| determination of corynebacterium diphtheriae toxigenicity by a colorimetric tissue culture assay. | chinese hamster ovary (cho) cell cultures in microtiter wells are sensitive to growth inhibition and killing by picogram quantities of diphtheria toxin. in the absence of biologically active toxin, the cho cell culture produces sufficient acidic metabolites to change the phenol red ph indicator from pink to yellow within 56 h. in the presence of 10 pg of toxin per well, growth inhibition can be observed microscopically within 24 h. diphtheria toxin can be qualitatively assayed from culture super ... | 1978 | 415068 |
| relationship between beta converting and gamma non-converting corynebacteriophage dna. | | 1978 | 415247 |
| mass spectrometry of acylated sugars as trimethylsilyl ether derivatives. a way for location of long chain fatty acyl groups. | the mass spectra of the trimethylsilyl ethers of the four positional isomers of methyl-o-palmitoyl-alpha-d-glucopyranoside have been studied, and the structures of the principal ions assigned by the use of exact mass measurements and deuterium labelling on the aliphatic chain, the trimethylsilyl group and the glucosidic methyl group. the origin of some fragments has been elucidated by analysis of reactions of metastable ions. the mass spectra of the different isomers exhibit major differences, w ... | 1978 | 415769 |
| the effect of corynebacterium parvum on the proliferation of monocyte precursors in the bone marrow of mice. | the anti-tumour activity of c. parvum is thought to be mediated via the monocyte/macrophage system (scott, 1974). these cells originate from rapidly dividing precursors in the bone marrow and it might be at this level that c. parvum exerts its action. to test this hypothesis bone marrow t0 swiss mice has been cultured according to the method of bradley and metcalf (1966), which gives an index of the number of proliferating macrophage precursor cells at the time of sacrifice. experiments were set ... | 1977 | 415919 |
| modified culture technique for corynebacterium diphtheriae isolation from desiccated swabs. | corynebacterium diphtheriae was isolated from pyoderma and ulcerative skin lesions with a modified delayed culture procedure as late as 9 weeks after field collection of silica gel-desiccated swabs. biotypes gravis and mitis were identified. most isolates were nontoxigenic. todd-hewitt broth enrichment enhanced recovery of c. diphtheriae by 70%. | 1978 | 416036 |
| pathogenesis of diphtheria carrier state from the immunological point of view. | results of a comparative investigation of diphtheria antitoxin and type-specific antibacterial antibodes in 264 carriers of diphtherial bacteria, 41 diphtheria patients and 263 non-infected subjects are presented. a high level of antitoxin did not prevent the development of toxigenic-strain carrier state. a basically similar immunological antibacterial response was observed in patients with manifest forms of diphtheria and in carriers of toxigenic strains; such a response could not as yet be det ... | 1977 | 417135 |
| [identification of corynebacterium diphtheriae by way of immunofluorescence (author's transl)]. | the immunofluorescence technique (if) will be demonstrated as a time-saving method for identifying corynebacterium diphtheriae. in three test-series the if-test was performed on 74 strains of c. diphtheriae which had been isolated in a small case of epidemic in gelsenkirchen, on 4 strains of diphtheroids and on some strains to be found in the nasopharynx. all of these strains had been taken from blood agar, 69 toxinogenic strains of c. diphtheriae showed a clear, plainly reproducible fluorescenc ... | 1978 | 418603 |
| studies on the inhibitory effects of zinc heptanoate on microorganisms. | inhibitory effect of zinc heptanoate was observed on different cultures of bacteria and fungi. growth of all the bacteria was inhibited by the compound. greatest inhibition was seen in the case of staphylococcus albus, streptococcus pyogenes, shigella dysenteriae, shigella sonnei, shigella flexneri, salmonella typhi, s. paratyphi a, s. paratyphi b, vibrio cholerae, corynebacterium diphtheriae, and e. coli whereas least inhibition was found in the case of staphylococcus aureus. in triethanolamine ... | 1979 | 553835 |
| interaction of toxin of corynebacterium diphtheriae with phagocytes from susceptible and resistant species. | the interaction of the toxin of corynebacterium diphtheriae with leukocytes from sensitive and resistant animal species was examined by determining the ability of toxin to inhibit protein synthesis by several types of phagocytic cell. small amounts of toxin (25 minimal lethal doses) impaired protein synthesis in both polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear cells from humans and guinea pigs, whereas large amounts (2,000 minimal lethal doses) were required for minimal inhibition of mouse phag ... | 1975 | 804024 |
| letter: clinical diphtheria from nontoxigenic corynebacterium? | | 1975 | 804026 |
| [action of decamethoxin on diphtherial exotoxin]. | the results of the study of the detoxicating effect of decamethoxin on diphtheria toxin are presented. it was noted that decamethoxin in subbacteriostatic concentrations inhibited the process of the toxin production in corynebacteria diphtheriae. the detoxicating effect of the drug was clearly evident when used in a concentration of 10gamma/ml at a 2-hour exposure. decamethoxin in a dose of 0.1 gamma/ml neutralized the effect of the diphtheria toxin on contact for 24 hours. | 1975 | 804292 |
