonhuman primate hosts by breast-feeding. | simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) persistence in wild populations of african nonhuman primates (nhps) may occur through horizontal and vertical transmission. however, the mechanism(s) and timing of the latter type of transmission have not been investigated to date. here we present the first study of siv transmissibility by breast-feeding in an african nhp host. six mandrill dames were infected with plasma containing 300 50% tissue culture infective doses of sivmnd-1 on the day after delivery. ... | 2008 | 18385229 |
| mucosal immune dysfunction in aids pathogenesis. | the mucosal immune system plays a central role in both the transmission of hiv infection and the pathogenesis of aids. most hiv infections are acquired through mucosal transmission, and quantitative and qualitative defects of mucosal immunity are consistently present in all stages of pathogenic hiv and siv infections. a series of recent studies has emphasized the role of a rapid, dramatic, and largely irreversible depletion of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-based memory cd4(+)ccr5(+) t-cells ... | 2008 | 18385779 |
| human neural stem cells migrate along the nigrostriatal pathway in a primate model of parkinson's disease. | although evidence of damage-directed neural stem cell (nsc) migration has been well-documented in the rodent, to our knowledge it has never been confirmed or quantified using human nsc (hnsc) in an adult non-human primate modeling a human neurodegenerative disease state. in this report, we attempt to provide that confirmation, potentially advancing basic stem cell concepts toward clinical relevance. hnscs were implanted into the caudate nucleus (bilaterally) and substantia nigra (unilaterally) o ... | 2008 | 18394605 |
| interferon alfacon 1 inhibits sars-cov infection in human bronchial epithelial calu-3 cells. | the primary targets for sars-cov infection are the epithelial cells in the respiratory and intestinal tract. the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ace-2) has been identified as a functional receptor for sars-cov. ace-2 has been shown to be expressed at the apical domain of polarized calu-3 cells. in this report, interferon alfacon 1 was examined for inhibitory activities against sars-cov on human lung carcinoma epithelial calu-3 cell line and the other three african green monkey kidney epithelial ... | 2008 | 18406349 |
| multisystemic abscesses in african green monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops) with invasive klebsiella pneumoniae--identification of the hypermucoviscosity phenotype. | invasive klebsiella pneumoniae is an emerging disease of humans characterized by abscesses in the liver or other sites involving bacteria with the unique hypermucoviscosity phenotype. over several months, 7 african green monkeys in our research colony developed abscess formation in multiple locations and succumbed to disease. k. pneumoniae was identified by bacterial culture in 6 monkeys and immunohistochemistry in 1 additional monkey. all monkeys had been housed in, or had contact with monkeys ... | 2008 | 18424839 |
| identification of calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand as a human host restriction to hiv-1 release overcome by vpu. | the hiv-1 vpu protein is required for efficient viral release from human cells. for hiv-2, the envelope (env) protein replaces the role of vpu. both vpu and hiv-2 env enhance virus release by counteracting an innate host-cell block within human cells that is absent in african green monkey (agm) cells. here we identify calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand (caml) as a vpu-interacting host factor that restricts hiv-1 release. expression of human caml (encoded by camlg) in agm cells conferred a str ... | 2008 | 18500349 |
| contamination and effects of perfluorochemicals in baikal seal (pusa sibirica). 2. molecular characterization, expression level, and transcriptional activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. | to investigate the biological effects of perfluorochemicals (pfcs) and to identify biomarkers of exposure to pfcs, this study focused on the effects mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (pparalpha) in baikal seals (pusa sibirica). we cloned a full-length cdna, encoding pparalpha from the liver of baikal seal, which has a deduced open reading frame of 468-amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 52.2 kda. comparison of the amino-acid sequence of baikal seal p ... | 2008 | 18504957 |
| enzootic simian piroplasm (entopolypoides macaci ) in wild-caught kenyan non-human primates. | three species of non-human primates comprising african green monkeys (agms), (cercopithecus aethiops, n = 89), syke's monkeys (cercopithecus mitis, n = 60) and olive baboons (papio cynocephalus anubis, n = 30), were screened for entopolypoides macaci. | 2008 | 18507704 |
| growth and enrichment medium for detection and isolation of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in cattle feces. | detection methods of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) in cattle feces varied in using enrichment media containing different antibiotic combinations. to examine efficacy of a new detection method for stec, three o157:h7 (atcc 43889, 43890, and 43895) and 41 non-o157:h7 (members of the o1, o15, o26, o86, o103, o111, o125, o127, o128, o136, o146, o153, o158, o165, o166, and o169 serogroups) isolates were tested. these isolates were grown in tryptic soy broth for 6 h, and their concentr ... | 2008 | 18522025 |
