| serological classification of anti-i sera. | twelve anti-i sera were examined by means of broad panel of cells: oi, bi, ohi, oicord, oiadult, bi-f. titration, fixation-elution, and haemagglutination-inhibition tests, and comparison of agglutination of untreated and neuraminidase-treated erythrocytes allowed to establish the specificity of the sera. for some sera the serological heterogeneity was revealed, which consisted in the following combinations of two or more kinds of specificity: anti-i-d plus anti-i-f, anti-i-d plus anti-i, anti-i- ... | 1975 | 1090089 |
| pathophysiology of shigella diarrhea in the rhesus monkey: intestinal transport, morphological, and bacteriological studies. | in contrast to the "toxigenic diarrheas" caused by vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli, the site and mechanism of fluid loss in shigellosis are unknown. the occurrence of watery diarrhea in shigellosis suggests involvement of the small bowel. therefore, jejunal, ileal, and colonic water and electrolyte transport was studied in shigella flexneri 2a-infected monkeys. infected animals fell into three groups: dysentery alone, diarrhea alone, or diarrhea and dysentery. in controls, net water, sodium ... | 1975 | 1090480 |
| comparison of secretory and histological effects of shigella and cholera enterotoxins in rabbit jejunum. | the purpose of this study was to compare the actions of shigella toxin and cholera toxin to determine if mucosal damage is a prerequisite for shigella toxin-induced secretion. the secretory response to maximal doses of cholera toxin and shigella toxin were compared. the maximal rate of secretion and the electrolyte and protein concentration of the intestinal fluid were similar for both toxins. on the other hand, the time of onset after exposure to the toxin was 105 min for shigella toxin and 15 ... | 1975 | 1090481 |
| genetic basis of toxin production and pathogenesis in vibrio cholerae: evidence against phage conversion. | the pathogenicity of vibrio cholerae strains "cured" of "kappa-type" phage was not significantly altered relative to that of their "kappa" lysogenic parental strains. unlike corynebacterium diphtheriae, the capacity of v. cholerae to produce exotoxin was not stimulated as a consequence of active phage multiplication. toxin production in cultures in which kappa-type phage multiplication was initiated either by inducing kappa lysogens or by infecting naturally occurring or "cured" kappa-sensitive ... | 1975 | 1090531 |
| use of erythrocytes sensitized with purified enterotoxin from vibrio cholerae for the assay of antibody and antibody-forming cells. | a method was developed for the sensitization of ovine erythrocytes with a purified enterotoxin from vibrio cholerae. sensitized cells were used for the titration of serum antibody by passive hemagglutination and in a hemolytic plaque assay for both igm and igg antibody-secreting cells. inhibition experiments with various antigens of v. cholerae indicated that the toxin, whether unheated or heat-inactivated, significantly reduced the expected antitoxic plaque-forming cell response, whereas a lipo ... | 1975 | 1090686 |
| effectiveness of vaccination against cholera and typhoid fever. | | 1975 | 1090807 |
| evidence for the non-protein nature of the receptor for the enterotoxin in vibrio cholerae on murine lymphoid cells. | lymphoid cells from a/j and balb/c strains of mice were iodinated with 125i by the lactoperoxidase method and the plasma membranes were disrupted by freezing and thawing or with 0.5 percent nonidet p-40, a nonionic detergent. attempts to find choleragen reactive iodinated material in 0.5 percent nonidet p-40 lysates were unsuccessful even when the cells were incubated with choleragen before lysis. freezing and thawing the cells resulted in the release of iodinated choleragen reactive material. t ... | 1975 | 1091551 |
| motility as a virulence factor for vibrio cholerae. | the ability of motile strains of the ogawa and inaba serotypes of classical vibrio cholerae and of the el tor biotypes to kill suckling mice after oral challenge with 10-8 colony-forming units (representing at least 100 to 1,000 minimal lethal doses) was compared to that of nonmotile derivatives of the same strains. loss of motility, in each case, resulted in a marked reduction in virulence. the mortality (at 36 h) caused by 10 of the 13 nonmotile strains was 32% or less. whereas the motile wild ... | 1975 | 1091563 |
| inhibition of the steroidogenic effects of cholera and heat-labile escherichia coli enterotoxins by gm1 ganglioside: evidence for a similar receptor site for the two toxins. | the effects of three different ganglioside preparations on cholera enterotoxin (ct) and heat-labile escherichia coli enterotoxin (ect)-induced steroidogenesis in y1 and os3 adrenal tumor cells in tissue culture were examined. only with gm1 ganglioside was any inhibition of the toxins' effects noted. concentrations of the crude ect preparation that gave similar morphogenic and steroidogenic effects as ct were inhibited by the same amount or less of gm1 as that required to inhibit the effects of c ... | 1975 | 1091565 |
| homology between the deoxyribonucleic acid of fertility factor p and vibrio cholerae chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid. | the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) of the vibrio cholerae fertility factor p was isolated by the dye-buoyant density method and hybridized to v. cholerae chromosomal dna. the dna of this fertility plasmid had between 35 to 40% homology with the v. cholerae chromosomal dna. little or no homology was detected between the p factor dna and dna of the escherichia coli sex factor f. | 1975 | 1092651 |
