| piroplasmosis in buffaloes and its serological diagnosis based on a homology between buffalo and bovine immunoglobulins. | babesia argentina, babesia bigemina and theileria mutans were transmitted experimentally from water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) to splenectomised bos taurus calves. buffaloes were positive to an indirect fluorescent antibody test for b. argentina when reagents of bovine origin were used. the formation of similar patterns during immunoelectrophoresis suggested a homology of buffalo and bovine serum proteins, particularly igg. | 1976 | 1267733 |
| buffalo and bali cattle--exploiting their reproductive behaviour and physiology. | water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and bali cattle (bos sondaicus) occupy production niches in much of the developing world's agricultural systems which in the developed world are occupied by bos indicus and bos taurus. both the former species are better-adapted to these environments and systems. both depend on population survival strategies different from each other's and from those of b. indicus and b. taurus. water buffalo rely on longevity and late sexual maturity, while bali cattle rely on hig ... | 1992 | 1304664 |
| an evaluation of serologic tests used to diagnose brucellosis in buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). | five serologic procedures were evaluated in buffaloes and results compared with cultures of 64 udder secretion specimens. the rivanol test was superior to all other methods in specificity. the card, rivanol and complement fixation tests identified all infected cows. many sera had complement fixing antibodies while agglutinins were absent. it was concluded that these were false positive results. a new procedure, the particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay, was a sensitive screening test b ... | 1992 | 1306917 |
| disposition kinetics of gentamicin following repeated parenteral administration in buffalo calves (bubalus bubalis). | disposition kinetics of gentamicin was determined in buffalo calves following repeated parenteral administration of 5 mg/kg body weight. the absorption (t1/2 ka) and elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) were found to be 0.40 +/- 0.12 and 4.33 +/- 0.39 h, respectively. statistical comparison of the values of pharmacokinetic determinants generated in this study with the corresponding values following single intramuscular injection at the same dose level as reported earlier by garg and garg, 1990, rev ... | 1992 | 1340000 |
| a simple staining procedure for detecting the true acrosome reaction in buffalo (bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa. | a simple dual staining procedure for detecting the true acrosome reaction in dried smears of buffalo spermatozoa is described. trypan blue is used first to differentiate live from dead spermatozoa and the dried smears which have been prepared are stained with giemsa for acrosome evaluation. four categories of spermatozoa were recognized: a) live, intact acrosome (acrosome pink, postnuclear cap clear); b) dead, intact acrosome (acrosome pink, postnuclear cap blue); c) live, detached acrosome (acr ... | 1992 | 1377498 |
| in vitro fertilization of follicular oocytes from the swamp buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and kedah-kelantan cattle (bos indicus) in malaysia. | | 1992 | 1391198 |
| detection of a sperm-coating antigen in the semen of bubalus bubalis. | 1. surface antigens of b. bubalis spermatozoa were solubilized by triton x-100 and edta; the sperm extract was used to raise antibodies in rabbits. 2. two major polypeptides, immunoprecipitated from the seminal plasma by the antibodies against the sperm extract, exhibited the same electrophoretic mobilities of two immunorelated sperm surface antigens. 3. the two polypeptides were isolated from the seminal plasma, by a multi-step chromatographic procedure, and found subunits of a single protein ( ... | 1992 | 1395507 |
| plasma hormonal and electrolyte alterations in cycling buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) during hot summer months. | plasma levels of progesterone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, and electrolytes were monitored by radioimmunoassay in ten cycling buffaloes maintained at punjab agricultural university, ludhiana during the hot summer months of june-july. the plasma progesterone concentration ranged from 0.28 +/- 0.04 to 3.09 +/- 0.03 ng/ml at various stages of the oestrous cycle. prolactin values ranged from 319 +/- 23 to 371 +/- 25 ng/ml and lh levels from 0.95 +/- 0.05 to 1.35 +/- 0.08 ng/ml. concentrations di ... | 1992 | 1399107 |
| high-resolution gtg-banding of chromosomes in the swamp buffalo (bubalus bubalis l.): description of chromosome 1. | | 1992 | 1399708 |
| combined sarcocystis and gram-positive bacterial infections. a possible cause of segmental enterocolitis in thailand. | between 1981 and 1990, 22 intestinal specimens surgically resected due to segmental enterocolitis were collected and examined. grossly, the specimens were classified into 3 groups 1) acute inflammation with hemorrhage and necrosis 2) constrictive lesion 3) false diverticulum with perforation. mostly, there was unisegmental involvement, distributed in jejunum, ileum and ileocolon. microscopically, small parasitic structures, interpreted to be unconventional excystation stage of sarcocystis homini ... | 1992 | 1402481 |
| pharmacokinetics following a single intravenous administration and a dosage regimen for sulfadoxine in buffalo calves (bubalus bubalis). | | 1992 | 1413482 |
| some glucose metabolic enzymes in various fractions of sarcocysts of sarcocystis fusiformis of buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | a comparative biochemical study on some enzymes of glycogenolysis, glycolysis and the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway in various fractions (cyst wall, cyst fluid and zoites) of the sarcocysts of sarcocystis fusiformis from the oesophageal muscles of naturally infected indian water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) was carried out. the pattern and the magnitude of enzymic activity differed markedly in these fractions. phosphorylase, hexokinase, aldolase and pyruvate kinase showed their highest levels ... | 1992 | 1441191 |
| the effect of long-term exposure to phosphamidon on the ruminal microorganisms and circulating carboxylesterase of bubalus bubalis. | the effect of long-term exposure to the organophosphate insecticide phosphamidon on the ruminal microorganisms and serum carboxylesterase of buffalo calves was investigated. oral administration of phosphamidon in doses of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg per day for 120 days caused significant inactivation of carboxylesterase activity (16-32%) without eliciting any intoxicating signs apart from mild intermittent diarrhoea in the animals receiving the higher dose. the higher dose also produced a significant re ... | 1992 | 1466149 |
