| healing pattern of bone defects covered by different membrane types--a histologic study in the porcine mandible. | few investigations on guided bone regeneration (gbr) focus on the behaviour of tissues adjacent to barrier membranes. this study was conducted to (1) evaluate the barrier function potential of different resorbable and nonresorbable membranes for gbr, (2) investigate their structural changes after different intervals, and (3) characterize tissue composition and reaction adjacent to the barrier by qualitative histologic evaluation. seven barriers for gbr were used per animal (made of dense or expa ... | 2006 | 16362958 |
| [the morphology of domestic pigs in middle europe during the 16th to 18th century]. | the external of swine in mideurope during the 16th to 18th century will be described based on a few publications and various pictures (120). long legged, slender, bristly pigs with long snouts and prick ears dominated during the 16th century, sometimes, however, compact animals with shorter snouts and larger prick or lope ears have been depicted (tab. 1). during the 17th century no correct descriptions of the pigs are avaiable. the pictures show similar types as in the century before (tab. 1). i ... | 2005 | 16366038 |
| microwave ablation for atrial fibrillation: dose-response curves in the cardioplegia-arrested and beating heart. | microwave ablation has been used to replace the traditional incisions used in the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. however, dose-response curves have not been established in surgically relevant models. the purpose of this study was to develop dose-response curves for the flex 10 (guidant, inc) microwave device in both the acute cardioplegia-arrested heart and on the beating heart. | 2006 | 16368338 |
| a potent and selective tacrine analog--biomembrane permeation and physicochemical characterization. | cholinesterase inhibitors have been used for years in treatment of alzheimer's disease (ad). tacrine is the first acetylcholinesterase inhibitor approved for treating ad by the regulatory agencies around the world. unfortunately, a number of studies have shown tacrine to be associated with some severe side effects, including hepatotoxicity. these adverse effects may be attributed to its poor selectivity for acetylcholinesterase and have thus necessitated the research and development of more sele ... | 2005 | 16370182 |
| multiple-electrode radiofrequency ablation: simultaneous production of separate zones of coagulation in an in vivo porcine liver model. | a multiple-electrode radiofrequency (rf) system was developed based on switching between electrodes that allows for the simultaneous use of as many as three electrically independent electrodes. the purpose of this study was to determine if each multiple-electrode ablation zone is identical to an ablation zone created with conventional single-electrode mode. | 2005 | 16371542 |
| a novel model to test accuracy and reproducibility of mdct scan protocols for coronary calcium in vivo. | we compared the accuracy and reliability of prospectively triggered, retrospectively ecg gated, and non-gated ct image reconstruction for measurements of coronary artery calcification (cac) in vivo using a novel animal model. | 2006 | 16374527 |
| fully mr-guided hepatic artery catheterization for selective drug delivery: a feasibility study in pigs. | to demonstrate the feasibility of hepatic catheterization for selective delivery of therapeutic agents using a clinical mri scanner for real-time image guidance. | 2006 | 16374883 |
| dental and skeletal characterization of the br-1 minipig. | this study was designed to characterize the development of oral structures in the br-1 minipig and to compare these data with literature reports on domestic swine and other minipig lineages. twelve male minipigs were anesthetized and given physical and radiographic examinations. the presence and chronology of tooth eruption from 3 to 15 months of age were assessed, and the radiographic results were interpreted by two certified researchers, who obtained a high index of agreement (kappa>0.81). the ... | 2007 | 16376127 |
| vascular closure stapler clip anastomosis decreases aortic cross-clamping time compared to interrupted nonabsorbable and running absorbable sutures in growing pigs. | the latest generation in titanium clip application systems, the vascular closure staples (vcs) system avoids intimal lesions and therefore minimizes the subsequent hyperplastic reaction, while at the same time enhancing distensibility and vascular growth. moreover, vcs clips allow the surgeon to perform vascular anastomosis easily and faster than conventional suture. this system may become the option of choice for vascular reconstruction in pediatric surgery where, as in the case of aortic and t ... | 2006 | 16378146 |
| sequence analysis of proviral dna of porcine endogenous retroviruses. | among all species analyzed, the domestic pig seems to be the most appropriate organ donor for xenotransplantation. porcine endogenous retroviruses (pervs) are present in genomes of all pigs and are capable of infecting human cells in vitro thus posing a serious threat for xenotransplantation procedures. despite the abundant distribution of pervs integrated with porcine genome, the majority of perv proviral dna is not capable of expressing viral proteins unless seriously mutated. the aim of the s ... | 2005 | 16387182 |
| comparison of invasive and less-invasive techniques of cardiac output measurement under different haemodynamic conditions in a pig model. | despite the introduction of various less-invasive concepts of cardiac output measurement, pulmonary arterial thermodilution is still the most common measurement technique. | 2006 | 16390561 |
| a new animal model of choroidal neovascularization. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of different methods to induce choroidal neovascularization (cnv) in the domestic pig. | 2005 | 16396647 |
| the epidemiology of human trichinellosis in china during 2000-2003. | the endemic foci of trichinellosis continue to be mainly located in the southwestern, the central and northeastern china. the seroepidemiological surveys of t. spiralis infection in humans were carried out in six provinces or municipals (p/m) of china during 2000-2003, the overall seroprevalence was 3.57%. from 2000 to 2003, 17 outbreaks of human trichinellosis, with 828 cases and 11 deaths, were recorded in 8 p/a of china. all of 11 deaths occurred in the southwestern china (1 case in sichuan, ... | 2006 | 16414006 |
| vascular injury caused by mechanical thrombectomy in porcine arteries: akónya eliminator device versus arrow-trerotola percutaneous thrombolytic device. | to compare vascular injuries induced by a nonrotational thrombectomy device equipped with an adjustable basket (the akónya eliminator [ake] device) and the arrow-trerotola percutaneous thrombolytic device (ptd) in porcine external iliac arteries (eias). | 2006 | 16415141 |
