| glial cells and extracellular potassium: their relationship in mammalian cortex. | simultaneous recordings were made of glial cell potentials and the extracellular potassium concentration ([k+]o) in cat cortex in an attempt to provide more quantitative information about the sensitivity of mammalian neuroglia to changes in [k+]o. a penicillin epileptogenic focus served to generate both transient and sustained elevations in [k+]o, thus allowing measurement of glial membrane potential (vm) at both resting and increased [k+]o levels many times during the same experiment. resting v ... | 1976 | 1276917 |
| differences between leech and mammalian nervous systems in metabolic reaction to k+ as an indication of differences in potassium homeostasis mechanisms. | | 1976 | 1276949 |
| absolute configuration of 3-hydroxy fatty acids present in lipopolysaccharides from various bacterial groups. | the absolute configuration of 3-hydroxy fatty acids has been studied, which are present in the lipopolysaccharides of the following bacteria: phodopseudomonas gelatinosa, rh. viridis, rhodospirillum tenue, chromobacterium violaceum, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bordetella pertussis, vibrio metchnikovii, vibrio cholerae, salmonella spp., escherichia coli, shigella flexneri, proteus mirabilis, yersinia enterocolitica and fusobacterium nucleatum. the 3-hydroxy acids were liberated by strong alkaline hyd ... | 1976 | 1278168 |
| decline of passively acquired antibodies in young and adult rats. | the rate of decline (half-life) of passively acquired antibodies was studied in young and adult rats. there was a wide variation in half-life when varying concentrations of diphtheria or tetanus antibody were administered by intraperitoneal injection; half-lives ranged from 1-2 to 12-0 days in both age groups. when different concentrations of diphtheria and tetanus antibody were administered together by the same route, significant differences in half-lives were demonstrated in individuals of eac ... | 1976 | 1278935 |
| vibrio cholerae non-o1 isolated from ayu fish (plecoglossus altivelis) in japan. | a fish pathogen, vibrio cholerae non-o1, was isolated from diseased ayu fish (plecoglossus altivelis) collected from rivers in eight prefectural districts of japan. this organism was found to have biochemical characteristics similar to those of v. cholerae non-o1, except that our isolates were negative for ornithine decarboxylase. antiserum against an ayu isolate did not agglutinate with the majority of environmental v. cholerae non-o1 isolates, but a major o antigen was common among the ayu iso ... | 1992 | 1280062 |
| antagonism of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity in rat brain by 1-piperonylpiperazine. | the effects of 1-piperonylpiperazine and n,alpha-dimethylpiperonylamine, which are weak inhibitors for [3h]5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) uptake, on 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (mdma)-induced neurotoxicity were examined. the reductions of serotonergic parameters in the rat cerebral cortex produced by multiple administration of mdma (10 mg/kg) were attenuated significantly by coadministration of 6-nitroquipazine (10 mg/kg), paroxetine (10 mg/kg) or 1-piperonylpiperazine (20 mg/kg), but not by n ... | 1992 | 1280228 |
| [experimental study of hyperostosis induced by hypervitaminosis a]. | radiological and histological studies were made on retinoid-induced hyperostosis in rats. vitamin a (va) was administered intraperitoneally in rats for 6 months. hyperostosis was observed in 94 percent of rats administered va and in 38 percent of the control. chondrocytes and vascular proliferation were observed in the attachment of the tendons and in the anterior corner of the vertebral body after 3 months. hyperostosis was observed as osteophytes in the attachment of ligaments or tendons and a ... | 1992 | 1280297 |
| the structure of the o-antigenic polysaccharide from lipopolysaccharide of vibrio cholerae strain h11 (non-o1). | after acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of vibrio cholerae strain h11 (non-o1), a tetrasaccharide was obtained, the structure of which was determined by quantitative and methylation analyses, periodate oxidation, one- and two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy, and fast-atom-bombardment and four-sector tandem mass spectrometry as beta-d-galangro-(1-3)-beta-d-quinac-(1-4)-alpha-d-galangr o-(1-4)-neuac, in which galangro is n-galacturonoyl-2-aminoglycerol and quin 2-amino-2,6-dideoxy-gluc ... | 1992 | 1281098 |
| [molecular cloning and expression of vibrio cholerae lps o-antigen genes in e. coli hb101]. | the chromosomal fragments of vibrio cholerae classic biotype and eltor biotype were cloned respectively with vector plasmid puc18 and b.s(m13+). we got recombinants which could express the lps o-antigen of vibrio cholerae, and the expressed o-antigen expressed had very good specificity and immunogenicity. after analyzing the recombinant plasmids by restriction endonucleases digestion, we found the size of foreign fragments in pmg-301 and pmg-302 were 8.4 kb and 7.6 kb, which were much smaller th ... | 1992 | 1281653 |
| sialyl ligands facilitate lymphocyte accumulation during inflammation of the central nervous system. | combined models of cytokine-induced inflammation in the skin and spinal cord of the rat were utilised to demonstrate in vivo that circulating lymphocytes depend upon sialylated adhesion molecules on their surface for maximal recruitment into inflammatory sites in both tissues. when radiolabelled normal spleen cells were incubated with sialidase from vibrio cholerae or clostridium perfringens, or with the specific sialic acid-binding lectin from limax flavus, prior to being washed and injected in ... | 1992 | 1281823 |
| cell surface characteristics of environmental and clinical isolates of vibrio cholerae non-o1. | the cell surfaces of several toxigenic and nontoxigenic environmental and clinical isolates of vibrio cholerae non-o1 have been examined. the environmental strains, irrespective of toxigenicity, are significantly more resistant to antibiotics and detergents than are v. cholerae o1 strains. the clinical isolates of non-o1 vibrios are as sensitive to a wide variety of chemicals as the o1 vibrios. the environmental non-o1 strains are also less susceptible to lysis when treated with protein denatura ... | 1992 | 1282793 |
