| structural characterization and solution properties of an acidic branched (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan from aureobasidium pullulans. | an acidic exopolysaccharide was isolated from a selected strain of aureobasidium pullulans. on the basis of spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, the polymer was identified as a beta-d-glucan containing a main chain of (1-->3)-linked beta-d-glucopy-ranosyl units substituted at the o-6 position by single beta-d-glucopyranosyl side chains. the ratio of units in the main chain to units in the side chain was found to be 1.4:1. the ionic character of this exopolysaccharide is due to the prese ... | 1996 | 8910055 |
| [a boy highly suspected of hypersensitivity pneumonitis characterized by generalized mucosal lesions]. | the case is a boy who developed progressive dyspnea and had since been followed over a long period time as a case of unknown fever without respiratory symptoms. he showed mucosal symptoms such as intraoral aphtha, eosinophilic pyuria and diarrhea and was clinically diagnosed as hypersensitivity pneumonitis. the affected child showed high levels of circulating immune complex, a decline in dlco on the respiratory function test and a decrease in cd 4/8 in bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes; further ... | 1996 | 8952322 |
| fungal melanins and their interactions with metals. | fungal melanins are dark brown or black pigments located in cell walls. they also exist as extracellular polymers. melanized fungi possess increased virulence and resistance to microbial attack as well as enhanced survival while under environmental stress. melanins contain various functional groups which provide an array of multiple nonequivalent binding sites for metal ions. pigmented cladosporium cladosporoides was shown to biosorb 2.5- to four-fold more ni, cu, zn, cd, and pb than albino peni ... | 1996 | 8987489 |
| enumeration of bacterial and yeast colonists of apple fruits and identification of epiphytic yeasts on pear fruits in the pacific northwest united states. | a procedure for the isolation of diverse culturable microflora for the estimation of the population size of yeasts and bacteria on the surface of pome fruits is described. maximum numbers of morphologically distinct colonies of both yeasts and bacteria were recovered from apple fruit surfaces when fruits were shaken for 5 min in sterile phosphate buffer plus tween, sonicated for 5 min, and aliquots of the buffer plated onto diluted yeast malt agar and diluted nutrient broth agar, respectively. t ... | 1996 | 9022303 |
| production of extracellular beta-mannanases by yeasts and yeast-like microorganisms. | a new screening method for simultaneous detection of endo-beta-1,4-mannanase and endo-beta-1,4-xylanase producing microorganisms is described. two differently dyed substrates ostazin brilliant red-galactomannan and remazol brilliant blue-xylan were incorporated into the same agar media. decolorizing of one or both substrates around the cell colonies indicates secretion of the corresponding enzyme(s). the method was used to screen 449 yeasts and yeast-like microorganisms belonging to 68 different ... | 1996 | 9090823 |
| pullulan production by aureobasidium pullulans grown on ethanol stillage as a nitrogen source. | pullulan production by aureobasidium pullulans strain rp-1 using thin stillage from fuel ethanol production as a nitrogen source was studied in a medium using corn syrup as a carbon source. the use of 1% thin stillage as a nitrogen source instead of ammonium sulphate elevated polysaccharide production by strain rp-1 cells when grown on a concentration of up to 7.5% corn syrup, independent of yeast extract supplementation. dry weights of cells grown in medium containing ammonium sulphate as the n ... | 1996 | 9121381 |
| chromoblastomycosis produced by aureobasidium pullulans in an immunosuppressed patient. | | 1997 | 9158428 |
| the stereospecificity of hydrogen transfer to nad(p)+ catalyzed by lactol dehydrogenases. | the stereochemistry of hydrogen transfer to nad(p)+ has been determined for five lactol dehydrogenases. it was found that d-glucose dehydrogenases from bacillus megaterium and cryptococcus uniguttulatus and l-rhamnose dehydrogenase from aureobasidium pullulans are pro-s (b) specific, while d-glucose dehydrogenase from thermoplasma acidophilum and d-xylose dehydrogenase from procine liver are pro-r (a) specific. the latter two enzymes are the first examples of a-specific dehydrogenases oxidizing ... | 1997 | 9168914 |
| safety studies of a novel starch, pullulan: chronic toxicity in rats and bacterial mutagenicity. | this study was designed to assess the potential toxicity of pullulan, a starch-like substance produced by aureobasidium pullulans that is proposed for use as a texturizer for meat and meat substitutes and as a flavour substrate. sprague-dawley rats (15/sex/group) were administered pullulan as a dietary admixture at levels of 1, 5 and 10% for a period of 62 wk. control animals (15/sex) received untreated standard laboratory diet. the feeding study, originally intended to continue for 24 months, w ... | 1997 | 9207894 |
| mold spectrum of four cereal brands of the german crop 1995. | the concentration of extracellular polysaccharides (eps) of 80 cereal grain samples of the german harvest 1995 was investigated. in addition to this, the total as well as the inherent mycoflora of two winter wheat and two winter rye brands which showed the highest eps-concentration was detected on maltsalt agar (nacl 5%). surface disinfection with 1% naocl for the determination of the internal mycoflora caused a significant reduction in number and kind of fungi. however, the mycoflora of all sam ... | 1997 | 9232848 |
| peritonitis by aureobasidium pullulans in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. | | 1997 | 9249816 |
| quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization of aureobasidium pullulans on microscope slides and leaf surfaces. | a 21-mer oligonucleotide probe designated ap665, directed at the 18s rrna of aureobasidium pullulans and labelled with five molecules of fluorescein isothiocyanate, was applied by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) to populations of the fungus on slides and apple leaves from growth chamber seedlings and orchard trees. in specificity tests that included ap665 and a similarly labelled universal probe and the respective complementary probes as controls, the hybridization signal was strong fo ... | 1997 | 9251214 |
| seasonal occurrence of yeasts and yeast-like organisms in the river danube. | one hundred and seventy yeast strains belonging to 14 genera and 29 species were isolated from 112 water samples of the river danube in the area of bratislava. the samples were collected through the year from april to march. saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida maltosa, aureobasidium pullulans, cystofilobasidium capitatum, rhodotorula glutinis, geotrichum candidum, and candida krusei were the most frequent. the basidiomycetous yeasts and yeast-like organisms with oxidative metabolism were present i ... | 1997 | 9298185 |
