| the effect of digested sludge on the common carp, cyprinus carpio l. | the effects of sewage sludge on the survival of the common carp, cyprinus carpio, were investigated. it was noted that, when the concentrations of the sludge used for rearing carp exceeded 0.6%, the fish died within 42 days, whereas those reared in 0.2% sludge remained alive and healthy during the trial period. the body and the gills of the dead fish were covered by a veil-like film which looked like coagulated mucus and was formed by the heavy metal ions from the sludge reacting with some const ... | 2004 | 419924 |
| [postmortem changes and the anatomico-histologic structure of some organs of the carp]. | | 2002 | 130762 |
| fish muscle energy metabolism measured by in vivo 31p-nmr during anoxia and recovery. | by means of in vivo 31p nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) we measured energy stores and intracellular ph at 10-min intervals in the myotome of unanesthetized carp and goldfish before, during, and after a period of anoxia (1 h for carp and 4 h for goldfish). the fish were mounted in a modified bioprobe, and their gills were irrigated with a constant flow of aerated or anoxic water. anoxia caused a steep decline of phosphocreatine and intracellular ph in carp muscle. after the phosphocreatine store ... | 2009 | 2705580 |
| effect of a teleost gnrh analog on steroidogenesis by the follicle-enclosed goldfish oocytes, in vitro. | the influence of an agonist analog of teleost gnrh [(d-arg6, trp7, leu8, pro9-net)-gnrh; tgnrh-a] on steroidogenesis was studied in prophase-i arrested, follicle-enclosed, goldfish oocytes in vitro. incubation of the follicles with carp gonadotropin (gth) significantly increased production of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (hp) and testosterone following 24 hr of incubation in vitro. concomitant incubation with tgnrh-a (10(-7) m) significantly attenuated the dose-related increase in gth-induced te ... | 2009 | 2689273 |
| effects of locally applied chemicals on transretinal potential and horizontal cells in the isolated carp retina. ii. calcium-chelator. | | 2001 | 98753 |
| identification of new biphasic c-type horizontal cells in cyprinid fish. | new biphasic c-type horizontal cells were identified physiologically and morphologically in the retina of live immobilized crucian carp. these cells, like commonly studied r/g type cells, hyperpolarized to short wavelength lights and depolarized to long wavelength lights, but inverted response polarity at about 560 nm. spectral sensitivities of hyperpolarizing and depolarizing components showed that they were produced by inputs from blue-sensitive cones and green-sensitive cones respectively. th ... | 2012 | 3616599 |
| [organoleptic and microbiological examination of suffocated carp stored under various conditions]. | a process of dead market carp deterioration was studied in relation to conditions of the environment and the fish treatment by organoleptic and microbiological methods. a scheme is presented for fish assessment according to the symptoms of deterioration and the limits of carp storability under the given conditions of storing are determined. the results of the microbiological examination were not in keeping with the degree of deterioration of the fish. | 2002 | 117603 |
| force-velocity characteristics and metabolism of carp muscle fibres following temperature acclimation. | common carp (cyprinus carpio l.), 1 kg body weight, were acclimated for 1-2 months to water temperatures of either 7-8 degrees c (cold-acclimated group) or 23-24 degrees c (warm-acclimated group). single fast fibres and small bundles of slow fibres were isolated from the myotomal muscles and chemically skinned. force-velocity (p-v) characteristics were determined at 7 degrees c and 23 degrees c. the contractile properties of carp muscle fibres are dependent on acclimation temperature. in the war ... | 2014 | 4093757 |
| [effect of a mercury preparation on carp]. | | 2015 | 4562960 |
| skin grafting in gynogenetic common carp (cyprinus carpio, l.). the development of histocompatible clones. | the fate of skin allografts exchanged among heterozygous and homozygous gynogenetic common carp siblings, and among newly developed inbred strains and f1 hybrids, is described. heterozygous gynogenetic offspring were produced by fertilizing eggs with uv-irradiated sperm and by treating the resulting zygote with a cold shock (0 degree c, 45 min). the temperature shock causes retention of the second polar body, which allows the eggs to develop into normal diploid fry. homozygous gynogenetic offspr ... | 1999 | 2326872 |
| urotensin i-like immunoreactivity in amacrine cells of the goldfish retina. | urotensin i-like immunoreactivity (uili), in different localization from that of corticotropin releasing factor-like immunoreactivity (crfli), in the goldfish retina has been demonstrated by means of radioimmunoassay, high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and immunohistochemistry. radioimmunoassay showed 350 +/- 40 pg/mg prot. of uili in goldfish retina extracts. the immunoreactive material present in the retina was also characterized by reversed phase hplc. some of the uili co-eluted wi ... | 2011 | 3295600 |
| pox-like lesions in a colony of carp (cyprinus carpio). | twelve carp (cyprinus carpio) out of a total of 100 were affected with skin nodules, mainly located on the dorsal and lateral surface. post mortem examination of six of the worst affected fish showed the nodules consisting of white gel-like outgrowths. no abnormality was apparent in any other tissue examined. microscopically, the nodules were formed by proliferating hyperplastic epidermal cells. the other six fish were left for recovery and their nodules regressed spontaneously. the possible aet ... | 2012 | 3962147 |
