| an effective degumming enzyme from bacillus sp. y1 and synergistic action of hydrogen peroxide and protease on enzymatic degumming of ramie fibers. | enzymatic degumming, as an alternative to chemical processing, has attracted wide attention. however, to date, little information about other enzyme components with effective degumming except pectinase has been reported, and there is no report about the effect of bleaching agent (h2o2) on enzymatic degumming and combining enzymatic degumming and h2o2 bleaching process. in this study, we found that the crude enzyme of wild-type bacillus sp. y1 had a powerful and fast degumming ability. its pgl ac ... | 2013 | 23586022 |
| development and characterization of 1,827 expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeat markers for ramie (boehmeria nivea l. gaud). | ramie (boehmeria nivea l. gaud) is one of the most important natural fiber crops, and improvement of fiber yield and quality is the main goal in efforts to breed superior cultivars. however, efforts aimed at enhancing the understanding of ramie genetics and developing more effective breeding strategies have been hampered by the shortage of simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. in our previous study, we had assembled de novo 43,990 expressed sequence tags (ests). in the present study, we searched ... | 2013 | 23565230 |
| effects of selenium and silicon on enhancing antioxidative capacity in ramie (boehmeria nivea (l.) gaud.) under cadmium stress. | hydroponic experiments were performed to investigate the ameliorating effects and mitigation mechanisms of selenium and silicon on cd toxicity in boehmeria nivea (l.) gaud. metal accumulation, chlorophyll content, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and antioxidant contents in ramie were evaluated. the results revealed that cadmium was mainly accumulated in the roots of plants rather than in the aerial parts. additionally, under 5 mg l(-1) cd stress, both se (1 μmol l(-1)) and si (1 mmol l(-1)) t ... | 2015 | 25666476 |
| comparative proteome analysis of the response of ramie under n, p and k deficiency. | ramie is an important natural fiber. there has been little research on the molecular mechanisms of ramie related to the absorption, utilization and metabolism of nitrogen (n), phosphorus (p) and potassium (k). one approach to reveal the mechanisms of n, p and k (npk) utilization and metabolism in ramie is comparative proteome analysis. the differentially expressed proteins in the leaves of ramie were analyzed by proteome analysis after 6 days of n- and k-deficient treatments and 3 days of p-defi ... | 2014 | 24573224 |
| agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and regeneration of transgenic plants using leaf midribs as explants in ramie [boehmeria nivea (l.) gaud]. | in this study, leaf midribs, the elite explants, were used for the first time to develop an efficient regeneration and transformation protocol for ramie [boehmeria nivea (l.) gaud.] via agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. sensitivity of leaf midribs regeneration to kanamycin was evaluated, which showed that 40 mg l(-1) was the optimal concentration needed to create the necessary selection pressure. factors affecting the ramie transformation efficiency were evaluated, including leaf ag ... | 2014 | 24488319 |
| transcriptome profiling and identification of transcription factors in ramie (boehmeria nivea l. gaud) in response to peg treatment, using illumina paired-end sequencing technology. | ramie (boehmeria nivea l. gaud), commonly known as china grass, is a perennial bast fiber plant of the urticaceae. in china, ramie farming, industry, and trade provide income for about five million people. drought stress severely affects ramie stem growth and causes a dramatic decrease in ramie fiber production. there is a need to enhance ramie's tolerance to drought stress. however, the drought stress regulatory mechanism in ramie remains unknown. water stress imposed by polyethylene glycol (pe ... | 2015 | 25658800 |
| variability of cadmium, lead, and zinc tolerance and accumulation among and between germplasms of the fiber crop boehmeria nivea with different root-types. | crop germplasms substantially vary in their tolerance for and accumulation of heavy metals, and assessment of this variability plays a significant role in selecting species to use in phytoremediation projects. here, we examined germplasm-variations in cadmium (cd), lead (pb), and zinc (zn) tolerance and accumulation in ramie (boehmeria nivea), a fiber crop native to china, which has received little attention. in an 8-week greenhouse test, fourteen germplasms of ramie, among and within deep, midd ... | 2015 | 25948381 |
