| aging of the human endometrium: peri-implantation phase endometrium does not show any age-dependent variation in lectin binding. | to evaluate if the peri-implantation endometrium shows age variations in lectin patterns, which suggest possible age variations in embryo-maternal recognition. | 1996 | 8801134 |
| structural and antifungal properties of a pathogenesis-related protein from wheat kernel. | we have purified and characterized a protein from the water-soluble fraction of wheat kernel (triticum aestivum cv. s. pastore) consisting of a single polypeptide chain blocked at its n-terminus by a pyroglutamate residue; the complete amino acid sequence has been determined by automated sequence analysis performed on peptide fragments obtained by enzymatic hydrolyses of the protein. homology studies have shown that this protein is very similar (97% sequence identity) to the previously character ... | 1996 | 8838588 |
| constitutively hyposialylated human t-lymphocyte clones in the tn-syndrome: binding characteristics of plant and animal lectins. | previously, beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase-deficient (tn+) and normal (tf+) t-lymphocyte clones have been established from a patient suffering from tn-syndrome [thurnher et al. (1992) eur j immunol 22: 1835-42]. tn+ t lymphocytes express only tn antigen galnac alpha 1-o-r) while other o-glycan structures such as sialosyl-tn (neu5ac alpha 2,6galnac alpha 1-o-r) or tf (gal beta 1-3galnac alpha 1-o-r) antigens are absent from these cells as shown by flow cytometry using specific mabs for tf and sia ... | 1996 | 8872113 |
| distribution patterns of 104 kda stress-associated protein in rice. | a 104 kda protein (sap 104) accumulates in rice seedlings in response to several abiotic stress conditions and immunological homologues of rice sap 104 have been detected in several monocot and dicot species, as also neurospora crassa, a fungus. in this report, we show that the amino acid sequence of a tryptic peptide generated from purified sap 104 bears significant homology with an atp-binding domain of the hsp 100 family proteins of arabidopsis thaliana and glycine max. it is further shown th ... | 1998 | 9700064 |
| site directed mutagenesis reduces the na+ affinity of hkt1, an na+ energized high affinity k+ transporter. | hkt1 encodes a high affinity na+ coupled k+ transporter expressed in the cortical cells of triticum aestivum roots. to identify regions of the protein involved in the binding and transport of na+ and k+, mutations were introduced into a domain of hkt1 containing 16 amino acids that are highly conserved across a range of putative k+ transport proteins from different phyla. two mutations had a significant effect on the functional characteristics of the transporter. a yeast growth assay showed that ... | 1998 | 9710245 |
| a histological, lectin and s-100 histochemical study of the developing prenatal human sublingual salivary gland. | lectin and s-100 protein histochemistry during fetal growth and development (10-38th gestational weeks) of these glands was studied. the histological development of glandular structures followed the known pattern for other salivary glands. using biotinylated lectins ulex europeus-i, dolichos biflorus, glycine maximus (soyabean), helix pomatia, arachis hypogaea (peanut) and triticum vulgare (wheatgerm), the binding level and, by implication, the concentration of associated specific oligosaccharid ... | 1995 | 8670026 |
| herbicide safener-binding protein of maize. purification, cloning, and expression of an encoding cdna. | dichloroacetamide safeners protect maize (zea mays l.) against injury from chloroacetanilide and thiocarbamate herbicides. etiolated maize seedlings have a high-affinity cytosolic-binding site for the safener [3h](r,s)-3-dichloroacetyl-2,2,5-trimethyl-1, 3-oxazol-idine ([3h]saf), and this safener-binding activity (safba) is competitively inhibited by the herbicides. the safener-binding protein (safbp), purified to homogeneity, has a relative molecular weight of 39,000, as shown by sodium dodecyl ... | 1998 | 9501141 |
| genetic mapping of hessian fly avirulence gene vh6 using bulked segregant analysis. | the hessian fly, mayetiola destructor (say), an important insect pest of wheat, triticum aestivum l., has a gene-for-gene relationship with wheat: single genes in the insect condition avirulence to specific resistance genes in wheat. we report the discovery of the first molecular genetic marker that is tightly linked to a hessian fly avirulence gene. this dominant dna polymorphism (opg15-1) was identified using bulked segregant analysis and arbitrary primers in polymerase chain reactions. bulked ... | 1998 | 9809439 |
| genetic and biochemical characterization of novel low molecular weight glutenin subunits in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | two novel low molecular weight subunits of glutenin with relative molecular mass (m(r) values) of 30 and 32 kda were isolated from the seeds of hexaploid wheat and characterized at genetic and biochemical levels. among 115 indian bread wheat cultivars analysed, 40 had a narrow doublet of the new protein bands, 69 had a wide doublet, 3 had only the faster moving band of the doublet, and the remaining 3 cultivars had only the slower moving band. these subunits could be seen in the alkylated gluten ... | 1997 | 9061913 |
| characterization of wheat thioredoxin h cdna and production of an active triticum aestivum protein in escherichia coli. | two cdna clones, ptam13.38 and ptd14.13.2, encoding a triticum aestivum and a triticum durum thioredoxin h, respectively, were isolated from mid-maturation seed cdna libraries. the t aestivum thioredoxin h has a molecular mass of 13.5 kda and that from t durum has a molecular mass of 13.8 kda. these two wheat thioredoxin h are 98.5% similar and contain the canonical wcgpc active site and the important structural and functional amino acids that are conserved in thioredoxin sequences. the recombin ... | 1998 | 9523703 |
| subcellular localization of beta-1,3-glucanase in puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici-infected wheat leaves. | an antiserum raised against the purified 33-kda beta-1,3-glucanase of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was employed to investigate the ultrastructural localization of the enzyme in wheat leaves infected with puccinia recondita rob. ex desm. f.sp. tritici eriks. and henn. using a post-embedding immunogold labelling technique. in both compatible and incompatible interactions, beta-1,3-glucanase was detected in the host plasmalemma and in the domain of the host cell wall near the plasmalemma of the mes ... | 1998 | 9530876 |
| cloning and expression of a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) phosphatidylserine synthase cdna. overexpression in plants alters the composition of phospholipids. | we describe the cloning of a wheat cdna (tapss1) that encodes a phosphatidylserine synthase (pss) and provides the first strong evidence for the existence of this enzyme in a higher eukaryotic cell. the cdna was isolated on its ability to confer increased resistance to aluminum toxicity when expressed in yeast. the sequence of the predicted protein encoded by tapss1 shows homology to pss from both yeast and bacteria but is distinct from the animal pss enzymes that catalyze base-exchange reaction ... | 1999 | 10066765 |
| in vitro assessment of acetic-acid-soluble proteins (glutenin) toxicity in celiac disease. | acetic-acid-soluble storage proteins from gluten of the bread wheat cv. sprint 3 were fractionated by adsorption chromatography on 2000 a controlled-pore glass (cpg) beads, and glutenin polymers with molecular mass higher than 10(7) da and free from monomeric gliadins were recovered. the glutenin polymers were found to consist of high-molecular-weight (hmw) and low-molecular-weight (lmw) glutenin subunits. peptic-tryptic (pt) digests of glutenins were examined for their agglutination activity on ... | 1996 | 9062852 |