| mechanical responses to linearly rising currents in the red and white muscles of the silver carp. | the mechanical response of the red and white muscles of the silver carp was investigated using linearly stimulating currents. in the presence of tetrodotoxin, the peak tension increased when the rate of rise was reduced to about 0.3 ma/sec in the red muscle, and to about 3 ma/sec in the white muscle, provided that the maximum current applied always reached 3 ma. further reduction of the rate of rise decreased the tension, particularly in the white muscle. low concentrations of caffeine (0.5 mm) ... | 2005 | 1142568 |
| cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons, ciliated perikarya and "peptidergic" synapses in the magnocellular preoptic nucleus of teleostean fishes. | the magnocellular preoptic nucleus of fishes (anguilla anguilla, amiurus nebulosus, cyprinus carpio, carassius auratus, ctenopharyngodon idella, cichlasoma nigrofasciatum) has been studied by light and electron microscopy. two kinds of neurons were found: a) large, electron-dense, gomori-positive cells with moderate acetylcholinesterase (ache) positivity which contain granulated vesicles of 1400 to 2200 a (in average 1600 to 1800 a), adn b) small, strongly ache-positive, electron-lucent neurons ... | 1987 | 174818 |
| hormonal regulation of hepatic glycogenolysis in the carp, cyprinus carpio. | carp (cyprinus carpio) liver maintained normal glycogen content and enzyme complement for several days in organ culture. epinephrine-stimulated glycogenolysis, phosphorylase activation, and cyclic amp (camp) accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner with ec50s of 100, 100, and 500 nm, respectively. these actions were blocked by the beta-adrenergic antagonist, propranolol, but not by the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine. glycogenolysis and tissue camp were uninfluenced by 10(-6) m ... | 2010 | 3032003 |
| [comparative study of vasomotor reactions of perfused gills of 2 teleosts: carp and conger]. | | 2013 | 4261496 |
| conversion of 3 ,7 -dihydroxychol-5-enoic acid to allochenodeoxycholic acid by carp liver preparation. | | 2014 | 4404526 |
| retrobulbar connective tissue in tsh-induced exophthalmos in the crucian carp (carassius carassius l.). | | 2014 | 4230853 |
| electrophysiological measurements of the spectral sensitivity of three types of cones in the carp retina. | the spectral sensitivities of red-, green-, and blue-sensitive cones were measured by intracellular recording in the carp retina. the responses from all cones were univariant, i.e., the waveform of a response to any wavelength and at any intensity could be superimposed on the response to other wavelengths if the intensity was properly selected. red-sensitive cones showed a maximum sensitivity at about 620 nm, green-sensitive cones at about 520 nm, and blue-sensitive cones at about 460 nm. the pe ... | 2014 | 4046238 |
| effects of carp kidney extract and angiotensin ii on adrenal steroid secretion. | | 2015 | 4327075 |
| effects of aspartate and glutamate on the bipolar cells in the carp retina. | | 2002 | 166508 |
| [effect of adrenaline, glucagon and insulin on glucose metabolism in carp: influence of temperature]. | in carps living since 4 months at 6, 20 or 30 degrees c, epinephrine or glucagon injections produce increase in plasma glucose but affect only slightly liver glycogen: lower is the temperature, slower and longer are the effect. insulin injection induces more or less delayed hypoglycaemia according to temperature acclimatization; decrease in blood glucose is accompanied by a slight increase of glycogen in all tissues at 6 degrees c and on the contrary by a very strong depletion of this polysaccha ... | 2002 | 126734 |
| [diploid radiation-induced gynogenesis in carp. ii. segragation according to morphological traits in gynogenetic progenies]. | the character of segregation in diploid gynogenetic progenies of cyprinus carpio with respect to the following three external characters was studied: the type of scale cover, the colour and the design. the genetic formulae of these characters are as follows: the type of scale cover: scaled--(snn); scattered--(ssnn); linear--(s--nn); nude--(ssnn); the existence of design (d--); the absence of design--(dd); the type of colour: light--(li); dark--(ii). the dominant genes n and l exert a recessive l ... | 1980 | 273569 |
| [immunocytology of alpha-endorphin positive hypothalamic fibers of carassius auratus l. and cyprinus carpio l]. | an immunocytological study of the basal hypothalamus of carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio with an alpha-endorphin antiserum shows the different nerve processes belonging probably to the immunoreactive cells of the lateral part of the n.l.t. according to their pathways, two main fibre tracts have been distinguished: many fluorescent fibres converge towards the pituitary gland into which they enter, other fibres run caudally through the tuber towards the nucleus tuberis inferior (baumgarten an ... | 1999 | 97002 |
| functional and morphological correlates of amacrine cells in carp retina. | experiments were conducted on isolated retinas of adult carp (cyprinus carpio) to investigate correlations between photoresponses and morphological features of amacrine cells. the fluorescence dye lucifer yellow ch was iontophoretically injected into single cells which had been characterized electrophysiologically. photoresponses were classified into two main types (transient on-off and sustained), which were further subgrouped into "fast" and "slow" on-off types and into on-center and off-cente ... | 2013 | 3601068 |