| [determination of cotton content in cotton/ramie blended fabric by nir spectra and variable selection methods]. | rapid detection of textile fiber components is very important for production process of quality control, trading and market surveillance. the objective of this research was to assess cotton content in cotton/ramie blended fabric quickly by near infrared (nir) spectrum technology and variable selection methods. reflectance spectra of samples were acquired by a nirflex n-500 fourier spectroscopy in the range of 4000~10,000 cm(-1), primary election of spectral range and pretreatment analysis were c ... | 2014 | 25881419 |
| poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) brushes grafted from cellulose nanocrystals via surface-initiated single-electron transfer living radical polymerization. | cellulose nanocrystals (cncs) or nanowhiskers produced from sulfuric acid hydrolysis of ramie fibers were used as substrates for surface chemical functionalization with thermoresponsive macromolecules. the cncs were grafted with poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) brushes via surface-initiated single-electron transfer living radical polymerization (si-set-lrp) under various conditions at room temperature. the grafting process was confirmed via fourier transform ir spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron sp ... | 2010 | 20843063 |
| [chemical constituents from leaves of boehmeria nivea]. | to study the chemical constituents from the leaves of boehmeria nivea. | 2010 | 20822015 |
| toward stronger transcrystalline layers in poly(l-lactic acid)/natural fiber biocomposites with the aid of an accelerator of chain mobility. | formation of transcrystalline layer probably enhances the interfacial adhesion of poly(l-lactic acid) (plla)/natural fiber biocomposites as confirmed by this work. we found that a crystallization accelerator, poly(ethylene glycol) (peg), improved chain mobility of plla and thus enhanced the growth kinetics of ramie fiber-induced transcrystallinity (tc). the direct observation of polarized optical microscopy during isothermal crystallization revealed that large-sized tc with rapid growth was prod ... | 2014 | 24298881 |
| reinforcement of denture base resin with short vegetable fiber. | short ramie fibers were selected to investigate the effect of fiber length and volume fraction on the flexural properties of ramie fiber reinforced denture base pmma. with the aid of measured interfacial shear strength and theoretical prediction values, experimental results were well interpreted. | 2013 | 24144826 |
| preparation of activated carbon hollow fibers from ramie at low temperature for electric double-layer capacitor applications. | activated carbon hollow fibers (achfs) with high surface area were prepared from inexpensive, renewable ramie fibers (rfs) by a single-step activation method under lower temperature than that of other reports. the effects of activation conditions on the pore structure and turbostratic structure of achfs were investigated systematically. the results show that achfs surface area decreased but micropore volume and conductivity increased as the increase of activation temperature and activation time. ... | 2013 | 24084201 |
| identification of drought stress-responsive transcription factors in ramie (boehmeria nivea l. gaud). | ramie fiber extracted from stem bark is one of the most important natural fibers. drought is a main environment stress which severely inhibits the stem growth of ramie and leads to a decrease of the fiber yield. the drought stress-regulatory mechanism of ramie is poorly understood. | 2013 | 24020723 |
| cryphodera sinensis n. sp. (nematoda: heteroderidae), a non-cyst-forming parasitic nematode from the root of ramie boehmeria nivea in china. | cryphodera sinensis n. sp. is described from ramie (boehmeria nivea) based on the morphology and molecular analyses of rrna small subunit (ssu), d2d3 expansion domains of large subunit (lsu d2d3) and internal transcribed spacer (its). this new species is characterized by oval females with a distinct subcrystalline layer and pronounced and protruding vulval lip, distinctly concave vulva-anus profile and a vulva-anus distance of 29.5-35.8 μm. males possess two annuli in the lip region, a stylet 27 ... | 2014 | 23782683 |
| pickering emulsions stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals grafted with thermo-responsive polymer brushes. | cellulose nanocrystals (cncs) from ramie fibers are studied as stabilizers of oil-in-water emulsions. the phase behavior of heptane and water systems is studied, and emulsions stabilized by cncs are analyzed by using drop sizing (light scattering) and optical, scanning, and freeze-fracture electron microscopies. water-continuous pickering emulsions are produced with cellulose nanocrystals (0.05-0.5 wt%) grafted with thermo-responsive poly(nipam) brushes (poly(nipam)-g-cncs). they are observed to ... | 2012 | 22204973 |