| embryonic substantia nigra grafts show directional outgrowth to cografted striatal grafts and potential for pathway reconstruction in nonhuman primate. | transplantation of embryonic dopamine (da) neurons has been tested as a therapy for parkinson's disease. most studies placed da neurons into the striatum instead of the substantia nigra (sn). reconstruction of this da pathway could serve to establish a more favorable environment for control of da release by grafted neurons. to test this we used cografts of striatum to stimulate growth of da axons from embryonic sn that was implanted adjacent to the host sn in african green monkeys. embryonic str ... | 2008 | 18522245 |
| high titer growth of human and avian influenza viruses in an immortalized chick embryo cell line without the need for exogenous proteases. | the current method of growing influenza virus for vaccine production is through the use of embryonated chicken eggs. this manufacturing system yields a low concentration of virus per egg, requires significant downstream production for purification, and demands a considerable amount of time for production. we have demonstrated an immortalized chick embryo cell line, termed pbs-1, is capable of growing unmodified recent isolates of human and avian influenza a and b viruses to extremely high titers ... | 2008 | 18524432 |
| role of interferon in the replication of human parainfluenza virus type 1 wild type and mutant viruses in human ciliated airway epithelium. | human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hpiv1) is a significant cause of pediatric respiratory disease in the upper and lower airways. an in vitro model of human ciliated airway epithelium (hae), a useful tool for studying respiratory virus-host interactions, was used in this study to show that hpiv1 selectively infects ciliated cells within the hae and that progeny virus is released from the apical surface with little apparent gross cytopathology. in hae, type i interferon (ifn) is induced following ... | 2008 | 18524813 |
| nosocomial infection of serratia marcescens may induce a protective effect in monkeys exposed to bacillus anthracis. | this study was originally designed to collect data on the natural history of inhalational anthrax in a new nonhuman primate model. an uncontrollable event created a new experimental condition which allowed us to retrospectively evaluate the power of the innate immune system to protect from an aerosol exposure of b. anthracis. five african green monkeys (agms) had intravenous catheters implanted. one catheter was accidentally pulled out, leaving four agms with catheters and one without. all were ... | 2008 | 18538851 |
| codelivery of peg-ifn-alpha inhibits hcv dna vaccine-induced t cell responses but not humoral responses in african green monkeys. | although pegylated interferon alpha (peg-ifn-alpha) with ribavirin treatment constitutes an effective means of treatment for chronic hepatitis c, novel approaches are needed due to the inefficient effects of the current therapy against chronic infection with genotype 1 virus. in this study, the immunomodulatory effects of peg-ifn-alpha on multigenic hcv dna vaccine-induced immunity were investigated in african green monkeys. multigenic hcv dna vaccination with and without peg-ifn-alpha was safe ... | 2008 | 18556097 |
| implication of trim alpha and trimcyp in interferon-induced anti-retroviral restriction activities. | trim5 alpha is a restriction factor that interferes with retroviral infections in a species-specific manner in primate cells. although trim5 alpha is constitutively expressed, its expression has been shown to be up-regulated by type i interferon (ifn). among primates, a particular case exists in owl monkey cells, which express a fusion protein between trim5 and cyclophilin a, trimcyp, specifically interfering with hiv-1 infection. no studies have been conducted so far concerning the possible ind ... | 2008 | 18613956 |
| antigen-forming defective viruses of simian virus 40. | the presence of two kinds of defective virus particles was demonstrated in sv40 preparations obtained by serial undiluted passage in african green monkey kidney (gmk) cell cultures. they were designated t and v particles, respectively. the former produces only t antigen and the latter v antigen in the nuclei of gmk cells, without producing infectious progeny. a tentative method of the titration of each particle is presented. the purified virion preparation obtained by the third undiluted passage ... | 1968 | 18614102 |
| human parainfluenza virus type 1 c proteins are nonessential proteins that inhibit the host interferon and apoptotic responses and are required for efficient replication in nonhuman primates. | recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 1 (rhpiv1) was modified to create rhpiv1-p(c-), a virus in which expression of the c proteins (c', c, y1, and y2) was silenced without affecting the amino acid sequence of the p protein. infectious rhpiv1-p(c-) was readily recovered from cdna, indicating that the four c proteins were not essential for virus replication. early during infection in vitro, rhpiv1-p(c-) replicated as efficiently as wild-type (wt) hpiv1, but its titer subsequently decreased c ... | 2008 | 18614629 |
| further studies on the association of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna with host dna during productive infection. | our previous finding of an association between herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and african green monkey kidney (bsc-1) dnas in productively infected cells has been extended by investigating the influence of the time course, temperature, and multiplicity of infection on the extent of this association. the interaction of host and viral dnas was not only dependent on the concentration of intracellular viral dna, but also upon the particular conditions of infection. an examination of the time co ... | 1977 | 18625492 |
