| comparison of listeria serotypes and phage types isolated from sheep, other animals and humans. | a total of 814 different faecal, nasal, vaginal and milk samples of 50 healthy cotted sheep was investigated for listeria during an epidemic-free summer season. forty ewes and 5 tegs excreted listeria strains; 18.1% of all samples were positive. a total of 151 listeria monocytogenes strains belonging to serotypes 1/2, 4, 5, 6 and unknown were identified and phage typed. on the basis of the serotype and phage type of the excreted strains the animals could be divided into 7 groups. characters of s ... | 1986 | 3092560 |
| induction of immunotoxicity in mice by polyhalogenated biphenyls. | acute administration of aroclor-1254 (500 mg/kg) or 3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexabromobiphenyl (hbb) (2-6 mg/kg) ip, profoundly inhibited the plaque forming response to subsequent challenge with sheep erythrocytes in ah locus positive (c57bl/6n or b6c3f1n) mice. these studies showed: the immunotoxicity results paralleled enzyme induction results insofar as hbb was approximately 100 times more potent than aroclor 1254; neither aroclor nor hbb treatment caused significant induction in the ah locus negative ... | 1986 | 3092783 |
| characterization of three different rat t-cell clones with specificity to listeria monocytogenes: phenotype, specific proliferation, lymphokine production, and protective capacity in vivo. | splenic t lymphocytes from rats immunized with the facultative intracellular bacterium, listeria monocytogenes, were cloned by the limiting-dilution technique. from several clones obtained, three have been scrutinized in detail. as demonstrated by their reactivity to the monoclonal antibodies, w3/25 and mrc ox8, the clones rviic2 and r23d6 are of helper cell phenotype, whereas cells from clone r30d5 express both the helper and the cytotoxic/suppressor cell markers. proliferation of all three clo ... | 1986 | 3093093 |
| the in vitro bactericidal activity of peritoneal and spleen cells from listeria-resistant and -susceptible mouse strains. | two days after listeria-resistant (lrr) c57bl/10 mice were infected intraperitoneally with listeria, their peritoneal macrophages demonstrated enhanced bactericidal activity beyond that seen in susceptible (lrs) balb/c or cba mice. intravenous infection had no effect on peritoneal cell activity. the induction, but not expression, of the enhanced activity was radiosensitive. there was no significant difference between the strains with respect to the number of cells or cellular composition of the ... | 1986 | 3093099 |
| the effect of so2 on the clearance of listeria monocytogenes from the lungs of emphysematous hamsters. | the effect of sulphur dioxide on the clearance of listeria monocytogenes from normal and emphysematous hamsters was assessed by measuring the number of colony forming units recovered from whole lung homogenates. continuous exposure to so2 after intratracheal instillation of listeria significantly altered the clearance of viable bacteria from the lungs of emphysematous but not normal hamsters. preexposure of hamsters to so2 for 2 weeks prior to respiratory infection had similar effects. the emphy ... | 1986 | 3093218 |
| immunopotentiating activities of cell walls, peptidoglycans, and teichoic acids from two strains of listeria monocytogenes. | crude cell wall (ccw), enzyme purified wall (pf), peptidoglycans (pep), and teichoic acid fractions from two strains of listeria monocytogenes (egd and a human isolate) were analyzed by electron microscopy, chemical analyses, and various immunological assays. electron microscopy and chemical analyses revealed that both strains were quite similar. the ccw, pf, and pep fractions were mitogenic for mouse lymphocytes, could activate macrophages in vivo but not in vitro, and stimulated nonspecific im ... | 1986 | 3093383 |
| [short communication about the influence of quinolone derivatives on the immune system]. | | 1986 | 3093388 |
| in-vitro activity of sch 34343, a new penam, against gram-positive isolates from cancer patients. | the in-vitro activity of sch 34343, a new penam antibiotic, was tested against 257 gram-positive isolates from cancer patients, and compared with that of imipenem and amifloxacin. sch 34343 was extremely active against beta-haemolytic streptococci (lancefield groups a, b and g) with mic90s ranging from 0.025 to 0.05 mg/l. it was also active against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and had variable activity against coagulase-negative staphylococci. mic90 for listeria monocytogenes wa ... | 1986 | 3093447 |
| structural studies on lipoteichoic acids from four listeria strains. | the lipoteichoic acids were isolated from phenol extracts of four listeria strains representing serotypes 4a, 4b, 6a, and 6 to compare the differences in structure of amphiphilic polysaccharides from various serotypes of listeria spp. the lipoteichoic acids from the four strains examined had the same structure in both hydrophilic chains and lipid portions. on the basis of the results of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and smith degradation, the hydrophilic chains were shown to be 1,3-lin ... | 1986 | 3093460 |
| [study of phages used in lysotyping of listeria monocytogenes and proposal of classification by multidimensional treatment]. | | 1986 | 3093485 |
| the effect of in vivo modulation of macrophage activities on mycobacterium lepraemurium infection. | during the early stage of mycobacterium lepraemurium (mlm) infection in mice, the mononuclear phagocyte system (mps) was activated non-specifically as demonstrated by enhanced listericidal activity. such listericidal activity could be further increased by corynebacterium parvum treatment, indicating that mlm was not a good mps stimulant. corynebacterium parvum treatment conferred only marginal protection upon mice during mlm infection, as shown by the slight but significant prolongation of survi ... | 1986 | 3093543 |
| role of protein kinase c and intracellular calcium mobilization in the induction of macrophage tumoricidal activity by interferon-gamma. | these studies were designed to test the hypothesis that changes in intracellular ca2+ levels and activation of the calcium ion- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase c were required for the induction of macrophage tumoricidal activity by interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma). phenothiazines and r24571, known antagonists of calcium-binding proteins and therefore nonspecific inhibitors of protein kinase c, blocked in a dose-dependent manner the induction of macrophage cytocidal activity by either natur ... | 1986 | 3093574 |
