| de novo assembly of the carcinus maenas transcriptome and characterization of innate immune system pathways. | the european shore crab, carcinus maenas, is used widely in biomonitoring, ecotoxicology and for studies into host-pathogen interactions. it is also an important invasive species in numerous global locations. however, the genomic resources for this organism are still sparse, limiting research progress in these fields. to address this resource shortfall we produced a c. maenas transcriptome, enabled by the progress in next-generation sequencing technologies, and applied this to assemble informati ... | 2015 | 26076827 |
| structural confirmation and occurrence of azaspiracids in scandinavian brown crabs (cancer pagurus). | in 2005 and 2006, azaspiracids were for the first time detected in brown crabs (cancer pagurus) from the west coast of sweden and the north and north-west coast of norway. azaspiracids are marine toxins that have been detected in blue mussels in europe in recent years. on some occasions, they have been responsible for human intoxications with symptoms similar to those occurring by consumption of shellfish contaminated with okadaic acid group toxins. while the latter toxin group has been reported ... | 2008 | 17936866 |
| molt-inhibiting hormone immunoreactive neurons in the eyestalk neuroendocrine system of the blue crab, callinectes sapidus. | the production of ecdysteroid molting hormones by crustacean y-organs is negatively regulated by a neuropeptide, molt-inhibiting hormone. it is generally agreed that molt-inhibiting hormone is produced and released by the eyestalk neuroendocrine system. in the present study, immunocytochemical methods were used to detect molt-inhibiting hormone immunoreactive neurons in eyestalk ganglia of the blue crab, callinectes sapidus. the primary antiserum used was generated against molt-inhibiting hormon ... | 2001 | 18088946 |
| the role of biomarkers to assess oil-contaminated sediment quality using toxicity tests with clams and crabs. | a 28-d bioassay was conducted with two invertebrate species with different feeding habits, the clam ruditapes philippinarum and the shore crab carcinus maenas. the purpose of the present study was to assess the quality of sediments affected by oil spills in different areas of the spanish coast. the organisms were exposed to environmental samples of oil-contaminated sediments during four weeks and, after the experiment, a suite of biomarkers of exposure was measured: the phase one detoxification ... | 2008 | 18198936 |
| the bacterial (vibrio alginolyticus) production of tetrodotoxin in the ribbon worm lineus longissimus-just a false positive? | we test previous claims that the bacteria vibrio alginolyticus produces tetrodotoxin (ttx) when living in symbiosis with the nemertean lineus longissimus by a setup with bacteria cultivation for ttx production. toxicity experiments on the shore crab, carcinus maenas, demonstrated the presence of a paralytic toxin, but evidence from lc-ms and electrophysiological measurements of voltage-gated sodium channel-dependent nerve conductance in male wistar rat tissue showed conclusively that this effect ... | 2016 | 27023570 |
| accumulation and histopathological damage in the clam ruditapes philippinarum and the crab carcinus maenas to assess sediment toxicity in spanish ports. | the degree of contamination and toxicity in sediment from four spanish ports (cádiz, huelva, pasajes and bilbao) was assessed in the present study. two marine invertebrate species, the shore crab carcinus maenas and the clam ruditapes philippinarum, were exposed to the different sediments under laboratory conditions for 28 days. relationships were developed among metal contamination (as, cd, cr, cu, fe, hg, mn, ni, pb and zn) in sediments, metal accumulation in gill tissues and histopathological ... | 2008 | 18313100 |
| crustin expression following bacterial injection and temperature change in the shore crab, carcinus maenas. | the expression of carcinin, a crustin-type antimicrobial protein, in the crab, carcinus maenas, was studied following in vivo challenge with planococcus citreus, a gram-positive bacterium known to be killed by the encoded protein. real-time pcr analyses reveal that injection of p. citreus failed to elicit any significant changes in expression at 0-24h post-injection although there was a small, but significant, down-regulation at 84h in crabs held at 15 degrees c but not those at 5 or 20 degrees ... | 2008 | 18343497 |
| gating of the sodium conductance in the giant axon of the crab carcinus maenas [proceedings]. | | 2004 | 521915 |
| amino acid sequence of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh) from the crayfish, orconectes limosus: emergence of a novel neuropeptide family. | the primary structure of the major form of chh from sinus glands of the crayfish, orconectes limosus, was determined by manual edman microsequencing. it is a 72-residue peptide with a calculated mr of 8400 da. in the number of residues, it is identical to the chh of carcinus maenas and very similar to mih (moult inhibiting hormone) of homarus americanus. all three peptides have pglu as n-terminus in common, and val-nh2 is the c-terminal residue in orconectes and carcinus chh. six cys residues oc ... | 2007 | 1800954 |
| the common inhibitor innervates muscles proximal to the autotomy fracture plane in carcinus maenas. | the neuron common to proximal leg muscles of the crab carcinus maenas projects to the propus opener nerve. inhibitory effects include hyperpolarizing postsynaptic potentials, prolonged muscle fiber membrane hyperpolarization upon repetitive stimulation and suppression of force development by excitatory motorneurons of the anterior levator. the soma of the common inhibitor of fifth legs is located ventrally along the ganglion midline, contralateral to its axonal projections. | 2013 | 3697693 |
| early ammonia release by a polychaete nereis virens and a crab carcinus maenas in diluted sea water. | | 1984 | 241549 |
| [accumulation of fe, cu, zn, mg, mn and co in the ovary of carcinus maenas l. during ovogenesis]. | during ovogenesis the ovary of carcinus maenas shows a continuous accumulation of fe, cu, mg, mn and co. for zn the accumulation seems to stop for gonad indexes near 6.5. the goal of this accumulation is not determined. nevertheless we suppose that it is in relation with the role of organic reserves that possess the female sexual cells in decapods and with the synthesis of enzymes and hemocyanin. | 2002 | 134766 |
| [biosynthesis and metabolism of histamine in the central nervous system of carcinus maenas]. | the central nervous system of carcinus maenas synthesizes radioactive histamine when incubated in the presence of [14c] histidine and pyridoxal-5' phosphate. this biosynthesis increases linearly as a function of the amount of enzyme and the incubation time. it is not effected by heart, muscle or hepatopancreas extracts nor by haemolymph. thus histamine appears to be synthesized mainly in the nervous system. the latter is also the seat of carcinine (beta-alanylhistamine) biosynthesis. since carci ... | 2008 | 2441674 |
| identification and immunocytochemical localization of proctolin in pericardial organs of the shore crab, carcinus maenas. | the occurrence of proctolin (arg-tyr-leu-pro-thr) in crab neurohemal pericardial organs (pos) has been demonstrated by isolation of the pentapeptide by hplc and manual microsequencing according to the dabitc-pitc double coupling technique. from one pair of pos approximately 5.4 pmol were obtained (= 45 pmol/mg protein). immunocytochemically, an extensive system of positive structures was found in both whole mount preparations and semithin sections, consisting of numerous varicose fibres of varyi ... | 2010 | 2872661 |
| crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh) neuropeptidesfamily: functions, titer, and binding to target tissues. | the removal of the eyestalk (s) induces molting and reproduction promoted the presence of regulatory substances in the eyestalk (es), particularly medulla terminalis x-organ and the sinus gland (mtxo-sg). the pcr-based cloning strategies have allowed for isolating a great number of cdnas sequences of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh) neuropeptides family from the eyestalk and non-eyestalk tissues, e.g., pericardial organs and fore- and hindguts. however, the translated corresponding neurope ... | 2010 | 20026335 |
| entrainment of bimodal circatidal rhythms in the shore crab carcinus maenas. | individuals of the shore crab carcinus maenas were exposed to artificial cycles, applied in tidal antiphase, of pairs of the three major environmental variables that entrain circatidal rhythmicity in this species: salinity, temperature, and hydrostatic pressure. during entrainment, the observed locomotor activity patterns were dominated by exogenous responses to high pressure, low temperature, or low salinity. in subsequent constant conditions, many of the crabs showed bimodal circatidal rhythms ... | 1999 | 2133140 |
| bioaccumulation and biochemical markers in feral crab (carcinus maenas) exposed to moderate environmental contamination-the impact of non-contamination-related variables. | moderate contamination is a challenging scenario for ecotoxicologists because of the occurrence of subtle biomarker responses and the increased relevance of non-contamination related variables. this investigative biomonitoring study was performed in a moderately contaminated coastal system (obidos lagoon, portugal) to examine winter-summer variations on biochemical responses and accumulated metals in carcinus maenas, searching for associations with environmental and biological factors. males and ... | 2010 | 20725935 |
| similarities between decapod and insect neuropeptidomes. | background. neuropeptides are important regulators of physiological processes and behavior. although they tend to be generally well conserved, recent results using trancriptome sequencing on decapod crustaceans give the impression of significant differences between species, raising the question whether such differences are real or artefacts. methods. the blast+ program was used to find short reads coding neuropeptides and neurohormons in publicly available short read archives. such reads were th ... | 2016 | 27257538 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of crustin from mud crab scylla paramamosain. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are important components of the host innate immune response against microbial invasion. in the present study, we report the identification and characterization of a crustin (crussp) from the hemocyte of mud crab, scylla paramamosain using an expressed sequence tag (est) and rapid amplification cdna end (race) approaches. analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed seven different variances of the crussp cdna in mud crab. the open reading frame encodes a protein of ... | 2009 | 18425600 |
| milky hemolymph syndrome (mhs) in spiny lobsters, penaeid shrimp and crabs. | black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon, european shore crab carcinus maenas and spiny lobster panulirus spp. can be affected by milky hemolymph syndrome (mhs). four rickettsia-like bacteria (rlb) isolates of mhs originating from 5 geographical areas have been identified to date. the histopathology of the disease was characterized and a multiplex pcr assay was developed for detection of the 4 bacterial isolates. the 16s rrna gene and 16-23s rrna intergenic spacer region (isr) were used to examine the ... | 2010 | 21387989 |
| [biological methylations in the crab carcinus maenas; in vitro inhibition by a fraction purified from androgen gland extracts]. | extracts from muscles, testis, seminal vesicles and ovaries of the crab, carcinus maenas, have been studied in vitro, in presence of [14c]-methyl s-adenosylmethionine, with an e. coli trna as methyl acceptor. the highest level of methylases is found in the testis. it has been reported previously that a purified fraction extracted from the androgenic glands of carcinus maenas inhibits the vitellogenesis in ovaries. we now show that the same fraction inhibits trna methylation in an extract of test ... | 1976 | 1016654 |
| assessing the effects of trematode infection on invasive green crabs in eastern north america. | a common signature of marine invasions worldwide is a significant loss of parasites (= parasite escape) in non-native host populations, which may confer a release from some of the harmful effects of parasitism (e.g., castration, energy extraction, immune activation, behavioral manipulation) and possibly enhance the success of non-indigenous species. in eastern north america, the notorious invader carcinus maenas (european green crab) has escaped more than two-thirds its native parasite load. how ... | 2015 | 26030816 |
| effects of water activity on oxygen-binding in high-molecular weight, extracellular invertebrate hemoglobin and hemocyanin. | we have investigated the effects of water activity on oxygen-binding properties of giant invertebrate oxygen-binding proteins: hemocyanins from the intertidal crab, carcinus maenas and the terrestrial snail, arion ater and hemoglobin from the marine polychaete, arenicola marina, using the osmotic stress method. we show that in contrast to the water-sensitive dimeric or tetrameric hemoglobins from humans, fish and cyclostomes, changes in water activity exert small effects on the oxygen affinity o ... | 2003 | 12941641 |
| morphological and molecular study of microphallus primas (digenea: microphallidae) metacercaria, infecting the shore crab carcinus maenas from northern portugal. | the present study describes the anatomy and surface topography of the metacercaria of microphallusprimas (jägerskiöld, 1909) infecting the shore crab carcinus maenas (l.) in aveiro estuary, northern portugal. the metacercaria species identification resulted from the combined use of morphological and molecular data, particularly the 28s rdna gene. the metacercariae encysted preferentially in the host's hepatopancreas and also in the gonads. isolated cysts were present in two distinct forms, spher ... | 2011 | 21539138 |
| gene discovery in carcinus maenas and homarus americanus via expressed sequence tags. | expressed sequence tags (ests) were produced for normalized cdna libraries prepared from several tissues of 2 marine crustaceans, the green shore crab carcinus maenas and the american lobster homarus americanus. tissues represented in the carcinus library were anterior and posterior gills, hypodermis, heart, hepatopancreas, antennal gland, brain, testis, and skeletal muscle, obtained from animals acclimated to 35 and 10ôç¦ salinity. tissues represented in the homarus library were gill, epipodite ... | 2006 | 21672795 |
| plastic parasites: extreme dimorphism creates a taxonomic conundrum in the phylum microsporidia. | in this paper, we combine field observations of highly statistically significant co-occurrence with histopathological, ultrastructural and molecular phylogenetic analyses, to provide evidence for extreme morphological plasticity in a microsporidium parasite infecting the musculature of marine crabs. the parasite appears to alternate between lineages that culminate in production of either bizarre needle-like spores in the peripheral sarcoplasm of heart and skeletal muscle fibres (reminiscent of n ... | 2012 | 23262304 |
