| exercise training increases heat shock protein in skeletal muscles of old rats. | the effects of chronic exercise training on the expression of heat shock protein (hsp) in skeletal muscle of senescent animals are unknown. therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic exercise training on skeletal muscle hsp expression in both young and old rats. | 2001 | 11323540 |
| the changes of ap-1 dna binding activity and components in hippocampus of seizure-sensitive rat induced by kainate. | seizure-sensitive fisher 344 rats were prepared 7 d after seizure episodes induced by a single subcutaneous administration of convulsive dose (7.5 mg/kg) of kainic acid. the activator protein-1 (ap-1) dna binding activity and its components in the hippocampus of such rats were examined by gel shift, super-shift and western blot assay. gel shift assay showed that the basal level of ap-1 dna binding activity was significantly higher than that of control rat hippocampus. super-shift showed that onl ... | 1998 | 11324547 |
| lipid association improves the therapeutic index of lomustine [1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea] to suppress 36b-10 tumor growth in rats. | the therapeutic efficacy and tumor accumulation of a liposome formulation of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (ccnu), an effective agent used in the treatment of malignant brain tumors, was examined in an animal tumor model. pharmacokinetic studies in normal and tumor-bearing rats indicated that a 2-fold greater plasma exposure was achieved with liposome-formulated ccnu compared with the free drug. in fisher rats bearing s.c. tumors 36b-10, tumor growth was delayed substantially when ... | 2001 | 11325837 |
| chronic blockade of angiotensin ii action prevents glomerulosclerosis, but induces graft vasculopathy in experimental kidney transplantation. | long-term renin-angiotensin system blockade is beneficial in a variety of renal diseases. this study examines the long-term (34 weeks) effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril and the angiotensin ii receptor type i blocker l158,809 in the fisher to lewis rat model of chronic renal transplant failure. treatment in allografted rats with lisinopril or l158,809 was initiated 10 days after transplantation, or at the time when proteinuria exceeded 50 mg/24 h. untreated allogra ... | 2001 | 11329151 |
| expression of molecular mediators of apoptosis and their role in the pathogenesis of lower-extremity varicose veins. | in an earlier study, we observed a significant decrease in apoptosis in varicose veins, as compared with healthy veins, indicating that deregulated apoptosis plays a role in the pathogenesis of varicosities. in addition, significant differences were noted in the expression and subcellular localization of the cell cycle regulatory protein, cyclin d1 in varix tissues, as compared with controls. because cell cycle checkpoint controls are linked to the signaling and execution of apoptotic cascades, ... | 2001 | 11331852 |
| anti-gq1b ganglioside antibodies mediate complement-dependent destruction of the motor nerve terminal. | miller-fisher syndrome is an autoimmune neuropathy characterized by ataxia, areflexia and ophthalmoplegia, and in the majority of cases the presence of high titres of anti-gq1b ganglioside antibodies. in an ex vivo model, human and mouse anti-gq1b antibodies have been shown previously to induce a complement-dependent alpha-latrotoxin-like effect on the murine motor endplate, i.e. they bring about massive quantal release of acetylcholine and eventually block neuromuscular transmission. using immu ... | 2001 | 11335692 |
| autologous blood transfusion as an immunomodulator in experimental sepsis. | homologous blood transfusion is associated with immunosuppressive consequences. some clinical and experimental studies have suggested an immunostimulating action of autologous blood transfusion. the aim of this paper is to ascertain the effects of either homologous blood transfusion or autologous blood transfusion on the lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in a model of intra-abdominal sepsis. | 2000 | 11341592 |
| identification of poor responders to erythropoietin among children undergoing hemodialysis. | to identify the factors determining a high recombinant human erythropoietin (rhuepo) dose requirement and associated side effects in children undergoing hemodialysis. | 2001 | 11343048 |
| frequent loss of heterozygosity at the hcr1 (hepatocarcinogenesis resistance) locus on chromosome 10 in primary hepatocellular carcinomas from lff1 rat strain. | hepatocarcinogenesis sensitivity (hcs1, 2) and resistance (hcr1-3) loci have been identified by linkage analysis on rat chromosomes 7 and 1, and 10, 4, and 8, respectively. cytogenetic studies documented deletions on chromosomes 3 and 6 of neoplastic rat hepatocytes. hepatocellular carcinomas (hccs) were produced in f1 hybrid rats between long-evans (le) and fisher 344 (f344) rats. scanning of the above chromosomes for loss of heterozygosity (loh) showed allelic imbalance (ai) at multiple region ... | 2001 | 11343238 |
| the stimulation of vascular smooth muscle oxidative metabolism by csf from subarachnoid haemorrhage patients increases with fisher and wfns grades. | the purpose of this paper is to present an in vitro method for examining cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage (sah) which correlates to the patients' condition. the o2 consumption of the porcine carotid artery was monitored, using an oxygen electrode, after exposure to cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from patients who had a sah. the vessels were exposed to csf from sah patients at a 1 in 30 dilution. force measurements were carried out using freeze-dried csf, reconstituted in the organ ba ... | 2001 | 11345720 |
| variation of codons 1961 and 2177 of the stargardt disease gene is not associated with age-related macular degeneration. | to investigate the role of 2 specific alleles of the stargardt disease gene (abca4) in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (amd). secondary objectives were to investigate differences in frequency of the g1961e allele in selected ethnic groups as well as to examine the segregation of both g1961e and d2177n alleles in 5 multiplex families with amd. | 2001 | 11346402 |
| anergy during pregnancy. | this study was undertaken to determine whether the prevalence of anergy is higher among pregnant women than among nonpregnant women. | 2001 | 11349166 |
| differing mechanisms of inhibition of calcium increases in human uterine myocytes by indomethacin and nimesulide. | indomethacin, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase types 1 and 2, and nimesulide, a cyclooxygenase 2 selective inhibitor, are both well-known inhibitors of prostaglandin production. it has been assumed that the tocolytic mechanism of nimesulide and indomethacin is only through decreased prostaglandin production. the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that either nimesulide or indomethacin, or both, has a mechanism of action on human myocytes other than inhibition of prostaglandin product ... | 2001 | 11349169 |