| multi-recognition capability of e-selectin in a dynamic flow system, as evidenced by differential effects of sialidases and anti-carbohydrate antibodies on selectin-mediated cell adhesion at low vs. high wall shear stress: a preliminary note. | e-selectin has a "multi-recognition" capability in terms of epitope binding specificity, depending on adhesion conditions (static vs. low- or high-shear stress dynamic systems). specifically, (i) adhesion based on expression of alpha 2-->3 sialylated le(x) (sle(x)) is prominent under static or low shear stress dynamic conditions; (ii) adhesion under high shear stress dynamic conditions does not depend on the known sle(x) species, but rather on lex with an adjacent unidentified sialosyl substitut ... | 1992 | 1282810 |
| purification of aeromonas hydrophila major outer-membrane proteins: n-terminal sequence analysis and channel-forming properties. | four outer-membrane proteins of aeromonas hydrophila were purified and their n-terminal sequences and channel-forming properties were determined. three could be matched with proteins from other species. one was a maltoporin, as its level increased when cells were grown in maltose-containing media, and the channel it formed was blocked by maltose. another was like ompf and ompc of escherichia coli, except that its channel fluctuated much more rapidly. the third protein, which was produced in low- ... | 1992 | 1283000 |
| notes on a light and electron microscopic double-labeling method combining anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin and retrograde tracing with cholera toxin subunit b. | investigations of monosynaptic connections in the central nervous system have been hindered by the lack of compatible markers that can be used at both light and electron microscopic levels. in attempts to determine synaptic contacts between fibers originating in the substantia nigra and neurons projecting to the spinal cord, we have developed a double immunolabeling technique using anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) and retrograde transport of unconjugated choler ... | 1992 | 1283431 |
| serological cross-reaction between intact and chemically modified lipopolysaccharides of o1 vibrio cholerae inaba and non-o1 v. cholerae bio-serogroup hakata. | serological cross-reaction of intact as well as chemically modified lps from o1 vibrio cholerae 569b (inaba) with non-o1 v. cholerae hakata lps, which contain alpha(1-->2)-linked n-acetyl perosamine-homopolymer constituting their o polysaccharide chain, was studied by passive hemolysis test by using their lps as antigen for sensitizing sheep red blood cells (srbc). the n-deacylation of the alpha(1-->2)-linked linear 3-deoxy-tetronyl perosamine-homopolymer constituting the o polysaccharide chain ... | 1992 | 1283438 |
| brain filament proteins in primary cultures derived from chick embryos early in development. | brain filament expression and neurofilament post-translational modifications (phosphorylations) were studied in primary cultures derived from whole 3-4 day chick embryos. after 2-3 days in culture, neurofilament-positive cells formed neuronal aggregates connected by bundles of neurites in a distinctive pattern similar to that observed in cultures derived from embryonal rat brain and neonatal rat cerebellum. aggregates and neuritic bundles were stained with several monoclonal antibodies reacting ... | 1992 | 1283802 |
| [the agglutinability of cholera o-monoclonal immunoglobulins]. | a set of 10 monoclonal antibodies specific for vibrio species and of 5 monoclonal antibodies specific for serovar (ogawa) was studied. these monoclonal antibodies were directed toward v. cholerae o1 antigen in agglutination reaction and on slide plates. monoclonal antibodies agglutinating typical strains of cholera vibrios with titration range from 1: 6000 to 1: 25,000 were selected. ma were revealed to interact with cholera vibrio strains with reduced agglutinability. the set of agglutinating o ... | 1992 | 1284089 |
| travel-associated cholera. | | 1992 | 1285192 |
| [vibrio cholerae can be encountered even at home]. | | 1991 | 1285425 |
| changes in burying behavior during the estrous cycle: effect of estrogen and progesterone. | this study demonstrates changes in cumulative burying behavior during various phases of the rat estrous cycle. low levels of burying behavior were observed during late proestrus. similar burying behavior levels among females tested in early proestrus, metestrus or diestrus and ovariectomized females were found. in ovariectomized females, treatment with estrogen (e) produced a slight, non-significant reduction in burying behavior. in contrast, progesterone (p) treatment resulted in a dose-depende ... | 1992 | 1287686 |
| delayed cerebellar ataxia following falciparum malaria: lack of evidence for antibody mediation. | | 1992 | 1287911 |
| specific chemotherapy of chagas disease: a comparison between the response in patients and experimental animals inoculated with the same strains. | eleven strains of trypanosoma cruzi were isolated from patients with chagas disease in central brazil by xenodiagnosis and inoculation into newborn mice. biological characterization and isoenzyme analysis showed that 6 strains were type ii (zymodeme 2) and 5 were type iii (zymodeme 1). patients were treated with benznidazole or benznidazole plus nifurtimox. mice infected with each isolated strain were treated for comparison with the results obtained in the respective patient. evaluation of cure ... | 1992 | 1287919 |
| recent progress in cholera vaccination. | cholera disease remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the third world. the parenteral cholera vaccine actually used offers only a 50% protection during 6 months. as vibrio cholerae and its toxin don't cross the gut wall, the aim of new vaccines is to prevent the colonization and growth of the vibrio in the jejuno-ileum and to inhibit the fixation of cholera toxin (ct) on its enterocyte membrane receptor. this can be afforded by stimulation of the gut local immune system mainly ... | 1992 | 1288041 |
| cholera associated with international travel, 1992--united states. | | 1992 | 1291009 |
| dental school provisions for hiv-positive patients: should students have a choice? | | 1992 | 1291258 |
| [immunotherapy of human retinoblastoma with rgntf-monoclonal antibody using nude mice as model]. | retinoblastoma in nude mice as an animal model was developed by injecting cultured human retinoblastoma cell line(rb) y79 into the anterior chamber of eyeball. it was treated by direct injection of rgntf-mcab into the rb tumor. ten out of 30 eyeballs with rb inoculation did not develop tumor (32% inhibition) if rb cell suspension was mixed with the rgntf-mcab before injection; whereas in the control, all 40 but 3 eyeballs developed tumor (7%) when rb cell suspension alone had been injected. this ... | 1992 | 1291287 |