| protective action of epidermal growth factor and a fraction from triticum vulgare extract in mouse tail necrosis. | several peptide growth factors, including egf, are known to protect endothelium from oxygen-related damage or ischemia-reperfusion, in vitro experiments show that such protective effect involves endogenous endothelium-related factors like nitric oxide and prostanoids. however, in vivo demonstrations of a possible role in related vascular diseases are lacking. in our experiments, human egf and fraction c, a 3-10 kda oligosaccharidic fraction from an aqueous extract of triticum vulgare, known as g ... | 1997 | 9076327 |
| corneal glycoconjugates: an ultrastructural lectin-gold study. | the oligosaccharide chains of cell surface and extracellular matrix glycoconjugates are essential for the biological properties of these molecules. we have, therefore, investigated carbohydrate residues in the rat cornea using biotinylated lectin-gold probes. fixed corneas were removed and embedded in lowicryl hm20 or lr white. ultrathin sections were incubated in one of the lectins: triticum vulgare (wga), canavalia ensiformis (con a), griffonia simplicifolia (gs-1), limax flavus (lfa) and allo ... | 1998 | 9539207 |
| primary structure of omega-hordothionin, a member of a novel family of thionins from barley endosperm, and its inhibition of protein synthesis in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell-free systems. | a new sulfur-rich basic polypeptide, so called omega-hordothionin, has been isolated from barley endosperm by extractions with nacl and ammonium bicarbonate followed by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. purified omega-hordothionin was found to be homogeneous by sds/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, n-terminal amino-acid sequencing and electrospray-ionization mass spectrometric analysis. the complete primary structure of omega-hordothionin was determined by automatic degrada ... | 1996 | 8706720 |
| expression of beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in healthy, stem-rust-affected and elicitor-treated near-isogenic wheat lines showing sr5-or sr24-specified race-specific rust resistance. | pathogenesis-related expression of the two antifungal hydrolases beta-1,3-glucanase (ec 3.2.1.39) and chitinase (ec 3.2.1.14) was studied in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) as part of the defence response to stem rust (puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, pgt), mediated by the semi-dominantly acting resistance genes sr5 and sr24. complete resistance (infection type 0), mediated by the sr5 gene in cultivar pre-sr5, closely correlates with the hypersensitive response of penetrated cells at early stage of ... | 1997 | 9084219 |
| changes in lectin binding sites during early human liver development. | in this study we investigated whether changes in glycosylation during liver morphogenesis correlate with the early development of individual structures in the human liver. therefore, we localized the binding of the lectins from sambucus nigra (sna; specific for sialic acid), triticum vulgare (wga; specific for n-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid), ricinus communis (rca i; specific for beta-galactose), lotus tetragonolobus (lta; specific for alpha-fucose) and concanavalia ensiformis (con a; speci ... | 1997 | 9105893 |
| determination of the chromium content of hungarian winter wheat. | bread and different winter wheat (triticum aestivum) products are the main sources of chromium in the human diet in hungary. graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (gf-aas) is able to give reliable results for cr. in this study the chromium content of some winter wheat species was determined after wet digestion. contamination was the most critical part of chromium measurement; thus, appropriate sample preparation and the cleaning of kernels before digestion were required. the chromium c ... | 1999 | 10552559 |
| sucrose and cytokinin modulation of wpk4, a gene encoding a snf1-related protein kinase from wheat. | wpk4, a gene encoding a putative protein kinase, was initially identified in wheat (triticum aestivum) and shown to be up-regulated by light, nutrient deprivation, and cytokinins. to confirm that wpk4 has protein kinase activity, the protein was produced in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with glutathione s-transferase. the purified protein exhibited autophosphorylation activity and phosphorylated both myelin basic protein and a peptide fragment of rice 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a ... | 1999 | 10557229 |
| cloning and characterization of a cdna encoding catalase in wheat. | we determined the nucleotide sequence of a cdna encoding the catalase (cat) isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the deduced amino acid sequence suggests that this wheat catalase isozyme shared higher amino acid homology with group i cats of barley cat-1, rice cat b and maize cat-1 and cat-2 but lower homology with group ii cats of barley cat-2, rice cat a and maize cat-3. both group i and ii specific sequences of ser-arg-leu and ser-ser-ser, respectively considered as peroxisomal targeti ... | 1999 | 10565542 |
| identification of alleles for complex gene loci glu-a1, glu-b1, and glu-d1, which code for high molecular weight subunits of glutenin in japanese hexaploid wheat varieties. | seed storage proteins of japanese wheat (triticum aestivum) varieties were fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to identify the alleles for complex gene loci, glu-a1, glu-b1, and glu-d1, which code for high molecular weight (hmw) subunits of glutenin in japanese hexaploid wheat varieties. these were identified by comparison of subunit mobility with those previously found in hexaploid wheat. twenty-four different, major glutenin hmw subunits were identified, a ... | 1999 | 10606608 |
| chromosomal location and genetic mapping of the mismatch repair gene homologs msh2, msh3, and msh6 in rye and wheat | the efficiency of homeologous recombination is influenced by mismatch repair genes in bacteria, yeast, and mammals. to elucidate a possible role of these genes in homeologous pairing and cross-compatibility in plants, gene probes of wheat (triticum aestivum) specific for the mismatch repair gene homologues msh2, msh3, and msh6 were used to map them to their genomic positions in rye (secale cereale). whereas msh2 was mapped to the short arm of chromosome 1r, msh3 was mapped to the long arm of chr ... | 1999 | 10659795 |
| regulation of gelatinase b (mmp-9) in leukocytes by plant lectins. | the stimulatory or inhibitory effects of plant lectins on the production of gelatinase a (mmp-2) and gelatinase b (mmp-9) by mononuclear white blood cells was investigated by substrate zymography. leukocyte cultures from 24-h old buffy coats were spontaneously activated and produced high levels of gelatinase b. using such cultures the suppressing activity of the datura stramonium, viscum album, bauhinia purpurea, triticum aestivum and maackia amurensis lectins on gelatinase b induction were demo ... | 1998 | 9607327 |
| root colonization of different plants by plant-growth-promoting rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii r39 studied with monospecific polyclonal antisera. | monospecific polyclonal antisera raised against rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii r39, a bacterium which was isolated originally from red clover nodules, were used to study the colonization of roots of leguminous and nonleguminous plants (pisum sativum, lupinus albus, triticúm aestivum, and zea mays) after inoculation. eight weeks after inoculation of soil-grown plants, between 0.1 and 1% of the total bacterial population in the rhizospheres of all inoculated plants were identified as r. legu ... | 1997 | 9143133 |
