| differential effect of t-2 toxin on murine host resistance to three facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens: listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium, and mycobacterium bovis. | the effect of t-2 toxin, a radiomimetic immunosuppressive agent, on resistance to the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens listeria monocytogenes (strain egd), mycobacterium bovis (bcg copenhagen 1331), and salmonella typhimurium was determined. female swiss icr mice were given a single dose of t-2 toxin (4 mg/kg of body weight) by gastric gavage. on the seventh day after toxin administration, the mice were infected by intraperitoneal inoculation with l monocytogenes, s typhimurium, or ... | 1988 | 3138932 |
| foodborne listeriosis. who working group. | listeria monocytogenes is widely distributed in the environment and may be transmitted to man through contamination of foodstuffs at any point from source to kitchen. milk and dairy products, meat, poultry, vegetables, salads and seafoods have all been found to be contaminated. unlike most other foodborne pathogens, l. monocytogenes can multiply in refrigerators (4-6 degrees c). pasteurization reduces their numbers in raw milk to levels that do not pose an appreciable risk to human health.the in ... | 1988 | 3139313 |
| further serological investigations in humans and domestic animals on the cape verde islands (q-fever, brucellosis, listeriosis, shigellosis, campylobacteriosis, yersiniosis, toxoplasmosis and chlamydia of plt-group). | 439 sera of domestic animals and various number (150-500) of human sera of the cape verde islands were examined for antibodies against coxiella burnetti, brucella abortus, b.melitensis, listeria monocytogenes, shigella dysenteriae, s.flexneri, s. boydii, s.sonnei, campylobacter jejuni, c.fetus ssp. intestinalis, yersinia enterocolitica, toxoplasma gondii and chlamydia of the plt-group. it could be shown, that on the cape verde islands there is to be counted with numerous zoonoses due to various ... | 1988 | 3139491 |
| in vitro primary induction of t cells mediating delayed footpad reaction and acquired cellular resistance to listeria monocytogenes. | we established an in vitro system generating l. monocytogenes-specific t cells primarily from unprimed spleen cells of mice. normal spleen cells were cultured for 5 days in the presence of l. monocytogenes in vitro. viable cells were harvested and assessed for their capacity to confer acquired cellular resistance (acr) and delayed footpad reaction (dfr) upon local passive transfer to naive syngeneic recipient mice. when normal spleen cells were stimulated with viable l. monocytogenes, the viable ... | 1988 | 3139549 |
| ultrasonography of a splenic abscess due to listeria monocytogenes. | | 1988 | 3139625 |
| early influx of listeria-reactive t lymphocytes in liver of mice genetically resistant to listeriosis. | murine listeriosis is a classical model for investigating mechanisms of cellular immunity, which involves interaction of macrophages and t lymphocytes. the early course of this experimental infection is under control of a limited number of genes in the murine host. in the present study, we asked whether the early efficient control of bacterial growth in the liver of resistant mice is related to the expression of a more rapid specific immune response in this organ than in susceptible mice. theref ... | 1988 | 3139760 |
| synergistic therapeutic effect of combination therapy with ok-432 and interferon-alpha or -gamma on meth-a ascites tumor in balb/c mice. | a synergistic therapeutic effect on meth-a ascites tumor was obtained in balb/c mice by the simultaneous i.p. injection of ok-432 and interferon alpha a/d (ifn-alpha). balb/c mice that were cured of their meth-a tumors showed significant tumor-specific rechallenge resistance. combined therapeutic effect was significantly weaker in nude mice than in haired mice. the stimulation of host t-cell immunity was indicated to be crucially important for obtaining cured mice. natural killer activity of per ... | 1988 | 3139841 |
| virulence of listeria spp.: course of infection in resistant and susceptible mice. | the virulence of representative strains of the five species of listeria monocytogenes sensu lato was compared in c57bl/6 and balb/c mice in terms of ld50 values and of bacterial growth kinetics and histological changes in mouse livers. l. monocytogenes sensu stricto and l. ivanovii showed relatively low ld50 values and much bacterial growth for 2-3 days before viable counts declined. histological changes in l. ivanovii infection resembled those caused by l. monocytogenes, with early development ... | 1988 | 3139882 |
| induction of nonspecific acquired resistance and delayed-type hypersensitivity, but not specific acquired resistance in mice inoculated with killed mycobacterial vaccines. | a number of nonliving mycobacterial preparations were tested in vivo for their capacity to generate various relevant parameters of cellular immunity. all preparations tested had some detectable activity in raising resistance to challenge with mycobacterium tuberculosis or with listeria monocytogenes and in conferring the ability to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivity response to tuberculin. this report presents the first evidence, however, that none of these preparations were able to generate ... | 1988 | 3141288 |
| inhibitory effect of tetracycline and doxycycline on resistance of mice to infection with a tetracycline-resistant strain of listeria monocytogenes. | by transposon mutagenesis a tetracycline-susceptible strain of listeria monocytogenes (mic 1 mg/l. for tetracycline and 0.25 mg/l. for doxycycline) was rendered resistant (mic 64 mg/l. for tetracycline and 16 mg/l. for doxycycline). infection of mice with this resistant strain led to an acute infection. treatment with 2 x 2 mg tetracycline per day did not influence the course of infection during the first 3 days, indicating that the nonspecific resistance, mediated mainly by macrophages and gran ... | 1988 | 3141304 |
| increased natural resistance to listeria monocytogenes in senescent mice correlates with enhanced macrophage bactericidal activity. | natural resistance to listeria monocytogenes is increased in aging (18-22-month-old) ab6f1 mice when compared to their younger counterparts. we have investigated several parameters of macrophage function of old ab6f1 mice to establish what macrophage characteristics determine their enhanced resistance to listeria. senescent mice had an increased number of macrophages present in unstimulated peritoneal cavity. these macrophages exhibited enhanced bactericidal activity and h2o2 production. old mic ... | 1988 | 3141495 |