| [stable and efficient expression of human interleukin-6 cdna in mammalian cells after gene transfer]. | following reverse transcription and pcr amplification, the human interleukin-6 (il-6) cdna was cloned from total rna of activated human tonsillar mononuclear cells. southern blot showed the presence of specific band, and its dna sequence demonstrated that the fragment was 650 bp in length, spanning the complete coding region and part of 5' and 3'-untranslated regions. the human il-6 sequence seemed to be well conserved. one nucleotide change at 429 position was observed, but this change did not ... | 1992 | 1291290 |
| effect of vibrio cholerae-l-asparaginase on surface structure of splenic lymphocytes. | the surface ultrastructure of splenic lymphocytes and rosetting properties of lymphocytes of swiss mice were studied under scanning electron microscope following transplantation of dalton's lymphoma and ascites fibrosarcoma tumour cells and administration of vibrio cholerae-l-asparaginase. the results were compared to those obtained with the standard escherichia coli-l-asparaginase. the surface structure of the lymphocytes (t cells) following l-asparaginase administration was not so different fr ... | 1992 | 1291463 |
| [bacteriological study of traveller's diarrhoea. 4) isolation of enteropathogenic bacteria from patients with traveller's diarrhoea at osaka airport quarantine station during 1984-1991]. | during the last 8 years (1984 to 1991), 16,639,233 overseas travellers were quarantined at osaka airport quarantine station and 38,326 travellers reported that they were (or had been) suffering from diarrhoea. bacteriological examination of stools from 12,573 persons revealed the following results. 1) various enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 3,669 cases (29.2%) examined. the predominant species of bacteria isolated were as follows: salmonella, 1049 cases; plesiomonas shigelloides, 10 ... | 1992 | 1293222 |
| a common source foodborne outbreak of e1 tor cholera following the consumption of uncooked beef. | in july 1988, an outbreak of cholera with 71 culture-confirmed cases of biotype el tor, serotype ogawa, occurred in a non-endemic area in mae sot district, tak province. fifty-two cases had diarrhea and 19 had asymptomatic cholera infection. no cases died. epidemiological investigation revealed a significant association between cholera infection and the consumption of uncooked beef. increased risk of cholera infection was observed when the incriminated beef was kept at room temperature and consu ... | 1992 | 1293258 |
| features of cholera and vibrio parahaemolyticus diarrhoea endemicity in calabar, nigeria. | the clinical and epidemiological features of acute vibrio diarrhoeal disease were studied in 881 patients seen at the university of calabar teaching hospital (ucth), calabar, nigeria, between january and december 1989. stools and rectal swabs of patients and randomly-selected control subjects were microscopically and culturally examined for the presence of enteric pathogens. households of vibrio diarrhoea cases and matched controls were visited for ecologic studies. of a total of 108 (12.3%) cul ... | 1992 | 1294392 |
| [the first cholera case diagnosed early in the clinical laboratory by dna probe method]. | an alkaline-phosphatase-labelled synthetic oligonucleotide probe was applied to detect the structural gene of cholera enterotoxin (ctx). this dna probe has a complementary base sequence to 30 base of the ct-a subunit. this method was, for the first time, applied to diagnosis of a diarrheal patient. the probe detected ctx rapidly and simply as compared with reversed passive latex agglutination (rpla) and beads-elisa. the cfu minimal dose for detection with the probe was about 10(6-7)/ml. this met ... | 1992 | 1294670 |
| isolation of enterotoxigenic vibrio cholerae non-01 from the buriganga river and two ponds of dhaka, bangladesh. | vibrio cholerae 01 is usually considered the most toxigenic member of the vibrionaceae and v. cholerae non-01 isolated from the environment is non-toxigenic. in our survey of the pollution of some aquatic environments in and around dhaka, bangladesh, we wanted to investigate the toxigenicity of v. cholerae non-01 isolated from water and sediment samples of the buriganga river and two ponds in dhaka, in the rabbit ileal loop (ril) model. fluid accumulation was induced by 18 of 28 live cultures an ... | 1992 | 1296941 |
| [a strain of aeromonas veronii isolated from a patient suspected of cholera]. | investigations were carried on a strain isolated from patient hospitalized in poland. the patient returned from odessa, a region with cholera epidemic. the strain was suspected to be vibrio cholerae, but it did not agglutinate in v. cholerae 01 serum. the aim of this study was establishment of taxonomical classification of this strain, in order to demonstrate whether it is a representative of the non-cholera vibrio group (not agglutinating) or another representative of the family vibrionaceae. t ... | 1992 | 1297030 |
| hemolytic properties of some aeromonas strains. | considering the possible correlation between hemolytic and enterotoxigenic properties of aeromonas strains mentioned in the literature, in the present work we studied the practical value of the hemolysis tests in the diagnosis of aeromonas strains by using comparatively the hemolysis tube tests (with goat and sheep erythrocytes suspensions) as well as the technique on blood agar in aerobic conditions. there were studied comparatively 230 aeromonas strains (different species: a. hydrophila, a. so ... | 1992 | 1297462 |
| [hemolysin from vibrio cholerae eltor: cloning and expression of genes in escherichia coli]. | a 6.56-kb v. cholerae eltor dna fragment encoding hemolysin synthesis was cloned in puc18. the resultant recombinant plasmid pes4h (9.25 kb) was mapped by restriction analysis and shown to express in different e. coli strains as well as in nonhemolytic v. cholerae strains. application of the cloned fragment as a molecular probe revealed homologous sequences in all v. cholerae strains tested independently on their biotypes, hemolytic activity and presence of vct-genes in their genomes while none ... | 1992 | 1298873 |
| lose weight and win: a church-based weight loss program for blood pressure control among black women. | the baltimore church high blood pressure program (chbpp) offers a behaviorally oriented weight control program consisting of eight weekly 2-h diet counseling/exercise sessions. pre- and post-program weight and blood pressure measurements were analyzed for 184 black and 3 white women aged 18-81 years (mean 51) who participated in the program in 1984-1986: 88 were taking antihypertensive medication (rx) and 99 were not (no rx). mean weight loss was 6 lb in both groups: -18 to +7 lb in the rx group ... | 1992 | 1298945 |