| conjugal transfer of plasmid-borne bacteriocin production in enterococcus faecalis 226 nwc. | enterococcus faecalis 226 nwc, isolated from natural whey cultures utilized as starter in water-buffalo mozzarella cheese manufacture, produces a bacteriocin, designated enterocin 226 nwc, which is inhibitory to listeria monocytogenes. plasmid analysis of e. faecalis 226 nwc showed a single 5.2-kb plasmid, pef226. in conjugation experiments, pef226 was transferred into a plasmid-free strain of e. faecalis jh2-2. the transfer required direct cell-to-cell contact and was not inhibited by dnase. th ... | 1992 | 1468612 |
| disposition kinetics and dosage regimen of sulfapyridine in buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | the disposition kinetics and dosage regimen of sulfapyridine were studied in buffalo calves following a single intravenous dose of 100 mg/kg. distribution half-life (t1/2 alpha) elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) and vd (area) was 0.181 +/- 0.008 h, 13.4 +/- 0.52 h and 0.59 +/- 0.03 l kg-1, respectively. total body clearance, which represents the sum of all clearance processes, and tissue/plasma (t/p) ratio were calculated to be 31.1 +/- 2.28 ml kg-1 h-1 and 2.25 +/- 0.09, respectively. a satisfa ... | 1992 | 1476083 |
| immunoreactive prolactin, progesterone and luteinizing hormone in the seminal plasma of buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | the presence of immunoreactive prolactin, luteinizing hormone (lh) and progesterone in buffalo seminal plasma is reported for the first time. correlations were obtained between various semen attributes and the levels of the above immunoreactive hormones. statistically significant (p < 0.01) negative correlations were found between the levels of immunoreactive prolactin in semen and sperm motility and viability. the coefficient of multiple linear correlation (r2) between the levels of immunoreact ... | 1992 | 1476086 |
| effect of dietary amino acids on in vitro rumen bacterial protein synthesis in buffaloes. | the effect of different ratios of urea to amino acid n at a fixed concentration of soluble sugars as energy source and varying levels of soluble sugars at optimum urea cell suspension was obtained from the rumen fluid of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) calves fed on a growth ration. under glucose fermentation, the bacterial protein content of the incubation mixture (i. m.) was increased to 3.91, 6.31 and 5.08 times the control value (urea alone) when 25, 50 and 75% of urea-n was replaced with amino ac ... | 1992 | 1476088 |
| a 49, xo sterile murrah buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | | 1992 | 1496757 |
| effects of oximes and atropine on acute phosphamidon intoxication in bubalus bubalis. | | 1992 | 1498478 |
| river buffalo (bubalus bubalis l.) aa phenotype haemoglobins: characterization by immobiline polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography and determination of the primary structure of the constitutive chains by mass spectrometry. | 1. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in ultra-narrow immobilized ph gradient shifted the "hb fast" band of aa buffalo phenotype haemoglobin into two components which were named hb1 and hb3. 2. urea/triton electrophoresis and reversed-phase hplc demonstrated that hb1 and hb3 differ in the presence of two structurally distinct alpha chains (alpha 1 and alpha 3), also suggesting that the alpha chains must differ for neutral amino acid substitution. 3. extensive mass spectrometric analysis on sever ... | 1992 | 1499282 |
| effects of daily phosphamidon administration on certain blood biochemical measurements in bubalus bubalis. | | 1992 | 1504517 |
| in vitro maturation, fertilization and development of follicular oocytes from buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | cumulus-oocyte complexes, 5596, were cultured for 24 h in either tcm-199 or ham's f-10 with or without gonadotrophins and supplemented with either 20% buffalo oestrous serum (bes) or fetal calf serum (fcs). the maturation rates of oocytes cultured in tcm-199 or ham's f-10 medium supplemented with 20% bes were 47.4 +/- 17.8 and 44.8 +/- 25.6, respectively. addition of luteinizing hormone (lh) (5 micrograms ml-1) significantly improved the maturation rate in the ham's f-10 medium supplemented with ... | 1992 | 1518014 |
| evolution of ruminant hemoglobins. thermodynamic divergence of ox and buffalo hemoglobins. | the ligand-binding properties of hemoglobins from two homozygote phenotypes (aa and bb) of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) have been characterized by equilibrium and kinetic techniques. in the case of the bb phenotype, the two constituent hemoglobins have been purified and separately analysed. buffalo hemoglobins display the reduced sensitivity to organic phosphates characteristic of ruminant hemoglobins, their physiological effector probably being the chloride ion. in contrast to the other know ... | 1992 | 1541266 |
| studies on activation and levels of haemolytic complement of buffalo (bubalus bubalis). ii. alternate complement pathway activity in serum. | buffalo serum caused lysis of unsensitized red blood cells (rbc) of sheep, goat, rabbit and guinea-pig. there was minimal lysis of cattle rbc, and homologous rbc were resistant. lysis of sheep and goat rbc was the result of natural antibodies as adsorption with respective rbc and addition of 8 mmol ethylene glycolbistetraacetate (egta) in diluent completely abrogated the haemolytic activity. the lysis of guinea-pig and rabbit rbc was only partially decreased by these treatments, indicating the p ... | 1992 | 1546445 |
| psychoactive mushroom use in koh samui and koh pha-ngan, thailand. | this paper presents the results of recent ethnomycological exploration in southern thailand. field observations, interviews and collection of fungi specimens were carried out primarily on two islands, koh samui and koh pha-ngan, situated in the western region of the gulf of siam. some fieldwork was also conducted in the northern thai province of chiang dao and in the southern thai province of surat thani. during five separate excursions (1989-90), observations were made of occurrence, harvesting ... | 1992 | 1548895 |
| a comparative study of the temperature dependence of the oxygen-binding properties of mammalian hemoglobins. | the effect of temperature on the oxygen-binding properties of hemoglobin (hb) from ruminants, such as ox, reindeer, musk ox, mouflon and egyptian water buffalo is compared to that of human adult hb (hba). a striking difference emerges where in the presence of chloride ions and in the absence of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate [gri(2,3)p2] a strongly reduced exothermic oxygenation process is observed for all ruminant hb investigated with respect to hba. next, in the presence of physiological concentration ... | 1992 | 1551393 |
