| human coronavirus 229e remains infectious on common touch surface materials. | the evolution of new and reemerging historic virulent strains of respiratory viruses from animal reservoirs is a significant threat to human health. inefficient human-to-human transmission of zoonotic strains may initially limit the spread of transmission, but an infection may be contracted by touching contaminated surfaces. enveloped viruses are often susceptible to environmental stresses, but the human coronaviruses responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) and middle east respi ... | 2015 | 26556276 |
| evidence for an ancestral association of human coronavirus 229e with bats. | we previously showed that close relatives of human coronavirus 229e (hcov-229e) exist in african bats. the small sample and limited genomic characterizations have prevented further analyses so far. here, we tested 2,087 fecal specimens from 11 bat species sampled in ghana for hcov-229e-related viruses by reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr). only hipposiderid bats tested positive. to compare the genetic diversity of bat viruses and hcov-229e, we tested historical isolates and diagnostic specimens ... | 2015 | 26378164 |
| screening of an fda-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture. | coronaviruses can cause respiratory and enteric disease in a wide variety of human and animal hosts. the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) first demonstrated the potentially lethal consequences of zoonotic coronavirus infections in humans. in 2012, a similar previously unknown coronavirus emerged, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), thus far causing over 650 laboratory-confirmed infections, with an unexplained steep rise in the number of cases being r ... | 2014 | 24841269 |
| tmprss2 activates the human coronavirus 229e for cathepsin-independent host cell entry and is expressed in viral target cells in the respiratory epithelium. | infection with human coronavirus 229e (hcov-229e) is associated with the common cold and may result in pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. the viral spike (s) protein is incorporated into the viral envelope and mediates infectious entry of hcov-229e into host cells, a process that depends on the activation of the s-protein by host cell proteases. however, the proteases responsible for hcov-229e activation are incompletely defined. here we show that the type ii transmembrane serine proteases ... | 2013 | 23536651 |
| host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals. | the majority of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, with viruses that originate in wild mammals of particular concern (for example, hiv, ebola and sars). understanding patterns of viral diversity in wildlife and determinants of successful cross-species transmission, or spillover, are therefore key goals for pandemic surveillance programs. however, few analytical tools exist to identify which host species are likely to harbour the next human virus, or which viruses can cross species ... | 2017 | 28636590 |
| neurological manifestations of covid-19 and other coronaviruses: a systematic review. | to describe the main neurological manifestations related to coronavirus infection in humans. | 2020 | 32834527 |
| do covid-19 and sars gene complexities and variations help overcome the knowledge gap? | a whole new pathogen, to which humans have virtually no pre-existing immunity, has caused fear all over the world. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars cov-2) is one of the types of human novel-coronavirus of the family coronavirus. the nature of transmission of the virus makes it one of the most infectious pathogenic diseases that has ever existed. though the human coronaviruses have existed since the discovery of the human coronavirus 229e (hcov-229e) and human coronavirus oc43 ... | 2020 | 32642354 |
| covid-19: precautionary guidelines for ophthalmologists. | several coronaviruses can infect humans, and the globally endemic human coronaviruses, hcov-229e (human coronavirus 229e), hcov-nl63 (human coronavirus nl63), and others, tend to cause mild respiratory diseases. the zoonotic middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type1 (sars-cov-1) have high fatality rates. in december 2019, the world health organization (who) was notified by chinese authorities about an outbreak of pneumonia bef ... | 2020 | 32607305 |
| recent discovery and development of inhibitors targeting coronaviruses. | human coronaviruses (covs) are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded rna genome. currently, six human covs have been reported including human coronavirus 229e (hcov-229e), oc43 (hcov-oc43), nl63 (hcov-nl63), hku1 (hcov-hku1), severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (sars-cov), and middleeast respiratory syndrome (mers) coronavirus (mers-cov). they cause moderate to severe respiratory and intestinal infections in humans. in this review, we focus on recent advances i ... | 2020 | 32006468 |