| lose weight and win: a church-based weight loss program for blood pressure control among black women. | the baltimore church high blood pressure program (chbpp) offers a behaviorally oriented weight control program consisting of eight weekly 2-h diet counseling/exercise sessions. pre- and post-program weight and blood pressure measurements were analyzed for 184 black and 3 white women aged 18-81 years (mean 51) who participated in the program in 1984-1986: 88 were taking antihypertensive medication (rx) and 99 were not (no rx). mean weight loss was 6 lb in both groups: -18 to +7 lb in the rx group ... | 1992 | 1298945 |
| non-o1 vibrio cholerae enterocolitis in quebec tourists returning from the dominican republic. | | 1992 | 1299428 |
| [dynamics of drug resistance of vibrio cholerae isolated from surface water reservoirs in siberia and the soviet far east in 1976-1990]. | in the study on antibiotic resistance 1383 strains of el tor vibrio cholerae isolated from surface water reservoirs in 12 administrative territories of the siberia and far east within a period of 15 years were tested. the following antibiotics were used: ampicillin, streptomycin, monomycin, polymyxin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, rifampicin and nalidixic acid. the resistance was unstable and its pattern was wave-like according to annual changes in the biological cycle. it was especially eviden ... | 1992 | 1300926 |
| [in vivo and in vitro antitumoral effects of an extract from vibrio cholerae in different murine models. i. effect in vivo of bacterial extract from vibrio cholerae on the development of different murine tumoral grafts]. | a bacterial extract from vibrio cholerae, so called dgz, is shown to prevent transplantation of sarcoma 180 and lewis lung carcinoma. a 4 days dgz treatment (4 x 100 micrograms) triggers reject of the graft by 40% of the mice. the mice which have rejected a graft once after treatment, cannot be grafted lately or, at least, the tumor growth is delayed. the association with cisplatinum (4 x 25 micrograms) allows to protect 90 to 95% of the mice. | 1992 | 1301227 |
| [the evaluation of the vibriocidal antibody test in establishing a diagnosis of cholera or vibrio carriage]. | on the basis of the serological survey of cholera patients, vibrio carriers and persons having had contacts with the source or reservoir of vibrio cholerae the conclusion has been made that the test for the presence of vibriocidal antibodies, together with the bacteriological study of the patient, is of diagnostic importance in the diagnosis of cholera or vibrio carriership. the detection of vibriocidal antibodies, especially in the study of paired sera, permits the detection of cholera cases wh ... | 1992 | 1301665 |
| [leu31-pro34] neuropeptide y identifies a subtype of 125i-labeled peptide yy binding sites in the rat brain. | subtypes of the neuropeptide y (npy) receptor in the rat brain were identified by the use of the selective y-1 analog, [leu34-pro34] npy. in rat brain homogenate binding studies, [leu31-pro34] npy was found to produce a partial inhibition of 100 pm 125i-labeled peptide yy (pyy) binding with a plateau at 50-1000 nm [leu31-pro34] npy resulting in a 70% inhibition of binding. the c-terminal fragment npy 13-36, a putative y-2 agonist, exhibited very little selectivity in rat brain homogenates. scatc ... | 1992 | 1303142 |
| [in vivo and in vitro antitumoral effects of an extract from vibrio cholerae in different murine models. ii. antitumoral effect in vitro of an extract from vibrio cholerae: inhibition of 3ll cell growth and stimulation of murine splenocytes]. | a bacterial extract from vibrio cholerae, the dgz, has been separated into two fractions by gel filtration. the effects of these two fractions and that of the crude extract are investigated and compared by two different in vitro tests. it appears that these extracts exert direct inhibition over the growth of 3ll cultured cells and that they trigger splenocytes in vitro proliferation. | 1992 | 1305896 |
| expression and release of neuroregulators during development: monoamines and neuropeptides. | the turnover of catecholamines (ca) was determined in the adrenal medulla and brain of rat fetuses and pups. in general we found a considerable increase soon after birth. the expression of mrna for ca-synthesizing enzymes was also considerably enhanced in the adrenals shortly after birth. furthermore, we demonstrated increased expression of neuropeptides after birth, increased synthesis of mrna encoding for neuropeptide y in the adrenals 24 h after birth; and considerable activation of the subst ... | 1992 | 1306802 |
| hypoxic-ischemic damage in the neonatal brain: excitatory amino acids. | perinatal brain damage is a major clinical problem. recent studies suggest that excitatory amino acids (eaas) may be important for the development of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the newborn. experimental work demonstrates that the immature brain is hypersensitive to the toxic effects eaa ('excitotoxicity'), hypoxic-ischemia is accompanied by an extracellular overflow of eaas and hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is reduced by eaa receptor antagonists. clinical investigations demonstrate the pre ... | 1992 | 1306803 |
| cytochrome p450-dependent metabolism of dextromethorphan: fetal and adult studies. | dextromethorphan undergoes o-demethylation to dextrorphan and n-demethylation to 3-methoxymorphinan. 3-hydroxymorphinan, a didemethylated compound, is secondarily formed. the o-demethylation pathway to dextrorphan is polymorphic and under cyp2d6 genetic control. adult and fetal studies were performed to characterize the cytochrome p450 families involved in dextromethorphan metabolism and their ontogeny. in adult volunteers in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that the o-demethylation pathway ... | 1992 | 1306804 |
| [the chemical sensitivity of neurons in the medial vestibular nucleus to regulator peptides]. | | 1992 | 1307049 |
| [rheumatic manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)]. | 120 aids patients (mean age 33 +/- 9 years, 108 males) were evaluated regarding rheumatic manifestations. according to cdc's classification, 18.3% belonged to group ii, 28.3% to group iii, and 53.4% to group iv. arthralgia was present in 33 patients (27.5%), and in only 8 could be associated with infections other than hiv (5 cases of tuberculosis, 3 p. carinii, and 1 gonococcal infection). incidence of arthralgia was equal in either sex. arthritis was present in 8 patients, 2 of them with reiter ... | 1992 | 1307073 |
| comparison of dental dimensions between rhinopithecus bieti and rhinopithecus roxellanae. | | 1992 | 1307079 |
