| risk factors for clinical salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium infection on dutch dairy farms. | risk factors for outbreaks in 1999 of clinical salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium infection on dairy farms were studied in a matched case-control study with 47 case farms and 47 control farms. all 47 case farms experienced a clinical outbreak of salmonellosis which was confirmed with a positive bacteriologic culture for serovar typhimurium in one or more samples. serovar typhimurium phage type 401 and 506 (definitive type 104, dt104) were the most frequently isolated phage t ... | 2002 | 12069778 |
| molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium isolates from swine. | as part of a longitudinal study of antimicrobial resistance among salmonellae isolated from swine, we studied 484 salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (including serovar typhimurium var. copenhagen) isolates. we found two common pentaresistant phenotypes. the first was resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline (the amcmstsute phenotype; 36.2% of all isolates), mainly of the definitive type 104 (dt104) phage type (180 of 187 iso ... | 2002 | 12149335 |
| subtyping of salmonella typhimurium by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and comparisons with phage types and resistance types. | one-hundred and sixty-eight salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium isolates have been analysed by phage typing, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and for their antimicrobial susceptibility. those independent strains, isolated from food animal production including cattle, poultry and pig sectors have been collected by the french non human salmonella network, during the first semester in 1999. isolates encompassed 14 phage types. the majority of s. typhimurium isolates was foun ... | 2002 | 12171058 |
| assessment of virulence of pigeon isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium variant copenhagen for humans. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium variant copenhagen was isolated from 5 of 152 (3.3%) feral pigeons from the city of ghent (belgium) and from 26 pooled fecal samples from 114 pigeon lofts (22.8%). these isolates belonged to phage type (pt) 99. seven of the pigeon isolates were further compared in vitro to five human variant copenhagen isolates, 2 isolates of pt 208, 1 isolate each of pt 120 and u302, and a nontypeable isolate. no differences in invasiveness in human intestinal epithelial ... | 2004 | 15131161 |
| molecular characterization of multiresistant d-tartrate-positive salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b isolates. | since 1996, the national salmonella reference laboratory of germany has received an increasing number of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi b isolates. nearly all of these belonged to the dextrorotatory tartrate-positive variant (s. enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi b dt(+)), formerly called s. enterica subsp. enterica serovar java. a total of 55 selected contemporary and older s. enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi b dt(+) isolates were analyzed by plasmid pro ... | 2002 | 12202551 |
| infection due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype infantis in a neonatal unit. | to describe the investigation and control of an outbreak of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype infantis in a neonatal unit in brazil. | 2002 | 12219059 |
| cloth-based hybridization array system for the detection of multiple antibiotic resistance genes in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium dt104. | a simple dna macroarray system was developed for detection of antibiotic resistance and other marker genes associated with the multidrug-resistant food pathogen salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium dt104. | 2004 | 15214723 |
| isolation of salmonella enterica and serologic reactivity to leptospira interrogans in opossums (didelphis virginiana) from yucatán, méxico. | the presence of salmonella enterica and serologic evidence of infection by leptospira interrogans, were detected in the opossum didelphis virginiana in a semi-urban locality of the yucatán state, méxico. ninety-one opossums were captured during the period april 1996 and may 1998. from a total of 17 feces samples, four salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotypes (sandiego, newport, anatum, and minnesota), and one salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae serovar o44:z4,z23:- were isolated. some oposs ... | 2002 | 12219118 |
| molecular follow-up of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona infection in cattle and humans. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona was not frequently encountered in finland until an increase in rates of isolation among animal and feed was seen in 1994. a small outbreak among cattle farms in the regions of oulu and vaasa in northwestern finland in 1994-1995 included eight farms. after the outbreak, an increase in the number of serovar agona infections in humans was seen in 1999: the number of annual microbiologically confirmed cases in humans increased from about 10 from 1990 ... | 2002 | 12354860 |
| isolated high-level ciprofloxacin resistance in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype paratyphi a. | | 2004 | 15272072 |
| the effect of temperature on the growth and persistence of salmonella in fermented liquid pig feed. | two studies were conducted to investigate the effect of temperature on the fate of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium dt104:30 in fermented liquid pig feed. these were (1) by co-inoculation of feed with s. typhimurium dt104:30 and pediococcus pentosaceus, as the fermenting organism, and (2) by fermenting feed for 48, 72 or 96 h prior to inoculation with s. typhimurium dt104:30. in co-inoculated feed incubated at 20 degrees c, s. typhimurium dt104:30 persisted for at least 72 ... | 2002 | 12382689 |
| antimicrobial activity of reuterin in combination with nisin against food-borne pathogens. | antimicrobial activity of reuterin individually or in combination with nisin against different food-borne gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens in milk was investigated. reuterin (8 au/ml) exhibited bacteriostatic activity against listeria monocytogenes, whereas its activity was slightly bactericidal against staphylococcus aureus at 37 degrees c. higher bactericidal activity was detected against escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis, yersinia enterocolitica, a ... | 2004 | 15282134 |
| influence of enrofloxacin and chloramphenicol on the level of igy in serum and egg yolk after immunostimulation of hens with salmonella enteritidis antigens. | in the chicken, maternal antibodies are transferred into the egg and subsequently transported into the developing embryo. igg (called igy) is the primary immunoglobulin isotype of the egg yolk. their level in serum depends on the correct function of immunological system in laying hens. many factors have a direct or indirect influence on antibody level in fowl. one of them is a commonly used antibiotic, but its influence on avian immune system is still unknown. the objective of the study was to d ... | 2002 | 12448078 |
| phenotypic and genotypic changes in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium during passage in intestines of broiler chickens fed on diets that included ionophore anticoccidial supplements. | the effect of continuous in-feed administration of anticoccidial agents on antimicrobial sensitivity and the level of bacterial shedding in poultry experimentally infected with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium definitive type 104 (dt104) were investigated. on day 0, 1,200 1-day-old salmonella-free broiler chicks were placed into 50 pens, and the pens were randomly allocated to one of five treatments: nonsupplemented (negative control; t1), monensin at 120 mg/kg of diet (t ... | 2004 | 15297474 |