| distribution of centrifugal neurons targeting the soma clusters of the olfactory midbrain among decapod crustaceans. | to determine the distribution of two systems of centrifugal neurons innervating the soma clusters of the olfactory midbrain across decapod crustaceans, brains of the following nine species comprising most infraorders were immunostained with antibodies against dopamine and the neuropeptides substance p and fmrfamide: macrobrachium rosenbergii, homarus americanus, cherax destructor, orconectes limosus, procambarus clarkii, astacus leptodactylus, carcinus maenas, eriocheir sinensis and pagurus bern ... | 1997 | 9106436 |
| exposure patterns of perfluorooctane sulfonate in aquatic invertebrates from the western scheldt estuary and the southern north sea. | over the past decades little research has been conducted on the environmental behavior and effects of fluorinated organochemicals (focs). recently it has been reported that perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (pfos) is occurring worldwide. little is known about the pfos levels in organisms originating from the southern north sea and the western scheldt estuary. in this study, we determined, for the first time, the pfos-exposure levels in crangon crangon, carcinus maenas, and asterias rubens from these ... | 2003 | 12959528 |
| the formation of menaquinone-4 (vitamin k) and its oxide in some marine invertebrates. | three echinoderms, a crustacean, a mollusc and a coelenterate were injected with either [2-14c]mevalonate and unlabelled menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthaquinone) or 2-[14c]methyl-1,4-naphthaquinone. in each case the label was incorporated into menaquinone-4.[2-14c]mevalonate was incorporated into menaquinone-4 in the crab (carcinus maenas) only in the presence of menadione, the organism presumably being unable to synthesize the naphthaquinone nucleus. the starfish asterias rubens and c. maenas in ... | 1977 | 849285 |
| susceptibility to infection and pathogenicity of white spot disease (wsd) in non-model crustacean host taxa from temperate regions. | despite almost two decades since its discovery, white spot disease (wsd) caused by white spot syndrome virus (wssv) is still considered the most significant known pathogen impacting the sustainability and growth of the global penaeid shrimp farming industry. although most commonly associated with penaeid shrimp farmed in tropical regions, the virus is also able to infect, cause disease and kill a wide range of other decapod crustacean hosts from temperate regions, including lobsters, crabs, cray ... | 2012 | 22484233 |
| hemolymph iron in crustacea decapoda during the intermolt cycle. | a study on the iron content in the hemolymph of austropotamobius pallipes and carcinus maenas has been made. the hemolymph iron content and the total iron binding capacity were investigated in males and females of both species. the values obtained for hemolymph iron content in the males were between 154 and 430 mug/100/ml and in the females between 134 and 431 mug/100/ml. the total iron binding capacity for the males was between 472 and 762 mug/100/ml and for the females between 390 and 698 mug/ ... | 1976 | 1005890 |
| experimental test of the effects of a non-native invasive species on a wintering shorebird. | the abundance of nearly one-quarter of the world's shorebird species is declining. at the same time, the number of non-native species in coastal ecosystems is increasing rapidly. in some cases, non-native species may affect negatively the abundance and diversity of shorebird prey species. we conducted an experimental study of the effects of the introduced european green crab (carcinus maenas) on prey consumption by wintering dunlin (calidris alpina) in a central california estuary. we placed gre ... | 2012 | 22394251 |
| short-term effects of reclamation of part of seal sands, teesmouth, on wintering waders and shelduck : i. shorebird diets, invertebrate densities, and the impact of predation on the invertebrates. | the invertebrate macrofauna of seal sands, teesmouth, is very limited in species composition. nereis diversicolor has a two-year life cycle; the larger size-class provides the main prey of the birds pluvialis squatarola, numenius arquata and limosa lapponica. hydrobia ulvae is an important food of p. squatarola and calidris canutus. small carcinus maenas occur in late autumn and are taken by the larger shorebirds. small macoma balthica are also taken, but are scarce and not an important bird foo ... | 1979 | 28308862 |
| the small subunit rrna gene sequence of the chonotrich chilodochona carcini jankowski, 1973 confirms chonotrichs as a dysteriid-derived clade (phyllopharyngea, ciliophora). | the chonotrichs are sessile ciliated protozoa that are ectosymbiotic on the body parts of a variety of crustaceans. they have long been considered a separate group because their sessile habit has resulted in the evolution of a very divergent body form and reproductive strategy compared to free-living ciliates. in the mid-20th century, the free-living dysteriid cyrtophorian ciliates were proposed as a potential sister clade because the chonotrich bud or daughter cell showed similarities during di ... | 2016 | 27151876 |
| functional characterization of neuroendocrine regulation of branchial carbonic anhydrase induction in the euryhaline crab callinectes sapidus. | carbonic anhydrase (ca) plays an essential role as a provider of counterions for na(+)/h(+) and cl(-)/hco3 (-) exchange in branchial ionic uptake processes in euryhaline crustaceans. ca activity and gene expression are low in crabs acclimated to full-strength seawater, with transfer to low salinity resulting in large-scale inductions of mrna and subsequent enzyme activity in the posterior ion-regulating gills (e.g., g7). in the green crab carcinus maenas, ca has been shown to be under inhibitory ... | 2014 | 25572216 |
| effect of microplastic on the gills of the shore crab carcinus maenas. | microscopic plastic debris (microplastics, <5 mm in diameter) is ubiquitous in the marine environment. previous work has shown that microplastics may be ingested and inhaled by the shore crab carcinus maenas, although the biological consequences are unknown. here, we show that acute aqueous exposure to polystyrene microspheres (8 μm) with different surface coatings had significant but transient effects on branchial function. microspheres inhaled into the gill chamber had a small but significant ... | 2016 | 27070459 |
| carbonic anhydrase induction in euryhaline crustaceans is rate-limited at the post-transcriptional level. | the transfer of euryhaline crustaceans from full-strength seawater to low salinity results in both a rapid up-regulation of carbonic anhydrase (ca; ec 4.2.1.1) mrna and a slow induction of ca activity. there is a delay of several days between the two processes, which is attributed to the time required to synthesize new enzyme. these delays may also be due to limitations in the cellular uptake of zn, which is a required post-translational active site modification to ca. to investigate these proce ... | 2014 | 24333600 |
| a novel hormone is required for the development of reproductive phenotypes in adult female crabs. | the crustacean male-specific androgenic hormone is widely accepted as a key factor in sexual differentiation and in the development of secondary sex characteristics. however, the mechanism by which the plethora of different reproductive strategies are controlled and executed in crustaceans is not known. we discovered in the blue crab, callinectes sapidus, a hitherto unknown neurohormone, named crustacean female sex hormone (cfsh), in distinct neurosecretory cells in the eyestalk ganglia. cfsh is ... | 2014 | 24280057 |