| biologically active components from mycobacterial cell walls. iii. production of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in guinea-pigs. | the efficacy of various fractions of mycobacterial cell walls in producing experimental ahlergic encephalomyelitis (eae) has been evaluated. bcg (bacillus-calmette-buérin) cell walls were effective in producing eae in all animals at dose levels as low as 40 mug. study of subfractions of these cell walls revealed the following: (1) wax d was active, but required larger doses than bcg cell walls; (2) the chloroform-methanol-soluble (cms) portion of wax d and p3 (a mycolic acid-trehalose ester cont ... | 1975 | 804436 |
| new method for the large-scale preparation of diphtheria toxoid: purification of toxin. | diphtheria toxin of high purity was prepared in batch cultures of 1 to 40 liters by procedures capable of processing 200-liter batches without modification. the procedure incorporates preliminary purification of the growth medium and, after deep fermentation or sulfate culture of corynebacterium diphtheriae, both concentration and partial purification of the toxin by membrane ultrafiltration. final purification is achieved by sephadex g-100 gel filtration. purities of 2,000 to 2,500 flocculation ... | 1975 | 804848 |
| the role of cutaneous diphtheria infections in a diphtheria epidemic. | twenty-four people with diptheria and 48 carriers were found in an isolated, circumscribed, rural area during a one-month period. four patients had cutaneous lesions, which were similar to those of typical impetigo, form which corynebacterium diptheriae was isolated. these cases constituted an epidemiologic focus from which the other cases were infected. ten of 52 classroom contacts of two patients with skin infections harbored c. diphtheriae in the pharynx, while only eight of 132 classroom con ... | 1975 | 805182 |
| letter: diphtheria carriers. | | 1975 | 806244 |
| adjuvant activity of mycobacterial fractions. i. purification and in vivo adjuvant activity of cell wall skeletons of mycobacterium bovis bcg, nocardia asteroides 131 and corynebacterium diphtheriae pw8. | the adjuvant activity of cell wall skeletons (mycolic acid-arabino-galactan-mucopeptide, cws) prepared from the cells of mycobacteria, nocardia and corynebacteria was examined in vivo in mice and guinea pigs. the cell wall skeletons of mycobacterium bovis bcg (bcg-cws), nocardia asteroides 131 and corynebacterium diphtheriae pwc suspended in freund's incomplete adjuvant (fia) as water-in-oil emulsions showed potent adjuvant activity on the formation of circulating antibody and cell-mediated immu ... | 1975 | 807194 |
| skin infections and the epidemiology of diphtheria: acquisition and persistence of c diphtheriae infections. | acquisition and persistence of c. diphtheriae infections of skin lesions and of the respiratory tract were observed in households exposed to c. diphtheriae carriers in a community experiencing a diphtheria outbreak and in households in two communities free of the disease. acquisition of c. diphtheriae was more frequent in epidemic households, apparently due to a greater frequency of respiratory tract acquisition. skin lesion acquisition was constant in both situations. the pattern of persistence ... | 1975 | 808123 |
| evidence for an infectious etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. | | 1975 | 808992 |
| scabies and other skin diseases in pre-school children in ujamaa villages in tanzania. | a survey of skin diseases was carried out in pre-school children in five ujamaa villages in rufiji district and 532 children (5.3% of the total population) were screened. the results showed that scabies was the commonest skin problem affecting 31% of the children. primary pyoderma and fungal infections were relatively less common and accounted for 7.0 and 2.4% respectively. staphylococcus aureus, group a beta haemolytic streptococci and corynebacterium diphteriae were the commonest pathogeneic b ... | 1975 | 810929 |
| bacterial skin infections in preschool and school children in coastal tanzania. | in coastal tanzania, 1,855 preschool and school children were studied for pyoderma (superficial bacterial infections of the skin exclusive of secondarily infected scabies) and for scabies. the predisposing personal, socleoeconomic, and hygienic variables for both conditions were studied also. pyoderma lesions and some secondarily infected scabies were cultured aerobically for bacterial isolates and the predisposing factors were determined by interviews, home visits, and physical examinations. py ... | 1975 | 811175 |
| numerical analysis of the characteristics of corynebacterium diphtheriae strains isolated in victoria from 1962 to 1971. | a study of the incidence of diphtheria in the state of victoria, australia, was carried out. numerical analysis of the characteristics of 264 strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae isolated between 1962 and 1971 placed them into 18 varieties plus six strains which were unique in their combination of reactions to the characteristics examined. during the 10-year period, some varieties appeared intermittently and were recognized by certain defining characteristics but exhibited a gradual change in ... | 1975 | 811707 |
| adjuvant activity of mycobacterial fractions. iii. adjuvant effect of cell wall of mycobacterium bovis bcg on cell-mediated cytotoxicity in mice. | a quantitative assay and characterization of oil-attached cell wall of mycobacterium bovis bcg (bcg-cws) which stimulates cell-mediated immunity of spleen cells to alloantigens in mice were carried out by an in vitro cell-mediated cytotoxicity test using 51cr-labeled target cells. c57bl/6j mice (h-2b) were immunized intraperitoneally with mastocytoma cells (h-2d) with or without oil-attached bcg-cws. the cytotoxicity, comparable to that of spleen cells from mice immunized with mastocytoma cells ... | 1975 | 811834 |
| [pathogenetic aspects of the "healthy" diphtheria bacteria carrier state]. | | 1975 | 812302 |
