| [recent food poisoning and molecular biology]. | | 1995 | 8568396 |
| demonstration of a ferric vibrioferrin-binding protein in the outer membrane of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | under iron-restricted conditions, vibrio parahaemolyticus produces a siderophore, vibrioferrin, accompanying expression of two major outer membrane proteins of 78 and 83 kda. autoradiographic analysis of nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoregrams of outer membrane preparations previously incubated with [35fe]ferric vibrioferrin revealed a single radiolabeled band, in which the 78-kda protein was detected predominantly by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the anti ... | 1995 | 8577266 |
| identification of pasteurella multocida tryptophan synthase beta-subunit by antisera against strain p1059. | pasteurella multocida strain p1059 is a highly virulent bacterium which causes fowl cholera in turkeys and chickens. a genomic library of p. multocida p1059 dna was constructed using puc19, expressed in escherichia coli dh5 alpha, and screened with chicken antisera generated against p. multocida p1059. twelve out of the 4100 clones screened were immunoreactive. plasmids isolated from these twelve clones were transformed into e. coli csr603 for maxicell analysis. five proteins, with molecular mas ... | 1996 | 8581158 |
| ca(2+)-independent cytotoxicity of vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) on intestine 407, a cell line derived from human embryonic intestine. | the effects of vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysis on intestine 407, a cell line derived from the intestine of human embryos, were investigated. the hemolysin was shown to be cytotoxic to intestine 407. this cytotoxicity is accompanied by the damage of plasma membrane and lysosomes, as well as cellular degeneration in the form of large transparent blebs. although an increase in cytosolic free ca2+ due t the influx of extracellular ca2+ was observed in cells treated with thermos ... | 1995 | 8586273 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of vibrio parahaemolyticus ompk gene encoding a 26-kda outer membrane protein, ompk, that serves as receptor for a broad-host-range vibriophage, kvp40. | the ompk gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus 1010 (rimd 2210001) encoding an outer membrane protein (omp), ompk, which serves as the receptor for a broad-host-range vibriophage, kvp40, was cloned and sequenced. the gene consisted of 789 nucleotides encoding 263 amino acids. since the first 20 amino acids most likely constitute the signal peptide, mature ompk would consist of 243 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 27458 da. sequence comparisons indicate that ompk is unique among vibrio o ... | 1995 | 8586275 |
| occurrence of urease-positive vibrio parahaemolyticus in kanagawa, japan, with specific reference to presence of thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and the tdh-related-hemolysin genes. | a total of 132 strains of v. parahaemolyticus isolated from patients and from the suspected causal food items of past food poisoning cases occurring in kanagawa prefecture, japan, were examined for the ability to hydrolyze urea, with specific reference to the presence of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene (tdh) and the gene for thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh). ten strains belonging to five different o-antigen serotypes were positive for urea hydrolysis (uh+), and four o ... | 1996 | 8593076 |
| changes to erythrocyte membrane cation permeability induced by a bacterial toxin. | vibrio parahaemolyticus secretes an exotoxin prepared as kanagawa haemolysin (kh) which causes marked alterations to the function of epithelial, cardiac and other cell types, but whose cellular mode of action is poorly understood. using human red cells as a model system with radiotracer flux techniques, we have shown that kh (1) markedly elevated the basal leak to k+, (2) raised ca2+ influx, and as a consequence of this, (3) stimulated the ca2+-activated k+ channel. these results suggest that an ... | 1996 | 8596714 |
| properties of a na+/galactose (glucose) symport system in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | we have investigated galactose transport in a mutant strain of vibrio parahaemolyticus that lacks a glucose-pts (phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system) and a trehalose-pts. cells of the v. parahaemolyticus actively transported d-galactose and na+ greatly stimulated the transport. maximum stimulation of d-galactose transport activity was observed at 10mm nacl, and na+ could be replaced with li+. addition of galactose to the cell suspension under anaerobic conditions elicited ... | 1996 | 8603081 |
| the epidemiology of vibrio infections in florida, 1981-1993. | the epidemiology of 690 vibrio infections reported in florida during 1981-1993 is described. most infections resulted in one of three clinical syndromes: gastroenteritis (51%), wound infections (24%), or primary septicemia (17%). case-fatality rates were 1% for gastroenteritis, 5% for wound infections, and 44% for primary septicemia. while gastroenteritis had little seasonal variation, 91% of primary septicemias and 86% of wound infections occurred from april through october, mostly due to the s ... | 1996 | 8627070 |
| cloning and sequencing of the gene for na+/h+ antiporter of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | a gene encoding an na+/h+ antiporter was cloned from vibrio parahaemolyticus into the plasmid pbr322 and expressed in escherichia coli cells. the gene enabled mutant e. coli cells to grow in the presence of 0.2 m nacl (or 10 mm licl). these cells were originally unable to grow under such conditions because of the lack of major na+(li+)/h+ antiporters. we detected na+/h+ antiporter activity due to the gene in membrane vesicles. the gene was sequenced and the deduced amino acid sequence was found ... | 1996 | 8651921 |
| sequence of a na+/glucose symporter gene and its flanking regions of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the nucleotide sequence of an approximately 6 kbp segment of chromosomal dna of vibrio parahaemolyticus was determined. the nucleotide sequence revealed four open reading frames (orfs) in this region. hydropathy profiles of the deduced amino acid sequence of the orfs indicate that orf1 encodes a hydrophobic polypeptide with typical characteristics of a membrane transport protein. all other orfs encode hydrophilic polypeptides. orf1 showed significant amino acid sequence similarity to proteins of ... | 1996 | 8652595 |
| nature of the cation leak induced in erythrocyte membranes by kanagawa haemolysin of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important enteric pathogen that produces an exotoxin prepared as kanagawa haemolysin (kh). isotope flux techniques were used to analyse toxin action on the basal permeability of human erythrocytes. kh induced a cation leak that was (i) rapid in onset (lag phase < 1 min), (ii) 'pore-like' in terms of kinetic characteristics, and (iii) of high magnitude initially (first 10 min) and then subsequently lower (but still raised with reference to control cells). the suscept ... | 1996 | 8664321 |