| the elephant knee joint: morphological and biomechanical considerations. | elephant limbs display unique morphological features which are related mainly to supporting the enormous body weight of the animal. in elephants, the knee joint plays important roles in weight bearing and locomotion, but anatomical data are sparse and lacking in functional analyses. in addition, the knee joint is affected frequently by arthrosis. here we examined structures of the knee joint by means of standard anatomical techniques in eight african (loxodonta africana) and three asian elephant ... | 2006 | 16420379 |
| feasibility of real-time magnetic resonance-guided stent-graft placement in a swine model of descending aortic dissection. | to evaluate the pre-clinical feasibility of real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rtmri) to guide stent-graft placement for experimental aortic dissection (ad) and to alleviate disadvantages of ionising radiation and nephrotoxic contrast media. endovascular stent-graft placement for thoracic aortic disease is usually performed under x-ray guidance. the feasibility of rtmri-guided stent-graft placement is currently not known. | 2006 | 16431874 |
| paradoxical effects of aurintricarboxylic acid and rg-13577: acute thrombosis and in-stent stenosis in a passive-coated stent. | to investigate if a platelet inhibitor (aurintricarboxylic acid [ata]) and a heparin-mimicking antagonist (rg-13577) of basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (bfgf2) could be combined as a stable compound and attached to conventional bare metal stents to hinder thrombus formation and inflammatory reactions of stenting. | 2006 | 16445329 |
| chronic antioxidant supplementation impairs coronary endothelial function and myocardial perfusion in normal pigs. | experimental studies have shown the beneficial effects of antioxidant supplementation on endothelial function in the presence of increased endogenous oxidative stress, whereas limited data are available under normal conditions. the present study tested the hypothesis that in normal pigs long-term antioxidants would have deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system. normal domestic pigs (v, n=6) were studied 12 weeks after dietary supplementation with vitamin e (100 iu/kg per day) and vitamin ... | 2006 | 16446399 |
| myocardial glycerol release, arrhythmias and hemodynamic instability during regional ischemia-reperfusion in an open chest pig model. | to develop cardioprotection against peri-operative myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, we need animal models where the local metabolism and blood flow are studied concomitantly with the global circulatory consequences during regional coronary occlusion. | 2006 | 16451157 |
| effects of an inspiratory impedance threshold device on blood pressure and short term survival in spontaneously breathing hypovolemic pigs. | the inspiratory impedance threshold device (itd) has been shown to improve hemodynamic variables and survival outcomes during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in animals and humans. we hypothesized that use of an itd, with a resistance of -10 cm h2o, will improve hemodynamics and short-term survival rates during hypovolemic hypotension in spontaneously breathing pigs. | 2006 | 16455176 |
| the characteristics of postcountershock pulseless electrical activity may indicate the outcome of cpr. | when ventricular fibrillation is cardioverted to pulseless electrical activity (pea), pea has been regarded as a non-resuscitatable rhythm. yet, recent reports and our earlier observations suggested otherwise. we therefore investigated outcomes after postcountershock pea, and aimed to develop a scoring system for outcome classification at the onset of initial postcountershock pea. | 2006 | 16459008 |
| aortic cannulation and cardiopulmonary bypass independently produce selective brain lesions in pig. | whether cardiopulmonary bypass alone or together with the manipulation of the aorta produce neurological complication remains controversial. using a domestic pig model of cardiopulmonary bypass, we investigated the immediate effects of aortic cannulation and cardiopulmonary bypass on neuronal injury in different brain regions. we compared the presence of neuronal injury in three experimental groups: non-operated controls (n = 3); operated controls with aortic cannulation without cardiopulmonary ... | 2005 | 16463582 |
| effect of monopolar radiofrequency treatment over soft-tissue fillers in an animal model: part 2. | monopolar radiofrequency (rf) treatment is used by physicians to heat skin and promote tissue tightening and contouring. cosmetic fillers are used to soften deep facial lines and wrinkles. patients who have had dermal fillers implanted may also benefit from or are candidates for monopolar rf skin tightening. this study examined the effect of rf treatment on various dermal filler substances. this is the second part of a two-part study. | 2006 | 16485274 |
| spontaneous gasping decreases intracranial pressure and improves cerebral perfusion in a pig model of ventricular fibrillation. | spontaneous gasping is associated with increased survival in animal models of cardiac arrest and in observational studies of humans. the potential beneficial effect of gasping on cerebral perfusion may underlie the observed survival benefit, but mechanisms remain unknown. | 2006 | 16494991 |
| acceleration of de novo bone formation following application of autogenous bone to particulated anorganic bovine material in vivo. | this prospective animal study examined the de novo bone formation following application of deproteinized bovine bone matrix (dbbm) with or without autogenous bone (ab) to osseous defects. | 2006 | 16504863 |
| evaluation of a modified piezoresistive technique and a water-capsule technique for direct and continuous measurement of intra-abdominal pressure in a porcine model. | intravesical pressure measurement is considered to be the gold standard for the assessment of intra-abdominal pressure. however, this method is indirect and depends on a physiologic bladder function. we evaluated a modified piezoresistive technique and a water-capsule technique for direct and continuous intra-abdominal pressure measurement. | 2006 | 16505660 |
| challenging the rationale of three sequential shocks for defibrillation. | the 2000 guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) recommend up to three sequential shocks for persistent ventricular fibrillation (vf). we hypothesized that the time consumed for repetitive rhythm analyses and recharging of the capacitor compromises the success of the second and third shock of each sequence. in 60 domestic pigs, vf was electrically induced and untreated for 7 min. after 1 min of cpr, which includes precordial compression and ventilation, up to three sequential shocks w ... | 2006 | 16517041 |