| expression of aluminum-induced genes in transgenic arabidopsis plants can ameliorate aluminum stress and/or oxidative stress. | to examine the biological role of al-stress-induced genes, nine genes derived from arabidopsis, tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) were expressed in arabidopsis ecotype landsberg. lines containing eight of these genes were phenotypically normal and were tested in root elongation assays for their sensitivity to al, cd, cu, na, zn, and to oxidative stresses. an arabidopsis blue-copper-binding protein gene (atbcb), a tobacco glutathion ... | 2000 | 10712528 |
| decreased levels of heat shock proteins in gut epithelial cells after exposure to plant lectins. | the enterocytes of the intestinal epithelium are regularly exposed to potentially harmful substances of dietary origin, such as lectins. expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) by this epithelium may be part of a protective mechanism developed by intestinal epithelial cells to deal with noxious components in the intestinal lumen. | 2000 | 10764712 |
| extraction, purification and some partial characterization of alpha-amylase inhibitors from wheat iapar 28-igapó. | alpha-amylase inhibitors from wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivar iapar 28-igapó were extracted with water in a 1:10 (w:v) ratio and precipitated with ammonium sulfate between 20-50% saturation, followed by deae and cm-cellulose chromatography. one inhibitor was purified and designated as cmc-ib, and had electrophoretic mobilities of 0.23 and 0.54 in alkaline and acidic conditions, respectively. this inhibitor was 750 times more active on human salivary alpha-amylase (hssa) than porcine pancreati ... | 1995 | 9161447 |
| net flux of nutrients across splanchnic tissues in wethers consuming grasses of different sources and physical forms ad libitum. | crossbred sheep (n 16, 8.5 months of age and 33 (se 0.9) kg) were used in a 21 d experiment (2 x 2 factorial) to determine effects on net flux of nutrients across the portal-drained viscera (pdv) and liver of ad libitum consumption of bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon; b) v. ryegrass (lolium multiflorum)-wheat (triticum aestivum; rw) hay, coarsely chopped (cc) or finely ground and pelleted (gp). crude protein concentrations were 86, 81, 113 and 119 g/kg and neutral-detergent fibre concentrations we ... | 1997 | 9175996 |
| histochemical study of the epithelia of nasal polyps by biotinylated lectins and neoglycoprotein. a comparison with the normal human respiratory epithelium. | formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from human nasal polyps and the normal respiratory epithelium were glycohistochemically investigated. three biotinylated lectins were used: peanut (arachis hypogaea) agglutinin (pna) which, binds to terminal galactose (beta 1-3) n-acetylgalactosamine residues that can be unmasked by a neuraminidase digestion; wheat germ (triticum vulgare) agglutinin (wga), which binds to n-acetylglucosamine and n-acetylneuraminic acids; and gorse seed (ulex europaeus) a ... | 1997 | 9253585 |
| development of a pcr marker for rapid identification of the bt-10 gene for common bunt resistance in wheat. | in western canada, the bt-10 resistance gene in wheat (triticum aestivum) is effective against all the known races of common bunt caused by tilletia tritici and t laevis. the genotypes of 199 f2 plants, originated from a cross between bw553 containing bt-10 and the susceptible spring wheat cultivar 'neepawa,' were established in greenhouse and field inoculation studies. a ratio of 1:2:1 resistant : heterozygous : susceptible was observed for bunt reaction, indicating that bt-10 was expressed in ... | 2000 | 10791808 |
| partial characterization of glutathione s-transferases from wheat (triticum spp.) and purification of a safener-induced glutathione s-transferase from triticum tauschii. | hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has very low constitutive glutathione s-transferase (gst) activity when assayed with the chloroacetamide herbicide dimethenamid as a substrate, which may account for its low tolerance to dimethenamid in the field. treatment of seeds with the herbicide safener fluxofenim increased the total gst activity extracted from t. aestivum shoots 9-fold when assayed with dimethenamid as a substrate, but had no effect on glutathione levels. total gst activity in crude ... | 1997 | 9276955 |
| chromosomal location of powdery mildew resistance genes and cytogenetic analysis of meiosis in common wheat cultivar meri. | common wheat cv. meri was crossed to a set of 21 chinese spring monosomic lines to characterize resistance to powdery mildew and to determine the chromosomal location of the gene(s). monosomic f1 plants were allowed to self-pollinate and to produce f2 seeds. seedlings of f2 and f3 plants and their parents were inoculated with isolates ns 2 and 9 of erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici. analysis of obtained data revealed that one major dominant gene conferring resistance is located on chromosome 1b o ... | 2000 | 10857256 |
| nitrogen metabolism and hormonal responses of steers fed wheat silage and infused with amino acids or casein. | four holstein steers (159 kg) surgically fitted with abomasal-infusion cannulas were used in a 4 x 4 latin square study to test amino acid (aa) and casein (cas) infusions on nitrogen balance and hormonal status of steers consuming vegetative wheat (triticum aestivum l.) silage (12.3% cp). treatments were 5-d infusions of 1) water (cont), 2) arginine (arg; 13.69 g/d), 3) limiting amino acids (laa, 13.69 g/d arginine + 10.92 g/d histidine + 28.97 g/d lysine + 10.88 g/d methionine + 16.96 g/d threo ... | 1997 | 9374320 |
| inhibitory serpins from wheat grain with reactive centers resembling glutamine-rich repeats of prolamin storage proteins. cloning and characterization of five major molecular forms. | genes encoding proteins of the serpin superfamily are widespread in the plant kingdom, but the properties of very few plant serpins have been studied, and physiological functions have not been elucidated. six distinct serpins have been identified in grains of hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by partial purification and amino acid sequencing. the reactive centers of all but one of the serpins resemble the glutamine-rich repetitive sequences in prolamin storage proteins of wheat grain. ... | 2000 | 10874043 |
| lectin binding sites on cd34+ human haematopoietic stem cells and lymphocytes from peripheral blood: an ultrastructural post-embedding study. | this study was performed to obtain a better insight into the glycosylation pattern of human cd34+ haematopoietic stem cells and lymphocytes from peripheral blood using an ultrastructural post-embedding technique. lectins applied were derived from canavalia ensiformis (con a), triticum vulgare (wga), lycopersicon esculentum (lea), limulus polyphemus (lpa), ulex europaeus-i (uea-i), bauhinia purpurea (bpa), glycine max (sba), helix pomatia (hpa), arachis hypogaea (pna) and erythrina cristagalli (e ... | 1997 | 9413743 |
| identification and characterization of a novel arabinoxylanase from wheat flour. | an endogenous wheat (triticum aestivum) flour endoxylanase was purified to homogeneity from a crude wheat flour extract by ammonium sulfate precipitation and cation-exchange chromatography. the 30-kd protein had an isoelectric point of 9.3 or higher. a sequence of 19 amino acids at the nh2 terminus showed 84.2% identity with an internal sequence of 15-kd grain-softness protein, friabilin. high-performance anion-exchange chromatography and gel-permeation analysis of the hydrolysis products indica ... | 1997 | 9414565 |