| production and characterization of exotoxin(s) of shigella dysenteriae type 1. | a semicontinuous fermenter system was developed in which broth culture filtrates of shigella dysenteriae type 1 yielded substantial amounts of exotoxin. biologic activity of the exotoxin was characterized by means of three assays: the rabbit ileal loop for fluid evocation (enterotoxicity), mouse lethality after parenteral injection (neurotoxicity), and hela cell toxicity in vitro (cytotoxicity). although the culture filtrate was highly active, disc electrophoresis revealed that the toxin is a mi ... | 1975 | 1092769 |
| an erythrocyte-sensitising antigen from vibrio cholerae. | erythrocyte-sensitising antigens (ae) were prepared from vibrio cholerae serotypes, from el-tor vibrio, escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis by digesting the organisms with naoh followed by precipitation with alcohol. when ae was used in indirect haemagglutination (iha) tests, the results in a number of cases were somewhat more sensitive and more specific than those obtained in classical agglutination tests. no cross reactions occurred between v. cholerae serotypes and e. coli and s. ente ... | 1975 | 1092860 |
| bacterial toxins. | | 1975 | 1092948 |
| involvement of t- and b-lymphocytes in the immune response to the protein exotoxin and the lipopolysaccharide antigens of vibrio cholerae. | the immune response at the level of individual immunocytes to the somatic lipopolysaccharide antigen derived from whole vibrio cholerae and to the purified protein exotoxin from this organism were studied in terms of the role of t- and b-lymphocytes. by adoptive cell transfer studies with irradiated recipient mice, it was shown that normal spleen cells from normal syngeneic mice could readily transfer the capability of responding to both types of cholera antigens. however, when the spleen cells ... | 1975 | 1093472 |
| significance of elevated liver alkaline phosphatase in serum. | the serum alkaline phosphatase was fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 317 patients with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase activity. in 253 patients the source of the elevation was the isoenzyme of presumed liver origin, band l. in 87 of these patients, there was either no obvious liver disease or the alkaline phosphatase elevation was inappropriately high. in 19 of the 87, liver disease was further excluded by liver biopsy or by laparotomy. because of this, biochemical studi ... | 1975 | 1093921 |
| the effect of lysozyme on the complement-dependent bactericidal action of different antibody classes. | preparations of rabbit, dog and sheep iga, iga and igm were examined for their antibacterial effects using a complement-dependent bactericidal assay. igm and igg were efficient bactericidal antibodies in the presence of complement; iga, however, contained negligible activity. except for sheep igg no enhancement of bactericidal activity was observed in the presence of added lysozyme. | 1975 | 1093969 |
| modulation of antibody synthesis by cholera exotoxin: influence on helper thymocytes. | | 1975 | 1095212 |
| bacteremia in suckling rabbits after oral challenge with vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus, a halophilic marine enteropathogen, produces diarrhea in man after ingestion of contaminated seafood. only strains capable of producing beta-hemolysis (kanagawa-positive strains) are enteropathogenic. yet the majority of marine isolants are nonhemolytic and kanagawa negative. studies were initiated in suckling rabbits in an attempt to elucidate pathogenetic mechanisms. fasting animals were infected orally with kanagawa-positive and kanagawa-negative strains of v. parahae ... | 1975 | 1095481 |
| [significance of intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics in abdominal surgery (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 1097760 |
| nonspecific elicitation of antibody-forming cells in the mouse spleen by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. | mechanisms of nonspecific elicitation of anti-sheep erythrocyte (srbc) hemolytic antibody plaqueforming cells (pfc) in mouse spleens with an injection of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide (lps)) were studied in comparison with the genesis of naturally occurring "background" pfc in normal mouse spleens and of rapidly arising pfc in mouse spleens after immunization with srbc. the cytokinetic pattern of anti-srbc pfc response after an injection of lps was quite different from that of the resp ... | 1975 | 1097768 |
| proceedings: cholera-like enterotoxin produced by escherichia coli. | | 1975 | 1099284 |
| [discovery of the colera pathogen]. | | 1975 | 1100340 |
| a 98 megadalton r factor of compatibility group c in a vibrio cholerae el tor isolate from southern u.s.s.r. | | 1975 | 1100774 |
| practical aspects of a cholera surveillance programme. | the recent invasion of southern africa by cholera stimulated the establishment of a regional cholera reference laboratory and surveillance centre. this article describes its activities in general and details the methods employed in the isolation of vibrio cholerae from sewage, water, seafoods, patients, and carriers. importance is also attached to the isolation of nag (non-agglutinable) v. cholerae and v. parahaemolyticus from certain categories of specimens. in recognition of the importance of ... | 1975 | 1101396 |