| spontaneous alternation and locomotor activity in three species of marine crabs: green crab (carcinus maenas), blue crab (callinectes sapidus), and fiddler crab (uca pugnax). | spontaneous alternation refers to the tendency of organisms to explore places that they have least recently visited. our previous work showed that alternation performance of carcinus maenas (invasive european green crab) was significantly higher than callinectes sapidus (native blue crab), and chance level performance (ramey, p. a., teichman, e., oleksiak, j., & balcı, f. [2009]. spontaneous alternation in marine crabs: invasive versus native species. behavioural processes, 82, 51-55.). in the c ... | 2014 | 24060243 |
| an autoradiographical study of the localization of the uptake of glutamate by the peripheral nerves of the crab, carcinus maenas (l.). | | 2016 | 4822879 |
| effect of meal size and body size on specific dynamic action and gastric processing in decapod crustaceans. | meal size and animal size are important factors affecting the characteristics of the specific dynamic action (sda) response across a variety of taxa. the effects of these two variables on the sda of decapod crustaceans are based on just a couple of articles, and are not wholly consistent with the responses reported for other aquatic ectotherms. therefore, the effects of meal size and animal size on the characteristics of sda response were investigated in a variety of decapod crustaceans from dif ... | 2013 | 23916818 |
| behavioral physiology of four crab species in low salinity. | reports focusing on the behavioral responses of crabs to exposure to low salinity have involved choice chamber experiments or quantification of changes in activity. in addition to describing changes in locomotor activity in four species of crabs of differing osmoregulatory ability, the present study describes six behaviors: increased movement of the mouthparts, cleaning of the mouthparts with the chelae, cleaning of the antennae and antennules with the maxillipeds, flicking of the antennae, retr ... | 1999 | 28296479 |
| aversive responses by shore crabs to acetic acid but not to capsaicin. | nociception is the ability to encode and perceive harmful stimuli and allows for a rapid reflexive withdrawal. in some species, nociception might be accompanied by a pain experience, which is a negative feeling that allows for longer-term changes in behaviour. different types of stimuli may affect nociceptors, but in crustaceans there is conflicting evidence about the ability to respond to chemical stimuli. this study attempts to resolve this situation by testing behavioural responses of the com ... | 2017 | 28365460 |
| non-indigenous predators threaten ecosystem engineers: interactive effects of green crab and oyster size on american oyster mortality. | non-indigenous green crabs (carcinus maenas) are emerging as important predators of autogenic engineers like american oysters (crassostrea virginica) throughout the eastern seaboard of canada and the united states. to document the spreading distribution of green crabs, we carried out surveys in seven sites of prince edward island during three fall seasons. to assess the potential impact of green crabs on oyster mortality in relation to predator and prey size, we conducted multiple predator-prey ... | 2017 | 28336053 |
| moving beyond linear food chains: trait-mediated indirect interactions in a rocky intertidal food web. | in simple, linear food chains, top predators can have positive indirect effects on basal resources by causing changes in the traits (e.g. behaviour, feeding rates) of intermediate consumers. although less is known about trait-mediated indirect interactions (tmiis) in more complex food webs, it has been suggested that such complexity dampens trophic cascades. we examined tmiis between a predatory crab (carcinus maenas) and two ecologically important basal resources, fucoid algae (ascophyllum nodo ... | 2017 | 28330919 |
| parahepatospora carcini n. gen., n. sp., a parasite of invasive carcinus maenas with intermediate features of sporogony between the enterocytozoon clade and other microsporidia. | parahepatospora carcini n. gen. n. sp., is a novel microsporidian parasite discovered infecting the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the hepatopancreas of a single carcinus maenas specimen. the crab was sampled from within its invasive range in atlantic canada (nova scotia). histopathology and transmission electron microscopy were used to show the development of the parasite within a simple interfacial membrane, culminating in the formation of unikaryotic spores with 5-6 turns of an isofilar pol ... | 2017 | 27993617 |
| using environmental proteomics to assess pollutant response of carcinus maenas along the tunisian coast. | biochemical responses to pollutants were studied at four tunisia littoral sites using carcinus maenas as a bioindicator. proteomic analysis was used to assess the global impact of complex pollution mixtures, and to provide new biomarkers and basic insights into pollutant toxicity. metal contents and metallothionein levels followed a gradient based on sampling sites: bizerte ≫ teboulba > gargour~mahres. approximately 900 and 700 spots were resolved in digestive glands and gills, respectively. gil ... | 2016 | 26402481 |
| seed predation by the shore crab carcinus maenas: a positive feedback preventing eelgrass recovery? | there is an increasing interest to restore the ecosystem services that eelgrass provides, after their continuous worldwide decline. most attempts to restore eelgrass using seeds are challenged by very high seed losses and the reasons for these losses are not all clear. we assess the impact of predation on seed loss and eelgrass establishment, and explore methods to decrease seed loss during restoration in the swedish northwest coast. in a laboratory study we identified three previously undescrib ... | 2016 | 27977802 |
| acute exposure to high environmental ammonia (hea) triggers the emersion response in the green shore crab. | the physiological effects of high environmental ammonia (hea) exposure have been well documented in many aquatic species. in particular, it has recently been demonstrated that exposure to ammonia in fish leads to a similar hyperventilatory response as observed during exposure to hypoxia. in littoral crabs, such as the green crab (carcinus maenas), exposure to severe hypoxia triggers an emersion response whereby crabs escape hypoxia to breathe air. we hypothesized that exposure to hea in green cr ... | 2017 | 27863254 |
| characterization of a membrane-bound angiotensin-converting enzyme isoform in crayfish testis and evidence for its release into the seminal fluid. | in the present study, an isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme was characterized from the testis of a decapod crustacean, the crayfish astacus leptodactylus. angiotensin-converting enzyme cdna, obtained by 3'- to 5' race of testis rnas, codes for a predicted one-domain protein similar to the mammalian germinal isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme. all amino acid residues involved in enzyme activity are highly conserved, and a potential c-terminus transmembrane anchor may be predicted from ... | 2009 | 19656189 |
| localization and identification of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone producing neurosecretory cells in the eyestalk of blue swimmer crab, portunus pelagicus. | this study intensely focuses on to the localization and identification of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh) producing neurosecretory cells in the eyestalk of the blue swimmer crab portunus pelagicus. anti-carcinus maenas-chh was used to identify the location of chh neurosecretory cells by immunohistochemistry. ten pairs of eyestalks were collected from intact adult intermoult female crab and fixed in bouin's fixative. eyestalks were serially sectioned and stained with chrome-hematoxylin-phl ... | 2016 | 27460068 |