| long man-made fibers and lung cancer risk. | we show that available experimental data from long-term oncogenicity experiments in fisher rats are consistent with the hypothesis that the oncogenic potential of long man-made mineral fibers is determined mainly by their biopersistence. we present analyses of these data within the initiation-promotion-progression paradigm of carcinogenesis. our method of analysis can take the temporal pattern of the burden of long fibers in the lungs of individual animals into explicit account. for this analysi ... | 2001 | 11350196 |
| serca function declines with age in adrenergic nerves from the superior cervical ganglion. | 1. intracellular calcium is a universal second messenger integrating numerous cellular pathways. an age-related breakdown in the mechanisms controlling [ca2+]i homeostasis could contribute to neuronal degeneration. one component of neuronal calcium regulation believed to decline with age is the function of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium atpase (serca) pumps. 2. therefore we investigated the impact of age on the capacity of serca pumps to control high (68 mm) [k+]-evoked [ca2+]i-transients i ... | 2000 | 11350493 |
| a probabilistic model for silver bioaccumulation in aquatic systems and assessment of human health risks. | silver (ag) is discharged in wastewater effluents and is also a component in a proposed secondary water disinfectant. a steady-state model was developed to simulate bioaccumulation in aquatic biota and assess ecological and human health risks. trophic levels included phytoplankton, invertebrates, brown trout, and common carp. uptake routes included water, food, or sediment. based on an extensive review of the literature, distributions were derived for most inputs for use in monte carlo simulatio ... | 2001 | 11351445 |
| respiratory tract responses to repeated inhalation of an oxidant and acid gas-particle air pollutant mixture. | the purpose of this study was to examine a broad range of toxicologic responses in rats exposed to a multi-component pollutant atmosphere. cumulative and adaptive respiratory tract responses to 3 concentrations of an inhaled particle-oxidant mixture were examined in fisher 344 n rats exposed 4 h/day, 3 days/week for 4 weeks. the mixtures contained o3, no2, nh4hso4, carbon particles, and hno3 vapor. irritant-induced, rapid-shallow breathing responses were present during the first 4-h exposure to ... | 2001 | 11353142 |
| [the presence of anti-chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies in peripheral vascular and neurological disorders]. | to make a retrospective analysis of the synthesis of antibodies to the momps and lps antigens of chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with occlusive disease of the peripheral arteries (odpa) and multiple sclerosis (ms). | 2001 | 11353985 |
| diagnosis of perinatally acquired hiv-1 infection using an iga elisa test. | the clinical utility of the detection of anti-hiv-1 iga antibodies using a modified commercial elisa (eia) test for the early diagnosis of perinatally acquired hiv-1 infection was evaluated. one hundred and seventeen sera were obtained from 86 infants born to hiv-1-infected mothers and tested for hiv iga antibodies by an elisa test (third generation) after removal of igg with recombinant protein g. infants were classified according to the center for disease control and prevention's (cdc) classif ... | 1996 | 11361583 |
| cancer-protective properties of high-selenium broccoli. | selenium (se) from high-se garlic reduces the incidence of chemically induced mammary tumors, and se from high-se broccoli reduces colon cancer. however, the ability of se from high-se broccoli to protect against mammary cancer has not been tested. also, the sprout form of broccoli contains many secondary plant compounds that are known to reduce cancer risk, but the anticarcinogenic activity of broccoli sprouts has not been investigated. the present studies examined the ability of high-se brocco ... | 2001 | 11368655 |
| a new artificial nerve graft containing rolled schwann cell monolayers. | this study hypothesized that introducing high numbers of schwann cells in monolayers via a novel rolled graft architecture would promote robust nerve regeneration. the objective was to place adherent schwann cells in artificial nerve grafts and to assess regeneration through the schwann cell-laden grafts compared with that through acellular grafts and autografts. schwann cells were isolated from neonatal fisher rats. small intestinal submucosa (sis) was harvested from adult fisher rats, cut into ... | 2001 | 11372069 |
| [type i and iv collagenases and their endogenous regulators in immortalized and transformed fibroblasts]. | to elucidate the role of matrix metalloproteinases (mmp) in carcinogenesis, the expression of collagenases of types i (mmp-i) and iv (mmp-2 and mmp-9) as well as the behaviour of urokinase-like plasminogen activator (upa) and of tissue mmp inhibitors (timp) in immortalized (if) and transformed (tf) fibroblasts were investigated. the study was carried out using embryo rat fibroblasts, sequentially immortalized with the lt gene of human papilloma virus and transformed with the e7 gene of human pap ... | 2001 | 11386000 |
| non-involvement of the k-ras mutation in colon carcinogenesis promoted by dietary deoxycholate in azoxymethane-treated rats. | fisher-344 rats, whose ileum or jejunum had been surgically removed to change the influx of bile acids into the colon, were intraperitoneally administered with azoxymethane and fed on a diet containing deoxycholate for 39 weeks to induce colon cancer. fecal bile acids in the ileum-resected group were 1.5-times and serum bile acids were about half of those in the jejunum-resected group. as a result, the incidence and number of tumors were higher in the ileum-resected group. in the total of 59 col ... | 2001 | 11388463 |
| effects of the xenoestrogen bisphenol a on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) in the rat. | bisphenol-a (bpa) is used to produce polymers for production of polycarbonate and epoxy resins that are used in food containers and dental appliances. bpa binds to estrogen receptors and induces estrogenic activity in a number of biological systems. we recently reported that although fisher 344 (f344) and sprague-dawley (s-d) rat strains exhibit different sensitivities to bpa at the level of vaginal epithelial cell proliferation, there was no difference in immediate early proto-oncogene expressi ... | 2001 | 11393178 |
| flow cytometric analysis of european flat oyster, ostrea edulis, haemocytes using a monoclonal antibody specific for granulocytes. | the importance of haemocytes in mollusc defence mechanisms can be inferred from their functions. they participate in pathogen elimination by phagocytosis (cheng, 1981; fisher, 1986). hydrolytic enzymes and cytotoxic molecules produced by haemocytes contribute to the destruction of pathogenic organisms (cheng, 1983; leippe & renwrantz, 1988; charlet et al., 1996; hubert et al., 1996; roch et al., 1996). haemocytes may also be involved in immunity modulation by the production of cytokines and neur ... | 2001 | 11394693 |