| food-borne disease outbreaks in taiwan, 1994. | in 1994, 102 outbreaks of food-borne disease involving 4,726 cases were reported to the taiwan department of health. this is the highest number of outbreaks and cases in recent years in taiwan. of these outbreaks, 72.5% (74/102) were caused by bacterial pathogens, with vibrio parahaemolyticus responsible for 56.7% (42/74), staphylococcus aureus 20.3% (15/74), bacillus cereus 14.9% (11/74) and salmonella spp other than s. typhi and s. paratyphi 8.1% (6/74). v. parahaemolyticus has been a leading ... | 1996 | 8688712 |
| [vibrios pathogenic to humans and laboratory diagnosis of diseases caused by them]. | present-day taxonomic status of vibrios pathogenic for humans is discussed, as are the phenotypical characteristics of some species, factors of virulence, and clinical manifestations of diseases caused by these agents. a scheme of isolation and identification of vibrios pathogenic for humans is offered. | 1995 | 8689064 |
| production of thermostable direct hemolysin by vibrio parahaemolyticus enhanced by conjugated bile acids. | the effects of conjugated bile acids, glycocholic acid, and taurocholic acid (tc) on production of thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) by vibrio parahaemolyticus were determined by a reversed passive latex agglutination assay against tdh. the amount of tdh excreted in growth medium containing either glycocholic acid or taurocholic acid (5 mm/liter) was, on a per-cell basis, 4- to 16-fold greater than that excreted in medium without the bile acids. the amounts of tdh released from lysed cells gro ... | 1996 | 8702295 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism of the tdh and trh genes in clinical vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. | the restriction fragment length polymorphism of the genes encoding thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) was analyzed for 137 strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from specimens from diarrheal patients in thailand. the hindiii restriction fragment patterns of tdh and trh were grouped into five and four types, respectively. a strong association between the restriction fragment patterns of tdh and trh was observed with v. parahaemolyti ... | 1996 | 8727923 |
| subspecies typing of vibrio parahaemolyticus by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the most important food-borne pathogens in taiwan, japan, and other costal regions. we report on the development of a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) method for the molecular typing of this pathogen. genomic dna was digested with sfii, and the fragments were resolved on 1% agarose with a contour-clamped homogeneous electric field apparatus set at 190 v and a pulse time of 3 to 80 s. a total of 130 selected isolates obtained from outbreaks during 1993 and ... | 1996 | 8735112 |
| outbreak of diarrhea due to vibrio parahaemolyticus among military personnel in lima, peru. | | 1995 | 8749651 |
| identification and characterization of additional flagellin genes from vibrio anguillarum. | previously, the flagellar filament of vibrio anguillarum was suggested to consist of flagellin a and three additional flagellin proteins, flab, -c, and -d. this study identifies the genes encoding flab, -c, and -d and a possible fifth flagellin gene that may encode flae. the flagellin genes map at two separate dna loci and are most similar to the four polar flagellin genes of vibrio parahaemolyticus, also located at two dna loci. the genetic organization of these two loci is conserved between bo ... | 1996 | 8752337 |
| the sodium-driven polar flagellar motor of marine vibrio as the mechanosensor that regulates lateral flagellar expression. | certain marine vibrio species swim in sea water, propelled by a polar flagellum, and swarm over surfaces using numerous lateral flagella. the polar and the lateral flagellar motors are powered by sodium- and proton-motive forces, respectively. the lateral flagella are produced in media of high viscosity, and the relevant viscosity sensor is the polar flagellum. the cell might monitor either the rotation rate of the flagellar motor or the mechanical force applied against the flagellum. to test th ... | 1996 | 8793868 |
| comparison of a fluorogenic assay with a conventional method for rapid detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafoods. | a conventional method and a fluorogenic assay for the detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus were compared. among 29 seafood samples examined for the presence of v. parahaemolyticus, 17 samples harbored v. parahaemolyticus, and trypsinlike activity was noticed in 19 seafoods. the added fluorogenic substrate was cleaved in single samples of shrimp, turbo, and cuttlefish from which v. parahaemolyticus could not be isolated by the conventional method. vibrio alginolyticus, in addition to v. parahaemo ... | 1996 | 8795246 |
| rapid detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters by immunofluorescence microscopy. | a method of indirect immunofluorescence microscopy was developed for the rapid detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters. affinity-purified antibodies against two outer membrane proteins (molecular mass 36 and 34 kda, respectively) of v. parahaemolyticus were used as the primary antibodies to label the vibrio, and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin g was used to reveal the antigen-antibody reaction. of 85 strains of v. parahaemolyticus tested, all produce ... | 1996 | 8796431 |
| [bacteriological studies of travellar's diarrhoea. 5) analysis of enteropathogenic bacteria at osaka airport quarantine station from january 1992 through september 3rd, 1994]. | during the last 2 years and 8 months before the closure of osaka airport quarantine station (from jan. 1992 to sep. 3, 1994), a total of 7,421,909 overseas travellers were quarantined. 15,919 reported themselves of suffering from diarrhoea. bacteriological examination of a total of 6,031 individuals' stools were performed. 1) various enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 31.2% of the stools examined. isolated species were as follows: plesiomonas shigelloides, 1,127 cases (59.9%); vibrio p ... | 1996 | 8822051 |
| [in vitro antibacterial activity of pazufloxacin (pzfx) against clinical isolates from infectious enteritis]. | antibacterial activity of pazufloxacin (pzfx) against 65 strains of shigella spp., 13 strains of salmonella spp., 7 strains of escherichia coli, 4 strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus, 4 strains of v. cholerae o1, 2 strains of aeromonas spp., 4 strains of plesionomas shigelloides and 3 strains of v. cholerae non-o1 isolated from patients of infectious enteritis and carriers was compared with that of ofloxacin (oflx), ciprofloxacin (cpfx), tosufloxacin (tflx) and nalidixic acid (na). the mic90 of p ... | 1996 | 8822053 |