| a new variety of aureobasidium pullulans characterized by exopolysaccharide structure, nutritional physiology and molecular features. | the black yeast aureobasidium pullulans (de bary) arnaud is known to synthesize the exopolysaccharide pullulan, a poly-alpha-1,6-maltotriose. nine strains were found to produce additional aubasidan-like eps, i.e. glucans with alpha-1,4-d-, beta-1,6-d- and beta-1,3-d-glycosidic bonds. these strains had previously been found to deviate in genotypic characters. additional physiological differences were found: the optimal nitrogen source for exopolysaccharide production in liquid medium was nano3 fo ... | 1997 | 9298193 |
| expression of green fluorescent protein in aureobasidium pullulans and quantification of the fungus on leaf surfaces. | a red-shifted, mutated form of the jelly-fish green fluorescent protein (gfp) under control of a tef promoter was expressed at high levels in the filamentous fungus aureobasidium pullulans. in the three transformants studied, all morphotypes of the fungus, including pigmented chlamydospores, expressed gfp and fluoresced brightly. confocal microscopy showed that the intra-cellular distribution of gfp was nonuniform. when applied to leaf surfaces, the transformants were readily visible and amenabl ... | 1997 | 9343693 |
| [amylase production by aureobasidium pullulans in liquid and solid media]. | amylase production by a strain of aureobasidium pullulans isolated in the laboratory was evaluated in liquid media (complex and synthetic) and in solid medium (wheat bran). there was an inhibitory effect in amylase production or amylase secretion by glucose. asparagine was the best nitrogen source for amylase production (4-6 g/l). only chlamidospores and melanin but not, amylase activity, were obtained with ammonium sulfate. amylase production in solid culture was higher than the production obta ... | 1997 | 9411486 |
| purification and characterization of a novel thermostable alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from a color-variant strain of aureobasidium pullulans. | a color-variant strain of aureobasidium pullulans (nrrl y-12974) produced alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (alpha-l-afase) when grown in liquid culture on oat spelt xylan. an extracellular alpha-l-afase was purified 215-fold to homogeneity from the culture supernatant by ammonium sulfate treatment, deae bio-gel a agarose column chromatography, gel filtration on a bio-gel a-0.5m column, arabinan-sepharose 6b affinity chromatography, and sp-sephadex c-50 column chromatography. the purified enzyme had a ... | 1998 | 9435077 |
| freeze-drying of some strains of biotechnological interest (aureobasidium pullulans). | optimal freeze-drying conditions for aureobasidium pullulans were investigated. protective substances were used to compensate for the stress reported during freezing (gelatin, calf serum) and desiccation (saccharose, raffinose, trehalose), used in different combinations. | 1997 | 9558979 |
| three new metabolites from the marine yeast aureobasidium pullulans | two new diketopiperazines (1 and 2) with a d-cis-4-hydroxyproline residue, and orcinotriol (3), a new 1,3-dihydroxyphenol derivative, were isolated from cultured broth of the yeast aureobasidium pullulans, which was isolated from an okinawan marine sponge. the structures of the compounds, including their absolute stereochemistries, were determined by spectroscopic data and chemical means. | 1998 | 9599283 |
| fungitoxicity of chemical analogs with heartwood toxins. | trans-stilbene and tropolone as chemical analogs with naturally occurring fungitoxic heartwood compounds were studied with respect to their fungitoxic potency. while stilbene showed no fungitoxic activity towards the fungi aureobasidium pullulans var. melanogenum, penicillium glabrum, and trichoderma harzianum in the concentrations tested, the minimal inhibiting concentration of tropolone was 10(-3) m for penicillium glabrum and trichoderma harzianum, and 10(-5) m for aureobasidium pullulans var ... | 1998 | 9625794 |
| fatal hormonema dematioides peritonitis in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: criteria for organism identification and review of other known fungal etiologic agents. | we report a fatal case a fungal peritonitis caused by the yeast-like dematiaceous mould hormonema dematioides in a 45-year-old woman. the woman had a 13-year history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and had been on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for chronic renal failure. h. dematioides was repeatedly isolated from the dialysate culture specimens collected on days 3, 9, 16, and 20 of her hospital stay. preliminary culture reports on day 7 of the growth of a yeast-like fungus, a ... | 1998 | 9650991 |
| modelling of simultaneous production of polygalacturonase and exopolysaccharide by aureobasidium pullulans athum 2915. | the polymorphic fungus aureobasidium pullulans athum 2915, produced significant quantities of extracellular polygalacturonase and polysaccharide when grown, under controlled conditions, in liquid medium with pectin and glucose as carbon sources and nitrogen source as limited factor. growth, substrate consumption and products formation were simulated by a structured mathematical model, which was compared with the experimental data from batch culture in a chemostat. this model was applied successf ... | 1998 | 9717573 |
| contribution to the synthesis of aureobasidin a. synthesis of cyclopeptolides containing the sequence leucyl-n-methyl-beta-hydroxyvalyl-(2r)-oxy-(3r)-methyl-pentanoi c acid. | the efficient antimycotic agent aureobasidin a, isolated from the culture broth of aureobasidium pullulans r 106, and the [(r)-pro9]-aureobasidin a were prepared starting from benzyl n-boc-n-methyl-(s)-beta-triethylsiloxyvalinate, the synthesis of which is described here. the easy accessibility of the tripeptolide benzyl boc-leucyl-n-methyl-beta-hydroxyvalyl-(2r)-oxy-(3r)-methylpentanoa te [boc-leu-homeval-(r)-hmp-obn] facilitates the construction of the cyclopeptolides 28, 34, 45 and 47. the pe ... | 1998 | 9727871 |
| effect of carbon source on production of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase by aureobasidium pullulans | a color-variant strain of aureobasidium pullulans (nrrl y-12974) produced alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (alpha-l-afase) when grown in liquid culture on sugar beet arabinan, wheat arabinoxylan, l-arabinose, l-arabitol, xylose, xylitol, oat spelt xylan, corn fiber, or arabinogalactan. l-arabinose was most effective for production of both whole-broth and extracellular alpha-l-afase activity, followed by l-arabitol. oat spelt xylan, sugar beet arabinan, xylose, xylitol, and wheat arabinoxylan were int ... | 1998 | 9767714 |
| [contribution of the allergy clinic to occupational asthma and allergic alveolitis]. | among the contributions of the allergy unit the following premier descriptions are to be mentioned particularly: humidifier fever, detergent enzymes, penicillium as cause of cheesewasher's asthma, rennet, wax moth, aureobasidium pullulans in cooling lubricant as cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a hard metal grinder, pectinase, amylase, pepsin, indigenous bat, edible boletus. starting with these and other occupational illnesses elucidated and described by the allergy unit, the importance ... | 1998 | 9816925 |
