| butyltins degradation by cunninghamella elegans and cochliobolus lunatus co-culture. | organotin compounds are ubiquitous in environment. however, biodegradation of tributyltin (tbt) and dibutyltin (dbt) to non toxic metabolites by fungi has been seldom observed. in this study we constructed a fungal co-culture with an efficient ability of tbt and its metabolites removal. the microscopic fungus strain cunninghamella elegans degraded tbt via hydroxybutyldibutyltin (ohbudbt) to its metabolites: dbt and monobutyltin (mbt), which were then transformed by cochliobolus lunatus. the sequ ... | 2012 | 23314396 |
| mycotoxins produced by fusarium spp. associated with fusarium head blight of wheat in western australia. | an isolated occurrence of fusarium head blight (fhb) of wheat was detected in the south-west region of western australia during the 2003 harvest season. the molecular identity of 23 isolates of fusarium spp. collected from this region during the fhb outbreak confirmed the associated pathogens to be f. graminearum, f. acuminatum or f. tricinctum. moreover, the toxicity of their crude extracts from czapek-dox liquid broth and millet seed cultures to brine shrimp (artemia franciscana) was associate ... | 2012 | 23606046 |
| digestive tract of la plata dolphin, pontoporia blainvillei. i. oesophagus and stomach. | | 2015 | 4479089 |
| bioactivity of syzygium jambos methanolic extracts: antibacterial activity and toxicity. | methanol extracts from s. jambos leaves were tested for antimicrobial activity and toxicity. s. jambos leaf extract inhibited the growth of 4 of the 14 bacteria tested (29%). both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial growths were inhibited by s. jambos leaf extract, although gram-positive bacteria appeared more susceptible. two of the 10 gram-negative bacteria (20%) and 2 of the 4 gram-positive bacteria (50%) tested had their growths inhibited by the extract. the leaf extract also proved to ... | 2010 | 21808530 |
| a comparison of the antimicrobial activity and toxicity of six combretum and two terminalia species from southern africa. | plants of the family combretaceae are amongst the most widely used plants for traditional medicinal purposes in southern africa. in particular, many species of combretum and terminalia are used for their antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiviral, antidiarrhoeal, analgesic, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, yet their antimicrobial potential has not been rigorously studied and compared. | 2015 | 25709234 |
| the small heat shock protein p26 aids development of encysting artemia embryos, prevents spontaneous diapause termination and protects against stress. | artemia franciscana embryos enter diapause as encysted gastrulae, a physiological state of metabolic dormancy and enhanced stress resistance. the objective of this study was to use rnai to investigate the function of p26, an abundant, diapause-specific small heat shock protein, in the development and behavior of encysted artemia embryos (cysts). rnai methodology was developed where injection of artemia females with dsrna specifically eliminated p26 from cysts. p26 mrna and protein knock down wer ... | 2012 | 22952748 |
| metabolic restructuring during energy-limited states: insights from artemia franciscana embryos and other animals. | many life history stages of animals that experience environmental insults enter developmental arrested states that are characterized by reduced cellular proliferation, with or without a concurrent reduction in overall metabolism. in the case of the most profound metabolic arrest reported in invertebrates, i.e., anaerobic quiescence in artemia franciscana embryos, acidification of the intracellular milieu is a major factor governing catabolic and anabolic downregulation. release of ions from intr ... | 2011 | 21335009 |
| evidence of positive selection of aquaporins genes from pontoporia blainvillei during the evolutionary process of cetaceans. | marine mammals are well adapted to their hyperosmotic environment. several morphological and physiological adaptations for water conservation and salt excretion are known to be present in cetaceans, being responsible for regulating salt balance. however, most previous studies have focused on the unique renal physiology of marine mammals, but the molecular bases of these mechanisms remain poorly explored. many genes have been identified to be involved in osmotic regulation, including the aquapori ... | 2015 | 26226365 |
| light and transmission electron microscopy of vibrio campbellii infection in gnotobiotic artemia franciscana and protection offered by a yeast mutant with elevated cell wall glucan. | luminescent vibrios are amongst the most important pathogens in aquaculture, affecting almost all types of cultured organisms. vibrio campbellii is one of these most important pathogens. in this study, the effects of feeding mnn9 yeast cell wall mutant and wild type yeast strain were investigated in the digestive tract of brine shrimp nauplii, artemia franciscana, after experimental infection with v. campbellii (lmg 21363). gnotobiotic a. franciscana nauplii were fed daily with dead aeromonas hy ... | 2012 | 22464490 |
| marine lactobacillus pentosus h16 protects artemia franciscana from vibrio alginolyticus pathogenic effects. | vibrio alginolyticus is an opportunistic pathogen which may affect different aquatic organisms. the aim of this study was to assess the probiotic properties and the protective mode of action of lactobacillus pentosus h16 against v. alginolyticus 03/8525, through in vitro and in vivo studies using artemia franciscana (hereafter artemia). this strain showed antimicrobial activity against v. alginolyticus 03/8525 and aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida atcc33658 possibly related to lactobacill ... | 2015 | 25667335 |
| group 1 lea proteins, an ancestral plant protein group, are also present in other eukaryotes, and in the archeae and bacteria domains. | water is an essential element for living organisms, such that various responses have evolved to withstand water deficit in all living species. the study of these responses in plants has had particular relevance given the negative impact of water scarcity on agriculture. among the molecules highly associated with plant responses to water limitation are the so-called late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins. these proteins are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom and accumulate during the late phase ... | 2013 | 23861025 |
| evaluation of the probiotics bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum bioencapsulated in artemia nauplii against vibriosis in european sea bass larvae (dicentrarchus labrax, l.). | two potential probiotics bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum were evaluated for use in aquaculture as preventive measures against vibriosis. in vitro evaluation of the probiotics using co-culture assays with the pathogen vibrio anguillarum and testing for the production of antibacterial substances showed the presence of antagonism and confirmed the production of antibacterial substances. both potential probiotics were administered to the live fish feed artemia franciscana nauplii, offe ... | 2012 | 22806117 |
| carbazole hydroxylation by the filamentous fungi of the cunninghamella species. | nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, especially carbazole, quinolone, and pyridine are common types of environmental pollutants. carbazole has a toxic influence on living organisms, and the knowledge of its persistence and bioconversion in ecosystems is still not complete. there is an increasing interest in detoxification of hazardous xenobiotics by microorganisms. in this study, the ability of three filamentous fungi of the cunninghamella species to eliminate carbazole was evaluated. the cunningham ... | 2015 | 26276273 |
