| corneal perforation requiring corneal grafting: a rare complication of gonococcal eye infection. | the authors present a case of severe gonococcal conjunctivitis associated with corneal perforation of the right eye in a 25-year-old homosexual man. inpatient management and corneal grafting were required. the authors demonstrate that neisseria gonorrhoea should be considered in the presence of purulent conjunctival discharge with a white patch on the cornea or reduced vision. regardless of whether a patient has genital symptoms, they should be referred urgently to an ophthalmologist to ensure a ... | 2010 | 20940157 |
| genotypes and antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes of neisseria gonorrhoeae in portugal (2004-2009). | to determine the antibiotic phenotype and mast-genotype distribution of neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in portugal between 2004 and 2009, and to evaluate specific associations between mast-genotypes and sexual orientation, age and antibiotic resistance. | 2010 | 20940158 |
| emergence, spread and characteristics of neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with in vitro decreased susceptibility and resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in sweden. | neisseria gonorrhoeae has developed resistance to most antimicrobials used for treatment. worryingly, treatment failures with oral extended-spectrum cephalosporins (escs) have been reported, especially in the who western pacific region, and susceptibility to all escs (oral and injectable), the last remaining treatment options in many settings, is decreasing globally. | 2010 | 20940159 |
| positive predictive value of the becton dickinson viper system and the probetec gc q x assay, in extracted mode, for detection of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | performance of the new becton dickinson probetec gc q(x) assay on the bd viper platform was evaluated to ascertain whether confirmatory testing is required in our clinical setting. | 2010 | 20940160 |
| culture confirmation of gonococcal infection by recall of subjects found to be positive by nucleic acid amplification tests in general practice. | to evaluate a routine notification of general practitioners to recall nucleic acid amplification test (naat)-positive subjects for culture of neisseria gonorrhoeae to confirm gonococcal infection in the community. | 2010 | 20940162 |
| alterations of the pilq gene in neisseria gonorrhoeae are unlikely contributors to decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime in clinical gonococcal strains. | gonorrhoea remains a global public health problem and the treatment options are diminishing through the emergence of gonococci resistant to most antimicrobials. previous in vitro studies have indicated a role for neisseria gonorrhoeae pilq alterations in conferring resistance to antimicrobials, including penicillin. in this study, we investigated whether pilq polymorphisms were associated with decreased susceptibility to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (escs) in clinical gonococcal strains. | 2010 | 20940180 |
| structure of the extracellular portion of cd46 provides insights into its interactions with complement proteins and pathogens. | the human membrane cofactor protein (mcp, cd46) is a central component of the innate immune system. cd46 protects autologous cells from complement attack by binding to complement proteins c3b and c4b and serving as a cofactor for their cleavage. recent data show that cd46 also plays a role in mediating acquired immune responses, and in triggering autophagy. in addition to these physiologic functions, a significant number of pathogens, including select adenoviruses, measles virus, human herpes vi ... | 2010 | 20941397 |
| monitoring antimicrobial susceptibility of neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from bangladesh during 1997-2006: emergence and pattern of drug-resistant isolates. | gonorrhoea is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (stis) in developing countries, and the emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents in neisseria gonorrhoeae is a major obstacle in the control of gonorrhoea. periodical monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility of n. gonorrhoeae is essential for the early detection of emergence of drug resistance. in total, 1,767 gonococcal strains isolated from males and females (general population and those with high-risk behaviour) fro ... | 2010 | 20941895 |
| [neisseria gonorrhoeae]. | | 2010 | 20942031 |
| the structure of the first representative of pfam family pf09836 reveals a two-domain organization and suggests involvement in transcriptional regulation. | proteins with the duf2063 domain constitute a new pfam family, pf09836. the crystal structure of a member of this family, ngo1945 from neisseria gonorrhoeae, has been determined and reveals that the n-terminal duf2063 domain is likely to be a dna-binding domain. in conjunction with the rest of the protein, ngo1945 is likely to be involved in transcriptional regulation, which is consistent with genomic neighborhood analysis. of the 216 currently known proteins that contain a duf2063 domain, the m ... | 2010 | 20944208 |
| toll-like receptor 2 induces mucosal homing receptor expression and iga production by human b cells. | there is a need for developing vaccines that elicit mucosal immunity. although oral or nasal vaccination methods would be ideal, current strategies have yielded mixed success. toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) ligands are effective adjuvants and are currently used in the haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine. induction of humoral immunity in the mucosa is critical for effective vaccination; thus, we sought to determine the effects of tlr2 ligands on human mucosal b cell differentiation. we demonstrate ... | 2010 | 20947433 |