| effect of iron on the recovery of viable bacteria from the cardiac blood in an experimental mouse model and on the serum resistance and macrophage phagocytosis of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the role of iron in the pathogenesis of vibrio parahaemolyticus, an intestinal pathogen, is not clearly understood. in an intraperitoneally infected mouse model, viable bacteria of a kanagawa-negative food isolate ccrc12958 and a kanagawa-positive clinical isolate st550 of v. parahaemolyticus were rapidly recovered from the cardiac blood before the death of these animals. iron-limitation during the preparation of bacterial culture decreased the appearance of ccrc12958 strain in the cardiac blood ... | 1995 | 8838823 |
| [characteristics of energy transducing systems in membrane of vibrio parahaemolyticus]. | | 1996 | 8840803 |
| [origin of the pathogenic vibrios in the environment: inference from the studies on the molecular genetics of vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus]. | | 1996 | 8840813 |
| purification, characterization, and pathogenicity of urease produced by vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophilic bacterium associated with gastroenteritis and traveller's diarrhea. the urease-positive, kanagawa-negative v. parahaemolyticus had been isolated from patients and the environment in the pacific northwest, first reported by kelly et al. (5). recently, we purified the urease produced by a clinical isolated of v. parahaemolyticus, and its characterization and pathogenicity has been studied. the urease isolation procedure included a water extraction and anion ... | 1996 | 8852357 |
| isolation and partial characterization of polymyxin b-resistant isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | two polymyxin-resistant isolates v2pxr and p1r4pxr of vibrio parahaemolyticus were spontaneously isolated and compared with the polymyxin-sensitive strains as to their chemical compositions of cell envelopes and their outer membrane protein compositions. when grown in the presence or absence of polymyxin, the cell envelopes of polymyxin-resistant isolates showed a significantly increased content of protein as compared with those of respective polymyxin-sensitive strains. both polymyxin-resistant ... | 1996 | 8857266 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus flaj, a homologue of flis, is required for production of a flagellin. | the flaa locus of vibrio parahaemolyticus encodes one of the four polar flagellin genes, the flagellum-capping protein hap2, and three additional flagellar genes. sequence analysis downstream of the gene encoding hap2 revealed the region to be similar to the flid (hap2) locus of pseudomonas aeruginosa. the deduced protein sequences for the newly identified genes suggest that one protein belongs to the family of transcriptional regulatory proteins known to interact with sigma (54), one may be a r ... | 1996 | 8861212 |
| rapid polymerase chain reaction method for detection of kanagawa positive vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafoods. | detection of kanagawa positive strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was tested. primer pairs for specific amplification of tdh gene fragment is described. the assay could detect contamination of seafood homogenate when pcr was performed using lysate prepared directly from fish homogenates. the sensitivity of the assay could be improved to detect less than 10 cells of v. parahaemolyticus by performing pcr after 8 h enrichment in alkaline peptone water. | 1996 | 8880318 |
| [detection of the trh gene in vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from overseas travellers' diarrhea and their biochemical characteristics]. | a total of 478 vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from overseas travellers' diarrhea during the last 7 years of 1989 to 1995 were examined for the production of kanagawa hemolysin by reversed passive latex agglutination (rpla) test. three hundred-seventy (77.4%) out of 478 strains were positive for kanagawa hemolysin, whereas 108 strains were weakly positive or negative. for those kanagawa hemolysin-weakly positive or negative strains, the tdh and trh genes associated with the production o ... | 1996 | 8890549 |
| selective growth of thermostable direct hemolysin-producing vibrio parahaemolyticus in the alimentary tract of a gastropod, clithon retropictus, at a selected estuary in japan. | thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh)-producing vibrio parahaemolyticus increased in cell number in the alimentary tract of a gastropod. clithon retropictus, from an undetectable level in july to 2.0 x 10(3)/g in september 1991 at the sada estuary in the southern part of japan. it was not detected in microalgae, foods of the gastropod, at the estuary or muddy sediments at a neighboring fishing port. the strain was not detected at two estuaries and two fishing ports ecologically separated from the ... | 1996 | 8898295 |
| survival of vibrio parahaemolyticus at low temperatures under starvation conditions and subsequent resuscitation of viable, nonculturable cells. | morphological changes of vibrio parahaemolyticus from rods to spheres took place after a culture was subjected to starvation at a wide range of temperatures. scanning electron micrographs revealed that starved spherical cells gradually developed a rippled cell surface with blebs and an extracellular filamentous substance adhesive to the cell surface. cells starved at a low temperature for certain intervals were counted by various bacterial enumeration methods, including plate count, direct viabl ... | 1996 | 8919790 |
| [an ecological study for prediction of vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning in shizuoka prefecture]. | the mean mpn viable cell counts in 15 samples of sea water in which clams were held at the time of the onset of mass outbreaks of food poisoning, the number of food poisoning outbreaks, and prevalence of kanagawa phenomenon-positive strains, and effectiveness of measures to control food poisoning were investigated over 6 years from 1990 to 1995. the results obtained were as follows: 1. of 6 materials, including sea water and shellfish, which were examined to determine the best marker material fo ... | 1996 | 8940834 |
| isolation and characterization of restriction endonuclease in plesiomonas shigelloides and aeromonas species. | five restriction endonucleases (enases) and one enase were found in a screen of 196 strains of plesiomonas shigelloides and 147 strains of aeromonas species. plesiomonas and aeromonas species are classified as vibrionaceae, identified as food-poisoning bacteria, are closely genetically related to each other, and their enases producing abilities have not bee reported. enases were detected at relatively low frequencies in these species as compared to those in other species, such as salmonella spec ... | 1996 | 8951174 |
| the lons gene regulates swarmer cell differentiation of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus differentiates from a polarly flagellated, short, rod-shaped cell known as the swimmer to the elongated, hyperflagellated, and multinucleated swarmer cell type when it is grown on a surface. the swarmer is adapted to movement over and colonization of surfaces. to understand the signal transduction mechanism by which the bacterium recognizes surfaces and reprograms gene expression, we isolated a new class of mutants defective in surface sensing. these mutants were constitu ... | 1997 | 8981986 |