| antigenic properties and diagnostic potential of african swine fever virus protein pp62 expressed in insect cells. | african swine fever (asf) is an infectious and economically important disease of domestic pigs. the absence of vaccine renders the diagnostic test the only tool that can be used for the control of new outbreaks of the disease. at present, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test is the most useful method for large-scale asf serological studies, although false positives have been detected, mainly on poorly preserved sera. in order to improve the current diagnostic test available for asf ... | 2006 | 16517882 |
| collagen foil (tissufoil e) reduces the formation of adhesions when using polypropylene mesh for the repair of experimental abdominal wall defects. | polypropylene meshes (ppms) are routinely used in the treatment of incisional hernias to achieve a tension-free closure of the abdominal wall. severe adhesions are a common cause of intestinal obstruction, or even intestinal fistulas. using a porcine model, we investigated whether applying a collagen foil (cf) to the undersurface of a ppm will reduce adhesion formation. | 2006 | 16520931 |
| a new model of abdominal aortic aneurysm with gastric serosa patch: surgical technique and short-term evaluation. | the purpose of this work was to develop an abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa) model that resembles human aneurysms with potential for further growth, patent collateral vessels, and a predictable tendency to rupture, and that can be used in the development of new endoprostheses and implant training. an infrarenal aaa model was created in five domestic swine using an autologous gastric serosal patch. pre- and postsurgical digital subtraction aortograms (dsa) were obtained to document the appearance a ... | 2006 | 16531367 |
| genetic analysis of ankamali pigs of india using microsatellite markers and their comparison with other domesticated indian pig types. | ankamali pigs, the domesticated native pigs of kerala province of india were genetically characterized using 23 fao recommended microsatellite markers and were compared with other native indian pig types and large white pigs. twenty-six blood samples were collected from genetically unrelated animals from their breeding tract and dna was isolated by standard procedure of phenol/chloroform. the genomic dna was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) at these 23 microsatellite loci, which were ... | 2006 | 16533367 |
| surgical technique for long-term cecal cannulation in the yucatan minipig (sus scrofa domestica). | measurements of standardized ileal digestibility yield more useful results than do those of fecal digestibility. to that end, cecal cannulation of the pig has been performed extensively in an attempt to model the digestive processes of humans. here we introduce a technique for the placement of a permanent cecal cannula with a silicon port that is larger in diameter than those previously described in the literature. a large lumen offers several advantages, most notably ease in collection of large ... | 2006 | 16539336 |
| hyperoxic ventilation increases the tolerance of acute normovolemic anemia in anesthetized pigs. | to investigate the impact of prophylactic hyperoxic ventilation with fio2 0.6 on the physiologic limit of acute normovolemic anemia. | 2006 | 16540965 |
| mandibular mechanics after osteotomy and distraction appliance placement i: postoperative mobility of the osteotomy site. | fixation at the osteotomy site for mandibular distraction osteogenesis (do) is probably not rigid, especially during mastication. micromotion may affect the course of do. this study aimed to measure the mobility of the fresh distractor-fixed osteotomy site in response to mastication and masticatory muscle stimulation. | 2006 | 16546640 |
| mandibular mechanics following osteotomy and appliance placement ii: bone strain on the body and condylar neck. | the purpose of this investigation was to determine if the mechanical environment of the mandible is changed by osteotomy and fixation, as assessed by the measurement of bone strain on the condylar neck and mandibular corpus. | 2006 | 16546641 |
| [background of recent je vaccine issues]. | in japan, more than 5,000 patients were reported in 1950, and there have been less than 10 cases annually since 1992. however, japanese encephalitis virus caused of japanese encephalitis (je) are still existed highly and widely in the country, reported by national institute of infectious diseases with serological examination among domestic pig population. je immunization had been provided to children as category 1 routine immunization in japan. however, the ministry of health, labor and welfare ... | 2005 | 16557017 |
| a randomized comparison of manual, mechanical and high-impulse chest compression in a porcine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation. | elevated coronary perfusion pressure (cpp) during cpr is associated with return of spontaneous circulation (rosc). we compared cpp achieved with three methods of chest compression: manual (man), mechanical (mech) and high-impulse mechanical (hi) in a porcine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation (vf). we hypothesized that hi (very rapid acceleration of the down-stroke) would produce greater cpps than man or mech, and that hi would also produce a higher rate of rosc. | 2006 | 16563597 |
| high prevalence of trypanosoma brucei gambiense group 1 in pigs from the fontem sleeping sickness focus in cameroon. | to understand the importance of domestic pigs in the epidemiology of human trypanosomiasis, pcr was used to identify trypanosome populations in 133 pigs from the fontem sleeping sickness focus of cameroon. the results from this study show that 73.7% (98/133) of pigs from the fontem area carry at least one trypanosome species. trypanosoma vivax, t. brucei s.l. and t. congolense forest were found in 34.6% (46/133), 40.0% (53/133) and 46.0% (61/133) of the pigs respectively. t. simiae and t. congol ... | 2006 | 16567049 |
| the postnatal development of neocortical neurons and glial cells in the göttingen minipig and the domestic pig brain. | the first mathematically unbiased estimates of neocortical cell numbers are presented from the developing pig brain, including a full description of tissue processing and optimal sampling for application of the stereological optical fractionator method in this species. the postnatal development of neocortical neurons and glial cells from the experimental göttingen minipig was compared with the postnatal development of neocortical neurons in the domestic pig. a significant postnatal development w ... | 2006 | 16574805 |
| histochemical assessment of early myocardial infarction using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride in blood-perfused porcine hearts. | although the chemical mechanism of the triphenyltetrazolium (ttc) reaction, for macroscopic detection of myocardial infarction, has been described previously, literature reports on correct tissue preparation and the use of this technique in intact large animals are lacking. | 2006 | 16580232 |