| effect of previous antimicrobial treatment on fecal shedding of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serogroup b in new york dairy herds with recent clinical salmonellosis. | the association of herd- and sample-level factors with the isolation of salmonella group b from cattle fecal samples was analyzed. study farms were 65 dairy herds with a recent history of laboratory-confirmed clinical salmonella infections. herds were visited once per month for three months to collect data and samples for bacteriological culture. herd size varied widely from 34 to 3700 total cattle on the farm (median=370). salmonella serogroup b was isolated from 270 of 2726 samples tested. the ... | 2003 | 12507855 |
| characterization of class i integrons in clinical strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars typhimurium and enteritidis from norwegian hospitals. | the characterization of integrons and their promoters in 156 antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates of the important zoonotic pathogens salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars typhimurium (s. typhimurium) and enteritidis (s. enteritidis) from norwegian hospitals were performed. integrons were found in 64 of 66 s. typhimurium isolates (97 %) and in 20 of 90 s. enteritidis isolates (22.2 %) with the following sizes; 650, 1000, 1200, 1500, 1600, 1700, 2000 and 2100 bp. the integrons were furth ... | 2003 | 12543920 |
| subtracted restriction fingerprinting--a tool for bacterial genome typing. | reproducible, discriminative, high-throughput methods are required for the identification of bacterial strains and isolates in a clinical environment. a new molecular typing method for bacteria was developed and tested on salmonella and e. coli species. the technique is called subtracted restriction fingerprinting and is based on double restriction enzyme digestion of genomic dna followed by end labeling. the "detection" enzyme produces ttaa overhangs that are filled in with digoxigenated nucleo ... | 2003 | 12613253 |
| occurrence of salmonella enterica serovar dublin in austria. | in austria, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin, a bovine-adapted serovar, rarely causes infections in humans. in 2000, austria was within the european mean with an incidence of 0.1 per million inhabitants. our data show that the vast majority of all serovar dublin infections (human and non-human) can be traced epidemiologically to two districts in the tyrol. this concentration of cases can be explained by a particularly traditional aspect of cattle farming in this area, the alpin ... | 2002 | 12631940 |
| variable number of tandem repeats in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica for typing purposes. | the genomic sequences of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains ct18, ty2 (serovar typhi), and lt2 (serovar typhimurium) were analyzed for potential variable number tandem repeats (vntrs). a multiple-locus vntr analysis (mlva) of 99 strains of s. enterica supsp. enterica based on 10 vntrs distinguished 52 genotypes and placed them into four groups. all strains tested were independent human isolates from france and did not reflect isolates from outbreak episodes. of these 10 vntrs, 7 showed ... | 2004 | 15583305 |
| anaerobiosis-induced virulence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium: role of phospholipase cgamma signalling cascade. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) can initiate entry into non-phagocytic epithelial cells by triggering certain signal transduction pathways, thereby allowing the pathogen to invade and establish a niche within host cells. anaerobiosis has been shown to be an important inducer of the invasion process of s. typhimurium. however, the effect of anaerobiosis on modulation of cell signalling cascades by s. typhimurium is not known. in the present study, the phos ... | 2003 | 12909648 |
| simple and rapid detection of salmonella strains by direct pcr amplification of the hila gene. | the suitability of a pcr procedure using a pair of primers targeting the hila gene was evaluated as a means of detecting salmonella species. a total of 33 salmonella strains from 27 serovars and 15 non-salmonella strains from eight different genera were included. pcr with all the salmonella strains produced a 784 bp dna fragment that was absent from all the non-salmonella strains tested. the detection limit of the pcr was 100 pg with genomic dna and 3 x 10(4) c.f.u. ml(-1) with serial dilutions ... | 2003 | 12909653 |
| multiple-drug resistance in d-tartrate-positive salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b isolates from poultry is mediated by class 2 integrons inserted into the bacterial chromosome. | the presence of integrons in 85 multiresistant german isolates of the predominating salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi b dt(+) clone was investigated. all isolates possessed a chromosomally located tn7-like class 2 integron carrying the same dfra1-sat1-aada1 array of gene cassettes. only four isolates (4.7%) revealed an additional class 1 integron with two strains each containing the aada1 or dfra1-aada1 gene cassettes. | 2003 | 14576136 |
| a regional outbreak of s. enteritidis phage type 5, traced back to the flocks of an egg producer, austria. | in the spring and summer of 2002, the nationale referenzzentrale für salmonellen (national reference centre for salmonella - nrcs) in austria noticed a cluster of human salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. enteritidis phage type 5 (s. enteritidis pt5) infections in two neighbouring districts of austria. another small outbreak of s. enteritidis pt5 infections that occurred in the same region in 1999 had been traced back to the flocks of a local egg producer (approximately 6 000 hens). attenti ... | 2003 | 14605374 |
| use of antibiotic susceptibility patterns and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to compare historic and contemporary isolates of multi-drug-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar newport. | recently, multi-drug-resistant (mdr) salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar newport reemerged as a public and animal health problem. the antibiotic resistance of 198 isolates and the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns (pfge) of 139 isolates were determined. serovar newport isolates collected between 1988 and 2001 were included in the study. one hundred seventy-eight isolates were collected from the san joaquin valley in california and came from dairy cattle clinical samples, huma ... | 2004 | 14711658 |
| anti-salmonella activity of (2e)-alkenals. | this study investigated the effect of a series of naturally occurring aliphatic (2e)-alkenals against salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis atcc 35640 and evaluated their antibacterial action. | 2004 | 15012807 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-based subtyping of dna degradation-sensitive salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar livingstone and serovar cerro isolates obtained from a chicken layer farm. | salmonella enterica serovar subsp. enterica livingstone and serovar cerro isolates from a commercial egg-producing farm, which had previously been untypeable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) because of dna degradation during the pfge process, successfully gave banding patterns using electrophoresis buffer supplemented with 50 microm thiourea. by pfge in the presence of thiourea, dna degradation-sensitive s. enterica serovar cerro isolates from the commercial egg-producing farm were fou ... | 2004 | 15019105 |
| salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis harbours cole1, cole2, and rolling-circle-like replicating plasmids. | using dna hybridization, at least three distinct groups of low molecular mass plasmids were identified in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis. after sequencing representative plasmids from each group, we concluded that they belonged to cole1, cole2, and rolling-circle-like replicating plasmids. plasmid pk (4245 bp) is a representative of widely distributed cole1 plasmids. plasmid pp (4301 bp) is homologous to cole2 plasmids and was present predominantly in single-stranded dna ... | 2004 | 15052312 |
| molecular characterization of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium dt1 isolates. | salmonella typhimurium dt1 is endemic to finland and has caused human outbreaks since the 1960s. domestic dt1 isolates (n=235) from 1972 to 1999 from human cases, animals and other sources, as well as foreign dt1 isolates from human cases (n=20) were analysed by molecular methods. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) yielded 38 xbai profiles. of these, xbai profile 10 was seen in 49% (125/255) of the isolates. twelve is200 profiles were obtained; the most common is200 profile d was seen in 64 ... | 2004 | 15061501 |
| risk factors for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica shedding by market-age pigs in french farrow-to-finish herds. | fattening-pigs carriers of salmonella enterica are believed to be a main source of carcass and pork contamination at the later steps of the meat process. we did a prospective study in 2000-2001 in 105 french farrow-to-finish pig farms. in each farm, a batch of contemporary fattening pigs housed in the same room was followed throughout the fattening period. salmonella shedding was assessed on environmental samples of faecal material (taken by means of pairs of gauze socks) analysed by classical b ... | 2004 | 15099720 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in non-typhoidal salmonella spp. isolated in the uk are now a reality: why the late arrival? | in february 2004, we reported the first recognition of the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) in non-typhoidal salmonella spp. in the uk; the beta-lactamase was tem-52. six months later, an shv-derived esbl (shv-12) was detected in a salmonella strain isolated in york and 6 months after that we have just identified ctx-m-type beta-lactamases in scottish isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium and salmonella virchow (unpublished results). a very rec ... | 2005 | 16000403 |
| repeated occurrence of diverse extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in minor serotypes of food-borne salmonella enterica subsp. enterica. | screening of greek nontyphoid salmonellae from 2000 to 2002 yielded three extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing human isolates. salmonella enterica serotype brandenburg harbored a multiresistant shv-5 gene-carrying plasmid. s. enterica serotype blockley and s. enterica serotype hadar harbored a tem-52 gene-carrying plasmid. an s. enterica serotype virchow strain producing plasmid-mediated ctx-m-32 was isolated twice from poultry end products. all esbl plasmids were self-transferable ... | 2005 | 16000476 |
| insertional mutation of mara vitiates inducible multiple antimicrobial resistance in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis. | mara has been shown to mediate a multiple antimicrobial resistance (mar) phenotype following induction in some members of the enterobacteriaceae. when salmonella choleraesuis was exposed to inducing agents they displayed higher minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) to multiple antimicrobial agents and an increase in mara expression as determined by northern hybridization analysis. the objective of the present study was to determine if mutation of mara vitiated multiple antimicrobial resistance ... | 2005 | 16006078 |
| effect of relative humidity on preharvest survival of bacterial and viral pathogens on the surface of cantaloupe, lettuce, and bell peppers. | the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of humidity on the preharvest survival of microbial pathogens on cantaloupe, lettuce, and bell peppers. an additional goal was to evaluate clostridium perfringens as an indicator of fecal contamination on produce. the microorganisms used in this study included escherichia coli, e. coli o157:h7, shigella sonnei, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, clostridium perfringens, hepatitis a virus (hav), feline calicivirus (fcv), and coliphage prd1. t ... | 2005 | 16013370 |
| "multiplex pcr" identification of the atypical and monophasic salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- in são paulo state, brazil: frequency and antibiotic resistance patterns. | salmonella spp. are the etiologic agents of salmonellosis, a worldwide spread zoonoses causing foodborne outbreaks and clinical diseases. by serological identification, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- accounted for 8.8% of human and 1.6% of nonhuman salmonella strains isolated in são paulo state, during 1991-2000. a total of 28.6% of them amplified a fragment corresponding to h:1,2 (flagellar phase two) through pcr analysis and were further assigned as s. typhimurium. ... | 2004 | 15141285 |
| risk factors for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica infection in senegalese broiler-chicken flocks. | our objective was to assess the association of managerial practices, general hygiene and salmonella infection in senegalese broiler flocks. seventy broilers farms were studied from january 2000 to december 2001 around dakar. a questionnaire was submitted to the farmers and samples of fresh broiler droppings were taken. a 28.6% of the flocks were infected by salmonella (mainly hadar and brancaster serovars). salmonella infection of the previous flock (or = 6.82) and of day-old chicks (or = 3.73), ... | 2004 | 15158567 |
| dissemination of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium var. copenhagen clonal types through a contract heifer-raising operation. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium var. copenhagen isolates from a heifer-raising operation and from 11 dairy herds that had their calves contracted to the heifer-raising operation were examined for their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. results of the study showed that the heifer-raising operation could serve as a clearinghouse for salmonella serovar typhimurium var. copenhagen and perhaps other salmonella serotypes. | 2005 | 16081980 |
| effect of the escherichia coli emo strain on experimental infection by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in gnotobiotic mice. | an experimental infection with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium was evaluated in gnotobiotic mice previously exposed to a plasmid-free non-pathogenic escherichia coli (emo strain). mice were exposed to emo (experimental) or not (control) 10 days before challenge with salmonella typhimurium (10(2) colony forming units (cfu)/mouse). survival after challenge was higher (p < 0.05) in the experimental group (16%) than in the control animals (0%). histopathological examination o ... | 2004 | 15264007 |