| oxidative stress causes ferredoxin-nadp+ reductase solubilization from the thylakoid membranes in methyl viologen-treated plants. | the flavoenzyme ferredoxin-nadp+ reductase (fnr) is a member of the cellular defense barrier against oxidative damage in escherichia coli. we evaluated the responses of chloroplast fnr to methyl viologen, a superoxide radical propagator, in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants and chloroplasts. treatments with the herbicide showed little effect on the levels of fnr protein or transcripts, indicating that expression of this reductase is not upregulated by oxidants in plants. viologens and peroxide ... | 1997 | 9414570 |
| aero-allergens in canine atopic dermatitis in southeastern australia based on 1000 intradermal skin tests. | to determine the most relevant aero-allergens involved in canine atopic dermatitis in southeastern australia and provide information about these aero-allergens to the general practitioner. | 2000 | 10920777 |
| trafficking of wheat gluten proteins in transgenic tobacco plants: gamma-gliadin does not contain an endoplasmic reticulum-retention signal. | wild-type and mutated forms of the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) storage protein gamma-gliadin were expressed in transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l. cv. nvs) under the control of the 35s cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) promoter in order to determine what, if any, endogenous targeting signals are present in the wild-type gamma-gliadin protein. the mutant forms of the protein were modified by the addition of a kdel or hdel c-terminal endoplasmic reticulum-retention signal, or the addition of a ... | 1997 | 9421932 |
| complex formation between potyvirus vpg and translation eukaryotic initiation factor 4e correlates with virus infectivity. | the interaction between the viral protein linked to the genome (vpg) of turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) and the translation eukaryotic initiation factor eif(iso)4e of arabidopsis thaliana has previously been reported. eif(iso)4e binds the cap structure (m(7)gpppn, where n is any nucleotide) of mrnas and has an important role in the regulation in the initiation of translation. in the present study, it was shown that not only did vpg bind eif(iso)4e but it also interacted with the eif4e isomer of a ... | 2000 | 10933678 |
| [development of blunt tilletia caries (d.c.) tul. pathogen on embryogenic wheat callus]. | the development of tilletia caries on embryogenic and morphogenic wheat calluses from germination of spores up to sorus formation have been investigated. pathogene growth was similar in variants with wheat calluses of susceptible species triticum aestivum and resistant species t. timopheevii, but intensity of its development of embryogenic calluses of both species was lower, than on morphogenic. necrosis of parenchyma-like cells was more distinct in the embryogenic than in morphogenic calluses. ... | 2000 | 10953860 |
| intercodon dinucleotides affect codon choice in plant genes. | in this work, 710 cdss corresponding to over 290 000 codons equally distributed between brassica napus, arabidopsis thaliana, lycopersicon esculentum, nicotiana tabacum, pisum sativum, glycine max, oryza sativa, triticum aestivum, hordeum vulgare and zea mays were considered. for each amino acid, synonymous codon choice was determined in the presence of a, g, c or t as the initial nucleotide of the subsequent triplet; data were statistically analysed under the hypothesis of an independent assort ... | 2000 | 10954603 |
| the chromosomal organization of simple sequence repeats in wheat and rye genomes. | the physical distribution of ten simple-sequence repeated dna motifs (ssrs) was studied on chromosomes of bread wheat, rye and hexaploid triticale. oligomers with repeated di-, tri- or tetra-nucleotide motifs were used as probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization to root-tip metaphase and anther pachytene chromosomes. all motifs showed dispersed hybridization signals of varying strengths on all chromosomes. in addition, the motifs (ag)12, (cat)5, (aag)5, (gcc)5 and, in particular, (gaca)4 hy ... | 1998 | 9933412 |
| a novel class of protein from wheat which inhibits xylanases. | we have purified a novel class of protein that can inhibit the activity of endo-beta-1,4-xylanases. the inhibitor from wheat (triticum aestivum, var. soisson) is a glycosylated, monomeric, basic protein with a pi of 8.7-8.9, a molecular mass of 29 kda and a unique n-terminal sequence of aggktgqvtvfwgrn. we have shown that the protein can inhibit the activity of two family-11 endo-beta-1, 4-xylanases, a recombinant enzyme from aspergillus niger and an enzyme from trichoderma viride. the inhibitor ... | 1999 | 10024521 |
| detoxication of phenol in annual plant seedlings. | transformation of phenol (14c6h5oh) penetrating through the roots of mung bean (phaseolus aureus) and wheat (triticum vulgare) sterile seedlings has been studied. phenol was coupled to low-molecular-weight peptides, producing phenol-peptide conjugates. hydrolytic cleavage of the conjugates liberated initial labeled phenol and some unlabeled amino acids. phenol- glutathione and phenol-homoglutathione were not found among the peptide conjugates. it is suggested that the conjugation is carried out ... | 1999 | 10051359 |
| ecological intensification of cereal production systems: yield potential, soil quality, and precision agriculture. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.), rice (oryza sativa l.), and maize (zea mays l.) provide about two-thirds of all energy in human diets, and four major cropping systems in which these cereals are grown represent the foundation of human food supply. yield per unit time and land has increased markedly during the past 30 years in these systems, a result of intensified crop management involving improved germplasm, greater inputs of fertilizer, production of two or more crops per year on the same piece o ... | 1999 | 10339523 |
| a novel histone variant localized in nucleoli of higher plant cells. | immunofluorescence staining with antisera raised against p35, a basic nuclear protein that accumulates in the pollen nuclei of lilium longiflorum, specifically stained the nucleoli in interphase nuclei of somatic tissues, including root and leaf, and in pachytene nuclei during meiotic division, whereas antisera raised against histone h1 uniformly stained the entire chromatin domain with the exception of the nucleoli in these nuclei. further, p35-specific antisera stained the nucleoli in root and ... | 1999 | 10398848 |
| arabidopsis thaliana germin-like proteins: common and specific features point to a variety of functions. | germin-like proteins (glps) are ubiquitous plant proteins encoded by diverse multigene families. it is not known whether they share germin's unusual biochemical properties and oxalate oxidase activity. using specific antibodies, we have studied three glps (atger1. atger2 and atger3) in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. as well as in transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) plants overexpressing these proteins. like wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) germin, these arabidopsis glps are associated with ... | 2000 | 10987552 |
| the relationship between high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit composition and the quality of japanese hexaploid wheat lines. | to reveal the high-molecular-weight (1-1mw) glutenin subunit composition, the seed storage proteins of 40 japanese wheat (triticum aestivum) lines were fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to determine their hmw glutenin subunit composition. these were identified by comparison of subunit mobility with that previously found in hexaploid wheat. twelve different, major glutenin hmw subunits were identified. each line contained three to five subunits, and 11 dif ... | 2000 | 11032477 |
