| withdrawn: characterization and antioxidant activities of an acidic polysaccharide from camellia sinensis. | this article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. the publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. the full elsevier policy on article withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy. | 2011 | 22210484 |
| characterization of l-phenylalanine metabolism to acetophenone and 1-phenylethanol in the flowers of camellia sinensis using stable isotope labeling. | acetophenone (ap) and 1-phenylethanol (1pe) are the two major endogenous volatile compounds in flowers of camellia sinensis var. yabukita. until now no information has been available on the biosynthesis of ap and 1pe in plants. here we propose that ap and 1pe are derived from l-phenylalanine (l-phe), based on feeding experiments using stable isotope-labeled precursors l-[(2)h(8)]phe and l-[(13)c(9)]phe. the subacid conditions in the flowers result in more hydrogenation than dehydrogenation in th ... | 2012 | 22209218 |
| ameliorative effect of black tea on nicotine induced cardiovascular pathogenesis in rat. | regarding the role of nicotine in the development of cardiovascular complications of smoking, we investigated whether black tea has a modulatory effect on cardiovascular pathogenesis of nicotine in rat. animals were randomized to control, tea, nicotine and tea plus nicotine groups. test groups received black tea brewed (adding 400 ml boiling water to 10 g lipton black tea for 5 min) orally alone or with nicotine 2 mg/kg/day, s.c. separately or combined for four weeks. on 28th day, lipids profile ... | 2012 | 27418907 |
| oxalate content of different drinkable dilutions of tea infusions after different brewing times. | the aims of this study were to determine the effect of different brewing times and diluting on oxalate content of loose-packed black teas consumed in tabriz, iran. | 2012 | 24688937 |
| aminobenzenesulfonamide functionalized sba-15 nanoporous molecular sieve: a new and promising adsorbent for preconcentration of lead and copper ions. | a rapid method for the extraction and monitoring of nanogram level of pb2+ and cu2+ ions using uniform silanized mesopor (sba-15) functionalized with aminobenzenesulfonamide groups and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (faas) is presented. aminobenzenesulfonamide functionalized sba-15 was synthesized according to procedure in the literature and the presence of organic groups in the silica framework was demonstrated by ft-ir spectra. the functionalized product showed the bet surface area 110 m ... | 2012 | 23513457 |
| analysis of camellia sinensis green and black teas via ultra high performance liquid chromatography assisted by liquid-liquid partition and two-dimensional liquid chromatography (size exclusion × reversed phase). | green and black teas (camellia sinensis) contain compounds ranging from simple phenolics to complex glycosides, many of which have well-recognized health benefits. here, we describe two methodologies aiming to achieve a comprehensive analysis of hydro-alcoholic extracts of c. sinensis. in the first step, the extracts were partitioned in water, n-butanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform to separate the compounds according to their polarity, yielding less complex samples to be analyzed by ultra high ... | 2012 | 22204932 |
| operation 'p53 hunt' to combat cancer: theaflavins in action. | with phytochemicals executing a plethora of anti-tumor mechanisms, targeting the 'guardian angel' p53 appears to be a critical strategy to energize the process of cancer therapeutics. regulation of anti-tumor p53 functions by dietary plant polyphenols particularly black tea and its active component theaflavins has gained immense recognition from the point of view of both efficacy and safety. this review highlights the complexities of p53 functions, molecular mechanisms of its inactivation in can ... | 2012 | 22202062 |
| the effect of black tea on risk factors of cardiovascular disease in a normal population. | a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial determined the effect of mauritian black tea consumption on fasting blood plasma levels of glucose, lipid profiles and antioxidant status in a normal population. | 2012 | 22198621 |
| synergistic antioxidant activity of green tea with some herbs. | cardiovascular diseases, cancer, arthritis, etc. are caused by free radicals that are byproducts of metabolic pathways. selected plants namely vitis vinifera, phyllanthus emblica l., punica granatum, cinnamomum cassia, ginkgo biloba l., and camellia sinensis linn. are reported to produce antioxidant property. this study is undertaken to support the hypothesis that formulation of a polyherbal combination of these plants shows a synergistic effect with green tea. the extracts of each drug were cha ... | 2011 | 22171315 |
| an improved protocol for the isolation of rna from roots of tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze). | tea, a beverage crop, is a rich source of polyphenols and polysaccharides which greatly attribute to its importance. however, oxidation and precipitation of these compounds during nucleic acids extraction is a limitation to molecular biology and genomic studies. on isolation of total rna from root tissue using established protocols, difficulties were encountered in terms of purity and quantity of isolated rna or some of the methods were time-consuming and also yields were low. the present commun ... | 2012 | 22144070 |
| the impact of in vitro aging on the mechanical and optical properties of indirect veneering composite resins. | flexural strength, hardness, surface roughness, discoloration, and abrasion resistance are important properties of veneering composite resins. recently introduced veneering resins are purported to have enhanced mechanical properties due to their composition, but their long-term durability is not known. | 2011 | 22133396 |
| development and certification of green tea-containing standard reference materials. | a suite of three green tea-containing standard reference materials (srms) has been issued by the national institute of standards and technology (nist): srm 3254 camellia sinensis (green tea) leaves, srm 3255 camellia sinensis (green tea) extract, and srm 3256 green tea-containing solid oral dosage form. the materials are characterized for catechins, xanthine alkaloids, theanine, and toxic elements. as many as five methods were used in assigning certified and reference values to the constituents, ... | 2012 | 22127575 |
| simultaneous determination of seven bioactive components in oolong tea camellia sinensis: quality control by chemical composition and hplc fingerprints. | a simple and reliable method of high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) was developed for the quality control of oolong tea (the dry leaves of camellia sinensis ): the quality control included the hplc fingerprint and the quantitative determination of seven bioactive compounds chemicals, namely, (-)-gallocatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, caffeine, (-)-epicatechin, gallocatechin gallate, and (-)-epicatechin gallate. the developed analyses of the chemicals excelle ... | 2012 | 22098505 |
