| analgesic effect of percutaneously absorbed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: an experimental study in a rat acute inflammation model. | external medication that is absorbed percutaneously may be used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain from acute injuries such as ankle sprains and bruises. the plaster method of percutaneous absorption for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) was established in japan in 1988. however, due to the possibility of a placebo effect, the efficacy of this method remains unclear. this experimental study was conducted to control for the placebo effect and to study the efficacy of the plaster ... | 2008 | 18234123 |
| generation of an agonistic binding site for blockers of the m(3) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. | gpcrs (g-protein-coupled receptors) exist in a spontaneous equilibrium between active and inactive conformations that are stabilized by agonists and inverse agonists respectively. because ligand binding of agonists and inverse agonists often occurs in a competitive manner, one can assume an overlap between both binding sites. only a few studies report mutations in gpcrs that convert receptor blockers into agonists by unknown mechanisms. taking advantage of a genetically modified yeast strain, we ... | 2008 | 18237275 |
| functional expression of the voltage-gated neuronal mammalian potassium channel rat ether à go-go1 in yeast. | it has been shown previously that heterologous expression of inwardly rectifying potassium channels (k+-channels) from plants and mammals in k+-transport defective yeast mutants can restore the ability of growth in media with low [k+]. in this study, the functional expression of an outward rectifying mammalian k+-channel in yeast is presented for the first time. the outward-rectifying mammalian neuronal k+-channel rat ether à go-go channel 1 (reag1, kv 10.1) was expressed in yeast (saccharomyces ... | 2008 | 18248412 |
| comparative study of the peptide composition of complex iii (quinol-cytochrome c reductase). | a comparative study has been made on the subunits of complex iii from beef heart, rat liver, neurospora, and baker's yeast mitochondria. all of the subunits of the beef heart enzyme were similar to the counterpart subunit in rat liver complex iii, both with respect to their apparent molecular weights on sds-polyacrylamide gels and their proteolytic digestion maps obtained in the presence of s. subtilus v8 protease. in contrast, the subunits of neurospora and yeast complex iii varied considerably ... | 1983 | 18251112 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 8-aminomethylated oroxylin a analogues as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. | a series of 8-aminomethylated derivatives (1a-1j) were prepared by mannich reaction of oroxylin a (1) with appropriate primary or secondary amines and para-formaldehyde. all the compounds were tested for their alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity against both yeast and rat intestinal alpha-glucosidase. some of the compounds demonstrated significantly better alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity than the parent compound (oroxylin a). | 2008 | 18255289 |
| interaction with dopamine d2 receptor enhances expression of transient receptor potential channel 1 at the cell surface. | receptor signaling is mediated by direct protein interaction with various types of cytoskeletal, adapter, effector, and additional receptor molecules. in brain tissue and in cultured neurons, activation of dopamine d2 receptors (d2rs) has been found to impact cellular calcium signaling. using a yeast two-hybrid approach, we have uncovered a direct physical interaction between the d2r and the transient receptor potential channel (trpc) subtypes 1, 4 and 5. the trpc/d2r interaction was further val ... | 2008 | 18261457 |
| enigma homolog 1 scaffolds protein kinase d1 to regulate the activity of the cardiac l-type voltage-gated calcium channel. | in cardiomyocytes, protein kinase d1 (pkd1) plays a central role in the response to stress signals. from a yeast two-hybrid assay, we have identified enigma homolog 1 (enh1) as a new binding partner of pkd1. since in neurons, enh1, associated with protein kinase cepsilon, was shown to modulate the activity of n-type calcium channels, and the pore-forming subunit of the cardiac l-type voltage-gated calcium channel, alpha1c, possesses a potential phosphorylation site for pkd1, we studied here a po ... | 2008 | 18296710 |
| safety assessment of 2-ethyl-3,(5 or 6) dimethylpyrazine as a food ingredient. | 2-ethyl-3,(5 or 6)-dimethylpyrazine (cas no. 27043-05-6), a heterocyclic, nitrogen-containing compound, is used in the food industry as a flavor ingredient for its characteristic roasted odor and flavor, reminiscent of roasted cocoa or nuts. pyrazines, including 2-ethyl-3,(5 or 6)-dimethylpyrazine, are widely distributed in foods and because of their natural unavoidable occurrence in cooked food; therefore, pyrazine compounds, including 2-ethyl-3,(5 or 6)-dimethylpyrazine, are commonly consumed ... | 2008 | 18304712 |
| anticonvulsant, analgesic and antipyretic activities of taxus wallichiana zucc. | taxus wallichiana zucc. (himalayan yew) is often used in northern areas of pakistan for the treatment of pyrexia, acute pains and epilepsy. we have investigated certain pharmacological activities of the methanol leaf extract against convulsion, nociception and pyrexia induced in rodents. the aim was to justify and explore its folk uses in these pathological conditions, on scientific basis. the studies were carried out using acetic acid-induced nociception and pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsio ... | 2008 | 18308491 |
| alg-2 interacting protein aip1: a novel link between d1 and d3 signalling. | dopamine signalling is a critically important process in the human brain that controls mood, cognition and motor activity. in order to gain detailed insight into this signalling pathway at the molecular level, we carried out yeast two-hybrid screens with d1-like (d1, d5) and d2-like (d2, d3, d4) dopamine receptors and identified 11 dopamine receptor interacting proteins (drips). using the c-terminal domain of d1 receptor as bait, we identified aip1 (alg-2 interacting protein 1), a known modulato ... | 2008 | 18380665 |
| beta-glucans, history, and the present: immunomodulatory aspects and mechanisms of action. | the present paper represents a comprehensive up-to-date review of beta -glucans, their chemical and biological properties, and their role in immunological reactions. beta -d-glucans belong to a group of physiologically active compounds called biological response modifiers and represent highly conserved structural components of cell walls in yeast, fungi, or seaweed. despite almost 150 years of research, the exact mechanisms of their action remain unclear. the present review starts with the histo ... | 2008 | 18382858 |
| cyclin-dependent kinase 5 phosphorylation of human septin sept5 (hcdcrel-1) modulates exocytosis. | cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) is predominantly expressed in the nervous system, where it is involved in neuronal migration, synaptic transmission, and survival. the role of cdk5 in synaptic transmission is mediated by regulating the cellular functions of presynaptic proteins such as synapsin, munc18, and dynamin 1. its multifunctional role at the synapse is complex and probably involves other novel substrates. to explore this possibility, we used a yeast two-hybrid screen of a human cdna libr ... | 2008 | 18385322 |