| cell-based influenza vaccines: progress to date. | human vaccines against influenza have been available for almost 60 years and, until recently, were prepared almost entirely from viruses grown in the allantoic cavity of 9- to 11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs. manufacture involving eggs is not sufficiently flexible to allow vaccine supplies to be rapidly expanded, especially in the face of an impending pandemic. other problems may arise from the infections of progenitor flocks that adversely affect egg supplies, and from the manufacturing pro ... | 2008 | 18627206 |
| ecological and reproductive variance in serum leptin in wild vervet monkeys. | leptin was originally thought to be an antiobesity hormone, but increasing evidence suggests that its ancestral role was to mobilize neuroendocrine responses to starvation. research on wild primates is critical for interpreting the high leptin values seen in western human populations and captive animals. this study examined natural variation in serum leptin in wild vervet monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops), testing the hypothesis that serum leptin in vervets varies with sex, adiposity, ecology, and ... | 2008 | 18661475 |
| cytotoxic activity screening of some indigenous thai plants. | the 50% ethanolic extracts from 14 plant species used in thai traditional folklore were screened for cytotoxic activity against a malignant human hepatoma (hepg2) cell line and a normal african green monkey kidney (vero) cell line. the extracts of polyalthia evecta and erythroxylum cuneatum showed potent anticancer activity in the hepg2 cell line with ic(50) of 70+/-3 microg/ml and 64+/-4 microg/ml, respectively. p. evecta demonstrated more selectivity to the hepg2 than the vero cell (selectivit ... | 2008 | 18664377 |
| dengue virus type 2 envelope protein displayed as recombinant phage attachment protein reveals potential cell binding sites. | a method to map the specific site on dengue virus envelope protein (e) that interacts with cells and a neutralizing antibody is developed using serially truncated dengue virus type 2 (denv-2) e displayed on m13 phages as recombinant e-g3p fusion proteins. recombinant phages displaying the truncated e consisting of amino acids 297-423 (eb2) and amino acids 379-423 (eb4) were neutralized by denv-2 patient sera and the denv-2 e-specific 3h5-1 monoclonal antibodies suggesting that the phages retaine ... | 2008 | 18669522 |
| equine herpesvirus infections in yearlings in south-east queensland. | twelve nasal swabs were collected from yearling horses with respiratory distress and tested for equid herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) and equid herpesvirus 4 (ehv-4) by real-time pcr targeting the glycoprotein b gene. all samples were negative for ehv-1; however, 3 were positive for ehv-4. when these samples were tested for ehv-2 and ehv-5 by pcr, all samples were negative for ehv-2 and 11 were positive for ehv-5. all three samples that were positive for ehv-4 were also positive for ehv-5. these three sam ... | 2008 | 18677574 |
| [human infection with simian herpes b virus in africa]. | simian herpes b virus or cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (cehv-1) is enzootic (80% to 100%) in asian monkeys of the genus macaca but is also present in other monkey species. this virus, discovered in 1933, is closely related to human herpesvirus 1 and human herpesvirus 2, responsible respectively for labial and genital herpes. cehv-1 infection is generally asymptomatic or mild in monkeys but in humans it may lead to fulminant encephalomyelitis that has an 80% lethality rate without treatment. infec ... | 2008 | 18684683 |
| scanning electron microscopic study of human neuroblastoma cells affected with naegleria fowleri thai strains. | in order to understand the pathogenesis of naegleria fowleri in primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, the human neuroblastoma (sk-n-mc) and african green monkey kidney (vero) cells were studied in vitro. amoeba suspension in cell-culture medium was added to the confluent monolayer of sk-n-mc and vero cells. the cytopathic activity of n. fowleri trophozoites in co-culture system was elucidated by scanning electron microscope at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h. two strains of n. fowleri displayed well-organi ... | 2008 | 18685867 |
| induction of the drug metabolizing enzyme cyp2d in monkey brain by chronic nicotine treatment. | cytochrome p450 (cyp) 2d6, an enzyme found in the liver and the brain, is involved in the metabolism of numerous centrally acting drugs (e.g. antidepressants, neuroleptics, opiates), endogenous neurochemicals (e.g. catecholamines) and in the inactivation of neurotoxins (e.g. pesticides, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp)). although cyp2d6 is essentially an uninducible enzyme in the liver, we show that smokers have higher cyp2d6 in the brain, especially in the basal ganglia. in o ... | 2008 | 18687346 |
| biochemical changes in cerebrospinal fluid of chlorocebus aethiops naturally infected with zoonotic meningonema peruzzii. | thirty-four wild chlorocebus aethiops monkeys were trapped for research purposes. | 2008 | 18759948 |
| adaptation and characteristics of replication of a strain of avian reovirus in vero cells. | one of six australian strains of avian reovirus was adapted to replicate in an african green monkey kidney (vero) cell line. the cytopathic effect of the adapted strain in vero cells was characterised by syncytium formation occurring 12 hours post-infection, coincident with the production of progeny virus. the virus in vero cells was very cell-associated and longer incubation times were required for titration than in primary cultures of chicken kidney cells. methods for determination of the 50% ... | 1985 | 18766925 |