| acute infection of swine by various salmonella serovars. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of various serovars of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica to infect alimentary and nonalimentary tissues of swine within 3 h of inoculation. fourteen wild-type s. enterica serovars (4,12:imonophasic, 6,7 nonmotile, agona, brandenburg, bredeney, derby, heidelberg, infantis, muenchen, thompson, typhimurium, typhimurium variant copenhagen, untypeable, and worthington), two known virulent s. enterica serovars (choleraesuis strain sc-38 and typ ... | 2004 | 15270506 |
| salmonella gallinarum gyra mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum (s. gallinarum) is the causative organism of fowl typhoid, and an outbreak of fowl typhoid in korea was confirmed in 1992. the aim of this study was to investigate possible changes in fluoroquinolone susceptibility among s. gallinarum isolates from 1995 to 2001, and to analyse mutations of the gyra gene in fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. among 258 s. gallinarum isolates tested by the disk diffusion method, isolates from 1995 (n=18) were ... | 2004 | 15276996 |
| st64b is a defective bacteriophage in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt64 that encodes a functional immunity region capable of mediating phage-type conversion. | the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) defective bacteriophage st64b has a putative immunity (immc) region consisting of ci, cro and cii-like genes. since st64b is widespread in s. typhimurium, studies were undertaken to determine whether this region might be functional and influence phage typing results. cloning of st64b immc-like genes and their subsequent expression in s. typhimurium dts showed that this region is able to mediate phage-type conversion in ... | 2004 | 15293455 |
| long-term survival of pathogenic and sanitation indicator bacteria in experimental biowaste composts. | for economic, agricultural, and environmental reasons, composting is frequently used for organic waste recycling. one approach to limiting the potential risk from bacterial food-borne illnesses is to ensure that soil amendments and organic fertilizers are disinfected. however, more knowledge concerning the microbiological safety of composted substrates other than sludge and manure is necessary. experimental in-vessel biowaste composts were used to study the survival of seeded listeria monocytoge ... | 2005 | 16204488 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium using pcr multiplexing and multicolor capillary electrophoresis. | the multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis (mlva) method is currently being used as the primary typing tool for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) isolates in our laboratory. our published initial mlva was performed using a single fluorescent dye and the different patterns were assigned from gel images. here we present a new and significantly improved assay using multiple dye colors, enhanced pcr multiplexing and the introduction of two new l ... | 2004 | 15369852 |
| molecular analysis of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona isolated from slaughter pigs. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovar agona plays an important role in brazil as causative agent of salmonellosis in food-producing animals - in particular, pigs and poultry - as well as in humans. a total of 45 s. agona isolates collected from slaughter pigs at three different slaughterhouses in southern brazil was investigated in this study for their phenotypic and genotypic relatedness. for this, the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the phage types were determined. molecul ... | 2006 | 16289951 |
| resistance phenotypes and genotypes of multiresistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium var. copenhagen isolates from animal sources. | | 2003 | 12493808 |
| phage types, ribotypes and tetracycline resistance genes of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains isolated from different origins in italy. | the tetracycline resistance (tet) gene patterns of 52 tetracycline resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovar typhimurium isolates collected from animals, food of animal origin, and humans in italy, were investigated to evaluate whether the tet gene patterns could be used for strain differentiation in addition to phage typing and ribotyping. the detection of tet genes was performed by specific pcr assays. ribotyping was performed automatically using pvuii as restriction enzyme. t ... | 2004 | 15381268 |
| molecular and epidemiologic analysis of a county-wide outbreak caused by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis traced to a bakery. | an increase in the number of attendees due to acute gastroenteritis and fever was noted at one hospital emergency room in taiwan over a seven-day period from july to august, 2001. molecular and epidemiological surveys were performed to trace the possible source of infection. | 2004 | 15541186 |
| the rise and fall of salmonella enteritidis in the uk. | after rising in the early 1980s, the number of recorded human cases of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica in the uk has fallen in the last 5 years, with a particular decline in cases of infection with serovar enteritidis. this decline has been concomitant with the introduction of vaccination of egg-laying hens against serovar enteritidis. it is likely that other factors such as improved biosecurity in egg-laying flocks, a build-up of immunity in other animals and the rise in the number of lives ... | 2003 | 12675943 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of salmonella strains isolated from humans, cattle, pigs, and chickens in the netherlands from 1984 to 2001. | we monitored antimicrobial susceptibility data for salmonella strains isolated from humans, cattle, pigs, and chickens in the netherlands from 1984 to 2001 in order to provide insight into the dynamics of resistance over time. the strains were tested for their susceptibilities to seven antimicrobial agents by the agar diffusion method. resistance was most common in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium. among the strains from humans, pigs, and chickens, it was found that the le ... | 2003 | 12904357 |
| direct immunofluorescence assay for rapid environmental detection of vibrio cholerae o1. | an immunofluorescence assay for direct detection of v. cholerae o1 was developed using polyclonal antibodies raised against outer membrane proteins (omps) of v. cholerae o1. production of omps varied with growth media used; maximum production was found in tryptic soy broth. the detection system was specific because no cross-reactivity was observed with other bacteria including v. cholerae o139, e. coli, s. dysenteriae and salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi. the technique was able ... | 2005 | 16475506 |
| development of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting equine serum antibodies to the lipopolysaccharide of salmonella abortusequi. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ielisa) was developed for the detection of equine serum antibodies to lipopolysaccharide of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortusequi (lps), a causative organism of equine paratyphoid. the data presented demonstrates that horses immunized with s. abortusequi lps developed antibodies detectable by the ielisa. by comparison, the tube agglutination test (tat) did not detect antibody to s. abortusequi lps as consistently as the ielisa. the ... | 2006 | 16483621 |
| inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium dt104, and listeria monocytogenes on inoculated alfalfa seeds with a fatty acid-based sanitizer. | alfalfa seeds were inoculated with a three-strain cocktail of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium dt104, or listeria monocytogenes by immersion to contain approximately 6 to 8 log cfu/g and then treated with a fatty acid-based sanitizer containing 250 ppm of peroxyacid, 1,000 ppm of caprylic and capric acids (emery 658), 1,000 ppm of lactic acid, and 500 ppm of glycerol monolaurate at a reference concentration of 1x. inoculated seeds were immersed at ... | 2006 | 16541689 |
| typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars choleraesuis, typhimurium, dublin and laboratory strains of escherichia coli using subtracted restriction fingerprinting (srf). | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of a new typing technique called subtracted restriction fingerprinting (srf) for bacterial strain and isolate discrimination. the technique was applied to isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovars choleraesuis, typhimurium, dublin and to two laboratory strains of e. coli. srf is based on the selective removal of excess fragments from a restriction digest using magnetic particles. subsequently, the remaining subset of ... | 2003 | 12906386 |
| physical linkage of tn3 and part of tn1721 in a tetracycline and ampicillin resistance plasmid from salmonella typhimurium. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the 12 656 bp plasmid pfptb1 from salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium, which mediates resistance to tetracyclines and ampicillin, was determined. the plasmid was analysed for potential reading frames and structural features indicative of transposons and transposon relics. | 2005 | 15731203 |
| acquisition of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar newport and escherichia coli in the turkey poult intestinal tract. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar newport resistant to the extended-spectrum cephalosporins (escs) and other antimicrobials causes septicemic salmonellosis in humans and animals and is increasingly isolated from humans, animals, foods, and environmental sources. mechanisms whereby serovar newport bacteria become resistant to escs and other classes of antimicrobials while inhabiting the intestinal tract are not well understood. the present study shows that 25.3% of serovar newport strai ... | 2005 | 15746317 |
| vi antigen expression in salmonella enterica serovar typhi clinical isolates from pakistan. | the accurate identification of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi variants that fail to express the capsular polysaccharide, vi, is an important and much discussed issue for medical microbiology. we have tested a multiplex pcr method which shows the presence or absence of the genetic locus required for vi expression. of 2,222 salmonella serovar typhi clinical isolates collected from patients' blood over a 4-year period in a region of pakistan where typhoid is endemic, 12 tested ne ... | 2005 | 15750077 |
| class 1 integron-associated gene cassettes in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona isolated from pig carcasses in brazil. | two multiresistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona isolates from pig carcasses were investigated for antimicrobial resistance genes and their location with particular reference to the detection of class 1 integrons. | 2005 | 15761062 |
| stabilization of a plasmid coding for a heterologous antigen in salmonella enterica serotype typhi vaccine strain cvd908-htra by using site-specific recombination. | a gene cassette incorporating the crs-rsd site-specific recombination system from the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin virulence plasmid improved the inheritance in s. enterica serotype typhi strain cvd908-htra of a multicopy plasmid expression vector. use of this recombination cassette may improve expression of heterologous antigens from multicopy plasmid expression vectors in attenuated bacterial vaccine strains. | 2006 | 16790817 |
| comparison of antagonistic ability against enteropathogens by g+ and g- anaerobic dominant components of human fecal microbiota. | to confirm if anaerobic g+-components are those responsible for the function of colonization resistance, obligate anaerobic g+- and g- -bacteria from normal dominant microbiota of human feces were isolated from three successive collections and then used in in vitro assays for antagonism against two enteropathogenic bacteria. the production of inhibitory diffusible compounds was determined on supplemented bhi agar and mrs agar media for g- - and g+-bacteria, respectively. salmonella enterica subs ... | 2006 | 16821725 |
| herd-level risk factors for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica in u.s. market pigs. | midwest u.s. herds (n=63) were studied to identify risk factors for harboring salmonella enterica among slaughter-weight pigs. samples collected on farms (feces) and at slaughter (distal colonic content, cecal content and ileocolic lymph nodes) were cultured using conventional means. approximately 15 pigs were studied per herd, for a total of 3754 samples. the proportion of pigs positive in one or more samples was calculated for each herd. herd characteristics were described by a combination of ... | 2006 | 16828183 |
| variable-number tandem repeats that are useful in genotyping isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars typhimurium and newport. | the genome of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strain lt2 was analyzed for direct repeats, and 54 sequences containing variable-number tandem repeat loci were identified. ten primer pairs that anneal upstream and downstream of each selected locus were designed and used to amplify pcr targets in isolates of s. enterica serovars typhimurium and newport. four of the 10 loci did not show polymorphism in the length of products. six loci were selected for analysis. isolates of s ... | 2006 | 16943354 |
| cloning and sequencing of a genomic island found in the brazilian purpuric fever clone of haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius. | a genomic island was identified in the haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius brazilian purpuric fever (bpf) strain f3031. this island, which was also found in other bpf isolates, could not be detected in non-bpf biogroup aegyptius strains or in nontypeable or typeable h. influenzae strains, with the exception of a region present in the type b eagan strain. this 34,378-bp island is inserted, in reference to h. influenzae rd kw20, within a choline transport gene and contains a mosaic structure ... | 2005 | 15784532 |
| comparison of fecal culture and danish mix-elisa for determination of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica prevalence in growing swine. | in the usa, control of food-borne salmonellosis associated with meat consumption has been predominantly focused at slaughter and processing. it is expected that standards at slaughter and processing will become more stringent, creating pressure to reduce prevalence of salmonella-positive food animals through on-farm interventions. the aim of this study was to compare traditional fecal culture and the danish mix-elisa (dme) for determination of salmonella prevalence pre-harvest in swine. in trial ... | 2005 | 15795083 |
| dose determination for acute salmonella infection in pigs. | pigs were exposed to various levels of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium by either intranasal inoculation or by subjecting them to a contaminated environment. more than 10(3) salmonellae were required to induce acute salmonella infection. these results indicate that intervention against acute salmonella infection in lairage may be more readily achieved than previously thought. | 2005 | 15870368 |