| [patterns of antimicrobial immunity in carriers of toxigenic diphtheria bacteria]. | it was shown in the passive hemagglutination test (phat) with a type-specific somatic antigen on 147 carriers of toxigenic diphtheria bacilli that the phat titres of 1/80 and over were determined in 64% of bacteria. in the process of carrier state of toxigenic bacteria antimicrobial antibodies were detected in 79% of the children; after the release from the carrier state, the percentage was from 57 to 26, depending on the time lapse after it. among the carriers of nontoxigenic diphtheria bacilli ... | 1975 | 812306 |
| [study of the reasons for a decrease in the inoculability of diphtheria bacteria]. | it was shown that the seeding efficacy of diphtheria bacilli depended not only on the state of the epidemic process, but also on the correct methodical approach to the examination. a combination of the qualitative and epidemiological choice of the groups of population for bacteriological examination with the use of blood tellurite media permitted to increase the efficacy of investigations, with a considerable reduction of the number of analyses. | 1975 | 812307 |
| [enzymatic properties of neuraminidase from corynebacterium diptherial]. | enzymatic properties of neuraminidase isolated from non-toxigenic strain c7 of diphteritic bacteria are studied. the enzyme has the ph optimum 5.5--6.0 in acetate buffer and the temperature optimum 38 degrees c. neuraminidase has the highest substrate affinity to glycoproteins of equine blood serum, the lowest affinity--to 3-n-acetylneuraminosyllactose and ovomucin. the km values was 4.3-10(-4) at optimal conditions under the hydrolysis of 3-n-acetylneuraminosyllactose, vm was 0.05+/-0.02 mum na ... | 1975 | 812557 |
| [antibacterial activity of a lysozyme-like enzyme from staphylococci]. | a lysozyme-like enzyme isolated from the culture broth of staph. aureus 712 presented in its native state a lipoproteid complex. the lytic and antibacterial spectrum of the enzyme was similar to that of the egg albumin enzyme. however, the lipoproteid complex was somewhat superior to the egg albumin complex in its activity against micrococcus lysodeikticus, a number of gramnegative bacteria and staphylococci. out of the organisms studied microccus lysodeikticus, sarcina and bac. subtilis proved ... | 1975 | 813563 |
| [use of the corycin test and of bacteriophage typing for genetic marking of corynebacteria with reference to c. diphtheriae of the gravis type]. | nontoxigenic c. diphtheria, fermenting starch, of convertible phage types abcdfch, abcdfg, abcdf, abcd, abd, acdf, cdf, af and a, and also strains of nonconvertible bacteriophage types i, h and k proved to be noncoricynogenic in the corycine test and weakly sensitive to bacteriocin of the no. 3463 test strain (a study was made of a total of 502 strains). strains (383) isolated from 354 patients and carriers--starch-fermenting and toxigenic to the gravis type--were toxigenic were lysed by a combi ... | 1975 | 814754 |
| [the effect of neuraminidase of c. diphtheriae on the functional capacity of the peritoneal exudate cells of guinea pigs to diphtheria bacilli]. | a study was made of the effect of neuraminidase preparation containing no diphtheria toxin admixtures and hyaluronidase on the phagocytic activity of macrophages. neuraminidase produced a stimulating effect on the cells of the developing macrophage culture. the macrophages treated with the enzyme increased their capacity to digestion of nontoxigenic diphtheria bacilli. | 1975 | 814758 |
| isolation and partial characterization of a corynebacteriophage beta, tox operator constitutive-like mutant lysogen of corynebacterium diphtheriae. | we have isolated and partially characterized a beta-phage mutant lysogen of corynebacterium diphtheriae, c7(betatoxct1+), which is partially insensitive to iron inhibition of diphtheria toxin production. tox expression by c7(betatoxct1+) was found to be partially constitutive. in the presence of concentrations of iron that almost completely inhibit the expression of diphtheria toxin by the wild type, c7(beta), the level of toxin production by c7(betatoxct1+) was found to be at least 25 times tha ... | 1976 | 815566 |
| [the antibacterial effect of organs and tissues of hyalomma dromedarii, hyalomma anatolicum and ixodes persulcatus ticks]. | | 1975 | 815775 |
| studies on diphtheria in bombay. | | 1975 | 815957 |
| iron and diphtheria toxin production. | | 1975 | 815958 |
| level of redox potential as a possible contributing influence in the pathogenicity of oral anaerobes. | dental plaque anaerobes may be associated with the etiology of periodontal disease. this has created an interest in the potential pathogenicity of oral anaerobes. we compared the metabolic activity of anaerobic corynebacteria (c. parvum, c. anaerobium) and corresponding aerobic species (c. diphtheriae, c. xerosis). the anaerobes exhibited lower levels of rna synthesis, ranging from 5 to 10 fold over the aerobes. we further examined these anaerobes, plus actinomyces naeslundi n16 (isolated from t ... | 1975 | 816253 |
| studies on diphtheria infection in and around delhi (a bacteriological study from faucial and cutaneous lesions). | | 1975 | 816969 |
| [microbiological characteristics and sensitivity to antibiotics of decamethoxin-resistant diphtheric bacilli]. | biological properties and sensitivity of 6 corynebacteria strains to 9 antibiotics were studied in vitro. the rate of the development of resistance to neomycin, levomycetin, decamine and decamethoxin in the diphtheria causative agents was determined. biological properties of the decamethoxin resistant variants of the diphtheria causative agents were investigated: 100 passages on media with increasing amounts of the drug. the rate of the development of resistance to decamethoxin was slower than t ... | 1975 | 817649 |