| carp growth hormone: molecular cloning and sequencing of cdna. | cdna clones of the fish cyprinus carpio growth hormone (gh) mrna have been isolated from a cdna library prepared from carp pituitary gland poly(a)+rna. the nucleotide sequence of one of the carp gh cdna clones containing an insert of 1164 nucleotides (nt) was determined. the cdna sequence was found to encode a polypeptide of 210 amino acids (aa) including a signal peptide of 22 aa and to contain 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the mrna of 36 and 498 nt, respectively. the carp gh presents a 63% ... | 2008 | 2753359 |
| [effect of two rearing conditions on growth and body composition in carp (cyprinus carpio l) (author's transl)]. | a comparative study was made of the growth and of the influence of seasonal changes on nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism of carp kept in batches in natural ponds. 10 growth is active only in natural ponds. in batches where only industrial dried foods are used, no growth can be measured. 20 activity of ribonucleic and protein metabolism is correlated with seasonal variations of water temperature in both conditions. | 2003 | 1223266 |
| [a dynamic model of the interaction of cones with bright horizontal cells in the carp retina]. | the dynamic model showing interaction between cones and l-type horizontal cells in the carp retina is discussed. the model is based on the intracellular recording of spectral responses of horizontal cells. the model equations describe the contribution of ionic channels to responses of cones and horizontal cells. the model permits predicting responses of photopic l-cells as a function of time. | 2009 | 2812137 |
| isolation and chemical composition of sarcolemmal membranes from carp skeletal muscle. | | 1969 | 223664 |
| the potential of carp to bioactivate benzo[a]pyrene to metabolites that bind to dna. | we have investigated the formation of dna adducts in starved, fed and 5,6-benzoflavone-pretreated carp following i.p. administration of benzo(a)pyrene. 32p-postlabeling analysis of the liver dnas showed the presence of one predominant (greater than 92%) adduct in all three groups. cochromatography experiments revealed that the main adduct was identical to authentic bpdei-dg (10 beta-(deoxyguanosin-n2-yl)-7 beta, 8 alpha, 9 alpha-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene). the formation of the ... | 1975 | 2032212 |
| l-aspartate: evidence for a role in cone photoreceptor synaptic transmission in the carp retina. | a number of putative neurotransmitter substances and their antagonists were applied to the carp retina while intracellular recordings from l-type cone horizontal cells were made. of all the substances tested, l-aspartate was found to be the most potent agent in depolarizing these horizontal cells in dark-adapted, partially light-adapted, and co2+-treated retinas. furthermore, dl-alpha-aminoadipate, an l-aspartate antagonist, blocked the effects of both the endogenous photoreceptor transmitter an ... | 1981 | 217017 |
| uptake, distribution, and elimination of sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate and sodium alkyl sulfate in carp. | uptake, distribution, and elimination of labeled surfactants, 35s-labeled sodium laurylbenzenesulfonate (35s-c12-las) and 35s-labeled sodium lauryl sulfate (35s-c12-as), were investigated in carp exposed to a low concentration level of the respective solutions found in river water in japan by whole-body autoradiography and liquid scintillation counting. whole-body autoradiograms showed that the fish absorbed 35s-c12-las and 35s-c12-as from the solutions principally through gills and that the sur ... | 1984 | 215398 |
| effect of polarisation of horizontal cells on the on-centre bipolar cell of carp retina. | | 1987 | 213734 |
| [electrical characteristics of the granular neurons of the carp olfactory bulb]. | using the intracellular recording technique the electrical activity of the carp olfactory bulb granular cells and secondary neurons was studied. early and late epsp and ipsp were the synaptic responses of granular cells both to the olfactory nerve and olfactory tract electrical stimulation. the comparison of responses of the granular cells and secondary neurons led to the conclusion that the granular cells are interneurons producing post-synaptic inhibition of the secondary neurons. it was suppo ... | 1997 | 1207841 |
| effects of variations in the perfusate on the erg and discharge of ganglion cells in carp retina. | | 1999 | 25193 |
| organization and nucleotide sequence of carp gonadotropin alpha subunit genes. | we have used pcr to amplify and align the sequence of two genes encoding cgth alpha. both genes comprise four exons and three introns. the organization of cgth alpha genes is very similar to that of mammalian gth alpha genes. however, the cgth alpha genes only span a region of 1.2 kb which is much smaller than those mammalian gth alpha genes. | 2003 | 1370380 |
| [parasitofauna of the silver crucian (carassius auratus gibelio bloch, 1783) catched in the carp ponds of the leczyn-włodawa lake district]. | | 2004 | 524892 |
| development of expression vectors for transgenic fish. | genetic alteration of fish is important for aquatic biotechnology as well as for investigating molecular interactions that occur during vertebrate development. the numerous, large, transparent, and externally fertilized eggs of many fish species make them ideally suitable for genetic manipulation, especially for production of transgenic animals. genetic engineering of fish requires suitable expression vectors. accordingly, we developed two fish expression vectors, fv-1 and fv-2, which contain th ... | 2005 | 1366961 |
| [morphofunctional types of synapses in the neurosecretory cells of the carp preoptic nucleus]. | the ultrastructure of synaptic endings of the neurosecretory cells of the nucleus preopticus was examined in adult cyprinus carpio l. two of synpatic endings occur: type i--small agranular vesicles and large granular vesicles, type ii--only agranular vesicles. the functioning of the nucleus preopticus neurosecretory cells in cyprinus carpio l is presumably controlled by the synpatic endings of the adrenergic (synaptic endings of type i) as well as of the cholinergic (synaptic endings of type ii) ... | 2005 | 1231093 |