| molecular characterisation of salmonella strains by an oligonucleotide multiprobe microarray. | a dna microarray has been developed for the simultaneous characterisation and typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates. one-hundred and nine 35-40 mer oligonucleotides probes detect flagellar and somatic antigen encoding genes (serogroup or serotype specific), important virulence genes located within or outside the pathogenicity islands, phage-associated genes and antibiotic resistance determinants. the probes were printed on glass slides and whole genomic cy5-labelled salmonella d ... | 2007 | 17029709 |
| a strain of salmonella enterica serovar virchow isolated in turkey and carrying a ctx-m-3 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. | a multiply resistant strain of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar virchow was isolated in november 2002 from a catheterized patient admitted to the ssk training hospital in ankara, turkey. this isolate showed an antimicrobial susceptibility pattern compatible with the presence of a ctx-m-type esbl, namely resistance to cefotaxime, aztreonam and cefepime, and intermediate susceptibility to ceftazidime. on checking for the presence of the bla(tem), bla(shv), and bla(ctx-m )resistance gene ... | 2006 | 17129843 |
| modulation of gut mucosal biofilms. | non-digestible inulin-type fructans, such as oligofructose and high-molecular-weight inulin, have been shown to have the ability to alter the intestinal microbiota composition in such a way that members of the microbial community, generally considered as health-promoting, are stimulated. bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are the most frequently targeted organisms. less information exists on effects of inulin-type fructans on the composition, metabolism and health-related significance of bacteria a ... | 2005 | 15877893 |
| risk factors associated with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica contamination of chicken carcases in senegal. | this study was to identify the risk factors for salmonella spp. contamination of senegalese chicken carcases during slaughtering. one hundred and twenty traditional slaughterhouses were studied from january 2000 to december 2002 in and around dakar. a questionnaire was answered by the slaughterers, and samples of breast skin were taken to assess the salmonella status of chicken carcases. results showed that 43.3% of the batches were contaminated with salmonella, indicating salmonella hadar and s ... | 2005 | 15957441 |
| the effect of type-1 fimbrial immunization on gut pathophysiological response in rats infected with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium. | the pathophysiological mechanism of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (salmonella typhimurium) induced gastroenteritis is controlled by interplay of various cell signaling events. adherence of this organism through type-1 fimbriae is known to be a vital prerequisite for the establishment of infection. in the present investigation male albino wistar rats were immunized with purified type-1 fimbriae and challenged intragastrically with s. typhimurium. electrolyte transport an ... | 2005 | 16013447 |
| risk factors associated with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica contamination of chicken carcases in senegal. | the objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for salmonella spp. contamination of senegalese chicken carcases during slaughtering. one hundred and twenty traditional slaughterhouses were studied from january 2000 to december 2002 in and around dakar. a questionnaire was administered to the slaughterers and samples of breast skin were taken to assess the salmonella spp. status of chicken carcases. results showed that 43.3% of the chicken batches were contaminated with salmonella s ... | 2005 | 16050182 |
| [the occurrence and characterisation of oxy-imino-beta-lactams resistant strains among salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolated in poland]. | extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) are enzymes manifesting considerable hydrolyzing activity on a wide variety of beta-lactam antibiotics including oxyiminocephalosporins and aztreonam. in the study reported here we investigated the types of esbl produced by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains isolated from clinical samples in the microbiological laboratories of sanitary-epidemiological units in poland from 1999 to 2004. among 239 ampicillin-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. en ... | 2005 | 16134384 |
| safety and efficacy of salmonella gallinarum 9r vaccine in young laying chickens. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum (s. gallinarum) is the agent of fowl typhoid, and the 9r vaccine is a commercially available, live vaccine for the prevention of fowl typhoid. the aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the 9r vaccine in young chickens. the mean weights of 5-week-old chickens vaccinated with one and 10 doses at 2 weeks old were 450.3+/-33.83 g and 446.8+/-35.68 g, respectively, which were statistically lower (p<0.05) than the mean weight ... | 2005 | 16147574 |
| evaluation of stocking density and subtherapeutic chlortetracycline on salmonella enterica subsp. enterica shedding in growing swine. | the objective of this research was to determine the effect of stocking density and inclusion of subtherapeutic chlortetracycline in the diet on salmonella fecal prevalence and antimicrobial resistance in growing swine. a 2 x 2 factorial design was employed on a privately owned commercial swine farm. four finisher rooms were included in the study. two of the rooms received 50 g/tonnes of chlortetracycline in the ration, two rooms received no antimicrobials in the feed. in each room, alternate pen ... | 2007 | 17482387 |
| antibody-quantum dot conjugates exhibit enhanced antibacterial effect vs. unconjugated quantum dots. | the effect of a 20-min exposure to antibody-quantum dot (ab-qd) conjugates on colony counts of escherichia coli was assessed by the spread-plate method and compared with exposure to unconjugated qds having only amine or carboxyl groups on their surfaces. under these conditions, ab-qd conjugates generally exhibited >90% reduction in colony-forming units as compared to untreated e. coli and e. coli treated with unconjugated qds after incubation for as long as 41 h. the antibacterial effect of ab-q ... | 2007 | 17571792 |
| enhanced contrast of bacteriophage plaques in salmonella with ferric ammonium citrate and sodium thiosulfate (facst) and tetrazolium red (tzr). | visualization of bacteriophage plaques may be enhanced by addition of ferric ammonium citrate and sodium thiosulfate (facst) or 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (tetrazolium red, tzr) to the soft agar layer of a traditional bacteriophage plaque assay. background color from these reagents improved contrast between clear plaques and turbid host lawns in trypticase soy agar (tsa) plates. enhancement by facst is based on reaction with hydrogen sulfide gas (h2s) produced by some strains of bacteri ... | 2006 | 16182396 |
| salmonella profile in chickens determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and bacteriology from years 2000 to 2003 in turkey. | from years 2000 to 2003, salmonella was investigated from a total of 1785 samples comprised of chicken intestinal samples, cloacal swabs, drag swabs, litter samples and chick dust samples collected from 191 poultry breeding flocks belonging to 15 different chicken breeding stock companies in the marmara region, turkey by a sybr green-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (sgbrt-pcr), by a probe-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (psrt-pcr) and by standardized bacteriology as descri ... | 2005 | 16191689 |