| study of model systems to test the potential function of artemia group 1 late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins. | embryos of the brine shrimp, artemia franciscana, are genetically programmed to develop either ovoviparously or oviparously depending on environmental conditions. shortly upon their release from the female, oviparous embryos enter diapause during which time they undergo major metabolic rate depression while simultaneously synthesize proteins that permit them to tolerate a wide range of stressful environmental events including prolonged periods of desiccation, freezing, and anoxia. among the know ... | 2016 | 26462928 |
| feeding truncated heat shock protein 70s protect artemia franciscana against virulent vibrio campbellii challenge. | the 70 kda heat shock proteins (hsp70s) are highly conserved in evolution, leading to striking similarities in structure and composition between eukaryotic hsp70s and their homologs in prokaryotes. the eukaryotic hsp70 like the dnak (escherichia coli equivalent hsp70) protein, consist of three functionally distinct domains: an n-terminal 44-kda atpase portion, an 18-kda peptide-binding domain and a c-terminal 10-kda fragment. previously, the amino acid sequence of eukaryotic (the brine shrimp ar ... | 2013 | 23092733 |
| alachlor oxidation by the filamentous fungus paecilomyces marquandii. | alachlor, a popular chloroacetanilide herbicide, can be a potential health risk factor. soil microorganisms are primarily responsible for conversion and migration of alachlor in natural environment, but knowledge concerning alachlor biodegradation is not complete. therefore, we studied the ability of paecilomyces marquandii, soil fungus tolerant to heavy metals, to eliminate alachlor and proposed a new pathway of its transformation. after 7 days of incubation only 3.3% of alachlor was detected f ... | 2013 | 23974531 |
| the effects of feeding with synbiotic (pediococcus acidilactici and fructooligosaccharide) enriched adult artemia on skin mucus immune responses, stress resistance, intestinal microbiota and performance of angelfish (pterophyllum scalare). | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding on synbiotic (pediococcus acidilactici and fructooligosaccharide) enriched adult artemia franciscana on skin mucus immune responses, stress resistance, intestinal microbiota and growth performance of angelfish (pterophyllum scalare). three hundred and sixty fish with initial weight 3.2 ± 0.13 g were randomly divided into twelve aquaria (50 l) assigned to four groups in triplicates. fish were fed for 7 weeks with dietary treatments, inc ... | 2016 | 27150050 |
| artificial and factitious foods support the development and reproduction of the predatory mite amblyseius swirskii. | the generalist predatory mite amblyseius swirskii athias-henriot (acari: phytoseiidae) was reared on ephestia kuehniella zeller eggs (lepidoptera: pyralidae), decapsulated dry cysts of the brine shrimp artemia franciscana kellogg (anostraca: artemiidae), and on meridic artificial diets (composed of honey, sucrose, tryptone, yeast extract, and egg yolk) supplemented with pupal hemolymph of the chinese oak silkworm antheraea pernyi (guérin-méneville) (lepidoptera: saturniidae) (ad1), with e. kuehn ... | 2014 | 24154947 |
| the suppressor of aac2 lethality sal1 modulates sensitivity of heterologously expressed artemia adp/atp carrier to bongkrekate in yeast. | the adp/atp carrier protein (aac) expressed in artemia franciscana is refractory to bongkrekate. we generated two strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae where aac1 and aac3 were inactivated and the aac2 isoform was replaced with artemia aac containing a hemagglutinin tag (araac-ha). in one of the strains the suppressor of δaac2 lethality, sal1, was also inactivated but a plasmid coding for yeast aac2 was included, because the araacδsal1δ strain was lethal. in both strains araac-ha was expressed and ... | 2013 | 24073201 |
| surface area estimation of the gut segments of artemia franciscana nauplii fed with mnn9 yeast vs. wild type yeast. | | 2013 | 25141655 |
| degradation and toxicity reduction of the endocrine disruptors nonylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol and 4-cumylphenol by the non-ligninolytic fungus umbelopsis isabellina. | nonylphenol (np), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-op) and 4-cumylphenol (4-cp) are pollutants that are known as endocrine disruptors mainly due to their estrogen-mimicking activity. these phenolic substances are used in a wide range of industrial and commercial applications. in the present study, biodegradation of tnp, 4-t-op and 4-cp using the non-ligninolytic fungus umbelopsis isabellina was investigated. after 12h of incubation, more than 90% of initially applied tnp, 4-t-op and 4-cp (25mgl(-1)) were ... | 2016 | 26492175 |
| helminth parasites of artemia franciscana (crustacea: branchiopoda) in the great salt lake, utah: first data from the native range of this invader of european wetlands. | the present study is the first survey on the role of artemia franciscana kellogg as intermediate host of helminth parasites in its native geographical range in north america (previous studies have recorded nine cestode and one nematode species from this host in its invasive habitats in the western mediterranean). samples of artemia franciscana were collected from four sites in the great salt lake (gsl), utah, across several months (june-september 2009). a. franciscana serves as intermediate host ... | 2015 | 26040582 |
| treatment of vibriosis in european sea bass larvae, dicentrarchus labrax l., with oxolinic acid administered by bath or through medicated nauplii of artemia franciscana (kellogg): efficacy and residual kinetics. | european sea bass larvae were challenged by bath with listonella anguillarum strain 332a, 2.5×10(7) cfuml(-1) for 1h. fish either received no treatment or oral treatment with artemia franciscana (kellog) nauplii enriched with oxolinic acid, or bath treatments with oxolinic acid. medication commenced 1day following challenge and was performed on days 1, 3 and 5 post-challenge at a dosage of 20mgl(-1) for 2h for bath treatments, while two doses each of 750 nauplii per fish were administered daily ... | 2012 | 22670590 |
| probing the protective mechanism of poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate against vibriosis by using gnotobiotic artemia franciscana and vibrio campbellii as host-pathogen model. | the compound poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate (phb), a polymer of the short chain fatty acid ß-hydroxybutyrate, was shown to protect experimental animals against a variety of bacterial diseases, (including vibriosis in farmed aquatic animals), albeit through undefined mechanisms. here we aimed at unraveling the underlying mechanism behind the protective effect of phb against bacterial disease using gnotobiotically-cultured brine shrimp artemia franciscana and pathogenic vibrio campbellii as host-pathogen ... | 2015 | 25822312 |
| non-lethal heat shock induces hsp70 and hmgb1 protein production sequentially to protect artemia franciscana against vibrio campbellii. | | 2015 | 25463291 |
| bacillus sp. lt3 improves the survival of gnotobiotic brine shrimp (artemia franciscana) larvae challenged with vibrio campbellii by enhancing the innate immune response and by decreasing the activity of shrimp-associated vibrios. | bacteria belonging to the genus bacillus are amongst the most intensively studied group of bacteria for use as probiotics in aquaculture. however, the exact mechanism of action of these bacteria is often not well described, and the microbiota that are naturally present in cultures of test organisms often compromise the interpretation of the results. the present study aimed to evaluate the putative probiotic effect of bacillus sp. lt3 in a model system with gnotobiotic brine shrimp artemia franci ... | 2014 | 25190276 |