| immunogenicity and safety of an investigational combined haemophilus influenzae type b-neisseria meningitidis serogroups c and y-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine. | neisseria meningitidis serogroups b, c, and y cause most meningococcal disease in industrialized countries. a haemophilus influenzae type b-meningococcal serogroups c and y-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (hibmency-tt) was evaluated. | 2011 | 20948453 |
| multicenter, open-label, randomized phase ii controlled trial of an investigational recombinant meningococcal serogroup b vaccine with and without outer membrane vesicles, administered in infancy. | in the absence of an efficacious broadly protective vaccine, serogroup b neisseria meningitidis (menb) is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis and septicemia in many industrialized countries. an investigational recombinant vaccine that contains 3 central proteins; neisserial adhesin a (nada), factor h binding protein (fhbp) and neisserial heparin binding antigen (nhba) has been developed. these antigens have been formulated with and without outer membrane vesicles (rmenb+omv and rmenb, resp ... | 2010 | 20954968 |
| effects of government registration on unprotected sex amongst female sex workers in tijuana; mexico. | sex work is partially regulated in tijuana, but little is known of its health effects. a recent behavioural intervention amongst female sex workers (fsws) decreased incidence of hiv/stis by 40%. we evaluated effects of sex worker regulation on condom use amongst fsws randomized to this intervention. | 2010 | 20956076 |
| meningococcal internalization into human endothelial and epithelial cells is triggered by the influx of extracellular l-glutamate via gltt l-glutamate abc transporter in neisseria meningitidis. | meningococcal internalization into human cells is likely to be a consequence of meningococcal adhesion to human epithelial and endothelial cells. here, we identified three transposon mutants of neisseria meningitidis that were primarily defective in the internalization of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hbmec), with insertions occurring in the gltt (a sodium-independent l-glutamate transporter) gene or its neighboring gene, nmb1964 (unknown function). nmb1964 was tentatively named g ... | 2010 | 20956569 |
| platelet factor 4 binds to bacteria-inducing antibodies cross-reacting with the major antigen in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. | a clinically important adverse drug reaction, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (hit), is induced by antibodies specific for complexes of the chemokine platelet factor 4 (pf4) and the polyanion heparin. even heparin-naive patients can generate anti-pf4/heparin igg as early as day 4 of heparin treatment, suggesting preimmunization by antigens mimicking pf4/heparin complexes. these antibodies probably result from bacterial infections, as (1) pf4 bound charge-dependently to various bacteria, (2) hum ... | 2010 | 20959601 |
| false-negative pcr result due to gene polymorphism: the example of neisseria meningitidis. | early treatment of meningococcal meningitis is mandatory but may negate the cerebrospinal fluid culture. etiological diagnosis then mainly relies on pcr. here, we report a case of false-negative results for real-time pcr for a neisseria meningitidis serogroup b isolate with a polymorphism in the ctra gene. | 2010 | 20962143 |
| qualitative and quantitative assessment of meningococcal antigens to evaluate the potential strain coverage of protein-based vaccines. | a unique multicomponent vaccine against serogroup b meningococci incorporates the novel genome-derived proteins fhbp, nhba, and nada that may vary in sequence and level of expression. measuring the effectiveness of such vaccines, using the accepted correlate of protection against invasive meningococcal disease, could require performing the serum bactericidal assay (sba) against many diverse strains for each geographic region. this approach is impractical, especially for infants, where serum volu ... | 2010 | 20962280 |
| a novel interpretation of structural dot plots of genomes derived from the analysis of two strains of neisseria meningitidis. | neisseria meningitidis is the agent of invasive meningococcal disease, including cerebral meningitis and septicemia. because the diseases caused by different clonal groups (sequence types) have their own epidemiological characteristics, it is important to understand the differences among the genomes of the n. meningitidis clonal groups. to this end, a novel interpretation of a structural dot plot of genomes was devised and applied; exact nucleotide matches between the genomes of n. meningitidis ... | 2010 | 20970744 |
| mapping of the neisseria meningitidis nada cell-binding site: relevance of predicted {alpha}-helices in the nh2-terminal and dimeric coiled-coil regions. | nada is a trimeric autotransporter protein of neisseria meningitidis belonging to the group of oligomeric coiled-coil adhesins. it is implicated in the colonization of the human upper respiratory tract by hypervirulent serogroup b n. meningitidis strains and is part of a multiantigen anti-serogroup b vaccine. structure prediction indicates that nada is made by a cooh-terminal membrane anchor (also necessary for autotranslocation to the bacterial surface), an intermediate elongated coiled-coil-ri ... | 2010 | 20971901 |
| lipoproteins of bacterial pathogens. | bacterial lipoproteins are a set of membrane proteins with many different functions. due to this broad-ranging functionality, these proteins have a considerable significance in many phenomena, from cellular physiology through cell division and virulence. here we give a general overview of lipoprotein biogenesis and highlight examples of the roles of lipoproteins in bacterial disease caused by a selection of medically relevant gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens: mycobacterium tuberculosis, ... | 2010 | 20974828 |