| disaccharides permeases: constituents of xylanolytic and mannanolytic systems of aureobasidium pullulans. | aureobasidium pullulans, a yeast-like microorganism was found to produce mannobiose permease and xylobiose permease, transporting beta-1,4-mannobiose or beta-1,4-xylobiose into the cells from extracellular media. both permeases are induced by the same inducers as the corresponding hemicellulolytic enzyme systems. mannobiose permease is induced by beta-1,4-mannobiose or is formed in the cells growing on mannan (inducers of beta-mannanolytic enzymes) and xylobiose permease is induced by d-xylose, ... | 1998 | 9838219 |
| quantitative imaging and statistical analysis of fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) of aureobasidium pullulans. | image and multifactorial statistical analyses were used to evaluate the intensity of fluorescence signal from cells of three strains of a. pullulans and one strain of rhodosporidium toruloides, as an outgroup, hybridized with either a universal or an a. pullulans 18s rrna oligonucleotide probe in direct or indirect fish reactions. in general, type of fixation (paraformaldehyde or methanol-acetic acid) had no apparent effect on cell integrity and minimal impact on fluorescence. permeabilization b ... | 1999 | 10192042 |
| modification of the carbohydrate composition of sulfite pulp by purified and characterized beta-xylanase and beta-xylosidase of aureobasidium pullulans. | both beta-xylanase and beta-xylosidase were purified to homogeneity from a xylose-grown culture of aureobasidium pullulans. cellular distribution studies of enzyme activities revealed that beta-xylanase was an extracellular enzyme, during both the exponential and stationary phases, whereas beta-xylosidase was mostly periplasmic associated. the beta-xylanase exhibited very high specificity for xylan extracted from eucalyptus grandis dissolving pulp, whereas the beta-xylosidase was only active on ... | 1999 | 10194394 |
| [studies on the antimould activity of compound tbz and its application in paint]. | the compound tbz is a new antimould agent, which contains mainly [2-(4-thiazolyl) benzoimidazole (tbz)], ethanoic acid and propionic acid. it was shown in laboratory experiment that the compound tbz had excellent mycostatic effect on all the 10 fungi tested with 70% of the mycostatic zones larger than 6.0 cm. it had obvious inhibitary activity on alternaria nees and aureobasidium pullulans isolated from mouldy wall. in laboratory condition the surface of fibreboard painted with compound tbz did ... | 1997 | 10325606 |
| intra-specific diversity of aureobasidium pullulans strains isolated from rocks and other habitats assessed by physiological methods and by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd). | intra-specific diversity of aureobasidium pullulans strains isolated from environmental sources and from stones was studied by assessment of morphological, biochemical and physiological characters as well as random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) using microsatellite or minisatellite dna primers (gtg)5, (gaca)4, m13. the results showed that both classical and molecular techniques evidenced a phenotypic and genetic diversity of analysed a. pullulans strains. a different behaviour was observed in ... | 1999 | 10353803 |
| unique molecular conformation of aureobasidin a, a highly amide n-methylated cyclic depsipeptide with potent antifungal activity: x-ray crystal structure and molecular modeling studies. | a structural feature of aureobasidins, cyclic depsipeptide antibiotics produced by aureobasidium pullulans r106, is the n-methylation of four out of seven amide bonds. in order to investigate possible relationship between the molecular conformation and the amide n-methylation, aureobasidin a (aba), which exhibits the potent antifungal activity, was subjected to x-ray crystal analysis. the crystal, recrystallized from ether (orthorhombic, space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 21.643 (3) a, b = 49.865(10 ... | 1999 | 10424343 |
| plasticizers increase adhesion of the deteriogenic fungus aureobasidium pullulans to polyvinyl chloride. | initial adhesion of fungi to plasticized polyvinyl chloride (ppvc) may determine subsequent colonization and biodeterioration processes. the deteriogenic fungus aureobasidium pullulans was used to investigate the physicochemical nature of adhesion to both unplasticized pvc (upvc) and ppvc containing the plasticizers dioctyl phthalate (dop) and dioctyl adipate (doa). a quantitative adhesion assay using image analysis identified fundamental differences in the mechanism of adhesion of a. pullulans ... | 1999 | 10427051 |
| pullulan production from deproteinized whey by aureobasidium pullulans. | the production of pullulan from deproteinized whey by aureobasidium pullulans p56 was investigated using an adaptation technique and a mixed culture system. the adaptation of a. pullulans and the mixed cultures of a. pullulans and/or lactobacillus brevisx20, debaryomyces hansenii 194 and aspergillus niger did not increase the production of polysaccharide. enzymic hydrolysis of lactose in deproteinized whey gave a higher polysaccharide concentration and polysaccharide yield than acidic hydrolysed ... | 1999 | 10455488 |
| effect of nitrogen source on pullulan production by aureobasidium pullulans grown in a batch bioreactor. | pullulan production by aureobasidium pullulans atcc 201253 using selected nitrogen sources was studied in a medium using corn syrup as a carbon source. independent of the corn syrup concentration present, the use of corn steep liquor or hydrolysed soy protein as a nitrogen source instead of ammonium sulphate did not elevate polysaccharide production by atcc 201253 cells grown in an aerated, batch bioreactor containing 4 litres of medium. pullulan production on corn steep liquor or hydrolysed soy ... | 1999 | 10581727 |
| biosynthesis of novel exopolymers by aureobasidium pullulans. | aureobasidium pullulans atcc 42023 was cultured under aerobic conditions with glucose, mannose, and glucose analogs as energy sources. the exopolymer extracts produced under these conditions were composed of glucose and mannose. the molar ratio of glucose to mannose in the exopolymer extract and the molecular weight of the exopolymer varied depending on the energy source and culture time. the glucose content of exopolymer extracts formed with glucose and mannose as the carbon sources was between ... | 1999 | 10583975 |
| regulated expression of green fluorescent protein under the control of aureobasidium pullulans xylanase gene xyna. | a mutant form of the jellyfish cdna encoding green fluorescent protein (gfp) was fused to the promoter of the aureobasidium pullulans xylanase gene xyna and the expression vector pxynegfp was introduced into a. pullulans. in a manner consistent with regulation of the native xyna gene, gfp activity was induced by xylose and repressed by glucose. the marker may be useful for monitoring populations of a. pullulans in situ and for identifying transcriptional control elements of xyna. | 1999 | 10585539 |
| bird keeper's lung without bird keepinge | the identification of disease inducing allergens in hypersensitivity pneumonitis can be very problematic, and only by a thorough analysis of anamnestic data the source of allergen can be identified. we report a case of a 32-year-old female diagnosed with hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by the inhalation of budgerigar antigen in her home. she had been living there for two years and had never been a bird keeper at all. the former proprietor of the house was a budgerigar keeper for years. when ... | 2000 | 10756167 |