| studies on the nutrition of marine flatfish. the thiamin requirement of turbot (scophthalmus maximus). | 1. seven groups of young turbot (scophthalmus maximus) were given diets containing graded levels of thiamin (0-19--50 mg/kg) for 16 weeks and their growth rate was measured during this period. 2. good growth was obtained on all these treatments except in the group given the lowest dietary thiamin level (0-19 mg/kg). these fish grew normally until the 12th week but thereafter their weight did not increase. 3. measurements of erythrocyte transketolase (sedoheptulose-7-phosphate: d-glyceraldehyde-3 ... | 2005 | 1201262 |
| the effect of thyroid hormone and glucocorticoids on carp growth hormone-releasing factor (grf)-induced growth hormone (gh) release in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | 1. the effect of thyroid hormone and glucocorticoids on carp growth hormone-releasing factor (grf)-induced growth hormone (gh) secretion was studied on rainbow trout using a dispersed pituitary cell culture system. 2. a combined administration of lower doses (0.01 microm) of 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine (t3) and dexamethasone (dex) significantly increased spontaneous as well as carp grf-induced gh release. 3. lower doses of dex alone had no effect, and t3 had a marginal effect on gh release. highe ... | 2006 | 1679699 |
| scale and bone type i collagens of carp (cyprinus carpio). | 1. soluble type i collagens were isolated from the scale and bone (skull) of lathyritic carp. each tissue collagen was assumed to consist of two different molecular forms, (alpha 1)2 alpha 2 as a main component and alpha 1 alpha 2 alpha 3 as a minor one. 2. the possible coexistence of these two forms in soluble type i collagen of carp was previously observed for skin and muscle, but not for the swim bladder in which only the form of (alpha 1)2 alpha 2 was found. 3. these composite results sugges ... | 2006 | 1764927 |
| isolation of maturational gonadotropin subunits from spotted seatrout (cynoscion nebulosus) and development of a beta-subunit-directed radioimmunoassay for gonadotropin measurement in sciaenid fishes. | maturational gonadotropin (gth) subunits were isolated from pituitaries of the spotted seatrout (cynoscion nebulosus), a marine perciform teleost, by ethanolic extraction and ion-exchange, gel-filtration, and reverse-phase chromatography. partial amino acid sequencing of the n-terminal regions of the alpha and beta subunits indicated 60-80% identities with various carp and salmon gth subunits. the spotted seatrout gth beta-subunit was used as radioligand in a radioimmunoassay (ria) with atlantic ... | 2006 | 1426954 |
| purification and properties of pituitary gonadotropic hormone from indian teleosts: freshwater murrel (channa punctatus) and carp (catla catla). | gonadotropic hormone (gth) from the pituitaries of two widely different indian teleosts, a freshwater murrel and a carp, was purified by solvent fractionation, sephadex g-100 gel filtration, affinity chromatography on concanavalin a-sepharose (con a-sepharose), and immunoaffinity chromatography. elution profile from gel filtration showed three peaks in both cases, peak i and ii were clearly separated in murrel but not in carp. peak ii demonstrated strong gth activity in both murrel and carp but ... | 2007 | 2920895 |
| dendritic morphology of retinal dopamine cells in carp of different sizes. | the dendritic morphology of dopamine (da) cells in the inner plexiform layer of the retina of different-sized carp (8.6-33.6 cm in body length) was investigated by identifying their fluorescent cell bodies in isolated, aldehyde-fixed flatmounts and injecting them iontophoretically with lucifer yellow (ly) under microscopic control. da cells for ly injection were chosen in an intermediate region between the optic disc and the retinal margin, and their spatial parameters (cell density, nearest nei ... | 2008 | 2743560 |
| decoupling of horizontal cells in carp and turtle retinae by intracellular injection of cyclic amp. | 1. horizontal cells are electrically coupled through gap junctions. this is a disadvantage in elucidating the membrane properties of the cells. in order to block gap junctions, adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic amp) or its analogues, dibutyryl cyclic amp and 8-bromo cyclic amp, were ionophoretically injected into horizontal cells of the carp or turtle retina. 2. before injection of the chemicals the input resistance of the cell was so low as to be unmeasurable, because the applied cur ... | 2008 | 2559975 |
| electrical properties of on-off transient amacrine cells in the carp retina. | | 2008 | 2417175 |
| neural pathway for aggressive display in betta splendens: midbrain and hindbrain control of gill-cover erection behavior. | horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was used to identify parts of the presumptive neural pathway for gill cover erection, a behavioral display pattern performed by siamese fighting fish (betta splendens) during aggressive interactions. motor, motor integration and sensory areas were identified in the medulla and mesencephalon. motor neurons of the dilator operculi muscle, the effector muscle for gill cover erection, are located in the lateral and medial parts of the caudal trigeminal motor nucleus. ion ... | 2008 | 2279236 |