| the vibrio campbellii quorum sensing signals have a different impact on virulence of the bacterium towards different crustacean hosts. | pathogenic bacteria communicate with small signal molecules in a process called quorum sensing, and they often use different signal molecules to regulate virulence gene expression. vibrio campbellii, one of the major pathogens of aquatic organisms, regulates virulence gene expression by a three channel quorum sensing system. here we show that although they use a common signal transduction cascade, the signal molecules have a different impact on the virulence of the bacterium towards different ho ... | 2013 | 24055027 |
| enhanced resistance against vibrio harveyi infection by carvacrol and its association with the induction of heat shock protein 72 in gnotobiotic artemia franciscana. | induction of hsp72 is a natural response of stressed organisms that protects against many insults including bacterial diseases in farm (aquatic) animals. it would therefore be of great health benefit to search for natural compounds that are clinically safe yet able to induce hsp72 in animals. the phenolic compound carvacrol, an approved food component, had been shown in in vitro study to act as a co-inducer of hsp72, enhancing hsp72 production only in combination with a bona fide stress compared ... | 2017 | 28303510 |
| the gnotobiotic brine shrimp (artemia franciscana) model system reveals that the phenolic compound pyrogallol protects against infection through its prooxidant activity. | the phenolic compound pyrogallol is the functional unit of many polyphenols and currently there has been a growing interest in using this compound in human and animal health owing to its health-promoting effects. the biological actions of pyrogallol moiety (and polyphenols) in inducing health benefitting effects have been studied; however, the mechanisms of action remain unclear yet. here, we aimed at unravelling the underlying mechanism of action behind the protective effects of pyrogallol agai ... | 2015 | 26459033 |
| the apparent quorum-sensing inhibitory activity of pyrogallol is a side effect of peroxide production. | there currently is more and more interest in the use of natural products, such as tea polyphenols, as therapeutic agents. the polyphenol compound pyrogallol has been reported before to inhibit quorum-sensing-regulated bioluminescence in vibrio harveyi. here, we report that the addition of 10 mg · liter(-1) pyrogallol protects both brine shrimp (artemia franciscana) and giant river prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii) larvae from pathogenic vibrio harveyi, whereas the compound showed relatively low ... | 2013 | 23545532 |
| monitoring of vibrio harveyi quorum sensing activity in real time during infection of brine shrimp larvae. | quorum sensing, bacterial cell-to-cell communication, has been linked to the virulence of pathogenic bacteria. indeed, in vitro experiments have shown that many bacterial pathogens regulate the expression of virulence genes by this cell-to-cell communication process. moreover, signal molecules have been detected in samples retrieved from infected hosts and quorum sensing disruption has been reported to result in reduced virulence in different host-pathogen systems. however, data on in vivo quoru ... | 2012 | 22673627 |
| bacteriostatic anti-vibrio parahaemolyticus activity of pseudoalteromonas sp. strains dit09, dit44 and dit46 isolated from southern chilean intertidal perumytilus purpuratus. | we characterised the anti-vibrio parahaemolyticus (anti-v. parahaemolyticus) marine bacteria dit09, dit44 and dit46 isolated from the intertidal mussel perumytilus purpuratus. the 16s rrna gene sequences identify a pseudoalteromonas sp. that form a clade with p. prydzensis and p. mariniglutinosa. the strains produced bacteriostatic anti-v. parahaemolyticus agents during the exponential growth phase, which were also active against v. cholerae and v. anguillarum, but not on other gram positive and ... | 2012 | 22806110 |
| evaluation of a battery of marine species-based bioassays against raw and treated municipal wastewaters. | the present study evaluates a battery of marine species-based bioassays against chemically characterized municipal wastewater samples (raw and wwtp treated). we estimated dunaliella tertiolecta growth rate inhibition (24-96h ic50 values), artemia franciscana immobilization (24h lc50 values), mussel hemocytes viability and lipid peroxidation enhancement (in terms of neutral red retention assay/nrrt and malondialdehyde/mda content, respectively) in influent- and wwtp effluent-treated species. we f ... | 2017 | 27676080 |
| characterization of the distal-less gene homologue, nldll, in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål). | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), is a globally devastating insect pest of rice, particularly in eastern asia. distal-less or dll is a highly conserved and well studied transcription factor required for limb formation in invertebrates and vertebrates. we have identified a homologue of this gene, nldll, and demonstrated that it is expressed in all life stages of n. lugens, particularly in adult brachypterous females. when we compared between specific adult tissues it was expressed ... | 2014 | 24321689 |
| effect of aloe barbadensis miller juice on oxidative stress biomarkers in aerobic cells using artemia franciscana as a model. | this study reports on the induction of oxidative stress in aerobic cell systems by aloe barbadensis miller (aloe vera) juice using the salt water crustacean artemia franciscana as a model. a consistent pattern was observed in which artemia franciscana nauplii responded to aloe vera juice exposure with a decrease in the overall activity of redox related enzymes. exposure of artemia franciscana to sub-lethal levels of aloe vera juice resulted in a decreased activity of thioredoxin reductase, gluta ... | 2010 | 19610042 |
| taxonomic utility of niche models in validating species concepts: a case study in anthophora (heliophila) (hymenoptera: apidae). | taxonomy has far-reaching effects throughout biology, and incorrect taxonomy can be detrimental in many ways. polymorphic species complexes, many of which exist in the bee genus anthophora latreille, lend themselves to such difficulties. this study employs environmental niche mapping (enm) and traditional morphological analyses to investigate the validity of the subjective synonymy of anthophora (heliophila) curta provancher with the senior synonym a. squammulosa dours. eleven of fifty morpholog ... | 2014 | 25112259 |
| moisture source and diet affect development and reproduction of orius thripoborus and orius naivashae, two predatory anthocorids from southern africa. | the effect of moisture source and diet on the development and reproduction of the pirate bugs, orius thripoborus (hesse) and orius naivashae (poppius) (hemiptera: anthocoridae) was examined in the laboratory. both species had been collected in and around sugarcane fields in south africa. supplementing eggs of the flour moth ephestia kuehniella (zeller) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) with a green bean pod as a moisture source yielded better nymphal survival and faster development, as compared with free ... | 2012 | 22935002 |
| environmental contamination and marine mammals in coastal waters from argentina: an overview. | environmental contamination become an increasing global problem. different scientific strategies have been developed in order to assess the impact of pollutants on marine ecosystems. the distribution of toxic contaminants in tissues of different marine mammal species--both cetaceans and pinnipeds--has been studied in many ecosystems, as well as several related ecological processes, like pollutant accumulation or transfer through the food web. a research program directed towards evaluating the oc ... | 1994 | 7973603 |