| molecular analysis of the aureobasidium pullulans ura3 gene encoding orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase and isolation of mutants defective in this gene. | orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase (omp decarboxylase) catalyses the final step in the pyrimidine biosynthesis, the conversion of orotidine-5'-phosphate (omp) to uridine-5'-phosphate. the ura3 gene of aureobasidium pullulans. encoding omp decarboxylase, was isolated from an aureobasidium genomic library constructed in the plasmid pblueskriptsk-. the ura3 gene of a. pullulans has an open reading frame of 271 amino acid residues. analysis of the sequence revealed the presence of two introns. in ... | 2000 | 10772469 |
| hypersaline waters in salterns - natural ecological niches for halophilic black yeasts. | hypersaline waters in salterns have so far been considered to be populated only with halophilic algae and bacteria and completely lacking halophilic fungi. in this paper we present population dynamics of polymorphic black yeasts, isolated from hypersaline waters (3-30% nacl) of a saltern, in relation to different physicochemical parameters. hortaea werneckii, phaeotheca triangularis, trimmatostroma salinum, aureobasidium pullulans and cladosporium spp. were detected with the highest frequency ju ... | 2000 | 10858582 |
| relationships between activities of xylanases and xylan structures. | structures of five water-soluble xylans have been determined. four purified xylanase enzymes have been studied for the hydrolysis of the xylans. different xylanases have different activities against various xylan structures. the key factors that influence the rate of xylan hydrolysis are chain length and degree of substitution. two family 11 xylanases, orpinomyces pc2 xylanase and trichoderma longibrachiatum xylanase, can rapidly hydrolyze xylans that have a chain length greater than 8 xylose re ... | 2000 | 10862906 |
| fungal colonization and biodeterioration of plasticized polyvinyl chloride. | significant substratum damage can occur when plasticized pvc (ppvc) is colonized by microorganisms. we investigated microbial colonization of ppvc in an in situ, longitudinal study. pieces of ppvc containing the plasticizers dioctyl phthalate and dioctyl adipate (doa) were exposed to the atmosphere for up to 2 years. fungal and bacterial populations were quantified, and colonizing fungi were identified by rrna gene sequencing and morphological characteristics. aureobasidium pullulans was the pri ... | 2000 | 10919769 |
| [effect of nitrogen sources on biosynthesis, chemical composition, and structure of exopolysaccharides from aureobasidium pullulans (de bary) arnaud]. | the effect of the nitrogen source and the c/n ratio of the growth medium on the biosynthesis, composition, and structure of the exopolysaccharides (epss) of aurebasidium pullulans (de bary) arnaud var. aubasidani yurlova var. nov. and a. pullulans var. pullulans was studied. a. pullulans var. pullulans and a. pullulans var. aubasidani strains synthesized the maximum amounts of epss in the presence of, respectively, a reduced nitrogen source ((nh4)2so4) and an oxidized nitrogen source (nano3) in ... | 2000 | 11008689 |
| ascorbic acid stimulation of production of a highly branched ,beta-1,3-glucan by aureobasidium pullulans k-1--oxalic acid, a metabolite of ascorbic acid as the stimulating substance. | the production of a highly branched beta-1,3-glucan by aureobasidium pullulans k-1 in czapek's medium has been found to be stimulated by ascorbic acid. when the culture supernatant, after removal of polysaccharide from the culture filtrate by ethanol precipitation, was concentrated, then added to a new medium and this strain was cultured in the medium, the polysaccharide production was stimulated the same as when l-ascorbic acid was added to the medium. the stimulating substance was partially pu ... | 2000 | 11055380 |
| automated image analysis of live/dead staining of the fungus aureobasidium pullulans on microscope slides and leaf surfaces. | an image analysis program and protocol for the identification and enumeration of live versus dead cells of the yeast-like fungus aureobasidium pullulans was developed for both populations on microscope slides and leaf surfaces. live cells took up celltracker blue, while nonviable cells stained with dead red. image analysis macro programs running under optimas software were used to acquire images and to differentiate and enumerate viable from nonviable cells. the software was capable of discrimin ... | 2000 | 11056819 |
| exopolysaccharide production by entrapped cells of the fungus aureobasidium pullulans atcc 201253. | the production of the exopolysaccharide pullulan using entrapped cells of the fungus aureobasidium pullulans atcc 201253 was investigated. fungal cells entrapped in agarose or carrageenan were capable of elaborating pullulan for 2 production cycles. those fungal cells entrapped in carrangeenan were more productive than the agarose-immobilized cells during the initial cycle while the reverse was true during the second production cycle. the agarose-entrapped cells synthesized polysaccharide with a ... | 2000 | 11199502 |
| ergosterol biosynthesis in novel melanized fungi from hypersaline environments. | halotolerant and halophilic melanized fungi were recently described in hypersaline waters. a close study of the sterol composition of such fungi, namely hortaea werneckii, alternaria alternata, cladosporium sphaerospermum, cladosporium sp., and aureobasidium pullulans revealed the dominance of ergosterol and the presence of 29 intermediates of its biosynthesis pathway. the presence or absence of intermediates from distinct synthesis routes gave insight into the operative synthetic pathways from ... | 2001 | 11254746 |
| polysaccharide hydrolases of aureobasidium pullulans. | the polysaccharide hydrolase activity of a group of selected strains of the genus aureobasidium pullulans was investigated using a new gel testing assay. a total of 31 strains were tested for alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase and glucoamylase, beta-glucosidase, lichenase, cellulase, xylanase and xylosidase, mannanase and mannosidase production during growth of microorganisms on respective meshed polysaccharide gels. attempts were made to increase the polysaccharide hydrolase activity through sele ... | 2000 | 11271822 |
| screening of micro-organisms for decolorization of melanins produced by bluestain fungi. | a total of 17 fungi and four bacteria were screened for their ability to decolorize melanin, using isolated extracellular melanin of the bluestain fungus aureobasidium pullulans as substrate. on agar media, decolorization was observed by four fungal strains: bjerkandera adusta vtt-d-99746, galactomyces geotrichum vtt-d-84228, trametes hirsuta vtt-d-95443 and trametes versicolor vtt-d-99747. the four fungi were more efficient on nitrogen-limited medium than on complete medium. the melanin-decolor ... | 2001 | 11330716 |