| an immunological study of the secretory activity of neurons producing melanin-concentrating hormone in a teleost. | the melanin-concentrating hormone is a general vertebrate neurosecretory peptide which, in bony fish, serves as a neurohypophysial hormone influencing pigmentary changes in response to background colour. young carp were reared for six months in white- or black-coloured tanks to determine how this would influence the development of the neurons producing the peptide. cytological criteria and radioimmunoassay of tissue extracts showed that the background markedly influenced the synthetic activity o ... | 2008 | 2761693 |
| cloning and characterization of a highly repetitive fish nucleotide sequence. | we have cloned and sequenced a highly repetitive hindiii fragment of dna from the common carp cyprinus carpio. it represents a tandemly repeated sequence with a monomeric unit of 245 bp and comprises 8% of the fish genome. higher units of this monomer appear as a ladder in southern blots. the monomeric unit has been sequenced; it is a + t-rich with some direct and some inverse-repeat nucleotide clusters. | 2009 | 2835294 |
| mechanism of the water response in frog gustation: possible significance of surface potential. | the frog taste response to deionized water (water response) after adaptation of the tongue to salts was recorded from the glossopharyngeal nerve under various conditions. it was found that the frog water response exhibits different behavior from the carp water response examined in a previous paper13. (a) the frog water response did not decline during stimulation and lasted for at least 3 min, while the carp water response declined within 10 s after stimulation to a spontaneous level. (b) the fro ... | 2009 | 2786441 |
| induction of xanthophores from non-pigmented dermal cells of xanthic goldfish in vitro. | to identify precursor cells of xanthophores (xanthoblasts), non-pigmented cells without any phenotypic traits as pigment cells were isolated from the dermal tissue of xanthic goldfish with an adult color pattern and cultured in a medium containing 1 mm db-camp or 0.25 u/ml acth and 10% carp serum. these non-pigmented cells differentiated into xanthophores which showed a dendritic morphology and contained a large quantity of fluorescent pteridines and numerous vesicular inclusions. sepiapterin wa ... | 2010 | 3032461 |
| h1 horizontal cells of carp retina have different postsynaptic mechanisms to mediate short- versus long-wavelength visual signals. | vertebrate photoreceptors release neurotransmitter substance(s) tonically in the dark and this release is curtailed by light. recently, we have become increasingly aware of the possibility that short- and long-wavelength visual signals are mediated differently during the synaptic transmission to second-order retinal neurons. the experiment described here advances this notion further by demonstrating a postsynaptic difference. treatment of the carp retina by dopamine reduced the gap-junctional co ... | 2010 | 2924847 |
| [slow potentials of the olfactory bulb in the carp]. | the slow negative potentials evoked in carp olfactory bulb (ob) by some odorants and slow positive potentials evoked by nonspecific irritation (water stream, nacl solutions) of olfactory epithelium have been studied. the slow potentials of both types were not inverted in deep layers of ob and were resistant to blockade of synaptic transmission by manganese ions. the negative slow potentials were not also affected by hypoxia and associated with local increase of ob tissue resistance. positive slo ... | 2011 | 3196780 |
| characterization of the alternative complement pathway of carp. | | 2011 | 3133256 |
| ruffed cells in the olfactory bulb of freshwater teleosts. i. golgi impregnation. | the olfactory bulbs of barbus meridionalis, carassius carassius, chondrostoma polylepis, cyprinus carpio, tinca tinca and salmo gairdneri were examined by two variants of the golgi technique. we report, for the first time, the existence of ruffed cells in these species. this neuronal type shows a characteristic morphology and location. overall, these cells exhibit a generalised pattern, although there are qualitative and quantitative variations between the various species studied. | 2012 | 3503042 |
| microridges of oral mucosal epithelium in carp, cyprinus carpio. | the surface of carp oral mucosa is characterized by various patterns of microridges about 0.3 micron wide, 0.1 micron high, and of various lengths. to elucidate the derivation and function of these microridges, the oral epithelium was examined by light- and electron microscopy. microridges were present only on the surfaces of the superficial cells. therefore, microridges on renewed superficial cells have been discarded, and the various patterns of microridges found on the cell surface appear to ... | 2012 | 3365750 |
| xenobiotic and endobiotic induction of mixed function monooxygenase in carp cyprinus carpio. | 3-methylcholanthrene (3-mc) significantly induces aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (ahh) activity in mature and juvenile cyprinus carpio of both sexes. the degree of induction of ahh by 3-mc in mature fish is significantly lower than that in juveniles and induction in mature males is significantly higher than in mature females. pretreatment with sex steroids (testosterone in males and estradiol in females) significantly reduces 3-mc-inducibility of ahh in both mature and juvenile fi ... | 2013 | 4048925 |
| the respiratory function of gill filament muscles in the carp. | the activity pattern of the adductor muscles of the gill filaments has been determined with e.m.g. techniques and analysed in relation to the activity of the respiratory pump muscles, the respiratory movements and the hydrostatic pressures in buccal and opercular cavities. the gill filament adductor muscles contract twice during a normal respiratory cycle. first during the transition from the contraction to the expansion phase and for a second time at the end of the expansion phase. these two co ... | 2013 | 4001607 |