| facial injury of infant by domestic pig bite: neglect, ignorance, or house designs defect? | | 2006 | 16582824 |
| porcine circovirus diseases. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is a member of the family circoviridae, a recently established virus family composed of small, non-enveloped viruses, with a circular, single-stranded dna genome. pcv2, which is found all over the world in the domestic pig and probably the wild boar, has been recently associated with a number of disease syndromes, which have been collectively named porcine circovirus diseases (pcvd). postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), porcine dermatitis and nephro ... | 2005 | 16583778 |
| a simple dsa method to detect air contamination during co2 venous studies. | the use of co2 as a contrast agent has increased significantly for visualization of the central veins, inferior vena cava, and portal vein. the most serious complication associated with co2 studies is air contamination. we evaluated a simple digital subtraction angiogram (dsa) method to detect air contamination during co2 venous studies. after injections of 5, 10, and 20 cm3 of co2 and 5 cm3 of air into the inferior vena cavas of five domestic swine in the left lateral decubitus position, a dsa ... | 2006 | 16604404 |
| volumetric coronary angiography using the 256-detector row computed tomography scanner: comparison in vivo and in vitro with porcine models. | to investigate the feasibility of volumetric cine imaging in human cardiac studies by comparing in vivo and in vitro coronary angiography using a 256-detector row computed tomography (ct) without ecg gating. | 2006 | 16604966 |
| isolation and characterization of a sagiyama virus from domestic pigs. | in 2002, a strain of sagiyama virus (sagv) designated ml/taiwan/02 was isolated from farmed pigs in taiwan. the nsp1 and e1 gene sequences of the ml/taiwan/02 strain shared 98.6 and 96.7% homology, respectively, with corresponding genes of a japanese strain of sagv. nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparison revealed this strain of sagv to be most closely related to getah virus, as opposed to its current classification as a subtype of ross river virus. to investigate the seroprevalence of sag ... | 2006 | 16617695 |
| identify the injury implements by sem/edx and icp-aes. | the forensic investigator is frequently confronted with the discrimination and deduction of injury implements, which is one of the most important physical testimonies in courts. the usual method used in actual cases is from points of morphology. in the forensic discrimination of injury implements, such as metal implements, the analysis and comparison of elements are expected to provide excellent results, and simultaneous multi-elemental analysis is required to analyze various kinds of elements. ... | 2007 | 16621384 |
| [ultrastructural study of the pulmonary veins in pigs]. | to explore the possible relationship between the ultrastructural characteristics of pulmonary veins and the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation originating from pulmonary veins. | 2006 | 16626553 |
| consumption of alcohol by sows in a choice test. | the domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus) has been proposed as an animal model for human alcoholism because pigs have been observed to consume alcohol voluntarily to a state of intoxication and to exhibit tolerance and physical dependence. however, it has not been established whether pigs can develop psychological dependence on alcohol. we hypothesised that feed-restricted, stall-housed pregnant sows fed alcohol non-voluntarily for 5 weeks would develop a preference for alcohol and retain this pr ... | 2006 | 16631215 |
| unintended thermal injuries from radiofrequency ablation: protection with 5% dextrose in water. | radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tumors can lead to thermal injury of surrounding structures. both saline and 5% dextrose in water (d5) have been used to displace these surrounding structures before radiofrequency ablation. the purpose of this study was to determine the relative effectiveness of these two fluids for protecting the diaphragm and lung during radiofrequency ablation. | 2006 | 16632684 |
| response of lightly and highly pigmented porcine skin (sus scrofa domestica) to single 3.8-microm laser radiation pulses. | the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of melanin on skin response to single 3.8-microm, 8-micros laser pulses and the difference in lesion formation thresholds. our hypothesis was that pigmentation would play a significant role in skin energy absorption at 3.8 microm. previous studies comparing pigmented and lightly pigmented porcine skin with human skin found that compared with yorkshire pigs, yucatan minipigs were a superior model for laser skin exposure because of their higher ... | 2006 | 16642968 |
| compound subretinal prostheses with extra-ocular parts designed for human trials: successful long-term implantation in pigs. | subretinal implants aim to replace photoreceptor function in patients suffering from degenerative retinal disease like retinitis pigmentosa by topically applying electrical stimuli in the subretinal space. this study-as a last step before upcoming human trials-explored a newly developed surgical technique for permanent implantation of complex subretinal implants with extra-ocular parts. | 2007 | 16645861 |
| [diversity of wild and domestic pig populations estimated by a set of serum allotypes]. | variation of serum protein allotypes serving as genetic markers of the blood has been analyzed in 29 populations of the domestic pig and subspecies of the wild boar. the population biodiversity and genetic structure have been estimated by two methods: by the frequencies of allotype combinations and with the use of a map constructed in the space of two principal components. the results obtained are the basis for determining the characteristics of the microevolution of wild boars and formation of ... | 2006 | 16649668 |
| the peritoneal cavity is a distinct compartment of angiogenic molecular mediators. | this study was designed to analyze porcine plasma and peritoneal fluid for concentration differences of angiogenic molecular mediators and to determine local peritoneal sites of production of these molecules. | 2006 | 16650862 |
| tensile strength comparison of small intestinal submucosa body wall repair. | porcine small intestinal submucosa (sis) has been studied for body wall repair. however, the best method to implant the biological material has not been investigated. the objective of this study was to compare tensile strengths achieved after healing when sis was placed using three implant techniques (onlay, inlay, underlay) in a porcine model of abdominal wall defect. | 2006 | 16650864 |