| tlc bioautographic method for detecting lipase inhibitors. | bioautographic assays using tlc play an important role in the search for active compounds from plants. a tlc bioautographic assay has previously been established for the detection of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors but not for lipases. | 2014 | 22095552 |
| magnesium nutrition on accumulation and transport of amino acids in tea plants. | free amino acids in young tea shoots are important chemical constituents, remarkably influencing the quality of green teas. nutrient solution, soil pot and field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of magnesium nutritional status on accumulation and transport of free amino acids in tea plants (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze). | 2012 | 22083631 |
| differential gene expression in tea (camellia sinensis l.) calli with different morphologies and catechin contents. | tea (camellia sinensis) is a commercially important crop that contains valuable secondary metabolites. to understand the molecular regulation of secondary metabolism in tea, we selected and analyzed two cell lines of tea callus (yunjing63y and yunjing63x) that showed different morphological characteristics and catechin contents. yunjing63y callus was yellow and tight, while yunjing63x callus was white and loose. hplc analyses showed that yunjing63y contained 3.71 times higher levels of catechins ... | 2012 | 22078995 |
| herbivore-induced volatiles from tea (camellia sinensis) plants and their involvement in intraplant communication and changes in endogenous nonvolatile metabolites. | as a defense response to attacks by herbivores such as the smaller tea tortrix ( adoxophyes honmai yasuda), tea ( camellia sinensis ) leaves emit numerous volatiles such as (z)-3-hexen-1-ol, linalool, α-farnesene, benzyl nitrile, indole, nerolidol, and ocimenes in higher concentration. attack of kanzawa spider mites ( tetranychus kanzawai kishida), another major pest insect of tea crops, induced the emission of α-farnesene and ocimenes from tea leaves. the exogenous application of jasmonic acid ... | 2011 | 22077631 |
| dietary patterns and nutritional health of women: the nutrition transition in rural tanzania. | many developing countries are experiencing a rapid nutrition transition in urban areas. | 2011 | 22073796 |
| green tea and theanine: health benefits. | historically, the medicinal use of green tea dates back to china 4700 years ago and drinking tea continues to be regarded traditionally in asia as a general healthful practice. numerous scientific publications now attest to the health benefits of both black and green teas, including clinical and epidemiological studies. although all tea contains beneficial antioxidants, high-quality green and white teas have them in greater concentrations than black tea. today, scientists believe that the main a ... | 2012 | 22039897 |
| translocation of radiocesium from stems and leaves of plants and the effect on radiocesium concentrations in newly emerged plant tissues. | an accident occurred at the fukushima dai-ichi nuclear power plant in march 2011 at which time large amounts of radionuclides were released into the atmosphere and the sea. in early may 2011, it was found that newly emerged tea (camellia sinensis) leaves contained radiocesium, both (134)cs and (137)cs in some areas more than 300 km away from the fukushima plant. to understand the mechanisms of radiocesium transfer to newly emerged tissues (shoots, leaves and fruits) of other plants in the future ... | 2012 | 22027214 |
| plant and fungal food components with potential activity on the development of microbial oral diseases. | this paper reports the content in macronutrients, free sugars, polyphenols, and inorganic ions, known to exert any positive or negative action on microbial oral disease such as caries and gingivitis, of seven food/beverages (red chicory, mushroom, raspberry, green and black tea, cranberry juice, dark beer). tea leaves resulted the richest material in all the detected ions, anyway tea beverages resulted the richest just in fluoride. the highest content in zinc was in chicory, raspberry and mushro ... | 2011 | 22013381 |
| the effect of hibiscus sabdariffa on lipid profile, creatinine, and serum electrolytes: a randomized clinical trial. | background. hibiscus sabdariffa l. (hs), a member of malvaceae family, is a medicinal plant with a worldwide fame. its effect on reducing serum lipids is mentioned in several studies. the purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of this plant in reducing the serum's lipids in hypertensive patients. materials and methods. ninety hypertensive patients were randomly assigned to receive hibiscus sabdariffa (hs) tea or black tea for 15 days. the patients were asked to drink the tea within 20 ... | 2011 | 21991538 |
| characteristic fragmentation patterns of trimethylsilyl and trimethylsilyl-oxime derivatives of plant disaccharides as obtained by gas chromatography coupled to ion-trap mass spectrometry. | the characteristic fragmentation pattern of six reducing and two non reducing type disaccharides-(neohesperidose, acuminose, sambubiose, rutinose, vicianose, primverose, and two arabinosyl-inositols) has been described. these saccharides have not been previously identified by on-line chromatographic techniques. unambiguous specific characteristics of the tms (oxime)s such as mass distribution, syn/anti oximes ratios and elution order proved to be associated with their reducing or non reducing ch ... | 2011 | 21924428 |
| characterization of volatile components of tea flowers (camellia sinensis) growing in kangra by gc/ms. | volatile flavour components of tea flowers (camellia sinensis) were isolated by two methods viz. simultaneous distillation extraction (sde), supercritical fluid extraction (sfe), analyzed by gc and gc/ms and compared with headspace analysis (hs). the composition of the volatile components extracted by the three methods differed considerably. in sfe, phenylethanol (14.7%), linalool (7.9%), (e)-linalool oxide furanoid (3.5%), epoxy linalool (1.6%), geraniol (2.3%) and hotrienol (1.5%) were major c ... | 2011 | 21922925 |
| melatonin contents in mulberry (morus spp.) leaves: effects of sample preparation, cultivar, leaf age and tea processing. | the effects of sample preparation, cultivar, leaf age and tea processing on melatonin content of mulberry (morus spp.) leaves were investigated. sample preparation using ultrasonic technique in combination with solid phase extraction resulted in high recovery rate (76%), when compared to homogenisation in combination with liquid-liquid extraction procedure (12% recovery rate). the melatonin contents in mulberry leaves harvested from three major cultivars (buriram 60, sakonnakhon and khunphai) gr ... | 2011 | 25212150 |
| identification of polyphenolic compounds and black tea extract as potent inhibitors of lipid membrane destabilization by aβ₄₂ aggregates. | amyloid-β (aβ) aggregation is a recognized key process in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad). misfolded aβ peptides self-assemble into higher-order oligomers that compromise membrane integrity, leading to synaptic degeneration and neuronal cell death. the main aim of this study was to explore whether small-molecule compounds and black tea extract can protect phospholipid membranes from disruption by aβ aggregates. we first established a robust protocol for aggregating aβ₄₂ peptides int ... | 2011 | 21891862 |