| peroxide stress elicits adaptive changes in bacterial metal ion homeostasis. | exposure to hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) and other reactive oxygen species is a universal feature of life in an aerobic environment. bacteria express enzymes to detoxify h(2)o(2) and to repair the resulting damage, and their synthesis is typically regulated by redox-sensing transcription factors. the best characterized bacterial peroxide-sensors are escherichia coli oxyr and bacillus subtilis perr. analysis of their regulons has revealed that, in addition to inducible detoxification enzymes, ada ... | 2011 | 20977351 |
| [culture-negative, purulent pericarditis.] | we report about a patient with purulent pericarditis due to neisseria meningitidis pretreated with antibiotics. clinical signs were suggestive of pericardial tamponade. cultures from blood and pericardial aspirate remained negative. broad-range polymerase chain reaction from pericardial fluid detected neisseria sp.. latex agglutination assay from pleural fluid showed positive reaction with meningococcal antigen serogroup c. meningococcal pericarditis without meningitis is a rare manifestation. n ... | 2010 | 20978733 |
| sensitivity of neisseria gonorrhoeae to streptomycin in vitro. | | 1946 | 20986966 |
| an unusual strain of neisseria isolated from the cervix uteri. | | 1946 | 20986968 |
| the gonococcus as a cause of puerperal infection. | | 1946 | 20987218 |
| non-specific genital infections; the isolation of organisms of the pleuropneumonia group from the genital tract and their relation to the gonococcus. | | 1946 | 20989320 |
| techniques accentuating efficiency and speed in gonococcus culture work. | | 1946 | 20992354 |
| comparative study of media for the primary isolation of the gonococcus. | | 1946 | 20992355 |
| the biotin requirements of neisseria sicca. | | 1946 | 20992394 |
| the persistence of the gonococcus in the female adnexa. | | 1946 | 20992585 |
| a refractory case of subacute bacterial endocarditis due to veillonella gazogenes clinically arrested by a combination of penicillin, sodium paraaminohippurate, and heparin. | | 1946 | 20996761 |
| gonococcus examinations; a comparison of slides, mailed slants and immediate plates. | | 1946 | 20999372 |
| p-aminobenzoic acid synthesis by neisseria gonorrhoeae in relation to clinical and cultural sulfonamide resistance. | | 1945 | 21003542 |
| adaptability of gonococcus to four bacteriostatic agents, sodium sulfathiazole, rivanol lactate, promin, and penicillin. | | 1945 | 21004069 |
| comparison of gonococcus cultures read at 24 and 48 hours. | | 1945 | 21005468 |
| studies on the action of penicillin; development of penicilli resistance by gonococcus. | | 1945 | 21010289 |
| the identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae by means of bacterial variation and the detection of small colony forms in clinical material. | | 1945 | 21012657 |
| on the amount of carbon dioxide supplied for the primary isolation of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | | 1945 | 21012658 |
| cocarboxylase as a growth factor for certain strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | | 1946 | 21015719 |
| a gonococcus culture outfit for specimens submitted by mail. | | 1946 | 21027305 |
| anti-bacterial activity of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: comparative in vitro study of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, mefloquine, and azithromycin. | intermittent preventive treatment of malaria with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp) is recommended for the prevention of malaria in pregnancy in sub-saharan africa. increasing drug resistance necessitates the urgent evaluation of alternative drugs. currently, the most promising candidates in clinical development are mefloquine and azithromycin. besides the anti-malarial activity, sp is also a potent antibiotic and incurs significant anti-microbial activity when given as iptp - though systematic cl ... | 2010 | 21029476 |
| [association of human papillomavirus infection with other microbial pathogens in gynecology]. | to investigate correlation between screening assay of human papillomavirus (hpv) and microbial pathogens in gynecology. | 2010 | 21029592 |
| phosphoryl moieties of lipid a from neisseria meningitidis and n. gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharides play an important role in activation of both myd88- and trif-dependent tlr4-md-2 signaling pathways. | we have previously shown that the lipooligosaccharide (los) from neisseria meningitidis and n. gonorrhoeae engages the tlr4-md-2 complex. in this study, we report that los from different meningococcal and gonococcal strains have different potencies to activate nf-κb through tlr4-md-2 and that the relative activation can be correlated with ion abundances in maldi-tof mass spectrometry that are indicative of the number of phosphoryl substituents on the lipid a (la) component of the los. the loss f ... | 2010 | 21037101 |
| effect of factor h-binding protein sequence variation on factor h binding and survival of neisseria meningitidis in human blood. | binding of the complement inhibitor factor h (fh) to the surface of neisseria meningitidis is critical for evasion of innate host defenses. the meningococcal vaccine candidate factor h-binding protein (fhbp) serves as an fh ligand. we prepared 16 recombinant fhbp natural sequence variants. by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the variants from a new zealand epidemic strain (fhbp id 14) and from an endemic united kingdom strain (id 15) showed 10-fold lower fh binding than a reference fhb ... | 2010 | 21041484 |