| experimental infections of baboons (papio spp.) and vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) with trichinella zimbabwensis and successful treatment with ivermectin. | experimental trichinella zimbabwensis infections were established in three baboons (papio sp.) and four vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) and the clinical-pathological manifestations assessed. the infected animals showed clinical signs ranging from fever, diarrhoea, periorbital oedema and muscular pain in varying degrees. one baboon became blind due to the infection. levels of creatinine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase increased to reach a peak on day 42 post-infection (pi) for bot ... | 2008 | 18788211 |
| current status of vaccines for parainfluenza virus infections. | parainfluenza viruses (piv) have been generally disregarded as pathogens in spite of their importance in pediatric lower respiratory illness. because pivs account for 17% of hospitalized illness associated virus isolation, the development of piv vaccine would be a major advance in preventing lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. we will review in detail several piv vaccine candidates and recent newer approaches to piv vaccine development. intranasally administered bovi ... | 2008 | 18820572 |
| development of a piv-vectored rsv vaccine: preclinical evaluation of safety, toxicity, and enhanced disease and initial clinical testing in healthy adults. | medi-534 is a bivalent live attenuated vaccine candidate against human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) that was previously shown to be immunogenic and to protect rodents and african green monkeys from wild-type (wt) hrsv challenge. we performed further preclinical evaluations to address the safety of medi-534 prior to human testing. medi-534 did not predispose rodents to enhanced rsv disease following wt-rsv challenge, and the tissue tropism of the ... | 2008 | 18822334 |
| simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-specific cd8+ t-cell responses in vervet african green monkeys chronically infected with sivagm. | african green monkeys (agm) do not develop overt signs of disease following simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) infection. while it is still unknown how natural hosts like agm can cope with this lentivirus infection, a large number of investigations have shown that cd8(+) t-cell responses are critical for the containment of aids viruses in humans and asian nonhuman primates. here we have compared the phenotypes of t-cell subsets and magnitudes of siv-specific cd8(+) t-cell responses in vervet ag ... | 2008 | 18829748 |
| excretion of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through polarized epithelium by immunoglobulin a. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is transmitted primarily sexually across mucosal surfaces. after infection, hiv propagates initially in the lamina propria below the polarized epithelium and causes extensive destruction of mucosal t cells. immunoglobulin a (iga) antibodies, produced in the lamina propria and then transcytosed across the mucosal epithelium into the lumen, can be the first line of immune defense against hiv. here, we used iga monoclonal antibodies against hiv envelope proteins t ... | 2008 | 18829757 |
| immune defense against pneumonic plague. | summary: yersinia pestis is one of the world's most virulent human pathogens. inhalation of this gram-negative bacterium causes pneumonic plague, a rapidly progressing and usually fatal disease. extensively antibiotic-resistant strains of y. pestis exist and have significant potential for exploitation as agents of terrorism and biowarfare. subunit vaccines comprised of the y. pestis f1 and lcrv proteins are well-tolerated and immunogenic in humans but cannot be tested for efficacy, because pneum ... | 2008 | 18837787 |
| identification of a surrogate marker for infection in the african green monkey model of inhalation anthrax. | in 2001, a bioterrorism attack involving bacillus anthracis spore-laced letters resulted in 22 cases of inhalation anthrax, with five fatalities. this incident identified gaps in our health care system and precipitated a renewed interest in identifying both therapeutics and rapid diagnostic assays. to address those gaps, well-characterized animal models that resemble the human disease are needed. in addition, a rapid assay for a reliable diagnostic marker is key to the success of these efforts. ... | 2008 | 18852240 |
| chemical carcinogenesis studies in nonhuman primates. | this review covers chemical carcinogenesis studies in nonhuman primates performed by the national cancer institute, usa, to provide hitherto unavailable information on their susceptibility to compounds producing carcinogenic effects in rodents. from autopsy records of 401 breeders and untreated controls, incidences of spontaneous malignant tumors were found to be relatively low in cynomolgus (1.9%) and rhesus monkeys (3.8%), but higher in african green monkeys (8%). various chemical compounds, a ... | 2008 | 18941297 |
| whole-body plethysmography in african green monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops) with and without jackets. | indwelling central venous catheters are often used to facilitate frequent phlebotomy while minimizing stress and anesthetic effects on animals. however, nonhuman primates with central venous catheters must wear protective jackets. jackets routinely are removed for aerosol exposure to agents and respiratory measurements by whole-body plethysmography (wbp) because of the potentially confounding effects of jackets on these procedures. however, removing the jacket may dislodge the catheter, making i ... | 2008 | 18947172 |