| evaluation of the antioxidant effects of four main theaflavin derivatives through chemiluminescence and dna damage analyses. | theaflavins (tfs) are the dimers of a couple of epimerized catechins, which are specially formed during black tea fermentation. to explore the differences among four main tf derivatives (theaflavin (tf(1)), theaflavin-3-gallate (tf(2)a), theaflavin-3'-gallate (tf(2)b), and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (tf(3))) in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ros) in vitro, their properties of inhibiting superoxide, singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical, and their effects on hydroxyl rad ... | 2011 | 21887850 |
| biomimetic one-pot preparation of a black tea polyphenol theasinensin a from epigallocatechin gallate by treatment with copper(ii) chloride and ascorbic acid. | chromatographic separation of black tea polyphenols is too difficult to supply sufficient quantities of pure compounds for biological experiments. thus, facile methods to prepare black tea constituents were desired. treatment of epigallocatechin gallate with copper(ii) chloride efficiently afforded an unstable quinone dimer, dehydrotheasinensin a, and subsequent treatment with ascorbic acid stereoselectively yielded theasinensin a. the latter is a dimer with an r-biphenyl bond, one of the major ... | 2011 | 21881268 |
| whitening effect of black tea water extract on brown guinea pig skin. | to evaluate the whitening effect of black tea water extract (bt), bt was topically applied to artificially hyperpigmented spots on the back skins of brown guinea-pigs (weight: 450~500 g) induced by 1,500 mj/ cm(2) of ultraviolet b (uvb) irradiation. the test compounds of 30 μl were applied twice a day, six days a week, for four weeks. the artificially hyperpigmented spots were divided into 5 groups: control (uvb + saline, c), vehicle control [uvb + propylene glycol: ethanol: water (5 : 3 : 2), v ... | 2011 | 24278566 |
| a genome-wide microarray highlights the antiinflammatory genes targeted by oolong tea theasinensin a in macrophages. | theasinensin a is one of the oolong tea theasinensins, which differ from green tea catechins and black tea theaflavins. in a previous study, we found that theasinesin a had a potential effect on antiinflammation since theasinensin a suppressed lps-induced cox2 and pge(2) production. to clarify the molecular mechanisms, we investigated the gene expression profiling in macrophage-like cells treated with theasinensin a through a genome-wide dna microarray in the present study. among 22,050 oligonuc ... | 2011 | 21864060 |
| anti-hyperglycemia properties of tea (camellia sinensis) bioactives using in vitro assay models and influence of extraction time. | tea (camellia sinensis) has well-known health benefits, which are attributed to its polyphenolic metabolites. this research explored the potential of regular tea consumption and influence of extraction time typically used in daily consumption of tea, as a therapeutic dietary support for potential management of early stage type 2 diabetes using in vitro assay models. extraction times of 2 and 5 minutes were compared. the 5-minute extraction time had significantly higher total phenolic content com ... | 2011 | 21859352 |
| csice1 and cscbf1: two transcription factors involved in cold responses in camellia sinensis. | c-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding factors (cbfs) can induce the expression of a suite of cold-responsive genes to increase plant cold tolerance, and inducer of cbf expression 1 (ice1) is a major activator for cbf. in the present study, we isolated the full-length cdnas of ice1 and cbf from camellia sinensis, designated as csice1 and cscbf1, respectively. the deduced protein csice1 contains a highly conserved basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) domain and c-terminal region of ice1-like pr ... | 2012 | 21850593 |
| [determination of 88 pesticide residues in tea using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. | a multi-residue method for the determination of 88 pesticides in tea using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (gc-ms/ms) was developed. the target compounds were extracted with acetonitrile by accelerated solvent extraction (ase), and the extracts were cleaned up by solid phase extraction (spe) with a carbon/nh2 cartridge and eluted with acetonitrile-toluene (3:1, v/v) before the identification and quantification of the residues by gc-ms/ms. performance characteristics, such as accuracy ... | 2011 | 21847974 |
| effect of mangrove black tea extract from ceriops decandra (griff.) on hematology and biochemical changes in dimethyl benz[a]anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. | effect of the black tea extracted from a mangrove plant species, ceriops decandra (griff.) was studied on dimethyl benz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced changes in blood hematology and plasma non-enzymatic antioxidants in male hamsters. hamsters were painted with 0.5% solution of dmba in liquid paraffin on the right buccal pouch three times in a week up to 14 weeks. each application treated with 0.4mg of dmba. the mangrove black tea extract (mbte) was administrated orally with 5mgkg(-1) twice a day a ... | 2011 | 21843799 |
| improvement of mr cholangiopancreatography (mrcp) images after black tea consumption. | evaluation of the efficacy of black tea as the negative oral contrast agent in mrcp. | 2011 | 21818525 |
| protective effect of kombucha tea against tertiary butyl hydroperoxide induced cytotoxicity and cell death in murine hepatocytes. | kombucha (kt), a fermented black tea (bt), is known to have many beneficial properties. in the present study, antioxidant property of kt has been investigated against tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (tbhp) induced cytotoxicity using murine hepatocytes. tbhp, a reactive oxygen species inducer, causes oxidative stress resulting in organ pathophysiology. exposure to tbhp caused a reduction in cell viability, increased membrane leakage and disturbed the intra-cellular antioxidant machineries in hepatoc ... | 2011 | 21800502 |
| antioxidant activity prediction and classification of some teas using artificial neural networks. | in order to characterise and to classify some teas a simple, rapid and economical method based on composition, antioxidant activity and artificial neural networks (anns) is proposed. for these purpose two types of ann based applications have been developed: one for predicting the antioxidant activity and a second one for establishing the class of the teas. the complex relationship between the total antioxidant activity (aa) depending on the total flavonoids content (f), total catechins content ( ... | 2011 | 25214133 |
| enzymatic treatment to improve the quality of black tea extracts. | enzymatic extraction was investigated to improve the quality of black tea extracts with pretreatment of pectinase and tannase independently, successively and simultaneously. pectinase improved the extractable-solids-yield (esy) up to 11.5%, without much of an improvement in polyphenols recovery, while tannase pre-treatment showed a significant improvement in polyphenols recovery (14.3%) along with an 11.1% improvement in esy. among the four treatments, tannase-alone treatment showed the maximum ... | 2011 | 25214094 |