| the fbpabc operon is required for ton-independent utilization of xenosiderophores by neisseria gonorrhoeae strain fa19. | neisseria gonorrhoeae produces no known siderophores but can employ host-derived, iron-binding proteins, including transferrin and lactoferrin, as iron sources. given the propensity of this pathogen to hijack rather than synthesize iron-sequestering molecules, we hypothesized that the ability to use siderophores produced by other bacteria, or xenosiderophores, may also play a role in the survival of the gonococcus. among a panel of diverse siderophores, only the catecholate xenosiderophores ente ... | 2010 | 21041493 |
| male circumcision for hiv prevention: current research and programmatic issues. | randomized controlled trials in sub-saharan africa have shown that adult male circumcision reduces the risk of hiv acquisition in men by about 60%. in this article, we review recent data on the association of male circumcision and hiv/sexually transmitted infection in men and women. this includes a summary of data showing some evidence of an effect of male circumcision against genital ulcer disease, hsv-2 infection, human papillomavirus and trichomonas vaginalis, but not chlamydia trachomatis or ... | 2010 | 21042054 |
| plasmid-mediated penicillin and tetracycline resistance among neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in south africa: prevalence, detection and typing using a novel molecular assay. | background:: to detect and type plasmids responsible for penicillin and tetracycline resistance in neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates using a novel duplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay. methods:: a duplex pcr assay, to detect and type penicillinase-producing n. gonorrhoeae (ppng), and plasmid-mediated tetracycline resistant n. gonorrhoeae (trng), was developed on the basis of published single assays. gonococcal isolate surveillance project control strains were used in assay development and t ... | 2010 | 21042234 |
| n. meningitidis 1681 is a member of the fino family of rna chaperones. | the conjugative transfer of f-like plasmids between bacteria is regulated by the plasmid-encoded rna chaperone, fino, which facilitates sense - antisense rna interactions to regulate plasmid gene expression. fino was thought to adopt a unique structure, however many putative homologs have been identified in microbial genomes and are considered members of the fino_conjugation_repressor superfamily. we were interested in determining whether other members were also able to bind rna and promote dupl ... | 2010 | 21045552 |
| immunizations in adolescents--an update. | the past decade has brought a series of new vaccines targeted specifically to adolescents. recommended vaccinations for adolescents now offer protection against human papillomavirus, neisseria meningitidis, pertussis, and influenza. as the vaccine schedule is ever changing, it is critical that health care providers be up to date and implement current recommendations. in this article, we discuss the major vaccines targeted at adolescents, issues unique to vaccinating adolescents, and strategies f ... | 2010 | 21047023 |
| epithelial cell secretions from the human female reproductive tract inhibit sexually transmitted pathogens and candida albicans but not lactobacillus. | female reproductive tract (frt) epithelial cells protect against potential pathogens and sexually transmitted infections. the purpose of this study was to determine if epithelial cells from the upper frt secrete antimicrobials that inhibit reproductive tract pathogens that threaten women's health. apical secretions from primary cultures of fallopian tube, uterine, cervical, and ectocervical epithelial cells were incubated with neisseria gonorrhoeae, candida albicans (yeast and hyphal forms), hum ... | 2010 | 21048705 |
| obtaining valid laboratory data in clinical trials conducted in resource diverse settings: lessons learned from a microbicide phase iii clinical trial. | over the last decade several phase iii microbicides trials have been conducted in developing countries. however, laboratories in resource constrained settings do not always have the experience, infrastructure, and the capacity to deliver laboratory data meeting the high standards of clinical trials. this paper describes the design and outcomes of a laboratory quality assurance program which was implemented during a phase iii clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of the candidate microbicide cel ... | 2010 | 21048963 |
| the human host defense peptide ll-37 interacts with neisseria meningitidis capsular polysaccharides and inhibits inflammatory mediators release. | capsular polysaccharides (cps) are a major virulence factor in meningococcal infections and form the basis for serogroup designation and protective vaccines. our work has identified meningococcal cps as a pro-inflammatory ligand that functions through tlr2 and tlr4-md2-dependent activation. we hypothesized that human cationic host defense peptides interact with cps and influence its biologic activity. accordingly, the interaction of meningococcal cps with the human-derived cationic peptide ll-37 ... | 2010 | 21049021 |
| infectious disease immunohistochemistry in placentas from hiv-positive and hiv-negative patients. | abstract few studies have evaluated the infectious etiology of placental inflammation in hiv-positive patients. we examined a cohort of placentas from 73 hiv-positive and 41 hiv-negative patients to gain a better understanding of the spectrum of placental inflammatory lesions. bacterial and viral immunohistochemistry (ihc) was run on a subset of placentas (12 hiv-positive and 7 hiv-negative) with the greatest amount of inflammation. although few histologic differences were seen between the hiv-p ... | 2010 | 21054157 |
| the epidemiology of meningococcal disease in india. | to undertake a review of the literature on the epidemiology of meningococcal disease in india, with a view to informing future control policies. | 2010 | 21054695 |