| psk, a polysaccharide from coriolus vesicolor, enhances oxygen metabolism of murine peritoneal macrophages and the host resistance to listerial infection. | psk, a protein-bound polysaccharide isolated from the basidiomycete coriolus vesicolor (fr.) quél. was examined with regard to its effects of macrophage (m phi) oxygen metabolism in mice, a function important for the expression of m phi antimicrobial activity. the o2(-)-producing ability and chemiluminescence (cl) of host peritoneal m phi s in response to phorbol myristate acetate were markedly elevated by preinjection of psk (1 or 5 mg per mouse intraperitoneally) around 4-7d before m phi-harve ... | 1988 | 3141579 |
| [listeria monocytogenes kerato-uveitis]. | an 86-year-old patient with corneal gutae and diabetes presented with a listeria monocytogenes serpent ulcer on her right eye. smears taken from the ulcer revealed listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b. despite specific antibiotic therapy including cephalosporins and systemic administration of amikacin, as well as topical gentamycin drops, the eye had to be enucleated on the 16th day after hospitalization. massive fibrinous reaction and extreme pain causing the patient to reject alimentation were t ... | 1988 | 3141669 |
| parasite-directed endocytosis. | following the attachment of gonococci to human fallopian tube mucosa in organ culture, the gonococci are endocytosed by specialized low columnar epithelial cells, are transported to the base of the epithelial cells, and are subsequently exocytosed into the subepithelial tissues. this transepithelial transport process by which "invasion" of the host occurs appears to be dependent on microbial factors is designated parasite-directed endocytosis to distinguish it from host-directed endocytosis by c ... | 1988 | 3142016 |
| endocarditis due to listeria monocytogenes and human immunodeficiency virus infection. | | 1988 | 3142258 |
| effect of lipid composition on activity of liposome-entrapped ampicillin against intracellular listeria monocytogenes. | the effect of lipid composition on the intracellular antibacterial activity of ampicillin-containing liposomes was studied in vitro by using mouse peritoneal macrophages infected with listeria monocytogenes. two types of liposomes, a fluid type, consisting of cholesterol-phosphatidylcholine-phosphatidylserine (5:4:1), and a solid type, consisting of cholesterol-distearoylphosphatidylcholine-dipalmitoylphosphatidylglyc ero l (10:10:1), were used. although the cellular uptake of both types of lipo ... | 1988 | 3142339 |
| effectiveness of nanoparticle-bound ampicillin in the treatment of listeria monocytogenes infection in athymic nude mice. | the effectiveness of nanoparticle-bound ampicillin was tested in the treatment of experimental listeria monocytogenes infection in congenitally athymic nude mice. nanoparticles of polyisohexylcyanoacrylate (pihca) 187 +/- 13 nm in diameter were bound to ampicillin at an ampicillin/pihca ratio of 0.2:1. the proportion of ampicillin bound was 90% +/- 3%. after adsorption onto nanoparticles, the therapeutic activity of ampicillin increased dramatically over that in the free state. thus, 2.4 mg of n ... | 1988 | 3142347 |
| monoclonal antibodies show listeria monocytogenes in necropsy tissue samples. | stable mouse monoclonal hybridoma cell lines secreting antibodies against listeria monocytogenes were produced. antibodies from two of these cell lines (designated cl2 and cl17) have been partially characterised. the specificities of these antibodies were assessed using indirect immunofluorescence antibody tests and l monocytogenes (166 strains) grown in vitro, other species of listeria (21 strains), and bacteria from 14 other genera (87 strains). the antibodies were found to be specific for lis ... | 1988 | 3142937 |
| update--listeriosis and pasteurized milk. | | 1988 | 3143062 |
| immunomodulatory effects of staphylococcal lipoteichoic acid in early listeria monocytogenes infection in balb/c-mice. | balb/c-mice were intravenously infected with 5 x 10(4) viable cells of listeria monocytogenes slcc 4013. liver, lung and spleen of the animals showed heavy organ colonization 48 h after infection. pretreatment of experimental animals with staphylococcal lipoteichoic acid (lta; 2 mg i.p. 7 and 3 days before challenge) significantly reduced the bacterial count in these organs. in vitro, peritoneal macrophages from lta-treated mice significantly reduced listerial viability as compared to control ce ... | 1988 | 3143191 |
| ecological survey of listeria in the ferrara area (northern italy). | a bacteriological survey was done on human and environmental specimens from the province of ferrara in northern italy to determine the prevalence of listeria spp. because no cases of listeriosis so far had been reported. ten strains of listeria spp. (1.9%) (7 l. monocytogenes, 3 l. innocua) were detected in 513 faecal specimens from asymptomatic humans, whereas none was recovered from 505 vaginal swabs of fertile women with discharges. thirteen strains (9 l. monocytogenes, 4 l. innocua) were det ... | 1988 | 3143192 |
| [the detection of listeria monocytogenes and listeria innocua in cheese]. | | 1988 | 3143352 |
| recent developments in the study of virulence in listeria monocytogenes. | | 1988 | 3143518 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the two new 4-quinolones s-25930 and s-25932 against gram-positive bacteria isolated from cancer patients. | the in vitro activity of s-25930 and s-25932, two new quinolone antimicrobial agents, against 306 gram-positive organisms representing 12 bacterial species, was evaluated and compared with the activity of ciprofloxacin, difloxacin, enoxacin, amifloxacin and a-56620. both agents were active against staphylococcal species (including methicillin-resistant and coagulase-negative isolates), bacillus spp. and group jk diphtheroids. they were less active against streptococcal species and listeria monoc ... | 1988 | 3143584 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new difluoro-quinolone temafloxacin (a-62254) against bacterial isolates from cancer patients. | the in vitro activity of temafloxacin, a new difluoro quinolone agent, against 725 bacterial isolates representing 32 species was evaluated in comparison with that of ciprofloxacin. temafloxacin inhibited the majority of enterobacteriaceae isolates at a concentration of less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml. it was also extremely active against acinetobacter spp. and aeromonas hydrophila. its activity was 2-8 fold less than that of ciprofloxacin against most gram-negative isolates. methicillin- ... | 1988 | 3143585 |