| comparative assessment of tea quality by various analytical and sensory methods with emphasis on tea polyphenols. | attempts were made to evolve an efficient technique for quality assessment of tea (camellia sinensis) using a tyrosinase based biosensor to detect polyphenols (pp). tyrosinase catalyzes the polymerization of pp to form theaflavins (tf) and thearubigins (tr) contributing to the colour and astringency of tea, which determine tea quality. variation in biosensor response of tea infusions gave an indication of differential amount of tf and tr. a comparative study of quality attributes of 8 varieties ... | 2011 | 23572768 |
| determination of biogenic amines in infusions of tea (camellia sinensis) by hplc after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride (fmoc-cl). | the reagent 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride (fmoc-cl) was used for the pre-column derivatization of the biogenic amines (bas) cadaverine (cad), histamine (him), octopamine (ocp), phenylethylamine (pea), putrescine (put), spermidine (spd), spermine (spm), tyramine (tym) and the internal standard 1,6-diaminohexane (dhx). the resulting fmoc-derivatives were resolved by high-performance liquid chromatography on a superspher(©) c(18) column using a binary gradient generated from sodium acetate an ... | 2012 | 21800261 |
| dynamic calibration approach for determining catechins and gallic acid in green tea using lc-esi/ms. | catechins and gallic acid are antioxidant constituents of camellia sinensis, or green tea. liquid chromatography with both ultraviolet (uv) absorbance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (esi/ms) detection was used to determine catechins and gallic acid in three green tea matrix materials that are commonly used as dietary supplements. the results from both detection modes were evaluated with 14 quantitation models, all of which were based on the analyte response relative to an interna ... | 2011 | 21780803 |
| inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) activity by polyphenols from tea (camellia sinensis) and links to processing method. | the focus of this study was to investigate angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibiting activity across 34 teas (camellia sinensis) produced by 5 different processing methods including green (gt), oolong (ot), white (wt), black (bt) and dark (dt) teas. in vitro ace inhibitory activity was affected by the tea processing method with ic(50) values for ace inhibition: green < oolong < white < black < dark teas. substrate-dependence of the reaction kinetics was studied for gt and bt polyphenolic si ... | 2011 | 21779569 |
| oxidative cascade reactions yielding polyhydroxy-theaflavins and theacitrins in the formation of black tea thearubigins: evidence by tandem lc-ms. | lc-ms(n) and direct infusion-ms(n) have been applied for the first time to the characterisation of crude thearubigins isolated from black tea. the data generated have been used to test two hypotheses of thearubigin structure: (i) that a significant fraction of the thearubigins consist of polyhydroxylated derivatives of the better-known catechin dimers (theaflavins, theaflavin mono- and di-gallates, theacitrins) in redox equilibrium with their associated quinones; and (ii) that a significant frac ... | 2010 | 21776470 |
| molecular evidence for maternal inheritance of the chloroplast genome in tea, camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze. | tea is the most consumed beverage worldwide after water. yet very little is known about the genetics of tea in comparison with other crop species. here we have taken advantage of the polymorphic nature of microsatellite dna to investigate the mode of chloroplast inheritance in tea, camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze. this is important for the correct interpretation of phylogeny and introgression data as well as assessing the suitability of chloroplast transformation as a means for transgene contai ... | 2011 | 21769876 |
| responses to winter dormancy, temperature, and plant hormones share gene networks. | gene networks modulated in winter dormancy (wd) in relation to temperature and hormone responses were analyzed in tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze]. analysis of subtracted cdna libraries prepared using the rna isolated from the apical bud and the associated two leaves (two and a bud, tab) of actively growing (ag) and winter dormant plant showed the downregulation of genes involved in cell cycle/cell division and upregulation of stress-inducible genes including those encoding chaperons durin ... | 2011 | 21755357 |
| fractionation and speciation of arsenic in three tea gardens soil profiles and distribution of as in different parts of tea plant (camellia sinensis l.). | the distribution pattern and fractionation of arsenic (as) in three soil profiles from tea (camellia sinensis l.) gardens located in karbi-anglong (ka), cachar (ca) and karimganj (kg) districts in the state of assam, india, were investigated depth-wise (0-10, 10-30, 30-60 and 60-100 cm). dtpa-extractable as was primarily restricted to surface horizons. arsenic speciation study showed the presence of higher as(v) concentrations in the upper horizon and its gradual decrease with the increase in so ... | 2011 | 21752421 |
| integrating satellite images and spectroscopy to measuring green and black tea quality. | this study quantifies the effects of green leaf and black tea parameters that influence tea quality in northeast india. it was motivated by a decline in tea quality that is of concern to tea growers. the rationale of the study is to identify the different parameters that have a significant influence on liquor brightness and other variables measuring tea quality. here, we investigate several methods for estimating tea quality based on tea quality data, near infrared spectroscopy and remotely sens ... | 2011 | 23140747 |
| characterization of novel small rnas from tea (camellia sinensis l.). | small rnas play important roles in plant development, metabolism, signal transduction and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses by affecting gene expression. tea (camellia sinensis l.) is an important commercial crop in the world. to understand the regulatory mechanisms involving small rnas in tea metabolism, we constructed a small rna (srna) library from its tea drink manufacturing tissue part i.e. topmost two leaves and a bud. for the first time, we isolated and cloned six novel small rnas ... | 2012 | 21744261 |
| selective coprecipitation of polyphenols in bioactive/inorganic complexes. | we investigate the formation of bioactive/inorganic coprecipitates of polyphenols catechins with calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate. extracted from the leaves of camellia sinensis, green tea catechins are efficient free radical scavengers, but their purported benefits from the perspective of prevention, health, and nutritional physiology are accompanied by unpleasant organoleptic characteristics: they are notoriously bitter. selective complexation of polyphenols with metal salts is a possib ... | 2011 | 21736351 |