| potential for in vivo acquisition of r plasmids by one strain of vibrio cholerae biotype el tor. | the feces of five patients admitted to a hospital during an outbreak of cholera in melbourne, australia, in november 1972, were examined for the presence of tetracycline-resistant coliforms and tetracycline-resistant strains of vibrio cholerae. despite the abundance of tetracycline-resistant coliforms able to transfer this resistance to other strains of escherichia coli, no tetracycline-resistant strains of v. cholerae were detected. in vitro transfer experiments using the v. cholerae strain res ... | 1975 | 1101813 |
| [epidemiology of el tor cholera in indonesia]. | the authors analyze data on el tor cholera morbidity in indonesia in the past and at present. it was shown that before the year of 1961 the infection was limited to the sulavesi island and was epidemic in character, but it differed from classic endemic cholera by a number of signs. in 1961 and 1970 the spread of el tor cholera along indonesia was practically synchronous with its spread along the vast territories of the world, this apparently pointing to the effect of some general factor which ca ... | 1975 | 1106089 |
| rapid identification of gram-negative rods using a three-tube method combined with a dichotomic key. | a three-tube method combined with a dichotomic key is presented which will identify virtually all enterobacteriaceae as well as a number of other frequently encountered gram-negative rods at a genus or species level within 20 hours following the primary isolation. the method is shown to be reliable and simple, saving processing time and material. | 1975 | 1106114 |
| [pathogenicity factors of gramnegative enteropathogenic bacteria and pathogenesis of intestinal diseases (author's transl)]. | enterotoxins as produced by the majority of enteropathogenic bacteria play a central role in the pathogenesis of cholera and e. coli enteritis but are obviously of little significance as to the development of salmonella enteritis and dysentery. pathology of salmonella enteritis and dysentery results from multiplication of bacteria within the bowel wall and from the damage of tissue caused thereby. the lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) of invasive enteropathogenic bacteria do not possess the chara ... | 1975 | 1106437 |
| systolic time intervals in domestic ponies: alterations in a case of coarctation of the aorta. | this report describes the measurement of systolic time intervals in a nine year old female domestic pony which was found at necropsy to show coarctation of the aorta and bilateral ventricular hypertrophy. electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram and direct arterial blood pressure were recorded from the pony in a standing unmedicated state and systolic time intervals were measured from the resulting tracings. a prolongation of left ventricular ejection time and shortening of the pre-ejection period wer ... | 1975 | 1111858 |
| cholera in the manicaland province of rhodesia february to may, 1974. | | 1975 | 1111974 |
| demonstration of sustained sinus and atrial re-entry as a mechanism of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. | electrophysiological studies in five patients with documented (4) or suspected (1) paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (psvt), suggested sinus or atrial reentrance (sr or ar). two of the patients had preexcitation, three had evidence of atrial enlargement, and all had organic heart disease. the following observations supported a diagnosis of sr and ar; 1) induction of sustained psvt with atrial extrastimulus technique allowing definition of an echo zone; 2) induction of sustained psvt during ... | 1975 | 1112003 |
| intersynovial fistula in the carpus of a horse. | soft tissue lesions are often secondary to equine carpal injury. the clinical and pathological nature of soft tissue changes following carpal trauma are varied. this report describes a case of intersynovial fistula between the radial carpal joint and the common digital extensor tendon sheath. the differential diagnosis and pathological features of equine soft tissue carpal injuries are discussed. | 1975 | 1112099 |
| 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-mannose (d-perosamine): a component of the lipopolysaccharide of vibrio cholerae 569b (inaba). | | 1975 | 1112408 |
| activation of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase by divalent cations. | | 1975 | 1112418 |
| letter: reactions of cartilage. | | 1975 | 1113834 |
| conjugal transfer of a chromosomal gene determining production of enterotoxin in vibrio cholerae. | matings between strains of vibrio cholerae differing in toxinogenicity, nutritional requirements, and antibiotic susceptibilities were performed in order to determine the location of the gene tox that controls production of cholera enterotoxin. segregation analysis shows that tox is linked to a gene required for histidine biosynthesis. our data indicate that the tox gene is located on the bacterial chromosome and not on a plasmid in the strains of v. cholerae studied. | 1975 | 1114331 |