| functional role of native and invasive filter-feeders, and the effect of parasites: learning from hypersaline ecosystems. | filter-feeding organisms are often keystone species with a major influence on the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems. studies of filtering rates in such taxa are therefore vital in order to understand ecosystem functioning and the impact of natural and anthropogenic stressors such as parasites, climate warming and invasive species. brine shrimps artemia spp. are the dominant grazers in hypersaline systems and are a good example of such keystone taxa. hypersaline ecosystems are relatively simplified ... | 2016 | 27560978 |
| maladaptive sex ratio adjustment in the invasive brine shrimp artemia franciscana. | sex allocation theory is often hailed as the most successful area of evolutionary theory due to its striking success as a predictor of empirical observations [1]. most naturally occurring sex ratios can be explained by the principle of equal investment in the sexes [2-4] or by cases of "extraordinary" sex allocation [5]. deviations from the expected sex ratio are often correlated with weak selection or low environmental predictability (e.g., [6, 7]); true cases of aberrant sex allocation are sur ... | 2016 | 27185556 |
| may arsenic pollution contribute to limiting artemia franciscana invasion in southern spain? | limited information exists regarding the complex interactions between biological invasions, pollution, and climate change. most studies indicate that pollution tends to favor invasive species. here, we provide evidence that arsenic (as) pollution may have a role in limiting the invasion of the exotic brine shrimp artemia franciscana. we tested as toxicity in natural populations of artemia parthenogenetica (a native taxon) and a. franciscana from localities in southern spain with differing degree ... | 2016 | 26925327 |
| a comparative toxicity study between an autochthonous artemia and a non native invasive species. | acute heavy metal toxicity was compared in nauplii of an autochthonous artemia parthenogenetica (branchiopoda, anostraca) from saline di cervia (ravenna, italy) and of a non native commercially available a. franciscana. no significant difference in sensitivity was detected between two species. | 2014 | 24825725 |
| multigenerational demographic responses of sexual and asexual artemia to chronic genotoxicity by a reference mutagen. | genotoxins are capable of multigenerational impacts on natural populations via dna damage and mutations. sexual reproduction is assumed to reduce the long term consequences of genotoxicity for individual fitness and should therefore reduce population level effects. however, rather few empirical studies have quantified the magnitude of this effect. we tried to analyse the multigenerational demographic responses of sexual artemia franciscana and asexual artemia parthenogenetica due to chronic geno ... | 2013 | 24141038 |
| effects of genotoxicity and its consequences at the population level in sexual and asexual artemia assessed by analysis of inter-simple sequence repeats (issr). | there is considerable evidence that genetic damage in organisms occurs in the environment as a result of exposure to genotoxins and ionising radiation, but we have limited understanding of the extent to which this results in adverse consequences at a population level. we used inter-simple sequence repeat (issr) markers to quantify genotoxic effects of the mutagen ethylmethane sulfonate (ems) on a sexual (artemia franciscana) and an asexual (artemia parthenogenetica) species of brine shrimp. the ... | 2013 | 23872504 |
| cryptic microsporidian parasites differentially affect invasive and native artemia spp. | we investigated the host specificity of two cryptic microsporidian species (anostracospora rigaudi and enterocytospora artemiae) infecting invasive (artemia franciscana) and native (artemia parthenogenetica) hosts in sympatry. anostracospora rigaudi was on average four times more prevalent in the native host, whereas e. artemiae was three times more prevalent in the invasive host. infection with an. rigaudi strongly reduced female reproduction in both host species, whereas infection with e. arte ... | 2013 | 23851079 |
| cytological, molecular and life cycle characterization of anostracospora rigaudi n. g., n. sp. and enterocytospora artemiae n. g., n. sp., two new microsporidian parasites infecting gut tissues of the brine shrimp artemia. | two new microsporidia, anostracospora rigaudi n. g., n. sp., and enterocytospora artemiae n. g., n. sp. infecting the intestinal epithelium of artemia parthenogenetica bowen and sterling, 1978 and artemia franciscana kellogg, 1906 in southern france are described. molecular analyses revealed the two species belong to a clade of microsporidian parasites that preferentially infect the intestinal epithelium of insect and crustacean hosts. these parasites are morphologically distinguishable from oth ... | 2013 | 23731593 |
| differential responses of sexual and asexual artemia to genotoxicity by a reference mutagen: is the comet assay a reliable predictor of population level responses? | the impact of chronic genotoxicity to natural populations is always questioned due to their reproductive surplus. we used a comet assay to quantify primary dna damage after exposure to a reference mutagen ethyl methane sulfonate in two species of crustacean with different reproductive strategies (sexual artemia franciscana and asexual artemia parthenogenetica). we then assessed whether this predicted individual performance and population growth rate over three generations. artemia were exposed t ... | 2013 | 23414719 |
| why join groups? lessons from parasite-manipulated artemia. | grouping behaviours (e.g. schooling, shoaling and swarming) are commonly explicated through adaptive hypotheses such as protection against predation, access to mates or improved foraging. however, the hypothesis that aggregation can result from manipulation by parasites to increase their transmission has never been demonstrated. we investigated this hypothesis using natural populations of two crustacean hosts (artemia franciscana and artemia parthenogenetica) infected with one cestode and two mi ... | 2013 | 23351125 |
| further characterization of the cathepsin l-associated protein and its gene in two species of the brine shrimp, artemia. | the major cysteine protease in embryos and larvae of the brine shrimp artemia franciscana is a heterodimer composed of a cathepsin l-like polypeptide of 28.5 kda and a 31.5 kda polypeptide called the cathepsin l-associated protein or clap. in a previous study, clap was shown to be a cell adhesion protein containing two fas i domains and two gtp/atp binding sites known as walker a and b motifs. here, we have characterized clap and its genes to better understand the role of this protein in artemia ... | 2006 | 16962350 |
| comparing the acute response to cadmium toxicity of nauplii from different populations of artemia. | the lethal responses to cadmium of instar ii nauplii from eight populations of artemia belonging to the species artemia franciscana, artemia salina, artemia persimilis, and artemia parthenogenetica have been compared. generalized linear models were used to fit mortality. the model indicates that there is a relationship between species, type of population, and mortality rate. the two populations of a. franciscana were the most sensitive to cadmium toxicity (median lethal concentration, lc50, of 9 ... | 2002 | 11833813 |