| intracoronary aqueous oxygen perfusion, performed 24 h after the onset of postinfarction reperfusion, experimentally reduces infarct size and improves left ventricular function. | intracoronary aqueous oxygen (ao) hyperoxemic perfusion, initiated shortly (15-30 min) after the onset of postinfarction reperfusion, reduces infarct size and improves left ventricular function. whether such therapy provides similar benefits when administered many hours after the onset of reperfusion is unknown. accordingly, the hypothesis was tested that ao hyperbaric perfusion, performed 24 h after the onset of postinfarction reperfusion, reduces infarct size and improves left ventricular ejec ... | 2006 | 16650907 |
| the safety of autologous intracoronary stem cell injections in a porcine model of chronic myocardial ischemia. | intracoronary mononuclear cell therapy may produce angiogenesis in chronic myocardial ischemia. potential complications include periprocedural infarction secondary to: reduced coronary blood flow; hyperviscosity from the cell preparation; or microvascular dysfunction. to date, no studies to evaluate these potential complications have been reported. the objective of this report was to study the safety and feasibility of intracoronary injections of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells in a por ... | 2006 | 16670448 |
| infection of pigs in ireland with lymphotropic gamma-herpesviruses and relationship to postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | three species of porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (plhvs) have been described but there are few reports on the distribution and prevalence of these viruses in domestic pigs. we aimed to determine the plhv status of irish commercial pig herds, and to this end spleens taken from 110 healthy adult pigs sourced from 22 geographically distributed farms in ireland were analysed for plhv dna using novel species-specific polymerase chain reaction assays. we now report that plhv infection is widespread ... | 2006 | 16672182 |
| differences in femoral compact bone tissue microscopic structure between adult cows (bos taurus) and pigs (sus scrofa domestica). | the purpose of this investigation was to study in detail compact bone tissue microscopic structure of adult cows and pigs with an emphasis to find an adequate key for the species identification. altogether 18 femurs were analysed. each of the bones was sectioned at the smallest breadth of their diaphysis. specimens were prepared using standard histological equipment, producing thin sections approximately 80-100 mum thick. the qualitative differences between investigated species were examined in ... | 2006 | 16677211 |
| hydroxyethyl starch 130 kd/0.4 and albumin improve cvvh biocompatibility whereas gelatin and hydroxyethyl starch 200 kd/0.5 lead to adverse side effects of cvvh in anesthetized pigs. | both fluid management and renal replacement therapies play a fundamental role in the treatment of critically ill patients. in a recent in vitro study, we have shown specific interactions of different colloids and the hemocompatibility of hemofilters. the present study was performed to compare the five most common fluids for volume resuscitation, i.e., normal saline (sal), hydroxyethyl starch 130 kd/0.4 (hes130), hydroxyethyl starch 200 kd/0.5 (hes200), albumin (alb), and gelatin (gel) with respe ... | 2006 | 16680020 |
| preclinical safety assessment of a dna vaccine using particle-mediated epidermal delivery in domestic pig, minipig and mouse. | dna vaccination involves the direct injection of genes coding for specific antigenic proteins. one technique known as particle-mediated epidermal delivery (pmed) is a practical approach for epidermal delivery and provides a strong immune response. an important aspect of the preclinical safety assessment of dna vaccines is the selection of a pharmacologically relevant animal model for the assessment of antigen expression, optimization of delivery and formulation of the plasmid. this paper describ ... | 2006 | 16713213 |
| [genetic typing of classical swine fever viruses--a review]. | classical swine fever (csf) is a notifiable disease of domestic pigs and wild boar. it is caused by the highly contagious csf virus and in its acute form the disease generally results in high morbidity and mortality. due to the great economical impact an outbreak can cause to the pig industry it is one of the most important swine diseases worldwide. to limit the damage in the case of a new outbreak it is necessary to identify the virus as fast as possible. this information helps epidemiologists ... | 2006 | 16716047 |
| replication of classical swine fever virus strains and isolates in different porcine cell lines. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is an economically important pathogen of domestic pigs and wild boar. due to the highly variable clinical picture of csf, laboratory methods are essential for an unambiguous diagnosis. virus isolation using cell culture is still considered the gold standard. it is based on the incubation of permissive cells with organ or leukocyte preparations followed by antigen detection. in the "eu diagnostic manual for csf diagnosis", the permanent cell line pk(15) (porcine ... | 2006 | 16716048 |
| case report: the significance of genotyping for the epidemiological tracing of classical swine fever (csf). | in germany, eleven outbreaks of csf in domestic pig holdings were reported in 2002. they occurred exclusively in regions where csf virus circulated in the wild boar population. in ten cases the phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates from domestic pigs and wild boar had identical sequences in the 5' non-translated region (5'ntr). however, in one case a subtype was isolated which was slightly different from the virus subtype found in the wild boar population of that region. this case is ... | 2006 | 16716053 |
| the minipig in toxicology. | the use of pigs (sus scrofa) in biomedical research is well established in particular in surgical and physiological research. for years both pigs and minipigs have been used in pharmacology and toxicology to answer specific questions when the more conventional species have been found unsuitable. the development of minipigs has resulted in strains of more manageable size than the domestic pig. because of their well-accepted physiological and other similarities to humans, minipigs are becoming inc ... | 2006 | 16725317 |
| new data on aberrant spermatozoa in the ejaculate of sus domesticus. | this paper describes 16 new types of aberrant spermatozoa observed by scanning electron microscopy in the ejaculate of two healthy, sexually mature landrace boars. the new anomalies observed were 1) spermatozoa with folded tail and abnormal head; 2) tailless spermatozoa with an abnormal connecting piece; 3) immature spermatozoa with two tails of the same length, fused and coiled; 4) spermatozoa with two tails of the same length, fused and coiled, and a small, rounded head; 5) spermatozoa with tw ... | 1991 | 16726941 |