| mitogenicity of corynebacterium parvum for mouse lymphocytes. | corynebacterium parvum, a powerful in vivo immunostimulant, is shown to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. c. parvum is mitogenic for b lymphocytes and does not stimulate t cells. the mitogenicity is dependent on the presence of macrophages. c. diphtheriae and another strain of c. parvum, both of which are devoid of adjuvant, res stimulation, and tumour-inhibiting activities in vivo are nevertheless mitogenic. a lipid-free fraction from c. parvum, which retains in vivo immunostimulator ... | 1975 | 817854 |
| antimicrobial activity of econazole and miconazole in vitro and in experimental candidiasis and aspergillosis. | the antibacterial and antimycotic activity of econazole base, an imidazole derivative, was examined in vitro and in experimental infections of mice. comparative minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) determinations indicate econazole as well as miconazole to be of moderate activity against gram-positive bacteria (mics: 0.78-25mug/ml) and yeasts (mics: 1.56-25 mug/ml). against filamentous fungi, econazole exhibits better in vitro activity than miconazole and - with the exception of rhizopus oryza ... | 1976 | 817875 |
| proceedings: taxonomy of aerobic cutaneous diphtheroids. | | 1976 | 819023 |
| [new fluorescent microscopical technique in diagnostic microbiology (author's transl)]. | the practicability of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (dapi) in the fluorescent microscopical demonstration of bacterial and other cellular structures for medical diagnostic purposes was investigated. polar bodies in diphtheria bacilli and spores of spore-forming bacteria showed up well. the demonstration of phagocytosed bacteria in urinary sediment and the morphology of human spermatozoa are particularly impressive. noteworthy advantages of dapi are its stability (no bleaching of stained preparat ... | 1976 | 819241 |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae endocarditis. | two patients with corynebacterium diphtheriae endocarditis have been observed in the past ten years. both cases occurred sporadically. in one case toxigenic c. diphtheriae caused endocarditis in an immunized child with congenital heart disease. the second patient developed rapidly progressive valve destruction caused by a nontoxigenic strain of c. diphtheriae. these cases illustrate that c. diphtheriae may produce endocarditis in addition to its previously described diseases spectrum. | 1976 | 820199 |
| [studies on the frequency of corynebacterium diphtheriae carriers among students of the elementary schools in bari]. | the morbidity of diphtheria reported in bari in 1970 and in 1971 was 17.1 and 19.1 for 100000 inhabitants; in the same years the national average was respectively 1.6 and 1.3. in a epidemiological research carried out in the same period in 1017 school-children of bari not previously selected, 45 carriers of c. diphtheriae (4.42%) were identified. toxigen strains were isolated from 11 carriers (1.08%). the frequency of carriers was higher in the school-children 9-11 years aged (6-04%), lower in t ... | 1975 | 820281 |
| [studies on the diffusion of corynebacterium diphtheriae carriers in a children's community]. | during an epidemiological inquiry in a infantile community it was founded the 22.8% of 83 children was carrier of toxigen c. diphtheriae and two adults on 15 were carriers of non toxigen c. diphtheriae. the isolated species respectively from children and adults were of different phagic type. | 1975 | 820282 |
| characterization and genetic mapping of nontoxinogenic (tox) mutants of corynebacteriophage beta. | seven new nontoxinogenic (tox) mutants of corynebacteriophage beta were isolated. strains of cornyebacterium diphtheriae c 7 lysogenic for these tox mutants of beta were tested for their ability to produce extracellular diphtherial toxin or proteins (crms) that cross-react immunologically with toxin. by using a sensitive reversed passive hemagglutination assay for toxin antigen, three of the tox mutants were phenotypically crm+ and four were crm-. the molecular weights of the crms produced by mu ... | 1976 | 820871 |
| prophage map of converting corynebacteriophage beta. | a prophage map for corynebacteriophage beta consisting of seven markers has been constructed and compared with the vegetative map. the mapping system utilizes heteroimmune double lysogens and capitalizes on the fact that these double lysogens are very unstable and throw off monolysogenic segregants. the prophage map, produced by characterizing the recombinant phage in these monolysogenic segregants, appears to be a cyclic permutation of the vegetative map with the gene for toxin at one end of th ... | 1976 | 820872 |
| isolation and characterization of tox mutants of corynebacteriophage beta. | seventeen nontoxinogenic (tox) mutants of corynebacteriophage beta have been isolated by using a tissue culture screening technique. the mutants fall into four major classes. two of the classes, i and ii, appear to contain missense and nonsense mutants, respectively. however, classes iii and iv have not been previously described. class iii mutants produce two proteins (crms) seriologically related to diphtheria toxin, but efforts to demonstrate the presence of more than one tox gene have been su ... | 1976 | 820873 |
| orientation of the tox gene in the prophage of corynebacteriophage beta. | the orientation of the gene for diphtheria toxin, tox, in the prophage of converting corynebacteriophage beta has been determined. the orientation of tox in prophage and that reported simultaneously by holmes (1976) for vegetative phage are compatible with the hypothesis that beta phage is inserted into the chromosome of its bacterial host by means of a mechanism similar to that described for lambda phage, and that the phage attachment site lies between the tox and imm genes. the position of thr ... | 1976 | 820874 |