| the c-terminal domain of the mutl homolog from neisseria gonorrhoeae forms an inverted homodimer. | the mismatch repair (mmr) pathway serves to maintain the integrity of the genome by removing mispaired bases from the newly synthesized strand. in e. coli, muts, mutl and muth coordinate to discriminate the daughter strand through a mechanism involving lack of methylation on the new strand. this facilitates the creation of a nick by muth in the daughter strand to initiate mismatch repair. many bacteria and eukaryotes, including humans, do not possess a homolog of muth. although the exact strateg ... | 2010 | 21060849 |
| chronic vaccination with a therapeutic egf-based cancer vaccine: a review of patients receiving long lasting treatment. | therapeutic vaccines continue to be one of the most active fields in cancer research. however, despite clear evidence of antitumor effect in laboratory animals, and despite the ability of current vaccine candidates to elicit tumor specific antibodies and t-cells in humans, objective responses in the clinical trials are rare. the role of therapeutic vaccines in advanced cancer patients, if any, would be to decrease the rate of disease progression and to increase survival and quality of life. due ... | 2011 | 21062240 |
| the role of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapa-1) in neisseria meningitidis adherence to human cells. | glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenases (gapdhs) are cytoplasmic glycolytic enzymes, which although lacking identifiable secretion signals, have also been found localized to the surface of several bacteria (and some eukaryotic organisms); where in some cases they have been shown to contribute to the colonization and invasion of host tissues. neisseria meningitidis is an obligate human nasopharyngeal commensal which can cause life-threatening infections including septicaemia and meningitis. n. ... | 2010 | 21062461 |
| [meningococcemia and meningitis due to neisseria meningitidis w135 developed in two cases vaccinated with bivalent (a/c) meningococcal vaccine.] | meningococcal infections may develop as episodic or endemic cases particularly among children attending day-care centers, boarding schools or among military personnel. bivalent (a/c) meningococcal vaccine is applied to all new military stuff since 1993 in turkey. in this report two cases of meningococcemia and meningitis, developed in two soldiers vaccinated with meningococcal vaccine, were presented. the first case was a 21 years old male patient who was admitted to the emergency service with t ... | 2010 | 21063998 |
| gram-positive characteristics of the neisseria. | | 1946 | 21064697 |
| clinical efficacy of the various drugs used in the treatment of gonorrhoeae. | gonorrhoea is a purulent inflammation of mucus membrane of the genital tract and is a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease (std) caused by the bacterium neisseria gonorrhoae. both men and women can be infected through a variety of sexual contact behaviours including vaginal, anal or oral intercourses. this comparative study was carried out in new gulail polyclinic jeddah, ksa from jan 2003 to march 2004 to find the clinical efficacy of ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and spectinomycin, the ... | 2009 | 21067018 |
| predominant porb1a and porb1b genotypes and correlation of gene mutations with drug resistance in neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in eastern china. | variations of porb1a and porb1b genes and their serotypes exist in neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from different geographical areas, and some site mutations in the porb1b gene correlate with drug resistance. | 2010 | 21067570 |
| invasive meningococcal disease caused by neisseria meningitidis strains expressing both serogroup y and w-135 antigenic specificities. | | 2010 | 21068280 |
| immediate and longer term immunogenicity of a single dose of the combined haemophilus influenzae type b-neisseria meningitidis serogroup c-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in primed toddlers 12 to 18 months of age. | hib-primed but menc-naive toddlers (n = 433) were randomized to receive 1 dose of hib-menc-tt or separate hib-tt and menc-crm197 vaccines. one month later, noninferiority was demonstrated for serum bactericidal anti-menc antibodies (rsba) and hib antipolyribosylribitol phosphate (prp) antibodies; >99% in both groups had rsba titer ≥ 8 or anti-prp concentration ≥ 0.15 μg/ml. after 12 months, rsba titer ≥ 8 persisted in 86.7% and 76.4%, and anti-prp concentration ≥ 0.15 μg/ml persisted in 98.8% an ... | 2011 | 21068692 |
| vaccine offers meningitis hope. | | 2010 | 21068797 |
| meningococcal carriage by age: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | neisseria meningitidis is an important cause of meningitis and septicaemia, but most infected individuals experience a period of asymptomatic carriage rather than disease. previous studies have shown that carriage rates vary by age and setting; however, few have assessed carriage across all ages. we aimed to estimate the age-specific prevalence of meningococcal carriage. | 2010 | 21075057 |
| atypical presentation of fatal meningococcemia: peritonitis and paradoxical centrifugal purpura fulminans of late onset. | | 2010 | 21075588 |
| xercd-mediated site-specific recombination leads to loss of the 57-kilobase gonococcal genetic island. | most strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae carry the 57-kb gonococcal genetic island (ggi), as do a few strains of neisseria meningitidis. the ggi is inserted into the chromosome at the dif site (difa) and is flanked by a partial repeat of the dif site (difb). since dif is a sequence recognized by the site-specific recombinases xerc and xerd and the ggi shows evidence of horizontal acquisition, we hypothesized that the ggi may be acquired or lost by xercd-mediated site-specific recombination. we show ... | 2010 | 21075927 |