| increasing drug concentration in a rat lung tumor model by combining isolated lung perfusion with hypertensive chemotherapy. | isolated left lung perfusion (ilp) with cisplatin was performed in fisher 344 rats. before perfusion, bolus injection with endothelin was given via the pulmonary artery. the vasoconstrictive potency was estimated by monitoring the perfusion pressure. the toxicity was estimated by tracking body weight change, survival rate after right pneumonectomy, arterial blood gas analysis and histological findings. to observe the pharmacokinetic changes, a solitary methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma model wa ... | 2001 | 11396167 |
| effects of pinealectomy on baseline sleep and response to sleep deprivation. | we have previously reported that older (24 mo.) fischer rats manifest a diminished post-sleep deprivation increase in nrem and rem sleep. in order to examine whether this decline reflects an age-related change in pineal function, we are now reporting on baseline and recovery sleep parameters in pinealectomized 3-, 12-, and 24-month old rats following 24 hours of sleep deprivation using the disk-over-water method. | 2001 | 11403520 |
| interaction of nacl and behavioral stress on endogenous sodium pump ligands in rats. | our study investigated the hypothesis that the combination of a high nacl diet and social isolation stress would increase systolic blood pressure (sbp) and endogenous sodium pump ligands (spl), ouabainlike compound (olc), and marinobufagenin (mbg). excretion of mbg and olc, sbp, and organ weights were studied in four groups (n = 8) of male fisher 344 x norwegian brown rats: controls, socially isolated (iso), 4% nacl diet (salt), and the combination of salt and iso (iso+salt). in salt, mbg excret ... | 2001 | 11404312 |
| round window membrane delivery of l-methionine provides protection from cisplatin ototoxicity without compromising chemotherapeutic efficacy. | cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(ii) (cddp)) is a widely used, highly effective, oncolytic agent that has serious ototoxic side-effects. to test the effectiveness of local delivery, of l-methionine (l-met) as an otoprotective agent against cddp ototoxicity, we used a rat model of a highly metastatic breast cancer tumor, i.e. fisher 344 rats implanted with mtln3 breast cancer cells. four experimental groups were evaluated--i: untreated; ii: cddp-treated (three dosages); iii: systemically-d ... | 2001 | 11405249 |
| retention of cast posts cemented with zinc phosphate cement using different cementing techniques. | this study compares the effect of different cementation techniques on the retention of cast posts and cores. | 2001 | 11406794 |
| transforming growth factor beta production by spontaneous malignant mesothelioma cell lines derived from fisher 344 rats. | we investigated whether transforming growth factor beta (tgf-beta) is involved in the growth of malignant mesothelioma (mm) cells in culture. tgf-beta production was examined in two mesothelioma cell lines (meet-4 and -6) that were established from rat spontaneous mm in our laboratory. tgf-beta bioactivity in conditioned medium of these cell lines was analyzed using a ccl64 mink lung epithelial cell growth inhibition assay and found to be 30-70 times higher than that of normal rat mesothelial ce ... | 2001 | 11407478 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerotic carotid artery plaques: high prevalence among heavy smokers. | this study was designed to determine the prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae in carotid artery plaques. although there have been numerous studies evaluating coronary plaques for this bacterium fewer studies have assessed noncoronary vasculature. in addition we wished to evaluate whether correlation exists between the presence of c. pneumoniae in carotid plaques and established risk factors for atherosclerosis. sixty intact carotid artery plaques removed during surgery (carotid endarterectomy) wer ... | 2001 | 11409810 |
| in utero complementation of a neural crest-derived melanocyte defect using cell directed gene transfer. | this study describes an in utero approach for overexpressing genes in a cell-type directed manner. it uses an avian leukosis retroviral expression system coupled with a transgenic mouse line expressing the viral receptor tv-a from a tissue-specific promoter (rcas-tva system) (federspiel et al., 1994, and reviewed in fisher et al., 1999). a transgenic mouse line was generated expressing tv-a from the dopachrome tautomerase promoter (dct-tv-a) in embryonic melanocyte precursors (melanoblasts). rca ... | 2001 | 11416866 |
| pathological disorders of the gastric mucosa surrounding carcinomas and primary lymphomas. | gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, atrophy, and dysplasia are disorders that frequently precede the full development of gastric adenocarcinoma. on the other hand, primary gastric lymphomas seem to arise from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. it is well accepted that these histological changes are caused by helicobacter pylori infection. the objective of this study is to determine the frequency and characteristics of epithelial and lymphoid tissue disorders of the gastric mucosa surrounding prima ... | 2001 | 11419824 |
| ionizing radiation modulates vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) expression through multiple mitogen activated protein kinase dependent pathways. | we investigated the role of radiation-induced mitogen activated protein kinase (mapk) pathway activity in the regulation of proliferation, cell survival and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) production in primary astrocytes and in t9 and rt2 glioblastoma cells derived from fisher 344 rats. in these cells, ionizing radiation (2 gy) caused activation of the mapk pathway which was blocked by specific inhibitor drugs. blunting of radiation-induced mapk activity weakly enhanced radiation-indu ... | 2001 | 11423976 |
| radiation-induced hypoxia may perpetuate late normal tissue injury. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether or not hypoxia develops in rat lung tissue after radiation. | 2001 | 11429211 |
| [atypical fisher syndrome with optic nerve involvement]. | we report a 38-year-old woman who developed what appeared to be fisher syndrome associated with optic nerve involvement. one week after a common cold, she developed double vision and left facial palsy. four days after the onset, she developed bilateral blurred vision, painful total ophthalmoplegia, and ataxic gait. brain ct and mri findings were normal. her vision worsened but the optic fundi were normal. serum anti-gq 1 b antibody was elevated. she received steroid therapy at another hospital, ... | 2001 | 11436343 |
| [anti-gq1b antibodies: usefulness of its detection for the diagnosis of miller-fisher syndrome]. | to study the presence of anti-gq1b antibodies as a tool for the diagnosis of miller-fisher syndrome (mfs). | 2001 | 11440679 |