| carriage of listeria monocytogenes and related species in pregnant and non-pregnant women in aberdeen, scotland. | the faecal, cervico-vaginal and oropharyngeal carriage of listeria species in 54 healthy pregnant women and 60 healthy non-pregnant women was investigated. samples were cold-enriched at 4 degrees c and subcultured on selective media containing acriflavin, nalidixic acid and potassium thiocyanate. listeria monocytogenes was isolated from the faeces of one pregnant woman (2%) and two non-pregnant women (3.4%). listeria innocua was isolated from the faeces of one pregnant woman (2%) and one non-pre ... | 1986 | 3093591 |
| characterization of listeria monocytogenes-induced murine natural killer cells. | | 1986 | 3093607 |
| effect of ammonium metavanadate on the murine immune response. | female b6c3f1 mice were exposed to ammonium metavanadate (nh4vo3) by intraperitoneal injection every 3 d at 2.5, 5.0, or 10 mg v/kg for 3, 6, or 9 w and were then assayed for alterations in immunoresponsiveness. resistance to escherichia coli endotoxin lethality increased in a dose-dependent manner up to 6 w of exposure, while resistance to viable gram-positive listeria lethality was depressed in a dose-dependent manner. comparison of ld20 values indicated a 250-fold decrease in resistance to li ... | 1986 | 3093687 |
| [acute chorioretinitis caused by listeria monocytogenes]. | the present paper reports on a case of acute chorioretinitis caused by listeria monocytogenes in a 16-year-old girl. the inflammatory process was brought to a standstill by antibiotic therapy in combination with systemic cortisone administration. final visual acuity in the affected eye was 0.8-1.0. | 1986 | 3093752 |
| chronic zinc deficiency and listeriosis in rats: acquired cellular resistance and response to vaccination. | the functional significance of zinc deficiency on primary and secondary host responses to infection with a facultative intracellular pathogen was studied in specific pathogen free rats. groups of female rats fed either a low zinc or normal diet for 8 or 10 weeks were infected with listeria monocytogenes five days prior to sacrifice. zinc-deficient rats demonstrated thymic atrophy, reduced delayed hypersensitivity responses to listeria antigen, and impaired lymphocyte response of spleen cells to ... | 1986 | 3093828 |
| effect of liposome-entrapped ampicillin on survival of listeria monocytogenes in murine peritoneal macrophages. | the effect of liposomal encapsulation of ampicillin on the antibacterial activity against intracellular listeria monocytogenes was studied by comparing survival of l. monocytogenes within peritoneal mouse macrophages in the presence of free ampicillin alone or in combination with liposome-entrapped ampicillin. in the presence of 50 micrograms of free ampicillin per ml of the incubation medium, intracellular growth of l. monocytogenes was still observed, although less as compared with intracellul ... | 1986 | 3094440 |
| establishment of beta-hydroxy fatty acids as chemical marker molecules for bacterial endotoxin by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | selected ion-monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for detection of beta-hydroxy fatty acids as an independent assay for the presence or absence of endotoxin in materials claimed to induce nonspecific activation of limulus amoebocyte lysate. to this end, suspensions of gram-negative and -positive bacteria, one fungal species, cerebrospinal fluid, and hollow-fiber hemodialyzer rinses were assayed for endotoxin by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the limulus amoebocyte l ... | 1986 | 3094448 |
| [quantitative bacteriologic studies on experimentally infected laboratory animals. 3. dynamics of germ counts in mice experimentally infected with listeria monocytogenes]. | | 1986 | 3094474 |
| analysis of macrophage bactericidal function in genetically resistant and susceptible mice by using the temperature-sensitive mutant of listeria monocytogenes. | innate resistance to infection by listeria monocytogenes is genetically controlled and is critically dependent on prompt macrophage recruitment to the sites of infection. experiments reported here were designed to examine whether there was an additional, qualitative difference between the intrinsic bactericidal activity of the inflammatory macrophages of genetically resistant (c57bl/6j) and susceptible (a/j) hosts. to critically evaluate the bactericidal (rather than bacteriostatic) function of ... | 1986 | 3095238 |
| listeria monocytogenes cholecystitis. | | 1986 | 3095439 |
| [a case of purulent meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes type 4c]. | | 1986 | 3095452 |
| identification of brucella abortus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of cows, goats, and mice with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex immunoenzymatic staining technique. | an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex immunoenzymatic staining technique was evaluated for light microscopic detection of brucella organisms in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. tissues from cows, goats, and mice inoculated with b abortus strain 2308 were examined, using rabbit antiserum to brucella cell surface protein as primary antibody. stained organisms were identified histologically in tissue sections containing b abortus, as detected by bacteriologic examination of duplicate nonpro ... | 1986 | 3096172 |
| selection and characterization of a listeria monocytogenes vaccinal strain of reduced virulence for mice. | in an attempt to reproduce resistance to listeria monocytogenes induced by primo-infection, a vaccinal strain of low virulence capable of affording a good immunity was looked for. after a double mutation in regard to streptomycin, i.e. dependence then reversion to independence, nine strains were obtained from a listeria monocytogenes field strain of low virulence. in addition, five of these reverse strains were made resistant to erythromycin. measure of virulence of the resulting 14 strains was ... | 1986 | 3096186 |
| vaccination against listeria infection in mice with a mutant strain of reduced virulence. | killed listeria monocytogenes (l.m.) or living listeria innocua, being unable to afford noticeable immunity against l.m. challenge in mice, the efficacy of a living strain of l.m. of reduced virulence was studied. this strain was obtained from a field strain of low virulence by successive mutations for streptomycin dependence, reversion to independence and resistance to erythromycin. its protective immunity was checked in mice against iv, sc and intra-gastric challenges. vaccinated mice were pro ... | 1986 | 3096187 |