| high dna sequence variability at the alpha 1 na/k-atpase locus of artemia franciscana (brine shrimp): polymorphism in a gene for salt-resistance in a salt-resistant organism. | we previously reported that the na/k-atpase alpha 1 subunit coding gene showed signs of being a very polymorphic locus in artemia franciscana. this species is adapted to highly saline waters, and the na/k-atpase alpha 1 isoform presumably plays a key role in this adaptation. therefore, we were interested in further study of the alpha 1 na/k-atpase polymorphisms to examine whether they might be due to an adaptation to salt resistance driven by natural selection. using coding sequences from 10 gen ... | 2000 | 10677846 |
| identification and characterization of a masculinizer (masc) gene involved in sex differentiation in artemia. | the sex of relatively primitive animals such as invertebrates is mostly determined by environmental factors and chromosome ploidy. heteromorphic chromosomes may also play an important role, as in the zw system in lepidopterans. however, the mechanisms of these various sex determination systems are still largely undefined. in the present study, a masculinizer gene (ar-masc) was identified in the crustacean artemia franciscana kellogg 1906. sequence analysis revealed that the 1140-bp full-length o ... | 2017 | 28300613 |
| aph-1, a pou homeobox gene expressed in the salt gland of the crustacean artemia franciscana. | we characterized the first pou-homeoprotein in a crustacean (designated aph-1 for artemia pou-homeoprotein, embl y15070). the amino acid sequence of the aph-1 pou-domain is identical, except for two residues, to that of the two class iii pou proteins cf1-a (drosophila) and pou-m1 (bombyx mori). southern blot analysis suggests that crustaceans have only one class iii pou gene. rt-pcr and whole-mount in situ hybridization show that aph-1 mrna is present in larvae specifically in the salt gland, an ... | 1999 | 10495289 |
| group 3 late embryogenesis abundant proteins from embryos of artemia franciscana: structural properties and protective abilities during desiccation. | group 3 late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins are highly hydrophilic, and their expression is associated with desiccation tolerance in both plants and animals. here we show that two lea proteins from embryos of artemia franciscana, afrlea2 and afrlea3m, are intrinsically disordered in solution but upon desiccation gain secondary structure, as measured by circular dichroism. trifluoroethanol and sodium dodecyl sulfate are both shown to induce α-helical structure in afrlea2 and afrlea3m. bioi ... | 2014 | 25244376 |
| [evaluation of psilocybe cubensis (agaricales, basidiomycota) toxicity over artemia franciscana (crustacea, anostraca)]. | psilocybe cubensis is a species with psychodysleptic action that grows on cattle dung in pastures in the tropics and subtropics. this fungus has been widely used in mexico since ancient times both for ceremonies and rituals, as well as for healing or medicinal purposes. artemia franciscana is a crustacean frequently used as a model organism for toxicity testing. | 2013 | 22728109 |
| absence of ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition but presence of bongkrekate-sensitive nucleotide exchange in c. crangon and p. serratus. | mitochondria from the embryos of brine shrimp (artemia franciscana) do not undergo ca(2+)-induced permeability transition in the presence of a profound ca(2+) uptake capacity. furthermore, this crustacean is the only organism known to exhibit bongkrekate-insensitive mitochondrial adenine nucleotide exchange, prompting the conjecture that refractoriness to bongkrekate and absence of ca(2+)-induced permeability transition are somehow related phenomena. here we report that mitochondria isolated fro ... | 2012 | 22768139 |
| how marine debris ingestion differs among megafauna species in a tropical coastal area. | the marine debris ingested by megafauna species (trichiurus lepturus, chelonia mydas, pontoporia blainvillei, and sotalia guianensis) was recorded in a coastal area of southeastern brazil (21-23°s). marine debris was recorded in all species, mainly consisting of plastic material (flexible and hard plastics - clear, white, and colored- and nylon filaments). the 'pelagic predators' t. lepturus and s. guianesis showed the lowest percent frequencies of debris ingestion (0.7% and 1.3%, respectively), ... | 2014 | 25256299 |
| toxicity evaluation of diethylene glycol and its combined effects with produced waters of off-shore gas platforms in the adriatic sea (italy): bioassays with marine/estuarine species. | diethylene glycol (deg) is commonly used to dehydrate natural gas in off-shore extraction plants and to prevent formation of gas hydrates. it may be released into the sea accidentally or in discharged produced waters (pws). pws samples from off-shore gas platforms in the adriatic sea (italy) have been used in this study. the objectives of the study were: a) to evaluate the toxicity of deg for marine organisms; b) to evaluate if a high deg content in pws may alter their toxicity; c) to verify whe ... | 2012 | 22245535 |
| seawater ecotoxicity of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine. | monoethanolamine (mea), diethanolamine (dea) and triethanolamine (tea) are compounds with potential acute, sub-chronic and chronic toxicity effects towards aquatic species. a literature review highlighted the existence of a gap in the knowledge on their toxicity with saltwater testing species. a battery of toxicity tests including the alga phaeodactylum tricornutum bohlin, the bivalve molluscs crassostrea gigas (thunberg) and mytilus galloprovincialis (lmk), and the crustacean artemia franciscan ... | 2010 | 20022426 |
| toxicity of untreated wood leachates towards two saltwater organisms (crassostrea gigas and artemia franciscana). | wood is widely used in the development of freshwater, estuarine and marine coastlines. timbers last according to their content of naturally occurring preservatives (mostly phenols and aldehydes), produced to prevent decay from biotic agents. when untreated woods are exposed to aquatic media, leachates are generated with likely toxic effects on the target environment. the potential impact on saltwaters of leachates from some untreated timbers of both native and tropical species has been assessed. ... | 2007 | 17141956 |
| an interlaboratory comparison of nanosilver characterisation and hazard identification: harmonising techniques for high quality data. | within the fp7 eu project nanovalid a consortium of six partners jointly investigated the hazard of silver nanoparticles (agnps) paying special attention to methodical aspects that are important for providing high-quality ecotoxicity data. laboratories were supplied with the same original stock dispersion of agnps. all partners applied a harmonised procedure for storage and preparation of toxicity test suspensions. altogether ten different toxicity assays with a range of environmentally relevant ... | 2016 | 26638016 |
| exploring embryonic germ line development in the water flea, daphnia magna, by zinc-finger-containing vasa as a marker. | vasa is an atp-dependent rna helicase belonging to the dead-box family that, in many organisms, is specifically expressed in germ line cells throughout the life cycle, making it a powerful molecular marker to study germ line development. to obtain further information on germ line development in crustaceans, we cloned vasa cdnas from three branchiopod species: water fleas daphnia magna and moina macrocopa, and brine shrimp artemia franciscana. rna helicase domains in branchiopod vasa were highly ... | 2005 | 15939379 |
| ecotoxicity of diethylene glycol and risk assessment for marine environment. | diethylene glycol (deg) is a chemical compound used during offshore oil activities to prevent hydrate formation, and it may be released into the sea. a full ecotoxicological characterization is required according to european and italian regulations for chemical substances. we have evaluated long-term toxic effects of deg on indicator species of the marine environment as algae (phaeodactylum tricornutum), crustaceans (artemia franciscana), molluscs (tapes philippinarum) and fish (dicentrarchus la ... | 2015 | 25463226 |