| effects of an offshore wind farm (owf) on the common shore crab carcinus maenas: tagging pilot experiments in the lillgrund offshore wind farm (sweden). | worldwide growth of offshore renewable energy production will provide marine organisms with new hard substrate for colonization in terms of artificial reefs. the artificial reef effect is important when planning offshore installations since it can create habitat enhancement. wind power is the most advanced technology within offshore renewable energy sources and there is an urgent need to study its impacts on the marine environment. to test the hypothesis that offshore wind power increases the ab ... | 2016 | 27780212 |
| community shelter use in response to two benthic decapod predators in the long island sound. | to investigate community shelter effects of two invasive decapod species, hemigrapsus sanguineus and carcinus maenas, in the long island sound (lis), we deployed artificial shelters in the intertidal and immediate subtidal zones. these consisted of five groups during the summer: a control, a resident h. sanguineus male or female group, and a resident c. maenas male or female group. we quantified utilization of the shelters at 24 h by counting crabs and fish present. we found significant avoidanc ... | 2016 | 27547570 |
| effects of salinity on short-term waterborne zinc uptake, accumulation and sub-lethal toxicity in the green shore crab (carcinus maenas). | waterborne zinc (zn) is known to cause toxicity to freshwater animals primarily by disrupting calcium (ca) homeostasis during acute exposure, but its effects in marine and estuarine animals are not well characterized. the present study investigated the effects of salinity on short-term zn accumulation and sub-lethal toxicity in the euryhaline green shore crab, carcinus maenas. the kinetic and pharmacological properties of short-term branchial zn uptake were also examined. green crabs (n=10) were ... | 2016 | 27486083 |
| ocean acidification affects marine chemical communication by changing structure and function of peptide signalling molecules. | ocean acidification is a global challenge that faces marine organisms in the near future with a predicted rapid drop in ph of up to 0.4 units by the end of this century. effects of the change in ocean carbon chemistry and ph on the development, growth and fitness of marine animals are well documented. recent evidence also suggests that a range of chemically mediated behaviours and interactions in marine fish and invertebrates will be affected. marine animals use chemical cues, for example, to de ... | 2016 | 27353732 |
| expansion of the neuropeptidome of the globally invasive marine crab carcinus maenas. | carcinus maenas is widely recognized as one of the world's most successful marine invasive species; its success as an invader is due largely to its ability to thrive under varied environmental conditions. the physiological/behavioral control systems that allow c. maenas to adapt to new environments are undoubtedly under hormonal control, the largest single class of hormones being peptides. while numerous studies have focused on identifying native c. maenas peptides, none has taken advantage of m ... | 2016 | 27179880 |
| fatty acids of densely packed embryos of carcinus maenas reveal homogeneous maternal provisioning and no within-brood variation at hatching. | embryonic development of decapod crustaceans relies on yolk reserves supplied to offspring through maternal provisioning. unequal partitioning of nutritional reserves during oogenesis, as well as fluctuating environmental conditions during incubation, can be sources of within-brood variability. ultimately, this potential variability may promote the occurrence of newly hatched larvae with differing yolk reserves and an unequal ability to endure starvation and/or suboptimal feeding during their ea ... | 2016 | 27132134 |
| depletion of neurosecretory granules and membrane retrieval in the sinus gland of the crab. | ultrastructural aspects of hormone release from the sinus gland of the crab carcinus maenas, have been studied by incubation of glands in vitro (i) in high potassium-containing media to induce hormone release; (ii) in a high potassium-containing calcium-free medium in which depolarisation but no hormone release would be expected; and (iii) in control saline. uptake of horseradish peroxidase into subcellular organelles was also studied. many neurosecretory granules could be found in the nerve ter ... | 1980 | 7363307 |
| operant punishment of eye elevation in the green crab, carcinus maenas. | extension of the eye after reflex withdrawal was suppressed by punishing each extension with a brief puff of air. experimental animals showed a decrease in the rate of responding, and an increase in the latency to the next response during 30-min sessions. the effect of punishment per se was controlled for by the use of yoked animals that received punishments whenever the experimental (master) animals did. this control group did not show the increased latency, and kept the eye erect for most of t ... | 2013 | 3675520 |
| pathogenesis and autointerference in a virus disease of crabs. | the course of an infection apparently caused by a filterable virus of the blood of the shore crab. carcinus maenas, has been experimentally studied in this host both at roscoff, france. where it was originally found, and at woods hole, mass., where the local species was also found susceptible. although a portion of the infected animals die with the symptoms of inadequate blood clotting, recovery of this function occurred promptly in about two-thirds of the animals. half of the animals that recov ... | 2016 | 4857421 |
| lack of adult novel northern lineages of invasive green crab carcinus maenas along much of the northern us atlantic coast. | introduced over 200 yr ago to the east coast of north america, carcinus maenas now ranges from new york to newfoundland. in the 1980s, a secondary invasion of european lineages, termed northern haplotypes, occurred in nova scotia. young-of-the-year sampled in 2007 revealed that northern haplotypes were present in low frequencies at several northwestern atlantic sites as far south as new york; a model predicted an increase in their range and frequency over time. we collected samples in 2013 and 2 ... | 2015 | 28127110 |
| neuroendocrine disruption in the shore crab carcinus maenas: effects of serotonin and fluoxetine on chh- and mih-gene expression, glycaemia and ecdysteroid levels. | serotonin, a highly conserved neurotransmitter, controls many biological functions in vertebrates, but also in invertebrates. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (ssris), such as fluoxetine, are commonly used in human medication to ease depression by affecting serotonin levels. their residues and metabolites can be detected in the aquatic environment and its biota. they may also alter serotonin levels in aquatic invertebrates, thereby perturbing physiological functions. to investigate whethe ... | 2016 | 27060239 |
| scaling the consequences of interactions between invaders from the individual to the population level. | the impact of human-induced stressors, such as invasive species, is often measured at the organismal level, but is much less commonly scaled up to the population level. interactions with invasive species represent an increasingly common source of stressor in many habitats. however, due to the increasing abundance of invasive species around the globe, invasive species now commonly cause stresses not only for native species in invaded areas, but also for other invasive species. i examine the europ ... | 2016 | 26929814 |