| cutting edge: experimentally induced immune activation in natural hosts of simian immunodeficiency virus induces significant increases in viral replication and cd4+ t cell depletion. | chronically sivagm-infected african green monkeys (agms) have a remarkably stable nonpathogenic disease course, with levels of immune activation in chronic sivagm infection similar to those observed in uninfected monkeys and with stable viral loads for long periods of time. in vivo administration of lps or an il-2/diphtheria toxin fusion protein (ontak) to chronically sivagm-infected agms triggered increases in immune activation and subsequently of viral replication and depletion of intestinal c ... | 2008 | 18981083 |
| prevalence of antibodies and cell mediated immune response against leishmania major in feral nonhuman primates from kenya. | in kenya, leishmania major is responsible for human cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). natural infection with l. major of a vervet monkey and experimental susceptibility of some nonhuman primates (nhps) from kenya has been established. however, there has been no comprehensive study of the prevalence of zoonotic cl in kenya. and also, no investigation has been done to assess whether nhps could be potential reservoir hosts of l. major even when the involvement of reservoir animals is obligatory in tran ... | 2009 | 18983806 |
| porcine platelet lysate as a supplement for animal cell culture. | a novel supplementation of cell growth media based on a porcine platelet lysate was developed for culture of animal-derived cells. the platelet lysate was produced from porcine blood and contained lysate of platelets and plasma components. it showed satisfactory microbiological integrity and it carried only low amount of endotoxins (<10 eu/ml). the porcine platelet lysate supported well proliferation of vero (african green monkey transformed kidney epithelial cells), chinese hamster ovary (cho) ... | 2007 | 19002989 |
| dna vaccine encoding chimeric protein encompassing epitopes of human zp3 and zp4: immunogenicity and characterization of antibodies. | immunization with zona pellucida (zp) glycoproteins leads to curtailment of fertility often associated with ovarian dysfunction. to avoid ovarian dysfunction, synthetic peptides corresponding to zp glycoproteins have been proposed as candidate immunogens. in the present study, plasmid dna encoding a human zp glycoprotein-3 (zp3) epitope corresponding to amino acid (aa) residues 334-343 and a human zp glycoprotein-4 (zp4) epitope corresponding to aa residues 251-273 separated by a triglycine spac ... | 2009 | 19004505 |
| plaque assay for human coronavirus nl63 using human colon carcinoma cells. | coronaviruses cause a broad range of diseases in animals and humans. human coronavirus (hcov) nl63 is associated with up to 10% of common colds. viral plaque assays enable the characterization of virus infectivity and allow for purifying virus stock solutions. they are essential for drug screening. hitherto used cell cultures for hcov-nl63 show low levels of virus replication and weak and diffuse cytopathogenic effects. it has not yet been possible to establish practicable plaque assays for this ... | 2008 | 19014487 |
| growth and maintenance of vero cell lines. | vero cells are derived from the kidney of an african green monkey, and are one of the more commonly used mammalian continuous cell lines in microbiology and molecular and cell biology research. this unit includes protocols for the growth and maintenance of vero cell lines in a research laboratory setting. | 2008 | 19016439 |
| quantitative evaluation of mptp-treated nonhuman parkinsonian primates in the hallway task. | parkinson's disease (pd) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. an experimental model of this disease is produced in nonhuman primates by the administration of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp). in this work, we put forward a new quantitative evaluation method that uses video recordings to measure the displacement, gate, gross and fine motor performance of freely moving subjects. four vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were trained in a behavioral obse ... | 2009 | 19022292 |
| palladium(ii) binding to n(7) of acyclovir: dna interaction and herpes simplex virus (hsv-1) inhibitory activity. | cytotoxicity and herpes simplex virus (hsv-1) inhibitory activity of acyclovir (acv), 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine, and the palladium(ii) coordination complex cis-[pdcl(2)(h(2)o)(n7-acv)] x acv x xh(2)o have been tested in african green monkey kidney (vero line) epithelial cell cultures. the n(7) position of acv represents the preferred binding site to afford a pseudo-chelate n7/o6 pd(ii) complex involving h-bonds with the cis h(2)o molecule. the pd(ii)-acv complex has been structurally ch ... | 2009 | 19022504 |
| the beta1-adrenergic receptor mediates extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation via galphas. | beta-adrenergic receptors can activate extracellular signal-regulated kinases (erks) via different mechanisms. in this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of beta1-adrenergic receptor (beta1ar)-mediated erk activation in african green monkey kidney cos-7 cells. treatment of cells with isoproterenol (iso), a beta1ar selective agonist, induced phosphorylation of erk1/2 in a dose-dependent manner. iso-stimulated erk phosphorylation was not influenced by the gbetagamma inhibitor, betaar k ... | 2010 | 19037712 |
| early divergence in neutrophil apoptosis between pathogenic and nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infections of nonhuman primates. | we used pathogenic and nonpathogenic simian models of siv infection of chinese and indian rhesus macaque (rms) and african green monkeys (agms), respectively, to investigate the relationship between polymorphonuclear neutrophil (pmn) death and the extent of viral replication and disease outcome. in this study, we showed that pmn death increased early during the acute phase of siv infection in chinese rms and coincided with the peak of viral replication on day 14. the level of pmn death was signi ... | 2008 | 19050281 |