| miller fisher syndrome in an elderly man. | | 2001 | 11443034 |
| organ heavy-metal accumulation during parenteral nutrition is associated with pathologic abnormalities in rats. | metabolic bone disease, hepatic abnormalities, splenic insufficiency, and nephropathy have been associated with long-term total parenteral nutrition (tpn). we determined the heavy-metal contamination in tpn solutions and investigated whether it was associated with organ deposition and pathologic organ damage. | 2001 | 11448580 |
| aging effects on contractility of longitudinal and circular detrusor and trigone of rat bladder. | aging is associated with bladder dysfunction, including difficult voiding and urinary leakage. voiding involves reduction in the bladder lumen in all dimensions brought about by contraction of the meshwork of longitudinal, circular and oblique layers of detrusor smooth muscles. most in vitro physiological studies of the effects of aging on bladder function used the longitudinal detrusor. to understand the region specific effects of aging on bladder function the contractile responses of longitudi ... | 2001 | 11458124 |
| frequency of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum infections in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. | ureaplasma urealyticum (uu) and mycoplasma hominis (mh) have been detected in the urine of women with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). we evaluated the presence of these mycoplasma in the endocervix of women presenting sle. a total of 40 sle patients (mean age 40.2 years), and 51 healthy women (mean age 30.9 years), were studied. endocervical swabs were cultured in specific liquid media for mh or uu, detected by a quantitative color assay, and considered positive at >10(3) dilutions. statisti ... | 2001 | 11460209 |
| human retrovirus type 5 sequences in non-hodgkin's lymphoma of t cell origin. | dna of a recently described fifth exogenous retrovirus (hrv-5) has been found in blood samples from patients with autoimmune diseases and lymphoma. we analyzed hrv-5 sequence in dna extracted from whole blood of 17 patients with t cell non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) and 186 patients with hematological malignancies other than nhl, using a sensitive pcr technique. while all samples of patients with hematological malignancies other than nhl were negative, 2 of the 17 patients with t cell nhl were hrv ... | 2001 | 11461680 |
| recipient age and weight affect chronic renal allograft rejection in rats. | nephron doses and immune responses change with age. therefore, age is a potential risk factor for graft survival after kidney transplantation. the aim of this study was to determine whether age-related differences are of importance for long-term outcomes after renal transplantation. kidneys from fisher 344 rats were orthotopically transplanted into nephrectomized lewis rats. kidneys were transplanted using donors and recipients of three age levels, i.e., young (8 wk of age), adult (16 wk of age) ... | 2001 | 11461948 |
| impact of pneumoperitoneum on visceral metastasis rate and survival. results in two ovarian cancer models in rats. | to compare the impact of co2 laparoscopy, gasless laparoscopy, and midline laparotomy on the development of distant metastases and on survival in two ovarian carcinoma models. | 2001 | 11467700 |
| randomized controlled clinical trial of lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha for chronic hepatitis c. | objective: most of chronic hepatitis c patients with hcv-genotype 1 and a high virus load fail to eradicate the hcv-rna by the interferon (ifn) or ifn/ribavirin therapy. but in these patients, ifn is often effective with regard to normalization of alanine aminotransferase (alt). we had therefore the following two randomized controlled clinical trials to evaluate the effect of ifn which reduce alt and maintain normalization of alt. one approach (study 1) was to compare the efficacy of a 6 month c ... | 2001 | 11470628 |
| treatment of chronic renal allograft rejection in rats with a low-molecular-weight heparin (reviparin). | low-molecular-weight heparin (lmwh) has been shown to prolong survival of rat cardiac allografts independently from immunosuppressive treatment. furthermore, long-term treatment reduces the development of chronic graft vascular disease after experimental heart transplantation. the aim of the present study was to determine whether treatment with the lmwh reviparin has a beneficial effect on chronic rejection in a rat renal allograft model. | 2001 | 11477340 |
| familial and community environmental risk factors for helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents. | the aim of the study was to identify familial and community environmental risk factors associated with helicobacter pylori infection in a pediatric population. | 2001 | 11479409 |
| three patients with ophthalmoplegia associated with campylobacter jejuni. | cranial polyneuropathy is idiopathic in most patients. idiopathic cranial polyneuropathy is an acute postinfectious syndrome, along with guillain-barré syndrome and miller fisher syndrome, in which the common preceding pathogen is campylobacter jejuni. serum anti-gq1b antibodies are elevated in miller fisher syndrome and guillain-barré syndrome with ophthalmoplegia. three patients with idiopathic cranial polyneuropathy with predominant ocular involvement are presented. c. jejuni isolated from st ... | 2001 | 11483401 |
| preferential labeling of glial and meningial brain tumors with [2-(14)c]acetate. | acetate is preferentially transported into and metabolized by astrocytes, rather than synaptosomes or neurons, and labeled acetate is used as a glial reporter molecule to assess glial metabolism and glial-neuronal interactions. because monocarboxylic acid transporter specificity might confer a phenotype to help localize, detect, and characterize brain tumors of glial origin, use of [2-(14)c]acetate and [(14)c]deoxyglucose (a glucose analog metabolized by all brain cells) was compared in rat and ... | 2001 | 11483687 |
| role of ovarian hormones in the pathogenesis of impaired detrusor contractility: evidence in ovariectomized rodents. | although detrusor hyperactivity with impaired contractility is a common urodynamic finding in elderly subjects, to our knowledge its pathogenesis remains unknown. biopsy studies indicate that subjects with detrusor hyperactivity and impaired contractility have ultrastructural evidence of dysjunction and degeneration patterns in isolated detrusor hyperactivity and impaired contractility, respectively. based on the known cellular effects of estrogen we postulated that declines in ovarian hormone p ... | 2001 | 11490312 |
| accelerated internalization and detoxification of endotoxin by anti-lipopolysaccharide antibody is an fc receptor--mediated process. | interaction between lipopolysaccharide (lps), lps-binding protein, and the cd14 receptor at the surface of lps-responsive cells results in inflammatory cytokine release and internalization and detoxification of lps. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against the deep-core lipid a or the o-linked polysaccharide moieties of lps accelerate internalization and detoxification of lps without stimulating cytokine release. this study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the antibody-mediated inter ... | 2001 | 11490348 |