| in vitro development of embryos from sinclair miniature pigs: a preliminary report. | the goal of this project was to identify conditions that result in development from the zygote or the 2-cell stage sinclair miniature pig embryos to the blastocyst stage. four media were selected, 2 that have been shown to result in in vitro development in domestic pigs (hepes buffered tyrode's medium and whitten's medium), 1 that is compatible with similar development in the cow (cr-1), and 1 that is compatible with development in the mouse (czb). one- and two-cell stage embryos from sinclair m ... | 1995 | 16727687 |
| domestic swine in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area produce antibodies against multiple leishmania infantum antigens but apparently resist to l. infantum infection. | in order to investigate whether pigs can be infected by leishmania infantum, a serological and parasitological study was carried out on swine in the jequié municipality, northeast of brazil. anti-leishmania infantum antibodies were detected in 37 out of 92 swine (40.2%), by two different assays: an anti-l. infantum lysate and an anti-k39 recombinant protein elisa. an experimental study was also carried out to verify the susceptibility of domestic pigs to l. infantum infection. three sows inocula ... | 2006 | 16730628 |
| monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (sus scrofa) in slovenia. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious multi-systemic haemorrhagic viral disease of pigs. not only domestic pigs, but also wild boar appear to play a crucial role in the epidemiology of csf. spleen (n = 739) and blood coagulum (n = 562) sampled from wild boars (sus scrofa) shot in 2002, and serum samples from 746 wild boar shot in 2003 and 2004, were tested throughout slovenia. in 2002, 17 samples were positive on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test for antibodies against ... | 2006 | 16732885 |
| measuring the extent of linkage disequilibrium in commercial pig populations. | to evaluate the extent of linkage disequilibrium in domestic pigs, we genotyped 33 and 44 unrelated individuals from two commercial populations for 29 and five microsatellite markers located on chromosomes 15 and 2 respectively. a high proportion of marker pairs up to 40 cm apart exhibited significant linkage disequilibrium in both populations. pair-wise r(2) values averaged between 0.15 and 0.50 (depending on chromosome and population) for markers <1 cm apart and declined to values of 0.05 for ... | 2006 | 16734681 |
| identification of a single killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (kir) gene in the porcine leukocyte receptor complex on chromosome 6q. | human killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (kir) are expressed on natural killer (nk) cells and are involved in their immunoreactivity. while kir with a long cytoplasmic tail deliver an inhibitory signal when bound to their respective major histocompatibility complex class i ligands, kir with a short cytoplasmic tail can activate nk responses. the expansion of the kir gene family originally appeared to be a phenomenon restricted to primates (human, apes, and monkeys) in comparison to rodents, wh ... | 2006 | 16738944 |
| some factors affecting skin and wound healing. | the domestic pig is the preferred animal for studying the effects of environmental factors on skin and wound because its integument is more like that of man than any other. the three factors that most drastically affect the pattern, speed and quality of healing are dehydration of exposed tissues, the status of the blood supply bringing oxygen and nutrients to the area and sepsis. wounds exposed to the air lose water vapour, the upper dermis dries and healing takes place beneath a dry scab. cover ... | 2006 | 16752710 |
| one-shock versus three-shock defibrillation protocol significantly improves outcome in a porcine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. | the success of resuscitation with a 1-shock versus the conventional 3-shock defibrillation protocol was investigated subject to the range of treatment variation imposed by automated external defibrillators (aeds). | 2006 | 16754801 |
| histological and fluorescence microscopic examination of the bone/implant interface in orthodontic miniscrews (mondeal). | the temporary nature of orthodontic implants demands optimisation of size and design in order to minimise damage and risk to the patient. slender and shorter miniscrews offer the advantage over conventional implants of easier and more ubiquitous positioning with minimised risk of injury to neighbouring anatomical structures such as tooth roots, nerves or vessels. the question is raised, however, as to what extent these advantages are gained at the price of diminished stability or a more unfavour ... | 2006 | 16783742 |
| mitochondrial diversity in european and chinese pigs is consistent with population expansions that occurred prior to domestication. | mitochondrial dna (mtdna) diversity in european and asian pigs was assessed using 1536 samples representing 45 european and 21 chinese breeds. diagnostic nucleotide differences in the cytochrome b (cytb) gene between the european and asian mtdna variants were determined by pyrosequencing as a rapid screening method. subsequently, 637bp of the hypervariable control region was sequenced to further characterize mtdna diversity. all sequences belonged to the d1 and d2 clusters of pig mtdna originati ... | 2006 | 16790414 |
| influence of negative expiratory pressure ventilation on hemodynamic variables during severe hemorrhagic shock. | outcome after trauma with severe hemorrhagic shock is still dismal. since the majority of blood is present in the venous vessels, it might be beneficial to perform venous recruiting via the airway during severe hemorrhagic shock. therefore, the purpose of our study was to evaluate the effects of negative expiratory pressure ventilation on mean arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, and short-term survival during severe hemorrhagic shock. | 2006 | 16791108 |
| in planta production of two peptides of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) e2 glycoprotein fused to the coat protein of potato virus x. | classical swine fever (csfv) is one of the most important viral infectious diseases affecting wild boars and domestic pigs. the etiological agent of the disease is the csf virus, a single stranded rna virus belonging to the family flaviviridae. all preventive measures in domestic pigs have been focused in interrupting the chain of infection and in avoiding the spread of csfv within wild boars as well as interrupting transmission from wild boars to domestic pigs. the use of plant based vaccine ag ... | 2006 | 16792815 |