| utilization of iron sources and its possible roles in the pathogenesis of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important enteropathogen in japan, taiwan and other coastal regions. the influence of the regulation of iron on the pathogenesis of this pathogen has not been well characterized. the growth of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of v. parahaemolyticus on iron-limited agar plates was stimulated by ferritin, lactoferrin and transferrin at 30 microm, and also by hemin, hemoglobin and ferric ammonium citrate at 100 microm. spontaneous iron-utilizing mutant strains (mu ... | 1996 | 8985934 |
| detection of hsp60 (gro-el)-like proteins in vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio species by western immunoblotting analysis. | detection of heat shock proteins in vibrio parahaemolyticus was investigated by sds-page and western immunoblotting procedure using an anti-hsp 60 antibody. results indicate that v. parahaemolyticus elicited at least one hsp 60 (groel)-like protein with apparent molecular weight of about 58,000 (58 kda) when submitted to a heat shift from 30 to 42 degrees c. kanagawa phenomenon-positive and -negative strains of v. parahaemolyticus responded the same way. six other vibrio species also showed an i ... | 1996 | 8987708 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies to the non-membrane-damaging cytotoxin (nmdcy) purified from vibrio cholerae o26 and distribution of nmdcy among strains of vibrio cholerae and other enteric bacteria determined by monoclonal-polyclonal sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the distribution of a newly described secretogenic non-membrane-damaging cytotoxin (nmdcy) among strains of vibrio cholerae and other enteric bacteria was determined. to accomplish this, monoclonal antibodies against nmdcy were prepared and a sandwich monoclonal-polyclonal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed. by the sandwich elisa, it was determined that 55.6% of the 412 strains of v. cholerae examined produced nmdcy at varying concentrations while 76, 37.9, and 15.6% of the ... | 1997 | 9009346 |
| phosphorylation of a 25 kda protein is induced by thermostable direct hemolysin of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) is a possible virulence factor produced by vibrio parahaemolyticus. although tdh has a variety of biological activities, including hemolytic activity, the biochemical mechanism of action remains uncertain. here we analysed biochemical events, especially phosphorylation, caused by tdh in erythrocytes, and found that tdh caused significant phosphorylations of proteins on erythrocyte membrane. phosphorylation of proteins was studies using [gamma-32p] atp and sds- ... | 1996 | 9022294 |
| hemolysins and plasmid profiles of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | forty clinical isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus were studied for the production of the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), and the tdh-related hemolysin (trh) including the respective encoding genes, tdh and trh. the presence of tdh and its encoding genes were found amongst 95% of the strains, whereas the trh was absent amongst these isolates. thirty-two isolates were found to be plasmid-free, whereas eight isolates possessed plasmids with sizes ranging from 2.4 > or = 23 kb. using a dna pro ... | 1996 | 9031414 |
| primary structure and properties of the na+/glucose symporter (sg1s) of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | previously, we cloned and sequenced a dna fragment from vibrio parahaemolyticus and found four open reading frames (orfs). here, we clearly demonstrate that one of the orfs, orf1, is the gene (sgls) encoding a na+/glucose symporter (sgls). we characterize the na+/glucose symporter produced in escherichia coli mutant (jm1100) cells which lack original glucose transport activity and galactose transport activity. we also show that phlorizin, a potent inhibitor of the sglt1 na+/glucose symporter of ... | 1997 | 9045844 |
| membrane attack induced by hlya, a pore-forming toxin of vibrio cholerae. | determining the activity of purified toxins has generally provided the basis for establishing their role in the host-pathogen relationship. the bacterial genus vibrio produces a number of exotoxins in addition to cholera toxin, including haemolysin a (hlya; vibrio cholerae) and thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh; vibrio parahaemolyticus), both of which possess membrane-targeting cytolytic activity. the action of hlya has been analyzed using protocols previously applied to tdh: lysis and flux ex ... | 1997 | 9051414 |
| coliphage and indigenous phage in mamala bay, oahu, hawaii. | public concern over the discharge of primarily treated sewage by two offshore outfalls in mamala bay, oahu, prompted a multidisciplinary study to determine the impact of such activities on the water quality in the bay and at adjacent recreational beaches. as part of this study, we determined the abundance of coliphage as an indicator of fecal pollution along with total viral direct counts and phages infective for vibrio parahaemoltyicus 16 at stations in mamala bay in four quarterly samplings ov ... | 1997 | 9065272 |
| urea hydrolysis and suppressed production of thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) by vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with presence of tdh-related hemolysin genes. | a total of 18 strains of v. parahaemolyticus isolated from patients of past food poisoning cases occurring in kanagawa prefecture, japan, were assayed for presence of the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) gene and the tdh-related hemolysin (trh) genes (trh 1 and trh 2) with specific reference to their ability to hydrolyze urea and tdh production. a polymerase chain reaction assay revealed that all urea-hydrolyzing strains (9 strains) carried either trh 1 gene or trh 2 gene. the strains carryin ... | 1997 | 9099633 |
| food-borne disease outbreaks due to bacteria in taiwan, 1986 to 1995. | between 1986 and 1995, 852 outbreaks of food-borne disease involving 26,173 cases and 20 deaths were reported in taiwan. about 80% of the outbreaks occurred in the warmer months, i.e., between april and october. of the 852 reported outbreaks, 555 (65%) were caused by bacterial pathogens. the three most common bacteria involved were vibrio parahaemolyticus (35%, 197 of 555 outbreaks), staphylococcus aureus (30%, 169 of 555 outbreaks), and bacillus cereus (18%, 104 of 555 outbreaks). | 1997 | 9114420 |
| arsenate resistance as a possible marker in the differentiation of environmental and clinical isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus were isolated from clinical, marine and freshwater fish of calcutta, west bengal, india. drug and metal resistance characteristics were compared for differentiation of clinical and environmental strains. eighteen out of the twenty environmental isolates were resistant to arsenate, unlike the clinical isolates which were all susceptible. all the thirty-five isolates of v. parahaemolyticus were resistant to ampicillin and streptomycin. | 1997 | 9144909 |