| around the world with 180 million water buffalo. | | 1992 | 1568893 |
| an ultrastructural study of the sertoli cell in the water buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | the ultrastructure of sertoli cell in the water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) was observed in a transmission electron microscope. the nucleus had homogeneous nucleoplasm, scarce heterochromatin and multivesicular nuclear body (mnb). the mnb was composed of numerous vesicles and ribosome-like dense structures. the vesicles varied in size and number and contained a sparse and flocculent substance. in the indentation of the nucleus, aggregates of ribosomes were frequently observed. in the apical and mi ... | 1992 | 1585996 |
| quantitative morphology of the testicular tubular epithelium in the water buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | ultrastructural features and morphometric evaluations of water buffalo seminiferous epithelium are reported for the 6 phases of the spermatogenic cycle. the relative sertoli cell volume varies between 30% (phase 4) and 39% (phase 8), the calculated volume of a sertoli cell between 7118 microns3 and 8968 microns3 (phase 4). smooth er is the organelle that exhibits the most prominent changes in sertoli cells during the spermatogenic cycle: it occupies about 6% in phase 3 and 21% in phase 4. all sp ... | 1992 | 1605402 |
| comparison of the hemoglobins of the platyhelminths gastrothylax crumenifer and paramphistomum epiclitum (trematoda: paramphistomatidae). | 1. gastrothylax crumenifer and paramphistomum epiclitum parasitize the water buffalo bubalus bubalis. 2. gastrothylas hemoglobin consisted of two fractions of ca 30,000 and ca 18,000 by gel filtration. sds-electrophoresis showed both to be single, ca 15,000 chains. 3. paramphistomum hemoglobin was ca 16,000 by both gel filtration and sds-electrophoresis. 4. reversed-phase chromatography of carboxymethylated trematode and buffalo globins gave single peaks and two peaks, respectively. although par ... | 1992 | 1611885 |
| a new technique for the precise location of lactate and malate dehydrogenases in goat, boar and water buffalo spermatozoa using gel incubation film. | gel incubation film, which contained gelatin to prevent the diffusion of enzyme during chemical reaction and phenazine methosulfate to operate as a hydrogen acceptor between nadh and tetrazolium, was used and light microscopy revealed that lactate dehydrogenase was located in the head and tail of the spermatozoa as well as in the midpiece, whereas malate dehydrogenase was confined to the midpiece in spermatozoa of the animals examined. in goat spermatozoa, lactate dehydrogenase was associated ma ... | 1992 | 1625237 |
| hematological study of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) during theileriosis (theileria annulata). | | 1992 | 1626870 |
| influence of different sources of injected selenium on certain enzymes, glutathione and adenosylmethionine concentration in buffalo (bubalus bubalis) calves. | sodium selenite and selenomethionine were investigated as possible causative factors for the induction of degnala disease syndrome in twelve buffalo (bubalus bubalis) calves divided into three groups of four. group 1 was the control group and received no additional selenium. sodium selenite and selenomethionine were given daily as intramuscular injections on a selenium-equivalent basis, with a weekly increment in the dose of 0.05 mg se/kg live weight from 0.05 to 0.20 mg se/kg live weight per da ... | 1991 | 1662070 |
| serotype o157:h7 escherichia coli from bovine and meat sources. | serotype o157:h7 escherichia coli strains from several different bovine and meat (beef) sources were studied to determine the diversity of their virulence properties and to compare their plasmid characteristics. eighteen strains from cattle feces, 2 from water buffalo feces, 3 from beef samples, and 2 from feces of human hemolytic uremic syndrome cases were examined. all of these strains hybridized with the cvd419 dna probe which identifies serotype o157:h7 and many other serotypes of verocytoto ... | 1991 | 1677942 |
| endometrial glycogen, protein, nucleic acids and phosphatases during oestrous cycle in buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). | distinct cyclic variations were observed in the concentrations of endometrial glycogen, protein, deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) and ribonucleic acid (rna) and activities of acid phosphatase (acp) and alkaline phosphatase (akp) during the follicular and luteal phases of the oestrous cycle in buffaloes. glycogen, protein, dna and rna concentrations were significantly (p less than 0.01) higher in buffalo endometrium during the follicular phase than the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle whereas acp an ... | 1990 | 1703025 |
| disposition kinetics of gentamicin in buffalo calves (bubalus bubalis) following single intravenous administration. | | 1991 | 1744943 |
| effect of some electrolytes on in vitro rumen microbial protein synthesis in buffaloes. | in vitro studies were carried out to examine the effect of mncl2, mgcl2, cocl2 and cacl2 on protein synthesis by rumen microorganisms obtained from fistulated buffalo calves (bubalus bubalis). the concentration of the electrolytes in stained rumen fluid (srf) ranged from 1 to 20, 1 to 20, 0.25 to 5 and 1 to 20 mm, respectively. mncl2 (15 mm), mgcl2 (10 mm), cocl2 (2.5 mm) and cacl2 (20 mm) increased the protein content in the incubation mixture (im) by 501, 230.8, 537.6 and 84% and the per cent ... | 1991 | 1750368 |
| electrophoretic and chromatographic evidence for allelic polymorphisms in the river buffalo alpha-globin gene complex. | isoelectric focusing in the ultranarrow immobilized (7.1-7.5) ph gradient (ipg) of hemoglobin and high-performances liquid chromatography (hplc) of globin chains were used to investigate hb polymorphism in italian river buffalo. six different phenotypes, each characterized by two or four different hbs, were detected by ipg, whereas two different ii alpha-globin chains were separated from two different i alpha-chains by hplc. two alpha-chains (i alpha 1 and ii alpha 3), and hbs with similar mobil ... | 1991 | 1772399 |