| method for flow cytometric detection of listeria monocytogenes in milk. | this report describes a method for the detection of listeria monocytogenes in raw milk by flow cytometric analysis of fluorescently labeled bacterial populations. the use of immunofluorescence in combination with measures of dna content by propidium iodide labeling and size by light scattering enabled specific identification of l. monocytogenes from streptococcus faecalis, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus uberis, staphylococcus epidermidis, and staphylococcus hyicus. additional specific r ... | 1986 | 3096202 |
| stimulation of the mouse monocytes by listeria monocytogenes. | the bacteria of wellshimer's strain l. monocytogenes and their extract (lma) showed in vitro the mitogenic activity which was demonstrated by increased proliferation of normal bone marrow cells and blood monocytes of the mouse strains resistant (c57bl/6) and susceptible (dba/2) to listeriosis. in the same experimental conditions the proliferation of spleen macrophages and resident peritoneal macrophages was not influenced. besides, c57bl/6 bone marrow cells, activated by live or killed l. monocy ... | 1986 | 3096257 |
| synthesis and secretion of interferon by murine fibroblasts in response to intracellular listeria monocytogenes. | listeria monocytogenes, a gram-positive facultative intracellular bacterium, was shown to be capable of infecting and proliferating in murine embryo fibroblasts. during exponential proliferation, the doubling time of the bacterium was determined to be 2.5 h intracellularly, compared with 25 min extracellularly. progressive intracellular growth of listeriae ultimately resulted in the destruction of initially infected cells and the spread of infection to neighboring cells. listeria infection induc ... | 1986 | 3096891 |
| antimicrobial activity of cefmetazole (cs-1170) and recommendations for susceptibility testing by disk diffusion, dilution, and anaerobic methods. | cefmetazole, formerly cs-1170, was found to have antimicrobial activity slightly superior to that of cefoxitin but a clinically usable antimicrobial spectrum that should be considered identical to that of cefoxitin. disk diffusion and dilution test methods with cefmetazole correlated highly (r, greater than or equal to 0.95) with cefoxitin results. the recommended 30-micrograms cefmetazole disk interpretive breakpoints for susceptibility and resistance were greater than or equal to 18 mm (mic, l ... | 1986 | 3097064 |
| non-neonatal meningitis due to less common bacterial pathogens, the netherlands, 1975-83. | in the netherlands, case histories of 160 patients aged more than 1 month, with meningitis due to bacteria other than neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae were reviewed in order to look for associations between the bacteriological data and the course of disease. the incidence of such cases was about 0.8/100,000/year. escherichia coli and listeria monocytogenes each accounted for about 15% of the cases. the case-fatality rate was 18.8% (gram-negative bacteri ... | 1986 | 3097121 |
| [virulence of listeria welshimeri]. | the species l. welshimeri consists of non-pathogenic bacteria. 16 different strains which were characterized biochemically were unable to multiply within adult nmri mice after injection of a high dose of about 10(7) bacteria. even macrophage depleted animals, which were obtained by treatment with highmolecular dextran sulfate, could eliminate l. welshimeri. 5 day old baby mice were resistant against l. welshimeri. l. innocua was as avirulent as l. welshimeri, whereas l. monocytogenes was virulen ... | 1986 | 3097990 |
| thermal resistance of intracellular listeria monocytogenes cells suspended in raw bovine milk. | the thermal resistance of listeria monocytogenes associated with a milk-borne outbreak of listeriosis was determined in parallel experiments by using freely suspended bacteria and bacteria internalized by phagocytes. the latter inoculum was generated by an in vitro phagocytosis reaction with immune-antigen-elicited murine peritoneal phagocytes. the heat suspension medium was raw whole bovine milk. both suspensions were heated at temperatures ranging from 52.2 to 71.7 degrees c for various period ... | 1986 | 3098172 |
| effects of recombinant interferon-gamma and chemotherapy with isoniazid and rifampicin on infections of mouse peritoneal macrophages with listeria monocytogenes and mycobacterium microti in vitro. | the effect of recombinant murine interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) on the growth of listeria monocytogenes for 4 h and mycobacterium microti for up to 3 days in monolayers of peritoneal macrophages from balb/c mice was examined by serial viable counts of cell-associated bacteria. macrophages pretreated with 10 u ifn-gamma per ml were bacteriostatic and with 100 u or 1000 u per ml were bactericidal against l. monocytogenes. addition of ifn-gamma 3 days before infection caused monolayers to be bacteric ... | 1986 | 3098272 |
| growth and thermal inactivation of listeria monocytogenes in cabbage and cabbage juice. | studies were done to determine the interacting effects of ph, nacl, temperature, and time on growth, survival, and death of two strains of listeria monocytogenes. viable population of the organism steadily declined in heat-sterilized cabbage stored at 5 degrees c for 42 days. in contrast, the organism grew on raw cabbage during the first 25 days of a 64-day storage period at 5 degrees c. growth was observed in heat-sterilized unclarified cabbage juice containing less than or equal to 5% nacl and ... | 1986 | 3098397 |
| neonatal listeriosis due to cross-infection in an obstetric theatre. | two cases of neonatal listeriosis following caesarean section are reported. evidence is presented which suggests that cross-infection took place in the obstetric operating theatre. the first case shows the features of early-onset disease while the second illustrates the late-onset pattern. listeria monocytogenes was isolated also from the mother of the first baby. the two neonatal disease patterns are discussed. | 1986 | 3098856 |
| the evaluation of a phage-typing system for listeria monocytogenes for use in epidemiological studies. | a typing system for strains of listeria monocytogenes based on the lytic properties of 28 phages has been evaluated with a set of strains isolated in the uk and tested in a blind trial. the system was highly reproducible and discriminatory, and 64% of all the strains tested could be typed. | 1986 | 3098978 |