| evaluation of myocardial metabolism with microdialysis after protection with cold blood- or cold crystalloid cardioplegia. a porcine model. | there has been a considerable change in the patient population referred for cardiac surgery in the last decade. more complex and marginal patients require optimized myocardial protection. an insufficient cardioplegic procedure results in anaerobic metabolism during cardiac arrest with subsequent lactate accumulation. increased lactate level is regarded as a predictor for low cardiac output syndrome. in an acute porcine model we examined two standard cardioplegic methods. myocardial microdialysis ... | 2006 | 16798667 |
| multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of reperfused acute myocardial infarction. | we evaluated the accuracy of in vivo delayed-enhancement multislice computed tomography (de-msct) and delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (de-mri) for the assessment of myocardial infarct size using postmortem triphenyltetrazolium chloride (ttc) pathology as standard of reference. | 2006 | 16814660 |
| luteinization of porcine preovulatory follicles leads to systematic changes in follicular gene expression. | the lh surge initiates the luteinization of preovulatory follicles and causes hormonal and structural changes that ultimately lead to ovulation and the formation of corpora lutea. the objective of the study was to examine gene expression in ovarian follicles (n = 11) collected from pigs (sus scrofa domestica) approaching estrus (estrogenic preovulatory follicle; n = 6 follicles from two sows) and in ovarian follicles collected from pigs on the second day of estrus (preovulatory follicles that we ... | 2006 | 16816339 |
| reconstructing impairment of secretory ameloblast function in porcine teeth by analysis of morphological alterations in dental enamel. | we studied the relationship between the macroscopic appearance of hypoplastic defects in the dental enamel of wild boar and domestic pigs, and microstructural enamel changes, at both the light and the scanning electron microscopic levels. deviations from normal enamel microstructure were used to reconstruct the functional and related morphological changes of the secretory ameloblasts caused by the action of stress factors during amelogenesis. the deduced reaction pattern of the secretory amelobl ... | 2006 | 16822273 |
| zoonotic implications of the swine-transmitted protozoal infections. | pig production is an important part of the economy in many countries. domestic and wild pigs (sus scrofa) are susceptible to a wide range of infectious and parasitic diseases. some of these diseases are specifically limited to pigs while some of the other diseases are shared with other species of wildlife and domestic livestock. as the numbers and geographic distribution of wild and domestic swines continue to increase, it is certain that the number of contacts between these swines and domestic ... | 2006 | 16828229 |
| pestiviruses in wild animals. | pestiviruses are not strictly host-species specific and can infect not only domestic but also wild animals. the most important pestivirus, csfv, infects domestic pigs and wild boars, which may cause a major problem for successful csfv eradication programmes. mainly bvdv specific antibodies have been reported in captive and free-living animals. virus has been isolated from some of these animal species, but since bvdv can contaminate cell cultures and foetal calf serum, early reports of bvdv isola ... | 2006 | 16839713 |
| first description and morphology of haemal nodes in piglets (sus scrofa domestica). | in this study, the presence of haemal nodes, previously recognised especially in ruminants, was determined for the first time in piglets. the morphology of haemal nodes located in the abdominal cavity of seven piglets was studied by gross inspection and by histological methods. haemal nodes reddish in colour and oval or round in shape were observed on the thin branches originating from the caudal and cranial mesenteric arteries. these nodes, having connection only with blood vessels, were covere ... | 2006 | 16841752 |
| effect of a short-acting no donor on bubble formation from a saturation dive in pigs. | it has previously been reported that a nitric oxide (no) donor reduces bubble formation from an air dive and that blocking no production increases bubble formation. the present study was initiated to see whether a short-acting no donor (glycerol trinitrate, 5 mg/ml; nycomed pharma) given immediately before start of decompression would affect the amount of vascular bubbles during and after decompression from a saturation dive in pigs. a total of 14 pigs (sus scrofa domestica of the strain norsk l ... | 2006 | 16857861 |
| genetic involvement in skin wound healing and scarring in domestic pigs: assessment of molecular expression patterns in (yorkshire x red duroc) x yorkshire backcross animals. | yorkshire, red duroc, and f1 (first-generation cross) pigs heal with normal, fibroproliferative/hypercontractile, and intermediate levels of scarring, respectively. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the healing phenotype of yorkshire x f1 backcross animals, to address the molecular basis for genetic transmission of the red duroc scarring phenotype. macroscopically and histologically, full-thickness wounds on backcross animals followed the yorkshire phenotype, with one exception; the back ... | 2007 | 16858423 |
| seasonality of reproduction in gilts and sows. | in the wild, the pig adapts her reproductive functions according to the seasonal changes in the environment, such as the ambient temperature and availability of food. like in other short day seasonal breeders, breeding season is favoured in the mid winter in order to provide the offspring with the best chances to survive four months later. seasonal changes in environment are perceived mainly by the ability of the pig to recognise seasonal changes in photoperiod. this information is mediated thro ... | 2006 | 16866319 |
| testis morphometry, duration of spermatogenesis, and spermatogenic efficiency in the wild boar (sus scrofa scrofa). | the wild boar is a natural inhabitant of europe, asia, and north africa and is phylogenetically the ancestor of the domestic pig. because of its phylogenetic and economic importance, this species is an interesting model for studying testis function in boars. therefore, the present study was performed to investigate the testis structure, spermatogenic cycle length, and sertoli cell (sc) and spermatogenic efficiencies in eight adult wild boars. each spermatogenic cycle lasted 9.05 days, and the to ... | 2006 | 16870941 |
| retinal oximetry using intravitreal illumination. | to demonstrate spectroscopic retinal oximetry measurements on arteries and veins in swine using intravitreal illumination. retinal arterial and venous saturations are measured for a range of inspired o2 levels after pars plana vitrectomy. | 2006 | 16877270 |