| immunologic approach to cancer therapy. | the resistance that many cancer patients show to the progress of their disease, attested to by well documented cases of spontaneous regressions as in neuroblastoma, hypernephroma, choriocarcinoma and malignant melanoma, and the long-term dormancy of multiple metastases seen particularly after removal of a primary mass, can be explained only by host defense mechanisms. attemps at immunotherapy over the years are reviewed and new directions are presented. | 1975 | 1117768 |
| [a modified dry tcbs medium for the diagnosis of cholera]. | | 1975 | 1117780 |
| intercellular adhesiveness and neuraminidase effect following release from density inhibition of cell growth. | | 1975 | 1120090 |
| the preparation of tay-sachs ganglioside specifically labeled in either the n-acetylneuraminosyl or n-acetylgalactosaminyl portion of the molecule. | | 1975 | 1121293 |
| [serological study of the neuraminidase activity of cholera filtrate and influenza virus]. | the capacity of homologous (influenza virus) and heterologous (v. cholerae) anti-neuraminidase antibody to neutralize the neuraminidase activity of influenza virus was studied. the lack of antigenic relationship between the enzyme of v. cholerae and that of influenza virus was established and differences in the antigenic structure of neuraminidase of influenza virus of both different types (a0, a1, a2) and within one type were demonstrated. | 1975 | 1121851 |
| [long-term observation of e1-tor cholera vibrions in waste waters from public baths]. | prolonged (for a period of one year) isolation of cholera vibrios from the sewage of a bath-house was observed. sewage proved to serve as a favourable medium for preservation and reproduction of cholera vibrios. the data obtained pointed to the capacity of el tor cholera vibrio to exist outside the human organism for a long time. | 1975 | 1124617 |
| the demonstration of o-acetylated sialic acids in colonic epithelial glycoproteins. | glycoproteins have been isolated from a 1 m sodium chloride extract of the colonic epithelial cells of man and rat by a combination of agarose gel and deae-cellulose chromatography; the glycoproteins contain o-acetylated or o-esterified sialic acids of at least four types: (a) unsubstituted or possible at position c-9, (b) substituted at c-4 and possibly at c-9, (c) substituted at c-7 and/or c-8, and (d) substituted at c-4 as well as at c-7 and/or c-8. | 1975 | 1125822 |
| immunochemical and chemical investigations of the structure of glycoprotein fragments obtained from epiglycanin, a glycoprotein at the surface of the ta3-ha cancer cell. | the structures of the carbohydrate chains present in fragments of a large-molecular-weight glycoprotein, epiglycanin, cleaved from the surface of viable ta3-ha murine mammary carcinoma ascites cells and purified by gel filtration, were studied by immunochemical and chemical methods. inhibitory activities for neuraminidase-treated and untreated glycoprotein material in the hemagglutination of nn-specific human erythrocytes by eight purified lectins were determined. excellent inhibition was obtain ... | 1975 | 1125949 |
| the isolation and characterization of rat sublingual mucus-glycoprotein. | a purified glycoprotein, designated rsl-major, was isolated from the rat sublingual gland by means of the procedure of tettamanti and pigman. it was found to be homogeneous by analytical ultracentrifugation, to have a mol. wt. of 2-2 times 10-6, and to contain 81 percent (w/w) of carbohydrate, which consists mainly of sialic acid, 2-acetamido-2-deocy-d-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deocy-d-galactose, and d-galactose in the molar ratio of 1.4:1.4:1.0:1.5; small amounts of fucose and mannose [1.2 and 2.8 ... | 1975 | 1125952 |
| contribution to the standardization of influenza neuraminidase inhibition tests, based on enzyme- antienzyme kinetic studies. | 1. from enzyme-antienzyme kinetic studies a method for the determination of anti-n2-neuraminidase antibodies has been developed. this procedure is applicable in routine diagnosis. 2. considering the present conditions, the reversibility of the virus neuraminidase antigen-antineuraminidase antibody complex has been proved. the inhibition must be described as a non-competitive one. 3. as a reference value for comparative immunity estimations the relative antibody concentration t150 is defined as t ... | 1975 | 1126576 |
| kinetics of absorption of toxin of vibrio cholerae. | autoradography of rabbit intestine exposed in vivo to purified tritiated toxin of vibrio cholerae showed that pharmacologically important amounts of toxin can be rapidly absorbed despite the relatively large size of the toxin molecule and its affinity for binding to the brush border. cholera toxin and tritiated nontoxic and tritiated nontoxic control substances of comparable size followed a similar time course in spreading down the surface of the villus, and with respect to the villus greater th ... | 1975 | 1127253 |
| dopamine-like effects of cholera toxin in the central nervous system. | | 1975 | 1128681 |
| comparative immunotherapeutic effect of concanavalin a and neuraminidase-treated cancer cells. | | 1975 | 1129845 |
| modifying the immunogenicity of cell membrane antigens. tumors and transplants. | the immunogenicity of an antigenic cell is a distinctly different property from its antigenic composition. two clinical problems might well be beneficially affected by modifying the immunogenicity of cell membrane antigens: can the immunogenicity of tumor-specific antigens on malignant cells be increased so that effective immunity to the tumor will lead to its destruction? conversely, can the immunogenicity of histocompatibility antigens on grafted organs be minimized so that they will survive a ... | 1975 | 1130323 |