| [monoaminergic innervation of the kidney of the carp (cyprinus carpio l.)]. | by means of fluorescent-histochemical method distribution of monoaminergic structures has been studied in the sympatho-adrenal system of the carp (cyprinus carpio l.) mesonephros. catecholaminergic nervous fibers are revealed in the walls of adrenal and venous vessels and glomerular arterioles. in the glomerular capillaries they are not found. in the walls of the venous vessels, besides catecholamine-containing nervous fibers, chromaffin cells with long processes running along the vessel are obs ... | 2013 | 3741162 |
| morphology and anatomy of the olfactory organs of a silver carp, hypophthalmichthys molitrix (val.). | | 2013 | 3653815 |
| aquaculture in europe. | the major aquatic species farmed in europe are atlantic salmon, rainbow trout and carp. eels, flat-fish, mussels, oysters and crayfish are also produced. northern europe, with more temperate climates, centers its production around the salmonidae; further south and east eels and various species of carp are farmed. farm systems vary from extensive fishing lakes to highly intensive tank units. drugs and chemicals appear to be reasonably available in europe to fish farmers. three antimicrobials are ... | 2013 | 3617445 |
| [restoration of hepatocyte structure of carp fed 2 synthetic diets after prolonged fasting]. | | 2015 | 4662018 |
| [regeneration of the spermatogenesis of the hypophysectomized cyprid carassius auratus. l. by a highly purified carp gonadotropic factor]. | | 2016 | 4994201 |
| [effect of different methods of heat processing on the amino acid makeup of the proteins of the mirror carp]. | | 2016 | 4780619 |
| [comparative ultrastructure of the brush border of the enterocyte, depending upon the nutritional state in 3 cyprinides: the tench (tinca tinca l.), the carp(cyprinus carpio l.) and the goldfish(carassius auratus l.)]. | | 2016 | 4791998 |
| [hypophysectomy and plasma free fatty acids in the carp (cyprinus carpio l.)]. | | 2012 | 4258237 |
| methods and effectiveness of breeding ropshian carp. communication ii. methods of selection. | | 2015 | 4432117 |
| lateral actions at the inner plexiform layer of the carp retina: effects of turning windmill pattern stimulus. | lateral action from amacrine to ganglion cells was studied in the isolated carp retina by using a truncated windmill pattern (twp). about 25% of ganglion cells of both "on" and "off" center types were suppressed or enhanced in firing activity in response to twp turning. the suppressed cells were more sensitive to slow turning velocities of twp than the enhanced cells. in the "on-off" type amacrine cells, a steady depolarizing or hyperpolarizing component (less than several mv) was maintained by ... | 2013 | 4071996 |
| [a morphometric analysis of erythrocytes and the level of antiviral antibodies in the carp blood at the final stage of the infectious process]. | | 2012 | 3248597 |
| inability of parvalbumin to function as a calcium-dependent activator of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity. | the calcium-sensitive phosphodiesterase-stimulating activity sometimes associated with parvalbumin preparations is due to contaminating (less than 0.1%) amounts of carp muscle cdr (calcium-dependent regulator)-like protein. this protein can be resolved from parvalbumins by sephadex g-75 chromatography and has many characteristics of the cdr. parvalbumin itself causes a nonspecific stimulation of phosphodiesterase at all calcium concentrations which, in the presence of cdr, can cause an apparent ... | 1982 | 220239 |
| cell proliferation in the olfactory bulb of adult freshwater teleosts. | the olfactory bulb of adult specimens of carassius auratus was subjected to an autoradiographic study using [3h]thymidine. adult specimens of carassius auratus, barbus meridionalis, cyprinus carpio and salmo gairdneri were also studied using light and electron microscopy. cells were found undergoing mitotic division with two characteristic locations: a group can be seen near to the ventricle or ventricular recess; these cells can be identified as granule cells or precursors of granule cells. oth ... | 2008 | 2606770 |
| ultrastructural and histochemical investigation of the terminal capillaries in the spleen of the carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | in the spleen of the carp arterial capillaries of a highly differentiated structure have been studied by light and electron microscopy. these capillaries share various structural characteristics with the sheathed capillaries (ellipsoids of schweigger-seidel) of higher vertebrates. the long arterial capillaries of the carp spleen are provided with cuboidal endothelial cells containing filaments approximately 7 nm in diameter. there is no basal lamina. the endothelial cells form various types of c ... | 1977 | 421258 |
| biosynthesis of 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one in the ovaries of grey mullet (mugil cephalus) during induced ovulation by carp pituitary homogenates and an lhrh analogue. | three female mullets received a priming injection of carp pituitary homogenate followed by a resolving injection of an lhrh analogue 24 hr later. ovarian biopsies were obtained just prior to the first injection (phase i), 24 hr after the first injection (i.e., immediately before the second injection, phase ii), and 8 hr after the second injection (phase iii). two fish (nos. 1 and 3) spawned approximately 12 hr after the second injection. serum levels of testosterone increased to some extent duri ... | 2001 | 1783267 |
| host-parasite interface of paratenuisentis ambiguus (eoacanthocephala) in naturally infected eel and in laboratory-infected sticklebacks and juvenile carp and rainbow trout. | paratenuisentis ambiguus is described from natural infections in adult eels and from laboratory infections in sticklebacks and juvenile carp and rainbow trout. in captured eels, female worms kept reproducing in the laboratory for at least 1 mo. in the 3 small laboratory hosts female worms did not release eggs and longevity did not exceed 3-30 days. it is concluded that the small fishes were unsuitable final hosts. worm penetration into the intestinal wall of all hosts was shallow. thus, the smal ... | 2008 | 2614601 |