| anti-serum albumin domain antibodies for extending the half-lives of short lived drugs. | we have used phage display to isolate a range of human domain antibodies (dabs) that bind to mouse, rat and/or human serum albumin (sa) and can be expressed at very high levels in bacterial, yeast or mammalian cell culture. in contrast to non-sa-binding dabs, which have terminal half-lives of less than 45 min, the half-lives of these 12 kda 'albudabs' can match the half-life of sa itself. to demonstrate the use of albudabs for extending the half-lives of therapeutic drugs, we created a fusion of ... | 2008 | 18387938 |
| antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties of an aqueous extract of dicranopteris linearis leaves in experimental animal models. | this study was performed out to establish the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties of an aqueous extract of dicranopteris linearis leaves in experimental animals. the antinociceptive activity was measured using the abdominal constriction, hot plate, and formalin tests. the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities were measured using the carrageenan-induced paw edema and brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia tests, respectively. the extract, obtained after 72 h soaking of t ... | 2008 | 18404320 |
| phylogenetic distribution of large-scale genome patchiness. | the phylogenetic distribution of large-scale genome structure (i.e. mosaic compositional patchiness) has been explored mainly by analytical ultracentrifugation of bulk dna. however, with the availability of large, good-quality chromosome sequences, and the recently developed computational methods to directly analyze patchiness on the genome sequence, an evolutionary comparative analysis can be carried out at the sequence level. | 2008 | 18405379 |
| monitoring protein-protein interactions between the mammalian integral membrane transporters and pdz-interacting partners using a modified split-ubiquitin membrane yeast two-hybrid system. | pdz-binding motifs are found in the c-terminal tails of numerous integral membrane proteins where they mediate specific protein-protein interactions by binding to pdz-containing proteins. conventional yeast two-hybrid screens have been used to probe protein-protein interactions of these soluble c termini. however, to date no in vivo technology has been available to study interactions between the full-length integral membrane proteins and their cognate pdz-interacting partners. we previously deve ... | 2008 | 18407958 |
| profound and paradoxical impact on arthritis and autoimmunity of the rat antigen-presenting lectin-like receptor complex. | the antigen-presenting lectin-like receptor complex (aplec) was recently identified as a genetic determinant for arthritis susceptibility. we undertook this study to define mechanisms underlying the impact of aplec on arthritis, to determine whether sex effects occur, and to determine whether aplec influences different types of arthritis and phenotypes other than susceptibility. | 2008 | 18438855 |
| a yeast genetic screen reveals a critical role for the pore helix domain in trp channel gating. | trp cation channels function as cellular sensors in uni- and multicellular eukaryotes. despite intensive study, the mechanisms of trp channel activation by chemical or physical stimuli remain poorly understood. to identify amino acid residues crucial for trp channel gating, we developed an unbiased, high-throughput genetic screen in yeast that uncovered rare, constitutively active mutants of the capsaicin receptor, trpv1. we show that mutations within the pore helix domain dramatically increase ... | 2008 | 18466747 |
| conceivable difference in the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of lipocortins 1 and 5. | human recombinant lipocortins (lct) 1 and 5 have been expressed in a yeast secretion vector and purified by ion exchange chromatography. the action of the proteins has been investigated in two models of experimental acute inflammation in the rat: carrageenin induced paw oedema and zymosan induced pleurisy. the effects of the proteins on pge(2) release in vitro by rat macrophages stimulated with zymosan and on rat neutrophil chemotaxis induced by fmlp have also been assessed. lct-1 significantly ... | 1993 | 18475511 |
| hubba: hub objects analyzer--a framework of interactome hubs identification for network biology. | one major task in the post-genome era is to reconstruct proteomic and genomic interacting networks using high-throughput experiment data. to identify essential nodes/hubs in these interactomes is a way to decipher the critical keys inside biochemical pathways or complex networks. these essential nodes/hubs may serve as potential drug-targets for developing novel therapy of human diseases, such as cancer or infectious disease caused by emerging pathogens. hub objects analyzer (hubba) is a web-bas ... | 2008 | 18503085 |
| effect of concanavalin a (con-a) on the hormone production of the unicellular tetrahymena and the immune cells of the rat. a comparative study. | tetrahymena populations were treated with 10(-15) g ml(-1) or 10(-6) g ml(-1) concanavalin-a (con-a) in tryptone-yeast medium for 1 h. rat peritoneal immune cells (mast cells, lymphocytes, monocyte-granulocyte group) were also treated with 10(-6) g ml(-1) con-a, for 1 h. the cells' hormone (acth, histamine, serotonin, endorphin, triiodothyronine (t(3))) content was measured by using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. the extremely low dose of con-a universally and significantly elevated the ... | 2008 | 18508386 |
| characterization of a novel cardiac isoform of the cell cycle-related kinase that is regulated during heart failure. | myocardial infarction (mi) is often followed by heart failure (hf), but the mechanisms precipitating the transition to hf remain largely unknown. a genomic profile was performed in a monkey model of mi, from the myocardium adjacent to chronic (2-month) mi followed by 3 weeks of pacing to develop hf. the transcript of the gene encoding the cell cycle-related kinase (ccrk) was down-regulated by 50% in hf heart compared with control (p<0.05), which was confirmed by quantitative pcr. the ccrk sequen ... | 2008 | 18508765 |
| determination of biotin (vitamin h) by the high-performance affinity chromatography with a trypsin-treated avidin-bound column. | a method for measuring biotin by affinity-chromatography was developed using a trypsin-treated avidin silica gel column. elution was by a linear gradient of propan-2-ol in an acidic phosphate buffer system containing 0.7 m nacl (ph 2.4). biotin was derivatized with 9-anthryldiazomethane (adam) to the fluorescent biotin-adam ester and a linear calibration line was obtained from 0 to 1.39 pmol with a detection limit of 69.5 fmol. biotin was measured after hydrolysis in 2.25 m sulphuric acid for 1h ... | 2008 | 18514598 |
| predicting n-terminal acetylation based on feature selection method. | methionine aminopeptidase and n-terminal acetyltransferase are two enzymes that contribute most to the n-terminal acetylation, which has long been recognized as a frequent and important kind of co-translational modifications [r.a. bradshaw, w.w. brickey, k.w. walker, n-terminal processing: the methionine aminopeptidase and n alpha-acetyl transferase families, trends biochem. sci. 23 (1998) 263-267]. the combined action of these two enzymes leads to two types of n-terminal acetylated proteins tha ... | 2008 | 18533108 |