| after the fire: benefits of reduced ground cover for vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). | here we describe changes in ranging behavior and other activities of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) after a wildfire eliminated grass cover in a large area near the study group's home range. soon after the fire, the vervets ranged farther away from tall trees that provide refuge from mammalian predators, and moved into the burned area where they had never been observed to go before the fire occurred. visibility at vervet eye-level was 10 times farther in the burned area than in unburned ... | 2009 | 19058136 |
| association of bacillus anthracis capsule with lethal toxin during experimental infection. | bacillus anthracis lethal toxin (lt) was characterized in plasma from infected african green monkeys, rabbits, and guinea pigs. in all cases, during the terminal phase of infection only the protease-activated 63-kda form of protective antigen (pa(63)) and the residual 20-kda fragment (pa(20)) were detected in the plasma. no uncut pa with a molecular mass of 83 kda was detected in plasma from toxemic animals during the terminal stage of infection. pa(63) was largely associated with lethal factor ... | 2009 | 19064632 |
| efficacy of the novel diamidine compound 2,5-bis(4-amidinophenyl)- furan-bis-o-methlylamidoxime (pafuramidine, db289) against trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense infection in vervet monkeys after oral administration. | owing to the lack of oral drugs for human african trypanosomiasis, patients have to be hospitalized for 10 to 30 days to facilitate treatment with parenterally administered medicines. the efficacy of a novel orally administered prodrug, 2,5-bis(4-amidinophenyl)-furan-bis-o-methlylamidoxime (pafuramidine, db289), was tested in the vervet monkey (chlorocebus [cercopithecus] aethiops) model of sleeping sickness. five groups of three animals each were infected intravenously with 10(4) trypanosoma br ... | 2009 | 19064893 |
| inhibition of host cell apoptosis by eimeria bovis sporozoites. | sophisticated evasion strategies of obligate intracellular parasites, in particular prevention of host cell apoptosis, are necessary to ensure successful replication. to study the ability of eimeria bovis in this regard, in vitro experiments were performed applying bovine foetal gastrointestinal cells (bfgc), bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells (buvec) and african green monkey kidney cells (vero) as host cells. buvec and bfgc allow maturation of sporozoites to macromeronts, in vero cells spo ... | 2009 | 19070962 |
| cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity of trichothecene macrolides from myrothecium gramminum. | (1)h-nmr guided fractionation of the etoac extract from the culture of myrothecium gramminum (strain no. 3.1968) led to the isolation of eight cytotoxic trichothecene macrolides ( 1 - 8), all being substantially inhibitory against hepg2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) and kb (human nasopharynyeal epidermoid tumor) cell lines with ic (50) values ranging from 2.2 to 12.2 mug/ml. their inactivity to or weaker action on vero cells (ic (50) values > 20 microg/ml, originated from the african green mo ... | 2009 | 19097001 |
| gag p27-specific b- and t-cell responses in simian immunodeficiency virus sivagm-infected african green monkeys. | nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus sivagm infection of african green monkeys (agms) is characterized by the absence of a robust antibody response against gag p27. to determine if this is accompanied by a selective loss of t-cell responses to gag p27, we studied cd4(+) and cd8(+) t-cell responses against gag p27 and other sivagm antigens in the peripheral blood and lymph nodes of acutely and chronically infected agms. our data show that agms can mount a t-cell response against gag p27, i ... | 2009 | 19109377 |
| regulation of apobec3 proteins by a novel yxxl motif in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vif and simian immunodeficiency virus sivagm vif. | the apobec3 cytidine deaminases are potent antiviral factors that restrict the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). in hiv-1-infected cd4+ t cells, the viral accessory protein vif binds to apobec3g (a3g), apobec3f (a3f), and apobec3c (a3c) and targets these proteins for polyubiquitination by forming an e3 ubiquitin ligase with cullin 5. previous studies identified regions of hiv-1 vif, 40yrhhy44 and 12qvdrmr17, which are important for interaction with a3g and a3f, respecti ... | 2009 | 19109396 |
| ductal plate malformation in a nonhuman primate. | during necropsy of a 6-year-old, male african green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops), multifocal pale, white to tan areas, 1-2 cm in diameter, were noted in the right lateral lobe, medial lobe, and capsular surface of the liver. light microscopic examination of the liver revealed numerous spindle cells dispersed within interconnecting, broad bands of collagen, up to 200 microm in width, which often spanned and connected portal areas. a diagnosis of hepatic ductal plate malformation, most closely ... | 2009 | 19112121 |
| advantages of cos-1 monkey kidney epithelial cells as packaging host for small-volume production of high-quality recombinant lentiviruses. | the hek293t human embryonic kidney cells have been used widely as a packaging host for transfection-based production of recombinant lentiviruses. the present study describes advantages of using cos-1 african green monkey kidney cells versus hek293t cells as a packaging host for small-volume production of high-quality recombinant lentiviruses. the particle performance index, defined as the ratio of infection-competent viral particles to the total number of particles, was three- to four-fold great ... | 2009 | 19118578 |