| diphtheroid endocarditis. report of nine cases and review of the literature. | diphtheroid endocarditis is a rare disease. a large proportion of the reported cases have occurred in the presence of prosthetic heart valves. nine previously unreported cases of diphtheroid endocarditis are discussed along with 25 others taken from the literature. eight out of the nine new cases occurred in patients with artificial heart valves. a high mortality was associated with infections occurring on prosthetic heart valves. microbiological studies were frequently hampered by poor in vitro ... | 1976 | 822234 |
| [contribution to the problem of circulation of diphtheric corynebacteria in the population of bratislava. i]. | | 1976 | 822919 |
| [contribution to the problem of circulation of diphtheric corynebacteria in the population of bratislava. ii. analysis of incidence of diphteric corynebacteria and results of the study concerning their circulation in selected collective establishments (author's transl)]. | | 1976 | 824032 |
| mitogenic activity of the cell walls of mycobacteria, nocardia, corynebacteria and anaerobic coryneforms. | the mitogenic activity of the cell walls prepared from mycobacterium bovis bcg, nocardia rubra, corynebacterium diphtheriae pw8, and four species of propionibacterium, corynebacterium parvum atcc 11829, propionibacterium acnes c7, propionibacterium granulosum atcc 25564 and propionibacterium avidum atcc 25577, were investigated. these cell walls were active as mitogens on normal spleen cells, anti-o sera-treated spleen cells, macrophage-depleted spleen cells of c57bl/6j mice and cortisone-treate ... | 1976 | 824484 |
| adjuvant activity of bacterial glycolipids. | | 1976 | 825676 |
| [surface structure of corynebacteria]. | | 1976 | 827168 |
| [comparative electron-microscopic study of 8 representatives of the genus corynebacterium grown on solid nutrient medium during the stationary phase of development]. | after 18 hours of growth on selective serum-agar medium c diphtheriae cultures with different toxicogenic activity, and also diphtheroid and hoffmann's baccillus cultures were removed, washed of the remnants of the nutrient medium and fixed under cold conditions by two combined methods (with glutaric aldehyde-osmic acid--uranyl acetate, and potassium permeanganate--uranyl acetate). the preparations were studied in ultrathin sections. it appeared that corynebacteria had during the stationary phas ... | 1976 | 827882 |
| a study of the isolation of corynebacterium diphtheria from clinical cases of diphtheria. | throat swabs from 1000 clinical cases of diphtheria were studied for isolation of c. diphtheria; only 21.4% were found to be positive. most of the cases were between 1 to 4 years of age followed by 5 to 8 years. no cases were found below 8 months of age. the throat swabs taken from another 22 clinical diphtheria patients were immediately cultured at patients bed side and 63.6% were found to be positive for c. diphtheria. time between the collection and plating the specimen was considered to be o ... | 1976 | 828854 |
| a comparative study of bacteriologically proved and clinically diagnosed (culture negative) cases of diphtheria. | | 1976 | 828918 |
| [biosynthesis and function of diphtheria toxin and its related proteins (author's transl)]. | | 1976 | 829169 |
| bacterial flora of the healthy skin in children. | the normal bacterial flora of the skin of 100 healthy children was studied in a paediatric practice with regard to the germ spectrum and the resistance constellation, by means of abrasion skin samples taken from the upper part of the back. staphylococcus albus was by far the most predominant bacteria, followed by sarcina bacteria and corynebacteria. the high degree of pervasion of this physiological cutaneous flora with antibiotic-resistant strains increases the suspicion that in the case of flo ... | 1976 | 829225 |
| [diphtheria epidemic occurring on the north shore of the st. lawrence river in the fall of 1974]. | an outbreak of diphtheria occurred on the north shore of the st. lawrence river at the beginning of september 1974. it started with the death of an 18-year-old forest worker sept. 5, spread over a vast area of the north shore and lasted until the end of october that year. eleven strains of toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae intermedium, type k were isolated. eleven of the 12 patients had characteristic diphtheritic pharyngitis with pseudomembranes. preventive measures, set forth immediately a ... | 1977 | 861886 |
| [determination of the intensity of antimicrobial immunity in diphtheria during an acute experiment]. | the authors elaborated a method of determination of the antimicrobial immunity intensity in diphtheria in an acute experiment: guinea pigs were infected with a virulent culture of corynebacterium diphtheriae grown on agar with iron in a concentration depressing the toxinogenesis. a temporary absence of the toxin formation permitted to evaluate the antibacterial immunity except the antitoxic one. guinea pigs preimmunized with somatic corynebacterium diphtheriae antigen or an immune antimicrobial ... | 1977 | 899456 |
| identification of producer and biological activities of new antibiotics, mimosamycin and chlorocarcins. | a strain of streptomyces, no. 314 identified as a streptomyces lavendulae produced under a novel condition of culture, four new antibiotics, mimosamycin and chlorocarcins a, b, and c. among the components of chlorocarcin complex, chlorocarcin a was found to be most biologically active. this antibiotic inhibited the growth of staphylococcus aureus fda 209p and corynebacterium diphtheriae at the concentrations of 0.1 and 0.003 mcg/ml, respectively. chlorocarcin a also exhibited antitumor activity ... | 1976 | 931810 |