| [isolation of vibrio cholerae no-01 in the gulf of nicoya, costa rica]. | in a bacteriological study on samples of bivalves, mud and surface waters from the gulf of nicoya, costa rica, 18 strains of non-01 vibrio cholerae and 50 of v. mimicus were isolated. the samples were enriched in alkaline peptone water, and streaked on macconkey and inositol-brilliant green bile agars. biochemical and serological tests were used for their identification. both species were isolated from all sampling sites (lepanto, jicaral and puntarenas) with either of the two agar media, even t ... | 1992 | 1307117 |
| tetracycline resistant el tor vibrios in loni area. | | 1992 | 1308032 |
| an in vitro analysis of a sustained release system for the treatment of denture stomatitis. | this study investigated the feasibility of a sustained-release delivery system for the treatment of denture stomatitis using four antifungal agents (chlorhexidine, clotrimazole, fluconazole, and nystatin) incorporated into a tissue conditioner (lynal) at zero (control), low, medium, and high concentrations. hardness of all experimental groups increased with both concentration and time, but remained within the range of clinical acceptability (shore a < or = 49). mean tensile strength increased in ... | 1992 | 1308323 |
| inhibitory role of gamma-amino-butyric acid in the rabbit urinary bladder. | gamma-amino-butyric acid (gaba) is an established inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (cns) and it has also been identified in the bladder. we have investigated in the rabbit the effect of gaba on detrusor activity. rabbit detrusor muscle strips were made to contract by electrical stimulation of their autonomic nerves or by the addition of carbachol. the addition of gaba caused substantial inhibition of muscle contraction. gaba acts on 2 classes of receptors-gabaa and gabab ... | 1992 | 1310630 |
| non-o1 vibrio cholerae nrt36s produces a polysaccharide capsule that determines colony morphology, serum resistance, and virulence in mice. | non-o1 vibrio cholerae produced two distinct colony types, designated as opaque and translucent. nrt36s, a clinical isolate shown to be virulent in volunteers, produced predominantly opaque colonies, but translucent colonies appeared on subculture. opaque variants were recovered exclusively following exposure to normal human serum or animal passage. a nonreverting translucent mutant of nrt36s, jvb52, was isolated following mutagenesis with the transposon tn5 is50l::phoa (tnphoa). only translucen ... | 1992 | 1311706 |
| regulation of interleukin-1 receptors on att-20 mouse pituitary tumour cells. | to study the cellular mechanisms of interleukin-1 (il-1) in the pituitary corticotroph, we studied the properties of il-1 receptors on a mouse pituitary acth-producing cell line, att-20. scatchard plot analysis revealed a single type of receptor with a kd (dissociation constant) of 93 pm, and 482 binding sites/cell. [125i]il-1 alpha binding competed with il-1 alpha and il-1 beta in an equimolar fashion. a 24 h pre-incubation with either crh, epinephrine or nor-epinephrine increased the [125i]il- ... | 1992 | 1312014 |
| regulation of interleukin-1 receptors on att-20 mouse pituitary tumour cells. | to study the cellular mechanisms of interleukin-1 (il-1) in the pituitary corticotroph, we studied the properties of il-1 receptors on a mouse pituitary acth-producing cell line, att-20. scatchard plot analysis revealed a single type of receptor with a kd (dissociation constant) of 93 pm, and 482 binding sites/cell. [125i]il-1 alpha binding competed with il-1 alpha and il-1 beta in an equimolar fashion. a 24 h pre-incubation with either crh, epinephrine or nor-epinephrine increased the [125i]il- ... | 1992 | 1312014 |
| in situ hybridization of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase ii and tau mrnas; species differences and relative preservation in alzheimer's disease. | abnormal phosphorylation of the microtubule associated protein tau component of neurofibrillary tangles (nfts) in alzheimer's disease (ad) may result from alterations in protein kinase expression. calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase ii (cam kinase ii) has been shown to phosphorylate tau in vitro in such a way to decrease its electrophoretic mobility. a68, apparently a modified form of tau in ad brain, also shows abnormal phosphorylation and slower mobility than tau. to further examine th ... | 1992 | 1312209 |
| inhibin and inhibin alpha-chain precursors are produced by immature rat sertoli cells in culture. | stimulation of sertoli cells from immature rats with dibutyryl cyclic (dbc) amp resulted in a decrease in the ratio of inhibin biological (b):immunological (i) activities in vitro. to establish the basis for this decrease, culture medium from sertoli cells stimulated with dbcamp was fractionated by dye-affinity chromatography, reverse-phase hplc, and preparative page. two peaks of inhibin activity were identified: a predominantly bioactive 29-kda peak i material (b:i ratio = 5.0) and a bio-inact ... | 1992 | 1312362 |
| a serosurvey of pathogens associated with shellfish: prevalence of antibodies to vibrio species and norwalk virus in the chesapeake bay region. | recent concerns regarding the safety of shellfish consumption have focused on the risk posed by naturally occurring marine bacteria such as vibrio species and by viruses such as norwalk and related agents. despite the widespread environmental presence of vibrio species in the chesapeake bay, the rate of reported infections remains low; there have also been no reports of major norwalk outbreaks associated with shellfish in this area. as infections with these agents may not always be recognized be ... | 1992 | 1312771 |
| the fortuitous diagnosis of cholera in a two-year-old girl. | we are reporting the fortuitous diagnosis of a case of cholera and the unusual failure of the commercial bacteriologic media that led to the unexpected isolation of vibrio cholerae. the case demonstrates the need for communication between the medical staff and laboratory personnel when an uncommon disease, such as cholera, is suspected. this case also alerts the clinician to the possibility of multiple enteric pathogens coinfecting a traveller. | 1992 | 1315232 |
| rapid epidemiologic analysis of cytomegalovirus by using polymerase chain reaction amplification of the l-s junction region. | a technique based on polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification was developed to facilitate the study of the epidemiology of cytomegalovirus (cmv). consensus oligonucleotide primers from repetitive dna sequences were designed to amplify interspersed repetitive sequences in an area of heterogeneity within the l-s junction region of the cmv genome, and pcr products were detected by gel electrophoresis. purified cmv dnas from 25 cmv isolates, 13 from members of five families in which person-to-p ... | 1992 | 1315336 |
