| isolation and characterization of the first eight microsatellite loci in gammarus fossarum (crustacea, amphipoda) and cross-amplification in gammarus pulex and gammarus orinos. | we characterized the first microsatellite markers for gammarus fossarum. eight loci gave satisfactory amplification patterns in two stream populations (southern france) with number of alleles ranging from 2 to 10 and expected heterozygosity from 0.076 to 0.857. we performed cross-amplification in two closely related gammarid species, gammarus pulex and gammarus orinos. among the eight tested microsatellite loci, four correctly amplified in g. pulex and three in g. orinos. | 2009 | 21564925 |
| acetylcholinesterase activity in gammarus fossarum (crustacea amphipoda): linking ache inhibition and behavioural alteration. | relations between whole-body acetylcholinesterase (ache) inhibition and changes in feeding and locomotor behaviours were investigated in adult male gammarus fossarum during short-term exposure (96h) to the organophosphorous pesticide chlorpyrifos (cpe) and the carbamate pesticide methomyl (mt). ache activity was measured after 24, 48 and 96h of exposure. the feeding rate was assessed after 48 and 96h of exposure and locomotor activity was measured at the end of the experiment. a concentration-de ... | 2009 | 19608286 |
| acetylcholinesterase activity in gammarus fossarum (crustacea amphipoda) intrinsic variability, reference levels, and a reliable tool for field surveys. | the appropriate use of an enzyme activity as a biomarker requires good knowledge of its basal level and its natural variability related to intrinsic biotic and environmental abiotic factors. in view of using whole-body acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity in gammarus fossarum as a reliable biomarker of exposure to anti-cholinesterase agents in aquatic ecosystems, (i) the effects of the main biotic (sex, reproductive status, and weight) and abiotic (water temperature) factors on the basal activit ... | 2009 | 19487036 |
| antibiotics as a chemical stressor affecting an aquatic decomposer-detritivore system. | recent evidence indicates that a variety of antibiotic residues may affect the integrity of streams located downstream from wastewater treatment plants. aquatic communities comprising bacterial and fungal decomposers and invertebrate detritivores (shredders) play an important role in the decomposition of allochthonous leaf litter, which acts as a primary energy source for small running waters. the aim of the present study was to assess whether an antibiotic mixture consisting of sulfamethoxazole ... | 2009 | 18717623 |
| cellular and stress protein responses to the uv filter 3-benzylidene camphor in the amphipod crustacean gammarus fossarum (koch 1835). | chemical ultraviolet (uv) filters are used in various products and could be released into the environment, for example, via sunscreens used at swimming lakes. uv filters have been found in surface waters in the past but only a few investigations have concentrated on the effects of these substances in the environment. this study investigates the effects of a uv filter in the amphipod gammarus fossarum at the cellular and molecular level. stress protein (hsp70) responses and reactions of hepatopan ... | 2008 | 17985174 |
| sex steroid receptor evolution and signalling in aquatic invertebrates. | in vertebrate reproductive endocrinology sex steroids play a pivotal role via binding to receptors. however, information on the origin and relevance of sex steroids in invertebrates is limited. this review highlights current literature on steroid receptors in aquatic invertebrates and reports on some new findings. it has been shown that invertebrates of the deuterostome clade, such as acrania and echinodermata, respond to estrogens and androgens and, at least in branchiostoma, an estrogen recept ... | 2007 | 17219085 |
| physiological recovery from episodic acid stress does not mean population recovery of gammarus fossarum. | the physiological responses of the acid-sensitive amphipod gammarus fossarum exposed in situ to acid stress (ph4.5 and 5.5) and then transferred back to neutral water were investigated. survival rate and haemolymph [cl(-)] and [na(+)] were assessed after 24, 48 and 72h of exposure in acidic streams and after a recovery period of 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60h. after 24h, exposure to slightly acidic (ph5.5) and strongly acidic water (ph4.5) led to a severe and significant depletion in haemolymph [na(+)] ... | 2006 | 16678237 |
| the discriminatory power of two biomonitors of trace metal bioavailabilities in freshwater streams. | the relative discriminatory powers of two trace metal biomonitors in european streams (the amphipod crustacean gammarus fossarum and mayfly larvae of the genus baetis-b. rhodani and b. vernus) are compared by discriminant function analysis using data from streams draining a zinc and lead mining area of upper silesia, poland. the mayfly larvae (whether or not distinguished into the two separate species) had the better discriminatory power to distinguish between sites on the basis of local bioavai ... | 2006 | 16620902 |