| selective survival of a thermostable direct hemolysin-producing vibrio parahaemolyticus in the alimentary tract of a juvenile estuarine gastropod (clithon retropictus). | juvenile estuarine gastropods (clithon retropictus), maintained in ultraviolet ray-irradiated recirculating artificial seawater with a salinity of 20/1000 at 28 degrees c, preserved thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh)-producing strain d-3 of vibrio parahaemolyticus at a level of 10(4)-10(5) colony forming units per gram (cfu/g) and tdh-non-producing strains n-18 and r-13 at a level of 10(1)-10(2) cfu/g in the alimentary tract for at least 21 days after ingestion. in adults, the numbers of the th ... | 1997 | 9152936 |
| infections after shark attacks in australia. | | 1997 | 9154554 |
| a transferable multiple drug resistance plasmid from vibrio cholerae o1. | ten multiple antimicrobial-resistant isolates of vibrio cholerae o1 isolated from patients in uganda were characterized, and the transferability of resistance to bacteria of diverse origins was investigated. the isolates were toxigenic and belonged to biotype e1 tor, serotype ogawa, and ribotype 8, and possessed a 130-mda plasmid of incompatibility group 6-c. this plasmid, designated prvc1, was shown to confer resistance to trimethoprim (mediated by a dhfri gene), sulfonamides (a suii gene), tet ... | 1995 | 9158776 |
| analysis of functional domains of vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin using monoclonal antibodies. | neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) were used in probing the functional domains of this toxin. while pre-incubation of tdh with mab 2a-13c inhibited further binding of tdh to erythrocytes, pre-incubation with another mab 1-24 did not, indicating that mab 1-24 epitope resides in a domain which is not involved in binding of tdh to erythrocytes. on the other hand after binding to erythrocytes, tdh could react with mab 1-24 bu ... | 1997 | 9170273 |
| effect of bile on vibrio parahaemolyticus. | many enteric pathogens are thought to enter a viable but nonculturable state when deprived of nutrients. virulent strains of the enteric pathogen vibrio parahaemolyticus are rarely isolated from their low-nutrient aquatic environments, possibly due to their nonculturability. host factors such as bile may trigger release from dormancy and increase virulence in these strains. in this study, the addition of bile or the bile acid deoxycholic acid to estuarine water-cultured bacteria led to an increa ... | 1997 | 9172358 |
| cross-species induction of luminescence in the quorum-sensing bacterium vibrio harveyi. | different species of bacteria were tested for production of extracellular autoinducer-like activities that could stimulate the expression of the luminescence genes in vibrio harveyi. several species of bacteria, including the pathogens vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus, were found to produce such activities. possible physiological roles for the two v. harveyi detection-response systems and their joint regulation are discussed. | 1997 | 9190823 |
| a mutant cell line resistant to vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh): its potential in identification of putative receptor for tdh. | thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), a pore-forming toxin produced by vibrio parahaemolyticus, is cytotoxic to rat-1, a fibroblast cell line derived from rat embryo. through mutagenesis of rat-1 with nitrosoguanidine, we established a mutant cell line, mr-t1. mr-t1 was over 200 times more resistant to the cytotoxic activity of tdh than rat-1. tdh increased membrane permeability of rat-1 but not of mr-t1. binding analysis showed that, while being able to bind to rat-1. tdh failed to bind to mr-t1 ... | 1997 | 9197471 |
| [incidence of kanagawa phenomenon-positive and -negative vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from traveller's diarrhea and their relation to tdh and trh genes]. | a total of 1,319 strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from traveller's diarrhea were analysed for kanagawa phenomenon (kp) with the wagatsuma blood agar test and the results were also compared with those of analyses of tdh and trh genes which encode thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and tdh-related hemolysin (trh). the majority of the strains (1,152 strains) counting 87.3% had positive kp, among which 1,049 and 103 strains were only tdh and both tdh and trh-positive ones, respectively. ... | 1997 | 9209122 |
| analysis of the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) gene and the tdh-related hemolysin (trh) genes in urease-positive strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated on the west coast of the united states. | urease-positive (ure+) and urease-negative (ure-) strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from patients on the west coast of the united states between 1979 and 1995 were analyzed for the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) gene and the tdh-related hemolysin (trh) genes (trh1 and trh2). the dna colony hybridization method with the polynucleotide probes was used to determine the distribution of the genes. of 60 ure+ strains, 59 strains (98%) had the trh (either trh1 or trh2) gene and 54 strain ... | 1997 | 9230364 |
| putative channel components for the fast-rotating sodium-driven flagellar motor of a marine bacterium. | the polar flagellum of vibrio alginolyticus rotates remarkably fast (up to 1,700 revolutions per second) by using a motor driven by sodium ions. two genes, motx and moty, for the sodium-driven flagellar motor have been identified in marine bacteria, vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. alginolyticus. they have no similarity to the genes for proton-driven motors, mota and motb, whose products constitute a proton channel. motx was proposed to be a component of a sodium channel. here we identified additi ... | 1997 | 9260952 |
| comparative sensitivity of 13 species of pathogenic bacteria to seven chemical germicides. | the relative resistance of diverse human bacterial pathogens to commonly used germicidal agents has not been established. | 1997 | 9276546 |
| invasive phenotype of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | many studies have been done on the virulence factors of vibrio parahaemolyticus, which causes acute gastroenteritis. invasion by this bacterium of culture cells in vitro, however, has not been clearly demonstrated. to assess the invasive ability of v. parahaemolyticus, quantitative studies using antibiotic survival assays were done. of 21 isolates examined, 4 could invade caco-2 cells, a human colon carcinoma-derived cell line. invasion of an isolate, aq4023, was inhibited by cytochalasin d, noc ... | 1997 | 9291344 |
| study of the haemolytic process and receptors of thermostable direct haemolysin from vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the haemolytic action of 125i-labelled thermostable direct haemolysin from vibrio parahaemolyticus was studied on human and equine erythrocytes. in the first step, the haemolysin bound to the membranes of both erythrocyte species. this binding seemed temperature-independent. then, for human erythrocytes, haemolysin produced cell disruption, and haemoglobin was released. following this step, haemolysin was also released in a temperature-dependent manner. in contrast, equine erythrocytes were not ... | 1996 | 9296103 |