| inhibition effect of initial pb2+ concentration on pb2+ accumulation by saccharomyces cerevisiae and aureobasidium pullulans. | pb2+ accumulation by saccharomyces cerevisiae and aureobasidium pullulans was inhibited by the initial pb2+ concentration. in the case of s. cerevisiae, as initial pb2+ concentrations increased, the accumulated pb2+ per unit cell dry weight at equilibrium and the time required to reach an equilibrium state increased at low initial pb2+ concentration. on the contrary, the accumulated pb2+ decreased at high initial pb2+ concentration at all ph values. the inhibition effect of initial pb2+ concentr ... | 2001 | 11396916 |
| glutathione metabolism and dimorphism in aureobasidium pullulans. | yeast<-->mycelium morphological transitions of aureobasidium pullulans are influenced by numerous environmental factors. in general, changes in the glutathione (gsh) metabolism of dimorphic fungi may lead to alterations in the reduced thiol status of the cells that are hypothesised to initialise morphological transitions. in accordance with this hypothesis, the specific gsh levels found in a. pullulans yeast cells were always significantly higher than those in mycelia. one the other hand, there ... | 2001 | 11441460 |
| polysaccharide production by a reduced pigmentation mutant of aureobasidium pullulans nys-1. | to isolate a reduced pigmentation mutant of aureobasidium pullulans nys-1 and characterize its cellular pigmentation plus its polysaccharide and biomass production relative to carbon source. | 2001 | 11472528 |
| polysaccharide production by immobilized aureobasidium pullulans cells in batch bioreactors. | cells of the fungus aureobasidium pullulans atcc 201253 were entrapped within 4% agar cubes or 5% calcium alginate beads and were examined for their production of the polysaccharide pullulan in batch bioreactors. the batch bioreactors were utilized twice for 168 hours of polysaccharide production in medium containing corn syrup as a carbon source. the agar-entrapped cells produced nearly equivalent pullulan concentrations during both production cycles. the alginate-entrapped cells produced highe ... | 2001 | 11716217 |
| green fluorescent protein as a novel indicator of antimicrobial susceptibility in aureobasidium pullulans. | presently there is no method available that allows noninvasive and real-time monitoring of fungal susceptibility to antimicrobial compounds. the green fluorescent protein (gfp) of the jellyfish aequoria victoria was tested as a potential reporter molecule for this purpose. aureobasidium pullulans was transformed to express cytosolic gfp using the vector ptefegfp (a. j. vanden wymelenberg, d. cullen, r. n. spear, b. schoenike, and j. h. andrews, biotechniques 23:686-690, 1997). the transformed st ... | 2001 | 11722914 |
| aureobasidium pullulans scleritis following keratoplasty: a case report. | fungal scleritis is a rare entity. a 50-year-old patient with culture proven aureobasidium pullulans corneal ulcer underwent therapeutic keratoplasty. he developed scleritis 5 days following surgery. although the patient had symptomatic improvement after antifungal therapy, surgical debridement, and cryotherapy, visual improvement was only marginal. aureobasidium pullulans should be looked for as a cause for keratomycosis and scleromycosis, especially in tropical countries. | 2001 | 11725774 |
| [effect of enhanced uv-b radiation on chemical composition, fungal colonization and decomposition of spring wheat plant]. | under uv-b radiation, the cho (soluble carbohydrate) concentration in leaves decreased significantly, while the concentrations of hcel (holocellulose) and protein in leaves and that of hcel in stems increased significantly. hcel concentration in roots did not change significantly. under uv-b radiation, the colonization rates of penicillium ochro-chloron and aspergillus niger on leaves and stems increased significantly during growing phase, those of trichoderma koningii and aureobasidium pullulan ... | 2001 | 11757366 |
| hybrid model building methodology using unsupervised fuzzy clustering and supervised neural networks. | this paper suggests a model building methodology for dealing with new processes. the methodology, called hybrid fuzzy neural networks (hfnn), combines unsupervised fuzzy clustering and supervised neural networks in order to create simple and flexible models. fuzzy clustering was used to define relevant domains on the input space. then, sets of multilayer perceptrons (mlp) were trained (one for each domain) to map input-output relations, creating, in the process, a set of specified sub-models. th ... | 2002 | 11787014 |
| production and characterization of pullulan from beet molasses using a nonpigmented strain of aureobasidium pullulans in batch culture. | the production of pullulan from beet molasses by a pigment-free strain of aztreobasidium pullulans on shake-flask culture was investigated. combined pretreatment of molasses with sulfuric acid and activated carbon to remove potential fermentation inhibitors present in molasses resulted in a maximum pullulan concentration of 24 g/l, a biomass dry wt of 14 g/l, a pullulan yield of 52.5%, and a sugar utilization of 92% with optimum fermentation conditions (initial sugar concentration of 50 g/l and ... | 2002 | 11900113 |
| a new pullulan and a branched (1-->3)-, (1-->6)-linked beta-glucan from the lichenised ascomycete teloschistes flavicans. | the polysaccharides formed on hot alkaline extraction of the ascomycetous lichen teloschistes flavicans were fractionated to give two glucans, which were characterised by methylation analysis and 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopy. one was a branched beta-glucan containing (1-->3) and (1-->6) linkages, a structure which is more typical of basidiomycetes rather than ascomycetes, which have linear glucans. the other was an alpha-glucan with alternating (1-->4) and (1-->6) linkages, found for the first tim ... | 2002 | 12023070 |
| optimization of high molecular weight pullulan production by aureobasidium pullulans in batch fermentations. | of five strains of aureobasidium pullulans studied, nrrl y-2311-1 yielded the highest titer (26.2 g/l) of pullulan and formed the lowest amount of melanin-like pigment. sucrose was superior to glucose as the carbon and energy source on the basis of yield and titer of pullulan produced. pullulan titer was higher (26.2 vs 5.1 g/l), biomass concentration was lower (6.9 vs 12.7 g/l), and do was lower (0 vs 60% of saturation) when the fermenter was agitated by a marine propeller compared to rushton i ... | 2002 | 12052094 |
| monitoring and control of pullulan production using vision sensor. | the production of the polysaccharide pullulan by the yeast-like fungi, aureobasidium pullulans, is accompained by cellular morphogenetic changes. high productivity and yield of the process have been found to correlate with high concentration of yeast-like cells in the culture. the morphogenetic changes of a. pullulans cells depend on the culture conditions, e.g., dissolved oxygen, shear rate and medium composition. in order to improve the productivity of the process, a novel control law was form ... | 2002 | 12088884 |
| new exopolysaccharides produced by aureobasidium pullulans grown on glucosamine. | the polysaccharides produced by aureobasidium pullulans, grown using glucosamine as the carbon source, were investigated by means of methylation analysis, affinity chromatography and nmr spectroscopy. the results indicated that, besides a small amount of pullulan, this micro-organism was capable of producing-in low yields-mixtures of at least two different complex polysaccharides containing mainly mannose and galactose. (1)h nmr spectra of two fractions obtained by lectin affinity chromatography ... | 2002 | 12110195 |