| aspects of the epidemiology of human listeria monocytogenes infections in britain 1967-1984; the use of serotyping and phage typing. | strains of listeria monocytogenes from 475 cases of human listeriosis collected during 1967-1984, belonged to one of three serogroups (1/2, 3 or 4). they were phage typed with a set of 28 phages to investigate three aspects of the epidemiology of listeriosis. three patients each had two episodes of listeriosis, 3 months to 2 years apart, with strains of the same serogroup and indistinguishable by phage typing. ten episodes of possible cross-infection between pairs of neonates in the same hospita ... | 1986 | 3098979 |
| monocyte migration explains the changes in macrophage arachidonate metabolism during the immune response. | the profile of arachidonic acid metabolites in resident peritoneal macrophages is distinctly different from the profile of macrophages isolated after an acute bacterial infection. the latter produce decreased prostaglandins e2 and i2 and leukotriene c4 while conserving the synthesis of thromboxane a2. we show here that the initial changes in peritoneal macrophage arachidonate metabolism during the immune response appear to be the result of the large influx of blood monocytes, which have a charac ... | 1986 | 3099288 |
| brain abscess due to listeria monocytogenes: case report and literature review. | listeria monocytogenes is an uncommon cause of brain abscess. of a total of 14 cases of l. monocytogenes brain abscess (one described for the first time and 13 reported previously in the english-language literature), seven (50%) occurred in patients with leukemia and recipients of renal transplants; four (29%) of the cases occurred in previously healthy individuals. common clinical findings were similar to those in brain abscess due to other causes and included fever (57%), headache (57%), and f ... | 1986 | 3099364 |
| inhibition of growth of listeria monocytogenes in vitro, by immunologically activated mouse resident macrophages. | resident peritoneal macrophages, spleen macrophages and kupffer cells isolated from normal cba mice were treated with supernatants from spleen cells of normal or immunized mice, and cultured in the presence of heat-killed listeria monocytogenes. the capacity of the macrophages, infected in vitro, to control the growth of listeria was tested. in macrophages treated with supernatant from normal spleen cells, the organisms multiplied extensively during 24 h but in those treated with supernatant fro ... | 1986 | 3099823 |
| in vitro activity of sch-34343, a new penam, and other antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates from cancer patients. | the in vitro activity of sch-34343, a new penam antibiotic, was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative isolates from cancer patients, and compared to that of 7 other antimicrobial agents. sch-34343 was extremely active against the enterobacteriaceae with mic90 ranging from 0.39 to 6.25 micrograms/ml for citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus spp. and serratia marcescens. it was less active against acinetobacter spp. (mic90 6.25-12.5 micrograms/ml) ... | 1986 | 3100147 |
| evaluation of dairy and food plant sanitizers against salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes. | six commonly used dairy and food plant sanitizers were evaluated against salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes. of these six, two were acid anionic sanitizers, one contained a quaternary ammonium compound, one was based on active iodine, and two contained active chlorine. of the last two, one contained hypochlorite and the other contained active chlorine in organic form. the chlorine-based sanitizers were effective at 100 ppm of available chlorine against both these organisms. the sa ... | 1986 | 3100591 |
| differences in tumor necrosis factor productive ability among rabbits. | | 1986 | 3100847 |
| demonstration of listeria monocytogenes with the pap technique in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissues of experimentally infected mice. | | 1986 | 3101333 |
| antibacterial activity of primycin against multiple strains of gram-positive bacteria. | crystalline primycin was found to be very active in broth dilution assay against staphylococcus aureus (50 strains), staphylococcus epidermidis (77 strains), streptococcus faecalis (76 strains) and one strain of listeria monocytogenes with minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of 0.12-0.5 microgram/ml. the activity was influenced by the ph of the liquid medium with greater activity (lower mics) at ph 8 against the majority of strains, than at ph 6 or 7.3. in disc agar diffusion assay bacillus ... | 1986 | 3101392 |
| [listeriosis today]. | | 1987 | 3102201 |
| identity between human interferon-gamma and "macrophage-activating factor" produced by human t lymphocytes. | human peripheral blood monocytes purified by counterflow elutriation were activated in vitro by human natural or recombinant interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) as shown by enhanced killing of listeria monocytogenes and increased production of h2o2 in response to phorbol myristate acetate. half-maximal stimulation for macrophage activation (maf) was observed with 10-20 antiviral u/ml of purified recombinant ifn-gamma. these maf activities were found to correlate with the antiviral activity dependent on ... | 1986 | 3102242 |
| a specific serine proteinase is inducible in lyt-2+,l3t4- and lyt-2-,l3t4+ t cells in vitro but is mainly associated with lyt-2+,l3t4- effector cells in vivo. | recently, we and others reported on the expression of a serine proteinase in long-term cultured murine t lymphocyte cell lines. in an attempt to explore the distribution and possible regulation of this enzyme in t lymphocyte subsets, we performed the presented detailed study. we found that the proteinase is not expressed by thymocytes and resting t cells but can be induced by lectin or antigen in combination with lymphokine sources in vitro in macrophage-depleted unselected t cells as well as in ... | 1986 | 3102247 |
| suppression of the delayed-type hypersensitivity and cell-mediated immune responses to listeria monocytogenes induced by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pseudomonas aeruginosa-mediated suppression of the immune response to listeria monocytogenes was investigated in mice. because delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) footpad swelling to l. monocytogenes was suppressed equally in lipopolysaccharide-responsive and -hyporesponsive mouse strains, the lipopolysaccharide component of p. aeruginosa could not have been the suppressive agent. mucoid p. aeruginosa cells were no more suppressive than their nonmucoid revertants; therefore, mucoid coating was n ... | 1987 | 3102378 |