| a diphtheria outbreak in dade county, florida. | during a 16-week period in late 1969, 11 cases of diphtheria (three fatal) were reported from miami, dade county, florida. for each of ten previous years, two cases at most had been reported. all patients resided in a predominantly black, low socioeconomic community within the 7-square-mile model city area. nine patients had positive cultures for toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae, mitis strain. none of the 11 patients or 22 culture-positive household contacts had been vaccinated against diph ... | 1976 | 935909 |
| genetic basis of toxin production and pathogenesis in vibrio cholerae: evidence against phage conversion. | the pathogenicity of vibrio cholerae strains "cured" of "kappa-type" phage was not significantly altered relative to that of their "kappa" lysogenic parental strains. unlike corynebacterium diphtheriae, the capacity of v. cholerae to produce exotoxin was not stimulated as a consequence of active phage multiplication. toxin production in cultures in which kappa-type phage multiplication was initiated either by inducing kappa lysogens or by infecting naturally occurring or "cured" kappa-sensitive ... | 1975 | 1090531 |
| production and characterization of exotoxin(s) of shigella dysenteriae type 1. | a semicontinuous fermenter system was developed in which broth culture filtrates of shigella dysenteriae type 1 yielded substantial amounts of exotoxin. biologic activity of the exotoxin was characterized by means of three assays: the rabbit ileal loop for fluid evocation (enterotoxicity), mouse lethality after parenteral injection (neurotoxicity), and hela cell toxicity in vitro (cytotoxicity). although the culture filtrate was highly active, disc electrophoresis revealed that the toxin is a mi ... | 1975 | 1092769 |
| bacterial interference by streptococcus salivarius. | a strain of streptococcus salivarius, recognized in a throat culture because of its inhibition of the growth of a species of corynebacterium, was studied in vitro to determine its antagonistic effects agains various other bacteria. it was found to be inhibitory to anaerobic gram-positive cocci, streptococci belonging to lancefields groups a, c, f, and g, and corynebacterium diphtheriae, c. hofmanii, and c. xerosis. | 1975 | 1155368 |
| immunoadjuvant activities of cell walls and their water-soluble fractions prepared from various gram-positive bacteria. | the cell walls from all 21 species of gram-positive bacteria examined, except lysozyme-susceptible micrococcus lysodeikticus (nctc 2665) and lysozyme-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis (atcc 155), were found to be definitely adjuvant-active in both stimulation of increased serum antibody levels and induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to ovalbumin when administered to guinea-pigs as water-in-oil emulsions. using various cell wall lytic enzymes, the immunoadjuvant principles were solubili ... | 1975 | 1180872 |
| current status of passive immunity to diphtheria and tetanus in the newborn. | the extent of transplacentally derived immunity to the toxins of corynebacterium diphtheriae and clostridium tetani was assessed by a hemagglutination technique using the cord sera of a group of infants recently born in bronx, new york. protective levels of antitoxin to c. diphtheriae were found in 64% of the infants. tetanus antitoxin was present in sufficient quantity for protection in 38% of the cord sera. while this degree of immunity reepresents an improvement over that achieved 20 years ag ... | 1976 | 1245766 |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae, skin ulcers and travel abroad. | | 1992 | 1285147 |
| non-toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae var gravis. | | 1992 | 1285166 |
| a case of cutaneous diphtheria. | | 1992 | 1285171 |
| [the efficacy of the adtp-vaccine immunization of children with different courses of the vaccinal period]. | | 1992 | 1291954 |
| [cutaneous diphtheria in a patient with hiv infection]. | | 1992 | 1301708 |
| [surveillance of adverse effects following immunization (aefi)]. | the meeting of working group on adverse events following immunization (aefi) was organized in paris on february 5-6-7 1992. reporting and surveillance of aefi in the european countries was advised to be introduced in each country as the part of monitoring system in this matter. channels for reporting system of aefi should be similar to channels for reporting system of communicable diseases or to system of events following drugs. reporting and surveillance system of aefi in poland as well as prop ... | 1992 | 1335588 |
| immunogenicity of combined diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine given at 2, 3, and 4 months versus 3, 5, and 9 months of age. | in the uk an accelerated schedule for immunisation against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (injections at 2, 3, and 4 months of age) was introduced in 1990 to replace the more widely spaced schedule of 3, 5, and 9 months. there is concern, however, that the new schedule may be less immunogenic and therefore less protective than the old schedule. we have measured serum concentrations of antibodies against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus in infants immunised according to the two regimens. bo ... | 1992 | 1346876 |
| unusual non-toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae in homosexual men. | | 1992 | 1348837 |
| invasive infection with non-toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae among drug users. | | 1992 | 1350021 |
| toxigenic diphtheria in two isolated northern communities. | | 1991 | 1365150 |