| optimum conditions for the water extraction of l-theanine from green tea. | theanine is a unique non-protein amino acid found in tea (camellia sinensis). it contributes to the favourable umami taste of tea and is linked to various beneficial effects in humans. there is an increasing interest in theanine as an important component of tea, as an ingredient for novel functional foods and as a dietary supplement. therefore, optimal conditions for extracting theanine from tea are required for the accurate quantification of theanine in tea and as an efficient first step for it ... | 2011 | 21735551 |
| l-theanine: properties, synthesis and isolation from tea. | theanine is a non-protein amino acid that occurs naturally in the tea plant (camellia sinensis) and contributes to the favourable taste of tea. it is also associated with effects such as the enhancement of relaxation and the improvement of concentration and learning ability. it is also linked with health benefits including the prevention of certain cancers and cardiovascular disease, the promotion of weight loss and enhanced performance of the immune system. thus, there has been a significant ri ... | 2011 | 21735448 |
| alpha-tubulin (cstua) up-regulated during winter dormancy is a low temperature inducible gene in tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze]. | the present manuscript describes cloning and expression characterization of alpha-tubulin (cstua) gene in an evergreen tree tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] in response to winter dormancy (wd), abiotic stresses (sodium chloride, polyethylene glycol, and hydrogen peroxide) and plant growth regulators [abscisic acid (aba), gibberellic acid (ga(3)), indole-3-butyric acid (iba), and 6-benzylaminopurine (ba)]. cstua encoded a putative protein of 449 amino acids with a calculated molecular weigh ... | 2012 | 21725638 |
| green tea and black tea consumption and prostate cancer risk: an exploratory meta-analysis of observational studies. | observational studies on tea consumption and prostate cancer (pca) risk are still inconsistent. the authors conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between green tea and black tea consumption with pca risk. thirteen studies providing data on green tea or black tea consumption were identified by searching pubmed and isi web of science databases and secondary referencing qualified for inclusion. a random-effects model was used to calculate the summary odds ratios (or) and their co ... | 2011 | 21667398 |
| identification and cross-species transferability of 112 novel unigene-derived microsatellite markers in tea (camellia sinensis). | tea unigene-derived microsatellite (tugms) markers were identified from the publicly available est data in camellia sinensis for characterization and future genome mapping studies in tea. | 2011 | 21653500 |
| polyphenol composition of a functional fermented tea obtained by tea-rolling processing of green tea and loquat leaves. | phenolic constituents of a new functional fermented tea produced by tea-rolling processing of a mixture (9:1) of tea leaves and loquat leaves were examined in detail. the similarity of the phenolic composition to that of black tea was indicated by high-performance liquid chromatography comparison with other tea products. twenty-five compounds, including three new catechin oxidation products, were isolated, and the structures of the new compounds were determined to be (2r)-2-hydroxy-3-(2,4,6-trih ... | 2011 | 21627083 |
| tentative identification, quantitation, and principal component analysis of green pu-erh, green, and white teas using uplc/dad/ms. | tea (camellia sinensis l.), an important drink and a natural medicine for thousands of years, contains many health beneficial compounds. growing season, geographical region, and fermentation methods create many variations in tea compositions, which contribute to each tea's uniqueness. in this study, a simple, rapid, and efficient ultra-performance liquid chromatography (uplc) method combined with diode array detector (dad) and mass spectroscopic (ms) detection and chemometrics analysis was used ... | 2011 | 25544798 |
| identification and characterization of 74 novel polymorphic est-ssr markers in the tea plant, camellia sinensis (theaceae). | | 2010 | 21616837 |
| a randomised crossover trial to compare the potential of stannous fluoride and essential oil mouth rinses to induce tooth and tongue staining. | this study compared the staining potential of two experimental amine fluoride/stannous fluoride mouth rinses (a and b), a phenolic/essential oil rinse (c) and a negative control, water, rinse (d). the study was a single centre, randomized, single-blind, four treatment crossover study design among healthy participants. prior to each study period, participants received a dental prophylaxis. on the monday of each period, subjects suspended oral hygiene, and under supervision, rinsed with the alloca ... | 2012 | 21614461 |
| skeletal fluorosis from brewed tea. | high fluoride ion (f(-)) levels are found in many surface and well waters. drinking f(-)-contaminated water typically explains endemic skeletal fluorosis (sf). in some regions of asia, however, poor quality "brick tea" also causes this disorder. the plant source of brick, black, green, orange pekoe, and oolong tea, camellia sinensis, can contain substantial amounts of f(-). exposure to 20 mg f(-) per day for 20 yr of adult life is expected to cause symptomatic sf. high f(-) levels stimulate oste ... | 2011 | 21593111 |
| effect of black tea on enteral feeding tolerance in icu patients. | tea consumption has been known mostly as a well-drink after water in the world. tea drink can affect balance of fluids and renal function. in addition, it can cause loss of many viruses in the stomach and can increase or decrease gastrointestinal movements. this research was done to determine the effect of tea on increasing enteral feeding tolerance in icu patients in alzahra hospital. | 2010 | 21589775 |
| a novel method for quantitative determination of tea polysaccharide by resonance light scattering. | a new method for the determination of tea polysaccharide (tps) in green tea (camellia sinensis) leaves has been developed. the method was based on the enhancement of resonance light scattering (rls) of tps in the presence of cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc)-naoh system. under the optimum conditions, the rls intensity of cpc was greatly enhanced by adding tps. the maximum peak of the enhanced rls spectra was located at 484.02 nm. the enhanced rls intensity was proportional to the concentration of t ... | 2011 | 21571584 |
| producing low-caffeine tea through post-transcriptional silencing of caffeine synthase mrna. | in this study, attempt has been made to produce a selected cultivar of tea with low-caffeine content using rnai technology. the caffeine biosynthetic pathway in tea has been proposed to involve three n-methyltransferases such as xanthosine methyltransferase, 7-n-methylxanthine methyltransferase and 3, 7-dimethylxanthine methyltransferase. last two steps of caffeine biosynthesis in tea have been known to be catalyzed by a bifunctional enzyme known as caffeine synthase. to suppress the caffeine sy ... | 2011 | 21562910 |