| listeria rhombencephalitis mimicking tuberculous meningitis. | a previously healthy man developed a progressive neurologic illness characterized by an "aseptic meningitis syndrome," progressive hypoglycorrhachia, and severe brain-stem dysfunction. initial dramatic response to antituberculosis therapy supported the diagnosis of tuberculous basilar meningitis; however, listeria monocytogenes eventually grew in a blood culture, and the patient recovered following intravenous ampicillin therapy. the entity of listerial rhombencephalitis should be considered as ... | 1987 | 3103192 |
| inhibitory effect of liposome-encapsulated penicillin g on growth of listeria monocytogenes in mouse macrophages. | administration of penicillin g encapsulated in liposomes inhibited the proliferation of listeria which infected mouse intraperitoneal resident macrophages whereas free penicillin g and/or liposomes did not. this result suggests that administration of antibiotics encapsulated in liposomes is an effective treatment for the intracellular infection. | 1986 | 3103258 |
| [listeria monocytogenes as the cause of abortion in the 2d trimester]. | | 1987 | 3103300 |
| immunotoxic effects of t-2 mycotoxin on cell-mediated resistance to listeria monocytogenes infection. | the effect of t-2 toxin on cell-mediated resistance to bacterial infection was evaluated in mice exposed to listeria monocytogenes. mice were inoculated with 4.0 x 10(5) (ld50) or 4.0 x 10(4) (nonlethal) l. monocytogenes on day 0 and treated orally on days 0, 1, 2, and 3 with 2.0, 1.0, or 0 mg/kg t-2 toxin. toxin induced suppression of resistance was indicated by the rapid growth of listeria in the spleen and by significant (p less than 0.005) increases in mortality due to listeriosis. necrosis ... | 1987 | 3103315 |
| specific lysis of listeria monocytogenes-infected macrophages by class ii-restricted l3t4+ t cells. | mice were infected with the intracellular bacterium, listeria monocytogenes, and t cell clones from spleens, lymph nodes and peritoneal exudates were established. the capacity of l3t4+, lyt2- t-cell clones to specifically lyse l. monocytogenes-infected macrophages was analyzed. as a source of target cells, bone marrow macrophages (bmm phi) after 9 days of culture in hydrophobic teflon bags were used. these bmm phi were totally ia-; however, significant ia-expression could be induced by interfero ... | 1987 | 3104063 |
| role of local immunosuppression in murine fetoplacental listeriosis. | recent evidence suggests that local immunoregulation may prevent rejection of the placenta by the mother. this local immunoregulation may also compromise the response to placental infection. listeria monocytogenes infection in 121 pregnant mice and 1,050 fetoplacental units was examined and the kinetics of bacterial growth in various maternal and fetal tissues were determined. a subset of pregnant mice developed overwhelming placental listeria infections. pregnancy did not impair the maternal im ... | 1987 | 3104403 |
| intracellular growth of listeria monocytogenes as a prerequisite for in vivo induction of t cell-mediated immunity. | the in vivo induction of t cell-mediated immunity was studied by infecting mice with two genetically closely related mutants from listeria monocytogenes, differing only with respect to the secretion of an active sh-dependent hemolysin. it is shown that even minute doses of hemolytic bacteria capable of growing in host tissues easily induced the expression of t cell-mediated immunity, as estimated by the level of delayed sensitivity, adoptive protection and long-lasting immunological memory. on t ... | 1987 | 3104455 |
| the antigenic and mitogenic response of murine t and b lymphocytes to soluble proteins of listeria monocytogenes. | solubilized constituents from listeria monocytogenes were fractionated by various techniques including isopycnic gradient centrifugation, molecular sieve chromatography, and preparative sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). fractionated material was tested in vitro for mitogenic and antigenic activity by quantitating the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and the interleukin production by peritoneal t cells. fractionation by isopycnic gradient centrifugation revealed both antigeni ... | 1987 | 3104472 |
| listeria monocytogenes meningitis in adults. sixteen consecutive cases 1973-1982. | 16 adult patients with listeria monocytogenes meningitis were reviewed to see whether clinical features or initial laboratory findings could discriminate between these patients and patients with purulent meningitis of other causes. six patients suffered from known predisposing diseases and 4 were alcoholics. the initial clinical picture was indistinguishable from meningitis of other causes. microscopy of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) was negative in all cases but 2 where gram-positive rods were seen ... | 1987 | 3105048 |
| ct features of early listeria monocytogenes cerebritis. | listeria monocytogenes is a relatively uncommon pathogen affecting infants or adults with predisposing conditions, such as cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, autoimmune disease, renal transplants, and solid and lymphoreticular malignancies. cerebral parenchymal involvement is rare and consists of focal cerebritis, which may progress to abscess formation. this article presents three cases of early listeria monocytogenes cerebritis, two of which demonstrated ill-defined superficial areas of low attenua ... | 1987 | 3105286 |
| bmy 28100, a new oral cephalosporin. | bmy 28100, a new oral cephalosporin with a (z)-propenyl side chain at the 3 position and a p-hydroxyphenylglycyl substituent at the 7 position, was evaluated in comparison with cefaclor and cephalexin and, when appropriate, ampicillin and vancomycin. in vitro, bmy 28100 was more active than the reference cephalosporins against streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, listeria monocytogenes, haemophilus influenzae, propionibacterium acnes, clostridium perfringens, and clos ... | 1987 | 3105449 |
| a significant role of the macrophage accumulation induced by mcf in the protection of mice against listeria monocytogenes in vivo. | analysis was done on macrophage chemotactic factor (mcf) produced in the culture supernatant of spleen cells from mice immunized with listeria monocytogenes. mcf was produced by thy-1+, lyt-1+ lymphocytes. mcf activity was resistant against ph 2 treatment and heating at 56 degrees c for 30 min, but was abolished by digestion with trypsin. g-100 gel filtration chromatography revealed that the approximate molecular weight of mcf was 15,000. mcf-rich fraction obtained by gel filtration chromatograp ... | 1987 | 3105896 |