| art, class and gender in joseon dynasty korea: representations of lower-class women by the scholar-painter yun duseo. | this paper examines several pioneering genre paintings by the important scholar painter yun duseo (1668-1715), with its focus on their artistic sources which have not yet been explored so far. painted on ramie, 'women picking potherbs' is one of the most intriguing examples among yun duseo's oeuvre, which encompasses a broad variety of themes, including genre imagery, landscapes, portraits, dragons, and horses. even among yun duseo's genre paintings, 'women picking potherbs' is extraordinary, as ... | 2011 | 22171413 |
| a method for determining reactive hydroxyl groups in natural fibers: application to ramie fiber and its modification. | the hydrophilic features of natural fibers (nfs) hinder the widespread application of natural fiber/polymer composites due to the hydroxyl groups (-oh) presented in the cellulose molecule. detecting reactive hydroxyl groups in nfs is very important for optimizing the modification process of natural fibers. this paper proposes a simple and practical methodology to measure reactive hydroxyl groups in nfs using a isocyanate group, a method we term the isocyanate group back titration (ibt) method. a ... | 2012 | 22099251 |
| robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy is equivalent to thoracoscopic minimally invasive esophagectomy. | the use of the surgical robot has been increasing in thoracic surgery. its three-dimensional view and instruments with surgical wrists may provide advantages over traditional thoracoscopic techniques. our initial experience with thoracoscopic robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (ramie) for esophageal cancer was compared with our traditional thoracoscopic minimally invasive esophagectomy (mie) approach for esophageal cancer. a retrospective review of a prospective database was perform ... | 2012 | 21899652 |
| from interfacial ring-opening polymerization to melt processing of cellulose nanowhisker-filled polylactide-based nanocomposites. | in the present work, cellulose nanowhiskers (cnws), extracted from ramie fibers, were incorporated in polylactide (pla)-based composites. prior to the blending, pla chains were chemically grafted on the surface of cnw to enhance the compatibilization between cnw and the hydrophobic polyester matrix. ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide was initiated from the hydroxyl groups available at the cnw surface to yield cnw-g-pla nanohybrids. pla-based nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending to ... | 2011 | 21623629 |
| construction of flame retardant nanocoating on ramie fabric via layer-by-layer assembly of carbon nanotube and ammonium polyphosphate. | a new flame retardant nanocoating has been constructed by the alternate adsorption of polyelectrolyte amino-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube (mwnt-nh2) and ammonium polyphosphate (app) onto flexible and porous ramie fabric. scanning electron microscopy indicates that the adsorbed carbon nanotube coating is a randomly oriented and overlapped network structure, which is a promising candidate for flame retardancy applications. attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectrosc ... | 2013 | 23459988 |
| three new fatty acids from the roots of boehmeria nivea (l.) gaudich and their antifungal activities. | three new unsaturated fatty acids, (z)-9,10,11-trihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid (1), (z)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-10-hexadecenoic acid (2) and (z)-12-keto-7,8,9-trihydroxy-10-hexadecenoic acid (3) were isolated from the roots of boehmeria nivea (l.) gaudich, along with a known unsaturated fatty acid, (e)-8,11,12-trihydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid (4). the structures of the new compounds were established by hr esi-ms, (1)h, (13)c, 2d ((1)h-(1)h cosy, hsqc, hmbc) nmr experiments. the known compound was identif ... | 2011 | 21409726 |
| development and validation of molecular markers for characterization of boehmeria nivea var. nivea and boehmeria nivea var. tenacissima. | the root of boehmeria spp (ramie) is a hepatoprotective chinese herbal medicine. medicinal properties vary between boehmeria nivea var. nivea and boehmeria nivea var. tenacissima, which are local species found in taiwan. as commercial preparations may use either species, there is a need for a rapid and simple assay to identify variants for quality control. | 2010 | 21114822 |
| [discrimination of bamboo fiber and ramie fiber by near infrared spectroscopy]. | the research on discrimination of natural bamboo fiber, bamboo pulp fibers and ramie fiber used in textile was demonstrated by near infrared (nir) spectroscopy. first, the spectra of three kinds of fiber were scanned by nir spectrometer. then, the spectral data were pretreated by first derivatives. in the end, the databases and discriminating model of natural bamboo fiber, bamboo pulp fibers and ramie fiber were built. the kind of unknown fiber can be discriminated by the nir model. the results ... | 2010 | 21105396 |