| [cytopathogenic effect of diphtheria exotoxin in cultured chick embryo fibroblasts]. | one hundred fifty strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae were studied from patients with symptoms of diphtheria and from healthy persons. 136 strains (90.67%) belonged to the mitis biotype, 12 (8.0%) and 2 (1.33%) to gravis and intermedius biotypes respectively. toxigenicity was determined by traditional in vivo methods with rabbits and plaque immunodiffusion in kl-virulence medium. from the 136 mitis biotype strains studied, 130 (95.58%) showed positive toxigenicity by both methods and 11 strai ... | 1992 | 1391077 |
| molecular epidemiology of nasopharyngeal corynebacteria in healthy adults from an area where diphtheria vaccination has been extensively practiced. | in addition to conventional biochemical tests, a dna probe specific for corynebacterium diphtheriae was used to characterize 53 cystinase-positive and urease-negative corynebacteria strains isolated from pharyngeal and nasal swabs obtained from 515 healthy adults living in an urban area of central italy. no corynebacterium diphtheriae strain was found. six "atypical" strains were isolated, which could not be classified in any of the species so far defined in the corynebacterium genus. these stra ... | 1992 | 1397226 |
| binding of the metalloregulatory protein dtxr to the diphtheria tox operator requires a divalent heavy metal ion and protects the palindromic sequence from dnase i digestion. | transcription of the corynebacteriophage diphtheria tox operon has been shown to be regulated through a corynebacterial determined factor dtxr. the dtxr gene has been recently cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and shown to regulate the expression of beta-galactosidase expression from a diphtheria tox promoter/operator-lacz transcriptional fusion. tao et al. (tao, x., boyd, j., and murphy, j. r. (1992) proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 89, 5897-5901) have recently shown by gel mobility shift ... | 1992 | 1400485 |
| fatal septicemia due to a toxigenic strain of corynebacterium diphtheriae subspecies mitis. | | 1992 | 1425741 |
| controlled study of a new five-component acellular pertussis vaccine in adults and young children. | a new five-component acellular pertussis (ap) vaccine containing 10 micrograms of pertussis toxoid, 5 micrograms of filamentous hemagglutinin, 5 micrograms of combined agglutinogens 2 and 3, and 3 micrograms of pertactin was evaluated in adults and young children. ap vaccine was compared with saline placebo in 31 adults, and ap vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (adtp) was compared with whole cell dtp in 41 children, ages 16-20 months, who had received whole cell dtp during inf ... | 1992 | 1431261 |
| immunological response to diphtheria/tetanus vaccine in schistosomiasis mansoni patients. | the cellular and humoral immune responses of patients with s. mansoni infection were evaluated before and one month after each of two intramuscular doses of diphtheria/tetanus toxoid vaccine. patients were divided into "responder" and "non-responder" groups based on anti-tetanus toxoid (anti-tt) igg levels after vaccination. the specific anti-tt igg1 response of the responder group was predominantly in the igg, subclass. the lymphoproliferative response to pha was also significantly higher in th ... | 1992 | 1431294 |
| screening for corynebacterium diphtheriae. | a throat swab from a 9 year old girl with pharyngitis yielded a non-toxigenic strain of corynebacterium diphtheriae var mitis and streptococcus group g. c pseudodiphtheriticum was isolated from the throats of two of her four brothers. in each case the isolate was sent to the reference laboratory before full identification. the growth was found to be mixed for one brother; the other isolate being a toxin producing c diphtheriae var gravis. the child was asymptomatic and the case proves that all c ... | 1992 | 1452782 |
| transcription analysis and nucleotide sequence of tox promoter/operator mutants of corynebacteriophage beta. | the production of diphtheria toxin (dt) by corynebacterium diphtheriae c7 (beta) is transcriptionally regulated by the iron-dependent diphtheria toxin repressor, dtxr. transcription of the tox gene was studied in wild-type c. diphtheriae c7 (beta) and in lysogens carrying mutants of beta that determine insensitivity to inhibition of dt production by iron. under low iron conditions in all strains, tox-specific mrna appeared and dt production began during late-log phase, and they increased to maxi ... | 1992 | 1453929 |
| [the use of samples of capillary blood absorbed on paper filters for evaluating the levels of antidiphtheria and antitetanus immunity in seroepidemiological surveillance]. | | 1992 | 1472782 |
| diphtheria: another risk of travel. | a 19-year-old woman presented with cellulitis of her foot 10 days after returning from bali. swabs of a central necrotic area grew toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae biotype gravis. the patient was treated with parenteral penicillin and made a complete recovery. diphtheria immunisation should be regularly updated for travellers to the tropics. clinical and laboratory recognition of this infection is essential for appropriate public health measures to be undertaken. | 1992 | 1474268 |
| [the characteristics of population immunity to measles and diphtheria in adolescent collectives]. | population immunity to measles and diphtheria was evaluated among adolescents of a professional-technical school. low indices of immunity were found. there was a clear difference in the number of girls and boys with antibody titers to measles virus and diphtheria anatoxin (dilution 1:40) as well as in the number of non-immune to diphtheria. a clear increase of the number of students with protective titers by the end of the school year evidences presence of latent epidemic process of measles and ... | 1992 | 1475928 |