| antitumor immune response following injection of neuraminidase-treated sarcoma cells. | mice inoculated with mca-10 sarcoma cells which had previously been incubated with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn) demonstrated a significantly lower tumor incidence (9/26) than mice injected with untreated sarcoma cells (10/10) or sarcoma cells incubated with heat-inactivated neuraminidase (28/29) p less than .05. rechallenge of nontumor-bearing mice from the vcn group with untreated sarcoma cells resulted in a low tumor incidence (4/11), indicating that these mice had developed systemic im ... | 1975 | 1130852 |
| rat pancreas adenylate cyclase. iii. its role in pancreatic secretion assessed by means of choleara toxin. | 1. the role of adenylate cyclase in rat pancreas is further investigated by means of cholera toxin, which is known to activate the enzyme in several tissues. 2. cholera toxin activates rat pancreatic adenylate cyclase in vitro upon preincubation of tissue slices with the toxin for more than 30 min, but not when it is merely present during the enzyme assay. the maximal effect is reached after 90 min pre-incubation. the half-maximally activating concentration is 3.5 mu-g/ml upon pre-incubation for ... | 1975 | 1131364 |
| antitumour immunity--1. differential response of neuraminidase-treated and x-irradiated tumour vaccine. | | 1975 | 1132396 |
| isoelectric focusing of isoenzymes of human liver alpha-l-fucosidase. | | 1975 | 1132498 |
| sensitivity of cholera and el tor vibrios to cold shock. | | 1975 | 1133577 |
| radiation-sensitive pyrimidine auxotrophs of ustilago maydis. i. isolation and characterization of mutants. | the relationship between uv sensitivity and pyrimidine auxotrophy has been examined. fourteen pyrimidine-requiring mutants have been classified on the basis of genetic complementation and utilization of biosynthetic intermediates and have been assigned to at least four loci. all the mutants studied were sensitive to uv, although the degree of sensitivity varied both between loci and amongst alleles at the same locus. a double mutant strain carrying pyrimidine mutants at two loci was only as sens ... | 1975 | 1134511 |
| dog immunoglobulins. ii. the antibacterial properties of dog iga, igm and igg antibodies to vibrio cholerae. | secretory iga antibodies to vibrio cholerae were purified from the parotid saliva and mammary secretions of locally and orally immunized dogs using gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography and anti-immunoglobulin immuno-absorbents. igm and igg antibodies were isolated from serum by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. iga antibodies proved to have minimal, if any, activity in direct killing of bacteria in the presence of complement or in the promotion of phagocytosis. the minimal a ... | 1975 | 1140826 |
| antimicrobial--resistance of vibrio cholerae biotype eltor. | | 1975 | 1141793 |
| sialyl residues in hepatitis b antigen: their role in determining the life span of the antigen in serum and in eliciting an immunological response. | hepatitis b surface antigen was adsorbed to insolubilized sialic acid-specific haemagglutinin isolated from the haemolymph of limulus polyphemus. treatment of the antigen with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (ec 3.2.1.18) resulted in the release of sialic acid and in an increase of the isoelectric point from ph 4-35 (for subtype ad) or 4-9 (for subtype ay) to ph 5-45. treated, but not untreated, antigen incorporated [14-c]-sialic acid when incubated at 37 degrees c with sialyl transferase (ec 2.4. ... | 1975 | 1141861 |
| proceedings: cell-wall composition of aerobic cutaneous "diphtherios" organisms. | | 1975 | 1142405 |
| isolation of dna polymerase gamma from an adenovirus 2 dna replication complex. | the major dna polymerase in a nuclear membrane complex that is capable of synthesizing viral dna sequences in vitro has been purified about 900-fold from adenovirus 2-infected kb cells. the enzyme was characterized as belonging to the class of mammalian dna polymerases (dna polymerase gamma) that can utilize poly(a) with oligo(dt) as template primer. | 1975 | 1142477 |
| [cholera (review of current studies)]. | | 1975 | 1145318 |
| alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes of human kidney and urine. | kidney and urinary alkaline phosphatases have been studied by starch gel electrophoresis. kidney extracts have shown individual variations and the patterns obtained with cortex and medulla have been clearly different. there are in urine and kidney extracts, phosphatases which share similar properties with regard to electrophoretic mobility, non-susceptibility to treatment with neuraminidase and inhibition by l-phenylalanine. | 1975 | 1149249 |
| ageing in vivo and neuraminidase treatment of rabbit erythrocytes: influence on half-life as assessed by 51cr labelling. | old and young rabbit erythrocytes, separated by centrifugation, contained different respective activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase and acetylcholinesterase, and different quantities of stromal sialic acid. a systematic study of the survival rate of young and old erythrocytes incubated with different amounts of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase is described. the half-life of intact old erythrocytes is significantly shorter than that of young erythrocytes with a similar si ... | 1975 | 1150154 |