| bioactive antinutritional peptides derived from cereal prolamins: a review. | alcohol-soluble endosperm proteins (prolamins) from some cereals (e.g. wheat, barley, and rye) give origin upon proteolytic digestion to biologically-active antinutritional peptides able to adversely affect in vivo the intestinal mucosa of coeliac patients, whereas prolamins from other cereals (e.g. maize and rice) do not. these antinutritional peptides are also able to: (a) prevent in vitro recovery of atrophic coeliac mucosa; (b) to inhibit differentiation of isolated rat fetal and chick fetal ... | 1999 | 10399351 |
| the localization and expression of the class ii starch synthases of wheat. | the starch granules of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) contain a group of three proteins known as sgp-1 (starch granule protein-1) proteins, which have apparent molecular masses of 100, 108, and 115 kd. the nature and role of these proteins has not been defined previously. we demonstrate that these polypeptides are starch synthases that are present in both the starch granule and the soluble fraction at the early stages of wheat endosperm development, but that are exclusively granule bound at ... | 1999 | 10444098 |
| aluminum-induced 1-->3-beta-d-glucan inhibits cell-to-cell trafficking of molecules through plasmodesmata. a new mechanism of aluminum toxicity in plants. | symplastic intercellular transport in plants is achieved by plasmodesmata (pd). these cytoplasmic channels are well known to interconnect plant cells to facilitate intercellular movement of water, nutrients, and signaling molecules including hormones. however, it is not known whether al may affect this cell-to-cell transport process, which is a critical feature for roots as organs of nutrient/water uptake. we have microinjected the dye lucifer yellow carbohydrazide into peripheral root cells of ... | 2000 | 11080277 |
| cytokinins in tobacco and wheat chloroplasts. occurrence and changes due to light/dark treatment. | although cytokinins (cks) affect a number of processes connected with chloroplasts, it has never been rigorously proven that chloroplasts contain cks. we isolated intact chloroplasts from tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l. cv sr1) and wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv ritmo) leaves and determined their cks by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectroscopy. chloroplasts from both species contained a whole spectrum of cks, including free bases (zeatin and isopentenyladenine), ribosides (zeatin riboside, a ... | 1999 | 10482680 |
| field survey of cd and pb contents in spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grain grown in baiyin city, gansu province, people's republic of china. | | 1999 | 10501735 |
| resistance gene analogs within an introgressed chromosomal segment derived from triticum ventricosum that confers resistance to nematode and rust pathogens in wheat. | a resistance (r) gene-rich 2s chromosomal segment from triticum ventricosum contains a cereal cyst nematode (ccn; heterodera avenae) r gene locus crex and a closely linked group of genes (sr38, yr17, and lr37) that confer resistance to stem rust (puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici), stripe rust (p. striiformis f. sp. tritici), and leaf rust (p. recondita f. sp. tritici) when introgressed into wheat. the 2s chromosomal segment from t. ventricosum is further delineated in translocations onto chromos ... | 2000 | 10707359 |
| initial characterization of cst1, a toxoplasma gondii cyst wall glycoprotein. | toxoplasma gondii is an important protozoan pathogen of humans that can cause encephalitis in immunocompromised individuals such as those with aids. this encephalitis is due to reactivation of latent infection in t. gondii-seropositive patients. latent organisms survive within tissue cysts, which are specialized parasitophorous vacuoles containing bradyzoites. the cyst wall of this structure is produced by modification of the parasitophorous vacuole by the parasite and is important in cyst survi ... | 2001 | 11119543 |
| effects of competition on resistance gene polymorphism in a plant/pathogen system. | puccinia striiformis, a fungal pathogen, has been shown to cause direct, negative frequency-dependent selection on its host, wheat (triticum aestivum). this disease-induced frequency-dependent selection was not sufficient to maintain polymorphism for resistance genes in the host populations. the present study examines whether interactions between disease and competition could impact upon the maintenance of genetic polymorphism in a highly self-pollinated species such as wheat, where strong assoc ... | 2000 | 11122417 |
| induction of apoptosis in caco-2 cells by wheat gliadin peptides. | recent experimental evidence suggests that enterocyte apoptosis is greater than hitherto assumed and may be responsible for villous atrophy in coeliac disease. we have previously demonstrated that a small peptide (m.w. 1157.5 da), identified as the sequence h(2)n-gln-gln-pro-gln-asp-ala-val-gln-pro-phe-cooh from durum wheat gliadin, is able to prevent k 562 (s) cell agglutination induced by the peptic-tryptic digests (pt) of prolamin fractions from the cereals which are not tolerated in coeliac ... | 2000 | 10771132 |
| analysis of glycoconjugate patterns of normal and hormone-induced dysplastic noble rat prostates, and an androgen-independent noble rat prostate tumor, by lectin histochemistry and protein blotting. | alteration of the expression of glycoconjugates is frequently observed in tumors. however, studies on the changes of cellular glycosylation in the early premalignant stage of prostate carcinogenesis are scarce. | 2001 | 11170128 |
| purification and some properties of catalase from wheat germ (triticum aestivum l.). | two isoforms of catalase, cat-1 and cat-2, were purified from wheat germ after extraction, ammonium sulfate precipitations, hydrophobic chromatography, and two ionic-exchange chromatographies. the global yields and the purification factors were close to 3% and 50 for cat-1 and close to 6% and 100 for cat-2. both isoforms exhibit an optimum activity at ph 7. when ph was decreased from 7 to 5.6, cat-1 showed a decreasing affinity for its substrate, whereas the opposite was found for cat-2. both is ... | 2000 | 10775348 |
| analysis of plastid dna-like sequences within the nuclear genomes of higher plants. | a wide-ranging examination of plastid (pt)dna sequence homologies within higher plant nuclear genomes (promiscuous dna) was undertaken. digestion with methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes and southern analysis was used to distinguish plastid and nuclear dna in order to assess the extent of variability of promiscuous sequences within and between plant species. some species, such as gossypium hirsutum (cotton), nicotiana tabacum (tobacco), and chenopodium quinoa, showed homogenity of these se ... | 1998 | 9615455 |
| occurrence of fusarium species and mycotoxins in nepalese maize and wheat and the effect of traditional processing methods on mycotoxin levels. | maize (zea mays) and wheat (triticum aestivum) collected in the foothills of the nepal himalaya mountains were analyzed for fusarium species and mycotoxins: fumonisins, nivalenol (niv), and deoxynivalenol (don). predominant species were gibberella fujikuroi mating population a (f. moniliforme) in maize and f. graminearum in maize and wheat; g. fujikuroi mating population d (f. proliferatum), f. acuminatum, f. avenaceum, f. chlamydosporum, f. equiseti, f. oxysporum, f. semitectum, and f. torulosu ... | 2000 | 10775401 |