| d-amino acids in the brain: the biochemistry of brain serine racemase. | it has been recently established that in various brain regions d-serine, the product of serine racemase, occupies the so-called 'glycine site' within n-methyl d-aspartate receptors. mammalian brain serine racemase is a pyridoxal-5' phosphate-containing enzyme that catalyzes the racemization of l-serine to d-serine. it has also been shown to catalyze the alpha,beta-elimination of water from l-serine or d-serine to form pyruvate and ammonia. serine racemase is included within the group of type ii- ... | 2008 | 18564178 |
| mammalian mitochondria have the innate ability to import trnas by a mechanism distinct from protein import. | mitochondrial genomes generally encode a minimal set of trnas necessary for protein synthesis. however, a number of eukaryotes import trnas from the cytoplasm into their mitochondria. for instance, saccharomyces cerevisiae imports cytoplasmic trna(gln) into the mitochondrion without any added protein factors. here, we examine the existence of a similar active trna import system in mammalian mitochondria. we have used subcellular rna fractions from rat liver and human cells to perform rt-pcr with ... | 2008 | 18587046 |
| analysis of proteins interacting with trip8b adapter. | calcium-independent receptor of latrotoxin (cirl) is an orphan heptahelical receptor implicated in regulation of exocytosis. to characterize molecular mechanisms of cirl functioning, we searched for its intracellular partners using the yeast two-hybrid sr system with the cytoplasmic c-terminal fragment of cirl as bait. one of the interacting proteins was identified as trip8b, a putative cytosolic adapter protein with multiple tetratricopeptide repeats. to understand functional significance of ci ... | 2008 | 18620529 |
| complementary adhesin function in c. albicans biofilm formation. | biofilms are surface-associated microbial communities with significant environmental and medical impact. here, we focus on an adherence mechanism that permits biofilm formation by candida albicans, the major invasive fungal pathogen of humans. | 2008 | 18635358 |
| functional analysis of kv1.2 and paddle chimera kv channels in planar lipid bilayers. | voltage-dependent k(+) (kv) channels play key roles in shaping electrical signaling in both excitable and nonexcitable cells. these channels open and close in response to the voltage changes across the cell membrane. many studies have been carried out in order to understand the voltage-sensing mechanism. our laboratory recently determined the atomic structures of a mammalian kv channel kv1.2 and a mutant of kv1.2 named the 'paddle chimera' channel, in which the voltage sensor paddle was transfer ... | 2008 | 18638484 |
| terminating transcription in yeast: whether to be a 'nerd' or a 'rat'. | | 2008 | 18679429 |
| targeting of the 5-ht1a serotonin receptor to neuronal dendrites is mediated by yif1b. | the 5-ht(1a) receptor (5-ht(1a)r) is the most extensively characterized serotonin (5-ht) receptor mainly because of its involvement in the mode of action of antidepressants. the 5-ht(1a)r is confined to the somatodendritic domain of central neurons, where it mediates serotonin-evoked hyperpolarization. our previous studies underlined the role of the short 5-ht(1a)r c-terminal domain in receptor targeting to dendrites. we used this 17 aa region as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen, and identified ... | 2008 | 18685031 |
| a manganese-dependent ribozyme in the 3'-untranslated region of xenopus vg1 mrna. | the smallest catalytic rna identified to date is a manganese-dependent ribozyme that requires only a complex between gaaa and uuu to effect site-specific cleavage. we show here that this ribozyme occurs naturally in the 3'-utr of vg1 and beta-actin mrnas. in accord with earlier studies with model rnas, cleavage occurs only in the presence of manganese or cadmium ions and proceeds optimally near 30 degrees c and physiological ph. the time course of cleavage in vg1 mrna best fits a two-step proces ... | 2008 | 18753150 |
| antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antipyretic properties of channa striatus fillet aqueous and lipid-based extracts in rats. | the present study was carried out to elucidate the antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antipyretic properties of the aqueous and lipid-based extracts of channa striatus fillet in rats. the antinociceptive activity was assessed using the formalin test, and the antiinflammatory and antipyretic activities were assessed using the carrageenan-induced paw edema and brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia tests, respectively. both types of extracts were prepared in concentrations of 10%, 50% and 100% by seria ... | 2008 | 18806894 |
| munc18a scaffolds snare assembly to promote membrane fusion. | munc18a is an sm protein required for snare-mediated fusion. the molecular details of how munc18a acts to enhance neurosecretion have remained elusive. here, we use in vitro fusion assays to characterize how specific interactions between munc18a and the neuronal snares enhance the rate and extent of fusion. we show that munc18a interacts directly and functionally with the preassembled t-snare complex. analysis of munc18a point mutations indicates that munc18a interacts with helix c of the syntax ... | 2008 | 18829865 |
| efficient synthesis of functional isoprenoids from acetoacetate through metabolic pathway-engineered escherichia coli. | we show here an efficient synthesis system of isoprenoids from acetoacetate as the main substrate. we expressed in escherichia coli a streptomyces mevalonate pathway gene cluster starting from hmg-coa synthase and including isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (idi) type 2 gene and the yeast idi type 1 and rat acetoacetate-coa ligase (aacl) genes. when the alpha-humulene synthase (zss1) gene of shampoo ginger was expressed in this transformant, the resultant e. coli produced 958 mug/ml culture of a ... | 2009 | 18836713 |
| modulation of experimental osteoporosis in rats by the antioxidant beverage effective microorganism-x (em-x). | osteoporosis is a disease of aging associated with bone loss that often occurs without symptoms until microarchitectural deterioration becomes so significant that bone fracture occurs. the effective microorganism-x (em-x) is an antioxidant beverage derived from ferment of unpolished rice, sea weeds and papaya with effective microorganisms of lactic acid bacteria, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria (containing minerals, alpha-tocopherol, lycopene, ubiquinone, saponin and flavonoids). the levels of ... | 2009 | 18930627 |
| mink is a rap2 effector for phosphorylation of the postsynaptic scaffold protein tanc1. | rap1 and rap2 are similar ras-like g proteins but perform distinct functions. by the affinity chromatography/mass-spectrometry approach and the yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified misshapen/niks-related kinase (mink) as a novel rap2-interacting protein that does not interact with rap1 or ras. mink is a member of the ste20 group of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases. the interaction between mink and rap2 was gtp-dependent and required phe39 within the effector region of ... | 2008 | 18930710 |
| synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a novel series of 5-(substituted)aryl-3-(3-coumarinyl)-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolines as novel anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. | a novel series of 5-(substituted)aryl-3-(3-coumarinyl)-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolines (3a-l) were synthesized by reacting various substituted 3-aryl-1-(3-coumarinyl)propan-1-ones (2a-l) with phenylhydrazine in the presence of hot pyridine. structures of all new synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data (ir, (1)h nmr and (13)c nmr). the title compounds were screened for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. among ... | 2009 | 18986738 |
| structural and functional differences between krit1a and krit1b isoforms: a framework for understanding ccm pathogenesis. | krit1 is a disease gene responsible for cerebral cavernous malformations (ccm). it encodes for a protein containing distinct protein-protein interaction domains, including three npxy/f motifs and a ferm domain. previously, we isolated krit1b, an isoform characterized by the alternative splicing of the 15th coding exon and suspected to cause ccm when abnormally expressed. combining homology modeling and docking methods of protein-structure and ligand binding prediction with the yeast two-hybrid a ... | 2009 | 18992740 |
| activation of protein kinase czeta increases oat1 (slc22a6)- and oat3 (slc22a8)-mediated transport. | organic anion transporters (oats) play a pivotal role in the clearance of small organic anions by the kidney, yet little is known about how their activity is regulated. a yeast two-hybrid assay was used to identify putative oat3-associated proteins in the kidney. atypical protein kinase czeta (pkczeta) was shown to bind to oat3. binding was confirmed in immunoprecipitation assays. the oat3/pkczeta interaction was investigated in rodent renal cortical slices from fasted animals. insulin, an upstr ... | 2009 | 19028678 |
| protein sycp2 provides a link between transverse filaments and lateral elements of mammalian synaptonemal complexes. | synaptonemal complexes (scs) are evolutionarily conserved meiosis-specific nuclear structures critically involved in synapsis, recombination, and segregation of homologous chromosomes. scs are proteinaceous structures composed of (a) two lateral elements (les), to which the chromatin of the homologs is attached, (b) numerous transverse filaments (tfs) that link the les, and (c) a central element (ce). major protein components of mammalian scs are the tf protein sycp1 and the le proteins sycp2 an ... | 2009 | 19034475 |
| a yeast display immunoprecipitation method for efficient isolation and characterization of antigens. | yeast antibody display has found a wide variety of applications including antibody affinity maturation, epitope mapping, and library screening. here we report a yeast display immunoprecipitation (ydip) technique that employs yeast cells displaying single-chain antibody fragments (scfv) on their surface as affinity capture reagents to isolate and characterize antigens. we show that displayed single-chain antibody fragments are active in a variety of detergent solutions commonly used for immunopre ... | 2009 | 19041873 |
| a sparse pls for variable selection when integrating omics data. | recent biotechnology advances allow for multiple types of omics data, such as transcriptomic, proteomic or metabolomic data sets to be integrated. the problem of feature selection has been addressed several times in the context of classification, but needs to be handled in a specific manner when integrating data. in this study, we focus on the integration of two-block data that are measured on the same samples. our goal is to combine integration and simultaneous variable selection of the two dat ... | 2008 | 19049491 |
| research on animal model organisms funded by the european commission's framework programmes. | recognising the crucial role of model organisms in exploring the causes of human disease and in developing safe treatments, the european commission has invested euro180 million in collaborative research projects on model organisms since 2002. further financial support is planned for the future. projects supported by the european commission are playing an important role in structuring the research landscape in europe and creating the knowledge base to understand health and disease. furthermore, t ... | 2008 | 19093026 |
| homology modeling of human transketolase: description of critical sites useful for drug design and study of the cofactor binding mode. | transketolase, the most critical enzyme of the non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway, has been reported as a new target protein for cancer research. however, since the crystal structure of human transketolase is unknown, no structure-based methods can be used to identify new inhibitors. we performed homology modeling of human transketolase using the crystal structure of yeast as a template, and then refined the model through molecular dynamics simulations. based on the resulting ... | 2009 | 19111488 |
| studies on the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of parquetina nigrescens leaf extract. | parquetina nigrescens is a shrub that is commonly used in different parts of west africa for the treatment of several ailments which includes pain, fever and inflammatory conditions. | 2009 | 19111918 |
| signalling pathway involving gulp, mapk and rac1 for sr-bi-induced phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. | class b scavenger receptor type i (sr-bi) is a phosphatidylserine (ps)-recognizing receptor of testicular sertoli cells responsible for the phagocytosis of spermatogenic cells undergoing apoptosis. here, we determined signal mediators that compose a signalling pathway for sr-bi-induced phagocytosis. results of a yeast two-hybrid analysis and a cell-free binding assay indicated that sr-bi binds to engulfment adapter protein (gulp) using the c-terminal intracellular domain. a co-immunoprecipitatio ... | 2009 | 19122200 |
| expression of two human acyl-coa:diacylglycerol acyltransferase isozymes in yeast and selectivity of microbial inhibitors toward the isozymes. | two isozymes for human acyl-coenzyme a:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat), dgat1 and dgat2, were independently expressed in dgat-deficient saccharomyces cerevisiae to establish dgat1- and dgat2-s. cerevisiae. the selectivity of dgat inhibitors of natural origin towards the isozymes was assessed in enzyme assays using the microsomal fractions prepared from dgat1- and dgat2-s. cerevisiae. amidepsines and xanthohumol inhibited dgat1 and dgat2 with similar potency, whereas roselipins were found t ... | 2009 | 19132064 |
| self-association of transmembrane domain 2 (tm2), but not tm1, in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a: role of gxxxg(a) motifs. | carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (cpt1) controls the rate of entry of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix for beta-oxidation and has been reported to exist as an oligomer. we have investigated the in vivo oligomerization of full-length rat cpt1a (rcpt1a) along with those of the n-terminal truncation/deletion mutants delta(1-82), delta(1-18), and delta(19-30) expressed in yeast mitochondria. the data indicate that in liver mitochondria in vivo cpt1a exists as a hexamer but that d ... | 2009 | 19136561 |