| correlation of postoperative survival and angiogenic growth factors in pancreatic carcinoma. | vegf (vascular endothelial growth factor) and egf (epidermal growth factor) are promoters of angiogenesis. it was the aim of this study to investigate a possible coexpression of both growth factors in tumor samples of pancreatic cancer patients in relation to survival after resection of the tumor. | 2001 | 11490824 |
| effect of pneumoperitoneum on circulating tumor dna. | release and circulation of tumor dna could be favored by surgery. no data is available for the effect of laparoscopy on this phenomenon. | 2001 | 11497293 |
| the association between extreme precipitation and waterborne disease outbreaks in the united states, 1948-1994. | rainfall and runoff have been implicated in site-specific waterborne disease outbreaks. because upward trends in heavy precipitation in the united states are projected to increase with climate change, this study sought to quantify the relationship between precipitation and disease outbreaks. | 2001 | 11499103 |
| impact of baseline polymorphisms in rt and protease on outcome of highly active antiretroviral therapy in hiv-1-infected african patients. | to assess the therapeutic response and investigate the significance of polymorphic codons in african patients receiving highly-active antiretroviral therapy (haart). | 2001 | 11504981 |
| short-term neuropathological aspects of in vivo suicide gene transfer to the f98 rat glioblastoma using liposomal and viral vectors. | to date, only few preclinical protocols on liposomal suicide gene transfer in tumors have been published, none of which directly compared viral to liposomal vectors in terms of immunoreactivity and efficacy. we thus studied the neuropathological alterations in 80 rats being treated for glioblastoma using liposomal and, for comparison, adenoviral and retroviral suicide gene transfer approaches to identify vector-associated efficacy and toxicity for further clinical studies. 62 rats served as cont ... | 2001 | 11510963 |
| combined treatment with mycophenolate mofetil and an angiotensin ii receptor antagonist fully protects from chronic rejection in a rat model of renal allograft. | antigen-dependent and antigen-independent factors have been implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic allograft rejection, but their relative role is not well established. in the fisher 344-->lewis rat kidney transplant model, we sought (1) to compare the relative efficacy of the novel immunosuppressant, mycophenolate mofetil (mmf), with that of the at1 receptor blocker, losartan, in preventing the development of chronic graft rejection when given for 52 wk; (2) to examine whether combining m ... | 2001 | 11518788 |
| stimulation of the subthalamic vasodilator area and fastigial nucleus independently protects the brain against focal ischemia. | we investigated whether stimulation of the functionally discrete subthalamic region, subthalamic cerebrovasodilator area (sva), which increases cerebral blood flow (cbf) when excited, would, like stimulation of cerebellar fastigial nucleus (fn), produce central neurogenic neuroprotection. a 1-h electrical stimulation of sva or fn reduced infarctions triggered by permanent occlusion of middle cerebral artery (mca) by 48-55% in sprague-dawley rats and by 59% in fisher rats. the salvaging effect of ... | 2001 | 11520492 |
| lipopolysaccharides in the development of the guillain-barré syndrome and miller fisher syndrome forms of acute inflammatory peripheral neuropathies. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), an acute inflammatory polyneuropathy, is preceded in most cases by an infectious illness, and campylobacter jejuni, a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, is the most common antecedent to gbs and its ocular variant, miller fisher syndrome (mfs). o (penner) serotyping is considered to distinguish between c. jejuni strains based on differences in lipopolysaccharide (lps) structure. serotypes of c. jejuni uncommon in enteritis, such as serotype o:19 and o:41, have ... | 2000 | 11521055 |
| miller fisher syndrome and haemophilus influenzae infection. | to examine the association between miller fisher syndrome (mfs) and antecedent haemophilus influenzae infection. | 2001 | 11524480 |
| sequence typing confirms that campylobacter jejuni strains associated with guillain-barré and miller-fisher syndromes are of diverse genetic lineage, serotype, and flagella type. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and miller-fisher syndrome (mfs) are correlated with prior infection by campylobacter jejuni in up to 40% of cases. nucleotide sequence-based typing of 25 c. jejuni isolates associated with neuropathy permitted robust comparisons with equivalent data from approximately 800 c. jejuni isolates not associated with neuropathy. a total of 13 genetic lineages and 20 flaa short variable region nucleotide sequences were present among the 25 isolates. a minority of isolates ... | 2001 | 11526174 |
| chromosomal linkage associated with disease severity in the hydrocephalic h-tx rat. | infantile hydrocephalus results in neurological deficits despite surgical treatment. fetal-onset hydrocephalus in humans can be caused by developmental abnormalities that are genetic in origin. the h-tx rat has hydrocephalus with 40% penetrance and a polygenic inheritance. a backcross with fisher f344 inbred strain produced a total of 1500 progeny with 17.5% hydrocephalus. of these, only 12.3% had overt disease and the remaining 5.2% had mild disease seen only after fixation of the brain. diseas ... | 2001 | 11529267 |
| design of an instrument for real-time detection of bioaerosols using simultaneous measurement of particle aerodynamic size and intrinsic fluorescence. | a prototype instrument has been constructed to measure individual airborne particles based on their aerodynamic size and their intrinsic fluorescence at selected excitation and emission wavelength bands. the instrument combines features of an aerodynamic particle sizing device with capabilities similar to those of a liquid flow cytometer. the goal of the instrument is to provide real-time data indicative of particle characteristics, and it is especially targeted to respond to bioaerosols from ... | 1997 | 11540539 |
| anatomical observations of the rat cerebellar nodulus after 24 hr of spaceflight. | exposure to microgravity causes alterations in postural, locomotor and oculomotor functions. the vestibular abnormalities experienced by astronauts entail immediate reflex motor responses, including postural illusions, sensations of rotation, nystagmus, dizziness and vertigo, as well as space motion sickness. adaptation to the microgravity environment usually occurs within one week, and a subsequent re-adaptation period of several months is often required upon return to earth. some astronauts ex ... | 1999 | 11543023 |