| effect of different seasons on concentration of plasma luteinizing hormone and seminal quality vis-à-vis freezability of buffalo bulls (bubalus bubalis). | seasonal variations in semen quality, freezability and plasma luteinizing hormone (lh) levels were studied between summer and spring. semen volume, density and initial sperm motility did not differ significantly between different seasons. plasma lh decreased between summer and spring but the differences were, however, not significant. pre-freezing motility did not differ significantly but post-freezing motility varied significantly (p less than 0.01) between seasons. post-freezing motility was l ... | 1991 | 1778653 |
| trypanosoma evansi infection in worked and unworked buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in indonesia. | the effect of controlled amounts of exercise on the outcome of trypanosoma evansi infection was studied in groups of swamp buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) experimentally infected with t. evansi. daily body temperature, packed cell volume (pcv) and parasitaemia measurements were obtained from each animal for up to 110 days after infection. exercise did not appear to exacerbate the effect of t. evansi infection in that similar temperature, pcv and parasitaemia profiles were obtained with both exercise ... | 1991 | 1788927 |
| evidence for the presence of two different beta-globin chains in the hemoglobin of the river buffalo (bubalus bubalis l.). | 1. hemoglobin (hb) of the river buffalo (bubalus bubalis l.) was studied by employing isoelectric focusing (ief) in the 6.7-7.7 ph range and by ief in ultra-narrow immobilized ph gradient (ipg) 7.1-7.5. 2. three hb bb phenotypes were identified which were characterized by sets of two or four hbs with different isoelectric points. 3. these type were called bb, bsbs and bbs, the bs phenotype showing hbs with slightly slower mobility. 4. analysis of constituent globin chains by acid urea polyacryla ... | 1991 | 1790681 |
| quantitative aspects of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) spermatogenesis. | in the buffalo, seminiferous tubules occupy about 82% of the testis. spermatogenesis can be divided into 6 stages according to characteristic cellular associations in the seminiferous epithelium. a-spermatogonia have a volume of approximately 1,400 microns3 and the highest absolute mitochondrial volume of all spermatogenic cells. b-spermatogonia display cellular, nuclear and mitochondrial volumes of approximately half the values of a-spermatogonia. from preleptotene (approximately 470 microns3) ... | 1991 | 1793664 |
| partial purification and isoelectric focusing patterns of the buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and the kedah-kelantan cattle (bos indicus) glutathione transferases. | 1. glutathione transferases from the liver, lung and kidney tissues of the buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and the kedah-kelantan cattle (bos indicus) were partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and sephadex g-75 gel filtration. 2. liver tissue contains the highest enzyme activity when compared to the lung and kidney tissues. 3. the activity in cattle is higher than that in the buffalo. 4. isoelectric focusing separates the activities into the acidic, near neutral and basic fractions. 5 ... | 1991 | 1799968 |
| cleavage capability of water buffalo follicular oocytes classified by cumulus cells and fertilized in vitro. | water buffalo (murrah) oocytes were collected from ovaries obtained from the slaughter house. they were classified according to the character of the cumulus cells under a stereomicroscope, and cultured in 25 mm hepes buffered tissue culture medium-199 (tcm-199) supplemented with 5% estrous water buffalo serum in an atmosphere containing 5% co2 in air at 39 degrees c. after 20-24 hr of in vitro maturation, the oocytes were fertilized using capacitated sperm obtained from 4 different bulls. for cl ... | 1991 | 1832035 |
| seroepidemiology of bivens arm virus infections of cattle in florida, st. croix and puerto rico. | bivens arm virus (bav) is a newly discovered rhabdovirus infecting cattle and water buffalo in florida. the virus is classified as a member of the tibrogargan group, members of which have hitherto been found only in australasia. they are considered to be transmitted by culicoides species. bivens arm virus was first isolated from culicoides insignis which suggests that bav is also transmitted by this genus. a serological survey of two small groups of cattle raised in st. croix and puerto rico, in ... | 1991 | 1871952 |
| pharmacokinetics of cephaloridine in bubalus bubalis. | | 1991 | 1920608 |
| physico-chemical and immunological characteristics of pituitary prolactin from water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). | prolactin (prl) was purified from freshly frozen pituitary glands of water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) by a combination of existing procedures of ellis and jiang and wilhelmi involving serial extraction of different pituitary proteins. the partially purified preparation was further fractionated on deae-sephadex followed by sephadex g-100 chromatography. this was finally purified on hplc. this preparation was found to be homogeneous by sds-page and hplc and had a single n-terminus amino acid (thr ... | 1991 | 1922008 |
| ethnopharmacology of rhinoceros horn. ii: antipyretic effects of prescriptions containing rhinoceros horn or water buffalo horn. | aqueous extracts of rhinoceros horn or water buffalo horn demonstrated significant antipyretic action at 2.5 g/ml i.p. (1 ml/animal) in rats with hyperthermia induced by subcutaneous injection of turpentine oil. qingying decoction, a classic compound prescription composed of rhinoceros horn and eight herbs, showed significant antipyretic action at dosages equivalent to 0.5 g/ml of rhinoceros horn extract. comparable action was obtained by qingying decoction prepared with water buffalo horn. it i ... | 1991 | 1943172 |
| polymorphism of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) in cattle and buffaloes. | mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from two breeds of cattle, viz., [hariana (bos indicus), holstein (bos taurus)] and indian water buffalo (bubalis bubalus), was analyzed using 13 restriction endonucleases which recognized an average of about 40 six-base sites. polymorphism among cattle was detected with six of these enzymes. the two holstein differed at six sites, whereas the hariana breed (bos indicus) did not show any site polymorphism. surprisingly, the hariana type differed by only one site from on ... | 1990 | 1980060 |
| preliminary observations on the epidemiology of bovine ephemeral fever in china. | bovine ephemeral fever (bef) is a viral disease of cattle and water buffalo recognised for the first time in china in 1955. the disease has been endemic in south china with 13 epidemics since 1955, seven epidemics reaching central china and one extending into north-east china (40 degrees n). the outbreaks have been seasonal with all occurring in the warmer summer/autumn months of june to october when possible insect vectors are active. reports of clinical disease were confirmed as bef by the det ... | 1991 | 2038767 |
| pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of gentamicin in bubalus bubalis calves following intramuscular administration. | the pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of gentamicin was studied in buffalo calves after a single intramuscular administration (10 mg kg-1). kinetic determinants were calculated by using a two compartment open model. the absorption (t1/2ka) and biological half lives (t1/2 beta) were calculated to be 0.43 +/- 0.08 and 3.79 +/- 0.23 h, respectively. the value of the apparent volume of distribution (vdb) was found to be 0.38 +/- 0.07 litre kg-1. the satisfactory intramuscular dosage regimen of ... | 1991 | 2047583 |
| temperature modulation of bovine hemoglobins. | the functional properties of hemoglobin from egyptian water buffalo have been characterized as a function of ph, temperature and chloride concentration. alongside overall similarities shared with ox and arctic ruminant hemoglobins, hemoglobin from buffalo shows significant differences with respect to the effect of temperature. the results obtained may suggest that the limited effect of temperature on oxygen binding recently reported for ox hemoglobin could be regarded as an interesting case of a ... | 1991 | 2059223 |
| lactate dehydrogenase in two digenetic trematodes and their host. | polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the two digenetic trematodes, gigantocotyle explanatum from the liver and gastrothylax crumenifer from the rumen of the water buffalo, bubalus bubalis revealed the presence of at least six and seven isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), respectively in a partially purified enzyme preparation. the respective host tissues showed five isoenzymes of ldh, which are characteristic to the vertebrates. both parachloromercuribenzoate and iodoacetate affected the ... | 1990 | 2074142 |
| yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection of buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). | | 1990 | 2090274 |
| mitomycin c-induced sister chromatid exchange in x chromosomes of bovidae. | sister chromatid exchanges (sces) in early- and late-replicating x chromosomes of seven female cattle (bos taurus l.) and five female river buffalo (bubalus bubalis l.) were studied in untreated lymphocytes and lymphocytes treated with mitomycin c (mmc). in the experiment, 577 sces on x chromosomes of mmc-untreated cells and 825 sces on x chromosomes of mmc-treated cells from both species were observed. no significant differences between the number of sces in early- and late-replicating x chromo ... | 1990 | 2110207 |
| outbreak of anthrax in thailand. | an outbreak of anthrax occurred among 14 persons exposed to the meat of two water buffalo which had died from anthrax, in two neighbouring villages in the northeastern region of thailand. all but one case had typical eschars or blisters. three had eaten raw meat; one of them died from gastric anthrax with severe haematemesis. all the others were successfully treated with penicillin. the incubation period varied between two and 11 days. sporadic outbreaks of human and animal anthrax still occur i ... | 1990 | 2124098 |
| [an electron microscopic study of the macro- and microcysts of coccidia in the genus sarcocystis from buffalo]. | two sarcosporidian species from muscles of the water buffalo examined in azerbaijan were studied. the one making macrocysts was identified as s. fusiformis, whereas the other producing microcysts appeared to be not s. levinei as it might have been expected. indeed, the microcysts found in the muscles of the buffalo in the slaughterhouse [correction of slaughtery] of baku differed essentially in morphology of the cyst wall from that of s. levinei, sooner resembling that of s. cruzi from cattle. t ... | 1990 | 2148852 |
| the high resolution g- and r-banding pattern in chromosomes of river buffalo (bubalus bubalis l.). | high resolution g- and r-banding patterns in chromosomes of river buffalo (bubalus bubalis l.) were obtained by using early (g-bands) and late (r-bands) brdu-incorporation in synchronized cell cultures. to better characterize the river buffalo chromosomes, gtg-, gbg-, and rbg-techniques were used. the total number of bands achieved were 490 (207 g-positive, 207 r-positive, 45 variable, and 31 centromeric regions). only one common g- and r-banding nomenclature was reported. the number, position a ... | 1990 | 2211179 |
| triclabendazole in the treatment of fasciola gigantica infection in swamp buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | | 1990 | 2222372 |
| the egg production of toxocara vitulorum in asian buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | the egg production of toxocara vitulorum in asian buffalo has been studied. eggs were first present in the faeces of calves when they were 22.3 +/- 1.6 days old. in calves treated with pyrantel when 3 days old, the age at first patency was extended by 3.5 days indicating that there was no pre-natal transmission. calves on only half the milk of the cow had a significantly longer prepatent period of 27.7 +/- 2.2 days. the peak egg output occurred in calves 35.7 +/- 2.6 days old and had a duration ... | 1990 | 2251745 |
| ethnopharmacology of rhinoceros horn. i: antipyretic effects of rhinoceros horn and other animal horns. | intraperitoneal administration of an aqueous extract of rhinoceros horn at 5, 2.5 and 1 g/ml, showed a significant antipyretic effect in rats with hyperthermia induced by subcutaneous injection of terpentine oil. similar assays with extracts of the horns of saiga antelope, water buffalo and cattle at 5 g/ml also caused a significant drop in fever; however, at 1 g/ml, only saiga antelope horn produced an antipyretic action. | 1990 | 2255207 |
| the influence of repeated oral administration of dichlorvos on circulating esterases in buffalo calves (bubalus bubalis). | alterations in circulating esterases induced by dichlorvos and their reversibility were investigated in male buffalo calves. changes in blood glucose and total plasma proteins were also monitored. animals received 4 or 8 mg dichlorvos/kg/day po for 28 consecutive d. dichlorvos caused dose- and time- dependent significant (p less than 0.01) inactivation of blood esterases. maximal inhibition of plasma cholinesterase (87-94%) and serum carboxylesterase (51-67%) was observed on the 28th day. an inc ... | 1990 | 2264271 |
| toxocara vitulorum in the milk of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) cows. | the duration of excretion of toxocara vitulorum larvae in the milk of buffalo cows determines the optimum time for treating calves. studies on 10 cows showed that a few larvae occur in the colostrum of some cows before the calf has suckled, but most are present from the day after calving and for a further five days. from day 9 onwards, very few larvae were found in the milk. the total number of larvae found was comparable with the number of adult parasites collected from the calves of cows with ... | 1990 | 2267418 |