| screening methods for chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in sexually transmitted infection clinics: what do patients prefer? | to meet the need for services at sexually transmitted infection (sti) clinics, self-obtained vaginal (sov) swabs or first-catch urine (fcu) samples collected at a clinic visit have been proposed as an alternative approach for chlamydia trachomatis (ct) and neisseria gonorrhoeae (gc) screening. the purpose of this clinic-based survey was to determine if non-invasive clinic-based sov swabs and fcu samples for ct and gc screening are acceptable replacements for a traditional provider visit. | 2010 | 21076139 |
| parapharyngeal cerebrospinal fluid collection: an unusual complication of temporal bone fracture. | we present an unusual case of parapharyngeal cerebrospinal fluid collection causing upper airway obstruction following a temporal bone fracture. | 2010 | 21078219 |
| real-time impedance analysis of host cell response to meningococcal infection. | measuring cell proliferation and cell death during bacterial infection involves performing end-point assays that represent the response at a single time point. a new technology from roche applied science and acea biosciences allows continuous monitoring of cells in real-time using specialized cell culture microplates containing micro-electrodes. the xcelligence system enables continuous measurement and quantification of cell adhesion, proliferation, spreading, cell death and detachment, thus cre ... | 2010 | 21078346 |
| synthesis of a single-molecule l-rhamnose-containing three-component vaccine and evaluation of antigenicity in the presence of anti-l-rhamnose antibodies. | carbohydrates are generally considered to be poorly immunogenic. therefore, new approaches for enhancing their immunogenicity are important for the development of carbohydrates as vaccine components. we hypothesized that conjugation of an l-rhamnose (rha) moiety to a carbohydrate antigen would enhance the antigenicity of the antigen in mice possessing anti-rha antibodies via an antibody-dependent antigen uptake mechanism. to explore this hypothesis, we synthesized a single-molecule three-compone ... | 2010 | 21080675 |
| comparative proteomic analysis of biofilm and planktonic cells of neisseria meningitidis. | neisseria meningitidis is a commensal of the human nasopharynx occasionally causing invasive disease. in vitro biofilms have been employed to model meningococcal carriage. a proteomic analysis of meningococcal biofilms was conducted and metabolic changes related to oxygen and nutrient limitation and upregulation of proteins involved in ros defense were observed. the upregulated mntc which protects against ros was shown to be required for meningococcal biofilm formation, but not for planktonic gr ... | 2010 | 21082762 |
| microbiota of deciduous endodontic infections analysed by mda and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization. | to evaluate the microbiota of endodontic infections in deciduous teeth by checkerboard dna-dna hybridization after uniform amplification of dna in samples by multiple displacement amplification (mda). | 2010 | 21083570 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | the prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae in the netherlands has increased in recent years. a multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (mlva) was developed to assess the molecular epidemiology of n. gonorrhoeae and to elucidate transmission networks in high-risk groups in amsterdam. the mlva was evaluated using 5 variable-number tandem repeat (vntr) loci with various degrees of polymorphism that were amplified in 2 multiplex pcrs and were then separated and sized on an automated seque ... | 2010 | 21084524 |
| young women engaged in sex work in phnom penh, cambodia, have high incidence of hiv and sexually transmitted infections, and amphetamine-type stimulant use: new challenges to hiv prevention and risk. | to estimate prevalence and incidence of hiv and sexually transmitted infections (sti) and associated risk factors among young women working as sex workers (sws) in phnom penh, cambodia. | 2011 | 21085056 |
| occupational transmission of neisseria meningitidis --- california, 2009. | neisseria meningitidis is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis and sepsis . the case-fatality rate for meningococcal disease is 10%--14%; survivors can experience brain damage, hearing loss, limb loss, and learning disabilities . on december 11, 2009, the california department of public health (cdph) initiated an investigation of two secondary cases of meningococcal disease in a police officer and a respiratory therapist following occupational contact with an unconscious adult. this report de ... | 2010 | 21085089 |
| visualisation and quantification of intracellular interactions of neisseria meningitidis and human α-actinin by confocal imaging. | the opc protein of neisseria meningitidis (nm, meningococcus) is a surface-expressed integral outer membrane protein, which can act as an adhesin and an effective invasin for human epithelial and endothelial cells. we have identified endothelial surface-located integrins as major receptors for opc, a process which requires opc to first bind to integrin ligands such as vitronectin and via these to the cell-expressed receptors(1). this process leads to bacterial invasion of endothelial cells(2). m ... | 2010 | 21085092 |
| prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis infection in men attending std clinics in brazil. | the study aimed to assess the prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis infections and identify demographic, behavioral and clinical factors correlated with such infections in men attending six sexually transmitted disease clinics in brazil. | 2010 | 21085857 |