| population biology of aureobasidium pullulans on apple leaf surfaces. | colonization of apple leaves by the yeast-like fungus aureobasidium pullulans was studied in the field on eight dates over 2 years. population densities from adaxial leaf surfaces were approximately log10 0.5-2.6 u higher when enumerated directly along line transects as microscopic counts of a. pullulans cells specifically identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) than indirectly as cfu obtained by plating leaf washings from comparable surfaces onto nutrient media. site-specific ma ... | 2002 | 12166677 |
| [comparative analysis of radial linear growth velocity of micromycetes isolated from different ecotopes]. | the work aim was the discovering of peculiarities of microscopic fungi responding to radioactive pollution by growth velocity change. the linear growth velocity of a broad range of micromycetes was analyzed. they were chosen in such a way that every species, as far as possible, was presented by the strains isolated from radioactive polluted and clean regions. most of the studied species were characterized by the absence of reliable growth velocity differences of strains of the same species growi ... | 2002 | 12190032 |
| formation of di-isodityrosine and loss of isodityrosine in the cell walls of tomato cell-suspension cultures treated with fungal elicitors or h2o2. | about 84% of the hydroxyproline residues in a cell culture of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum x lycopersicon peruvianum) were present in phenol-inextractable (i.e. covalently wall-bound) material. treatment of the cells with any of three fungal elicitors (wall fragments from phytophthora megasperma and pythium aphanidermatum and xylanase from aureobasidium pullulans) or with 1 mm h2o2 had little effect on the quantity of phenolinextractable hydroxyproline per milligram of freeze-dried cells. how ... | 1997 | 12223793 |
| antimicrobial activity of berberine--a constituent of mahonia aquifolium. | the antimicrobial activity of the protoberberine alkaloid, berberine, isolated from mahonia aquifolium, was evaluated against 17 microorganisms including two gram-negative bacteria--pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli (both resistant and sensitive), two gram-positive bacteria--bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus aureus, zoogloea ramigera, six filamentous fungi--penicilium chrysogenum, aspergillus niger, aureobasidium pullulans (black and white strain), trichoderma viride (original green ... | 2002 | 12422513 |
| diversity of microfungi in the phylloplane of plants growing in a mediterranean ecosystem. | mediterranean ecosystems have not been investigated as natural habitats for microorganisms in general, and microfungi in particular. plants harvested in "serra da arrábida" (38 degrees 27' n, 9 degrees 02' w), a mediterranean ecosystem in portugal, were analyzed for the filamentous microfungi inhabiting their surface. two field locations with distinct climatic characteristics were studied: 'fonte do veado' (38 degrees 28'50" n, 9 degrees 0'17" w; 300 m elevation) located on the northern slope, a ... | 2002 | 12442302 |
| extracellular enzymatic activity profiles in yeast and yeast-like strains isolated from tropical environments. | the objective of this study was to investigate the extracellular enzymatic activity (eea) profile of yeasts isolated from tropical environments of the brazilian rain forest. this screening survey could constitute the first approach in selecting yeast strains of environmental origin potentially exploitable as enzyme producers. | 2002 | 12452958 |
| continuous production of high-content fructooligosaccharides by a complex cell system. | a complex biocatalyst system with a bioreactor equipped with a microfiltration (mf) module was employed to produce high-content fructooligosaccharides (fos) in a continuous process initiated by a batch process. the system used mycelia of aspergillus japonicus ccrc 93007 or aureobasidium pullulans atcc 9348 with beta-fructofuranosidase activity and gluconobacter oxydans atcc 23771 with glucose dehydrogenase activity. calcium carbonate slurry was used to control ph to 5.5, and gluconic acid in the ... | 2002 | 12467463 |
| characterization of aureobasidium pullulans isolated from airborne spores in thailand. | isolates from air in several locations in thailand were identified as aureobasidium pullulans pr with dark pigmentation (loei province), a. pullulans su with an unusual conidial apparatus (chiangmai province), and a. pullulans cu with burgundy-red pigmentation (from a shady area in bangkok). the internal transcribed spacer sequences of the rdna of a. pullulans su and a. pullulans cu confirmed that they were a. pullulans. both a. pullulans cu and a. pullulans pr preferred 30 degrees c and ph 7.5 ... | 2003 | 12612782 |
| a prospective trial of fungal colonization after laser resurfacing of the face: correlation between culture positivity and symptoms of pruritus. | after full-face laser resurfacing of the face, patients often complain of pruritus, which may be intense. it has been suggested that some cases of postresurfacing pruritus may be associated with subclinical fungal infection. | 2003 | 12614419 |
| continuous gluconic acid production by isolated yeast-like mould strains of aureobasidium pullulans. | by extensive microbial screening, about 50 strains with the ability to secrete gluconic acid were isolated from wild flowers. the strains belong to the yeast-like mould aureobasidium pullulans (de bary) arnaud. in shake flask experiments, gluconic acid concentrations between 23 and 140 g/l were produced within 2 days using a mineral medium. in batch experiments, various important fermentation parameters influencing gluconic acid production by a. pullulans isolate 70 (dsm 7085) were identified. c ... | 2003 | 12655452 |
| [isolation from the environment of strains of microorganisms with glucose oxidase activity]. | strains of microorganisms (13) producing enzyme glucoseoxidase were isolated from various samples of soil. the ability to oxidase glucose in presence of oxygen is most expressed in representatives of genera aureobasidium, aspergillus, penicillium. media containing the kj-starch indicator were used at primary step for isolation of microorganisms from the environment. the strain, identified as aureobasidium pullulans (de bary) arnaud, isolated from soil had the greatest glucoseoxidase activity, re ... | 2002 | 12664547 |
| pullulan is a slowly digested carbohydrate in humans. | pullulan is an extracellular polysaccharide excreted by the fungus aureobasidium pullulans. to evaluate the glycemic and breath hydrogen responses and gastrointestinal tolerance to pullulan, nondiabetic healthy adult subjects (n = 28) were studied in a randomized, double-masked, crossover design. after an overnight fast, subjects consumed beverages containing 50 g of carbohydrate from either maltodextrin (control) or pullulan. capillary blood glucose response was determined for 180 min postprand ... | 2003 | 12672917 |