| effects of concentrations of sodium chloride on photosynthesis, antioxidative enzymes, growth and fiber yield of hybrid ramie. | ramie (boehmeria nivea l.) is one of the oldest and most important fiber crops in china due to the comfortable textile of its fine fiber. increased ramie fiber demand brings ramie cultivation to salt-affected regions. the aim of this research was to determine morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of ramie by subjecting plants to varying concentrations of nacl (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g nacl/kg dry soil) at vigorous growth stage for 10 and 20 days. results indicated that salinity stress ... | 2014 | 24486583 |
| pyrolysis of ramie residue: kinetic study and fuel gas produced in a cyclone furnace. | the thermal decomposition behavior of ramie residue (rr) and the characteristics of fuel gas produced in a cyclone furnace were studied. the pyrolysis kinetics was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (tga) at heating rates of 5-20°c/min. the results showed that rr mainly decomposed between 250 and 390°c, and the apparent activation energy ranged from 200 to 258 kj/mol. in the cyclone furnace, fast pyrolysis, partial combustion and gasification occurred almost simultaneously, and the th ... | 2011 | 21094601 |
| a procedure for identifying textile bast fibres using microscopy: flax, nettle/ramie, hemp and jute. | identifying and distinguishing between natural textile fibres is an important task in both archaeology and criminology. wool, silk and cotton fibres can readily be distinguished from the textile bast fibres flax, nettle/ramie, hemp and jute. distinguishing between the bast fibres is, however, not easily done and methods based on surface characteristics, chemical composition and cross section size and shape are not conclusive. a conclusive method based on x-ray microdiffraction exists, but as the ... | 2010 | 20462699 |
| de novo assembly and characterization of transcriptome using illumina paired-end sequencing and identification of cesa gene in ramie (boehmeria nivea l. gaud). | ramie fiber, extracted from vegetative organ stem bast, is one of the most important natural fibers. understanding the molecular mechanisms of the vegetative growth of the ramie and the formation and development of bast fiber is essential for improving the yield and quality of the ramie fiber. however, only 418 expressed tag sequences (ests) of ramie deposited in public databases are far from sufficient to understand the molecular mechanisms. thus, high-throughput transcriptome sequencing is ess ... | 2013 | 23442184 |
| combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy using a four-arm platform: experience, technique and cautions during early procedure development. | this study reports an early, single-institution experience of combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (ramie) using a four-arm robotic platform, with special attention given to the pitfalls and complications during procedure development. | 2013 | 23371971 |
| nitrogen removal of ramie stalk treated by acid wastewater combined with clostridium thermocellum and the kinetic study of pyrolysis. | a pretreatment was developed to remove nitrogen from ramie residue and cotton stalk to eliminate potential nitrogen pollutants in biomass energy production. in the pretreatment, straw was treated with acid wastewater from bioleaching for 3 h followed by clostridium thermocellum incubation for 2 h. most nitrogen was removed from biomass waste and the major was that in protein. pyrolysis process revealed most hemicellulose was removed and the kinetics fitted the first-order equation well. apparent ... | 2013 | 23220819 |
| mirnas expression profile in bast of ramie elongation phase and cell wall thickening and end wall dissolving phase. | micrornas (mirnas) are 20-24 nucleotide long non-coding rnas that play critical regulatory roles during plant development, organ morphogenesis, and cell fate determination and differentiation. in this study, mirna microarray chips were used to explore the expression profile of ramie mirnas between the bast of fiber elongation phase and those of cell wall thickening and end wall dissolving phase. there are 150 and 148 credible mirnas in the bast of fiber elongation phase and cell wall thickening ... | 2014 | 24385297 |