| identification of the vibriobactin receptor of vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae produces the novel phenolate siderophore vibriobactin and several outer membrane proteins in response to iron starvation. to determine whether any of these iron-regulated outer membrane proteins serves as the receptor for vibriobactin, the classical v. cholerae strain 0395 was mutagenized by using tnphoa, and iron-regulated fusions were analyzed for vibriobactin transport. one mutant, mbg14, was unable to bind or utilize exogenous vibriobactin and did not grow in low-iron medium. ... | 1992 | 1315733 |
| leukotriene b4 omega-oxidation by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes is inhibited by pyocyanin, a phenazine derivative produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) metabolize the potent chemotaxin leukotriene b4 (ltb4) by omega-oxidation to 20-hydroxyl-ltb4 and 20-carboxy-ltb4. the ability of unstimulated human pmnl to metabolize exogenous ltb4 was found to be inhibited by pyocyanin, a phenazine derivative produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa, in a dose-dependent manner. 1-hydroxyphenazine (1-ohp), a metabolite of pyocyanin, was not inhibitory under identical conditions. the initial enzymic step in the conversion of ... | 1992 | 1316878 |
| expression of yeast cytochrome c1 is controlled at the transcriptional level by glucose, oxygen and haem. | the nuclear gene for cytochrome c1 in saccharomyces cerevisiae (cyt1) was localized on chromosome xv. its upstream region was identified by functional complementation. fusion to the lacz reporter gene on a cen plasmid allowed study of the effect of carbon sources and of specific deletion mutations on expression of the gene in yeast transformants. detailed promoter analysis combined with expression studies in recipient strains defective in regulatory genes identified cis-acting sites and transcri ... | 1992 | 1316998 |
| [prevalence of hepatitis c virus infection in a population of drug addicts and their heterosexual partners]. | this study reports data concerning the prevalence of anti hcv in a population of 166 drug addicts and 25 partners (14 drug addicts and 11 with no history of substance abuse) of subjects proven anti hcv positive. the study was carried out in order to evaluate the importance of the haematic and sexual modes of transmission of hcv. the results obtained showed a prevalence of hcv infection in drug addicts with substantial statistic significance when compared with the prevalence in a population of do ... | 1992 | 1317020 |
| kappa-opioid receptor stimulation abolishes mu- but not delta-mediated inhibitory control of spinal met-enkephalin release. | the possible opioid control through delta, mu and kappa receptors of the spinal release of met-enkephalin-like material (melm) was investigated in halothane-anaesthetized rats. the intrathecal perfusion of the delta agonist dtlet (10 microm) or the mu agonist dago (10 microm) resulted in a marked inhibition of melm release, which could be prevented by the selective antagonists naltrindole and naloxone, respectively. although the kappa agonist u 50488 h (10 microm) was inactive per se, it complet ... | 1992 | 1317026 |
| cloning, sequencing, and transcriptional regulation of viua, the gene encoding the ferric vibriobactin receptor of vibrio cholerae. | a 74-kda iron-regulated outer membrane protein of vibrio cholerae acts as the receptor for the v. cholerae iron-siderophore complex, ferric vibriobactin. mbg14, a mutant of v. cholerae 0395 containing a tnphoa insertion in a gene designated viua, lacks this 74-kda outer membrane protein and is unable to bind or utilize exogenous ferric vibriobactin. introduction of a plasmid containing the complete viua coding sequence and 513 bp of upstream dna into mbg14 restored ferric vibriobactin utilizatio ... | 1992 | 1317381 |
| physical map locations of the trxb, htrd, cydc, and cydd genes of escherichia coli. | | 1992 | 1317384 |
| the occurrence of periodontitis-related microorganisms in relation to titanium implants. | the peri-implant space was examined for the presence of periodontitis-related microorganisms in 19 patients. all patients had been fitted with osseointegrated titanium implants which were clinically sound at the time of examination and all had been prescribed daily 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinse. in 17 patients, two contralateral fixtures in patients were selected, the remaining 2 patients had only one fixture, and associated mucosal clinical variables assessed for plaque accumulation, gingival i ... | 1992 | 1317427 |
| cyclic nucleotide-dependent regulation of agonist-induced calcium increases in mouse megakaryocytes. | 1. the regulatory effects of cyclic amp and cyclic gmp on adp- and thrombin-induced increases in [ca2+]i were studied in mouse bone marrow megakaryocytes. changes in [ca2+]i were continuously monitored in single fura-2-loaded cells using microspectrofluorometry, and cyclic nucleotides were directly introduced into the single cells using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. 2. adp increased [ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent fashion, and its threshold concentration was in the order of 0.01 mic ... | 1992 | 1317440 |
| regulation of pregnenolone synthesis in c6-2b glioma cells by 4'-chlorodiazepam. | an experimental model to study synthesis of cholesterol and pregnenolone from the precursor mevalonolactone (mva) was developed in c6-2b glioma cells. the steroidogenic capability of this cell line and the regulation of pregnenolone production by 4'-chlorodiazepam (4'cd), a specific ligand for the mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor (dbi) receptor (mdr), were investigated. cells maintained in serum-free media were incubated with lovastatin (20 microm) and two inhibitors of pregnenolone meta ... | 1992 | 1317582 |
| sleep deprivation-induced hyperthermia following antigen challenge due to opioid but not interleukin-1 involvement. | eight hours total sleep deprivation does not affect colonic temperature. the combination of a subpyrogenic challenge of sheep red blood cells with sleep loss however, can produce a significant rise in colonic temperature that peaks during the third hour of the sleep deprivation vigil. the regulation of this increase in colonic temperature appears to be opioid in nature and not because of the release of the cytokine interleukin-1. it would appear that the combination of sleep loss and low dose an ... | 1992 | 1317589 |