| [the ribonuclease activity of bacteria as a factor in the persistence of the causative agents of sapronotic infections]. | | 1997 | 9341006 |
| cloning and sequencing of the vibrio parahaemolyticus fur gene. | a ferric uptake regulatory gene (fur) was cloned from vibrio parahaemolyticus wp1 by a polymerase chain reaction-based technique followed by functional complementation of a fur mutation in escherichia coli. a sequence analysis showed that, at the amino acid level, the v. parahaemolyticus fur protein is 81% identical with the fur protein from e. coli and over 90% identical with those of the vibrio species. | 1997 | 9343826 |
| bacterial flavohaemoglobins: a consensus sequence and identification of a discrete enterobacterial group and of further bacterial globins. | the amino acid sequences of haemoglobin-like proteins from the bacteria alcaligenes eutrophus, bacillus subtilis, erwinia chrysanthemi, escherichia coli, vibrio parahaemolyticus, vitreoscilla sp. and the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied. phylogenies based on distance and parsimony analysis showed that the eubacterial group can be easily distinguished from the other haemoglobin-like proteins. the construction of a consensus bacterial flavohaemoglobin based on the alignment of six bacte ... | 1997 | 9351199 |
| historical overview of key issues in food safety. | foodborne transmission of pathogenic and toxigenic microorganisms has been a recognized hazard for decades. even half a century ago we knew about the dangers of botulism from underprocessed canned foods; staphylococcal poisoning from unrefrigerated cream-filled pastries, sliced ham, meat, and poultry salads; and salmonellosis from infected animal products. despite new protective measures, changes in preservation techniques and failure to follow recognized procedures have created new dangers. mor ... | 1997 | 9366600 |
| the tracheae defective gene encodes a bzip protein that controls tracheal cell movement during drosophila embryogenesis. | the tracheae defective (tdf) gene is required for the formation of the tracheal system during drosophila embryogenesis. it encodes a putative bzip transcription factor (tdf). antibodies directed against tdf detect a nuclear protein in all tracheal cells before invagination and throughout tracheal system morphogenesis. examination of tdf mutants revealed that tdf activity is not necessary for determining tracheal cell identity but for subsequent morphogenetic cell movements. tdf activity is under ... | 1997 | 9384592 |
| [studies on bacillary dysentery cases of overseas travellers--during 1979 to 1995]. | a total of 36,780,440 overseas travellers during 1979-1995 (17 years) were quarantined at osaka and kansai airport quarantine station, 84,777 travellers reported themselves suffer from diarrhoea. stools from 29,587 persons were bacteriologically examined. various enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 9,766 (33.0%) patients of the stools examined. isolated species were as follows: plesiomonas shigelloides (3,234 cases); salmonella spp. (2,236 cases); enterotoxgenic escherichia coli (1,621 ... | 1997 | 9391324 |
| mutational analysis of amiloride sensitivity of the nhaa na+/h+ antiporter from vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the activity of the nhaa na+/h+ antiporter of vibrio parahaemolyticus is inhibited by amiloride. we found an amino acid sequence in the nhaa that was identical to a putative amiloride binding domain of the na+/h+ exchanger in mammalian cells. we constructed mutant nhaas that had amino acid substitutions in the putative amiloride binding domain by site-directed mutagenesis. these include v62l (val62 replaced by leu), f63y, f64y, and l65f. most mutant nhaas showed decreased sensitivity for amilori ... | 1997 | 9393731 |
| emergence of a unique o3:k6 clone of vibrio parahaemolyticus in calcutta, india, and isolation of strains from the same clonal group from southeast asian travelers arriving in japan. | active surveillance of vibrio parahaemolyticus infection among hospitalized patients in calcutta, india, was initiated in january 1994. the incidence of cases of v. parahaemolyticus infection suddenly increased in february 1996 and has remained high since then. one hundred thirty-four strains of v. parahaemolyticus isolated from january 1994 to august 1996 were examined for serovar, the presence of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene (tdh) and tdh-related hemolysin genes (trh1 and trh2), prod ... | 1997 | 9399511 |
| outbreak of vibrio parahaemolyticus related to raw oysters in british columbia. | | 1997 | 9401155 |
| direct detection by pcr of escherichia coli o157 and enteropathogens in patients with bloody diarrhea. | direct detection of escherichia coli o157 and foodborne pathogens associated with bloody diarrhea were achieved using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) after the preparation of dna from stool specimens using the microspin technique. pcr was compared with cultivation and toxin production tests with respect to the efficiency of detection of each pathogen; e. coli o157, vibrio parahaemolyticus, salmonella serovar enteritidis and campylobacter jejuni. detection of some or all of the above pathogens in ... | 1997 | 9403509 |
| [bacterial diversity during the cholera epidemic in dakar, senegal (1995-1996)]. | vibrio cholerae o:1, serotype ogawa and biotype el tor (76.1%) was responsible of the outbreak of cholera in dakar, senegal (1995-1996). however, other bacteria were isolated, particularly vibrio cholerae non o:1/non o:139, vibrio fluvialis, vibrio alginolyticus. vibrio parahaemolyticus, salmonella sp.p, shigella sp.p (23.9%). the vibrio cholerae o:1 strains are multiresistant to sulfonamide, cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol. 97% were also resistant to o/129 compound. fluoroquinolone and 3rd ge ... | 1997 | 9410248 |
| [the drug susceptibility pattern of the presumed etiologic agents of infectious enteritis including verotoxin-producing escherichia coli o-157]. | the drug susceptibility patterns were investigated for verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) including o-157, salmonella spp., vibrio parahaemolyticus and campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni that were obtained in and after july 1996. the results are summarized as follows; 1. we found highly resistant strains of vtec to tetracycline (tc) and ampicillin (abpc). minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of some of the drugs against vtec in an aerobic condition were significantly different from t ... | 1997 | 9412873 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gyrb gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus and its application in detection of this pathogen in shrimp. | because biochemical testing and 16s rrna sequence analysis have proven inadequate for the differentiation of vibrio parahaemolyticus from closely related species, we employed the gyrase b gene (gyrb) as a molecular diagnostic probe. the gyrb genes of v. parahaemolyticus and closely related vibrio alginolyticus were cloned and sequenced. oligonucleotide pcr primers were designed for the amplification of a 285-bp fragment from within gyrb specific for v. parahaemolyticus. these primers recognized ... | 1998 | 9464408 |