| the role of antioxidant versus pro-oxidant effects of green tea polyphenols in cancer prevention. | consumption of green tea (camellia sinensis) may provide protection against chronic diseases, including cancer. green tea polyphenols are believed to be responsible for this cancer preventive effect, and the antioxidant activity of the green tea polyphenols has been implicated as a potential mechanism. this hypothesis has been difficult to study in vivo due to metabolism of these compounds and poor understanding of the redox environment in vivo. green tea polyphenols can be direct antioxidants b ... | 2011 | 21538850 |
| structural characterization and antioxidant activities of 2 water-soluble polysaccharide fractions purified from tea (camellia sinensis) flower. | the water-soluble crude polysaccharide tea flower polysaccharide (tfp), obtained from tea (camellia sinensis) flower by boiling-water extraction and ethanol precipitation, was fractionated by sephadex g-100 column chromatography, giving 2 polysaccharide fractions termed tfp-1 and tfp-2. the structural features of tfp-1 and tfp-2 were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc), gel-permeation chromatography (gpc), rheometer, infrared (ir) spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance (nm ... | 2011 | 21535815 |
| effect of girdling at various positions of 'huang zhi xiang' tea tree (camellia sinensis) on the contents of catechins and starch in fresh leaf. | the contents of starch and catechins in the fresh leaf of 'huang zhi xiang' oolong tea trees girdled at the bottom, middle (on the big branches) and top (on the small branches) were determined. the study demonstrated that the starch contents from girdled trees were significantly higher (p<0.05) than that from non-girdled ones. furthermore, the contents of (-)-epicatechin (ec), (-)-epigallocatechin (egc), total catechins (tc) and simple catechins (sc) from girdled trees were significantly higher ... | 2011 | 21523413 |
| a novel synchronous fluorescence spectroscopic approach for the rapid determination of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tea with simple microwave-assisted pretreatment of sample. | many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are carcinogenic, and some have been reported to be present in tea. people can be exposed to pahs through tea consumption. therefore, there is real importance for the determination of pahs in tea. because of the complex matrix of tea, it is hard to detect pahs in tea without cleanup and chromatographic separation procedures. in this research, for the first time, a novel synchronous fluorescence spectroscopic approach coupling nonlinear variable-angle ... | 2011 | 21520950 |
| inhibition of citral degradation by oil-in-water nanoemulsions combined with antioxidants. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of oil-in-water (o/w) nanoemulsions combined with six different natural antioxidants on the stability of citral. acidic emulsions (lecithin-stabilized palm kernel lipid in ph 3 buffer) containing 1000 ppm citral and 1000 ppm antioxidants (black tea extract, ascorbic acid, naringenin, tangeretin, β-carotene, and tanshinone) were stored at 25 and 50 °c, respectively. the emulsions with and without antioxidants were analyzed by solid phase ... | 2011 | 21517071 |
| constituents of the green tea seeds of camellia sinensis. | green tea (camellia sinensis) leaves are known to contain active ingredients such as catechins and caffeine, and are widely useful materials. recently, green tea flowers also have been in the spotlight. however, little attention has been paid to the tea seeds. in this work, the constituents of green tea seeds and green tea leaves were compared. caffeine was found in the seeds, whereas catechins (usually obtained from green tea leaves) were not observed. next, we investigated the constituents of ... | 2011 | 21485277 |
| identification of differentially expressed genes in dormant (banjhi) bud of tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) using subtractive hybridization approach. | growth regulation associated with dormancy is an essential element in plant's life cycle that leads to changes in expression of large number of genes. forward and reverse suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) libraries were developed to identify and characterize the genes associated with bud (banjhi) dormancy in tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze). efficiency of subtraction was confirmed by comparing the abundance of β-actin gene. a total of 17 and 45 unique sequences were obtained from ... | 2011 | 21481598 |
| anthocyanins from new red leaf tea 'sunrouge'. | new red leaf tea cultivar 'sunrouge' (camellia taliensis × camellia sinensis), for which an application for registration was made in 2009, is an anthocyanin-rich tea. the anthocyanin content of 'sunrouge' was the highest among 4 tea cultivars, and was 8.4 times higher than that of 'yabukita'. we purified and isolated 6 anthocyanins from 'sunrouge' by chromatography, and identified them by lc/ms/ms and nmr analysis. as a result, the four anthocyanins were identified as delphinidin-3-o-β-d-(6-(e)- ... | 2011 | 21480597 |
| neuroprotective effects of theanine and its preventive effects on cognitive dysfunction. | theanine (γ-glutamylethylamide) characteristically present in tea leaves (camellia sinensis). it has a similar chemical structure to glutamate, which is a neurotransmitter related to memory. theanine passes through the blood-brain barrier and has been shown to have a cerebroprotective effect and a preventive effect on neuronal cell death after transient cerebral ischemia. the neuroprotective effect is partly due to the antagonistic action of theanine on glutamate receptor subtype ampa and kainat ... | 2011 | 21477654 |
| the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potentials of tea polyphenols. | tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world reported to have multiple health benefits. preventive and therapeutic benefits of tea polyphenols include enhanced general well being and anti-neoplastic effects. the pharmacologic action of tea is often attributed to various catechins present therein. experiments conducted in cancer cell lines and animal models demonstrate that tea polyphenols protect against cellular damage caused by oxidative stress and altered immunity. tea polyphenols mo ... | 2012 | 21466438 |
| targeting the wingless signaling pathway with natural compounds as chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents. | the aberrant activation of the wingless (wnt) signaling pathway is a key element involved in carcinogenesis as wnt regulates a variety of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis and cell motility. upon wnt receptor activation, the canonical "wnt/beta-catenin" as well as the non canonical "wnt/planar cell polarity, wnt/ca²⁺" pathways are activated. this offers multiple possibilities to target the aberrant regulation of this signaling pathway in order to co ... | 2012 | 21466435 |
| intake of japanese and chinese teas reduces risk of parkinson's disease. | studies that have addressed the association between the intake of coffee or caffeine and parkinson's disease (pd) were conducted mainly in western countries. little is known about this relationship in an asian population. therefore, we performed an assessment of the association of the intake of coffee, other caffeine-containing beverages, and caffeine with the risk of pd in japan. the study involved 249 pd cases and 368 control subjects. information on dietary factors was obtained through a self ... | 2011 | 21458354 |