| bisphenol a in artificial indoor streams: ii. stress response and gonad histology in gammarus fossarum (amphipoda). | the effects of the world wide-distributed chemical bisphenol a (bpa) on the endocrine system of vertebrates have been demonstrated in several studies. here, we report on the impact of bpa (0, 5, 50 and 500 microg/l nominally, deduced effective concentrations 0, 0.24, 2.4, and 24.1 microg/l, respectively, all at 15 degrees c) on the 70 kd stress protein family (hsp70), the 90 kd stress protein family (hsp90), and gonad histology of the crustacean gammarus fossarum exposed in artificial indoor str ... | 2006 | 16374667 |
| riparian plant species loss alters trophic dynamics in detritus-based stream ecosystems. | riparian vegetation is closely connected to stream food webs through input of leaf detritus as a primary energy supply, and therefore, any alteration of plant diversity may influence aquatic ecosystem functioning. we measured leaf litter breakdown rate and associated biological parameters in mesh bags in eight headwater streams bordered either with mixed deciduous forest or with beech forest. the variety of leaf litter types in mixed forest results in higher food quality for large-particle inver ... | 2005 | 16096846 |
| endocrine effects in gammarus fossarum (amphipoda): influence of wastewater effluents, temporal variability, and spatial aspects on natural populations. | in a field study, individuals of autochthounous populations of the amphipod gammarus fossarum were examined for their maturity status, oocyte development, and biochemical parameters associated with their reproductive cycle. variability in these parameters was related to abiotic exposure parameters varying in accordance to wastewater discharges, stream identity, and time. patterns of all investigated parameters showed predominantly seasonal rather than spatial influence for both exposure and biol ... | 2005 | 15970997 |
| behavioural, ventilatory and respiratory responses of epigean and hypogean crustaceans to different temperatures. | impact of temperature (from -2 to 28 degrees c) on survival, oxygen consumption, locomotory and ventilatory activities was measured in two aquatic subterranean crustaceans (niphargus rhenorhodanensis and niphargus virei) and in a morphologically close surface-dwelling crustacean (gammarus fossarum). the hypogean n. virei presented all characteristics of a stenothermal organism: it showed small thermal plasticity and optimised its performance on a narrow range of temperature. in contrast, the epi ... | 2005 | 15893488 |
| does the environment or the source of the population define stress status and energy supply in the freshwater amphipod, gammarus fossarum? | to investigate the effects of acclimation and/or adaptation on the stress protein (hsc/hsp70) response, adenylate energy charge (ace), atp/adp ratio and both lipid and glycogen supply, specimens of four different populations of the freshwater amphipod gammarus fossarum (koch, 1835) were transplanted and exposed at sites with various levels of pollution. induction of the stress protein response was highest in those gammarids transplanted from nearly unpolluted or just moderately polluted sites to ... | 2004 | 15673217 |
| laboratory simulation of a mining accident: acute toxicity, hsc/hsp70 response, and recovery from stress in gammarus fossarum (crustacea, amphipoda) exposed to a pulse of cadmium. | the rate of survival and stress protein (hsc/hsp70) response were investigated in the freshwater amphipod, gammarus fossarum koch, 1835, during a 20-day stress and recovery experiment. adult females and males, were separately exposed to 9 different cadmium concentrations for 5 days to simulate a short-term pulse of xenobiotics in an aquatic environment, followed by a recovery period of 15 days. in terms of mortality, females were much more sensitive to cadmium than males; 4.28 +/- 2.45 microg cd ... | 2003 | 12680701 |
| toxicity and bioaccumulation of arsenic and chromium in epigean and hypogean freshwater macroinvertebrates. | lethal toxicity levels of two inorganic water pollutants, chromium (cr6+) and arsenic (as3+), were determined toward six freshwater macroinvertebrate species collected from a single field site. crustaceans were represented by two amphipod species, an epigean one (gammarus fossarum) and a hypogean one (niphargus rhenorhodanensis), and by an isopod species (asellus aquaticus). there were two insect larvae, heptagenia sulphurea (ephemeroptera) and hydropsiche pellucidula (trichoptera) and a snail, ... | 2001 | 11443365 |