| letter: isolation of vibrio cholerae. | | 1975 | 1150893 |
| cyanogen condensations as a route to 3-amino-2-imino-1,3-benzothiazin-4-ones with cns depressant potential. | seven new 3-amino-2-imino-1,3-benzothiazin-4-ones, prepared from the condensation of cyanogen and 2-mercaptobenzhydrazides, were evaluated in a neuropharmacological mouse profile. cns depression was observed in several members of the class. | 1975 | 1151723 |
| relationship of brain morphine levels to analgesic activity in acutely treated mice and rats and in pellet implanted mice. | the relationship of brain morphine concentration, determined fluorometrically, to tail-flick activity was investigated after acute and chronic morphine treatment of mice and acute treatment of rats. brain morphine levels were quantitatively related to the analgesic effect on acute administration, with levels of 100 and 140 ng/g of tissue corresponding to the ed50 in mice and rats, respectively. over a 90-minute time course after acute s.c. injection, the analgesic effect of morphine in the tail- ... | 1975 | 1151736 |
| comparative antihypertensive effects and tissue distribution of beta adrenergic blocking drugs. | the precise mechanism of the antihypertensive action of beta adrenergic blocking drugs is not known. both peripheral and central sites of action have been proposed. the comparative antihypertensive actions and tissue distribution of propranolol, pindolol and sotalol were investigated in both normotensive sprague-dawley and spontaneously hypertensive rats. from recordings of concurrent changes in blood pressure and heart rate it was observed that oral or subcutaneous administrations of both propr ... | 1975 | 1151751 |
| effects of nerve growth factors from mouse salivary glands and snake venom on the sympathetic ganglia of neonatal and developing mice. | 1. quantitative histological analysis has been made of the effects of nerve growth factor (ngf) from mouse submaxillary gland and from the venom of vipera russelli on superior cervical ganglia of neonatal mice. 2. the hypertrophic and hyperplastic effects reported by other workers have been confirmed. 3. the hypertrophic effect arises from an increase in the rate at which the sympathetic neurones attain their mature size. the size at maturity is never exceeded. 4. the hyperplastic effect arises ... | 1975 | 1151776 |
| the effect of calcium ions on the binomial statistic parameters which control acetylcholine release at synapses in striated muscle. | a study has been made of the effects of changing [ca]o and [mg]o on the binomial statistic parameters p and n which control the average quantal content (m) of the synaptic potential due to acetylcholine release. 2. when [ca]o was varied in the range 0-1 to 1-0 mm, p increased as the first power of [ca]o whereas n increased as the third power of [ca]o. 3. increasing [mg]o depressed both p and n, however variations of [ca]o in the presence of high [mg]o did not significantly change the power relat ... | 1975 | 1151780 |
| convergence in a thermal afferent pathway in the rat. | 1. in anaesthetized rats, unit activity was recorded in the afferent somatosensory pathway leading from the scrotum. recording sites were in the dorsal horn near the entry zone of the scrotal nerve, in the ventrobasal complex of the thalamus and in the somatosensory (si) cortex. during recording, the temperatures of the left and right sides of the scrotum were varied independently. 2. almost all (64/67) the units in dorsal horn, thalamus and cortex responding specifically to scrotal temperature ... | 1975 | 1151788 |
| proceedings: effects of histamine, 2-methylhistamine and 4-methylhistamine on blood pressure and vascular resistance in the cat. | | 1975 | 1151865 |
| human monocyte metabolism: male vs. female. | | 1975 | 1151943 |
| femoral percutaneous catheterization in infants and small children for cerebral angiography. | an improved technique of selective cerebral angiography for infants and small chicken is described. the needle is inserted approximately 45 degrees to the skin in order to avoid subintimal placement of the tip. after good backflow is established, the guidewire is advanced to a position in the descending aorta. a no. 3 polyethylene catheter and 21-gauge scalp vein needle were most successful. | 1975 | 1153751 |
| further evidence for cross-linking as a protective factor in experimental cholera: properties of antibody fragments. | enzymic fragments of igg antibody were tested for their protective abilities in the infant mouse cholera model. f(ab')2 retained the full protective activity of the parent igg molecule despite losses in complement fixation and opsonic functions. fab' and fab fragments also contained significant protective activity but at a level of only 10% of the intact igg or f(ab')2. self-recombinant univalent f(ab')2 also contained about 10% of the protective activity of the divalent f(ab')2 parent molecule. ... | 1975 | 1159322 |
| antibody cross-linking as a factor in immunity to cholera in infant mice. | several antibody preparations were tested for their ability to reduce adsorption of vibrio cholerae to isolated intestinal epithelial cells, and this ability was related to agglutination and protective activity in infant mice. the results demonstrate that (1) the reduction in adsorption of v. cholerae to epithelial cells correlates with the degree of agglutination for given antibody preparation; (2) intact tantibodies protect infant mice from cholera only at concentrations that agglutinate the b ... | 1975 | 1159323 |