| mechanical, thermal, and interfacial properties of green composites with ramie fiber and soy resins. | fully biodegradable, green composites were fabricated with ramie fibers and modified soy flour (msf) resin. defatted soy flour (sf) was modified by a lab-scale filtration system to improve its mechanical, interfacial, and thermal properties through increasing the protein content. the protein content of sf was increased from 53.1 to 67.5% by filtering out soluble sugars using a microfiber-based filter. tensile stress and young's modulus of msf resins were 35.5 and 1411.7 mpa, respectively, which ... | 2010 | 20405944 |
| ft raman microscopy of untreated natural plant fibres. | the application of ft-raman microscopy to the non-destructive analysis of natural plant fibres is demonstrated with samples of flax, jute, ramie, cotton, kapok, sisal and coconut fibre. vibrational assignments are proposed and characteristic features of each material are presented. samples were not pre-treated chemically before analysis and were used directly from their respective storage collection; the adaptation of the raman microscopic technique to the identification of specimens of natural ... | 1997 | 9477578 |
| evaluation of antiglycosidase and anticholinesterase activities of boehmeria nivea. | in this era, major community worldwide is suffering from diabetes type ii, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. to overcome these diseases, in the screening of korean medicinal plants, we studied the whole plant of boehmeria nivea (b. nivea). the methanolic leaf, stem and root extracts of b. nivea and their respective n-hexane, methylene chloride (ch(2)cl(2)), ethyl acetate (etoac), n-butanol (buoh) and aqueous fractions were investigated for their total phenolic content (tpc), 1,1-diphenyl-2 ... | 2010 | 20363706 |
| [chemical constituents of the root of boehmeira nivea (l.) gaud]. | three compounds were isolated from the root of boehmeria nivea and elucidated according to their spectroscopic data as beta-sitosterol, daucosterol and 19 alpha-hydroxyursolic acid. they are obtained from the herb for the first time. | 1996 | 9642395 |
| pectinolytic enzymes from actinomycetes for the degumming of ramie bast fibers. | actinomycetes isolated from 10 different soil and compost samples were screened for production of pectinolytic enzyme activities when grown on pectin-containing solid and liquid media. pectinolytic enzymes, detected by using plate diffusion tests with a medium containing ramie (boehmeria nivea) plant material as the sole carbon source, were mainly pectate lyases, but low activities of pectinesterases were also observed. polygalacturonases and polymethylgalacturonases were not produced. multiple ... | 1994 | 16349296 |
| ramie (boehmeria nivea) pollen-induced bronchial asthma and allergenic cross-reactivity of ramie and parietaria. | ramie (boehmeria nivea), a plant of the urticaceae family, is widely distributed in the nagasaki area, and has been established to be a cause of asthma. the rate of positive reactions to ramie in intradermal tests was 11.7% among adult asthmatic patients in the nagasaki area. in this study, 10 patients were positive in provocation tests using ramie pollen. ramie pollen-specific ige antibodies were measured by elisa, with the positive provocation test group showing higher o.d. values than the pos ... | 1993 | 8323464 |
| easy alignment and effective nucleation activity of ramie fibers in injection-molded poly(lactic acid) biocomposites. | the poly(lactic acid) (pla)/ramie fiber biocomposites were fabricated, which exhibited considerable reinforcement effect comparable to the glass fiber at the same loading. the attempts were made to understand the flow-induced morphology of ramie fibers and pla crystals in the injection-molded pla/ramie fiber biocomposites, thus revealing its relationship to biocomposite mechanical properties. the polarized optical microscopy (pom) and two-dimensional wide-angle x-ray diffraction (2d-waxd) were f ... | 2012 | 22806502 |
| polyester-grafted cellulose nanowhiskers: a new approach for tuning the microstructure of immiscible polyester blends. | cellulose nanowhiskers (cnw), extracted from ramie fibers by sulfuric acid hydrolysis, were used as substrates to compatibilize binary polyester blends containing 50/50 (w/w) polycaprolactone (pcl) and polylactide (pla). to tailor their interfacial energy and fine-tune their adhesion with the components of the blend, cnw were subjected to different surface polyester grafting by the means of ring-opening polymerization. pcl and pla homopolyesters as well as p(cl-b-la) diblock copolymers were succ ... | 2012 | 22738142 |
| optimization of pan bread prepared with ramie powder and preservation of optimized pan bread treated by gamma irradiation during storage. | this study was conducted to develop an optimal composite recipe for pan bread with ramie powder that has high sensory approval with all age groups and to estimate the dpph radical scavenging activity and the pan bread shelf life after gamma irradiation. the sensory evaluation results showed significant differences in flavor (p<0.05), appearance (p<0.01), color (p<0.01), moistness (p<0.01), and overall quality (p<0.05) based on the amount of ramie powder added. as a result, the optimum formulatio ... | 2012 | 24471063 |