| the role of an ancestral hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated k+ channel in branchial acid-base regulation in the green crab, carcinus maenas. | numerous electrophysiological studies on branchial k(+) transport in brachyuran crabs have established an important role for potassium channels in osmoregulatory ion uptake and ammonia excretion in the gill epithelium of decapod crustaceans. however, hardly anything is known of the actual nature of these channels in crustaceans. in the present study, the identification of a hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated potassium channel (hcn) in the transcriptome of the green crab carcinus ... | 2016 | 26787479 |
| modelling the biological invasion of carcinus maenas (the european green crab). | this paper proposes a system of integro-difference equations to model the spread of carcinus maenas, commonly called the european green crab, that causes severe damage to coastal ecosystems. a model with juvenile and adult classes is first studied. here, standard theory of monotone operators for integro-difference equations can be applied and yields explicit formulas for the asymptotic spreading speeds of the juvenile and adult crabs. a second model including an infected class is considered by i ... | 2016 | 26673728 |
| laboratory simulation system, using carcinus maenas as the model organism, for assessing the impact of co2 leakage from sub-seabed injection and storage. | the capture and storage of co2 in sub-seabed geological formations has been proposed as one of the potential options to decrease atmospheric co2 concentrations in order to mitigate the abrupt and irreversible consequences of climate change. however, it is possible that co2 leakages could occur during the injection and sequestration procedure, with significant repercussions for the marine environment. we investigate the effects of acidification derived from possible co2 leakage events on the euro ... | 2016 | 26599590 |
| integrated biomarker responses of an estuarine invertebrate to high abiotic stress and decreased metal contamination. | an integrated chemical-biological effects monitoring was performed in 2010 and 2012 in two nw iberian estuaries under different anthropogenic pressure. one is low impacted and the other is contaminated by metals. the aim was to verify the usefulness of a multibiomarker approach, using carcinus maenas as bioindicator species, to reflect diminishing environmental contamination and improved health status under abiotic variation. sampling sites were assessed for metal levels in sediments and c. maen ... | 2014 | 25314018 |
| consistent individual differences in haemolymph density reflect risk propensity in a marine invertebrate. | while the literature on consistent individual differences in correlated suites of physiological and behavioural traits is steadily growing for vertebrates, invertebrates have received less attention. the few studies that do exist have measured temporary physiological states (or responses), rather than consistent individual physiological traits. here, i explore the consistency of individual differences in physiology and behaviour of n=53 shore crabs (carcinus maenas) by repeatedly measuring haemo ... | 2015 | 26543575 |
| na+, k+ and amino-compounds changes during volume regulation in carcinus maenas isolated axons [proceedings]. | | 1999 | 84584 |
| ingestion of plastic microfibers by the crab carcinus maenas and its effect on food consumption and energy balance. | microscopic plastic fragments (<5 mm) are a worldwide conservation issue, polluting both coastal and marine environments. fibers are the most prominent plastic type reported in the guts of marine organisms, but their effects once ingested are unknown. this study investigated the fate of polypropylene rope microfibers (1-5 mm in length) ingested by the crab carcinus maenas and the consequences for the crab's energy budget. in chronic 4 week feeding studies, crabs that ingested food containing mic ... | 2015 | 26529464 |
| expression and distribution of neuropeptides in the nervous system of the crab carcinus maenas and their roles in environmental stress. | environmental fluctuations, such as salinity, impose serious challenges to marine animal survival. neuropeptides, signaling molecules involved in the regulation process, and the dynamic changes of their full complement in the stress response have yet to be investigated. here, a maldi-ms-based stable isotope labeling quantitation strategy was used to investigate the relationship between neuropeptide expression and adaptability of carcinus maenas to various salinity levels, including high (60 part ... | 2015 | 26475201 |
| physiological responses to digestion in low salinity in the crabs carcinus maenas and cancer irroratus. | osmoregulation and digestion are energetically demanding, and crabs that move into low salinity environments to feed must be able to balance the demands of both processes. achieving this balance may pose greater challenges for weak than for efficient osmoregulators. this study examined the rate of oxygen consumption (mo2) of carcinus maenas (efficient osmoregulator) and cancer irroratus (weak osmoregulator) as a function of feeding and hyposaline stress. the mo2 increased 2-fold in both species ... | 2016 | 26459987 |
| unravelling polar lipids dynamics during embryonic development of two sympatric brachyuran crabs (carcinus maenas and necora puber) using lipidomics. | embryogenesis is an important stage of marine invertebrates with bi-phasic life cycles, as it conditions their larval and adult life. throughout embryogenesis, phospholipids (pl) play a key role as an energy source, as well as constituents of biological membranes. however, the dynamics of pl during embryogenesis in marine invertebrates is still poorly studied. the present work used a lipidomic approach to determine how polar lipid profiles shift during embryogenesis in two sympatric estuarine cr ... | 2015 | 26419891 |
| localization and expression of molt-inhibiting hormone and nitric oxide synthase in the central nervous system of the green shore crab, carcinus maenas, and the blackback land crab, gecarcinus lateralis. | in decapod crustaceans, molting is controlled by the pulsatile release of molt-inhibiting hormone (mih) from neurosecretory cells in the x-organ/sinus gland (xo/sg) complex in the eyestalk ganglia (esg). a drop in mih release triggers molting by activating the molting gland or y-organ (yo). post-transcriptional mechanisms ultimately control mih levels in the hemolymph. neurotransmitter-mediated electrical activity controls ca(2+)-dependent vesicular release of mih from the sg axon terminals, whi ... | 2017 | 27989866 |
| refuge quality impacts the strength of nonconsumptive effects on prey. | prey often retreat into the safety of refuges for protection from predators. this shift into refuge can reduce foraging opportunities, escalating the costs of risk and the strength of nonconsumptive effects. such costs, however, may be shaped by the variation in resources that refuges harbor for prey foraging (i.e., refuge quality), and change dynamically via impacts on prey state. despite its potential importance, we lack an explicit understanding of how refuge quality impacts prey performance ... | 2017 | 27861773 |
| hypoxia increases the risk of egg predation in a nest-guarding fish. | for fish with parental care, a nest should meet both the oxygenation needs of the eggs and help protect them against predators. while a small nest opening facilitates the latter, it impedes the former and vice versa. we investigated how the presence of potential egg predators in the form of shore crabs carcinus maenas affects nest building, egg fanning, defensive displays and filial cannibalism of egg-guarding male sand gobies pomatoschistus minutus under two levels of dissolved oxygen. in the h ... | 2016 | 27853611 |