| [levels of thermostable direct hemolysin production by vibrio parahaemolyticus strains carrying both tdh and trh genes]. | one hundred and twenty-five strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying both the tdh and trh genes were selected from the strains isolated from the travelers with diarrhea by an hybridization test using polynucleotide probes. the levels of tdh produced by these strains and the association between the tdh levels and related characteristics in these strains were analyzed. the tdh level varied greatly from strain to strain, but none of the levels was as high as that of the typical kanagawa phenomen ... | 1997 | 9483883 |
| development and evaluation of a predictive model for the effect of temperature and water activity on the growth rate of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the growth rates of four strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus were measured and compared in a model broth system. the results for the fastest growing strain, based on 77 combinations of temperature and water activity (aw) using nacl as the humectant, were summarised in the form of a predictive mathematical model. the model, of the square-root type includes a novel term to describe the effects of super-optimal water activity, and can be used to predict generation times for the temperature range (8- ... | 1997 | 9506279 |
| evidence for genetic linkage between the ure and trh genes in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | although v. parahaemolyticus does not generally produce urease, several studies have reported urease-positive v. parahaemolyticus isolates from clinical sources. recently, studies have shown a complete coincidence between the urease-producing phenotype of v. parahaemolyticus strains and the possession of the thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh)-related haemolysin (trh) gene (trh). trh, like tdh, is considered to be an important virulence factor in the pathogenesis of v. parahaemolyticus gastroen ... | 1997 | 9511811 |
| a new na+/h+ antiporter, nhad, of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | a gene encoding an na+/h+ antiporter was cloned from chromosomal dna of vibrio parahaemolyticus, a slightly halophilic bacterium, and expressed in escherichia coli cells. the gene enabled mutant e. coli cells, which were unable to grow in the presence of 10 mm licl (or 0.2 m nacl) because of the lack of major na+(li+)/h+ antiporters, to grow under such conditions. we detected na+/h+ antiport activity due to the gene in membrane vesicles prepared from e. coli cells that harbored the plasmid carry ... | 1998 | 9518619 |
| microbial hazard of salted om el-kholoul (wedge shell donax trunculus). | sixty samples of salted om el-kholoul were collected from different localities in giza, alexandria and ismailia. the samples were examined organoleptically and bacteriological examination of samples were performed for enumeration of aerobic, enterobacteriaceae, staph. aureus, enterococci counts as well as isolation and identification of vibrio parahaemolyticus. the mean counts/gm of aerobes, enterobacteriaceae, staph. aureus, strept. faecalis and strept. faecum were 4.9 x 10(5), 4.8 x 10(4), 1.9 ... | 1998 | 9529997 |
| haemolysin production by environmental isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus from andamans. | sixty marine water samples were collected from various coastal sites around port blair at different times during august 1996 to july 1997. the specimens were subjected to standard procedure for isolation and identification of v. parahaemolyticus. forty four v. parahaemolyticus isolates were detected from these specimens and all showed clear haemolysis on wagatsuma agar plates. the haemolytic activity was abolished by heating the culture supernatants at 60 degrees c for 10 min and enhanced when p ... | 1998 | 9604541 |
| opar, a homolog of vibrio harveyi luxr, controls opacity of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an organism well adapted to communal life on surfaces. when grown on a surface or in a viscous layer, the bacterium induces a large gene system and differentiates to swarmer cells capable of movement over and colonization of surfaces. v. parahaemolyticus displays additional phenotypic versatility manifested as variable colony morphology, switching between translucent and opaque colony types. although not itself luminescent, v. parahaemolyticus produces autoinducer mole ... | 1998 | 9620967 |
| effect of mild acid treatment on the survival, enteropathogenicity, and protein production in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important food-borne enteropathogen that encounters various adverse conditions in its native environment or during infection. effects of mild acid treatment on survival under stress conditions, enteropathogenicity, and protein production in this pathogen were investigated. logarithmically grown cells, at ph 7.5 shifted to ph 5.0 for 30 min, were more resistant to subsequent acid challenge at ph 4.4. a two-phase adaptive procedure (ph 5.8 for 30 min; ph 5.0 for 30 mi ... | 1998 | 9632567 |
| outbreak of vibrio parahaemolyticus infections associated with eating raw oysters--pacific northwest, 1997. | during july-august 1997, the largest reported outbreak in north america of culture-confirmed vibrio parahaemolyticus infections occurred. illness in 209 persons was associated with eating raw oysters harvested from california, oregon, and washington in the united states and from british columbia (bc) in canada; one person died. this report summarizes the investigations of the outbreak, which suggest that elevated water temperatures may have contributed to increased cases of illness and highlight ... | 1998 | 9639367 |
| [wound infection caused by vibrio parahaemolyticus]. | | 1998 | 9646572 |
| [a study on chemical and immunochemical properties and chemotaxonomy of lipopolysaccharides of vibrionaceae, in particular vibrio cholerae and v. parahaemolyticus]. | | 1998 | 9654940 |
| norm, a putative multidrug efflux protein, of vibrio parahaemolyticus and its homolog in escherichia coli. | we found that cells of vibrio parahaemolyticus possess an energy-dependent efflux system for norfloxacin. we cloned a gene for a putative norfloxacin efflux protein from the chromosomal dna of v. parahaemolyticus by using an escherichia coli mutant lacking the major multidrug efflux system acrab as the host and sequenced the gene (norm). cells of e. coli transformed with a plasmid carrying the norm gene showed elevated energy-dependent efflux of norfloxacin. the transformants showed elevated res ... | 1998 | 9661020 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. outbreak of vibrio parahaemolyticus infections associated with eating raw oysters--pacific northwest, 1997. | | 1998 | 9669774 |
| [bacteriological and virological studies on the cause of sporadic acute gastroenteritis in tama, tokyo (1991-1996)]. | between may 1991 and december 1996, bacteriological and virological investigations on the fecal samples from patient of infantile diarrhea (155 cases), or infectious gastroenteritis (1,409 cases) diagnosed with 9 medical institutions in tama of tokyo were carried out. of 1,564 samples, 722 (46.2%) were enteropathogen positive cases, and mixed infection was also observed in about 15% of the positive cases. among 13 different kinds of enteropathogens identified, the most prevalent one was pathogen ... | 1998 | 9695470 |