| the clinical significance of in vitro cytomegalovirus susceptibility to antiviral drugs. | | 1992 | 1317603 |
| some biochemical changes in mouse after in-vivo irradiation of pancreas with ultrasound. | 875 khz continuous wave of ultrasound at 2.5 w/cm2 intensity revealed certain biochemical and enzymological changes in mouse pancreas and liver following the irradiation of pancreas in-vivo for a total of 300 seconds spread over five days. the sacrifice of the animals was carried out on day 0, day 1, day 5 and day 10. blood glucose was reduced significantly with concomitant increase in liver glycogen. glucose-6-phosphatase in liver was decreased significantly while glycogen phosphorylase showed ... | 1992 | 1319155 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of a novel broad-host-range plasmid from bordetella bronchiseptica with sequence similarities to plasmids from gram-positive organisms. | a 2.6 kb plasmid, named pbbr1, was isolated from bordetella bronchiseptica s87. after insertion of an antibiotic resistance marker, this plasmid could be transferred into escherichia coli, bordetella pertussis, b. bronchiseptica, vibrio cholerae, rhizobium meliloti, and pseudomonas putida by transformation or conjugation. conjugation was possible only when the incp group transfer functions were provided in trans. as shown by incompatibility testing, pbbr1 does not belong to the broad-host-range ... | 1992 | 1321324 |
| a homologue of the escherichia coli dsba protein involved in disulphide bond formation is required for enterotoxin biogenesis in vibrio cholerae. | a strain of vibrio cholerae, which had been engineered to express high levels of the non-toxic b subunit (etxb) of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin, was subjected to transposon (tnphoa) mutagenesis. two chromosomal tnphoa insertion mutations of the strain were isolated that showed a severe defect in the amount of etxb produced. the loci disrupted by tnphoa in the two mutant derivatives were cloned and sequenced, and this revealed that the transposon had inserted at different sites in the ... | 1992 | 1324389 |
| a controlled trial of a single dose of azithromycin for the treatment of chlamydial urethritis and cervicitis. the azithromycin for chlamydial infections study group. | currently, there is no single-dose therapy that is effective in the treatment of urethral or endocervical infections with chlamydia trachomatis. azithromycin is a new azalide antibiotic that has substantial activity against c. trachomatis, is concentrated intracellularly, and has a long half-life in serum and tissue. | 1992 | 1325036 |
| 5-ht4 receptor activation induces relaxation and associated camp generation in rat esophagus. | changes in mechanical events and intracellular levels of camp induced by the activation of the 5-ht4 receptor were investigated in the rat esophagus tunica muscularis mucosae preparation. serotonin (5-ht) and 5 methoxytryptamine (5-mot; 5-ht4 agonist) caused concentration-related relaxation responses, while 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-ct; 5-ht1 agonist), 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-amino-propane (doi; 5-ht2 agonist) and 2-methyl-serotonin (2-methyl-5-ht; 5-ht3 agonist) were less active. the ... | 1992 | 1326439 |
| [resistance of vibrio cholerae 0:1 to the 0/129 compound and multiresistance to antibiotics]. | the authors present a study of the in vitro susceptibility to o/129 compound and usual antibiotics of 29 strains of v. cholerae o:1 biotype el tor isolated during epidemics in miscellaneous countries over the world from 1982 to 1991. several identical isolates from the same epidemic are represented by one strain. susceptibility testing by diffusion method and mics by agar dilution method are used. the data show that the resistance to o/129 compound is often associated with the resistance to usua ... | 1992 | 1327350 |
| possible transduction mechanisms mediating the acute and sensitized response to neurotensin in the ventral tegmental area. | | 1992 | 1334385 |
| possible transduction mechanisms mediating the acute and sensitized response to neurotensin in the ventral tegmental area. | | 1992 | 1334385 |
| interaction of rat peritoneal macrophages with homologous sialidase-treated thrombocytes in vitro: biochemical and morphological studies. detection of n-(o-acetyl)glycoloylneuraminic acid. | sialidase treatment of rat thrombocytes led to an increased binding of these cells to homologous peritoneal macrophages, but had no significant effect on the rate of phagocytosis during the experimental time. as revealed by electron microscopy, the partially desialylated thrombocytes adhere to macrophages predominantly via a small part of the membrane in a way that the discoidal cells adopt a vertical position with regard to the macrophage surface. one adherent macrophage was able to bind up to ... | 1992 | 1334832 |
| oligosaccharide composition of the neurotoxin-responsive sodium channel of mouse neuroblastoma and requirement of sialic acid for biological activity. | a glycoprotein, m(r) 200,000, which has the biological activity of the neurotoxin-responsive na+ channel, was isolated from a clonal line of mouse neuroblastoma cells, n-18. the glycoprotein was purified to homogeneity in 18% yield by methods used to purify glycoproteins, which included metabolic labeling of the cells with l-[3h]fucose and binding of the radioactive glycoproteins to wga- and lentil-sepharose, and deae-cellulose. the glycoprotein has biological activity of neurotoxin-responsive i ... | 1992 | 1337866 |
| [strain of vibrio cholerae resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]. | | 1992 | 1341805 |
| [evaluation of household chemical disinfectants for vibrio cholerae el tor (non toxigenic strain)]. | the methodology of microbiological evaluation of disinfectants in permanently being questioned because the laboratorial protocols do not correspond to the real conditions under which these products are used. in 1985 the use-dilution method of aoac was adopted in brazil for microbiological qualification of chemical disinfectants for commercial purposes. domestic disinfectants are tested in this way against salmonella choleraesuis and staphylococcus aureus atcc strains, was chosen for this evaluat ... | 1992 | 1342521 |
| a toxoid prepared from cholera toxin by iodination. | a cholera toxoid was prepared by iodinating purified cholera toxin having an activity of 25 limit of blueing (lb) doses/1 microgram with 0.8 mumol of iodine monochloride per mg toxin, and the residual lesion capacity was tested in mice. the blueing dose (bd) test was strongly positive for the native toxin, and completely abolished in the iodinated toxoid when tested at up to 25 times on lb dose. the dermal microscopic lesions with intradermal doses of 1 microgram virulent toxin presented intense ... | 1992 | 1342838 |