| phagocytosis and killing of listeria monocytogenes by alveolar macrophages: smokers versus nonsmokers. | cigarette smoking alters the presence and function of alveolar macrophages. it has been speculated that these cigarette smoke-induced alterations contribute to the depressed pulmonary defense mechanisms commonly demonstrated in smokers. studies of the phagocytic and bactericidal activities of alveolar macrophages from smokers and nonsmokers have yielded conflicting results. we tested whether alveolar macrophages from normal nonsmokers versus normal smokers differed in their ability to phagocytos ... | 1988 | 3143765 |
| taxonomic studies on brochothrix, erysipelothrix, listeria and atypical lactobacilli. | one hundred and eighty-seven strains of listeriae, atypical lactobacilli, brochothrix, erysipelothrix and related gram-positive bacteria were tested for 140 characters based on morphology, physiology and biochemistry. computer analyses of the data resulted in the recovery of 20 phenons. representative strains were examined for cytochrome content, cell wall, fatty acid and isoprenoid quinone composition and the g + c content of the dna. the results indicate that the species listeria monocytogenes ... | 1988 | 3143805 |
| purified human and recombinant murine interleukin-1 alpha induced accumulation of inflammatory peritoneal neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes: possible contributions to antibacterial resistance. | interleukin-1 (il-1) mediates a number of proinflammatory biological responses that are thought to contribute to antibacterial resistance. in the present study we examined the ability of il-1 to recruit inflammatory neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes in vivo; a function that has been reported to be closely related to antibacterial resistance. intraperitoneal injection of small amounts (1-10 laf units) of purified human or recombinant murine il-1 alpha (ril-alpha) resulted in an increased inf ... | 1987 | 3143888 |
| validation of a role for endogenously produced ifn gamma in resolution of listeria monocytogenes infection in mice. | | 1988 | 3144157 |
| effect of interferons on the activation of murine peritoneal macrophages to inhibit the growth of listeria monocytogenes. | | 1988 | 3144158 |
| defective anti-listerial responses in deciduoma of pseudopregnant mice. | two different hormonal regimens to induce pseudopregnancy resulted in a pronounced increase in the susceptibility of the murine uterus to intraluminal injections of listeria monocytogenes. preimmunization, which profoundly augments systemic listeria resistance, had no effect on this increased uterine susceptibility. anti-listerial responses in other organs were unaffected by pseudopregnancy. animals manifesting increased susceptibility formed distinct uterine swellings in response to the combina ... | 1988 | 3144175 |
| bacterial hemolysins as virulence factors. | | 1988 | 3144241 |
| inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by using bacteriocin pa-1 produced by pediococcus acidilactici pac 1.0. | the bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici pac 1.0, previously designated pa-1 bacteriocin, was found to be inhibitory and bactericidal for listeria monocytogenes. a dried powder prepared from pac 1.0 culture supernatant fortified with 10% milk powder was found to contain bacteriocin activity. an mic against l. monocytogenes and lytic effects in broth cultures were determined. inhibition by pa-1 powder occurred over the ph range 5.5 to 7.0 and at both 4 and 32 degrees c. in addition, i ... | 1988 | 3144243 |
| growth of listeria monocytogenes at different ph values in uncultured whey or whey cultured with penicillium camemberti. | wheys from making camembert cheese were either uncultured or cultured with penicillium camemberti, adjusted to ph 5.0, 5.2, 5.4, 5.6, 6.2, and 6.8, and filter sterilized. whey samples were inoculated to contain 100 to 500 listeria monocytogenes (strains scott a, v7, ca, or oh) cfu/ml and incubated at 6 degrees c. counts of l. monocytogenes were obtained by surface plating appropriate dilutions on tryptose agar. listeria monocytogenes failed to grow at or below ph 5.4; except for strains scott a ... | 1988 | 3144427 |
| is listeriosis often a foodborne illness? | | 1988 | 3144571 |
| neonatal listeriosis: experience in suffolk. | four cases of neonatal infection with listeria monocytogenes are reported. two of them resulted in neonatal death and two in long-term healthy survival. the literature on the subject is reviewed with particular reference to epidemiology, early recognition and treatment. | 1988 | 3144572 |
| listeria monocytogenes and its role in human infection. | | 1988 | 3144573 |
| [epidemiological significance of poultry in the transmission of salmonella, yersinia enterocolitica and listeria monocytogenes: investigation of unchecked specimens for sale in the marketplace]. | | 1986 | 3144708 |
| [listeria meningitis in a healthy young adult]. | | 1988 | 3144723 |
| [listeria antigens and their isolated protein fractions]. | antigens have been obtained from standard listeria strains 1 and 4a by alcohol precipitation, sonication and multiple freezing and thawing. from these antigens protein fractions, immunologically identical as shown by the precipitation test and immunoelectrophoresis and similar in their chemical composition, have been isolated. the immunogenic properties of the fractions are determined by the polysaccharide-protein complex represented by amino acids (proline, histidine, lysine) and monosaccharide ... | 1988 | 3144816 |
| co-operative effect of mcf and maf(ifn-gamma) in the protection of mice against listeria monocytogenes. | the effects of macrophage chemotactic factor (mcf) and macrophage-activating factor (maf) on protection to listeria monocytogenes were analysed using 'mcf-rich fraction' and murine recombinant interferon-gamma (rifn-gamma). recombinant ifn-gamma showed no macrophage chemotactic activity in the assays performed in vitro and in vivo. although a single injection of either mcf-rich fraction or rifn-gamma into the footpads of mice led to a significant degree of anti-listerial activity, the highest de ... | 1988 | 3145249 |