| flow field-flow fractionation and characterization of ionic and neutral polysaccharides of vegetable and microbial origin. | the flow field-flow fractionation (flfff) analysis of a variety of neutral as well as ionic polysaccharides from plants and micro-organisms shows the generally broad distribution in molecular size of these polymers. this result is also obtained on a commercial sample of pullulan whose size distribution appears much wider than that of any of five standard fractions of the same polymer. clear evidence of some physico-chemical properties of the polysaccharides is given by the study of the effect of ... | 2002 | 12685569 |
| analysis of microtubules and f-actin structures in hyphae and conidia development of the opportunistic human pathogenic black yeast aureobasidium pullulans. | organization of the cytoskeleton was studied in the ascomycetous black yeast aureobasidium pullulans, an opportunistic human pathogen, in an effort to present it as a potential target of antifungal therapy. long cytoplasmic microtubules, extending along the hyphae from the base to the growing apex, were the dominant structures in multinucleate interphase cells. before mitosis these microtubules disappeared and were replaced by intranuclear spindles. this reorganization of microtubules occurred a ... | 2003 | 12686629 |
| fungus propagules in plastids: the mycosome hypothesis. | a stress-induced "mycosome" phase of aureobasidium pullulans consisting of minute reproductive propagules that may revert directly to walled yeast cells is described. mycosomes detected by light- and electron-microscopy reproduce within senescent plant plastids, and display three developmental pathways: wall-less cells (protoplasts), yeast cells, or membrane-bounded spherules that harbor plastids. widespread in plant and algal cells, mycosomes are produced by both ascomycete and basidiomycete fu ... | 2003 | 12730709 |
| comparative studies of fungal degradation of single or mixed bioaccessible reactive azo dyes. | a screening using several fungi (phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus, trametes versicolor and aureobasidium pullulans) was performed on the degradation of syringol derivatives of azo dyes possessing either carboxylic or sulphonic groups, under optimized conditions previously established by us. t. versicolor showed the best biodegradation performance and its potential was confirmed by the degradation of differently substituted fungal bioaccessible dyes. enzymatic assays (lignin perox ... | 2003 | 12781230 |
| yeast interactions and wine flavour. | wine is the product of complex interactions between fungi, yeasts and bacteria that commence in the vineyard and continue throughout the fermentation process until packaging. although grape cultivar and cultivation provide the foundations of wine flavour, microorganisms, especially yeasts, impact on the subtlety and individuality of the flavour response. consequently, it is important to identify and understand the ecological interactions that occur between the different microbial groups, species ... | 2003 | 12892919 |
| single-leaf resolution of the temporal population dynamics of aureobasidium pullulans on apple leaves. | the abundance of phylloplane microorganisms typically varies over several orders of magnitude among leaves sampled concurrently. because the methods traditionally used to sample leaves are destructive, it has remained unclear whether this high variability is due to fixed differences in habitat quality among leaves or to asynchronous temporal variation in the microbial population density on individual leaves. we developed a novel semidestructive assay to repeatedly sample the same apple leaves fr ... | 2003 | 12902284 |
| [survivability of some black yeast-like fungal species under uv-irradiation]. | the survival of 4 species (14 strains) of black-pigmented yeast-like fungi, isolated from radioactive polluted ecotopes, after uv-irradiation has been studied. their survival was different in the limits of 3 orders from 0.7 to 0.0001% and was described by the exponential composite exponential and composite sigmoid types of dose curves. essential heterogeneity for the level and character of survival after uv-irradiation of conidia aureobasidium pullulans, hormonema dematioides, exophiala cf. jean ... | 2003 | 12945195 |
| purification and properties of a feruloyl esterase involved in lignocellulose degradation by aureobasidium pullulans. | the lignocellulolytic fungus aureobasidium pullulans nrrl y 2311-1 produces feruloyl esterase activity when grown on birchwood xylan. feruloyl esterase was purified from culture supernatant by ultrafiltration and anion-exchange, hydrophobic interaction, and gel filtration chromatography. the pure enzyme is a monomer with an estimated molecular mass of 210 kda in both native and denatured forms and has an apparent degree of glycosylation of 48%. the enzyme has a pi of 6.5, and maximum activity is ... | 2003 | 12957952 |
| disseminated nosocomial fungal infection by aureobasidium pullulans var. melanigenum: a case report. | we report on a rare case of disseminated nosocomial fungal infection due to aureobasidium pullulans var. melanigenum in a severely traumatized patient. repeated blood and urine cultures yielded multicellular filamentous hyphal structures of varying size accompanied by budding yeast-like-cells of ellipsoidal morphology. the patient became asymptomatic after fluconazole therapy. | 2003 | 12958301 |
| fungal biodiversity--as found in nasal mucus. | the biodiversity of fungi isolated from the nasal mucus of patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis and from healthy persons was monitored over 28 months. mucus samples were obtained by flushing the noses of patients with saline or by endoscopic sinus surgery. fungi from mucus were cultivated on agar plates. identification was performed microscopically and by polymerase chain reaction with subsequent sequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region. altogether, 619 strains of ... | 2003 | 12964848 |
| an ecological life history of aureobasidium pullulans (de bary) arnaud. | | 1959 | 13811731 |
| psychrophilic and mesophilic fungi in frozen food products. | the mold flora of certain frozen pastries and chicken pies was investigated. molds were determined qualitatively or quantitatively, or both, by preparing pour plates of the blended product and incubating the plates at various temperatures. the mesophilic fungal flora developed on plates incubated at 10 and 20 c, whereas psychrophilic fungi were obtained on plates incubated at 0 and 5 c. about 2,000 cultures of fungi, representing about 100 different species, were isolated from various products. ... | 1963 | 13927344 |
| stimulation of rhizomorph development of armillaria mellea by aureobasidium pullulans in artificial culture. | | 1965 | 14323046 |
| psychrophilic and mesophilic fungi in fruit-filled pastries. | surveys of the mold flora of frozen blueberry and cherry pastries were undertaken. molds were enumerated by preparing pour plates of the blended product and incubating the plates at 0, 5, 10, and 20 c. in this manner, the total fungal content of the product could be ascertained from the 10 and 20 c plates, and the psychrophilic fungal population was represented by those fungi which grew at 0 and 5 c. the pastry portion, or crust, of the blueberry material was sampled separately from the filling ... | 1962 | 14460237 |