| effects of morphine and methionine-enkephalin on the smooth muscle tonus and the contraction induced by transmural stimulation in the carp (cyprinus carpio) intestinal bulb. | the effects of morphine and methionine-enkephalin (met-enkephalin) on the smooth muscle tonus and the contraction induced by transmural stimulation were investigated in the isolated intestinal bulb of carp in vitro. morphine (30 nm-3 microm) and met-enkephalin (3 nm-5 microm) caused dose-dependent non-sustained contraction. naloxone (10 nm) inhibited the contraction induced by morphine or met-enkephalin in a competitive manner. tetrodotoxin (400 nm) or atropine (500 nm) did not inhibit the contr ... | 2009 | 2874947 |
| [proceedings: 91. the respiratory activity and cleaning motion of the perfused brain (carp) (author's transl)]. | | 2015 | 4799289 |
| isolation of deoxycholic acid from bile of carp (cyprinus carpio). | | 2016 | 5028948 |
| pyruvate kinase from the red skeletal musculature of the carp (carassius carassius l.). | | 1975 | 235917 |
| influence of quaternary structure of the globin on thermal spin equilibria in different methemoglobin derivatives. | we have measured the paramagnetic susceptibilities of sperm whale azide metmyoglobin and of carp azide, thiocyanate, and nitrite methemoglobin in the quaternary oxy (r) and deoxy (t) structures between about 300 and 90 k, using a new sensitive superconducting magnetometer. we have also measured the pressure dependence of the high- and low-spin optical absorption bands of azide metmyoglobin and of carp azide methemoglobin in the r and t structures between 1 and 2000-4000 atmospheres. at low tempe ... | 1990 | 210801 |
| calcium and praseodymium complexes in solution. 1h n.m.r. conformational study of the model tetrapeptide acetyl-aspartyl-valyl-aspartyl-alanine. | the synthetic tetrapeptide acetyl-aspartyl-valyl-aspartyl-alanine (ac-dvda) is a model of the calcium binding site of proteins such as carp parvalbumin, thermolysin and calmodulin. 1h n.m.r. spectra of the tetrapeptide are presented and assigned for d2o and dmso solutions to determine the conformational mobility. the resonance of the two aspartyl side chains could be completely analysed and the vicinal coupling (c alpha h-c beta h and nh-c alpha h) indicated that the free peptide has considerabl ... | 2014 | 4055228 |
| metal-ion binding to parvalbumin. a 113cd-n.m.r. study of the binding of different lanthanide ions. | 113cd-n.m.r. studies were used to investigate the binding of the lanthanide ions la3+, gd3+, tb3+, yb3+ and lu3+ to parvalbumins. it was shown that lanthanide ions with a smaller ionic radius bind sequentially to cd2+-saturated parvalbumin, whereas those with a larger ionic radius bind with similar affinity to both the cd site and the ef site. the smallest ion, lu3+, does in fact not compete significantly with cd2+ for the cd site in carp parvalbumin, but appears to bind only to the ef site. thi ... | 2013 | 4004793 |
| conditions restricting allosteric transitions in carp hemoglobin. | | 2015 | 4697397 |
| studies on the somatic chromosome of the carp (cyprinus carpio). | | 2015 | 4669386 |
| [the role of the swim bladder in the auditory function of the carp, cyprinus carpio]. | | 2015 | 4463629 |
| histone 3. iv. amino acid sequence of histone 3 of the testes of the carp, letiobus bubalus. | | 2016 | 4700460 |
| [demonstration of a zone adated to ionic transport in the intestine of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l)]. | | 2014 | 4196508 |
| thermodynamic analysis of calcium binding to frog parvalbumin. | the enthalpy of calcium binding to frog parvalbumin (rana temporaria isoenzyme ivb, pi 4.75) has been measured by microcalorimetry. the reaction is exothermic; the heat of the reaction in 100 mm kcl, 50mm tris, ph 8.0 at 12 degrees c is -19 kj (mol site)-1 and -33 kj (mol site)-1 in the presence of 1 mm magnesium. the shape of the titration curve indicates that the properties of the two calcium binding sites are different. the thermodynamic parameters measured for frog parvalbumin are compared w ... | 2014 | 3879254 |
| comparative activities of glycogen phosphorylase and gamma-amylase in livers of carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus). | 1. the activity of glycogen phosphorylase in goldfish liver is fivefold greater than that in carp liver, suggesting that the enzyme may not be as important in regulating glycogenolysis in the latter species. 2. the activity of gamma-amylase is comparable in carp and goldfish liver. 3. the activity of hepatic gamma-amylase is approximately one-half that of glycogen phosphorylase in carp whereas in goldfish, the activity of gamma-amylase is less than one-sixth that of phosphorylase. hepatic gamma- ... | 2002 | 122584 |
| effect of relative immobilization on histochemical characteristics of various fibre types in myotomal muscle of the indian major carp (catla catla) fingerlings. | | 2011 | 3666828 |
| quaternary structure and the geminate recombination of carp hemoglobin with methylisocyanide. | the kinetics of geminate recombination were studied for the methylisocyanide derivative of carp hemoglobin. carp hemoglobin is of interest because it has been established that the fully liganded form switches between a high affinity r state at ph 9 and a low affinity t state at ph 6 in the presence of ihp. geminate recombination was observed on both the picosecond and the nanosecond time scales under all conditions; however, only a small variation is observed in the rates and the yields of gemin ... | 1992 | 2393395 |