| methods for improved recovery of listeria monocytogenes from cheese. | method of homogenization (waring blender versus stomacher), type of diluent (tryptose broth [tb] versus aqueous 2% trisodium citrate), and temperature of diluent (20 versus 40 degrees c) were compared for recovery of listeria monocytogenes from freshly made and ripened colby cheese. by using direct plating on mcbride listeria agar, significantly higher numbers of l. monocytogenes were recovered when cheese samples were (i) homogenized for 2 min with the blender rather than the stomacher (p less ... | 1988 | 3145706 |
| communicable disease report january to march 1988. from the phls communicable disease surveillance centre. | | 1988 | 3146460 |
| minimum growth temperatures of listeria monocytogenes and non-haemolytic listeria. | minimum growth temperatures and those of decreased growth were determined for 100 strains of listerias. the ability of 78 strains of listeria monocytogenes isolated from animals and 22 non-haemolytic strains to grow at low temperatures was studied, using a flooding technique, in a plate-type continuous temperature gradient incubator at temperatures between -1.6 and 14.5 degrees c. the mean minimum temperature for l. monocytogenes was +1.7 +/- 0.5 degrees c. the growth of non-haemolytic listerias ... | 1988 | 3146567 |
| effects of staphylococcus epidermidis on cellular immunity to infection with listeria monocytogenes. | with the present study, the effects of intravenous applications of staphylococcus epidermidis (se) on the course of experimental infections of mice with listeria monocytogenes were evaluated. se treatment 24 h prior to listeria infection led to a reduced growth of listeria organisms in both livers and spleens and to an increased resistance of infected animals against a lethal listeria challenge. se treatment 24 h after listeria infection resulted in an enhanced growth of and retarded elimination ... | 1988 | 3146842 |
| survival of listeria monocytogenes in cheese made of unpasteurized goat milk. | | 1988 | 3146923 |
| synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes for detection of listeria monocytogenes. | a 500-base-pair dna fragment of a presumptive beta-hemolysin gene of listeria monocytogenes has been used to identify this organism by a modified colony hybridization technique. we have cloned this dna fragment into m13 bacteriophage vectors and sequenced it by a dideoxynucleotide sequencing technique. from this sequencing information, several oligodeoxyribonucleotides were synthesized and used as synthetic probes to identify l. monocytogenes. the probes were specific for l. monocytogenes and di ... | 1988 | 3146945 |
| comparison of seven plating media for enumeration of listeria spp. | the suitability of seven media for the enumeration of listeria spp. was evaluated at 30 degrees c for 48 h. the media tested were (i) the original mcbride listeria agar formulation (with glycine); (ii) modified mcbride agar containing glycine anhydride; (iii) licl-phenylethanol-moxalactam (lpm) agar; (iv) acriflavine-ceftazidime agar; (v) rodriguez isolation agar (risa); (vi) modified vogel-johnson (mvj) agar; (vii) cyclohexanedione-nalidixic acid-phenylethanol agar; and tryptose agar as control ... | 1988 | 3146947 |
| effects of sewage treatment on the removal of listeria monocytogenes. | two sewage treatment plants in baghdad, iraq, were investigated to assess the effects of the different treatment stages on the removal of listeria monocytogenes. the bacteria were severely affected after the activation and digestion stages at both plants. a dramatic decrease in numbers of listerias after each of these two stages was noticed during the cold months (september-january). the organisms were able to survive these treatments and were present in the final effluent and even in low number ... | 1988 | 3147983 |
| immunocytochemical detection of listeria monocytogenes in tissue with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. | | 1988 | 3148239 |
| inhibitory action of nisin against listeria monocytogenes. | the sensitivity of nine strains of listeria to nisin was determined as well as the minimum inhibitory concentration of nisin necessary to completely inhibit growth of these strains. all strains tested were variably sensitive to nisin and different mic values were obtained, ranging from 740 to 10(5) iu/ml in trypticase soy agar and from 1.85 to 10(3) iu/ml in mrs agar. the inhibition of l. monocytogenes atcc 7644 in tsb trypticase at different ph values and in sterilized and nonsterilized cottage ... | 1988 | 3148644 |
| foodborne listeriosis--switzerland. | | 1988 | 3149549 |
| listeria monocytogenes reactive t lymphocytes in healthy individuals. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals were enriched for t lymphocytes and stimulated with killed organisms of listeria sp. different strains of listeria sp. induced comparable t cell responses independent from their pathogenicity and virulence. evidence is presented that killed l. monocytogenes organisms lacked mitogenic activity for human b and t lymphocytes. it is concluded that listeria reactive t lymphocytes are commonly present in healthy individuals and hence may contri ... | 1988 | 3149707 |
| enumeration of listeria monocytogenes-reactive l3t4+ t cells activated during infection. | a limiting dilution system was developed which allows minimal estimates of the number of listeria monocytogenes-reactive t cells from infected mice. limiting numbers of t cells were restimulated in vitro with accessory cells in the presence or absence of antigen (heat-killed l. monocytogenes organisms) and proliferative responses determined. the responding t cells resided entirely within the l374+, lyt2- (helper/inducer) t-cell subset. l. monocytogenes-reactive t cells were not demonstrable in u ... | 1986 | 3150026 |
| listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis: a case report. | listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis is characterised by a progressively darkening indolent hypopyon. gentamicin and amoxycillin, as used in this, the first reported australian case, is the currently recommended treatment. | 1988 | 3150285 |