| inhibition of adhesion of neisseria meningitidis to human epithelial cells by berry juice polyphenolic fractions. | the adhesion of pathogens to host tissues is the requirement for the initiation of the majority of infectious diseases. it was shown recently that the binding of neisseria meningitidis pili to immobilized human epithelial cells is inhibited by molecular size fractions (10-100 kda) of berry juices. additionally, the isolated meningococcal pili bound to polyphenolic fractions of berry juices. the present study investigated the antiadhesive effects of berry juice polyphenolics against living mening ... | 2010 | 21086548 |
| assessments of skin and tongue microcirculation reveals major changes in porcine sepsis. | to examine the relation between central hemodynamics, clinical severity and microvascular findings in tongue and skin during sepsis. | 2010 | 21087397 |
| neisseria meningitidis lipid a mutant lpss function as lps antagonists in humans by inhibiting tlr 4-dependent cytokine production. | lipopolysaccharide is a major constituent of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and important in the induction of pro-inflammatory responses. recently, novel lps species derived from neisseria meningitidis h44/76 by insertional inactivation of the lpxl1 and lpxl2 genes have been created with a lipid a portion consisting of five (penta-acylated lpxl1) or four (tetra-acylated lpxl2) fatty acids connected to the glucosamine backbone instead of six fatty acids in the wild-type lps. we show ... | 2010 | 21088052 |
| annual report of the australian meningococcal surveillance programme, 2009. | in 2009 there were 233 laboratory-confirmed cases of invasive meningococcal disease (imd) analysed by the national neisseria network, australia, a nationwide network of reference laboratories. one hundred and thirty-five isolates of neisseria meningitidis from invasive cases of meningococcal disease were available for which the phenotypes (serogroup, serotype and serosub-type) and/or genotype and antibiotic susceptibility were determined. an additional 98 cases were confirmed by non-culture-base ... | 2010 | 21090184 |
| penicillin-resistant neisseria meningitidis bacteraemia, kimberley region, march 2010. | a 4-year-old fully immunised male presented to a regional hospital in the west kimberley with fever and lethargy. blood cultures yielded serogroup b neisseria meningitidis, resistant to benzylpenicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) 1.0 mg/l). the patient was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone and made a complete recovery. although invasive n. meningitidis isolates with reduced penicillin susceptibility are not uncommon in australia, this is the first report of a benzylpenicillin-res ... | 2010 | 21090191 |
| independent evolution of the core and accessory gene sets in the genus neisseria: insights gained from the genome of neisseria lactamica isolate 020-06. | the genus neisseria contains two important yet very different pathogens, n. meningitidis and n. gonorrhoeae, in addition to non-pathogenic species, of which n. lactamica is the best characterized. genomic comparisons of these three bacteria will provide insights into the mechanisms and evolution of pathogenesis in this group of organisms, which are applicable to understanding these processes more generally. | 2010 | 21092259 |
| high prevalence of hiv-1, hiv-2 and other sexually transmitted infections among women attending two sexual health clinics in bissau, guinea-bissau, west africa. | the objective was to examine the prevalence of hiv-1, hiv-2 and 10 other sexually transmitted infections (stis), and to explore the relationship between hiv and those stis in women attending two sexual health clinics in bissau, guinea-bissau. in all, 711 women with urogenital problems were included. clinical examination was performed and hiv-1, hiv-2, human t-cell lymphotropic virus (htlv)-1, htlv-2 and syphilis were diagnosed by serology. trichomonas vaginalis was examined using wet mount micro ... | 2010 | 21097735 |
| molecular analysis of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from ontario, canada. | surveillance of gonococcal antimicrobial resistance and the molecular characterization of the mechanisms underlying these resistance phenotypes are essential in order to establish correct empirical therapies, as well as to describe the emergence of new mechanisms in local bacterial populations. to address these goals, 149 isolates were collected over a 1-month period (october-november 2008) at the ontario public health laboratory, toronto, canada, and susceptibility profiles (8 antibiotics) were ... | 2010 | 21098249 |
| home compared with clinic-based screening for sexually transmitted infections: a randomized controlled trial. | to determine whether home-based screening for sexually transmitted infections results in a higher sexually transmitted infection screening rate compared with clinic-based screening in participants using long-acting reversible contraception. | 2010 | 21099596 |
| rate of and risks for regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 in adolescents and young women. | to describe the natural history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) 2 in a prospective study of adolescents and young women, and to examine the behavioral and biologic factors associated with regression and progression. | 2010 | 21099605 |
| neisseria lactamica attenuates tlr-1/2-induced cytokine responses in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells using ppar-γ. | the upper respiratory tract commensal neisseria lactamica (nlac) induces protective humoral immunity against pathogenic nmen serogroup b (nmen), but whether it also affords anti-inflammatory mucosal protection, as reported for several gut commensals, has not been investigated. here we demonstrate for the first time that nlac weakly induces inflammatory responses compared with nmen in the nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line, detroit 562, and that nlac achieves this by attenuation of secretory cyt ... | 2011 | 21105983 |