| hyperventilation and loss of hemolymph na+ and cl- in the freshwater amphipod gammarus fossarum exposed to acid stress: a preliminary study. | the effect of acidification on the acid-sensitive species gammarus fossarum was investigated in the laboratory. the results showed that as mortality increased, mean hemolymph chloride and sodium concentrations decreased rapidly. concomitantly, organisms hyperventilated during the first 24 h and then started to hypoventilate. these results demonstrated that exposure to acid stress in the acid-sensitive species g. fossarum led to ion-regulatory and respiratory failure as previously reported in fis ... | 2001 | 11411648 |
| artificial indoor streams as a method to investigate the impact of chemicals on lotic communities. | the potential hazard of chemicals on aquatic communities are generally evaluated by standardised single-species bioassays. safety assessment is based on results gained from organisms adapted to lentic systems and biological interactions in ecosystems are neglected. while lotic communities are often at first in contact with chemicals, it is astonishing that microcosms with lentic communities are mainly used as a bridge between laboratory bioassays and outdoor aquatic systems. hence, we establishe ... | 2001 | 11360793 |
| mitochondrial dna variation and the evolutionary history of cryptic gammarus fossarum types. | the evolutionary history of the cryptic gammarus fossarum species complex (crustacea, amphipoda) in central europe was approached by investigating the genetic variation in populations of a natural contact zone. nucleotide sequence variation of a 395-bp segment of the mitochondrial 16s rrna gene was compared to that of six nuclear allozyme loci. three major mtdna lineages were found, the eastern clade being consistent with the former allozyme type a. the two western clades (types b and c) were no ... | 2000 | 10837155 |
| comparative study on the metabolic responses of subterranean and surface-dwelling amphipods to long-term starvation and subsequent refeeding | the effects of long-term starvation and subsequent refeeding on intermediary and energy metabolism were investigated in two subterranean aquatic crustaceans, niphargus rhenorhodanensis and niphargus virei, and in a morphologically similar surface-dwelling species, gammarus fossarum. the metabolic response to prolonged food deprivation was monophasic in g. fossarum, showing an immediate, linear and large decline in all of the energy reserves. in contrast, both subterranean organisms displayed suc ... | 1999 | 10574735 |
| the activities of enzymes associated with the intermediary and energy metabolism in hypogean and epigean crustaceans. | the activities of 18 enzymes involved in the intermediary and energy metabolism were measured in certain widely-spread peracarid crustaceans: 3 hypogean (niphargus virei, niphargus rhenorhodanensis and stenasellus virei) and 2 epigean (gammarus fossarum and asellus aquaticus) ones. the activities of numerous enzymes were correlated with the known metabolic rates of the 5 species. such rates are reduced in hypogean organisms: levels of enzymatic activity in subterranean species were 1.2 to 8.6 ti ... | 1996 | 9091176 |
| ventilatory and locomotory activities in anoxia and subsequent recovery of epigean and hypogean crustaceans. | locomotory and ventilatory responses to severe hypoxia and subsequent recovery were investigated in 3 amphipod crustaceans: 2 hypogean species (1 interstitial species niphargus rhenorhodanensis and 1 karstic species n. virei) and 1 epigean species (gammarus fossarum), and in an epigean population of 1 isopod crustacean (asellus aquaticus). these species displayed respectively 46.7 h, 52.1 h, 6.3 h and 19.7 h lethal times for 50% of the population (lt50) values for anoxic survival. the aim of thi ... | 1995 | 7671005 |
| the contribution of fungal enzymes to the digestion of leaves by gammarus fossarum koch (amphipoda). | gut extracts of gammarus fossarum liberated reducing substances (at ph values ≤7) and amino acids (ph≥7) from freshly shed oak leaves only after removal of soluble leaf phenols. when carboxymethylcellulose was used at a concentration equal to that of leaf cellulose, release of reducing substances was considerably higher. fungal enzymes extracted from decomposing leaves were active against structural carbohydrates but showed no proteolytic activity. at low ph values, they retained their full acti ... | 1982 | 28310100 |
| temperature-related intraspecific variability in the behavioral manipulation of acanthocephalan parasites on their gammarid hosts. | understanding the effect of temperature on ecologically important species has become a major challenge in the context of global warming. however, the consequences of climate change cannot be accurately predicted without taking into consideration biotic interactions. parasitic infection, in particular, constitutes a widespread biotic interaction, and parasites impact their hosts in multiple ways, eventually leading to consequences for communities and ecosystems. we explored the effect of temperat ... | 2017 | 28654335 |