| [extraction of chromosomal dna from staphylococcus and listeria by a rapid method using achromopeptidase]. | a rapid and simple method for preparation of chromosomal dna from gram-positive bacteria is reported. susceptibility to lysis with sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) increases when undergoing treatment with acetone before being digested by bacteriolytic enzymes. rapid lysis of staphylococcus and listeria cells is obtained through a respective treatment by lysozyme with lysostaphine and by lysozyme with achromopeptidase, adding to that the effect of sds in tris-hcl buffer. this procedure of preparing c ... | 1988 | 3150653 |
| temperature-dependent expression of flagella of listeria monocytogenes studied by electron microscopy, sds-page and western blotting. | washed cells of listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b, grown in broth culture at 20 degrees c and at 37 degrees c, were examined by electron microscopy for the presence of flagella. many flagella were seen in cells grown at 20 degrees c, whereas at 37 degrees c very few were expressed. flagella sheared from the cell surface were partially purified by differential centrifugation. using sds-page and western blotting two distinct protein bands were seen in this preparation, both with an apparent molec ... | 1988 | 3150978 |
| physical and antigenic heterogeneity in the flagellins of listeria monocytogenes and l. ivanovii. | listeria monocytogenes serotypes 4a, 4b and 7, and l. ivanovii, all grown at 20 degrees c, were negatively stained and examined by electron microscopy. crude extracts of the cell surface of l. monocytogenes serotypes 1/2b, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4d and 7 and of l. ivanovii (all grown at 20 degrees c) were examined by sds-page and western blotting using (i) affinity-purified polyclonal monospecific antibody, and (ii) monoclonal antibody, each raised against 29 kda flagellin of serotype 4b. no flagella w ... | 1988 | 3151210 |
| in vitro sensitivity of 65 listeria monocytogenes isolates to new and old antibiotics. | | 1987 | 3151351 |
| synergistic effect of macrophage activation and immune serum, especially igg2, on resistance to infection with treponema pallidum ssp. endemicum in hamsters. | experimental studies have indicated that macrophages are involved in the pathogenesis of syphilis. whether macrophages alone or with immune serum are ultimately responsible for killing of treponemes is disputed. we have demonstrated that bcg-vaccinated hamsters administered normal serum contained fewer treponemes in the inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes than did the nonvaccinated controls. when bcg-vaccinated hamsters were injected with syphilitic immune serum and challenged with treponema pall ... | 1988 | 3152775 |
| detection of listeria spp. in faeces from animals, in feeds, and in raw foods of animal origin. | thirty-nine samples of feeds and 79 faecal samples were collected at seven different dairy farms, at some of which the cows were suffering from listeria mastitis. faecal samples were also collected from poultry on a dairy farm and from cages used for transportation of poultry to slaughter. also neck-skin samples were taken from 17 carcasses of dressed poultry, and five samples of scalding and chilling water at a poultry slaughterhouse. finally, 67 samples of minced beef were collected from retai ... | 1988 | 3152796 |
| survival of listeria monocytogenes in ground beef. | listeria monocytogenes, due to its association with animals and animal products and its proven pathogenicity, is an organism of potential importance to the meat industry. the survival of l. monocytogenes in ground beef held at 4 degrees c for 2 weeks was investigated. the ground beef was inoculated with l. monocytogenes type 1 or type 4 at a level of 5 x 10(5) to 7 x 10(6) cfu/g and then packaged in either oxygen-permeable or oxygen-impermeable bags. packages were sampled at random at 0, 2, 3, 5 ... | 1988 | 3152797 |
| the occurrence in the u.k. of listeria species in raw chickens and soft cheeses. | retail samples of 100 raw chickens and 222 u.k. and imported soft cheeses were examined for the presence of listeria species. 60% of raw chickens (fresh and frozen) were contaminated with l. monocytogenes and 28% with other listeria spp. including l. welshimeri, l. seeligeri and l. innocua. six serotypes of l. monocytogenes were represented (1/2, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4b, 4d) of which more than one were isolated from some samples. 10% of the soft cheeses examined were found to contain l. monocytogenes at ... | 1988 | 3152800 |
| persistence of listeria monocytogenes in yogurt as determined by direct plating and enrichment methods. | listeria selective isolation agar (lsi) and modified acriflavin ceftazidime esculin agar (mace) were compared to mcbride listeria agar minus blood (mla-b) for ability to recover listeria monocytogenes scott a cells inoculated into commercial yogurt, ph 4.1, yogurt was stored at 5 degrees c and sampled periodically over a 12 day period. lsi, mace and mla-b inhibited the growth of the two yogurt organisms but lsi and mace gave better inhibition of other separately tested gram-positive bacteria lik ... | 1988 | 3152804 |
| thermal resistance of listeria monocytogenes in inoculated and naturally contaminated raw milk. | raw whole milk inoculated with 10(5) cfu/ml of listeria monocytogenes was thermally processed at 60-72 degrees c for a minimum holding time of 16.2 s with survival being observed at temperatures up to 67.5 degrees c. in addition, milk naturally contaminated with l. monocytogenes serotype 1 (around 10(4) cfu/ml) was pooled for 2 to 2.5 days and then run through an htst pasteurizer at temperatures ranging from 60-78 degrees c. viable l. monocytogenes were detected in the temperature range of 60-66 ... | 1988 | 3152805 |
| a comparison of two procedures for the isolation of listeria monocytogenes from raw chickens and soft cheese. | a cold enrichment method and a modified fda procedure were compared for the isolation of listeria monocytogenes from raw chickens and soft cheese. l. monocytogenes was isolated from a total of 23 of 222 cheese and 70 of 160 chicken samples by either one or both methods. neither method alone yielded all isolates from the two food types. only 12 cheese and 13 chicken samples were shown to be positive by both methods, although the serotypes isolated were not always identical. on some occasions one ... | 1988 | 3152807 |