| improved tolerance to salt and water stress in drosophila melanogaster cells conferred by late embryogenesis abundant protein. | mechanisms that govern anhydrobiosis involve the accumulation of highly hydrophilic macromolecules, such as late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins. group 1 lea proteins comprised of 181 (aflea1.1) and 197 (aflea1.3) amino acids were cloned from embryos of artemia franciscana and expressed in drosophila melanogaster cells (kc167). confocal microscopy revealed a construct composed of green fluorescent protein (gfp) and aflea1.3 accumulates in the mitochondria (aflea1.3-gfp), while aflea1.1-gfp ... | 2013 | 23376561 |
| characterization of a functional serum response element in the actin403 gene promoter from the crustacean artemia franciscana. | the serum response factor (srf) activates expression of several genes in response to growth factors present in serum. srf also regulates the expression of tissue-specific genes, including those in vertebrate muscles. an srf-binding site (carg box) present in the artemia franciscana actin403 promoter was shown to be necessary for transcriptional activity in cultured cells from drosophila melanogaster and mammals. this dna region bound mammalian and drosophila srfs in vitro and mediated transcript ... | 2001 | 11322877 |
| isolation and characterization of the gene coding for artemia franciscana tata-binding protein: expression in cryptobiotic and developing embryos. | genomic and cdna clones coding for the artemia franciscana homolog of the tata box-binding protein (tbp) were isolated. the c-terminal region of the predicted protein displays up to 92% sequence identity with the conserved c-terminal regions of tbps from other species. the gene is divided in seven exons that expand over a region of 33 kb. the position of the four introns located in the conserved c-terminal region has been compared with those of other species. two of these introns have been gener ... | 1999 | 10366711 |
| cloning of a cdna encoding an artemia franciscana na/k atpase alpha-subunit. | clones of cdna that code for an isoform of the artemia franciscana na/k atpase alpha subunit (naka alpha) have been isolated. the sequence of the longest of these clones (paratna136) is 3595 nucleotides; it codes for a 1004-amino acid protein whose sequence is identical to that of two previously sequenced artemia naka alpha peptides. the encoded protein is over 73% identical to drosophila melanogaster and vertebrate naka alpha s, and 73.8% identical to another artemia naka alpha isoform previous ... | 1991 | 1657719 |
| partial sequence of the shrimp penaeus notialis mitochondrial genome. | about half of the mitochondrial dna of the shrimp penaeus notialis (crustacea: decapoda) has been cloned (in 2 overlapping fragments of 7.9 kb and 1 kb) and partially sequenced. the gene content and arrangement are identical to that of the homologous domain in drosophila yakuba. intergenic nucleotides are scarce and a 982 bp non-coding sequence exhibit features similar to that of mtdna control regions. the gene organization and the trna structures differentiate the penaeus notialis mitochondrial ... | 1996 | 8881281 |
| supplemental food that supports both predator and pest: a risk for biological control? | supplemental food sources to support natural enemies in crops are increasingly being tested and used. this is particularly interesting for generalist predators that can reproduce on these food sources. however, a potential risk for pest control could occur when herbivores also benefit from supplemental food sources. in order to optimize biological control, it may be important to select food sources that support predator populations more than herbivore populations. in this study we evaluated the ... | 2015 | 25349063 |
| developmental and reproductive fitness of orius laevigatus (hemiptera: anthocoridae) reared on factitious and artificial diets. | the developmental and reproductive fitness of the polyphagous predator orius laevigatus (fieber) (hemiptera: anthocoridae) was compared on two factitious foods and four artificial diets. adults fed factitious foods (ephestia kuehniella zeller eggs and artemia franciscana kellogg cysts) performed better than those fed artificial diets. among the artificial diets, a diet composed of liver and ground beef scored better than meridic diets based on egg yolk. within the egg yolk-based artificial diets ... | 2008 | 18767719 |
| embryonic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of pcb126 affect prey capture ability of fundulus heteroclitus larvae. | early life stages from a marine fish species, fundulus heteroclitus, were exposed to sublethal doses of 3,3',4,4',5 pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb126) to evaluate its effects on ecologically relevant responses: growth and behavior. a few hours after fertilisation, eggs were treated topically with pcb126 (2.5-50 pg egg⁻¹). four days post-hatching (dph), morphological changes (body length and malformations), spontaneous locomotor activity (active swimming speed, rate of travel, % inactivity), prey captu ... | 2011 | 21349578 |
| bioenhancement of cadmium transfer along a multi-level food chain. | previous studies have shown that metal partitioned to a subcellular compartment containing trophically available metal (tam) is readily available to predators and may be enhanced by increased binding of metal to heat-stable proteins (hsp - e.g., metallothioneins). the aim of the current investigation was to determine the influence of tam on the trophic transfer of cd along an experimental, three-level food chain: artemia franciscana (brine shrimp)-->palaemonetes pugio (grass shrimp)-->fundulus h ... | 2005 | 15603770 |
| growth and lipid composition of atlantic cod (gadus morhua) larvae in response to differently enriched artemia franciscana. | considerable progress has been achieved in the intensive culture of atlantic cod (gadus morhua). however, there is little information concerning optimum live-feed enrichments for cod larvae, since many of the techniques used during the larviculture have been borrowed from other fish species and adapted for the production of atlantic cod. the present study compared four different protocols for the enrichment of artemia to be used as live feed for cod larvae. the protocols tested were: (1) algamac ... | 2008 | 18649026 |
| three new species and a new record of smicridea mclachlan 1871 (trichoptera: hydropsychidae) from minas gerais state, brazil. | three new species of smicridea mclachlan 1871 are described and illustrated based on specimens collected in parque nacional da serra da canastra and its surrounding area, minas gerais state, southeastern brazil. smicridea (rhyacophylax) necator sp. nov. possibly belongs to the s. (r.) dispar group, but its placement in this group is weakly supported; s. (smicridea) franciscana sp. nov. belongs to the s. (s.) nigripennis group based on morphology of the phallus; s. (s.) sepala sp. nov. is a membe ... | 2016 | 27394831 |
| a case study to optimise and validate the brine shrimp artemia franciscana immobilisation assay with silver nanoparticles: the role of harmonisation. | brine shrimp artemia sp. has been recognised as an important ecotoxicity and nanotoxicity test model organism for salt-rich aquatic environments, but currently there is still no harmonised testing protocol which would ensure the comparable results for hazard identification. in this paper we aimed to design the harmonised protocol for nanomaterial toxicity testing using artemia franciscana and present a case study to validate the protocol with silver nanoparticles (agnps). we (i) revised the exis ... | 2016 | 26895539 |