| are genes faster than crabs? mitochondrial introgression exceeds larval dispersal during population expansion of the invasive crab carcinus maenas. | biological invasions offer unique opportunities to investigate evolutionary dynamics at the peripheries of expanding populations. here, we examine genetic patterns associated with admixture between two distinct invasive lineages of the european green crab, carcinus maenas l., independently introduced to the northwest atlantic. previous investigations based on mitochondrial dna sequences demonstrated that larval dispersal driven by advective currents could explain observed southward displacement ... | 2014 | 26064543 |
| adaptive considerations of temperature dependence of neuromuscular function in two species of summer- and winter-caught crab (carcinus maenas and cancer pagurus). | the aim of this study was to determine seasonal differences in the temperature dependence of neuromuscular parameters of the dactylopodite walking leg closer muscle in two species of freshly caught summer and winter decapod crabs. the relatively stenothermal cancer pagurus (cp) and eurythermal carcinus maenas (cm) muscle resting potential (rp) hyperpolarised significantly with increasing experimental temperature. the muscle rp in cm was seasonally dependent at acute temperatures above 20 °c wher ... | 2015 | 25994492 |
| making sense of nickel accumulation and sub-lethal toxic effects in saline waters: fate and effects of nickel in the green crab, carcinus maenas. | in freshwater, invertebrates nickel (ni) is considered an ionoregulatory toxicant, but its mechanism of toxicity in marine settings, and how this varies with salinity, is poorly understood. this study investigated ni accumulation and physiological mechanisms of sub-lethal ni toxicity in the euryhaline green crab carcinus maenas. male crabs were exposed to 8.2μg/l (the us epa chronic criterion concentration for salt waters) of waterborne ni (radiolabelled with (63)ni) at three different salinitie ... | 2015 | 25914092 |
| biochemical and physiological responses of carcinus maenas to temperature and the fungicide azoxystrobin. | research on the effects of thermal stress is currently pertinent as climate change is expected to cause more severe climate-driven events. carcinus maenas, a recognised estuarine model organism, was selected to test temperature-dependence of azoxystrobin toxicity, a widely applied fungicide. crabs' responses were assessed after a 10-d acclimation at different temperatures (5°c, 22°c, and 27°c) of which the last 72h were of exposure to an environmental concentration of azoxystrobin. sod and gst a ... | 2015 | 25835271 |
| n-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase activity in feral carcinus maenas exposed to cadmium. | cadmium is a priority hazardous substance, persistent in the aquatic environment, with the capacity to interfere with crustacean moulting. moulting is a vital process dictating crustacean growth, reproduction and metamorphosis. however, for many organisms, moult disruption is difficult to evaluate in the short term, what limits its inclusion in monitoring programmes. n-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (nagase) is an enzyme acting in the final steps of the endocrine-regulated moulting cascade, allowing ... | 2015 | 25560650 |
| camouflage and individual variation in shore crabs (carcinus maenas) from different habitats. | camouflage is widespread throughout the natural world and conceals animals from predators in a vast range of habitats. because successful camouflage usually involves matching aspects of the background environment, species and populations should evolve appearances tuned to their local habitat, termed phenotype-environment associations. however, although this has been studied in various species, little work has objectively quantified the appearances of camouflaged animals from different habitats, ... | 2014 | 25551233 |
| control region sequences indicate that multiple externae represent multiple infections by sacculina carcini (cirripedia: rhizocephala). | the rhizocephalan barnacle, sacculina carcini, is a common parasite of the european shore crab, carcinus maenas, in which it causes significant detrimental physical and behavioral modifications. in the vast majority of cases, the external portion of the parasite is present in the form of a single sac-like externa; in rare cases, double or even triple externae may occur on the same individual host. here, we use a highly variable dna marker, the mitochondrial control region (cr), to investigate wh ... | 2014 | 25473481 |
| nitric oxide production and sequestration in the sinus gland of the green shore crab carcinus maenas. | molting in decapod crustaceans is regulated by molt-inhibiting hormone (mih), a neuropeptide produced in the x-organ (xo)/sinus gland (sg) complex of the eyestalk ganglia (esg). pulsatile release of mih from the sg suppresses ecdysteroidogenesis by the molting gland or y-organ (yo). the hypothesis is that nitric oxide (no), a neuromodulator that controls neurotransmitter release at presynaptic membranes, depresses the frequency and/or amount of mih pulses to induce molting. no synthase (nos) mrn ... | 2015 | 25452501 |
| effects of predation risk across a latitudinal temperature gradient. | the nonconsumptive effects (nces) of predators on prey behavior and physiology can influence the structure and function of ecological communities. however, the strength of nces should depend on the physiological and environmental contexts in which prey must choose between food and safety. for ectotherms, temperature effects on metabolism and foraging rates may shape these choices, thereby altering nce strength. we examined nces in a rocky intertidal food chain across a latitudinal sea surface te ... | 2015 | 25433694 |
| thermal stress and predation risk trigger distinct transcriptomic responses in the intertidal snail nucella lapillus. | thermal stress and predation risk have profound effects on rocky shore organisms, triggering changes in their feeding behaviour, morphology and metabolism. studies of thermal stress have shown that underpinning such changes in several intertidal species are specific shifts in gene and protein expression (e.g. upregulation of heat-shock proteins). but relatively few studies have examined genetic responses to predation risk. here, we use next-generation rna sequencing (rna-seq) to examine the tran ... | 2014 | 25377436 |
| prey state shapes the effects of temporal variation in predation risk. | the ecological impacts of predation risk are influenced by how prey allocate foraging effort across periods of safety and danger. foraging decisions depend on current danger, but also on the larger temporal, spatial or energetic context in which prey manage their risks of predation and starvation. using a rocky intertidal food chain, we examined the responses of starved and fed prey (nucella lapillus dogwhelks) to different temporal patterns of risk from predatory crabs (carcinus maenas). prey f ... | 2014 | 25339716 |
| sertraline accumulation and effects in the estuarine decapod carcinus maenas: importance of the history of exposure to chemical stress. | sertraline is widely prescribed worldwide and frequently detected in aquatic systems. there is, however, a remarkable gap of information on its potential impact on estuarine and coastal invertebrates. this study investigated sertraline accumulation and effects in carcinus maenas. crabs from a moderately contaminated (lima) and a low-impacted (minho) estuary were exposed to environmental and high levels of sertraline (0.05, 5, 500 μg l(-1)). a battery of biomarkers related to sertraline mode of a ... | 2015 | 25305364 |