| determination of the effect of antimicrobics in combination against listeria monocytogenes. | the in vitro activity of selected penicillins, extended spectrum cephalosporins, vancomycin, gentamicin, erythromycin, tetracycline, rifampin, and trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (alone and in combination) was determined by microtiter technique for 20 isolates of listeria monocytogenes. the activity of selected combinations of antimicrobics was determined by the microtiter checkboard technique. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1:20 ratio) was the most active agent in inhibitory tests and also sh ... | 1987 | 3105948 |
| an early response to lipopolysaccharide is the elicitation of macrophages specialized for antigen degradation with negative regulatory effects on the induction of specific immune responses. | the ability of macrophages to catabolize antigens is relevant both as a means to process complex antigens before presentation to t cells and as a way to down-regulate immune responses by destroying the antigenicity of polypeptides. with these considerations in mind, we investigated the regulation of macrophage catabolic activity by lipopolysaccharide (lps). catabolic activity was quantitated by following the distribution and molecular form of 125i-labeled surface components of heat-killed lister ... | 1987 | 3106219 |
| induction of macrophage ia expression by lipopolysaccharide and listeria monocytogenes in congenitally athymic nude mice. | experiments were performed to analyze the mechanism by which lipopolysaccharide (lps) modulates the expression of ia by murine peritoneal macrophages in vivo. we investigated the effect of lps on ia expression in t cell deficient mice by using the congenitally athymic nude mouse model. injection (i.p) of lps into athymic (nu/nu) mice resulted in a dramatic increase in the expression and biosynthesis of ia by peritoneal macrophages 7 days after injection. the magnitude and kinetics of this induct ... | 1987 | 3106476 |
| occurrence of listeria monocytogenes in raw milk. | | 1987 | 3107201 |
| bilateral facial paralysis in a cow with listeriosis. | | 1987 | 3107202 |
| the effect of lps on expression of the early "competence" genes je and kc in murine peritoneal macrophages. | the expression of early "competence" genes has been examined in murine peritoneal macrophages treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). this set of genes (e.g., c-myc, c-fos, r-fos, je, and kc) were first described in balb/c 3t3 cells treated with platelet-derived growth factor. we have previously reported that lps induces the rapid and transient expression of both c-myc and c-fos in macrophages. in the present report, we present evidence demonstrating that the mrna for je and kc are also ... | 1987 | 3108379 |
| septicemic listeriosis in a reindeer calf. | septicemic listeriosis is described in a 2-day-old reindeer calf (rangifer tarandus tarandus) from a local zoo. the gross and microscopic lesions were typical of disease caused by bacterial septicemia. major lesions included necrosis of the liver, lung, adrenal gland, spleen, and lymph node. the diagnosis was suspected by special histopathological stains and confirmed by isolation of listeria monocytogenes from multiple organs. this is the first report of listeriosis in a reindeer. | 1987 | 3108523 |
| listeriosis in an immature black buck antelope (antilope cervicapra). | a 10-week-old, black buck antelope calf, from the mesker park zoo in evansville, indiana was found dead without observed signs of illness. necropsy disclosed disseminated ecchymoses on the pericardium, diaphragm, intestines, and renal capsules and more extensive hemorrhage in the muscles of the hindquarters. there were numerous, 1 mm, pale foci on the capsular and cut surfaces of the liver and spleen which, on microscopic examination, were necrotic foci containing variable numbers of neutrophils ... | 1987 | 3108524 |
| neutrophil phagocytic and serum opsonic response of the foal to corynebacterium equi. | this study was undertaken to examine the neutrophil response to corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi, and to assess the possibility of neutrophil immaturity or malfunction in predisposition to c. equi pneumonia in foals. neutrophil phagocytosis of corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi was studied in foals from birth to 6 months of age. chemiluminescence (cl) and bactericidal assays were used to assay the phagocytic response of peripheral blood neutrophils to c. equi in vitro. results of in vitro bact ... | 1987 | 3109114 |
| immunomodulatory effect of listeria monocytogenes infection. i. allotransplantation reaction in infected mice. | the rejection reaction of skin graft in listeria monocytogenes infected mice was examined in the allogeneic system: recipient balb/c mice (haplotype h-2d) and donor g3h mice (haplotype h-2k). it was observed that this reaction was significantly potentiated when skin allograft was transplanted in the period of the highest monocytosis and the strongest delayed type hypersensitivity to listeria monocytogenes antigen in the infected recipients. this finding suggests that the allotransplantation reac ... | 1986 | 3109348 |
| immunomodulatory effect of listeria monocytogenes infection. ii. natural cell cytotoxicity in infected mice. | the natural cell cytotoxicity of blood leukocytes, splenocytes and peritoneal cells derived from balb/c mice being on day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 of listeriosis to allogeneic fibroblast l 929 was examined. the intensity of cytotoxic reaction was assessed by the per cent of specific 51cr release from target cells. to check if this reaction correlates with the level of monocyte-macrophage lineage cells present in the effector cells of if it depends on the development of delayed type hypersensitivity to list ... | 1986 | 3109349 |
| purification, characterization, and toxicity of the sulfhydryl-activated hemolysin listeriolysin o from listeria monocytogenes. | we purified and characterized an extracellular hemolysin produced by listeria monocytogenes. hemolysin production was greatly enhanced by growing bacteria in resin (chelex)-treated medium. this hemolysin was separated as a homogeneous protein of 60,000 daltons by using thiol-disulfide exchange affinity chromatography. this protein was a sulfhydryl-activated toxin, termed listeriolysin o, which shared the classical properties of other bacterial sulfhydryl-activated toxins: inhibition by very low ... | 1987 | 3110067 |