| pathogen-host interactions in dictyostelium, legionella, mycobacterium and other pathogens. | dictyostelium discoideum is a haploid social soil amoeba that is an established host model for several human pathogens. the research areas presently pursued include the use of d. discoideum to identify genetic host factors determining the outcome of infections and the use as screening system for identifying bacterial virulence factors. here we report about the legionella pneumophila directed phagosome biogenesis and the cell-to-cell spread of mycobacterium species. moreover, we highlight recent ... | 2010 | 21109012 |
| a kinetic study of the cytokine/chemokines levels and disruption of blood-brain barrier in infant rats after pneumococcal meningitis. | bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges and subarachnoid space that occurs in response of bacteria. young children are particularly vulnerable to bacterial meningitis, two thirds of meningitis deaths in low-income countries occur among children under the age of fifteen. the main bacterial pathogens causing meningitis beyond the neonatal period are streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenza type b and neisseria meningitidis. therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the ... | 2010 | 21109308 |
| high level expression of a recombinant amylosucrase gene and selected properties of the enzyme. | two high-level heterologous expression systems for amylosucrase genes have been constructed. one depends on sigma-70 bacterial rna polymerase, the other on phage t7 rna polymerase. translational fusions were formed between slightly truncated versions of the gene from neisseria polysaccharea and sequences of expression vectors pqe-81l or pet33b(+), respectively. these constructs were introduced into different escherichia coli strains. the resulting recombinants yielded up to 170 mg of dissolved e ... | 2010 | 21113589 |
| [study of hypervirulent complexes of neisseria meningitidis by methods of molecular biology and possibility of their prevention in the czech republic by vaccination]. | a brief report is presented of the results of the project of the internal grant agency of the ministry of health of the czech republic that received the medical research award 2008 from the minister of health of the czech republic (http://www.mzcr.cz/odbornik/pages/816-udeleni-ceny-ministra-zdravotnictvi-pro-rok-2008.html). the science council of the internal grant agency of the ministry of health of the czech republic selected 5 award winners of 16 candidate projects recommended by the specialt ... | 2009 | 21114007 |
| prevalence and correlated factors of sexually transmitted diseases-chlamydia, neisseria, cytomegalovirus-in female rape victims. | introduction. prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) was not well known in female rape victims. aim. to assess the prevalence and correlated factors of stis-especially chlamydia trachomatis (ct), neisseria gonorrhea (ng), and cytomegalovirus (cmv) in female rape victims presenting to a dedicated regional referral center in south korea after settle down of intergrated service center for sexual abuse in study hospital. main outcome measures. positive polymerase chain reaction (pcr ... | 2010 | 21114765 |
| modeling pilus structures from sparse data. | bacterial type ii secretion systems (t2ss) and type iv pili (t4p) biogenesis machineries share the ability to assemble thin filaments from pilin protein subunits in the plasma membrane. here we describe in detail the calculation strategy that served to determine a detailed atomic model of the t2ss pilus from klebsiella oxytoca (campos et al., pnas 2010). the strategy is based on molecular modeling with generalized distance restraints and experimental validation (salt bridge charge inversion; dou ... | 2010 | 21115127 |
| opening of the outer membrane protein channel in tripartite efflux pumps is induced by interaction with the membrane fusion partner. | the multiple transferable resistance (mtr) pump, from neisseria gonorrhoeae, is typical of the specialized machinery used to translocate drugs across the inner and outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria. it consists of a tripartite complex composed of an inner-membrane transporter, mtrd, a periplasmic membrane fusion protein, mtrc, and an outer-membrane channel, mtre. we have expressed the components of the pump in escherichia coli and used the antibiotic vancomycin, which is too large to cro ... | 2010 | 21115481 |
| hospital surveillance of childhood bacterial meningitis in senegal and the introduction of haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine. | bacterial meningitis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children living in low-resource settings. pediatric bacterial meningitis cases < 5 years of age were identified through a regional hospital surveillance system for 3 years after introduction of routine immunization with haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) conjugate vaccine in senegal in july 2005. cases from the national pediatric hospital were also tracked from 2002 to 2008. the regional surveillance system recorded 1,711 ... | 2010 | 21118944 |
| immunisation of adolescents in the uk. | the recent introduction of routine immunisation against human papillomavirus (hpv) in adolescent girls in the uk has focused attention on the potential for immunisation in this age group. in this review the authors suggest that this is an opportunity that is not being fully utilised. in particular, there are arguments for adolescent vaccines to boost immunity against bordetella pertussis and neisseria meningitidis infections, and the successful implementation of the hpv vaccine could be taken as ... | 2010 | 21119024 |
| sti-prevalence and differences in social background and sexual behavior among urban and rural young women in uganda. | adolescents in uganda carry a heavy burden of reproductive health problems. different environment creates different problems. | 2010 | 21122607 |