| deposition and renal handling of urinary electrolytes from rats during spaceflight. | to study renal handling of urinary electrolytes from male fisher 344 rats during spaceflight, waste pads were obtained from cages flown in space and from cages used for ground controls. pads were obtained from cages in which animals were group-housed (n=6 animals/cage) (animal enclosure module; aem) for 12 days or individually housed (2 animals/divided cage) (research animal holding facility; rahf) for 19 days. pads were washed, and extracts analyzed for sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, and ... | 1999 | 11543083 |
| selenium (se) from high-selenium broccoli is utilized differently than selenite, selenate and selenomethionine, but is more effective in inhibiting colon carcinogenesis. | the reduction in incidence of chemically-induced colon cancer by foods high in selenium (se) was investigated in fisher-344 rats. the foods used were high-se broccoli (produced in a greenhouse by addition of selenate to the media surrounding the plant roots) and a processed high-se wheat product (made by milling high-se wheat purchased from a seleniferous area). weanling rats were fed diets containing different amounts of se from these foods or from selenium salts (selenite and selenate). early ... | 2001 | 11568456 |
| [guillain-barré syndrome associated campylobacter jejuni serotype penner 2: a case report]. | we described a 15-year-old male who had guillain-barré syndrome(gbs). nine days after watery diarrhea, the patient developed pain and weakness of foot muscles. on admission, the nerve conduction studies revealed peripheral neuropathy with axonal degeneration and demyelination. campylobacter jejuni(c. jejuni) with serotype of lior 4, penner 2 was isolated from his stool culture. igm anti-gm 1 antibody and other various anti-ganglioside antibodies were detected in his serum. after receiving plasma ... | 2001 | 11577419 |
| fluvastatin in combination with rad significantly reduces graft vascular disease in rat cardiac allografts. | rad is a potent immunosuppressive agent that has been shown to be effective in preventing acute and chronic allograft rejection in animal models. the hmgcoa reductase inhibitors have been found to reduce the incidence of graft vascular disease (gvd) in heart transplant patients and in animal models. this study was designed to investigate the effects of fluvastatin or pravastatin in a rodent model of gvd produced using low doses of rad to prevent acute rejection. | 2001 | 11579289 |
| age-related decline of presumptive inhibitory synapses in the sensorimotor cortex as revealed by the physical disector. | the synapse, as the site of functional neural interaction, has been suggested as a possible substrate for age-related impairment of cognitive ability. using the physical disector probe with tissue prepared for ultrastructural analysis, we find an age-related decline in the numerical density of presumptive inhibitory synapses in layer 2 of the sensorimotor cortex of the brown norway x fisher 344 rat. this age-related decline in presumptive inhibitory synapses is maintained when the density of syn ... | 2001 | 11579382 |
| phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibits megalin-mediated transcytosis of thyroglobulin across thyroid epithelial cells at a post-sorting level. | phosphoinositide 3-kinase (pi3-k) is implicated in various cellular processes involving signaling, including intracellular trafficking. pi3-k has been shown to play a part in both receptor- and non-receptor-mediated transcytosis across cultured kidney cells and undifferentiated thyroid cells. | 2001 | 11581008 |
| exercise training eliminates age-related differences in skeletal muscle insulin receptor and irs-1 abundance in rats. | insulin resistance is common in old age, and exercise training can improve insulin sensitivity. the purpose of this study was to determine the influence of age (6 vs 26 months) and exercise training (10 weeks of treadmill running) on insulin signaling protein abundance in skeletal muscle from male fisher 344 rats. muscle levels of insulin receptor (ir), insulin receptor substrate-1 (irs-1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k), and akt1, a serine-threonine kinase, were determined. irs-1 was redu ... | 2001 | 11584030 |
| enhanced glial activation and expression of specific cns inflammation-related molecules in aged versus young rats following cortical stab injury. | aging is associated with increased glial responsiveness that may enhance the brain's susceptibility to injury and disease. to determine whether unique age-related molecular responses occur in brain injury, we assessed mrna levels of representative central nervous system (cns) inflammation-related molecules in young (3 months) and aged (36 months) fisher 344/brown norwegian f1 hybrid rats following cortical stab. enhanced glial activation in older animals was accompanied by increased expression o ... | 2001 | 11585630 |
| salt intake and intestinal dopaminergic activity in adult and old fischer 344 rats. | we have earlier shown that the renal dopaminergic system failed to respond to high salt (hs) intake in old (24-month-old) fisher 344 rats (hypertension 1999;34:666-672). in the present study, intestinal na+,k+-atpase activity and intestinal dopaminergic tonus were evaluated in adult and old fischer 344 rats during normal salt (ns) and hs intake. basal intestinal na+,k+-atpase activity (nmol pi/mg protein/min) in adult rats (142+/-6) was higher than in old fischer 344 rats (105+/-7). hs intake re ... | 2001 | 11589511 |
| mr-derived cerebral blood volume maps: issues regarding histological validation and assessment of tumor angiogenesis. | in an effort to develop mri methods for the evaluation of tumor angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation), mri-derived cerebral blood volume (cbv) information has been compared to histologic measures of microvessel density (mvd). although mvd is a standard marker of angiogenesis, it is not a direct correlate of the volume measurements made with mri, and therefore inappropriate for the development and validation of the mr techniques. therefore, the goal of this study was to develop an approach by ... | 2001 | 11590650 |
| gastric electrical activity and gastric emptying in preterm newborns fed standard and hydrolysate formulas. | because infant formulas containing hydrolyzed cow milk protein are used to reduce feeding intolerance and to improve gastric emptying, the effect on gastrointestinal motility of a hydrolysate formula was compared with that of a standard preterm formula. | 2001 | 11593124 |
| purification and characterization of benzoate-para-hydroxylase, a cytochrome p450 (cyp53a1), from aspergillus niger. | benzoate-para-hydroxylase (cyp51a or bph) and nadph:cytochrome p450 reductase from the filamentous fungus aspergillus niger were purified to apparent homogeneity, using an overproducing a. niger strain. this is the first membrane-bound fungal cytochrome p450 to be isolated and characterized. combining bph with nadph:cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase in the presence of the phospholipid dilauryl phosphatidylcholine restored the bph activity, although to only a minor extent. spectral analysis of bph s ... | 2001 | 11594739 |