| optic nerve ph and po2: the effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibition, and metabolic and respiratory acidosis. | earlier studies have demonstrated that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (cais) increase optic nerve oxygen tension (onpo(2)) in pigs. we hypothesized that the mechanism of this effect was either a co(2) increase or a ph decrease in tissue and blood. to test this hypothesis we investigated and compared how optic nerve ph (onph) and onpo(2) are affected by: (1) carbonic anhydrase inhibition; (2) respiratory acidosis, and (3) metabolic acidosis. we measured onph with a glass ph electrode and onpo(2) w ... | 2006 | 16879567 |
| adaptive conditioning of skeletal muscle in a large animal model (sus domesticus). | recognition of the adaptive capacity of mammalian skeletal muscle has opened the way to a number of clinical applications. for most of these, the fast, fatigue-susceptible fibres need to be transformed stably to fast, fatigue-resistant fibres that express the 2a myosin heavy chain isoform. the thresholds for activity-induced change are size-dependent, so although the requisite patterns of electrical stimulation are known for the rabbit, in humans these same patterns would produce type 1 fibre ch ... | 2006 | 16879597 |
| auto-transplantation of the uterus in the domestic pig (sus scrofa): surgical technique and early reperfusion events. | to develop a method for auto-transplantation of the uterus in the pig and to evaluate the early reperfusion events after short-term cold ischemia. | 2006 | 16882260 |
| demodex phylloides (acari, demodecidae) as a specific parasite of sus scrofa (mammalia, artiodactyla). | within 1994-2000, sections of skin collected from eleven areas on the body of 650 wild boars and 85 pigs living in the northern poland and in the great poland were examined. the d. phylloides infestation in the wild boar was observed to be very heavy (prevalence 32%, mean intensity 74 ind.). in contrast, the domestic pig turned out to be free of the parasite. the wild boar d. phylloides infestations are symptomless. the parasite is relatively rare in the domestic pig, although the high animal de ... | 2001 | 16886429 |
| absorption of the nerve agent vx (o-ethyl-s-[2(di-isopropylamino)ethyl] methyl phosphonothioate) through pig, human and guinea pig skin in vitro. | the physico-chemical properties of vx make the skin the most likely route of absorption into the human body. the development of effective medical countermeasures against such percutaneous threat agents relies on the use of appropriate animal models, as the inherent toxicity of nerve agents precludes the use of human volunteers. previous studies have characterised the mechanism of nerve agent toxicity in rodent models, however, it is generally accepted that one of the most appropriate animal mode ... | 2006 | 16904285 |
| scaffold-free, engineered porcine cartilage construct for cartilage defect repair--in vitro and in vivo study. | this study introduces an implantable scaffold-free (sf) cartilage tissue construct that is composed of chondrocytes and their self-produced extracellular matrix (ecm). chondrocytes were isolated from the articular cartilages from knees of domestic pigs (2-week old) and monolayer-cultured for 3-4 days in dulbecco's modified eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and 50 microg/ml of ascorbic acid. briefly treated with 0.25% trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta), an intact c ... | 2006 | 16911312 |
| phenotype-based identification of host genes required for replication of african swine fever virus. | african swine fever virus (asfv) produces a fatal acute hemorrhagic fever in domesticated pigs that potentially is a worldwide economic threat. using an expressed sequence tag (est) library-based antisense method of random gene inactivation and a phenotypic screen for limitation of asfv replication in cultured human cells, we identified six host genes whose cellular functions are required by asfv. these included three loci, bat3 (hla-b-associated transcript 3), c1qtnf (c1q and tumor necrosis fac ... | 2006 | 16912318 |
| increased spatial vasa vasorum density in the proximal lad in hypercholesterolemia--implications for vulnerable plaque-development. | vasa vasorum (vv) neovascularization is associated with advanced and ruptured atherosclerotic lesions that occur predominantly within the proximal third of the lad. to investigate further the possible role of vv spatial distribution in determining this predominantly proximal location of complex lesions we analyzed the changes in vv spatial densities along the lad in early atherosclerosis. | 2007 | 16919638 |
| isolation and characterization of novel h3n1 swine influenza viruses from pigs with respiratory diseases in korea. | pigs can play an important role in the genetic reassortment of influenza viruses and as a reservoir for another lineage of influenza viruses that have the ability to reassort and be transmitted between species. in march and april 2006, novel h3n1 influenza a viruses were isolated from pigs with respiratory diseases at two different commercial swine farms in korea. genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the sequences of all eight viral rna segments showed that the novel h3n1 swine influenza viruses ... | 2006 | 16928961 |
| the uncoupling protein 1 gene (ucp1) is disrupted in the pig lineage: a genetic explanation for poor thermoregulation in piglets. | piglets appear to lack brown adipose tissue, a specific type of fat that is essential for nonshivering thermogenesis in mammals, and they rely on shivering as the main mechanism for thermoregulation. here we provide a genetic explanation for the poor thermoregulation in pigs as we demonstrate that the gene for uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) was disrupted in the pig lineage. ucp1 is exclusively expressed in brown adipose tissue and plays a crucial role for thermogenesis by uncoupling oxidative phosp ... | 2006 | 16933999 |
| marker vaccine strategies and candidate csfv marker vaccines. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important highly contagious disease of swine worldwide. classical swine fever virus (csfv) is its etiological agent, and the only natural hosts are domestic pigs and wild boars. although field csfv strains vary in the virulence, they all result in serious losses in pig industry. highly virulent field strains generally cause acute disease and high mortality; moderately virulent field strains raise subacute or chronic infections; postnatal infection b ... | 2007 | 16934915 |
| in vivo cardiovascular catheterization under real-time mri guidance. | to test the hypothesis that cardiac and coronary catheterization can be successfully performed under real-time mr guidance using a conventional x-ray angiographic catheter. | 2006 | 16941633 |