| immunosuppressive effect of cyclosporin a on mycobacterium bovis bcg infections in mice. | the effect of increasing doses of cyclosporin a (csa) given to mice infected intravenously with mycobacterium bovis bcg was investigated. development of both tuberculin hypersensitivity and acquired antituberculous resistance was suppressed in a dose-responsive manner. daily dosages at 100 mg/kg of body weight prevented any reduction in the bcg counts within the lungs, liver, or spleen. this effect was associated with lowered nonspecific resistance to a listeria monocytogenes challenge and a dec ... | 1987 | 3110069 |
| listeria meningitis resistant to ampicillin. | | 1986 | 3110504 |
| control of listeria in the dairy plant. | | 1987 | 3111073 |
| t-2 toxin-enhanced resistance against listeriosis in mice: importance of gastrointestinal lesions. | the role of t-2 toxin-induced gastrointestinal lesions in t-2 toxin-enhanced resistance to listeriosis in mice was evaluated. the t-2 toxin-induced lesions did not cause a starvation effect sufficient to enhance resistance to listeriosis. administration of polymyxin e markedly reduced the gram-negative intestinal microflora and did not eliminate the toxin-induced resistance to listeriosis. the t-2 toxin did not cause an increased expression of ia surface antigens on peritoneal macrophages. thus, ... | 1987 | 3111316 |
| comparison of media and methods for detecting and enumerating listeria monocytogenes in refrigerated cabbage. | direct plating, selective enrichment, and cold enrichment followed by secondary selective enrichment procedures were compared for detecting and enumerating listeria monocytogenes in chopped cabbage stored at 5 degrees c for up to 64 days. addition of fe3+ to solid media enhanced detection of the organism. cold enrichment (5 degrees c) in nutrient broth and brain heart infusion broth followed by secondary enrichment (48 h, 30 degrees c) in trypticase soy-yeast extract-antibiotic broth and thiocya ... | 1987 | 3111369 |
| 3rd forum de microbiology. virulence of listeria monocytogenes. | | 1987 | 3111507 |
| [causes of lamb losses with special reference to listeriosis on a large-scale farm]. | epizootiological studies on lamb losses on a large scale farm (4.5 thousand mothers) were carried out. the results of the studies denied the direct effect of maize silage on the genesis of enzootia of listeriosis. the earlier reports were confirmed, i.e. that the direct cause of enzootia of listeriosis is the weakening of an animal organism due to other microbiological, zoohigienical, nutritional factors (e.g. not proper content of mineral compounds). maize silage has a destructive effect on the ... | 1986 | 3111517 |
| a t cell-independent mechanism of macrophage activation by interferon-gamma. | a primary interest in immunity to intracellular pathogenic microorganisms and tumors is to understand the mechanisms by which macrophages are activated for various functions. two parameters of macrophage activation are the expression of the class ii histocompatibility proteins or ia molecules (1), and cytotoxic activity. the ability of t cells to induce these responses has been extensively documented and occurs via their secretion of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) after interaction with antigen (2 ... | 1987 | 3112223 |
| [resistance of listeria monocytogenes to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone combined with an aminoside]. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefotaxime and ceftriaxone-aminoglycoside combinations was studied against 20 clinical isolates of listeria monocytogenes, and compared with the activity of the antibiotics alone. minimal bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations (mbcs) as well as killing curves were determined using different parameters. in all cases, the mbcs of gentamicin and netilmicin were shown to be lowered by addition of ctx or ctr. using mueller-hinton broth the values of mbcs ... | 1987 | 3112709 |
| comparative oxidative microbicidal activity of human blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages and activation by recombinant gamma interferon. | the relative oxidative and microbicidal activities of human blood monocytes compared with those of alveolar macrophages (am) are poorly defined. furthermore, the comparative efficiency of recombinant gamma interferon (rifn gamma) to enhance microbicidal function of these 2 cell populations is uncertain. in this study, blood monocytes and am were obtained concomitantly from 10 healthy, nonsmoking human subjects. cells were adjusted to equivalent cell concentrations and assayed for respiratory bur ... | 1987 | 3113303 |
| cloning of two possible haemolysin determinants from listeria monocytogenes. | | 1987 | 3113460 |
| gamma interferon-mediated increase in the number of ia-bearing macrophages during infection with listeria monocytogenes. | the role of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) in an increase in ia-bearing macrophages during listeria monocytogenes infection was studied. the peritoneal macrophages from l. monocytogenes-infected mice contained a high proportion of ia. intraperitoneal injection of the supernatant from a culture of spleen cells from l. monocytogenes-infected mice induced ia-rich exudates in normal mice. the ia-inducing activity in the culture supernatant was abrogated by the pretreatment of spleen cells with anti-th ... | 1987 | 3114151 |
| potential use of continuous cell lines to distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic listeria spp. | continuous cell lines were tested for their potential use in distinguishing pathogenic from nonpathogenic listeria species. listeria monocytogenes and listeria ivanovii strains were lethal for mice, and culture filtrates were cytotoxic for cultured cells and hemolytic for sheep erythrocytes, while listeria innocua, listeria grayi, and listeria murrayi strains were negative in all three tests. the eight cell lines tested were all affected but varied in sensitivity, with the chinese hamster ovary ... | 1987 | 3114320 |
| lactoferrin effects of phagocytic cell function. ii. the presence of iron is required for the lactoferrin molecule to stimulate intracellular killing by macrophages but not to enhance the uptake of particles and microorganisms. | human lactoferrin (lf)--a neutrophil glycoprotein, the body fluid levels of which increase in inflammatory conditions--stimulates the phagocytic and cytotoxic properties of macrophages. we found in this work that, whereas the presence of iron in the lf molecule was not required to increase the capacity of mouse peritoneal macrophages (mpm) to take up trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes (ama), listeria monocytogenes, or latex particles, it was necessary for lf to enhance intracellular killing of the tw ... | 1987 | 3114372 |