| contactin-associated protein (caspr) 2 interacts with carboxypeptidase e in the cns. | to identify proteins interacting with the intracellular domain of the neural cell adhesion molecule contactin-associated protein 2 (caspr2), yeast two-hybrid screening was performed. we identified carboxypeptidase e (cpe) as a caspr2-interacting candidate protein. glutathione s-transferase pull-down and immunoprecipitation analyses indicated that caspr2 was associated with cpe in vitro and in vivo. both caspr2 and cpe were expressed predominantly in the cns. immunohistochemical analyses revealed ... | 2009 | 19166515 |
| hypotonic shocks activate rat trpv4 in yeast in the absence of polyunsaturated fatty acids. | transient-receptor-potential channels (trps) underlie the sensing of chemicals, heat, and mechanical force. we expressed the rat trpv1 and trpv4 subtypes in yeast and monitored their activities in vivo as ca(2+) rise using transgenic aequorin. heat and capsaicin activate trpv1 but not trpv4 in yeast. hypotonic shocks activate trpv4 but not trpv1. osmotic swelling is modeled to activate enzyme(s), producing polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) to open trpv4 in mammalian cells. this model relegates ... | 2009 | 19174160 |
| isolation of mammalian 26s proteasomes and p97/vcp complexes using the ubiquitin-like domain from hhr23b reveals novel proteasome-associated proteins. | recent studies, mainly in yeast, have identified various cofactors that associate with the 26s proteasome and appear to influence its function. to identify these proteins in different cells and physiological states, we developed a method to gently and rapidly isolate 26s proteasomes and associated proteins without the need for genetic modifications of the proteasome. this method is based on the affinity of this complex for the ubiquitin-like (ubl) domain of hhr23b and elution with a competing po ... | 2009 | 19182904 |
| cytosolic lc3 ratio as a quantitative index of macroautophagy. | macroautophagy, an intracellular bulk degradation process and a typical form of autophagy in eukaryotes, is sensitive to physiological regulation, such as the supply and deprivation of nutrients. microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (lc3), a mammalian homologue of yeast atg8, plays a critical role in macroautophagy formation and is considered a suitable marker for this process. in mammalian cells, there is a limitation for biochemical and morphological methods to monitor autophagy with ... | 2009 | 19200884 |
| [estimation of organic and inorganic selenium bioavailability in experiments with growing rats]. | there was conducted a comparative study of organic and inorganic selenium forms bioavailability and of an influence of said trace elements safety on growth parameters and glutathione peroxidase activity in male wister rats. the results obtained confirmed an advance of organic selenium use (as an enzymatic yeast hydrolysate) on comparison to it's inorganic form (sodium selenite). | 2008 | 19227868 |
| interaction of mint2 with trka is involved in regulation of nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth. | trka receptor signaling is essential for nerve growth factor (ngf)-induced survival and differentiation of sensory neurons. to identify possible effectors or regulators of trka signaling, yeast two-hybrid screening was performed using the intracellular domain of trka as bait. we identified muc18-1-interacting protein 2 (mint2) as a novel trka-binding protein and found that the phosphotyrosine binding domain of mint2 interacted with trka in a phosphorylation- and ligand-independent fashion. coimm ... | 2009 | 19265194 |
| identification of the variant ala335val of med25 as responsible for cmt2b2: molecular data, functional studies of the sh3 recognition motif and correlation between wild-type med25 and pmp22 rna levels in cmt1a animal models. | charcot-marie-tooth (cmt) disease is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. all mendelian patterns of inheritance have been described. we identified a homozygous p.a335v mutation in the med25 gene in an extended costa rican family with autosomal recessively inherited charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy linked to the cmt2b2 locus in chromosome 19q13.3. med25, also known as arc92 and acid1, is a subunit of the human activator-recruited cofactor (arc), a family of large transcriptional coa ... | 2009 | 19290556 |
| interaction of a multi-domain adaptor protein, vinexin, with a rho-effector, rhotekin. | among various effector proteins for the rho small gtpase, the function(s) of rhotekin is almost unknown. we have identified a multi-domain adaptor protein, vinexin, as a binding partner for rhotekin, using yeast two-hybrid screening of a human heart library. rhotekin was found to associate with vinexin in vitro, in cos7 cells, and in brain tissues. the c-terminal pro-rich motif of rhotekin exhibited binding to the third sh3 domain of vinexin. the binding was little affected by rho but was inhibi ... | 2009 | 19294487 |
| chemically assisted microbial production of succinic acid by the yeast yarrowia lipolytica grown on ethanol. | a new two-step process of production of succinic acid (sa) has been developed, which includes the microbial synthesis of alpha-ketoglutaric acid by the yeast yarrowia lipolytica (step 1) and subsequent oxidation of the acid by hydrogen peroxide to sa (step 2). the maximum concentration of sa and its yield were found to be 63.4 g l(-1) and 58% of the ethanol consumed, respectively. the purity of the sa isolated from the culture liquid filtrate reached 100%. the yield of sa was as high as 82% of i ... | 2009 | 19300993 |
| selective vulnerability in alzheimer's disease: amyloid precursor protein and p75(ntr) interaction. | selective neuronal vulnerability in neurodegenerative diseases is poorly understood. in alzheimer's disease, the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are selectively vulnerable, putatively because of their expression of the cell death mediator p75(ntr) (the common neurotrophin receptor), and its interaction with proapoptotic ligands pro-nerve growth factor and amyloid-beta peptide. however, the relation between amyloid precursor protein (app) and p75(ntr) has not been described previously. | 2009 | 19334058 |
| transforming growth factor beta1 signaling via interaction with cell surface hyal-2 and recruitment of wwox/wox1. | transforming growth factor beta (tgf-beta) initiates multiple signal pathways and activates many downstream kinases. here, we determined that tgf-beta1 bound cell surface hyaluronidase hyal-2 on microvilli in type ii tgf-beta receptor-deficient hct116 cells, as determined by immunoelectron microscopy. this binding resulted in recruitment of proapoptotic wox1 (also named wwox or for) and formation of hyal-2.wox1 complexes for relocation to the nuclei. tgf-beta1 strengthened the binding of the cat ... | 2009 | 19366691 |
| dax-1 and sox6 molecular interplay results in an antagonistic effect in pre-mrna splicing. | dax-1 (dss-ahc critical region on the x chromosome-1) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that has an important role in steroidogenesis and gonadogenesis. to investigate the role of dax-1 in the testis, a yeast two-hybrid screen was performed and sox6, member of the sry box (sox) protein family, was cloned as candidate. the interaction was confirmed biochemically and expression of sox6 overlapped with that of dax-1 in the developing gonad, as well as in sertoli cells of the a ... | 2009 | 19384854 |
| effect of lianshu preparation on lipopolysaccharide-induced diarrhea in rats. | to investigate the effect of lianshu preparation on lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced diarrhea in rats. | 2009 | 19399935 |
| antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of solanum nigrum aqueous extract in animal models. | the present study was carried out to evaluate the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of the aqueous extract of solanum nigrum leaves using various animal models. the extract, at concentrations of 10, 50 and 100%, was prepared by soaking (1:20; w/v) air-dried powdered leaves (20 g) in distilled water (dh2o) for 72 h. the extract solutions were administered subcutaneously in mice/rats 30 min prior to the tests. the extract exhibited significant (p < 0.05) antinociceptive ac ... | 2009 | 19455262 |
| regenerative medicine bioprocessing: concentration and behavior of adherent cell suspensions and pastes. | regenerative medicines based on human cells demand their harvesting, culture, and processing. manufacturing processes are likely to include cell concentration and subsequent controlled dosing of concentrates, for example, to the patient or tissue construct. the integrity and functionality of the cells must be maintained during these processing stages. in this study the performance of two different cell concentration protocols (involving centrifugation and resuspension) are compared and considera ... | 2009 | 19459141 |
| preparation and pegylation of exendin-4 peptide secreted from yeast pichia pastoris. | exendin-4, a peptide analogue of glucagon-like peptide (glp-1), has been developed for treatment of type 2 diabetes. herein, the secretive exendin-4 peptide, expressed by methanol induction in pichia pastoris, was purified to near homogeneity by ni-nta agarose chromatography. 103.6 mg of protein was obtained from 1 l of the supernatant and its purity was 96.1%. subsequently, the pegylated exendin-4 was prepared. the bioactivity of exendin-4 was determined by examining the glucose-lowering and in ... | 2009 | 19462477 |
| coarse-grain simulations of the r-snare fusion protein in its membrane environment detect long-lived conformational sub-states. | coarse-grain molecular dynamics are used to look at conformational and dynamic aspects of an r-snare peptide inserted in a lipid bilayer. this approach allows carrying out microsecond-scale simulations which bring to light long-lived conformational sub-states potentially interesting in the context of the membrane fusion mechanism mediated by the snare proteins. we show that these coarse-grain models are in agreement with most experimental data on the snare system, but differ in some details that ... | 2009 | 19479895 |
| immunohistochemical detection of dysbindin at the astroglial endfeet around the capillaries of mouse brain. | dysbindin was first identified by the yeast two hybrid assay as a binding partner of dystrobrevin which is a cytoplasmic member of dystrophin glycoprotein complex. immunolocalization of dystrobrevin in the astrocyte endfeet and endothelial cells in the rat cerebellum was reported. therefore, we were interested in the expression and localization of dystrobrevin binding protein dysbindin in the mouse brain capillary wall and its surrounding astroglial endfeet. we examined whether the dysbindin exp ... | 2009 | 19495999 |
| nir raman spectroscopic investigation of single mitochondria trapped by optical tweezers. | raman spectroscopy is a vibration spectroscopic technique that has been widely used to probe biochemical changes of biological sample such as tumor tissue, blood cells, bacteria and yeast. here, we applied near-infrared raman spectroscopy to analyze the chemical composition changes of intact or swollen mitochondria induced by calcium ions. we used a confocal laser tweezers raman spectroscopy (ltrs) system that combined optical trapping and near infrared raman spectroscopy to confine a single mit ... | 2007 | 19550539 |
| nos1ap regulates dendrite patterning of hippocampal neurons through a carboxypeptidase e-mediated pathway. | during neuronal development, neurons form elaborate dendritic arbors that receive signals from axons. additional studies are needed to elucidate the factors regulating the establishment of dendritic patterns. our work explored possible roles played by nitric oxide synthase 1 adaptor protein (nos1ap; also known as c-terminal pdz ligand of neuronal nitric oxide synthase or capon) in dendritic patterning of cultured hippocampal neurons. here we report that the long isoform of nos1ap (nos1ap-l) play ... | 2009 | 19553464 |
| alpha a-crystallin and alpha b-crystallin, newly identified interaction proteins of protease-activated receptor-2, rescue astrocytes from c2-ceramide- and staurosporine-induced cell death. | protease-activated receptor-2 (par-2) is a g protein-coupled receptor activated by trypsin and other trypsin-like serine proteases. the widely expressed par-2 is involved in inflammation response but the physiological/pathological roles of par-2 in the nervous system are still uncertain. in the present study, we report novel par-2 interaction proteins, alphaa-crystallin and alphab-crystallin. these 20 kda proteins have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like alexander's disease, creut ... | 2009 | 19558454 |
| functional analyses of immediate early gene etr101 expressed in yeast. | etr101, a human homolog of rat pip92, is a cellular immediate early gene induced by extracellular stimuli such as serum growth factors. etr101 encodes a short-lived, proline-rich protein (etr101) exhibiting no significant sequence similarity to any other known protein, and little is known about its function. we investigated the functioning of etr101 as a transcriptional activator for the gene isyna1, which encodes human inositol 1-phosphate synthase. we constructed a yeast strain in which the ch ... | 2009 | 19584537 |
| reverse engineering module networks by pso-rnn hybrid modeling. | inferring a gene regulatory network (grn) from high throughput biological data is often an under-determined problem and is a challenging task due to the following reasons: (1) thousands of genes are involved in one living cell; (2) complex dynamic and nonlinear relationships exist among genes; (3) a substantial amount of noise is involved in the data, and (4) the typical small sample size is very small compared to the number of genes. we hypothesize we can enhance our understanding of gene inter ... | 2009 | 19594874 |
| role for chitin and chitooligomers in the capsular architecture of cryptococcus neoformans. | molecules composed of beta-1,4-linked n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and deacetylated glucosamine units play key roles as surface constituents of the human pathogenic fungus cryptococcus neoformans. glcnac is the monomeric unit of chitin and chitooligomers, which participate in the connection of capsular polysaccharides to the cryptococcal cell wall. in the present study, we evaluated the role of glcnac-containing structures in the assembly of the cryptococcal capsule. the in vivo expression of ch ... | 2009 | 19617395 |
| slitrk1 binds 14-3-3 and regulates neurite outgrowth in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. | rare genetic variants of slitrk1 have been previously associated with tourette syndrome (ts), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) symptoms. | 2009 | 19640509 |