| peptide mapping and characterisation of glycation patterns of the glima 38 antigen recognised by autoantibodies in type i diabetic patients. | glima 38 is an n-glycated neuroendocrine membrane protein of m(r) 38,000, which is recognised by autoantibodies in approximately 20% of patients with type i (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. the aim of this study was to characterise the carbohydrate moiety and generate peptide maps of glima 38. | 2000 | 10855535 |
| phenotypic and molecular identification and clustering of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts from wheat (species triticum durum and triticum aestivum) sourdoughs of southern italy. | the microflora of 25 wheat sourdoughs from the apulia region, southern italy, was characterized. the sourdoughs were mainly produced from triticum durum wheat. the number of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts ranged from ca. log 7.5 to log 9.3 colony forming units (cfu)/g and from log 5.5 to log 8.4 cfu/g, respectively. about 38% of the 317 isolates of lactic acid bacteria were identified by conventional physiological and biochemical tests. phenotypic identification was confirmed by 16s rdna and 16 ... | 2001 | 11252516 |
| structural specificities and significance for coeliac disease of wheat gliadin peptides able to agglutinate or to prevent agglutination of k562(s) cells. | two peptides corresponding to bread wheat a-gliadin fragments 31-43 and 44-55, well known for their ability to damage the coeliac disease intestinal mucosa both in vitro and in vivo, have been confirmed to be very active in inducing in vitro agglutination of k 562 (s) cells. removal of six amino acid residues from the carboxy-terminal end of the 31-43 peptide, or of five amino acid residues from the amino terminal end of the 44-55 peptide, resulted in a lower, but still very significant, cell ag ... | 1998 | 9699797 |
| effect of supplements on growth and forage intake by stocker steers grazing wheat pasture. | this experiment was conducted with stocker steers to determine the effects of supplementary fiber and grain on ruminal acid concentrations and om intake following abrupt dietary change to lush, primary-growth wheat (triticum aestivum) pasture and to measure the effects of those supplements on weight gain at different levels of herbage mass (hm). each of four irrigated wheat pastures (2.4, 3.6, 4.9, and 6.1 ha) was stocked with nine angus crossbred steers (mean = 189 kg). in each pasture, three s ... | 2000 | 10875646 |
| cloning of new members of heat shock protein hsp101 gene family in wheat (triticum aestivum (l.) moench) inducible by heat, dehydration, and aba(1). | we have cloned two cdnas, tahsp101b and tahsp101c, encoding two heat stress-inducible members of hsp101/clpb family in bread wheat (triticum aestivum (l.) moench.). proteins encoded by these cdnas are highly similar at the primary sequence level and diverged from the previously reported tahsp101 (designated tahsp101a) both in the consensus atp/gtp-binding region ii and in the carboxy terminal region. the hsp101 gene was determined to be a single copy gene or a member of a small gene family in he ... | 2001 | 11342108 |
| [detection of alien chromatins introgressed into wheat in mitotic interphase] [in process citation] | fluorescent in situ hybridization of biotin labelled total genomic dna from alien species as probes was applied to illustrate chromatin behaviors of secale cereale l., thinopyrum intermedium host., avana fatua l., and dasypyrum villosum (l.) candagy introgressed into wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in interphase cells. a pair of 1rs chromosome arms in 1bl/1rs translocations were visible as discrete domains traversing through the interphase nucleolus. the substitution and addition 1r chromosomes as ... | 1999 | 10876668 |
| in situ detection of a fungal glycoprotein-elicitor in stem rust-infected susceptible and resistant wheat using immunogold electron microscopy. | immunoelectron microscopy (iem) was used to analyze the compatible and incompatible host-pathogen interaction between the obligate, biotroph stem rust (puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici; pgt) and primary leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the investigation was focused on the subcellular localization of a fungal elicitor glycoprotein of stem rust (pgt-elicitor). uredospores as well as fungal infection structures of stem rust on wheat leaves were probed with a specific monoclonal antibody, in o ... | 1998 | 9765056 |
| wheat mitochondria ccmb encodes the membrane domain of a putative abc transporter involved in cytochrome c biogenesis. | assembly of cytochromes c is mediated by different proteins depending on the organism and organelle considered. in land plants, mitochondria follow a pathway distinct from that of yeast and animal mitochondria, more similar to that described for alpha- and gamma-proteobacteria. indeed, in plant mitochondria, four genes were identified based on the similarities of their products with bacterial proteins involved in c-type cytochrome maturation. we report the characterisation of one of these mitoch ... | 2001 | 11418186 |
| increased cysteine biosynthesis capacity of transgenic tobacco overexpressing an o-acetylserine(thiol) lyase modifies plant responses to oxidative stress. | o-acetylserine(thiol) lyase (oastl), a key enzyme of plant sulfur metabolism, catalyzes the formation of cys from sulfide and o-acetylserine. the biosynthesis of cys is regarded as the exclusive function of sulfur reduction in plants, and a key limiting step in the production of glutathione (gsh), a thiol implicated in various cellular functions, including sulfur transport, gene expression, scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ros), and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. to examine whe ... | 2001 | 11457951 |
| detection of qtls for heading time and photoperiod response in wheat using a doubled-haploid population. | the genetic basis of heading time in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was investigated through the study of flowering under normal autumn sown field conditions as well as photoperiod responses under a controlled environment. quantitative trait loci (qtls) for these traits were mapped in a doubled-haploid (dh) population derived from a cross between the wheat cultivars 'courtot' and 'chinese spring'. a molecular marker linkage map of this cross that was previously constructed based on 187 dh lines an ... | 2000 | 10902713 |
| characterization of a granule-bound starch synthase isoform found in the pericarp of wheat. | waxy wheat (triticum aestivum l.) lacks the waxy protein, which is also known as granule-bound starch synthase i (gbssi). the starch granules of waxy wheat endosperm and pollen do not contain amylose and therefore stain red-brown with iodine. however, we observed that starch from pericarp tissue of waxy wheat stained blue-black and contained amylose. significantly higher starch synthase activity was detected in pericarp starch granules than in endosperm starch granules. a granule-bound protein t ... | 1998 | 9765530 |
| isolation of a cdna encoding a granule-bound 152-kilodalton starch-branching enzyme in wheat. | screening of a wheat (triticum aestivum) cdna library for starch-branching enzyme i (sbei) genes combined with 5'-rapid amplification of cdna ends resulted in isolation of a 4,563-bp composite cdna, sbe1c. based on sequence alignment to characterized sbei cdna clones isolated from plants, the sbeic predicted from the cdna sequence was produced with a transit peptide directing the polypeptide into plastids. furthermore, the predicted mature form of sbeic was much larger (152 kd) than previously c ... | 2000 | 10982440 |
| starch-branching enzymes preferentially associated with a-type starch granules in wheat endosperm. | two starch granule-bound proteins (sgp), sgp-140 and sgp-145, were preferentially associated with a-type starch granules (>10 microm) in developing and mature wheat (triticum aestivum) kernels. immunoblotting and n-terminal sequencing suggested that the two proteins were different variants of sbeic, a 152-kd isoform of wheat starch-branching enzyme. both sgp-140 and sgp-145 were localized to the endosperm starch granules but were not found in the endosperm soluble fraction or pericarp starch gra ... | 2000 | 10982441 |