| prosthetic limb sockets from plant-based composite materials. | there is a considerable demand for lower limb prostheses globally due to vascular disease, war, conflict, land mines and natural disasters. conventional composite materials used for prosthetic limb sockets include acrylic resins, glass and carbon fibres, which produce harmful gasses and dust in their manufacture. | 2012 | 22307862 |
| [extraction of cd by ramie from soils as affected by applications of chelators and peat]. | pot experiments were performed to study the effectiveness of chelators (edta, citric acid) and peat in enhancing phyremediation of heavy metal cd by ramie. the results showed that peat increased the ramie's biomass by improving soil's physical and chemical properties, and the relative yields of peat alone, chelators(edta, citric acid) combined with peat were 1.23, 1.13 and 1.41 respectively. so the combination of citric acid and peat was more useful for growth of the ramie. as far as improving c ... | 2009 | 19927838 |
| isolation of high quality rna and construction of a suppression subtractive hybridization library from ramie (boehmeria nivea l. gaud.). | isolation of high quality rna from ramie (boehmeria nivea l. gaud.) is difficult due to its high levels of polyphenols, polysaccharides, pectin, fat, wax and other secondary metabolites. a modified procedure based on guanidinium isothiocyanate for rna preparation of ramie was developed in this study. high concentrations (5%, v/v) of guanidinium isothiocyanate, pvp-4000, sodium citrate and sodium lauryl sarcosinate and beta-mercaptoethanol were used in the extraction buffer, together with a low p ... | 2010 | 19680788 |
| [cloning and expression of atp6 and atp9 genes from ramie (boehmeria nivea (l.) gaud.) and their relationship with cytoplasmic male sterility]. | the atp6 and apt9 gene fragments associated with cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) were cloned from the mitochondrial dna of a ramie (boehmeria nivea (l.) gaud.) cytoplasmic male sterile line and its maintainer and restorer lines using pcr and degenerated primer strategy. the primers were designed according to the reserved sequences in the encoding region of mitochondrial genes atp6 and atp9 of some dicotyledons from genbank. these fragments did not have complete encoding region but showed the ho ... | 2008 | 19073559 |
| difference of toxicity and accumulation of methylated and inorganic arsenic in arsenic-hyperaccumulating and -hypertolerant plants. | the arsenic (as) hyperaccumulators, pteris vittata and pteris cretica and an as-tolerant plant boehmeria nivea, were selected to compare the toxicity, uptake, and transportation of inorganic arsenate (as(v)) and its methylated counterpart dimethylarsinic acid (dma). the xanes method was used to elucidate the effect of as species transformation on as toxicity and accumulation characteristics. significantly higher toxicity and lower accumulation of dmathan inorganic as(v) was shown in the as hyper ... | 2008 | 18754355 |
| highly filled bionanocomposites from functionalized polysaccharide nanocrystals. | cellulose and starch nanocrystals obtained from the acid hydrolysis of ramie fibers and waxy maize starch granules, respectively, were subjected to isocyanate-mediated reaction to graft polycaprolactone (pcl) chains with various molecular weights on their surface. grafted nanoparticles were characterized by x-ray diffraction analysis and contact angle measurements. we observed that the nanoparticles kept their initial morphological integrity and native crystallinity. nanocomposite films were pro ... | 2008 | 18510360 |
| langmuir-blodgett films of cellulose nanocrystals: preparation and characterization. | the goal of this work is the preparation of monolayers of cellulose i nanocrystals providing flat crystalline cellulose surfaces. suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals were prepared by hydrolyzing ramie and tunicin fibers with sulfuric acid. due to surface grafted sulfate groups, the negatively charged, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals were found to form stable layers at the air-water interface in the presence of a cationic amphiphilic molecule such as dioctadecyldimethylammonium (doda) used in t ... | 2007 | 17897660 |
| cadmium-induced oxidative stress and response of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in bechmeria nivea (l.) gaud. | bechmeria nivea (l.) gaud. (ramie) seedlings subjected to a series of cadmium (cd) concentrations (0, 1, 3 and 7 mg l(-1)) over a 10d period were investigated with regard to the uptake and distribution of cd, its effect on membrane lipid and chlorophyll synthesis, and response of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in both leaves and roots. increased cd level in the medium resulted in a significant enhancement of cd concentration in tested plants, with most accumulation in roots. ramie under cd stre ... | 2007 | 17532363 |