| pcb and pbde levels in a highly threatened dolphin species from the southeastern brazilian coast. | in the northern coast of rio de janeiro state is located the major urban centers of the oil and gas industry of brazil. the intense urbanization in recent decades caused an increase in human use of the coastal areas, which is constantly impacted by agricultural, industrial and wastewater discharges. franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei) is a small cetacean that inhabits coastal regions down to a 30 m depth. this species is considered the most threatened cetacean in the western south atlan ... | 2016 | 26552541 |
| genetic diversity and population structure of synthesium pontoporiae (digenea, brachycladiidae) linked to its definitive host stocks, the endangered franciscana dolphin, pontoporia blainvillei (pontoporiidae) off the coast of brazil and argentina. | pontoporia blainvillei (gervais and d'orbigny, 1844) is an endangered small cetacean endemic to south america with four franciscana management areas (fma) recognized as different population stocks. the role of the intestinal parasite synthesium pontoporiae (digenea: brachycladiidae) as a possible biological marker to differentiate p. blainvillei stocks was evaluated using nuclear and mitochondrial dna markers. internal transcribed sequence 1 and 2 (its1 and its2) regions of s. pontoporiae did no ... | 2015 | 26262593 |
| can artemia hatching assay be a (sensitive) alternative tool to acute toxicity test? | artemia sp. is extensively used in ecotoxicity testing, despite criticisms inherent to both acute and long-term tests. alternative endpoints and procedures should be considered to support the use of this biological model. the hatching process comprises several developmental steps and the cyst hatchability seems acceptable as endpoint criterion. in this study, we assessed the reliability of the hatching assay on a. franciscana by comparing with acute and long-term mortality tests, using two chemi ... | 2015 | 26245451 |
| artemia franciscana as a vector for infectious myonecrosis virus (imnv) to litopenaeus vannamei juvenile. | in 2004, the infectious myonecrosis virus (imnv) was recognized as the main cause of litopenaeusvannamei shrimp culture's drop in brazil. in health animal control programs, in order to reduce virus prevalence in production units it is necessary to screen live feed used. among live diets used in aquaculture, the brine shrimp artemia sp. is essential in crustacean larviculture and maturation. the aim of the present study was to investigate the susceptibility of artemiafranciscana to imnv through a ... | 2015 | 25676109 |
| detoxification and color removal of congo red by a novel dietzia sp. (dts26) - a microcosm approach. | the present study deals with the decolorization and detoxification of congo red (cr) by a novel marine bacterium dietzia sp. (dts26) isolated from divar island, goa, india. the maximum decolorization of 94.5% (100 mg l(-1)) was observed under static condition within 30 h at ph 8 and temperature 32±2°c. bacterially treated samples could enhance the light intensity by 38% and the primary production levels 5 times higher than the untreated. the strain was also able to reduce cod by 86.4% within 30 ... | 2015 | 25600715 |
| pbde levels in franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei): temporal trend and geographical comparison. | total pbde concentrations determined in archived blubber samples from franciscana dolphins (pontoporia blainvillei) unintentionally captured in the brazilian coastal region off rio grande do sul state (fma iii) between 1994 and 2004 (n = 73) ranged from 7.9 to 65 ng g(-1) lipid weight in mature males, with an increase over the ten-year period. total pbde concentrations in blubber samples collected from the fam ii (n = 41) between 2002 and 2005 were higher (67.8 to 763.7 ng g(-1)lw) than those fr ... | 2014 | 24954561 |
| the distribution of fruit and seed toxicity during development for eleven neotropical trees and vines in central panama. | secondary compounds in fruit mediate interactions with natural enemies and seed dispersers, influencing plant survival and species distributions. the functions of secondary metabolites in plant defenses have been well-studied in green tissues, but not in reproductive structures of plants. in this study, the distribution of toxicity within plants was quantified and its influence on seed survival was determined in central panama. to investigate patterns of allocation to chemical defenses and shift ... | 2013 | 23843965 |
| selenium biotransformations in an engineered aquatic ecosystem for bioremediation of agricultural wastewater via brine shrimp production. | an engineered aquatic ecosystem was specifically designed to bioremediate selenium (se), occurring as oxidized inorganic selenate from hypersalinized agricultural drainage water while producing brine shrimp enriched in organic se and omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids for use in value added nutraceutical food supplements. selenate was successfully bioremediated by microalgal metabolism into organic se (seleno-amino acids) and partially removed via gaseous volatile se formation. furthermore, filter- ... | 2013 | 23621086 |
| kinase inhibitory, haemolytic and cytotoxic activity of three deep-water sponges from north western australia and their fatty acid composition. | the c-amp dependent protein kinase (pka) inhibition, haemolytic activity, and cytoxicity of 21 extracts obtained from north western australian sponges collected from depths of 84-135 m were investigated. hexane extracts from ircinia/sarcotragus sp. and geodia sp. displayed pka inhibitory activities of 100 and 97% respectively (at 100 microg/ml), while aq. methanol extracts from haliclona sp. exhibited potent haemolytic activity (75%) and hexane extracts from geodia sp. were highly toxic (88%) to ... | 2011 | 22312740 |
| organochlorine concentrations in franciscana dolphins, pontoporia blainvillei, from brazilian waters. | blubber samples were collected from ten franciscana dolphins either incidentally captured in fishing operations or stranded on são paulo (sp) and paraná (pr) states littoral, southeastern and southern brazilian coast, respectively. determination of pcb, ddt and hcb concentrations were performed by capillary gas chromatograph coupled to electron capture detector (ecd). σddt, σpcb and hcb concentrations ranged from 264 ng g(-1) to 5811 ng g(-1) lipid, from 909 ng g(-1) to 5849 ng g(-1) lipid and f ... | 2011 | 21726890 |
| levels of persistent organic pollutants and residual pattern of ddts in small cetaceans from the coast of são paulo, brazil. | the state of são paulo is the most developed area in brazil and was impacted by persistent organic pollutants for several decades. this study investigated organochlorines in five species of small cetaceans (pontoporia blainvillei, stenella frontalis, sotalia guianensis, tursiops truncatus and steno bredanensis) found dead along the coast of são paulo between 1997 and 2003. ddts (15.9 μg g(-1) lipid; mean for all pooled individuals) and pcbs (8.08 μg g(-1)) exhibited the highest concentrations in ... | 2010 | 20699191 |
| a baseline study of perfluorochemicals in franciscana dolphin and subantarctic fur seal from coastal waters of southern brazil. | | 2008 | 18295806 |
| highly repetitive dna sequence in parthenogenetic artemia. | the study of the structural organization of the eukaryotic genome is one of the most important tools for disclosing the evolutionary relationships between species. artemia (crustacea, phyllopoda) offers a very interesting model for speciation studies. the genus, distributed all over the world, comprises both bisexual sibling species and parthenogenetic populations, exhibiting different chromosome numbers (diploidy, polyploidy, and heteroploidy). digestion of genomic dna of the parthenogenetic ar ... | 1991 | 1901366 |