| isolation and mapping of microsatellite markers specific for the d genome of bread wheat. | the potential of aegilops tauschii, the diploid progenitor of the d genome of wheat, as a source of microsatellite markers for hexaploid bread wheat was investigated. by screening lambda phage and plasmid libraries of ae. tauschii genomic dna, dinucleotide microsatellites containing ga and gt motifs were isolated and a total of 65 functional microsatellite markers were developed. all primer pairs that were functional in ae. tauschii amplified well in hexaploid wheat. fifty-five loci amplified by ... | 2000 | 10984182 |
| biotype composition of hessian fly (diptera: cecidomyiidae) populations from the southeastern, midwestern, and northwestern united states and virulence to resistance genes in wheat. | twenty-three hessian fly, mayetiola destructor (say), populations collected in the southeastern (alabama and mississippi), midwestern (indiana), and northwestern (idaho and washington) united states from 1995 to 1999 were evaluated for biotype composition based on response to hessian fly resistance genes h3, h5, h6, and h7h8 in wheat, triticum aestivum l. biotypes l and o, combined, made up at least 60% of all alabama populations. biotype l was predominant in the northern third of alabama and bi ... | 2000 | 10985049 |
| [the detection of nonallelic to known genes of resistance to tilletia caries (dc) tul. in wheat strains from interspecific hybridization (triticum aestivum x aegilops cylindrica)]. | it was established by hybridological analysis that winter bread wheat lines 1/74-91, 3/36-91, 5/55-91 possess single dominant gene of resistance to bunt (tilletia caries (dc) tul.), but lines 8/2-91, 5/43-91, 4/11-91 and 8/16-91 have two independent dominant genes for this character. these genes originated from aegilops cylindrica are not identical to bt1-bt17 genes and are unknown to date. the lines were obtained from crosses between winter bread wheat variety odeskaya polukarlikovaya and aegil ... | 2000 | 11033855 |
| grain surface-layer treatment of diatomaceous earth for insect control. | this paper describes an alternative method to synthetic insecticides used for protection of stored agricultural products the purpose of which is to minimise the everyday human exposure to those chemicals. the method uses diatomaceous earth which is practically non-toxic to humans and fully acceptable for the environment. fifty and 100-cm-deep layers of hard red spring wheat triticum aestivum (l.) in metal containers (cylinders), 30 cm in diameter and 150 cm in height were treated with 0.5 and 0. ... | 2000 | 11059067 |
| isolation, characterization, and expression analysis of starch synthase iia cdna from wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | we characterized three near-full-length putative homoeologous cdna (ss2a-1, ss2a-2, and ss2a-3) in wheat endosperm most similar to the maize zssiia. polypeptide sequences deduced from three ss2a cdna clones share a 95% overall sequence similarity, and may thus have similar biochemical properties and may make identical contributions to starch biosynthesis in wheat endosperm. the accumulation of rna transcripts corresponding to three ss2a genes in developing endosperm varies among three cultivars ... | 2000 | 11081966 |
| epidemiology of wheat leaf and stem rust in the central great plains of the usa. | wheat (triticum aestivum l) is grown throughout the grasslands from southern mexico into the prairie provinces of canada, a distance of nearly 4200 km. the total area seeded to wheat varies considerably each year; however, from 28 to 32 million ha are planted in the great plains of the united states alone. generally in the central great plains, an area from central texas through central nebraska, 15 million ha are seeded to winter wheat each year. a wide range of environmental conditions exist t ... | 2000 | 11701852 |
| allelochemicals in wheat (triticum aestivum l.): variation of phenolic acids in root tissues. | analysis by gc/ms/ms showed that a worldwide collection of 58 wheat accessions differed significantly in the production of seven phenolic acids in the roots of 17-day-old wheat seedlings. the allelochemical contents among wheat accessions ranged from 24.5 to 94.5, 19.9 to 91.7, 3.7 to 15.4, 2.2 to 38.6, 1.0 to 42.2, 19.3 to 183.6, and 11.7 to 187.6 mg/kg of root dry weight for p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, cis-p-coumaric, syringic, cis-ferulic, trans-p-coumaric, and trans-ferulic acids, respective ... | 2000 | 11087480 |
| effect of maturity on degradation kinetics of sod-seeded cereal grain forage grown in northern arkansas. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.), oat (avena sativa l.), and rye (secale cereale l.) were overseeded into a dormant bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon (l.) pers.) sod and harvested at 3-wk intervals throughout march, april, may, and early june. plant growth stage was documented for each forage on each harvest date, and harvested forages were evaluated for forage quality characteristics. degradation kinetics of dm and ndf for these forages were evaluated by the in situ method. fractional degradation rate ... | 2000 | 11104269 |
| influence of different natural physical fields on biological processes. | in space flight conditions gravity, magnetic, and electrical fields as well as ionizing radiation change both in size, and in direction. this causes disruptions in the conduct of some physical processes, chemical reactions, and metabolism in living organisms. in these conditions organisms of different phylogenetic level change their metabolic reactions undergo changes such as disturbances in ionic exchange both in lower and in higher plants, changes in cell morphology for example, gyrosity in pr ... | 2001 | 11803963 |
| triticum aestivum l. endoxylanase inhibitor (taxi) consists of two inhibitors, taxi i and taxi ii, with different specificities. | the triticum aestivum l. endoxylanase inhibitor (taxi) discovered by debyser and delcour [(1997) eur. pat. filed april 1997, published as wo 98/49278] and debyser, derdelinckx and delcour [(1997) j. am. soc. brew. chem. 55, 153-156] seems to be a mixture of two different endoxylanase inhibitors, called taxi i and taxi ii. by using aspergillus niger as well as bacillus subtilis endoxylanases for assaying inhibition activity, both inhibitors could be purified to homogeneity from wheat (triticum ae ... | 2001 | 11139386 |
| genetic and physical mapping of lrk10-like receptor kinase sequences in hexaploid oat (avena sativa l.). | oat receptor-like kinase gene sequences, homologous to the lrk10 gene from wheat (triticum aestivum l.), were mapped in oat (avena sativa l.). pcr primers designed from the wheat lrk10 were used to produce alrk10 from oat. two dna sequences, alrk1a1 and alrk4a5, were produced from primers designed from coding and noncoding regions of alrk10. their use as rflp probes indicated that the kinase genes mapped to four loci on different hexaploid oat 'kanota' x 'ogle' linkage groups (4_12, 5, 6, and 13 ... | 2002 | 11908651 |
| identification of rapd markers tightly linked to wheat powdery mildew resistance gene pm6.l. | pm6 transferred from triticum timopheevii l. to common wheat, is an effective resistance gene to powdery mildew disease caused by erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici. the rapd technique, employing a total of 700 decamer primers, was used to identify polymorphic markers between resistant (igvi463) and susceptible (prins) near-isogenic lines. primer opv20 produced a 2,000 base pair (bp) reproducible fragment only in the resistant near-isogenic line. the 2,000-bp dna fragment was present in all other ... | 2000 | 11209699 |