| phospholipid content in the compact and spongious musculature of the carp heart (cyprinus carpio). | the phospholipid content of the spongious and compact musculature of the heart of the carp (cyprinus carpio) was compared. the content of phospholipids is higher in the spongious musculature, the greatest difference being in the content of diphosphatidylglycerol: 2.53 mumol p . g-1 wet weight in the spongious layer and 1.29 mumol p . g-1 wet weight in the compact one. in both tissues plasmalogens represent 20-27% of the tissue content of choline and ethanolamine phosphoglycerides. | 2010 | 2932757 |
| effects of acute heat exposure on respiratory metabolism and blood glucose in freshwater fishes, prochilodus scrofa (curimbatá) and cyprinus carpio (carp) acclimatized to tropical winter. | routine oxygen consumption and blood glucose were determined from freshwater fishes, prochilodus scrofa and cyprinus carpio, exposed at high temperatures for 1 hr. prochilodus scrofa had a significantly higher rate of oxygen consumption at 30 degrees c than at 25 degrees c, and carp higher at 25 degrees c than at 30 degrees c. blood glucose was significantly higher for cyprinus carpio than for prochilodus scrofa at 25 and 30 degrees c; however, after exposure to these temperatures for 1 hr blood ... | 2010 | 2858306 |
| morphological and physiological studies of rod-driven horizontal cells with special reference to the question of whether they have axons and axon terminals. | rod-driven (intermediate) horizontal cells were examined in the carp retina to determine whether they bear axons and axon terminals. these cells were injected with hrp after physiological identification of the response type; which consisted of a higher sensitivity to light and a slower response time course than cone-driven (external) horizontal cells, and spectral sensitivity peaking at 520 nm. the labeled cells were further identified morphologically by tracing their dendrites to rod photorecep ... | 2011 | 3819018 |
| salmon gill poxvirus, the deepest representative of the chordopoxvirinae. | poxviruses are large dna viruses of vertebrates and insects causing disease in many animal species, including reptiles, birds, and mammals. although poxvirus-like particles were detected in diseased farmed koi carp, ayu, and atlantic salmon, their genetic relationships to poxviruses were not established. here, we provide the first genome sequence of a fish poxvirus, which was isolated from farmed atlantic salmon. in the present study, we used quantitative pcr and immunohistochemistry to determin ... | 2015 | 26136578 |
| orally administered thermostable n-acyl homoserine lactonase from bacillus sp. strain ai96 attenuates aeromonas hydrophila infection in zebrafish. | n-acylated homoserine lactone (ahl) lactonases are capable of degrading signal molecules involved in bacterial quorum sensing and therefore represent a new approach to control bacterial infection. here a gene responsible for the ahl lactonase activity of bacillus sp. strain ai96, 753 bp in length, was cloned and then expressed in escherichia coli. the deduced amino acid sequence of bacillus sp. ai96 aiia (aiia(ai96)) is most similar to those of other bacillus sp. ahl lactonases (~80% sequence id ... | 2012 | 22247159 |
| a novel lipase as aquafeed additive for warm-water aquaculture. | a novel acinetobacter lipase gene lipg1 was cloned from dna extracted from intestinal sample of common carp (cyprinus carpio), and expressed in e. coli bl21. the encoded protein was 406 amino acids in length. phylogenetic analysis indicated that lipg1 and its relatives comprised a novel group of true lipases produced by gram-negative bacteria. lipg1 showed maximal activity at 40℃ and ph 8.0 when pnp decanoate (c10) was used as the substrate, and remained high activity between 20℃ and 35℃. activi ... | 2015 | 26147311 |
| detection of cyanotoxins, β-n-methylamino-l-alanine and microcystins, from a lake surrounded by cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | a cluster of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als) has been previously described to border lake mascoma in enfield, nh, with an incidence of als approximating 25 times expected. we hypothesize a possible association with cyanobacterial blooms that can produce β-n-methylamino-l-alanine (bmaa), a neurotoxic amino acid implicated as a possible cause of als/pdc in guam. muscle, liver, and brain tissue samples from a lake mascoma carp, as well as filtered aerosol samples, were analyzed for microcystins ... | 2015 | 25643180 |
| identification and functional characterization of the novel edwardsiella tarda effector esej. | edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative enteric pathogen that causes hemorrhagic septicemia in fish and gastro- and extraintestinal infections in humans. the type iii secretion system (t3ss) of e. tarda has been identified as a key virulence factor that contributes to pathogenesis in fish. however, little is known about the associated effectors translocated by this t3ss. in this study, by comparing the profile of secreted proteins of the wild-type ppd130/91 and its t3ss atpase δesan mutant, we ide ... | 2015 | 25667268 |
| enhanced arbovirus surveillance with deep sequencing: identification of novel rhabdoviruses and bunyaviruses in australian mosquitoes. | viral metagenomics characterizes known and identifies unknown viruses based on sequence similarities to any previously sequenced viral genomes. a metagenomics approach was used to identify virus sequences in australian mosquitoes causing cytopathic effects in inoculated mammalian cell cultures. sequence comparisons revealed strains of liao ning virus (reovirus, seadornavirus), previously detected only in china, livestock-infecting stretch lagoon virus (reovirus, orbivirus), two novel dimarhabdov ... | 2013 | 24314645 |