| population structure of the classic period maya. | this study examines the population structure of classic period (a.d. 250-900) maya populations through analysis of odontometric variation of 827 skeletons from 12 archaeological sites in mexico, guatemala, belize, and honduras. the hypothesis that isolation by distance characterized classic period maya population structure is tested using relethford and blangero's (hum biol 62 (1990) 5-25) approach to r matrix analysis for quantitative traits. these results provide important biological data for ... | 2007 | 17205548 |
| orientation of native cellulose in an electric field. | native cellulose has been oriented in an ac electric field at both the macroscopic and colloidal level. ramie fiber fragments suspended in chloroform have been shown to point along the field. cellulose microcrystal suspensions in cyclohexane have also been allowed to evaporate in an electric field and have exhibited a high degree of orientation when further examined by tem and electron diffraction. similarly, cellulose whisker suspensions showed increasing birefringence with increasing field str ... | 2006 | 16700569 |
| mechanical behavior of cellulose microfibrils in tension wood, in relation with maturation stress generation. | a change in cellulose lattice spacing can be detected during the release of wood maturation stress by synchrotron x-ray diffraction experiment. the lattice strain was found to be the same order of magnitude as the macroscopic strain. the fiber repeat distance, 1.033 nm evaluated for tension wood after the release of maturation stress was equal to the conventional wood values, whereas the value before stress release was larger, corresponding to a fiber repeat of 1.035 nm, nearly equal to that of ... | 2006 | 16698777 |
| molecular directionality in cellulose polymorphs. | the recently developed technique of reductive amination, followed by gold labeling, was applied to visualize the reducing ends of cellulose microcrystals from cellulose i, cellulose ii, and cellulose iii(i). in these crystals, which were also characterized by electron diffraction, the labeling proved that the chains were organized in a parallel fashion in cellulose i from ramie and valonia and also in cellulose iii(i) from valonia. in microcrystals of cellulose ii from mercerized ramie, the labe ... | 2006 | 16398525 |
| polymorphism of cellulose i family: reinvestigation of cellulose ivi. | polymorphs of cellulose i, iii(i), and iv(i) have been investigated by x-ray diffraction, ft-ir, and solid-state (13)c nmr spectroscopy. highly crystalline cellulose iii(i) samples were prepared by treating cellulose samples in supercritical ammonia at 140 degrees c for 1 h, and conventional cellulose iii(i) samples were prepared by liquid ammonia treatment. the cellulose iv(i) sample of highest crystallinity was that prepared from cladophora cellulose iii(i) in supercritical ammonia, followed b ... | 2013 | 15244455 |
| periodic disorder along ramie cellulose microfibrils. | small angle neutron scattering studies have been carried out on cellulose fibers from ramie and populus maximowicii (cotton wood). labile hydrogen atoms were replaced by deuterium atoms, in water-accessible disordered regions of the fibers, to increase the neutron scattering contrast between the disordered and crystalline regions. a meridional bragg reflection, corresponding to a longitudinal periodicity of 150 nm, was observed when scattering collected from hydrogenated and deuterated dry ramie ... | 2013 | 12857086 |
| [phytotoxic effect of soil cadmium pollution on ramie]. | a microplot locating experiment was conducted to study the phytotoxic effect of adding cd in soil on ramie plants. the results showed that the contents of chlorophyll a and b of leaf, and the photosynthesis productivity of ramie plant were significant reduced by the addition of cd. as the content of soil cd reached to 14 mg.kg-1, the biomass yield of the above-ground part of ramie plants was 20% lower than the control, and was 50% lower when soil cd content was at 100 mg.kg-1. the number of effe ... | 2000 | 11767541 |
| [decomposition interaction of mixed litter between chinese fir and various accompanying plant species]. | studies on the decomposition of mixed litter between chinese fir and 8 accompanying plant species showed that the decomposition of chinese fir litter was promoted to different degrees by 8 mixed plant species, in which angiopteris fokiensis had the greatest effect, while schima superba had certain promotion first, but then, weak inhibition. the order of promotion was angiopteris fokiensis > maesa japonica > ficus simplicissima > woodwardia japonica > boehmeria nivea > castanopsis fargesii > cast ... | 2001 | 11758404 |