| the life cycle of toxocara vitulorum in asian buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | a procedure for labelling hatched toxocara vitulorum larvae with 75 selenium is described. labelled larvae are infective when administered into the small intestine and portal vein of buffalo of all ages. only very young calves are infected after oral administration. the labelled larvae are used with an enhanced fluorographic autoradiographic procedure to study the dynamics of the infection in non-pregnant and pregnant buffalo. larvae penetrate the wall of the small intestine between 2 and 8 h af ... | 1990 | 2276859 |
| the sertoli cell of the water buffalo--an electron microscopic study. | the ultrastructure of sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules of water buffaloes before and during sexual maturity was studied by transmission electron microscopy, with emphasis on the intranucleolar vesicular elements. sertoli cells of animals under 12 months of age were distinguished from the germ cells by the presence of electron dense membrane bound bodies within their cytoplasm. these cells, referred to as basal indifferent supporting cells, were probably involved in the phagocytosis and ... | 1990 | 2306676 |
| pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cephalexin in buffalo calves (bubalus bubalis) following single intravenous and intramuscular administration. | | 1990 | 2316194 |
| the ribonuclease from an extinct bovid ruminant. | the sequence of the ribonuclease from the ancestor of swamp buffalo, river buffalo, and ox, corresponding approximately to pachyportax latidens, an extinct ruminant known from the fossil record, has been reconstructed using the rule of 'maximum parsimony'. this protein and two sequences that may have been intermediates in the evolution of modern ribonuclease have been constructed in the laboratory by site-directed mutagenesis, and their properties examined. | 1990 | 2318301 |
| immunohistochemical demonstration of trypanosoma evansi in tissues of experimentally infected rats and a naturally infected water buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | trypanosoma evansi was demonstrated by an immunohistochemical technique in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of experimentally infected rats. trypanosoma evansi was visible readily, nuclei were stained darkly, the cytoplasm was stained moderately, and the cell membranes were delineated clearly. the parasites were present in small- to large-sized blood vessels of all organs, in extravascular spaces of ventricles and neuropil of the brain, and in interstitial tissues of the lung and testes. ... | 1990 | 2319414 |
| pharmacokinetics and plasma protein binding of gentamicin in bubalus bubalis calves. | | 1990 | 2319632 |
| aeromonas sobria in bubaline (water buffalo) abortion: growth requirement, biochemical characters, antibiotic susceptibility, experimental pathogenicity and serology. | a. sobria was isolated unexpectedly on campylobacter selective medium from abortion specimens of 16 buffaloes. all strains (as1-as16) required campylobacter growth supplement (sodium pyruvate, sodium metabisulphate and ferrous sulphate) and 10% c02 atmosphere on primary isolation. they were unusually sensitive to bile salt and failed to grow on macconkey's agar. biochemically, these strains were homogeneous but antibiogram profile and physiological/other characters revealed a moderate heterogene ... | 1990 | 2351419 |
| effects of repeated topical application of dichlorvos on blood enzymes and its toxicity in buffalo calves (bubalus bubalis). | dichlorvos was applied as spray at 1 and 2% concentrations daily for a period of 28 and 21 consecutive days, respectively to buffalo calves. animals sprayed with 1% dichlorvos displayed mild to moderate clinical signs of toxicosis during the 4th week of exposure. the higher concentration (2%) produced clinical signs of poisoning after 12-16 applications, and was lethal to one of three animals. daily spraying of dichlorvos at both concentrations inactivated erythrocyte cholinesterase (che) (15-21 ... | 1990 | 2364259 |
| identification of goat allotypic determinants and generation of goat-mouse hybridomas secreting goat igg2. | five allotypic determinants controlled by independent genes have been identified in goat. of these determinants, four have been detected with alloimmune antisera and one with monoclonal antibodies. the specificities a1, c1 and d1 are lipoproteins; b1 is possibly an alpha 2 macroglobulin and e1 and igg2. the specificity b1 is not expressed until the age of 3-4 months. the gene controlling the specificity e1 is present at about the same frequency (0.38-0.41) in goat, sheep, cattle and water buffal ... | 1990 | 2386313 |
| the hk/lk polymorphism of erythrocyte cation content in two wild species of east african bovids: demonstrated in wildebeest but not in african buffalo. | concentrations of k and na were determined in erythrocytes from wildebeest and african buffalo resident in tanzania. the object was to determine if these species possess the hk/lk polymorphism which is typical of other bovid species, but not of other mammals. the polymorphism is characterized by individuals that are either of the hk phenotype (high k and low na concentrations in red cells) or lk phenotype (low k and high na concentrations in red cells). wildebeest were shown to be polymorphic, w ... | 1990 | 2386314 |
| studies of experimental jembrana disease in bali cattle. i. transmission and persistence of the infectious agent in ruminants and pigs, and resistance of recovered cattle to re-infection. | the agent causing jembrana disease, an enzootic disease of bos javanicus (bali cattle) occurring in bali, indonesia, was shown to occur at high titres in the blood of animals during the febrile period of the disease and to persist in cattle for 25 months after clinical recovery. during the febrile period of the disease, most of the infectious agent appeared to be associated with the plasma fraction of whole blood. there was a linear relationship between the number of organisms inoculated into su ... | 1990 | 2394846 |
| biochemical variations in endometrium during oestrous cycle in buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | | 1988 | 2463819 |