| proceedings: observations on the cholera enterotoxin (choleragen). | | 1975 | 1160198 |
| [effect of infant foods enrichment with iron salts on hemoglobin and hematocrit values and serum iron levels in young infants]. | | 1975 | 1160233 |
| dietary fats and properties of endoplasmic reticulum: i. dietary lipid induced changes in composition of microsomal membranes in liver and gastroduodenal mucosa of rat. | rats were fed for four weeks with different lipid diets to determine the effects on the endoplasmic reticulum membranes of the liver and on the postmitochondrial supernatant fraction of the gastroduodenal mucosa. the diets contained cholesterol, cacao butter, olive oil, and these in combination. the results showed that dietary lipids were able to modify the composition of the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum and, to a lesser extent, that of postmitochondrial fraction of gastroduodenal mucosa. cacao ... | 1975 | 1160521 |
| interrelationship between configurational state and metabolism in mitochondria. | | 1975 | 1163126 |
| socio-economic and environmental factors and human health example of cholera el tor in manila. | the environmental health factors relevant to the occurrence of cholera in an urban milieu (manila) have been studied. cholera has been found to be a disease significantly more prevalent in the areas with lowest environmental condition. association have been found between the disease incidence and several socioeconomic variables: population density, water and sewer connections each per 1000 population and squatter/slum dweller density. the correlation between cholera incidence and population dens ... | 1975 | 1163167 |
| antibacterial mechanisms in the intestine. elimination of v. cholerae from the gastrointestinal tract of adult mice. | | 1975 | 1164261 |
| antibacterial mechanisms in the intestine. elimination of v. cholerae from the intestines of infant mice and the role of antibody. | | 1975 | 1164262 |
| binding of cholera toxin by various tissues. | under certain conditions, it is possible to confirm the observation by peterson (1974) that the cholera toxin-binding capacities of tissues from brain and colon mucosa, and from liver and small intestine mucosa, are comparable. binding of toxin by all tissues except brain is very variable, but is roughtly proportional to their content of the toxin-binding ganglioside galactosyl-n-acetylgalactosaminyl (sialosyl) lactosyl ceramide. it appears that some toxin-binding sites of the mucosa of the smal ... | 1975 | 1165119 |
| comparative morphology of genital cones of genus ancylostoma dubini, 1843. | male worms of ancylostoma braziliense, a. ceylanicum, a. kusimaense, a. malayanum, a. duodenale, a. caninum, a. tubaeforme, agriostomum vryburgi and cyclodontostomum purvisi have the external appendages beside the anogenital aperture. these anogenital structures are morphologically similar and are assumed to be homologous among the species with three pairs of teeth or more. in hookworms with two pairs of teeth, the anogenital structures are complex. anogenital features can be used as a taxonomic ... | 1975 | 1166351 |
| specific effect of neuraminidase on blastogenic response of sensitized lymphocytes. | the blastogenic response of sensitized lymphocytes from guinea-pigs to 'de novo' antigens (klh, hch and ppd) was ehhanced by bcn treatment in twenty-one of twenty-three instances. in contrast, no effect of vcn on nonsensitized guinea-pig lymphocyte response to these antigens, or to mumps antigen, was noted in any of thirty-four instances, these findings indicate that the enhancement effect of vcn is specific for sensitized lymphocytes. heating vcn at 100 degrees for 10 minutes completely abolish ... | 1975 | 1168168 |
| in vitro depression of cellular immunity by friend virus leukemic spleen cells. | | 1975 | 1168547 |
| preparation of high-quality iodine-125-labelled pituitary luteinizing hormone for radioimmunoassay. | high quality pituitary luteinizing hormone labelled with 125-i was obtained after separating out the more heavily iodinated fractions, through starch gel electrophoresis, using the cathodal component (fraction 1) which was further purified on sephadex g-100, giving an almost pure 125-i-labelled luteinizing hormone preparation, presenting excellent immunoreactivity and low levels of damage on incubation in plasma. the quality control of the steps of the technique was done with plasma-coated talc ... | 1975 | 1168555 |
| combined staining of protein-bound sulphydryl groups and dna in polyacrylamide model systems. | a model system of polyacrylamide films containing protein and dna has been used to examine the feasibility of combining the dihydroxydinaphthyldisulphide (ddd)-diazonium salt procedure for localizing protein-bound sulphydryl groups with the feulgen technique for dna to make possible the direct measurement of both these parameters simultaneously. optimun conditions for the sulphydryl group reaction require reduction of the protein-containing films in 10% aqueous ammonium sulphide for 3 hr at 50 d ... | 1975 | 1168630 |