| assessing disease and mortality among small cetaceans stranded at a world heritage site in southern brazil. | cetaceans are considered environmental sentinels and their health often reflects either anthropogenic or natural spatio-temporal disturbances. this study investigated the pathological findings and mortality of small cetaceans with the aim of detecting hazards and monitoring health trends in a high-biodiversity area. between 2007 and 2012, 218 stranded cetaceans were recorded on the paraná coast, southern brazil. fifty-seven (26.1%) of these animals, including 50 sotalia guianensis, 2 pontoporia ... | 2016 | 26871703 |
| defense systems in developing artemia franciscana nauplii and their modulation by probiotic bacteria offer protection against a vibrio anguillarum challenge. | the alterations of immune responses of artemia franciscana nauplii as a function of culture time and after a challenge with the pathogen vibrio anguillarum were studied. the effect of the administration of the probiotic bacteria bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactococcus lactis either alone or in combination with the pathogen was evaluated. the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione reductase (gred), glutathione transferase (gst) and phenoloxi ... | 2017 | 28478257 |
| prey species of franciscana pontoporia blainvillei as paratenic hosts of helminths. | the distribution of franciscana pontoporia blainvillei gervais & d'orbigny, 1884, is restricted to the estuarine and coastal waters of the southwestern atlantic. the diet of this dolphin is composed of fishes, squids, and shrimps, many of which harbor helminths that may infect franciscana. larval forms of the trematode synthesium pontoporiae and the acanthocephalan bolbosoma turbinella have been recorded in franciscana; however, they have not yet been identified in any of the prey species of thi ... | 2017 | 28322211 |
| assessing host-parasite specificity through coprological analysis: a case study with species of corynosoma (acanthocephala: polymorphidae) from marine mammals. | in this paper we report an investigation of the utility of coprological analysis as an alternative technique to study parasite specificity whenever host sampling is problematic; acanthocephalans from marine mammals were used as a model. a total of 252 scats from the south american sea lion, otaria flavescens, and rectal faeces from 43 franciscanas, pontoporia blainvillei, from buenos aires province, were examined for acanthocephalans. specimens of two species, i.e. corynosoma australe and c. cet ... | 2012 | 21554836 |
| corynosoma cetaceum in the stomach of franciscanas, pontoporia blainvillei (cetacea): an exceptional case of habitat selection by an acanthocephalan. | adult acanthocephalans are typically found in the intestine of vertebrates, where they can readily absorb nutrients. however, corynosoma cetaceum has been frequently reported in the stomach of cetaceans from the southern hemisphere. the ecological significance of this habitat was investigated by examining data on number, sex ratio, maturity status, biomass, and fecundity of c. cetaceum in different parts of the digestive tract of 44 franciscanas pontoporia blainvillei. individual c. cetaceum occ ... | 2001 | 11426715 |
| comparing cestode infections and their consequences for host fitness in two sexual branchiopods: alien artemia franciscana and native a. salina from syntopic-populations. | the american brine shrimp artemia franciscana is invasive in the mediterranean region where it has displaced native species (the sexual a. salina, and the clonal a. parthenogenetica) from many salt pond complexes. artemia populations are parasitized by numerous avian cestodes whose effects have been studied in native species. we present a study from the ebro delta salterns (ne spain), in a salt pond where both a. franciscana and native a. salina populations coexist, providing a unique opportunit ... | 2015 | 26157636 |
| larval helminths in the invasive american brine shrimp artemia franciscana throughout its annual cycle. | one of the best examples of rapid displacement of native species by an invader is the eradication of native artemia salina and a. parthenogenetica in the mediterranean by the introduced american a. franciscana. previous studies based on sampling from limited time periods suggest that the success of the american species as a competitor may be due partly to different parasite burden, since native artemia spp. have high cestode infection rates regulating their density. the aim of this study is to t ... | 2014 | 25119350 |
| the early bird gets the shrimp: confronting assumptions of isotopic equilibrium and homogeneity in a wild bird population. | 1. because stable isotope distributions in organic material vary systematically across energy gradients that exist in ecosystems, community and population structures, and in individual physiological systems, isotope values in animal tissues have helped address a broad range of questions in animal ecology. it follows that every tissue sample provides an isotopic profile that can be used to study dietary or movement histories of individual animals. interpretations of these profiles depend on the a ... | 2012 | 22631029 |
| concentrations of selenium and mercury in eared grebes (podiceps nigricollis) from utah's great salt lake, usa. | we examined selenium and mercury concentrations in eared grebes (podiceps nigricollis) that spent the fall of 2006 on the great salt lake (ut, u.s.a.), where their diet consisted mainly of brine shrimp (artemia franciscana). selenium concentrations in livers varied based on when the grebes were collected (lower in september [mean +/- standard error, 9.4 +/- 0.7 microg/g dry wt] than in november [14.5 +/- 1.4 microg/g]), on where the birds were collected on the great salt lake (antelope island, 8 ... | 2009 | 19173549 |
| silver speciation in liver of marine mammals by synchrotron x-ray absorption fine structure and x-ray fluorescence spectroscopies. | the chemical form of ag in the livers of five species of marine mammals was examined using x-ray absorption fine structure (xafs) and x-ray fluorescence (xrf) spectroscopies. the xafs analysis suggested that ag(2)se was present in the livers of the franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei), dall's porpoise (phocoenoides dalli), and baird's beaked whale (berardius bairdii), whereas ag(2)s was present in the livers of the striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) and pygmy killer whale (feresa at ... | 2011 | 21491037 |
| small cetaceans found stranded or accidentally captured in southeastern brazil: bioindicators of essential and non-essential trace elements in the environment. | essential (cu, mn, se and zn) and non-essential (cd and hg) elements were analyzed in the hepatic tissue of 22 individuals of seven different species of small cetaceans (feresa attenuata; orcinus orca; pontoporia blainvillei; sotalia guianensis; stenella frontalis; steno bredanensis; tursiops truncatus) accidentally caught in fishing nets or found stranded along the northern coast of the state of rio de janeiro, brazil, between 2001 and 2010. atlantic spotted dolphin (s. frontalis) showed the hi ... | 2013 | 23993648 |
| microsatellite loci for population and parentage analysis in the amazon river dolphin (inia geoffrensis de blainville, 1817). | we developed specific primers for microsatellite dna regions for the amazon river dolphin or boto inia geoffrensis, for use in population and conservation genetic studies. we also tested their transferability for two other species, pontoporia blainvillei (sister taxon of i. geoffrensis) and sotalia guianensis. a total of 12 microsatellite loci were polymorphic for the boto. an additional 25 microsatellite loci previously isolated from other cetacean species were also tested in the boto. the 26 p ... | 2009 | 21564703 |