| effects of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis vaccination in layer hens subjected to s. enteritidis challenge and various feed withdrawal regimens. | levels of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis infection and serum s. enteritidis antibodies after experimental s. enteritidis challenge and feed withdrawal were investigated in s. enteritidis-vaccinated and unvaccinated hens. the results were used to determine whether formalin-inactivated s. enteritidis vaccination can protect layer hens from s. enteritidis challenge during feed withdrawal periods. s. enteritidis infection rates were evaluated from cloacal swabs, eggs and org ... | 2007 | 17624693 |
| isolation of salmonella enterica serotype newport from a partly ruptured splenic abscess in a traveler returning from zanzibar. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype newport is a pathogen of growing importance because of its epidemic spread in dairy cattle and increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance. human infections, however, are rare. we report a case of a splenic abscess in a young traveler returning from east africa. | 2007 | 17634302 |
| use of biochemical kinetic data to determine strain relatedness among salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates. | classical biotyping characterizes strains by creating biotype profiles that consider only positive and negative results for a predefined set of biochemical tests. this method allows salmonella subspecies to be distinguished but does not allow serotypes and phage types to be distinguished. the objective of this study was to determine the relatedness of isolates belonging to distinct salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotypes by using a refined biotyping process that considers the kinetics at w ... | 2005 | 16272463 |
| identification of an aada2 gene cassette from salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby. | during a study on salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby from slaughter-age pigs in brazil, two epidemiologically unrelated multi-resistant s. derby isolates were found to carry a class 1 integron with a single gene cassette. sequence analysis confirmed that this gene cassette harboured an aada2 gene. the aada2 gene codes for an aminoglycoside adenyltransferase, which mediates resistance to the aminoglycoside streptomycin and the aminocyclitol spectinomycin. although aada2 gene casset ... | 2005 | 16364021 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium: comparison of isolates from pigs, poultry and cases of human gastroenteritis. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and variable number tandem repeat (vntr) profiles of 195 epidemiologically unrelated salmonella typhimurium strains isolated in 1997-2004 from pigs were analysed and the results compared to establish the discriminatory ability of each method. in order to investigate the epidemiology of s. typhimurium from different populations, the vntr profiles from pigs were compared with those obtained from 190 s. typhimurium strains isolated from poultry and 186 strain ... | 2007 | 17714389 |
| oral sodium chlorate, topical disinfection, and younger weaning age reduce salmonella enterica shedding in pigs. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica can cause swine illness or human foodborne disease. although nontoxic to mammalian cells, chlorate can be converted to cytotoxic chlorite by salmonellae. to test whether chlorate is effective at reducing salmonella shedding in weaned pigs exposed to shedding dams, a chlorate-nitrate-lactate (chlorate) oral dose was administered daily for 5 days following weaning, and this treatment was evaluated in combination with two weaning ages and a topical disinfectant. ... | 2007 | 17803134 |
| analysis of porcine differential gene expression following challenge with salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis using suppression subtractive hybridization. | swine-adapted salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis (s. choleraesuis) is the pathogen most frequently isolated from diseased pigs and may affect host gene expression in a species-specific manner. to characterize the porcine transcriptional response to s. choleraesuis infection, the mrna profiles from the mesenteric lymph nodes of three non-infected and three experimentally infected pigs at 24 h post-inoculation were analyzed by suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh). fort ... | 2006 | 16364571 |
| an austrian outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 36 in 2004. | in june 2004, an egg packing station was epidemiologically incriminated as possibly distributing the vehicle of the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. typhimurium definitive type (dt) u291 outbreak which began in september 2003 and--as of june 2004 affected more than 100 persons all over austria and 8 german tourists. a total of 68 egg producing farms were screened for salmonella. whereas all samples tested negative for s. typhimurium dt u291, one batch of laying hens was identified as bei ... | 2005 | 16395989 |
| antimicrobial resistance types and genes in salmonella enterica infantis isolates from retail raw chicken meat and broiler chickens on farms. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype infantis isolates from retail raw chicken meat (n = 98) and broiler chickens on farms (n = 70) were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and antimicrobial resistance genes. a total of 15 antimicrobial resistance types, 14 in meat and 10 in broiler isolates, were identified, and 9 of the 15 types were indistinguishable between meat and broiler isolates. resistance to both oxytetracycline and dihydrostreptomycin accounted for 94.0% of the resistanc ... | 2006 | 16416922 |
| a foodborne outbreak of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar madelia at a silver anniversary reception. | reported here is an outbreak of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar madelia infection that occurred among 44 persons attending a silver anniversary reception in hesse, germany. isolates of salmonella madelia are extremely unusual, and no outbreaks associated with this serotype have been reported previously. forty-two attendees were interviewed and information was obtained from each of them regarding demographic and clinical characteristics and food consumed at the reception. twenty-four ... | 2004 | 15558342 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis of listeria monocytogenes using multicolour capillary electrophoresis and comparison with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing. | the multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis (mlva) method for genotyping has proven to be a fast and reliable typing tool in several bacterial species. mlva is in our laboratory the routine typing method for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium and escherichia coli o157. the gram-positive bacteria listeria monocytogenes, while not isolated as frequent as s. typhimurium and e. coli, causes severe illness with an overall mortality rate of 30%. thus, it is importan ... | 2008 | 18096258 |
| characterization of multiple-antimicrobial-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolated from indigenous vegetables and poultry in malaysia. | the aims of this communication were to study characterization of serogroups among salmonella isolates and the relationship of antimicrobial resistance to serogroups. multiple antimicrobial resistance (mar) was performed on 189 salmonella enterica isolates associated with 38 different serovars that were recovered from poultry and four types of indigenous vegetables. | 2008 | 18179445 |