| molecular and functional characterisation of the heat shock protein 10 of strongyloides ratti. | strongyloides stercoralis and s. ratti are intestinal parasitic nematodes infecting rats and humans, respectively. both present extraordinary life cycles comprising a free-living generation in addition to parasitic stages. in search of molecules possibly involved in parasite-host interaction, we performed mass spectrometry to identify excretory/secretory products of s. ratti. amongst others we detected homologs of the heat shock proteins hsp10 and hsp60 (sr-hsp10 and sr-hsp60). hsps are well kno ... | 2009 | 19643150 |
| the e3 ubiquitin ligase teb4 mediates degradation of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase. | the endoplasmic reticulum resident thyroid hormone-activating type 2 deiodinase (d2) is inactivated by ubiquitination via the hedgehog-inducible wsb-1. ubiquitinated d2 can then be subsequently taken up by the proteasomal system or be reactivated by usp-33/20-mediated deubiquitination. given that heterologously expressed d2 accumulates in saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking the e3 ligase doa10, we tested whether the human doa10 ortholog, teb4, plays a role in d2 ubiquitination and degradation. in a ... | 2009 | 19651899 |
| genotoxicity studies of ubidecarenone (coenzyme q10) manufactured by bacteria fermentation. | ubidecarenone (coenzyme q10) has been widely used as a complementary therapy in heart failure and as a dietary supplement for over two decades. ubidecarenone is manufactured by organic synthesis, yeast (non-saccharomyces cerevisiae) fermentation, or bacteria fermentation. there are many reports on the safety of ubidecarenone. however, genotoxicity of ubidecarenone manufactured by bacteria fermentation has not been reported. we carried out genotoxicity evaluation of ubidecarenone manufactured by ... | 2009 | 19652461 |
| comparison of the therapeutic effects of yeast-incorporated gallium with those of inorganic gallium on ovariectomized osteopenic rats. | the purpose of this study was to compare the effect and toxicity of yeast-incorporated gallium (yg) with inorganic gallium (gallium nitrate, ig) in preventing osteoporosis in ovariectomized (ovx) wistar female rats. after the rats were treated orally with yg and ig respectively, the urine calcium, plasma calcium, plasma phosphorus, bone mineral content, mechanical testing, and the mass of uterus, thymus, and body were examined. treatments were performed over an 8-week period. both yg and ig have ... | 2010 | 19652924 |
| optineurin and its mutants: molecules associated with some forms of glaucoma. | optineurin is a gene (optn) associated with normal-tension glaucoma and primary open-angle glaucoma. the aim of our study is to understand the functions of the protein optineurin in retinal ganglion cells, and the modifications that come about in its functions when mutations occur in its sequence. | 2009 | 19672125 |
| study of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of seeds of hyoscyamus niger and isolation of a new coumarinolignan. | a chemical and biological validation of the traditional use of hyoscyamus niger seeds as anti-inflammatory drug has been established. the methanolic extract of seeds of h. niger (mhn) was evaluated for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities in experimental animal models at different doses. mhn produced significant increase in hot plate reaction time, while decreasing writhing response in a dose-dependent manner indicating its analgesic activity. it was also effective in both ... | 2010 | 19720117 |
| the inactivation of the sortilin gene leads to a partial disruption of prosaposin trafficking to the lysosomes. | lysosomes are intracellular organelles which contain enzymes and activator proteins involved in the digestion and recycling of a variety of cellular and extracellular substances. we have identified a novel sorting receptor, sortilin, which is involved in the lysosomal trafficking of the sphingolipid activator proteins, prosaposin and gm(2)ap, and the soluble hydrolases cathepsin d, cathepsin h, and acid sphingomyelinase. sortilin belongs to a growing family of receptors with homology to the yeas ... | 2009 | 19732768 |
| uncoupling protein 1 inhibition by purine nucleotides is under the control of the endogenous ubiquinone redox state. | we studied non-esterified fatty acid-induced uncoupling of heterologously expressed rat ucp1 (uncoupling protein 1) in yeast mitochondria, as well as ucp1 in rat bat (brown adipose tissue) mitochondria. the proton-conductance curves and the relationship between the ubiquinone reduction level and membrane potential were determined in non-phosphorylating bat and yeast mitochondria. the adp/o method was applied to determine the adp phosphorylation rate and the relationship between the ubiquinone re ... | 2009 | 19747168 |
| yeast ste23p shares functional similarities with mammalian insulin-degrading enzymes. | the s. cerevisiae genome encodes two m16a enzymes: axl1p and ste23p. of the two, ste23p shares significantly higher sequence identity with m16a enzymes from other species, including mammalian insulin-degrading enzymes (ides). in this study, recombinant ste23p and r. norvegicus ide (rnide) were isolated from e. coli, and their enzymatic properties compared. ste23p was found to cleave established rnide substrates, including the amyloid-beta peptide (abeta1-40) and insulin b-chain. a novel internal ... | 2009 | 19750477 |
| characterization of pceng2, a {beta}-1,3-endoglucanase homolog in pneumocystis carinii with activity in cell wall regulation. | pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is an opportunistic fungal infection that causes severe respiratory impairment in immunocompromised patients. the viability of pneumocystis organisms is dependent on the cyst cell wall, a structural feature that is regulated by essential cell wall-associated enzymes. the formation of the glucan-rich cystic wall has been previously characterized, but glucan degradation in the organism-specifically, degradation during trophic excystment-is not yet fully understood. ... | 2010 | 19783787 |
| ranbpm regulates the progression of neuronal precursors through m-phase at the surface of the neocortical ventricular zone. | many of the mitoses that produce pyramidal neurons in neocortex occur at the dorsolateral surface of the lateral ventricles in the embryo. ranbpm was found in a yeast two-hybrid screen to potentially interact with citron kinase (citk), a protein shown previously to localize to the surface of the lateral ventricles and to be essential to neurogenic mitoses. similar to its localization in epithelia, ranbpm protein is concentrated at the adherens junctions in developing neocortex. the biochemical i ... | 2010 | 19790105 |
| inhibition of hepatic carnitine palmitoyl-transferase i (cpt ia) by valproyl-coa as a possible mechanism of valproate-induced steatosis. | carnitine palmitoyl-transferase i (cpt i) catalyses the synthesis of long-chain (lc)-acylcarnitines from lc-acyl-coa esters. it is the rate-limiting enzyme of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation (fao) pathway and its activity is regulated by malonyl-coa. the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (vpa) is a branched chain fatty acid that is activated to the respective coa ester in the intra- and extra-mitochondrial compartments. this drug has been associated with a clear inhibition of mitochondria ... | 2010 | 19854160 |