| stabilizing effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on kv1.5 channel protein expressed in mammalian cells. | we investigated the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic acid (dha) on the stability of kv1.5 channel protein. the expression and function of kv1.5 (kv1.5-flag) in transfected african green monkey kidney fibroblast cells as well as rat atrium were estimated by immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and patch-clamp techniques. both epa and dha immediately blocked kv1.5 channel current in a dose-dependent manner, accompanied by reduction of their phosphorylat ... | 2009 | 19121632 |
| brainmaps.org - interactive high-resolution digital brain atlases and virtual microscopy. | brainmaps.org is an interactive high-resolution digital brain atlas and virtual microscope that is based on over 20 million megapixels of scanned images of serial sections of both primate and non-primate brains and that is integrated with a high-speed database for querying and retrieving data about brain structure and function over the internet. complete brain datasets for various species, including homo sapiens, macaca mulatta, chlorocebus aethiops, felis catus, mus musculus, rattus norvegicus, ... | 2008 | 19129928 |
| low-power laser irradiation promotes cell proliferation by activating pi3k/akt pathway. | low-power laser irradiation (lpli) can stimulate cell proliferation through a wide network of signals. akt is an important protein kinase in modulating cell proliferation. in this study, using real-time single-cell analysis, we investigated the activity of akt and its effects on cell proliferation induced by lpli in african green monkey sv40-transformed kidney fibroblast cells (cos-7). we utilized a recombinant fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret) akt probe (bkar) to dynamically detect ... | 2009 | 19142866 |
| selective delipidation of plasma hdl enhances reverse cholesterol transport in vivo. | uptake of cholesterol from peripheral cells by nascent small hdl circulating in plasma is necessary to prevent atherosclerosis. this process, termed reverse cholesterol transport, produces larger cholesterol-rich hdl that transfers its cholesterol to the liver facilitating excretion. most hdl in plasma is cholesterol-rich. we demonstrate that treating plasma with a novel selective delipidation procedure converts large to small hdl [hdl-selectively delipidated (hdl-sdl)]. hdl-sdl contains several ... | 2009 | 19144994 |
| african non human primates infected by siv - why don't they get sick? lessons from studies on the early phase of non-pathogenic siv infection. | african non human primates are natural hosts of siv. the infection is generally non-pathogenic despite high steady-state levels of plasma viral rna that in hiv-1 and sivmac infections are associated with progression towards aids. the viral loads in the gut also are as high as in pathogenic hiv-1/sivmac infections; but replication levels are lower in peripheral lymph nodes of chronically infected african green monkeys. there is a transient loss of cd4(+) t cells in the blood in sivagm and sivsm i ... | 2009 | 19149553 |
| aids in african nonhuman primate hosts of sivs: a new paradigm of siv infection. | it is generally considered that african nonhuman primates (nhps) do not progress to aids. in the wild, due to either a shorter life span or an insufficient follow-up of the animals, no aids cases were described to date. however, in captivity, at least one case of immunodeficiency was reported for each of the currently available models of natural infection (african green monkey, sooty mangabey and mandrill). furthermore, experimental infection of three other african nhp species, the black mangabe ... | 2009 | 19149555 |
| cassane diterpenes from caesalpinia bonduc. | three cassane diterpene hemiketals, caesalpinolide-c, caesalpinolide-d, caesalpinolide-e and one cassane furanoditerpene were isolated from caesalpinia bonduc. the molecular structures were elucidated using nmr spectroscopy in combination with ir, uv and mass spectral data and relative stereochemistries were determined through roesy correlation. the isolated compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activity against mcf-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), du145 (prostate carcinoma), c33a (cervica ... | 2009 | 19155029 |
| ic-51, an injectable vaccine for the prevention of japanese encephalitis virus infection. | the mosquito-borne japanese encephalitis (je) virus is the major etiological agent of viral encephalitis in children living in south-east asia, causing comas, seizures and parkinson's disease-like movement disorders. travelers and military personnel visiting the region are also highly susceptible to the disease. as the population in south-east asia increases, more land is irrigated to produce rice paddies (the ideal breeding habitat for mosquitoes), and pig breeding (a zoonotic host for mosquito ... | 2009 | 19169964 |
| heterochrony and cross-species intersensory matching by infant vervet monkeys. | understanding the evolutionary origins of a phenotype requires understanding the relationship between ontogenetic and phylogenetic processes. human infants have been shown to undergo a process of perceptual narrowing during their first year of life, whereby their intersensory ability to match the faces and voices of another species declines as they get older. we investigated the evolutionary origins of this behavioral phenotype by examining whether or not this developmental process occurs in non ... | 2009 | 19172998 |