| effects of n-nitrosodimethylamine on cell-mediated immunity. | dimethylnitrosamine (dmn) exposure altered the cell-mediated immune response of b6c3f1 adult female mice as assessed by several immunological assays. following 14 daily exposures (i.p.) to 1.5, 3.0, or 5.0 mg dmn/kg, mice exhibited a depression in their lymphoproliferative response to the t-cell mitogens concanavalin a and phytohemagglutinin, and in their mixed lymphocyte response to mitomycin-treated dba-2 spleen cells. the delayed hypersensitivity response (dhr) to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (k ... | 1985 | 3156199 |
| involvement of suppressor cells induced with membrane fractions of trypanosomes in immunosuppression of trypanosomiasis. | we showed that infection with trypanosoma congolense in mice led to suppression of listeria-induced delayed type hypersensitivity (dth). mice were pre-treated with irradiated t. evansi, which caused rapid and effective suppression of dth. a membrane fraction obtained by homogenizing t. evansi variant in a hypotonic buffer solution and centrifuging it at 150,000g produced suppression of listeria-induced dth when injected i.p. into mice as early as 1 day before listeria immunization. furthermore, ... | 1985 | 3158865 |
| pathology of listeria infection in murine severe combined immunodeficiency. a study by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. | mice bearing the scid mutation lack functional t and b lymphocytes and partially resist infection with the intracellular pathogen listeria monocytogenes. in this study, we describe the histopathologic features of the infection in scid mice. infected scid showed hyperplasia of mononuclear cells in lymphoid organs without any evidence of granulomas nor of lymphoid cell development. mononuclear phagocytes in various tissues of infected scid mice had markedly enhanced expression of class ii histocom ... | 1988 | 3164082 |
| serological investigations in q-fever and listeriosis of wild-living small mammals on the cape verde islands. | serological investigations of small mammals had been made on the island santiago (cape verde islands), to clear up how far synantropic, small mammals are reservoir hosts for pathogens, such as coxiella burnetti and listeria monocytogenes. 367 small mammals representing two species (rattus rattus and mus musculus) were trapped. q-fever antibodies were detected in 155 of 350 examined rats and mice (44.29%). 18.89% of all tested sera showed positive results to listeria-antigen, serovar 4bh, 5.48% t ... | 1988 | 3169561 |
| effect of protein and zinc deficiencies on vaccine efficacy in guinea pigs following pulmonary infection with listeria. | specific pathogen-free guinea pigs were maintained for 3 weeks on purified diets containing 30% protein (ovalbumin) and 50 ppm added zinc (control-c), 10% protein and 50 ppm added zinc (low protein-lp), or 30% protein and no added zinc (low zinc-lz). half of the animals in each diet group were vaccinated intraperitoneally with 2.5 x 10(3) viable listeria monocytogenes organisms after 8 days of diet treatment. ten days later, all animals received an aerosol challenge of 250 l. monocytogenes organ ... | 1988 | 3173238 |
| the comparative in-vitro activity of ofloxacin. | the antibacterial activity of ofloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, was evaluated against a wide range of clinical bacterial isolates and compared with that of nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, enoxacin, pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics). ofloxacin was very active against nalidixic acid-susceptible isolates of the enterobacteriaceae (mic less than or equal to 0.12 mg/l) and was also active against strains resistant to nalidixic acid (mic less than o ... | 1988 | 3182468 |
| [observations on neonatal infection]. | among 829 consecutively treated neonatal intensive care patients during the years 1985 and 1986 46 cases of early onset type an 14 cases of late onset type (beyond the 4th day of life) of sepsis neonatorum were diagnosed. mortality was 20%. in 40% of the cultures penicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis was found. it was resistant to penicillin however fully sensitive to cefamandol, netilmycine and amicacine. primary therapy of early onset type of sepsis has to be effective against strept ... | 1988 | 3186265 |
| listeria monocytogenes meningitis in a patient with aids-related complex. | | 1988 | 3198945 |
| reduced in vivo nonspecific resistance to listeria monocytogenes infection during avian retrovirus-induced immunosuppression. | ten-day-old chickens infected with an avian osteopetrosis virus [mav-2(o)] were more susceptible to challenge with listeria monocytogenes than virus-free chickens, as demonstrated by reduced bacterial clearance from their spleens. reduced clearance of l. monocytogenes was observed throughout a 26-day period after mav-2(o) infection. | 1988 | 3202762 |
| [listeria monocytogenes septic arthritis of the knee]. | | 1988 | 3206167 |
| [the antibacterial effect of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and norfloxacin in vitro]. | mics of ciprofloxacin (cip), ofloxacin (ofl) and norfloxacin (nor) were assessed with a total of 523 strains of 7 species (spp) of enterobacteriaceae, various pseudomonads, methicillin-susceptible and -resistant s. aureus, l. monocytogenes, legionella species and c. difficile. in addition, the mbcs were assessed with s. aureus and e. coli. with break-points of less than or equal to 0.5 and greater than or equal to 4 mg/l all strains of e. coli, k. oxytoca, p. mirabilis and indole-positive proteu ... | 1988 | 3223134 |
| protection of mice against bacterial infection by oral administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. | the effect of orally administered bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) on host resistance against bacterial infections was studied. lps orally given for 5 consecutive days prior to infection caused no apparent toxic effect and protected mice against pseudomonas aeruginosa and listeria monocytogenes infections. | 1988 | 3237123 |
| comparative in vitro activities of new 14-, 15-, and 16-membered macrolides. | the in vitro activities of several 14-, 15- and 16-membered macrolides were compared with that of erythromycin. in general, 14-membered macrolides such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, and flurithromycin were more active against streptococci and bordetella pertussis than was the 15-membered macrolide azithromycin, which was more active than 16-membered macrolides such as miocamycin and rokitamycin. clarithromycin was the most active compound against streptococcus pyogenes, pneumococci, listeria ... | 1988 | 3252753 |