| hepatic injury on a nutritional basis in rats. | in forty-eight rats kept on a basal diet deficient in the vitamin b complex and supplemented with vitamin b(1) and riboflavin or with vitamin b(1), riboflavin and vitamin b(6), various pathological changes in the liver were observed. these changes were characterized mainly by parenchymatous and fatty degeneration, focal and massive necrosis, hyperemia and hernorrhage and, in some of the rats, by perilobular and condensation fibrosis. addition of yeast or peters' eluate (yeast extract) regularly ... | 1939 | 19870900 |
| unsaturated fatty acids in the dietary destruction of n,n-dimethylaminoazobenzene (butter yellow) and in the production of anemia in rats. | crude linoleic acid incorporated with or without butter yellow in a synthetic diet proved to be toxic for rats. the toxic effect manifested itself in loss of weight, progressive anemia of the secondary type, leucopenia, and pediculosis. it could be neutralized preventively and therapeutically by administration of yeast. the toxicity of the diet containing linoleic acid appears to be due to oxidative break-down products of the unsaturated fatty acid. the color of the same diet when it contained c ... | 1942 | 19871247 |
| quantitative proteomics by metabolic labeling of model organisms. | in the biological sciences, model organisms have been used for many decades and have enabled the gathering of a large proportion of our present day knowledge of basic biological processes and their derailments in disease. although in many of these studies using model organisms, the focus has primarily been on genetics and genomics approaches, it is important that methods become available to extend this to the relevant protein level. mass spectrometry-based proteomics is increasingly becoming the ... | 2010 | 19955089 |
| association of whirlin with cav1.3 (alpha1d) channels in photoreceptors, defining a novel member of the usher protein network. | usher syndrome is the most common form of hereditary deaf-blindness. it is both clinically and genetically heterogeneous. the ush2d protein whirlin interacts via its pdz domains with other usher-associated proteins containing a c-terminal type i pdz-binding motif. these proteins co-localize with whirlin at the region of the connecting cilium and at the synapse of photoreceptor cells. this study was undertaken to identify novel, usher syndrome-associated, interacting partners of whirlin and there ... | 2010 | 19959638 |
| effects of yeast and food intake on experimental carbon tetrachloride cirrhosis of the liver in the rat. | | 1942 | 19970649 |
| glucuronide production by whole-cell biotransformation using genetically engineered fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. | drug metabolites generated by udp glycosyltransferases (ugts) are needed for drug development and toxicity studies, especially in the context of safety testing of metabolites during drug development. because chemical metabolite synthesis can be arduous, various biological approaches have been developed; however, no whole-cell biotransformation with recombinant microbes that express human ugts was yet achieved. in this study we expressed human udp glucose-6-dehydrogenase together with several hum ... | 2010 | 20008039 |
| penetrating cation/fatty acid anion pair as a mitochondria-targeted protonophore. | a unique phenomenon of mitochondria-targeted protonophores is described. it consists in a transmembrane h(+)-conducting fatty acid cycling mediated by penetrating cations such as 10-(6'-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium (skq1) or dodecyltriphenylphosphonium (c(12)tpp). the phenomenon has been modeled by molecular dynamics and directly proved by experiments on bilayer planar phospholipid membrane, liposomes, isolated mitochondria, and yeast cells. in bilayer planar phospholipid membrane, t ... | 2010 | 20080732 |
| ceramide and activated bax act synergistically to permeabilize the mitochondrial outer membrane. | a critical step in apoptosis is mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (momp), releasing proteins critical to downstream events. while the regulation of this process by bcl-2 family proteins is known, the role of ceramide, which is known to be involved at the mitochondrial level, is not well-understood. here, we demonstrate that bax and ceramide induce momp synergistically. experiments were performed on mitochondria isolated from both rat liver and yeast (lack mammalian apoptotic machiner ... | 2010 | 20101465 |
| applying hsp104 to protein-misfolding disorders. | hsp104, a hexameric aaa+ atpase found in yeast, transduces energy from cycles of atp binding and hydrolysis to resolve disordered protein aggregates and cross-beta amyloid conformers. these disaggregation activities are often co-ordinated by the hsp70 chaperone system and confer considerable selective advantages. first, renaturation of aggregated conformers by hsp104 is critical for yeast survival after various environmental stresses. second, amyloid remodeling by hsp104 enables yeast to exploit ... | 2010 | 20130674 |
| modulation of myocardin function by the ubiquitin e3 ligase ubr5. | fully differentiated mature smooth muscle cells (smcs) are characterized by the presence of a unique repertoire of smooth muscle-specific proteins. although previous studies have shown myocardin to be a critical transcription factor for stimulating expression of smooth muscle-specific genes, the mechanisms regulating myocardin activity are still poorly understood. we used a yeast two-hybrid screen with myocardin as bait to search for factors that may regulate the transcriptional activity of the ... | 2010 | 20167605 |
| acute regulation of renal na+/h+ exchanger nhe3 by dopamine: role of protein phosphatase 2a. | nephrogenic dopamine is a potent natriuretic paracrine/autocrine hormone that is central for mammalian sodium homeostasis. in the renal proximal tubule, dopamine induces natriuresis partly via inhibition of the sodium/proton exchanger nhe3. the signal transduction pathways and mechanisms by which dopamine inhibits nhe3 are complex and incompletely understood. this manuscript describes the role of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2a (pp2a) in the regulation of nhe3 by dopamine. the pp2a r ... | 2010 | 20181665 |
| comparative effects of liver and yeast on growth and length of survival of the immature thyroid-fed rat. | | 1947 | 20272018 |
| cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcus gattii genes preferentially expressed during rat macrophage infection. | cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcus gattii are encapsulated yeast agents of cryptococcosis and facultative intracellular pathogens. the interaction of these yeasts with macrophages is essential for containing the infection. however, cryptococcus spp. overcome this initial host defense barrier using a unique pathogenic strategy involving intracellular replication and cytoplasmic accumulation of polysaccharide-containing vesicles. here, we employed representational difference analysis (rda) t ... | 2010 | 20302549 |
| protogenin defines a transition stage during embryonic neurogenesis and prevents precocious neuronal differentiation. | many ig superfamily members are expressed in the developing nervous system, but the functions of these molecules during neurogenesis are not all clear. here, we explore the expression and function of one of members of this superfamily, protogenin (prtg), in the developing nervous system. expression of prtg protein is strong in the neural tube of mouse embryos between embryonic days 7.75 and 9.5 but disappears after embryonic day 10.5 when the neural progenitor marker nestin expresses prominently ... | 2010 | 20335479 |