| x-ray structure of mercerized cellulose ii at 1 a resolution. | a revised crystal structure for mercerized cellulose based on high-resolution synchrotron x-ray data collected from ramie fibers is reported (space group p2(1), a = 8.10(3) a, b = 9.03(3) a, c = 10.31(5) a, gamma = 117.10(5) degrees; 751 reflections in 304 composite spots; theta < 21.11 degrees; lambda = 0.7208 a; lals refinement with d > 1.5 a, r' ' = 0.16; shelx97 refinement with d > 1 a, r = 0.21). as with regenerated cellulose the crystal structure consists of antiparallel chains with differ ... | 2001 | 11749200 |
| the antiinflammatory and liver protective effects of boehmeria nivea and b. nivea subsp. nippononivea in rats. | the pharmacological effects of boehmeria nivea and b. nivea subsp. nippononivea were studied against carrageenan-induced paw edema, acetaminophen (apap) and d-galactosamine (d-galn) induced hepatotoxicity in rats, respectively. water extracts of b. nivea and b. nivea subsp. nippononivea roots were found to maintain significant antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced edema. moreover, the water extracts of b. nivea and b. nivea subsp. nippononivea significantly decreased the acute in ... | 1997 | 23195578 |
| miniature crystal models of cellulose polymorphs and other carbohydrates. | miniature crystal models of cellulose and other carbohydrates were evaluated with the molecular mechanics program mm3. the models consisted of groups of 24 to 32 monosaccharide residues, with the models of mono- and disaccharides based on well-established, single-crystal work. structures of the cellulose forms and cellotetraose were based on published work using fibre diffraction methods. a structure for the single-chain i alpha cellulose unit cell was also tested. a dielectric constant of about ... | 1993 | 8443130 |
| reinforcing poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanofibers with cellulose nanocrystals. | we studied the use of cellulose nanocrystals (cnxs) obtained after acid hydrolysis of ramie cellulose fibers to reinforce poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (pcl) nanofibers. chemical grafting with low-molecular-weight pcl diol onto the cnxs was carried out in an attempt to improve the interfacial adhesion with the fiber matrix. grafting was confirmed via infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses. the polymer matrix consisted of electrospun nanofibers that were collected as nonwoven webs. the ... | 2009 | 20355825 |
| [chemical constituents of roots of boehmeria nivea]. | to investigate the chemical constituents from roots of boehmeria nivea. | 2009 | 20069903 |
| the microcrystalline structure of cellulose in cell walls of cotton, ramie, and jute fibers as revealed by negative staining of sections. | with a new technique of negative staining of sections, it has been possible to observe directly, in ultrathin sections under the electron microscope, the original microcrystalline and microfibrillar structure of cellulose as it occurs in living cells. this method has advantages over the study of isolated fibers used so far by others, in that the original arrangement of microfibrils is better preserved, and their collapse into larger fibrillar units is prevented. with this method, the cell walls ... | 1966 | 4164010 |
| low-angle x-ray scattering from ramie and jute. | | 1951 | 14796753 |
| preparation and application of cellulose triacetate microspheres. | cellulose triacetate was prepared via reacting of a mixture of acetic anhydride and acetic acid containing sulfuric acid as catalyst with ramie fiber obtained from a biomass of ramie. the cellulose triacetate with a degree of substitution (ds) 2.93 of the ramie fiber was obtained. the honeycomb-like cellulose triacetate microspheres with an average diameter of 14 microm were made from the cellulose triacetate solution. the optimum conditions for preparing the microspheres were determined as cell ... | 2010 | 20060644 |
| x-ray diffraction patterns from plant fibers. | the rather long discussion just given seemed necessary in order to establish certain points before attempting to develop the lattice structure and before working out the identity of the structural unit of the ramie fiber. 1. certain planes, 6.10, 5.40, 3.98, etc., as given in table i, run lengthwise of the fiber; that is, they are parallel to the long axis. 2. these planes are in agreement with the assumption that one set, either the 6.10 or the 5.40 is tangential to the fiber and forms concentr ... | 1925 | 19872247 |
| the cultivation and utilization of ramie in the united states of america. | | 1889 | 17788058 |