| adoptive transfer of immunity to listeria monocytogenes. the influence of in vitro stimulation on lymphocyte subset requirements. | balb/c mice develop specific and relatively long lasting immunity after exposure to sublethal numbers of viable listeria monocytogenes. this immunity can be passively transferred to naive recipients with maximal protection conferred by spleen cells obtained from donors 6 days after immunization. immunity that can be directly transferred to syngeneic recipients is surprisingly short lived. cell recipients lose immunity as early as 72 hr after transfer, and recipients express no detectable immunit ... | 1987 | 3114382 |
| thioglycollate elicited macrophages demonstrate enhanced virus replication and depressed bacterial killing. | thioglycollate elicited peritoneal macrophages of balb/c mice exhibited minimal antibacterial activity against listeria monocytogenes but were fully permissive for the replication of ectromelia virus. by comparison, resident and lps elicited macrophages did not exhibited depressed antibacterial activity nor did they support viral replication. the thioglycollate effects were demonstrated in macrophages cultured in vitro and also in intact balb/c mice. mice given thioglycollate intraperitoneally a ... | 1987 | 3114595 |
| differential requirements for the processing and presentation of soluble and particulate bacterial antigens by macrophages. | the requirements for antigen processing and presentation by macrophages using various forms of antigens derived from listeria monocytogenes have been studied. antigen presentation was monitored by t cell-macrophage binding and interleukin production using t cells from listeria monocytogenes-infected mice and specific t cell hybridomas. antigen processing requirements were defined by three criteria: (a) inhibition by lysosomotropic agents, nh4cl and chloroquine; (b) kinetic relationships between ... | 1987 | 3115792 |
| listeria monocytogenes, recent advances in the taxonomy and epidemiology of listeriosis in humans. | | 1987 | 3115937 |
| serum bactericidal activity and postantibiotic effect in serum of patients with urinary tract infection receiving high-dose amikacin. | ten patients received a 30-min infusion of amikacin (30 mg/kg) on day 1 and 15 mg/kg on day 2. mean serum creatinine was 1.1 +/- 0.3 (standard deviation) mg/dl before and 1.0 +/- 0.3 mg/dl 3 days after the second infusion. mean serum amikacin concentrations before, at the end of infusion, and 1, 6, 12, and 24 h after 30 and 15 mg/kg were 0, 157, 79, 31, 16, 5, 5, 85, 51, 19, 12, and 5 mg/liter, respectively. five strains each of staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis susceptible and r ... | 1987 | 3116918 |
| survival of listeria monocytogenes in milk during high-temperature, short-time pasteurization. | milk from cows inoculated with listeria monocytogenes was pooled for 2 to 4 days and then heated at 71.7 to 73.9 degrees c for 16.4 s or at 76.4 to 77.8 degrees c for 15.4 s in a high-temperature, short-time plate heat exchanger pasteurization unit. l. monocytogenes was isolated from milk after heat treatment in six of nine pasteurization trials done at 71.7 to 73.9 degrees c and in none of three trials done at 76.4 to 77.8 degrees c. an average of 1.5 to 9.2 l. monocytogenes cells was seen in e ... | 1987 | 3116926 |
| in vitro model of penetration and intracellular growth of listeria monocytogenes in the human enterocyte-like cell line caco-2. | penetration and replication of listeria monocytogenes within intestinal epithelial cells were studied by infecting the human enterocyte-like cell line caco-2. entry was due to directed phagocytosis, as suggested by the inhibiting effect of cytochalasin d on bacterial entry and by electron microscopy showing bacteria inside membrane-limiting vacuoles at the early stage of infection. only bacteria from pathogenic species (l. monocytogenes and listeria ivanovii) were able to induce their own phagoc ... | 1987 | 3117693 |
| optimal dilution susceptibility testing conditions, recommendations for mic interpretation, and quality control guidelines for the ampicillin-sulbactam combination. | the ampicillin-sulbactam combination was evaluated in vitro to determine the optimal susceptibility testing conditions among five combination ratios and four fixed concentrations of sulbactam. the organisms tested were markedly resistant to aminopenicillins and most other beta-lactams. the ratio of 2:1 is recommended to assure recognition of the ampicillin-sulbactam spectrum and minimize false-susceptible results among strains known to be resistant to this combination. proposed mic breakpoint co ... | 1987 | 3117843 |
| listeria monocytogenes meningitis associated with eating soft cheese. | a 36-year-old woman became ill with meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes. she had eaten soft cheese from which a similar organism was isolated. | 1987 | 3117894 |
| dna probes. fruits of the new biotechnology. | the emergence of recombinant dna technology in the 1970s has given rise to new diagnostic techniques based on dna probes. the food and drug administration's interest in these probes stems from its regulatory responsibilities regarding dna probes as medical devices. the agency also sees dna probes as valuable tools in meeting its mission of identifying, preventing, and resolving public health problems, especially in the area of food safety. the development of dna probes for genetic diseases is ra ... | 1987 | 3118062 |
| [human listeriosis infections in west germany, 1969-1985]. | 296 strains of listeria monocytogenes have been submitted for confirmation and further studies to the listeria reference laboratory at the institute of hygiene in würzburg, federal republic of germany. they have been isolated between 1969 and 1985 from human cases in the federal republic and west berlin. the results of an analysis of the respective cases are presented here on the basis of questionnaires. a steady increase of listeria isolations has been noted during the past few years. the large ... | 1987 | 3118601 |
| antimicrobial activity of lysozyme against bacteria involved in food spoilage and food-borne disease. | egg white lysozyme was demonstrated to have antibacterial activity against organisms of concern in food safety, including listeria monocytogenes and certain strains of clostridium botulinum. we also found that the food spoilage thermophile clostridium thermosaccharolyticum was highly susceptible to lysozyme and confirmed that the spoilage organisms bacillus stearothermophilus and clostridium tyrobutyricum were also extremely sensitive. several gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens isolated f ... | 1987 | 3118808 |