| note: molecular cloning of chitinase genes from vibrio anguillarum and v. parahaemolyticus. | chitinase genes from vibrio anguillarum kv9001 and v. parahaemolyticus atcc17802 were cloned into escherichia coli. open reading frames of chitinase genes from v. anguillarum (vac) and v. parahaemolyticus (vpc) are 1755 bp and 1890 bp, respectively. the deduced amino acid sequences of these genes have 71.6% identity. there are two consensus sequence regions in the vac and vpc proteins. the vac gene was highly prevalent in v. anguillarum, and the dna probe of the vac gene hybridized to v. alginol ... | 1998 | 9717305 |
| identification and characterization of a protease produced by vibrio parahaemolyticus in iron-limited medium. | two proteolytic proteins (about 43 and 90 kda) were produced by clinical strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus cultured in iron-limited medium. the 43 kda-protease was partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ultrafiltration fractionation and deae-sephacel chromatography. this protease had an optimum ph range of 7 to 8, and an optimum reaction temperature of about 40 degrees c. it was heat-labile, being partially inactivated by heat-treatment at 60 or 90 degrees c for 10 min. the prote ... | 1994 | 9747347 |
| investigation of the 1994-5 ukrainian vibrio cholerae epidemic using molecular methods. | thirty-seven vibrio cholerae and four non-cholera vibrio isolates from ukraine, including strains from the epidemic of 1994-5, were analysed by molecular methods. results from pfge and ribotyping indicated that all ukrainian toxigenic v. cholerae were closely related to each other and to an isolate from a patient from pakistan. a non-toxigenic river water strain obtained during the height of the epidemic was more distantly related to these v. cholerae strains, while the vibrio parahaemolyticus i ... | 1998 | 9747752 |
| filamentous bacteriophages of vibrio parahaemolyticus as a possible clue to genetic transmission. | we have previously reported the isolation and characterization of two filamentous bacteriophages of vibrio parahaemolyticus, designated vf12 and vf33. in this study, to understand the potential of these phages as tools for genetic transmission, we investigated the gene structures of replicative-form (rf) dnas of their genomes and the distribution of these dnas on chromosomal and extrachromosomal dnas. the 7,965-bp nucleotide sequences of vf12 and vf33 were determined. an analysis of the overall ... | 1998 | 9748441 |
| the drosophila pax gene eye gone is required for embryonic salivary duct development. | what are the developmental mechanisms required for conversion of an undifferentiated, two-dimensional field of cells into a patterned, tubular organ? in this report, we describe the contribution of the drosophila pax gene eye gone to the development of the embryonic salivary glands and ducts. eye gone expression in salivary tissues is controlled by several known regulators of salivary fate. after the initial establishment of the salivary primordium by sex combs reduced, fork head excludes eye go ... | 1998 | 9753671 |
| characterization of the manganese-resistant mutants derived from vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the virulence and some related factors of vibrio parahaemolyticus are regulated by the level of iron. in this study, five mn-resistant mutants were selected after n-methyl-n'-nitrosoguanidine treatment and two transfers in medium containing high levels of manganese chloride. production of siderophores and the 77-kda iron-regulated outer-membrane protein and the bacterial growth in these mn-resistants were deregulated, as compared with the wild-type strain. in addition, the regulation of these ph ... | 1995 | 9775003 |
| close proximity of the tdh, trh and ure genes on the chromosome of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the distribution and location of the virulence-factor genes of vibrio parahaemolyticus, tdh and trh, and the structural gene of urease, urec, were examined on the genomic dnas of 115 clinical isolates of v. parahaemolyticus. the majority of strains (81%) had two copies of tdh on the chromosome, and no copies of trh or ure. southern hybridization with a tdh probe, after pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of notl-digested genomic dna of each strain revealed only single bands, suggesting that the two ... | 1998 | 9782499 |
| the world's mine oyster. | | 1998 | 9787608 |
| survival of vibrio cholerae 01 strains in shrimp subjected to freezing and boiling. | this research was undertaken to assess the resistance of vibrio cholerae 01 strains inoculated into white shrimp, penaeus schimitti, to heating and freezing treatments. shrimp samples with and without carapace were obtained from sao luis, brazil. microbial analysis revealed the presence of marine vibrios including vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and other vibrios and aerobic gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria that grew on selective medium, thiosulfate-citrate-bile salt-sucro ... | 1998 | 9798148 |
| detection of tdh and trh genes in a urea-hydrolysing environmental isolate of vibrio parahaemolyticus from the andamans. | co-existence of trh gene and urea-hydrolysing property in one of 44 marine water isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus correlates strongly with both genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of the bacterium. thus, urease-producing phenotype can be considered a marker of virulence for the production of thermostable direct haemolysin-related haemolysin (trh) (i.e. possession of trh gene). the same isolate also possessed the tdh gene. an environmental isolate possessing all the characteristics of a p ... | 1998 | 9805414 |
| role of outer membrane proteins on the adherence of vibrio parahaemolyticus to rabbit intestinal epithelial cell in vitro. | antiserum against outer membrane preparation of a kanagawa phenomenon-positive strain of vibrio parahaemolyticus were raised in rabbits and absorbed with their lipopolysaccharide. the anti-outer membrane protein serum and its fab (igg) fragment inhibited the adherence of kanagawa-positive strains to rabbit intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. preincubation of rabbit intestinal epithelial cells with outer membrane preparation also inhibited the adherence of these bacteria. anti-lipopolysaccharid ... | 1995 | 9810668 |
| cloning and sequencing of major capsid protein (mcp) gene of a vibriophage, kvp20, possibly related to t-even coliphages. | a large, tailed, prolate-headed vibriophage designated kvp20 was isolated from seawater. kvp20 was morphologically very similar to the previously described vibriophage, kvp40 (matsuzaki, s., inoue, t., tanaka, s., 1998. virology, 242, 314-318). however, they showed entirely different host specificities and could easily be differentiated from each other by their patterns of dna restriction fragments. the major capsid protein (mcp) gene of kvp20 encoding the precursor of major capsid protein (pro- ... | 1998 | 9813227 |