| strain differences in the behavioural outcome of neonatal ventral hippocampal lesions are determined by the postnatal environment and not genetic factors. | it has been demonstrated that not only do rats neonatally lesioned in the ventral hippocampus (vh) develop behavioural hypersensitivity to amphetamine postpubertally, but also that the expression of the sensitivity is strain specific. for example, excitotoxic vh lesions at postnatal day (pd) 7 lead to significant increases in amphetamine-induced locomotion in postpubertal fischer rats, but not in lewis rats. however, as it is likely that the effect of strain differences are due to a combination ... | 2001 | 11595041 |
| do vascular compartments differ in the development of chronic rejection? at(1) blocker candesartan versus ace blocker enalapril in an experimental heart transplant model. | accelerated coronary artery disease (acad), a serious consequence after heart transplantation, is characterized by diffuse, concentric myointimal proliferation in the arteries. increasing evidence supports the existence of a local renin-angiotensin system and the role of angiotensin-ii in smooth muscle cell proliferation. we investigated the effect of angiotensin-ii blocker candesartan and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor enalapril on experimental acad in a rat model. | 2001 | 11595564 |
| antioxidant effect of taurine against lead-induced oxidative stress. | oxidative stress is proposed as a molecular mechanism in lead toxicity, which suggests that antioxidants might play a role in the treatment of lead poisoning. the present study was designed to investigate whether taurine has a beneficial effect both on chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells and on fisher 344 (f344) rats following lead exposure. therefore, oxidative stress parameters (glutathione, malondialdehyde levels, catalase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [g6pd] activities) of lead-expose ... | 2001 | 11598776 |
| activation of g551d cftr channel with mpb-91: regulation by atpase activity and phosphorylation. | we have designed and synthesized benzo[c]quinolizinium derivatives and evaluated their effects on the activity of g551d cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) expressed in chinese hamster ovary and fisher rat thyroid cells. we demonstrated, using iodide efflux, whole cell patch clamp, and short-circuit recordings, that 5-butyl-6-hydroxy-10-chlorobenzo[c]quinolizinium chloride (mpb-91) restored the activity of g551d cftr (ec(50) = 85 microm) and activated cftr in calu-3 cells ... | 2001 | 11600430 |
| anti-tumoral action of octreotide and bromocriptine on the experimental rat prolactinoma: anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects. | the purpose of the study was to compare the effects of bromocriptine (bc) - d-2 receptor agonist and octreotide (oct) - somatostatin analog on the tumor weight, prolactin (prl) secretion, cell proliferation and apoptosis in the diethylstilboestrol (des)-induced rat prolactinoma. | 2001 | 11600876 |
| masculinity, work and the fountain of youth: irving fisher and the life extension institute, 1914-31. | in 1914, progressive era reformer irving fisher and the wealthy contractor harold ley founded the life extension institute (lei), a business venture organized to address the problems of american health. for approximately two decades, from 1914 until the death of its medical director in 1931, the life extension institute widely promoted its health maintenance program of annual physical examinations and health literature. the advertised goal of the lei was to extend life without old age, as well a ... | 1999 | 11624338 |
| ethical problems in research on risky behaviors and risky populations. | the articles by brooks-gunn, fisher, hoagwood, liss and scott-jones (all in this issue) present a panoply of real-world ethical issues in conducting scientific research on risky behaviors of children, adolescents, and their parents, particularly those from vulnerable populations. the universal, ethical principles of beneficence, justice, and respect for others are always applicable, but they do not resolve issues of child assent, parental consent, legal reporting requirements for illegal behavio ... | 1994 | 11654928 |
| use of thyroid transcription factor 1, pe-10, and cytokeratins 7 and 20 in discriminating between primary lung carcinomas and metastatic lesions in fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens. | the distinction of a primary lung carcinoma from a metastatic lesion is important, because the treatment and prognosis differ for patients with these malignancies. such a distinction can be difficult because of overlapping cytologic features. it has been shown that antibodies to thyroid transcription factor 1 (ttf-1) and pe-10 are fairly specific markers for primary lung tumors in histologic specimens. ttf-1 regulates the expression of surfactant protein production, and pe-10 is a monoclonal ant ... | 2001 | 11668468 |
| a single nucleotide polymorphism in the 3'untranslated region of the cdkn2a gene is common in sporadic primary melanomas but mutations in the cdkn2b, cdkn2c, cdk4 and p53 genes are rare. | in this report we present the results of mutational analysis of the cdkn2b, cdkn2c, cdk4, p53 genes and 5'utr of the cdkn2a gene in a set of 44 sporadic primary melanomas, which had been earlier analysed for mutations in the cdkn2a (p16/p14(arf)) gene. no tumour-associated mutations were detected except in 1 melanoma where we found a cc>t* deletion-mutation in the codon 151-152 (exon 5) of the p53 gene. on the basis of our preliminary results, we did extended genotyping of the 500 c>g and 540 c> ... | 2001 | 11668523 |
| effects of post-natal serotonin levels on craniofacial complex. | although the role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-ht) in pre-natal craniofacial growth and development has been studied, no research has been done on the effects of serotonin on post-natal craniofacial growth and development. the following experimental question was tested: what effect does increasing in vivo serotonin levels adjacent to trigeminal motoneurons have on post-natal craniofacial structures in young, actively growing rats? forty male sprague-dawley rats were divided into 4 expe ... | 2001 | 11669484 |
| neonatal low- and high-dose exposure to estradiol benzoate in the male rat: i. effects on the prostate gland. | brief exposure of rats to high doses of natural estrogens early in life results in permanent alterations of the prostate gland, which include differentiation defects, altered gene expression, and dysplasia with aging. whether low-dose treatments can cause similar effects in the developing prostate remains controversial. the current project was designed to determine the dose-response relationship of the prostate gland to estradiol exposure during the developmentally critical neonatal period in th ... | 2001 | 11673267 |