| molecular characterization and chromosomal localization of cytochrome p450 genes involved in the biosynthesis of cyclic hydroxamic acids in hexaploid wheat. | the cyclic hydroxamic acids, 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (diboa) and 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (dimboa), are defensive secondary metabolites found in gramineous plants including wheat, maize and rye. cdnas for five cytochromes p450 (p450s) involved in diboa biosynthesis (cyp71c6, cyp71c7v2, cyp71c8v2, cyp71c9v1 and cyp71c9v2) were isolated from seedlings of hexaploid wheat [( triticum aestivum l. cv. chinese spring (2n=6x=42, genomes aabbdd)] by rt-pcr and screening of ... | 2002 | 11976964 |
| speciation of rare earth elements in soil and accumulation by wheat with rare earth fertilizer application. | a greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the accumulation of rare earth elements (rees), la, ce, pr and nd, in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and the speciation of these elements in soil following the application of ree-based fertilizers. improved crop yield was confirmed by the experiment. the accumulation behavior of la, ce, pr and nd in wheat varied depending on the concentration of ree fertilizer application, i.e. increased with increasing ree concentration at low fertilization ... | 2001 | 11291446 |
| abscisic acid- and cold-induced thaumatin-like protein in winter wheat has an antifungal activity against snow mould, microdochium nivale. | cold acclimation of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings induces accumulation in the apoplast of tatlps that are similar to thaumatin-like proteins (tlps), which are pathogenesis-related proteins. we characterized a cdna of was-3a encoding the major isoform of tatlps from winter wheat cells and showed that was-3a transcripts were markedly increased by treatment with aba and by treatment with elicitors (chitosan, beta-glucan and cell wall fractions of fusarium oxysporum and microdochium ... | 2002 | 12010473 |
| [the effect of the plasmon on the inheritance of resistance to septoria nodorum berk. in soft wheat]. | the genetic control of resistance to septoria nodorum in common wheat line transec have been investigated. there have been concluded that high level of resistance of this line is connected with the presence in its genome of partially recessive gene which is located on wheat-rye translocation t4bs.4bl-2rl or closely linked with it. plant plasmon can have an influence on inheritance of resistance to septoria blotch in hybrid progeny. | 2000 | 10920856 |
| glucosylation activity and complex formation of two classes of reversibly glycosylated polypeptides. | reversibly glycosylated polypeptides (rgps) have been implicated in polysaccharide biosynthesis. in plants, these proteins may function, for example, in cell wall synthesis and/or in synthesis of starch. we have isolated wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa) rgp cdna clones to study the function of rgps. sequence comparisons showed the existence of two classes of rgp proteins, designated rgp1 and rgp2. glucosylation activity of rgp1 and rgp2 from wheat and rice was studied. after sep ... | 2002 | 12011358 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of a cold-regulated phosphoethanolamine n-methyltransferase from wheat. | a cdna that encodes a methyltransferase (mt) was cloned from a cold-acclimated wheat (triticum aestivum) cdna library. molecular analysis indicated that the enzyme wpeamt (wheat phosphoethanolamine [p-ea] mt) is a bipartite protein with two separate sets of s-adenosyl-l-met-binding domains, one close to the n-terminal end and the second close to the c-terminal end. the recombinant protein was found to catalyze the three sequential methylations of p-ea to form phosphocholine, a key precursor for ... | 2002 | 12011366 |
| development of an efficient maintenance and screening system for large-insert genomic dna libraries of hexaploid wheat in a transformation-competent artificial chromosome (tac) vector. | three large-insert genomic dna libraries of common wheat, triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring, were constructed in a newly developed transformation-competent artificial chromosome (tac) vector, pyltac17, which accepts and maintains large genomic dna fragments stably in both escherichia coli and agrobacterium tumefaciens. the vector contains the cis sequence required for agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer into grasses. the average insert sizes of the three genomic libraries were approximately ... | 2000 | 10972894 |
| survival of potentially pathogenic human-associated bacteria in the rhizosphere of hydroponically grown wheat. | plants may serve as reservoirs for human-associated bacteria (h-ab) in long-term space missions containing bioregenerative life support systems. the current study examined the abilities of five human-associated potential pathogens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes and escherichia coli, to colonize and grow in the rhizosphere of hydroponically grown wheat, a candidate crop for life support. all of these bacteria have been recovered from pa ... | 1996 | 11539850 |
| extraction and use of nutrients from composted wheat and potato plants. | human survival on extended-duration space missions will require reliable regenerative life support systems. biological systems using higher plants could be incorporated into life support systems; however, substantial quantities of inedible crop residues will also be produced. composting can reduce the volume of crop residues and provide an end product that may be leached to remove soluble nutrients for use in hydroponic plant growth systems. solubilization can be affected by physical conditions; ... | 1999 | 11542243 |
| functional and comparative bioinformatic analysis of expressed genes from wheat spikes infected with fusarium graminearum. | fusarium head blight, caused by the fungus fusarium graminearum, is a major disease on wheat (triticum aestivum l.). expressed sequence tags (ests) were used to identify genes expressed during the wheat-f. graminearum interaction. we generated 4,838 ests from a cdna library prepared from spikes of the partially resistant cultivar sumai 3 infected with f. graminearum. these ests were composed of 2,831 singlet (single-copy transcripts) and 715 contigs (multiple-copy transcripts) for a total of 3,5 ... | 2002 | 12036275 |
| characterization of two hkt1 homologues from eucalyptus camaldulensis that display intrinsic osmosensing capability. | plants have multiple potassium (k(+)) uptake and efflux mechanisms that are expressed throughout plant tissues to fulfill different physiological functions. several different classes of k(+) channels and carriers have been identified at the molecular level in plants. k(+) transporters of the hkt1 superfamily have been cloned from wheat (triticum aestivum), arabidopsis, and eucalyptus camaldulensis. the functional characteristics as well as the primary structure of these transporters are diverse ... | 2001 | 11553756 |
| molecular and structural analyses of a novel temperature stress-induced lipocalin from wheat and arabidopsis. | two cdnas corresponding to a novel lipocalin were identified from wheat and arabidopsis. the two cdnas designated tatil for triticum aestivum l. temperature-induced lipocalin and attil for arabidopsis thaliana temperature-induced lipocalin encode polypeptides of 190 and 186 amino acids respectively. structure analyses indicated the presence of the three structurally conserved regions that characterize lipocalins. sequence analyses revealed that this novel class of plant lipocalin shares homology ... | 2002 | 12062422 |