| review of liver injury associated with dietary supplements. | dietary supplements (ds) are easily available and increasingly used, and adverse hepatic reactions have been reported following their intake. to critically review the literature on liver injury because of dss, delineating patterns and mechanisms of injury and to increase the awareness towards this cause of acute and chronic liver damage. studies and case reports on liver injury specifically because of dss published between 1990 and 2010 were searched in the pubmed and embase data bases using the ... | 2011 | 21457433 |
| characterization of tea cultivated at four different altitudes using 1h nmr analysis coupled with multivariate statistics. | the taste of black tea differs according to the different areas in which the tea is grown, even for the same species of tea. a combination of (1)h nmr spectroscopy and partial least-squares discriminate analysis (pls-da) was used to assess the quality differences of tea leaves from four cultivation areas with different elevations, ran > 1800 m, uda = 1200 m, meda = 600 m, and yata < 300 m, in sri lanka. as a result of a statistical analysis, pls-da showed a separation between high- and low-quali ... | 2011 | 21456619 |
| inhibition and disaggregation of α-synuclein oligomers by natural polyphenolic compounds. | aggregation of alpha-synuclein (αs) into oligomers is critically involved in the pathogenesis of parkinson's disease (pd). using confocal single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, we have studied the effects of 14 naturally-occurring polyphenolic compounds and black tea extract on αs oligomer formation. we found that a selected group of polyphenols exhibited potent dose-dependent inhibitory activity on αs aggregation. moreover, they were also capable of robustly disaggregating pre-formed αs oli ... | 2011 | 21443877 |
| tea and cancer prevention: epidemiological studies. | experimental studies have consistently shown the inhibitory activities of tea extracts on tumorigenesis in multiple model systems. epidemiological studies, however, have produced inconclusive results in humans. a comprehensive review was conducted to assess the current knowledge on tea consumption and risk of cancers in humans. in general, consumption of black tea was not associated with lower risk of cancer. high intake of green tea was consistently associated with reduced risk of upper gastroi ... | 2011 | 21419224 |
| molecular binding of black tea theaflavins to biological membranes: relationship to bioactivities. | molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the interactions of three theaflavin compounds with lipid bilayers. experimental studies have linked theaflavins to beneficial health effects, some of which are related to interactions with the cell membrane. the molecular interaction of theaflavins with membranes was explored by simulating the interactions of three theaflavin molecules (theaflavin, theaflavin-3-gallate, and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate) with a mixed bilayer composed of 1-palmitoyl- ... | 2011 | 21417313 |
| green tea drinking is inversely associated with urinary incontinence in middle-aged and older women. | to investigate the association between green tea consumption and urinary incontinence among middle-aged and older women. | 2011 | 21404319 |
| cancer prevention by tea: evidence from laboratory studies. | the cancer preventive activities of tea (camellia sinensis theaceae) have been studied extensively. inhibition of tumorigenesis by green tea extracts and tea polyphenols has been demonstrated in different animal models, including those for cancers of the skin, lung, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, bladder, liver, pancreas, prostate, and mammary glands. many studies in cell lines have demonstrated the modulation of signal transduction and metabolic pathways by (-)-epigall ... | 2011 | 21397027 |
| aluminium and nutrients induce changes in the profiles of phenolic substances in tea plants (camellia sinensis cv ttes, no. 12 (tte)). | tea plants are always cultivated in acid soils in hilly regions and their growth can be dependent on to soluble aluminium (al). the mechanism of al detoxification and the influence of al on phenolic compounds (i.e. catechin) in the roots of tea plants has remained obscure. this study aimed to investigate the influence of al changes on the concentrations of phenolic substances in tea plants through hydroponic experiments. | 2011 | 21384367 |
| the chemistry and biotransformation of tea constituents. | tea (camellia sinensis, theaceae) is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world. the three major types of tea, green tea, oolong tea, and black tea, differ in terms of the manufacture and chemical composition. there are numerous studies in humans, animal models, and cell lines to suggest potential health benefits from the consumption of tea, including prevention of cancer and heart diseases. many of the health benefits have been attributed to the polyphenolic constituents in tea. cat ... | 2011 | 21371557 |
| preparation and application of tea to a tritium performance testing programme. | a simple, but novel technique, for adjusting steeps of black tea to produce fluids, which are visually and spectroscopically similar to urine, has been developed at the national calibration reference centre for bioassay and in vivo monitoring in canada. the method uses scans of absorbance versus wavelength, in the uv-vis range (200-800 nm) to select diluted tea steeps that simulate urine. tea solutions (1 and 10 %) were spiked with tritium and distributed to laboratories for performance testing ... | 2012 | 21357582 |
| deep sequencing of the camellia sinensis transcriptome revealed candidate genes for major metabolic pathways of tea-specific compounds. | tea is one of the most popular non-alcoholic beverages worldwide. however, the tea plant, camellia sinensis, is difficult to culture in vitro, to transform, and has a large genome, rendering little genomic information available. recent advances in large-scale rna sequencing (rna-seq) provide a fast, cost-effective, and reliable approach to generate large expression datasets for functional genomic analysis, which is especially suitable for non-model species with un-sequenced genomes. | 2011 | 21356090 |
| extraction of antioxidants and caffeine from green tea (camelia sinensis) leaves: kinetics and modeling. | the effects of temperature (50, 60, 70, 80, 90 °c) and time (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 min) on catechins and caffeine solubility in water from iranian green tea were investigated, the best combinations of temperature and time extraction with water were 20-40 min, 80 °c for epigallocatechin (egc), epicatechin (ec) and caffeine (caff), and 80 min, 90 °c for catechin (c), epicatechin gallate (ecg) and epigallocatechin gallate (egcg). a mathematical model derived from fick's second law was then used to calc ... | 2010 | 21339166 |
| root release and metabolism of organic acids in tea plants in response to phosphorus supply. | self-rooted, 10-month-old, uniform tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze cv. huangguanyin] plants were supplied for 17 weeks with 0, 40, 80, 160, 400, or 1000μm phosphorus (p) to investigate the effects of p supply on root citrate and malate release, the concentrations of malate and citrate and the activities of acid-metabolizing enzymes in leaves and roots. root malate release and accumulation was induced by both 0 and 40μm p, while root citrate release and accumulation was induced only by 0μm ... | 2011 | 21315475 |