| [salmonella infections in children: a retrospective study over a four-year period]. | epidemiological state of salmonella infections in languedoc-roussillon (france) and discussion of therapeutic indications. | 2005 | 15653050 |
| [clostridium difficile toxin a and other enteropathogens in stool specimens of children hospitalized due to acute diarrhoea]. | a total of 74 fresh stool specimens obtained from children with acute diarrhoea (43) and without diarrhoea (31) were examined simultaneously for bacteria pathogens (culture methods) and for clostridium difficile toxin a (oxoid toxin a kits) and enteric viruses (only diarrhoeal samples) (slidex rota-adeno kits; biomçrieux). one (49%) or dual with c. difficile (23%) enteric pathogens associated with community-acquired diarrhoea (58% bacteria and 14% viruses) in 31 (72%) children were recognized. c ... | 2005 | 16433313 |
| viability of zoonotic pathogens escherichia coli and salmonella in swine manure slurries with and without a urease inhibitor and thymol. | to determine the effects of urine, a urease inhibitor and/or an odour-reducing antimicrobial compound, on zoonotic pathogens in swine manure slurries. | 2008 | 18298450 |
| genomic diversity within phage types of salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serotypes enteritidis and typhimurium. | the diversity among 1354 strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, serotype enteritidis (n = 847) and typhimurium (n = 507) isolated in finland in 1991-2002 (n = 608) and in 2003 (n = 746) were studied. the former strains were studied retrospectively by phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) harmonized in the european salm-gene project. the latter strains were studied prospectively, and the results correlated to their antimicrobial susceptibility and association with trav ... | 2006 | 16602985 |
| hypoxia-independent activation of hif-1 by enterobacteriaceae and their siderophores. | hypoxia inducible factor-1 (hif-1) is the key transcriptional regulator during adaptation to hypoxia. recent studies provide evidence for hif-1 activation during bacterial infections. however, molecular details of how bacteria activate hif-1 remain unclear. here, we pursued the role of bacterial siderophores in hif-1 activation during infection with enterobacteriaceae. | 2008 | 18325389 |
| molecular genotyping of salmonella enterica abortusovis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. | genotyping of salmonella strains is an important tool to discriminate among isolates and to improve epidemiological studies when an outbreak occurs. no phagetyping scheme is available for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortusovis (sao) and molecular methods previously used were not standardized and were time consuming. among the dna-based methods of genotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) is currently in use to subtype salmonella isolates. in this study we evaluated the ... | 2006 | 16624505 |
| rapid and simple detection of food poisoning bacteria by bead assay with a microfluidic chip-based system. | a rapid bead assay for detecting pathogenic bacteria with a simple microfluidic chip-based system was developed. five oligonucleotide probes corresponding to the 16s rrna of the targeted bacteria were coupled covalently to fluorescent beads. four species of bacteria (escherichia coli, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis, yersinia enterocolitica, and bacillus cereus) were used as representative food-borne pathogenic bacteria. the rnas extracted from pure cultures of these micr ... | 2006 | 16678290 |
| multiplex pcr-based method for identification of common clinical serotypes of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica. | a multiplex pcr method has been developed to differentiate between the most common clinical serotypes of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica encountered in washington state and the united states in general. six genetic loci from s. enterica serovar typhimurium and four from s. enterica serovar typhi were used to create an assay consisting of two five-plex pcrs. the assays gave reproducible results with 30 different serotypes that represent the most common clinical isolates of s. enterica subsp. ... | 2006 | 16943358 |
| phenotypic and genotypic differentiation of porcine salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby isolates. | sixty-two salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby isolates from slaughter pigs and meat products isolated in southern brazil were analyzed for their genomic relationships and for the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes. twenty-four s. derby isolates were indistinguishable by their subtracted restriction fingerprinting (srf) pattern, xbai- and blni-macrorestriction patterns, phage type, plasmid profile, and resistance pattern. in contrast to the blni-macrorestriction patterns, th ... | 2006 | 16971066 |
| simulation model estimates of test accuracy and predictive values for the danish salmonella surveillance program in dairy herds. | the danish government and cattle industry instituted a salmonella surveillance program in october 2002 to help reduce salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype dublin (s. dublin) infections. all dairy herds are tested by measuring antibodies in bulk tank milk at 3-month intervals. the program is based on a well-established elisa, but the overall test program accuracy and misclassification was not previously investigated. we developed a model to simulate repeated bulk tank milk antibody measur ... | 2006 | 16979767 |
| mlst-v, multilocus sequence typing based on virulence genes, for molecular typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica is one of the main causative agents of food-borne disease in man, and can also be the cause of serious systemic illness. organisms belonging to this genus have traditionally been classified on the basis of the antigenic properties of the cell-surface lipopolysaccharide and of the phase 1 and phase 2 flagellar proteins. primary isolation, biochemical identification, and serotyping are laborious and time consuming. molecular identification based on suitable mark ... | 2007 | 17208323 |
| molecular analysis of multiresistant porcine salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar bredeney isolates from southern brazil: identification of resistance genes, integrons and a group ii intron. | the relationships of 83 porcine salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar bredeney isolates obtained at two slaughterhouses in southern brazil were analysed by xbai and blni macrorestriction analysis, plasmid profiling and determination of antimicrobial resistance patterns. twenty-nine xbai and 30 blni macrorestriction patterns were identified. the 72 plasmid-bearing isolates exhibited 20 different plasmid profiles. multiresistance was detected in 49 isolates (59%), of which 39 isolates showed ... | 2008 | 18571903 |
| persistence of salmonella senftenberg in poultry production environments and investigation of its resistance to desiccation. | most salmonella serovars, including salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar senftenberg (s. senftenberg), are tolerant to desiccation and able to colonize and persist in feed mills. in addition, they may survive cleaning and disinfection procedures used on poultry farms. the present study was conducted to investigate the survival of s. senftenberg in broiler parent stock farms and broiler farms. the isolates from one of the parent stock farms investigated only differed by a single band in fl ... | 2008 | 18622860 |