| molecular weight determination of methyl esters of mycolic acids using thermospray mass spectrometry. | methyl esters of normal fatty acids, corynomycolate and corynomycolenate were used as model compounds for thermospray mass spectrometric procedures for molecular weight determination of the related nocardial mycolic acids. by using ammonium acetate at the positive ion generator, in both cases, a family of ions was produced. the following members were found and corresponded to the adducts: (1) m + h; m + nh4 and m + h + nh4 for methyl esters of normal fatty acids, whereas m + h, m + 2h and m + h ... | 1992 | 1486659 |
| a rapid, simple method for detecting pcr failure. | | 1992 | 1490181 |
| antibacterial spectrum of lactoferricin b, a potent bactericidal peptide derived from the n-terminal region of bovine lactoferrin. | a physiologically diverse range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was found to be susceptible to inhibition and inactivation by lactoferricin b, a peptide produced by gastric pepsin digestion of bovine lactoferrin. the list of susceptible organisms includes escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus vulgaris, yersinia enterocolitica, pseudomonas aeruginosa, campylobacter jejuni, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus mutans, corynebacterium diphtheriae, list ... | 1992 | 1490908 |
| characterization of antibiotic-resistant corynebacterium striatum strains. | antibiotic-resistant corynebacterium strains were isolated from 14 harborview and one veterans administration hospital patients in seattle during the period 1987-90. these clindamycin-erythromycin resistant strains were shown to hybridize with the ermcd gene, which was cloned from a corynebacterium diphtheriae plasmid and encodes for a rrna methylase. thirteen of these strains also hybridized with the tetm gene probes, and were tetracycline resistant. the ermcd gene could be transferred, by conj ... | 1992 | 1490919 |
| [corynebacterium diphtheriae septicemia in a child with congenital cardiopathy]. | | 1992 | 1492087 |
| purification and characterization of the diphtheria toxin repressor. | the diphtheria toxin repressor gene (dtxr) encodes a protein (dtxr) that regulates transcription of the diphtheria toxin gene (tox) by an iron-dependent mechanism. cloned dtxr was expressed in escherichia coli from the phage t7 gene 10 promoter, and dtxr was purified. specific binding of dtxr to the tox+ operator was dependent on reduction of dtxr and the presence of ferrous ions. dtxr protected a sequence of approximately 30 nucleotide pairs, partially overlapping the tox promoter and containin ... | 1992 | 1502169 |
| [diphtheria immunity in school beginners and after reimmunization with d-vaccine]. | the antitoxin immune status against diphtheria was determined in 814 children, aged 6-7 years, 5-6 years after first immunization. all children were then re-immunized with d-vaccine. 4-8 weeks later antitoxin was again measured to assess the immunogenic effect of the booster injection (reduced toxoid dosage of 5 iu/0.5 ml). although all children had been completely immunized as infants, 149 of them (18.3%) presented inadequate or no immunity to diphtheria. the booster injection resulted in a rel ... | 1992 | 1505351 |
| selection for immune response in goats: the effect of immunization procedure on antibody response to diphtheria toxoid and human serum albumin. | the serum antibody titers to diphtheria toxoid and human serum albumin were determined in 103 goat kids from lines selected for 12 yr for high or low antibody response to diphtheria toxoid. in the 12th yr, six groups of kids were immunized with different preparations of the antigens. in all groups but one, the antigens were emulsified in freund's incomplete adjuvant with added sonicated mycobacterium paratuberculosis. the groups received the following treatments: group 1 was immunized with both ... | 1992 | 1526911 |
| [study on immune persistency of combined diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (dpt) triple vaccine]. | immune efficacy and persistency were studied by comparison of two-dose immunization of adsorbed dpt at one and two month interval and two & three dose immunization of unadsorbed dpt during 1970s and 1980s. serological investigation showed that antibody response to diphtheria, tetanus were elicited in four groups of children after primary immunization, but, the antibody response to pertussis was poor in children immunized with unadsorbed dpt. three kinds of antibody titres were increased signific ... | 1992 | 1581951 |
| the study of agglutination of trypsin-treated sheep red cells by corynebacterium diphtheriae strains. | 620 corynebacterium diphtheriae strains from 472 sick and healthy persons were studied for their adhesive activity (aa) in direct agglutination of trypsin-treated sheep erythrocytes. toxigenic strains had more active aa than non-toxigenic ones which was not dependent on the presence of toxin in the culture. neither biotype nor serotype of the strains correlated with their aa. several lysotypes among toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains were more active than others. toxigenic strains from patients ... | 1992 | 1599709 |
| clinical reactions and immunogenicity of the biken acellular diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine in 4- through 6-year-old us children. | objective--to compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine with a whole-cell diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine (w-dtp) when administered as a booster to children 4 through 6 years of age. design--this was a randomized, double-blind study. setting--children in this study were from three general pediatric practices (two were private, one was university-affiliated). participants--three hundred and sixteen 4- through 6-year-old child ... | 1992 | 1621656 |
| diphtheria toxin and pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin a: active-site structure and enzymic mechanism. | | 1992 | 1628498 |