| black and green tea consumption and the risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. | epidemiologic studies are inconsistent regarding the association between tea consumption and the risk of coronary artery disease (cad). | 2011 | 21248184 |
| construction, characterization, and preliminary bac-end sequence analysis of a bacterial artificial chromosome library of the tea plant (camellia sinensis). | we describe the construction and characterization of a publicly available bac library for the tea plant, camellia sinensis. using modified methods, the library was constructed with the aim of developing public molecular resources to advance tea plant genomics research. the library consists of a total of 401,280 clones with an average insert size of 135 kb, providing an approximate coverage of 13.5 haploid genome equivalents. no empty vector clones were observed in a random sampling of 576 bac cl ... | 2011 | 21234344 |
| [comparison of the mechanism of cardiotonic action of the fraction 3 of mai-bao and digoxin on rat isolated heart]. | mai-bao (mb) is a beverage obtained by fermentation of sweet camellia sinensis tea by the tea-mushroom treasure. the action of the chromatographic fraction 3 of mai-bao (mb-f3) is cardiotonic. | 2011 | 22765949 |
| black tea improves attention and self-reported alertness. | tea has previously been demonstrated to better help sustain alertness throughout the day in open-label studies. we investigated whether tea improves attention and self-reported alertness in two double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover studies. participants received black tea (made from commercially available tea bags) in one condition and placebo tea (hot water with food colours and flavours) similar in taste and appearance to real tea in the other condition. attention was measure ... | 2011 | 21172396 |
| effect on gastric function and symptoms of drinking wine, black tea, or schnapps with a swiss cheese fondue: randomised controlled crossover trial. | to compare the effects of drinking white wine or black tea with swiss cheese fondue followed by a shot of cherry schnapps on gastric emptying, appetite, and abdominal symptoms. | 2010 | 21156747 |
| multimycotoxin uplc-ms/ms for tea, herbal infusions and the derived drinkable products. | in recent years the consumption of tea and herbal infusions has increased. these hot drinks are consumed as daily drinks as well as for medicinal purposes. all tea varieties (white, yellow, green, oolong, black and puerh) originate from the leaves of the tea plant, camellia sinensis. all extracts made of plant or herbal materials which do not contain camellia sinensis are referred as herbal infusions or tisanes. during processing and manufacturing fungal contamination of the plant materials is p ... | 2010 | 21121648 |
| antiobesity effects of green tea catechins: a mechanistic review. | green tea catechins (gtc) are polyphenolic compounds present in the unfermented dried leaves of the plant, camellia sinensis. results from a number of randomized, controlled intervention trials have shown that consumption of gtc (270 mg to 1200 mg/day) may reduce body weight and fat. there are several proposed mechanisms whereby gtc may influence body weight and composition. the predominating hypothesis is that gtc influences sympathetic nervous system (sns) activity, increasing energy expenditu ... | 2011 | 21115335 |
| a novel green chemical route for synthesis of silver nanoparticles using camellia sinensis. | the thrust to develop environmental friendly procedures for production of nanoparticles arises from the very fact that current nanotechnology research uses a lot of chemicals, which are potential threat to both environment and public health. tea (camellia sinensis) with its rich source of polyphenolic compounds has been exploited for the reduction and capping of silver nanoparticles (ag-nps), making it a complete green chemical route. the reduction of ag+ to ag0 was observed by the color change ... | 2010 | 24061881 |
| clonal variation of tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] in countering water deficiency. | various clones of tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] such as ttl-1, ttl-2, ttl-4, ttl-5, ttl-6, upasi-2 and upasi-3 planted in the field were subjected to soil moisture stress conditions by withholding irrigation. a control set of the same clones were maintained by watering regularly. the soil water content of the irrigated and non irrigated plants was monitored through the soil moisture status. the extent of effect of drought on tea plants were monitored through various physiological parame ... | 2010 | 23572986 |
| mass spectrometric characterization of black tea thearubigins leading to an oxidative cascade hypothesis for thearubigin formation. | thearubigins are the most abundant group of phenolic pigments found in black tea, accounting for an estimated 60-70% of the solids in a typical black tea infusion. fifty years ago the term thearubigins was first introduced and to date the chemical nature of the thearubigins remains largely unresolved, if not mysterious, despite numerous attempts made to clarify their structure. thearubigins isolated from 15 commercial black teas have been analyzed using a strategy combining standard chemical cha ... | 2010 | 21072794 |
| profiles of purine metabolism in leaves and roots of camellia sinensis seedlings. | to determine the metabolic profiles of purine nucleotides and related compounds in leaves and roots of tea (camellia sinensis), we studied the in situ metabolic fate of 10 different (14)c-labeled precursors in segments from tea seedlings. the activities of key enzymes in tea leaf extracts were also investigated. the rates of uptake of purine precursors were greater in leaf segments than in root segments. adenine and adenosine were taken up more rapidly than other purine bases and nucleosides. xa ... | 2010 | 21071429 |
| nutrition and nonmelanoma skin cancers. | the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is increasing every year. basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the two major types of nonmelanoma skin cancer. among other factors, understanding the potential role of nutrients in the development, progression, and treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer is critical. this contribution provides a review of the nutrients that have been more extensively investigated in the literature with regard to nonmelanoma skin cancer, including dietary fats ... | 2013 | 21034989 |
| hyperbranched acidic polysaccharide from green tea. | an acidic tea polysaccharide (altps), isolated from green tea ( camellia sinensis ), was characterized as a hyperbranched glycoprotein containing the acidic heteropolysaccharide chains and the protein residues from the results of uv-vis, ftir, one- and two-dimensional nmr, gc, gc-ms, and amino acid analyses. solution properties of altps were investigated by static and dynamic light scattering analyses and viscometry. the results indicated that the viscosity behavior of altps exhibited a typical ... | 2010 | 21028801 |