| joint effects of salinity and the antidepressant sertraline on the estuarine decapod carcinus maenas. | concurrent exposure of estuarine organisms to man-made and natural stressors has become a common occurrence. numerous interactions of multiple stressors causing synergistic or antagonistic effects have been described. however, limited information is available on combined effects of emerging pharmaceuticals and natural stressors. this study investigated the joint effects of the antidepressant sertraline and salinity on carcinus maenas. to improve knowledge about interactive effects and potential ... | 2014 | 25217761 |
| temporal characterization of mercury accumulation at different trophic levels and implications for metal biomagnification along a coastal food web. | the main goal of this study was to assess temporal mercury variations along an estuarine food web to evaluate the mercury contamination level of the system and the risks that humans are exposed to, due to mercury biomagnification. the highest mercury concentrations in the sediments and primary producers (macrophytes) were observed during winter sampling. instead, the highest mercury concentrations in the water, suspended particulate matter as well as in the zooplanktonic and suprabenthic communi ... | 2014 | 25172612 |
| hemigrapsus sanguineus in long island salt marshes: experimental evaluation of the interactions between an invasive crab and resident ecosystem engineers. | the invasive asian shore crab, hemigrapsus sanguineus, has recently been observed occupying salt marshes, a novel environment for this crab species. as it invades this new habitat, it is likely to interact with a number of important salt marsh species. to understand the potential effects of h. sanguineus on this ecosystem, interactions between this invasive crab and important salt marsh ecosystem engineers were examined. laboratory experiments demonstrated competition for burrows between h. sang ... | 2014 | 25071995 |
| uptake and retention of microplastics by the shore crab carcinus maenas. | microplastics, plastics particles <5 mm in length, are a widespread pollutant of the marine environment. oral ingestion of microplastics has been reported for a wide range of marine biota, but uptake into the body by other routes has received less attention. here, we test the hypothesis that the shore crab (carcinus maenas) can take up microplastics through inspiration across the gills as well as ingestion of pre-exposed food (common mussel mytilus edulis). we used fluorescently labeled polystyr ... | 2014 | 24972075 |
| climate change enhances the negative effects of predation risk on an intermediate consumer. | predators are a major source of stress in natural systems because their prey must balance the benefits of feeding with the risk of being eaten. although this 'fear' of being eaten often drives the organization and dynamics of many natural systems, we know little about how such risk effects will be altered by climate change. here, we examined the interactive consequences of predator avoidance and projected climate warming in a three-level rocky intertidal food chain. we found that both predation ... | 2014 | 24947942 |
| the crab carcinus maenas as a suitable experimental model in ecotoxicology. | aquatic ecotoxicology broadly focuses on how aquatic organisms interact with pollutants in their environment in order to determine environmental hazard and potential risks to humans. research has produced increasing evidence on the pivotal role of aquatic invertebrates in the assessment of the impact of pollutants on the environment. its potential use to replace fish bioassays, which offers ethical advantages, has already been widely studied. nevertheless, the selection of adequate invertebrate ... | 2014 | 24934856 |
| abundance of non-native crabs in intertidal habitats of new england with natural and artificial structure. | marine habitats containing complex physical structure (e.g., crevices) can provide shelter from predation for benthic invertebrates. to examine effects of natural and artificial structure on the abundance of intertidal juvenile crabs, 2 experiments were conducted in kingston bay, massachusetts, usa, from july to september, 2012. in the first experiment, structure was manipulated in a two-factor design that was placed in the high intertidal for 3 one-week periods to test for both substrate type ( ... | 2015 | 26401456 |
| low salinity enhances ni-mediated oxidative stress and sub-lethal toxicity to the green shore crab (carcinus maenas). | nickel (ni) is a metal of environmental concern, known to cause toxicity to freshwater organisms by impairing ionoregulation and/or respiratory gas exchange, and by inducing oxidative stress. however, little is known regarding how nickel toxicity is influenced by salinity. in the current study we investigated the salinity-dependence and mechanisms of sub-lethal ni toxicity in a euryhaline crab (carcinus maenas). crabs were acclimated to three experimental salinities--20, 60 and 100% seawater (sw ... | 2015 | 26233920 |
| size-balanced community reorganization in response to nutrients and warming. | it is widely accepted that global warming will adversely affect ecological communities. as ecosystems are simultaneously exposed to other anthropogenic influences, it is important to address the effects of climate change in the context of many stressors. nutrient enrichment might offset some of the energy demands that warming can exert on organisms by stimulating growth at the base of the food web. it is important to know whether indirect effects of warming will be as ecologically significant as ... | 2015 | 26147063 |
| transcriptome sequencing reveals both neutral and adaptive genome dynamics in a marine invader. | species invasions cause significant ecological and economic damage, and genetic information is important to understanding and managing invasive species. in the ocean, many invasive species have high dispersal and gene flow, lowering the discriminatory power of traditional genetic approaches. high-throughput sequencing holds tremendous promise for increasing resolution and illuminating the relative contributions of selection and drift in marine invasion, but has not yet been used to compare the d ... | 2015 | 26118396 |
| master of all trades: thermal acclimation and adaptation of cardiac function in a broadly distributed marine invasive species, the european green crab, carcinus maenas. | as global warming accelerates, there is increasing concern about how ecosystems may change as a result of species loss and replacement. here, we examined the thermal physiology of the european green crab (carcinus maenas linnaeus 1758), a globally invasive species, along three parallel thermal gradients in its native and invasive ranges. at each site, we assessed cardiac physiology to determine heat and cold tolerance and acclimatory plasticity. we found that, overall, the species is highly tole ... | 2014 | 24671964 |
| effect of meal type on specific dynamic action in the green shore crab, carcinus maenas. | the effect of meal type on specific dynamic action was investigated in the green shore crab, carcinus maenas. when the crabs were offered a meal of fish, shrimp, or mussel of 3 % of their body mass the duration of the sda response and thus the resultant sda was lower for the mussel, compared with the shrimp or fish meals. in feeding behaviour experiments the crabs consumed almost twice as much mussel compared with fish or shrimp. when the animals were allowed to feed on each meal until satiated, ... | 2014 | 24531572 |