| production of colony-stimulating factors (csfs) during infection: separate determinations of macrophage-, granulocyte-, granulocyte-macrophage-, and multi-csfs. | after infection of mice with listeria monocytogenes, elevated levels of colony-stimulating factors (csfs) in the serum were quantitated by six different assays: ability to stimulate colony formation, the proliferation of 2 suspension of bone marrow cells (both measuring total colony-stimulating activity), a radioimmunoassay for macrophage-csf (csf-1), the wehi-3b differentiation assay for granulocyte-csf, and proliferation of 32d-c1-3 and fdc-p1 cell lines (specific for multi-csf and either mult ... | 1988 | 3257205 |
| growth of legionella pneumophila in thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages from a/j mice. | legionella pneumophila is a facultative intracellular bacterium which readily grows in cultures of guinea pig and human mononuclear phagocytes. in this report, we demonstrate that the legionella sp. also grows in thioglycolate-elicited macrophages obtained from a/j mice but not in cells from other mouse strains tested, such as bdf1, dba/2, c3h/hen, c57bl/6, and balb/c. growth of listeria monocytogenes and interleukin-1 production in a/j mice were similar to their growth and production in other s ... | 1988 | 3257460 |
| oral trimethoprim as follow-up treatment of meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes. | successful treatment of meningitis and septicemia caused by listeria monocytogenes with intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has previously been reported. this case report of a 13-year-old boy with meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes documents complete cure with 6 days of intravenously administered trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole followed by orally administered trimethoprim as monotherapy. | 1988 | 3258438 |
| protective immunity to listeria monocytogenes in neonatally thymectomized (ntx) mice: involvement of t cells distinct from those in sham-thymectomized mice. | neonatally thymectomized (ntx) mice, whose ability to mount antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity is reported to be generally defective, were found to be capable of mounting a normal level of acquired cellular resistance (acr) and delayed footpad reaction (dfr) to listeria monocytogenes. the present study was done in order to determine the functional differences of t cells contributing to the protection against l. monocytogenes between ntx and sham-operated mice. in mice immunized with viable ... | 1988 | 3259205 |
| acute starvation in mice reduces the number of t cells and suppresses the development of t-cell-mediated immunity. | experiments were performed to determine the effect of starvation on t-cell mediated host defences. in mice starved for 72 hr, the number of thymocytes fell by 98%, spleen cells by 82% and peripheral blood cells by 44%. by 7 days after the end of starvation, values had returned to within 50% of baseline. the percentage of l3t4 and lyt-2 antigen-bearing cells fell in the thymus, but the percentage of thy-1.2-positive cells did not change. starvation decreased the percentage of lymphocytes in perip ... | 1988 | 3259207 |
| [treatment of listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis with cotrimoxazole in monotherapy]. | l. monocytogenes meningo-encephalitis are still a therapeutic problem, with most of the time a poor prognosis. in vitro, cotrimoxazole has about the same bactericidal activity as the ampicillin-aminoglycoside combination. so we treated 8 patients with l. m. meningoencephalitis with cotrimoxazole alone, with a mean duration of treatment of 13 days. all patients recovered without sequellae from their infectious episode. | 1988 | 3259325 |
| bmy-28100, a new oral cephalosporin: antimicrobial activity against nearly 7,000 recent clinical isolates, comparative potency with other oral agents, and activity against beta-lactamase producing isolates. | the antimicrobial activity of bmy-28100 was tested against approximately 7,000 bacterial pathogens in a multicenter, multiphased collaborative investigation. the bmy-28100 spectrum and antimicrobial potency was most similar to that of cefaclor and superior to that of cephalexin among currently available cephalosporins. species that had greater than or equal to 90% of clinical strains inhibited by bmy-28100 (less than or equal to 8.0 micrograms/ml) were: citrobacter diversus, escherichia coli, kl ... | 1988 | 3259489 |
| the influence of ciprofloxacin treatment in vivo on cell-mediated immunity to listeria monocytogenes. | the intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of ciprofloxacin in very high doses (2 x 1 mg/d up to 2 x 2 mg/d) can reduce the bacterial load of mice experimentally infected with the intracellular bacterium, listeria monocytogenes. the t-cell response generated during the treated infection is affected in much the same way as it is during antibiotic treatment with ampicillin, i.e. the protective immunity established directly correlates with the number of bacteria present during an extended p ... | 1988 | 3260706 |
| macrophage production during murine listeriosis: colony-stimulating factor 1 (csf-1) and csf-1-binding cells in genetically resistant and susceptible mice. | the concentration of the macrophage-specific colony-stimulating factor (csf-1) and the numbers of bone marrow and spleen cells with specific receptors for that factor have been investigated in a number of mouse strains under normal conditions and after infection with the facultative intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes. the csf-1 concentration in serum and tissue was markedly elevated in infected mice, the degree of stimulation reflecting the dose of l. monocytogenes. the csf-1 titer d ... | 1988 | 3262588 |
| recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha enhances anti-listeria resistance in both genetically resistant and susceptible strains of mice. | in this study we show that recombinant human il-1 alpha (rhil-1 alpha) protects both genetically resistant and susceptible strains of mice against listeria monocytogenes infection. similar levels of protection were observed in all strains tested. these data suggest that innate susceptibility to an infectious agent may not abrogate the ability of rhil-1 alpha to enhance antibacterial resistance. | 1988 | 3263318 |