| [light optical and electron microscopic study of the cystic stages in sarcocystis fusiformis from the buffalo]. | three different cell types are distinguished in the sarcocysts of sarcocystis fusiformis from the water buffalo: metrocytes, intermediate cells, and merozoites. the former lines the cyst near the border, the two latter lie more inside forming groups of cells separated from each other by septae. the pattern of metrocyte division giving rise to another metrocyte population has not been observed, still remaining obscure. merozoites do not divide asexually due to their gamont nature to be realized i ... | 1989 | 2470012 |
| mouse monoclonal antibodies detect an allotypic determinant common to several ruminant species. | a monoclonal antibody against goat immunoglobulins recognizes an allotypic determinant (a1) which is common to goat, sheep, cattle and water buffalo. the frequency of the corresponding gene (a') is about the same in all four species, indicating the existence of a polymorphism that remained stable over a period of about 18-20 million years. | 1989 | 2473027 |
| contamination of bovine (buffalo, bubalus bubalis (l.)) milk from indoor use of ddt and hch in malaria control programmes. | samples of bovine (buffalo, bubalus bubalis (l.)) milk collected from randomly selected houses of ludhiana and sangrur districts of punjab, india, where ddt and hch, respectively, had been sprayed for the control of malaria, were analysed for insecticide residues between september 1985 and june 1986. the average concentration of ddt residues in samples from the ddt sprayed area were approximately 4-12 times higher than those in the corresponding samples from hch sprayed areas. mean levels of hch ... | 1989 | 2480640 |
| biochemistry of the various fractions of sarcocysts of sarcocystis fusiformis of buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | a comparative biochemical study on the various fractions (cyst wall, cyst fluid and zoites) of the sarcocysts of sarcocystis fusiformis from oesophageal muscles of naturally infected indian water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) was carried out. the study included analysis for glycogen, glucose, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, total lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides and fatty acids. the pattern and the distribution of various biochemical constituents varied in the different fractions. the ce ... | 1989 | 2499091 |
| electrophoretic separation of the soluble proteins of different fractions of the sarcocyst of sarcocystis fusiformis of buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | the electrophoretic fractionation of the various compounds of the soluble proteins in the cyst wall (cw), cyst fluid (cf) and zoites (zt) of the sarcocyst of sarcocystis fusiformis from buffalo (bubalus bubalis) was studied by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. the cw fraction was found to contain at least six components, and zt and cf contained at least four components with varied rf values. each gel was subjected to the gel scanner, and the corresponding areas of the peaks along with the ... | 1989 | 2505432 |
| ultrastructure of sarcocysts from water buffalo in india. | the ultrastructure of sarcocysts of macro- and microscopic species of sarcocystis was compared from naturally infected water buffalo from india. grossly visible sarcocysts had walls consisting of cauliflower-like villar protrusions, typical of s. fusiformis. the sarcocyst wall of the microscopic species of sarcocystis was 6.4 microns thick and consisted of tightly packed conical villar protrusions that were 9.6 microns long and 3.7 microns wide at the base. at approximately 3 microns above the b ... | 1989 | 2511659 |
| studies on activation and levels of haemolytic complement of buffalo (bubalus bubalis). 1. classical complement pathway. | optimum conditions for haemolytic complement (hc) assay in buffalo serum were standardized. in all, 11 indicator systems of red blood cells (rbc) and haemolysins were investigated. maximum hc ch50 titre was obtained with rabbit rbc sensitized with goat haemolysin. the effect of ph, ca2+ and mg2+ concentration, ionic strength, time and temperature were studied. of all the variables, ionic strength influenced the hc activity most significantly. the standard system for titrating the hc consisted of ... | 1989 | 2516927 |
| schistosoma mansoni: on the possibility of indian buffalo (bubalus bubalis) being experimentally infected. | male indian buffalo (bubalus bubalis) calves were submitted to schistosoma mansoni infection by percutaneous, oral and subcutaneous routes. no worms or eggs were found in four of the animals tested. bubalus bubalis appears to be refractory for s. mansoni. | 1989 | 2518610 |
| calmodulin-like protein in buffalo (bubalus bubalis) seminal plasma and its effect on sperm ca++, mg++-atpase. | a calmodulin-like protein (clp) has been identified in buffalo (bubalus bubalis) seminal plasma and partially characterized. it was heat stable and had properties similar to those of the calcium-binding protein, calmodulin. it is present in relatively high concentrations in buffalo seminal plasma. when added to buffalo red-blood cell plasma membrane (rbc ghosts) it increased ca++, mg++-atpase activity by 112%. the activation is counteracted by chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine, the anti-calmodu ... | 1989 | 2524448 |
| reticulo-ruminal motility in cattle (bos indicus) and water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) fed a low quality roughage diet. | 1. the effect of a and b sequence contractions of the reticulo-rumen on passage rate of digesta was compared in buffaloes and cattle fed low quality rhodes grass. 2. both species ate the same amount per unit body weight but buffaloes spent 53% more time ruminating than cattle. 3. buffaloes had fewer a and b sequence contractions each day and the rate of these contractions during eating, ruminating and at rest were slower. 4. a larger pool of fine feed particles in the rumen of buffaloes, generat ... | 1989 | 2575949 |
| effects of exogenous urea infusion on glucose metabolism in acute heat stressed swamp buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). | the effects of intravenous urea infusion on glucose turnover, glucose carbon recycling, glucose pool size and glucose clearance were studied in buffaloes kept in either normal ambient temperature or acute heat exposure. heat stressed animals showed increases in glucose turnover rate, plasma glucose concentration and glucose clearance but decreased glucose carbon recycling. a marked reduction of glucose turnover and glucose clearance associated with increased plasma glucose concentration in heat ... | 1989 | 2590823 |
| milk production in lactating buffalo receiving recombinantly produced bovine somatotropin. | thirty healthy murrah buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in their second to fourth lactations were selected from the herd at the national dairy research institute, karnal, haryana, india, for use in a 35-d study to determine the effects of recombinantly produced bovine somatotropin on milk production, milk composition, and dry matter intake. treatments were daily injections of 0, 25, or 50 mg somatotropin per animal for 14 d. all buffalo consumed green chopped fodder ad libitum plus a predetermined quant ... | 1989 | 2592642 |