| mould specific igg antibodies connected with sinusitis in teachers of mould damaged school: a two-year follow-up study. | the aim of this study was to describe the relationship between mould exposure induced by moisture damage and mould specific immunoglobulin g antibodies to 20 common mould species and their association with respiratory diseases. | 2003 | 14587535 |
| concentration and species diversity of airborne fungi near busy streets in lithuanian urban areas. | the investigations on air pollution in industrial cities of lithuania: vilnius, alytus, kaunas, marijampole and elektrenai were aimed at detecting the presence of fungi and aerosol particles during different seasons of the year. sampling of fungal spores was carried out at 20 sampling sites. active air sampling was performed simultaneously with the use of passive sedimentation plates. data on the spread of various micromycete species in the air of cities contaminated with various pollutants are ... | 2003 | 14677918 |
| novel method for cell immobilization and its application for production of oligosaccharides from sucrose. | the purpose of the present investigation was to develop a novel method for cell immobilization. | 2004 | 14746552 |
| production of fructo-oligosaccharides from molasses by aureobasidium pullulans cells. | three different strains of aureobasidium pullulans were grown in batch cultures to compare their abilities for the production of fructo-oligosaccharides. specific intracellular enzyme activity was the highest with strain kccm 12017 and enzyme production was closely coupled to growth. using a. pullulans cells, 166 g/l fructo-oligosaccharides was produced from 360 g/l molasses sugar as sucrose equivalent at 55 degrees c and ph 5.5 after 24 h incubation. | 2004 | 14987721 |
| the synergistic effects of stochasticity and dispersal on population densities. | using laboratory experiments, simulation models, and analytical techniques, we examined the impact of dispersal on the mean densities of patchily distributed populations. even when dispersal leads to no net additions or removals of individuals from a population, it may nonetheless increase mean population densities if the net immigration rate is positive when populations are growing and negative when they are declining. as a model system for exploring this phenomenon, we used the yeastlike fungu ... | 2004 | 15026974 |
| which morphological forms of the fungus aureobasidium pullulans are responsible for pullulan production? | attempts were made to clarify the precise location and possible site of production of the alpha-glucan pullulan in different morphological forms of the fungus aureobasidium pullulans. gold-conjugated pullulanase was used as the specific probe for this purpose. no cell wall pullulan-like material was detected by transmission electron microscopy (tem) in any morphological form of this fungus, although intracellular electron transparent material bound this probe. when silver enhancement of this gol ... | 2004 | 15033243 |
| salt-induced changes in lipid composition and membrane fluidity of halophilic yeast-like melanized fungi. | the halophilic melanized yeast-like fungi hortaea werneckii, phaeotheca triangularis, and the halotolerant aureobasidium pullulans, isolated from salterns as their natural environment, were grown at different nacl concentrations and their membrane lipid composition and fluidity were examined. among sterols, besides ergosterol, which was the predominant one, 23 additional sterols were identified. their total content did not change consistently or significantly in response to raised nacl concentra ... | 2004 | 15064990 |
| effect of simulated acid rain on quantity of epiphytic microfungi on scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) needles. | the effects of simulated acid rain on the phyllosphere microflora of pine (pinus sylvestris l.) were studied experimentally in northern finland during the summer of 1988. trees were irrigated with artificial acid rain of ph4 and ph3 (h(2)so(4) and hno(3), weight ratio of s:n=2.86:1). untreated trees and trees irrigated with spring water (ph6) were used as controls. two sampling heights (0.5m and 2m) were used. the needles were colonized exclusively by epiphytic fungi, mainly aureobasidium pullul ... | 1990 | 15092206 |
| physical and chemical aspects of long-term biodeterioration of some polymers and composites. | a biodeterioration study was performed on synthetic polymeric materials including homogenous film made from poly(tetrafluorine ethylene), copolymer film made from tetrafluorine ethylene and perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, vulcanized rubber containing natural caoutchouc, and vulcanized rubber, the main component of which was synthetic butadiene nitrile caoutchouc. the materials were exposed for 12 years to the open air, in mycological containers, and in a cellar in maritime climate conditions: air h ... | 2004 | 15269902 |
| ferric reductase, superoxide dismutase and alkaline phosphatase activities in siderophore producing fungi. | enzymes associated with release of iron from internalized ferrated siderophore (ferrisiderophore reductase), with damage to the cell at high iron concentration (superoxide dismutase) and siderophore synthesis (alkaline phosphatase), were examined in 3 test fungi viz., aspergillus sp. abp4, aureobasidium pullulans and rhizopus sp. extracellular ferrisiderophore reductase activity was present in all the three fungi, but aureobasidium pullulans, that showed the highest activity (84.3 microm min(-1) ... | 2004 | 15282958 |
| production of high molecular weight pullulan by aureobasidium pullulans hp-2001 with soybean pomace as a nitrogen source. | the production of pullulan by aureobasidium pullulans hp-2001 was enhanced by yeast extract as a nitrogen source as well as soybean pomace. the highest production of pullulan by a. pullulans hp-2001 with yeast extract was 5.5 g/l whereas that of pullulan with soybean pomace was 7.5 g/l. the gas chromatogram of pullulan produced by a. pullulans hp-2001 with soybean pomace as a nitrogen source showed that the major and minor components were glucose and mannose. the ftir spectra of pullulans produc ... | 2004 | 15288272 |
| effect of the shear rate on pullulan production from beet molasses by aureobasidium pullulans in an airlift reactor. | the effect of the shear rate on pullulan production from beet molasses by aureobasidium pullulans p56 in an airlift reactor was investigated. a maximum polysaccharide concentration (18.5 g/l), biomass dry weight (14.0 g/l), polysaccharide yield (38.5%), and sugar utilization (96%) was achieved at a shear rate of 42 s(-1). a. pullulans grown on beet molasses produced a mixture of pullulan and other polysaccharides. the highest value of pullulan proportion (30% of total polysaccharide) was obtaine ... | 1999 | 15304678 |
| application and evaluation of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to analyse the yeast ecology of wine grapes. | the performance of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) for analysing yeasts associated with wine grapes was compared with cultural isolation on malt extract agar (mea). after optimisation of pcr and electrophoretic conditions, the lower limit of yeast detection by pcr-dgge was 10(2) cfuml(-1), although this value was affected by culture age and the relative populations of the species in mixed culture. in mixed yeast populations, pcr-dgge detected species present at 10-100-fold less th ... | 2004 | 15450194 |