| transport and storage of serotonin by thrombin-treated platelets. | repeated thrombin treatment of washed platelets prepared from rabbits can decrease the serotonin content of the platelets by about 80%. when these platelets are deaggregated they reaccumulate serotonin but their storage capacity for serotonin is reduced by about 60%. if thrombin-pretreated platelets are allowed to equilibrate with a high concentration of serotonin (123 mu m), they release a smaller percentage of their total serotonin upon further thrombin treatment, in comparison with the percen ... | 1975 | 1168649 |
| motility of the oviduct and uterus of the cow during the oestrous cycle. | recordings of electrical activity of the oviduct and uterus were obtained during three oestrous cycles in cows fitted with an extra-cellular multi-electrode assembly. the stages of the cycle were identified by the appearance of the cervico-vaginal secretions and changes in the peripheral plasma level of progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay. a gradual transition from local non-propagating electrical activity to propagating electrical activity with increase in the duration of contracti ... | 1975 | 1168710 |
| hl-a w27 in psoriatic arthropathy. | forty subjects with psoriatic arthritis (pa) underwent hl-a tissue typing. hl-a w27 was significantly increased in psoriatic spondylitis (35%), whereas statistical significance was not reached in patients with peripheral arthritis alone, although w27 was present in a frequency greater than in controls. psoriatic spondylitis (often asymptomatic) occurred in 57% (23 of 40) of our pa patients. of interest, psoriatic spondylitis was more often w27 negative than w27 positive; nevertheless, w27-positi ... | 1975 | 1169069 |
| on the role of sialic acid in the rheological properties of mucus. | the importance of sialic acid in the rheological properties of mucus has been investigated. both bovine cervical mucus, which is a gel, and the structural glycoprotein derived from it were studied before and after treatment with neuraminidase which selectively cleaves terminal sialic acid residues. the storage modulus, viscosity and circular dichroism spectrum were all essentially changed after removal of the sialic acid. these results would indicate that removal of sialic acid does not affect t ... | 1975 | 1169073 |
| [the effect of neuraminidase on the corpus luteum of the pregnant mouse. an ultrastructural study]. | | 1975 | 1170110 |
| cell contact-dependent ganglioside changes in mouse 3t3 gibroblasts and a suppressed sialidase activity on cell contact. | certain enzyme activities for synthesis and degradation of gangliosides and the chemical quantity and incorporation of radioactivity from [14c] galactose into gangliosides have been studied in 3t3 cells and their transformed counterparts at various cell population densities. the chemical quantity of and the incorporation of radioactivity into gd1a ganglioside increased at the early stage of cell contact ("contact response" of ganglisoide), whereas response was not detectable in transformed 3t3 c ... | 1975 | 1170879 |
| relation of the neuraminidase-revealed antigens of human lymphocytes and erythrocytes. | | 1975 | 1171544 |
| interaction of furazolidone with dna. | dn forms a complex with furazolidone producing thereby a quenching and a bathochromic shift of the drug absorption pattern. the binding isotherm was a non-linear one indicating involvement of more than one binding process in the formation of the furazolidone - dna complex. the furazolidone - dna complex inhibited digestion of dna by dnaase and stabilized dna against thermal strand separation by a significant degree. | 1975 | 1174533 |
| metabolic actions of vasopressin, glucagon and adrenalin in the intact rat. | metabolic effects of vasopressin, glucagan and adrenalin were compared, in intact rats, especially in regard to time courses of effects. hyperglycaemia was transient in response to vasopressin, prolonged following adrenalin, and, suprisingly, was not discernible after glucagon, except in response to a very large dose. vasopressin decreased and adrenalin increased, the plasma free fatty acid concentration; both hormones decreased the triacylglycerol level. muscle glycogen concentrations, measured ... | 1975 | 1182200 |
| cholera toxin effects on cell growth accompanied by selective alterations in metabolite uptake and modification of cell surface proteins. | exposure of chinese hamster ovary cells to cholera toxin at or below mug levels causes a marked morphological changes and increased adhesion and orientation of the cells. such changes are paralleled by alterations in surface proteins as indicated by the cholera toxin-mediated modifications detectable by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination of outer proteins. mild tryptic treatment of cells prelabeled with [3h]glucosamine revealed a different kinetics of release of external glycoproteins in ... | 1975 | 1182696 |
| the organized distribution of acrosomal proteinase within the acrosomes of rabbit spermatozoa. | acrosomal proteinase was found to be present in a highly organized distribution in the acrosomes of rabbit spermatozoa, using cytochemistry. this distribution consists of at least six linear loops of evenly spaced proteinase granules, which run diagonally across the flat side of the sperm head in a criss-crossing pattern. two additional loops may be present, one encircling the tip of the spermatozoon in the region of the acrosome reaction, and the other at the posterior end of the acrosome. the ... | 1975 | 1183631 |