| neonatal low- and high-dose exposure to estradiol benzoate in the male rat: ii. effects on male puberty and the reproductive tract. | environmental contaminants with estrogenic properties have been cause for heightened concern about their possible role in inducing adverse health effects. brief exposure of rodents to high doses of natural estrogens early in life results in permanent alterations of the male reproductive tissues, but the question of whether environmentally relevant doses can cause the same effects remains controversial. the current project was designed to determine the dose-response relationship between neonatal ... | 2001 | 11673268 |
| dynamic patterns of uspio enhancement can be observed in macrophages after ischemic brain damage. | cells of the mononuclear phagocytotic system (mps) are often found near to or within ischemic tissue and can potentially aggravate cellular damage. hence, visualization of those cells would allow demarcation of putatively affected from intact tissue. experimental mri studies have shown that ultrasmall particles of dextran-coated iron oxide (uspio) are internalized into cells of the mps. to test if this cell tagging method may be also applied to cerebral infarction, uspios were administered to fi ... | 2001 | 11675656 |
| effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhg-csf) on leukocyte count and survival rate of dogs with parvoviral enteritis. | dogs with clinical signs consistent with parvoviral enteritis and leukopenia (total leukocyte count < 5.0 x 10(9) l(-1)) were included in this randomised double-blind study (treatment group: n = 22; control group: n = 21). the dogs in the treatment group received a subcutaneous daily injection of 10 microg kg(-1) of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhg-csf) for 5 days. clinical and blood investigations were performed prior to the first injection, daily during the treatmen ... | 2001 | 11676617 |
| immediate early gene expression in the vestibular nuclei and related vegetative areas in rats during space flight. | changes in neuronal activity resulting in somatic and vegetative deficits occur during different space flight conditions. immediate early genes (iegs: c-fos and fos-related antigen [fra]) are useful indicators of changes in neuronal activity and plasticity. they are induced within minutes of several extracellular stimulations, while the corresponding proteins persist for hours (fos) or days (fras). changes in ieg expression are likely to contribute to adaptation to microgravity and readaptation ... | 2001 | 11677724 |
| fos-related antigens are involved in the transcriptional responses of locus coeruleus neurons to altered gravitational fields in rats. | locus coeruleus (lc) neurons, which have widespread projections to the whole brain, respond to natural stimulation of macular receptors. using immunocytochemistry we investigated whether rats exposed to altered gravitational fields showed changes in fos and fos-related antigen (fra) protein levels in the lc. fos protein is induced very rapidly and returns to basal levels within hours after stimulation, while fras persist for days or weeks after induction. adult male albino rats (fisher 344) were ... | 2001 | 11677725 |
| effect of aging and obesity on insulin responsiveness and glut-4 glucose transporter content in skeletal muscle of fischer 344 x brown norway rats. | this study investigated the metabolic changes with age in the fischer 344 x brown norway rat and its suitability as an animal model of postmaturational insulin resistance. specifically, we determined whether an age-associated decrease in glucose disposal is associated with diminished whole body insulin responsiveness and/or a decrease in glucose transporter (glut-4) protein and mrna content in medial gastrocnemius muscle of male fischer 344 x brown norway rats of ages 8, 18, and 28 months. fasti ... | 2001 | 11682570 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 reactivation and antiviral therapy in patients with acute peripheral facial palsy. | recent studies provide compelling data for the hypothesis that herpes simplex virus type i (hsv-1) is implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (bell's palsy). the present study analyzed the severity of facial palsy in patients with hsv-1 reactivation and sought to determine the efficacy of acyclovir-prednisone therapy for these patients. | 2001 | 11683332 |
| cell-based gene transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. | pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance secondary to a decrease in the caliber and number of pulmonary vascular channels. we hypothesized that the targeted overexpression of an angiogenic factor within the lung would potentially minimize the development and progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension by preventing the loss of existing vessels or by inducing the development of new blood vessels within the lung. | 2001 | 11684638 |
| rad, a new immunosuppressive macrolide in murine corneal transplantation. | rad is a novel macrolide immunosuppressant with effects on growth factor signalling. we investigated the potency of rad in inhibiting allograft rejection in the rat model of orthotopic allogeneic penetrating keratoplasty. | 2001 | 11688669 |
| exponential distance statistics to detect the effects of population subdivision. | statistical tests are needed to determine whether spatial structure has had a significant effect on the genetic differentiation of subpopulations. here we introduce a new family of statistics based on a sum of an exponential function of the distances between individuals, which can be used with any genetic distance (e.g., nucleotide differences, number of nonshared alleles, or separation on a phylogenetic tree). the power of the tests to detect genetic differentiation in wright-fisher island mode ... | 2001 | 11703101 |
| contribution of androgens to chronic allograft nephropathy is mediated by dihydrotestosterone. | donor and recipient gender influence long-term allograft outcome after kidney transplantation. sex hormones are likely to contribute to these gender-related differences. the present study investigated the role of androgens and their inhibition on the development of chronic allograft nephropathy. | 2001 | 11703615 |
| implication of macrophages in tumor rejection induced by cpg-oligodeoxynucleotides without antigen. | phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides containing cpg motifs (cpg-odns) display broad immunostimulating activity and have potential applications in cancer immunotherapy. to investigate the antitumor activity of cpg-odns and to study the role of macrophages and lymphocytes in tumor rejection, cpg-odn's effects on 9 l glioma cells were assessed in fisher rats, depleted or not in macrophages, in nude mice, and in scid mice. in nondepleted rats, intratumoral injections with 100 microg of cpg-odns on ... | 2001 | 11705874 |