| detection of toxigenic vibrio cholerae 01 using polymerase chain reaction. | | 1992 | 1343655 |
| [evaluation of vibrio cholerae isolation over 10 years in chu fann]. | a retrospective study, concerning ten thousand five hundred and sixty five (10,565) stool samples examined from 1981 to 1990, was done at the bacteriology laboratory of fann university hospital, dakar (sénégal). one thousand and six hundred and eighty (1680) enteropathogen agents were detected (15.9%), five hundred ninety two (592) of which were vibrio cholerae. the quasi totality strains of the vibrio cholerae (99.8%) belonged to the ogawa serotype; they were isolated mainly during the hot and ... | 1992 | 1345081 |
| [preparation and evaluation of coagglutination reagents for the identification of vibrio cholerae 01. its trial during a cholera outbreak in minatitlán, veracruz]. | this study was realized in minatitlán, veracruz during a cholera outbreak. 169 rectal swabs were taken from hilles and their contacts. they were transfer alkaline peptone water for enrichment to v. cholerae and incubated for 8 hrs to 37 degrees c, 70 were positive for v. cholerae in both techniques. the coagglutination was done with a reagent prepared at the instituto de diagnóstico y referencia epidemiológicos of méxico and the culture were also performed in the same institute. we obtained 100% ... | 1992 | 1345312 |
| effect of overproduction of heat shock chaperones groesl and dnak on human procollagenase production in escherichia coli. | the effect of overexpression of the heat shock chaperone genes dnak and groesl on heterologous protein production in escherichia coli was examined, using a set of related human procollagenase proteins. a diverse range of effects on protein solubility, secretion, and accumulation was observed, and these effects were highly dependent on the particular chaperone/procollagenase pairing involved. both chaperones caused a large increase in the apparent solubility of a fusion of the lamb signal peptide ... | 1992 | 1346610 |
| cd2 expression correlates with proliferative capacity of alpha beta + or gamma delta + cd4-cd8- t cells in lpr mice. | the t lymphocytes that accumulate in vast numbers in the lymphoid tissues of lpr/lpr (lpr) mice express a tcr-alpha beta that is polyclonally rearranged, and yet is devoid of surface cd4 or cd8 (cd4-8-) as well as cd2. lpr cd2- alpha beta + cd4-8- t cells exhibit an apparent block in signal transduction, in that when activated they produce little or no il-2 and proliferate minimally in the absence of exogenous il-2. in contrast to the predominant hyporesponsive alpha beta + cd4-8- t cells, we ob ... | 1992 | 1346621 |
| isolation of latin american epidemic strain of vibrio cholerae o1 from us gulf coast. | | 1992 | 1347133 |
| toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 and cargo ships entering gulf of mexico. | | 1992 | 1347134 |
| conservation of an actinomyces viscosus t14v type 1 fimbrial subunit homolog among divergent groups of actinomyces spp. | the type 1 fimbrial subunit gene of the human actinomyces viscosus t14v was used as a dna probe in southern analyses to detect related dna sequences in 16 of 30 strains of actinomyces spp. under conditions of high stringency. the organisms with homology to the dna probe included two human and six nonhuman a. viscosus, three human and three nonhuman a. naeslundii, and two a. bovis isolates. homologous dna sequences were not detected in strains of a. odontolyticus and a. israelii examined in this ... | 1992 | 1347285 |
| fimbriation, capsulation, and iron-scavenging systems of klebsiella strains associated with human urinary tract infection. | thirty-two strains of klebsiella pneumoniae and seven strains of klebsiella oxytoca isolated from urinary tract infections in elderly adults were analyzed for capsular antigens, iron-scavenging systems, and fimbriation. all strains were capsulated. twenty-seven different k antigens were identified among the strains, with no particular antigen dominating. all strains produced the iron-scavenging system enterochelin as analyzed by bioassay and dna hybridization. in contrast, the aerobactin iron-se ... | 1992 | 1347287 |
| symptomatic predictors of ect response in medication-nonresponsive manic patients. | relations between pretreatment symptom ratings and ect outcome were examined in acute manic patients admitted at a state psychiatric center who were nonresponsive to medication. | 1992 | 1347293 |
| il-2 and a contact-mediated signal provided by tcr alpha beta + or tcr gamma delta + cd4+ t cells induce polyclonal ig production by committed human b cells. enhancement by il-5, specific inhibition of iga synthesis by il-4. | to study the role of t cells in t-b cell interactions resulting in isotype production, autologous purified human splenic b and t cells were cocultured in the presence of il-2 and con a. under these conditions high amounts of igm, igg, and iga were secreted. b cell help was provided by autologous cd4+ t cells whereas autologous cd8+ t cells were ineffective. moreover, cd8+ t cells suppressed ig production when added to b cells cocultured with cd4+ t cells. autologous cd4+ t cells could be replace ... | 1992 | 1347306 |
| phenotypic and functional studies on ocular t cells during herpetic infections of the eye. | herpetic stromal keratitis an inflammatory disease of the eye resulting from herpes simplex virus type 1 infection, is a common cause of blindness. the disease is generally considered to represent an immunopathologic response, but the exact mechanism remains in doubt and is subject to debate. we have investigated the nature of inflammatory cells in the eye and have isolated ocular cells to establish their phenotype and determine some of their functions. by means of immunocytochemistry and cytofl ... | 1992 | 1347309 |
| effects of in vivo t lymphocyte subset depletion on mycobacterial infections in mice. | the relative importance of cd4+ and cd8+ t cell subsets in the expression of acquired resistance to systemic infection by mycobacterium kansasii was determined. t cell subsets were depleted in thymectomized c57bl/6 mice by the intravenous administration of monoclonal antibodies directed against the relevant t cell determinants. depletion of the cd4+ subset exacerbated the severity of the infection in intravenously challenged mice. this effect was apparent in the first 2 weeks of the infection an ... | 1992 | 1347311 |