| water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) hemoglobins: an electrophoretic and chromatographic study. | 1. hemoglobins from three phenotypes of italian water buffalo (bubalus bubalis), named aa, ab and bb, were selected by starch gel electrophoresis at alkaline ph and analyzed using polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing and subsequent analysis of titration curves to reveal differences between two types of hemoglobin identified as hb fast and hb slow. 2. globins from hb fast and hb slow were purified by fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc). electrophoretic differences were found in the respe ... | 1989 | 2598637 |
| effect of vitamin e on lipid peroxidation in buffalo bubalus bubalis l. | vitamin e significantly (p less than 0.01), inhibited lipid peroxidation as indicated by malonaldehyde (mda) production and improved significantly (p less than 0.01) motility and percent live spermatazoa of b. bubalis semen. bulls with higher mda formation had lower sperm motility and percent live count. variance due to bulls for all the three parameters were significant (p less than 0.05). | 1989 | 2606516 |
| fungi isolated from lymph nodes of buffaloes. | a preliminary study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence of fungi in various lymph nodes of domestic buffaloes (bubalus bubalis), subjected to slaughter for human consumption at a local abattoir. fungi could be demonstrated in 6 out 42 specimens when examined by mycological techniques. molds were represented by 5 isolates viz., aspergillus fumigatus (2), a. flavus, a. niger and a. terreus. candida tropicalis was the only yeast isolate recovered from the lymph node. the significance of fu ... | 1989 | 2615782 |
| lipid peroxidation in buffalo (bubalus bubalis l.) spermatozoa: effect of added vitamin c and glucose. | addition of 2.5 mm vitamin c or 40 mm of glucose to washed buffalo spermatozoan suspensions in ca2(+)-free kreb's ringer hanseliet saline buffer (ph 7.0) resulted in significant lower malonaldehyde concentration and higher spermatozoan motility and liver spermatozoa compared to control levels after 45 min of aerobic incubation at 37 degrees c or pre-incubation levels. | 1989 | 2620926 |
| identification of crossbred buffalo genotypes and their chromosome segregation patterns. | chromosome analysis on different breed types of water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) was undertaken to identify their karyotypes and to determine the pattern of chromosome segregation in crossbred water buffaloes. altogether, 75 purebred and 198 crossbred buffaloes including 118 from malaysia and 80 from the philippines, were analyzed in this study. the diploid chromosome number of the swamp buffalo from both countries was 48 and that of the river buffalo was 50, while all f1 hybrids exhibited 49 c ... | 1989 | 2628159 |
| plasma progesterone concentration and reproductive function relative to thyroid activity in postpartum buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). | the lowest value for plasma protein bound iodine (pbi) (3.47 micrograms %) in 20 freshly calved murrah buffaloes was observed on day 1 postpartum. the values then increased consistently up to day 36 and were almost constant thereafter. the plasma progesterone concentrations were lower in animals with relatively low pbi from day 22 to 57 postpartum, except on day 36. the mean values +/- se (ng/ml) in the high and low pbi groups were 0.93 +/- 0.09 and 0.72 +/- 0.15. the correlation coefficient bet ... | 1989 | 2631379 |
| the periurethral glandular complex in the water buffalo: an ultrastructural, histological and lectin-histochemical study. | the periurethral glandular complex of the male water buffalo consists of a prostate body (not always present), a disseminate prostate and paired bulbourethral glands. the epithelium contains two types of columnar secretory cells and occasional basal cells. type i secretory cells produce glycoprotein with a wide range of terminal sugars, these cells dominate in the cranial region of the periurethral glandular complex, whereas type ii secretory cells elaborate a mixture of carboxylated and sulphat ... | 1989 | 2631919 |
| bivens arm virus: a new rhabdovirus isolated from culicoides insignis in florida and related to tibrogargan virus of australia. | during field studies in 1981 on the transmission of bluetongue viruses in ruminants in florida, a virus was isolated from culicoides insignis collected near water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) recently imported from trinidad. electron microscopy showed that this isolate, for which the name bivens arm virus is proposed, has rhabdovirus morphology. serologic comparisons were made with recognized rhabdoviruses from terrestrial vertebrates and hematophagous arthropods. indirect fluorescent antibody, com ... | 1989 | 2650459 |
| haematological changes in buffalo calves inoculated with escherichia coli endotoxin and corticosteroids. | haematological studies were conducted on 10 clinically normal water buffalo calves to determine leucocytic responses to escherichia coli endotoxin, prednisolone and dexamethasone. intravenous injection of 10 micrograms endotoxin induced minimal decreases in leucocyte numbers, whereas 20, 50 and 100 micrograms produced a marked leucopenia within one hour. moderate to marked leucopenia, neutropenia and lymphopenia persisted for three to 14 hours. significant rebound neutrophilia was evident at six ... | 1989 | 2687989 |
| present status of embryo transfer in water buffalo (a review). | | 1989 | 2693791 |
| clinical and pathological responses of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) to experimental infection with bovine ephemeral fever virus--chinese strain. | | 1989 | 2695032 |
| disposition kinetics of 2-pyridine aldoxime methochloride in bubalus bubalis. | | 1989 | 2704055 |
| toxocara vitulorum: treatment based on the duration of the infectivity of buffalo cows (bubalus bubalis) for their calves. | treatment of buffalo calves (bubalus bubalis) at different times after birth demonstrated that transmission of toxocara vitulorum from the cow to the calf via milk occurs in all calves during the first 2 days after birth, decreases to 53% by 6 days, 10% by 8-9 days and 2% from day 10 onwards. this may be because the larvae are no longer in the milk or because the calf has become resistant to the establishment of a new infection. the result also emphasizes the importance of mammary transmission o ... | 1989 | 2704061 |