| simian hepatitis a virus derived from a captive rhesus monkey in india is similar to the strain isolated from wild african green monkeys in kenya. | summary: a simian hepatitis a virus (hav) was identified retrospectively in a faecal sample from a rhesus monkey in india, inoculated in 1995 with a faecal suspension from a suspected patient of non-a to e hepatitis. the monkey was in captivity for 2 years in one of the experimental primate facilities in western india before being moved to the national institute of virology, pune for experimentation. phylogenetic analysis based on a partial sequence of the 5' noncoding region placed this virus i ... | 2009 | 19175880 |
| t670x kit mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: making sense of missense. | chronic myeloid leukemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gists), and idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome are associated with pathological deregulation of the tyrosine kinases bcr-abl, kit, and pdgfra, respectively. patients who become resistant to imatinib treatment often develop secondary mutations, the most common of which results in a substitution of isoleucine for threonine at the same location in the atp-binding domain in all three kinases (in kit this occurs at amino acid 670). we soug ... | 2009 | 19176456 |
| selective cytotoxic activity of the marine-derived batzelline compounds against pancreatic cancer cell lines. | pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the united states. the prognosis of the disease is very negative, because the cancer will be usually metastasized by the time a patient manifests symptoms. although combination therapy shows some promise, new drugs to treat the disease are needed. given our interest in finding new therapies for pancreatic cancer, we sought to determine whether the known cytotoxic activity of the batzellines extended to pancreatic cancer cell lines. ... | 2009 | 19209032 |
| species-specific activity of hiv-1 vpu and positive selection of tetherin transmembrane domain variants. | tetherin/bst-2/cd317 is a recently identified antiviral protein that blocks the release of nascent retrovirus, and other virus, particles from infected cells. an hiv-1 accessory protein, vpu, acts as an antagonist of tetherin. here, we show that positive selection is evident in primate tetherin sequences and that hiv-1 vpu appears to have specifically adapted to antagonize variants of tetherin found in humans and chimpanzees. tetherin variants found in rhesus macaques (rh), african green monkeys ... | 2009 | 19214216 |
| transcriptional profiling in pathogenic and non-pathogenic siv infections reveals significant distinctions in kinetics and tissue compartmentalization. | simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) infection leads to aids in experimentally infected macaques, whereas natural reservoir hosts exhibit limited disease and pathology. it is, however, unclear how natural hosts can sustain high viral loads, comparable to those observed in the pathogenic model, without developing severe disease. we performed transcriptional profiling on lymph node, blood, and colon samples from african green monkeys (natural host model) and asian pigtailed macaques (pathogenic mod ... | 2009 | 19214219 |
| critical loss of the balance between th17 and t regulatory cell populations in pathogenic siv infection. | chronic immune activation and progression to aids are observed after siv infection in macaques but not in natural host primate species. to better understand this dichotomy, we compared acute pathogenic siv infection in pigtailed macaques (pts) to non-pathogenic infection in african green monkeys (agms). sivagm-infected pts, but not sivagm-infected agms, rapidly developed systemic immune activation, marked and selective depletion of il-17-secreting (th17) cells, and loss of the balance between th ... | 2009 | 19214220 |
| [cytotoxic properties of diagnostic rabbit sera to enteroviruses specific features and localization]. | hyperimmune rabbit enterovirus-neutralizing diagnostic sera have a pronounced cytotoxic effect on the test tissue culture rd, hep-2, and vero cells and primary renal cells from african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). the specific features of this developing toxic effect, such as reduced proliferative activity and partial cytolysis, were revealed. the time course of changes in the generation of serum cytotoxicity during an immune response to repeated antigenic stimulation of donor animals ... | 2009 | 19253727 |
| stable retinal gene expression in nonhuman primates via subretinal injection of sivagm-based lentiviral vectors. | abstract gene therapy may hold promise as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of intractable ocular diseases, including retinitis pigmentosa (rp). gene transfer vectors that are able to show long-lasting transgene expression in vivo are highly desirable to treat rp; however, there is a dearth of information regarding long-term transgene expression in the eyes of large animals. we previously reported that the simian immunodeficiency virus from african green monkeys (sivagm)-based lentiviral ... | 2009 | 19257835 |
| pathology of inhalational francisella tularensis spp. tularensis schu s4 infection in african green monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops). | tularemia, caused by francisella tularensis, is a sporadic zoonotic disease with the potential to be an agent of biowarfare or bioterrorism. we describe here the gross, histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings in a group of 5 african green monkeys (agms) that received an average inhaled dose of 729 colony-forming units of f. tularensis and died or were euthanatized between days 7 and 11 post infection. clinical changes were evident by 48 hours post infection, and key physiol ... | 2009 | 19276059 |