| inhibition of expression of cell-mediated immunity by a cell surface-binding antibody directed against t-cell helper factors. | in this study, the effects of a monoclonal antibody, af3.44.4, which is directed against antigen-specific, t-cell-derived helper factors, were investigated in two models of t-cell-macrophage co-operation. in vitro, cultures of nylon-wool-enriched peritoneal cells from mice immune to listeria monocytogenes (t cells), macrophages from normal mice and listeria antigen produced an activity mitogenic for mouse thymocytes (tmf). when af3.44.4 was added to such cultures, the production of this activity ... | 1988 | 3263944 |
| protective effect of a traditional chinese medicine, xiao-chai-hu-tang (japanese name: shosaiko-to), on listeria monocytogenes infection in mice. | lethal effect of listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes) in mice was prevented by an intraperitoneal (ip) injection of a traditional chinese herbal medicine, xiao-chai-hu-tang (japanese name: shosaiko-to), 4 days before ip bacterial infection. the numbers of bacteria in the peritoneal cavity and liver were smaller in shosaiko-to-treated mice from one day after the infection. macrophage accumulation in the peritoneal cavity after ip inoculation of l. monocytogenes was observed in both untreated ... | 1988 | 3264299 |
| kinetics of interleukin-1 production by macrophages during infection with listeria monocytogenes. | production of interleukin-1 (il-1) by peritoneal macrophages from mice inoculated intravenously with listeria monocytogenes was measured at increasing intervals of infection. il-1 activity in the 24 h macrophage supernatants was determined by using the thymocyte pha co-mitogenesis assay. il-1 production increased as the infection progressed, reached a peak on the 9th or 10th day and then declined progressively to approach normal values by the 20th day. our data on the kinetics of il-1 levels dur ... | 1988 | 3266201 |
| specific defects in the anti-listerial immune response in discrete regions of the murine uterus and placenta account for susceptibility to infection. | infection of the murine uteroplacental region by the intracellular pathogen listeria monocytogenes results in uncontrolled local bacterial growth. in this paper we examined infected and noninfected uteroplacental tissues by immunocytochemistry to delineate the nature of the aberrant anti-listerial response. overall the data support the hypothesis that local immunoregulation, which ordinarily prevents maternal anti-fetal, responses also prevents an effective anti-listerial response at the materna ... | 1988 | 3286765 |
| erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae endocarditis: microbiologic, epidemiologic, and clinical features of an occupational disease. | ninety percent of the 49 reported cases of serious erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection have been episodes of presumed or proved endocarditis. e. rhusiopathiae endocarditis correlates highly with occupation (farming, animal exposure), affects more males than females, exhibits a peculiar aortic valve tropism, displays a characteristic erysipeloid cutaneous lesion (in 40% of cases), and is associated with significant mortality (overall rate, 38%). comparison with other unusual gram-positive rods ... | 1988 | 3287562 |
| [effect of propionibacterium granulosum kp-45 on the resistance to listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium infections]. | killed bacterial cells of propionibacterium granulosum kp-45 were found to be potent modifiers of non-specific resistance of mice against infection with either listeria monocytogenes or salmonella typhimurium. injection of p. granulosum 7 days prior to infection resulted in marked splenomegaly. disseminated acute inflammatory foci were found histologically in the liver. these mice were apparently less susceptible to infection, since definitely lower bacterial counts were determined. simultaneous ... | 1988 | 3287804 |
| characterization of the pattern of inflammatory cell influx and cytokine production during the murine host response to listeria monocytogenes. | to examine the physiologic mechanisms responsible for enhanced antibacterial activity during infection with listeria monocytogenes (lm), we developed an in vitro assay for quantifying leukocyte anti-listerial activity (laa) in spleen and bone marrow. when laa was serially measured in c57b1/6 (b6) mice infected i.v. with lm, two distinct phases of response were observed. splenic laa increased four- to fivefold during the first 2 days after i.v. infusion of lm (from 2.4 +/- 1.8 u/spleen before inf ... | 1988 | 3290343 |
| fatal endocarditis due to listeria monocytogenes. | three fatal cases of listerial endocarditis were studied. the first case occurred in an apparently healthy 58-year-old man, who presented with symptoms of pneumonitis. the second case developed in a 75-year-old woman with adenocarcinoma of the lung and aortic stenosis. in the third patient, an 83-year-old woman, aortic valve vegetations with perforations were found at necropsy. a colonic adenocarcinoma was found in the first and third cases. ampicillin, alone or with an aminoglycoside, was the a ... | 1988 | 3293164 |
| salmonella-typhimurium-specific difference in rate of intracellular killing by resident peritoneal macrophages from salmonella-resistant cba and salmonella-susceptible c57bl/10 mice. | the aim of the present study was to determine whether the difference between the rate of intracellular killing of salmonella typhimurium by macrophages of salmonella-resistant cba and salmonella-susceptible c57bl/10 mice also holds for other salmonellae and other bacteria species. after in vivo phagocytosis, the initial rate of in vitro intracellular killing of s. typhimurium phagetype 505, s. typhimurium phagetype 510, and s. typhimurium m206 by macrophages of cba mice amounted always to approx ... | 1987 | 3295047 |
| listeria monocytogenes arthritis in a renal transplant recipient. | | 1987 | 3298461 |
| [treatment of neuro-meningeal listeriosis in patients over 60 with a combination of ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]. | an open retrospect study, including five patients, has been entered on, in order to estimate the efficacity and the tolerance in a more than sixty years old person, of the association ampicillin-cotrimoxazole for the treatment of the meningitis due to listeria monocytogenes. in the infectious sphere, all the patients recovered; one death, by pulmonary embolism at the 21sh day of evolution, is to be deplored; two erythematous rashes have been observed. these preliminary results are encouraging an ... | 1987 | 3302872 |