| cryptosporidiosis associated with bacterial enteritis in a goat kid. | a 7-day-old male nubian-alpine crossbred goat was examined because of listlessness, anorexia, and diarrhea. the presumptive diagnosis was severe enteritis. large numbers of clostridium perfringens and a non-pathogenic heavily encapsulated escherichia coli were isolated from the feces. cryptosporidium parvum was identified on the qualitative fecal examination. the kid improved after treatment with fluids and antibiotics. | 1987 | 3301766 |
| clinical evaluation of the vitek ani card for identification of anaerobic bacteria. | an evaluation of the vitek anaerobe identification (ani) card was performed with 341 bacterial isolates, including 313 clinical isolates and 28 stock strains of anaerobic microorganisms. identifications obtained with the ani card were compared with those determined by conventional methods. the card identified 73.2% of 149 anaerobic gram-negative bacilli, 63.6% of 44 clostridium spp., 65.8% of 38 anaerobic nonsporeforming gram-positive bacilli, and 69.1% of 110 anaerobic cocci, with no further te ... | 1988 | 3343321 |
| beta-glucuronidase activity related to bacterial growth in common bile duct bile in gallstone patients. | beta-glucuronidase activity in the bile may be of importance in the etiology of pigment gallstones. this enzyme is of hepatic or bacterial origin. we have described a method to measure the activity of bacterial beta-glucuronidase in human bile, using 4-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid as substrate. the method was used to measure the beta-glucuronidase activity in the bile from 51 patients with gallstone disease. this activity was related to the presence of beta-glucuronidase-producin ... | 1988 | 3344403 |
| characterization of the dermal lesions induced by a purified protein from toxigenic pasteurella multocida. | the dermonecrotic effect of purified pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) was studied sequentially in guinea pigs and rats. the skin reaction was initially an acute inflammatory reaction, with edema and emigration of neutrophils and a few eosinophils and diapedesis of some erythrocytes. four hours after intracutaneous injection the vessels were congested and thrombocytes were focally attached to the endothelial wall. twenty-four h after the injection the inflammatory reaction appeared more severe a ... | 1988 | 3345248 |
| spontaneous gas gangrene at a site of remote injury--localization due to circulating antitoxin. | | 1988 | 3348030 |
| [gas gangrene of the orbit]. | this case report describes a penetrating injury of the orbit damaging the inferior division of the oculomotor nerve and causing a clostridium perfringens inflammation of the orbit within 24 hours. | 1988 | 3361788 |
| evaluation of elisa, rpla, and vero cell assays for detecting clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in faecal specimens. | three hundred and ninety two faecal specimens from 70 separate outbreaks of suspected clostridium perfringens food poisoning were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), reversed passive latex agglutination (rpla), and vero cell assays for the presence of enterotoxin. although the most time consuming method, elisa was the most specific and reproducible. rpla was slightly more sensitive than elisa, but it showed some non-specific reactions. the vero cell assay was the least sensiti ... | 1988 | 3366934 |
| human and bovine coronaviruses recognize sialic acid-containing receptors similar to those of influenza c viruses. | human coronavirus oc43 and bovine coronavirus elute from agglutinated chicken erythrocytes when incubated at 37 degrees c, suggesting the presence of a receptor-destroying enzyme. moreover, bovine coronavirus exhibits an acetylesterase activity in vitro using bovine submaxillary mucin as substrate similar to the enzymatic activity found in influenza c viruses. furthermore, pretreatment of erythrocytes with either influenza c virus or bovine coronavirus eliminates subsequent binding and agglutina ... | 1988 | 3380803 |
| the effects of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin on intracellular levels or transport of uridine, thymidine and leucine do not fully explain enterotoxin-induced inhibition of macromolecular synthesis in vero cells. | clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin (cpe) has been shown previously to inhibit the incorporation of radiolabeled precursors into acid-insoluble material but the mechanism of inhibition is unknown. it has also been shown that extracellular calcium is required for some cpe effects. in this report, it is shown that cpe completely and virtually simultaneously inhibits incorporation of precursors into rna, dna and protein in either the presence or absence of extracellular divalent cations and ... | 1988 | 3382398 |
| recovery of anaerobic bacteria from clinical specimens in 12 years at two military hospitals. | examination of 15,844 clinical specimens submitted over 12 years (1973 to 1985) to the anaerobic microbiology laboratories in two military hospitals demonstrated the recovery of anaerobic bacteria in 4,458 (28.1%) specimens. the specimens yielded 6,557 anaerobic isolates (1.47 isolates per specimen). bacteroides spp. accounted for 43% of all isolates; anaerobic gram-positive cocci, 26%; clostridium spp., 7%; and fusobacterium spp., 4%. bacteroides spp. predominated in abscesses, obstetrical and ... | 1988 | 3384929 |
| detection of clostridium perfringens beta toxin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of clostridium perfringens beta toxin in intestinal contents has been developed by a modification of the method reported for epsilon toxin. although the test results for beta and epsilon toxins cannot be directly compared, lower levels of beta toxin were generally demonstrated in the samples examined. the use of the elisa for beta toxin in conjunction with that for epsilon toxin allows the differential diagnosis of c perfringens type ... | 1988 | 3387684 |
| the second component of human complement: use of glycosidases and glucosylation to distinguish the two forms. | the two forms of human plasma c2 that were described in the preceding report (1) were investigated for their functional and biochemical differences. incubation with the neuraminidase (nan'dase) of clostridium perfringens at 37 degrees c resulted in a four- to fivefold increase in the hemolytic activity of both forms. the increase in activity was different than the increase caused by treatment with iodine. the mechanism of increased activity of nan'dase-treated c2 was the generation of increased ... | 1988 | 3391637 |
| hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the management of clostridium perfringens infections. | patients with clostridium perfringens infections treated in christchurch over a 14 year period to 1984 were reviewed retrospectively. of the 46 documented cases, 21 died. twenty-nine patients were treated with hyperbaric oxygen (hbo) therapy. of these, nine died, whilst 12 of 17 other patients who did not receive hbo died, including five in whom the diagnosis was only made at postmortem. the clinical features and predisposing factors for clostridial infections are discussed. the importance of ea ... | 1986 | 3462561 |
| increased diacylglycerol levels inhibit [20-3h]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding and the glucocorticoid-mediated increase in glycerol phosphate phosphate dehydrogenase levels in c6 rat glioma cells. | i examined whether the phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpdh) induction could be mimicked by raising the cellular diacylglycerol levels. phorbol ester tumor promoters and diacylglycerols activate protein kinase c. an increase in radiolabeled diacylglycerol levels in c6 rat glioma cells was observed when cells were prelabeled overnight with [3h]arachidonic acid and treated with either phospholipase c (clostridium perfringens) or 2-bromooctanoate. the increa ... | 1987 | 3467028 |
| surface charge of resident, elicited, and activated mouse peritoneal macrophages. | the surface charge of resident, thioglycollate-elicited, and trypanosoma cruzi-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages was analyzed using cell electrophoresis. all macrophages had a net negative surface charge. activated macrophages had a lower zeta potential and a higher isoelectrophoretic point than resident and elicited macrophages. the populations of resident, elicited, and activated macrophages were heterogeneous in terms of surface charge. the analysis of the effect of the ph of the solutio ... | 1987 | 3468193 |
| comparative serum bactericidal activity against test anaerobes in volunteers receiving imipenem, clindamycin, latamoxef and metronidazole. | ten healthy volunteers received on separate days the following regimens: imipenem 500 mg, clindamycin 600 mg, latamoxef 1 g, and metronidazole 500 mg. the antibiotics were given intravenously as an infusion over 15 min. blood samples were obtained before and 30 min, 1 and 6 h after the start of the infusion. serum bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities were measured against the following strains of strict anaerobes: two strains of bacteroides fragilis, one strain each of b. vulgatus, b. thet ... | 1987 | 3471750 |
| in vitro activity of imipenem against gram-positive anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of imipenem, a new penem antibiotic, was determined against 210 clinical gram-positive anaerobic isolates and compared with the activities of metronidazole, clindamycin, cefoxitin, moxalactam, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone and cefotiam. all investigated strains were inhibited by a 4-mg/l concentration of imipenem. cefoxitin demonstrated good activity against most strains with exception of some clostridium difficile and clostridium ramosum strains. cephalosporins were classed in ... | 1987 | 3473047 |
| bacteremia and fungemia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | forty-nine episodes of bacteremia and fungemia occurred in 38 of 336 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome seen at our institution since 1980. there were five types of infections. infections commonly associated with a t-cell immunodeficiency disorder comprised 16 episodes and included those with salmonella species, listeria monocytogenes, cryptococcus neoformans, and histoplasma capsulatum. infections commonly associated with a b-cell immunodeficiency disorder included those with ... | 1986 | 3485396 |
| in vitro activity of flurithromycin, a novel macrolide antibiotic. | flurithromycin is an (8,s)-8-fluoroerythromycin isolated from the fermentation broth of streptomyces erythraeus atcc 31772, a blocked mutant of a strain producer of erythromycin. its in vitro antibacterial activity has been determined on recent clinical isolates of respiratory pathogens. the range of mic for streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus beta-haemolyticus group a is from 0.0015 to 0.006 microgram/ml, for haemophilus influenzae from 0.012 to 0.4 microgram/ml, for staphylococcus aureu ... | 1986 | 3487389 |
| inactivation of cefoxitin and moxalactam by bacteroides bivius beta-lactamase. | moxalactam and cefoxitin are known for their high stability against bacteroides beta-lactamases. we investigated the beta-lactamase activity of crude extracts obtained from three strains of bacteroides bivius and two strains of bacteroides fragilis against cefoxitin and moxalactam. in a spectrophotometric antibiotic assay with a 24-h incubation period, b. bivius extracts decreased the initial concentration (10 micrograms/ml) of moxalactam and cefoxitin by 60%, whereas b. fragilis extracts had no ... | 1986 | 3492177 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of t-2588, a new oral cephalosporin, compared with those of other oral beta-lactam antibiotics. | t-2588, the pivaloyloxymethyl ester of t-2525, [6r, 7r]-7-[(z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetoamido] -3- [(5-methyl-2h-tetrazol-2-yl)methyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid, is a new oral cephalosporin. t-2525 had a widely expanded antibacterial spectrum against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. t-2525 was more active in vitro than cefaclor, cephalexin, and amoxicillin against members of the family enterobacteriaceae and branhamella catarrhalis. moreover, it exhibited superior in ... | 1987 | 3499115 |
| [effect of components of curing mixtures on the antagonistic properties of enterococci and other bacteria isolated from cured meat]. | effect of sodium chloride, glucose, sodium glutamate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium nitraite, ascorbic acid, sodium citrate, polyphosphates (hamine) on antagonistic activity of enterococci and various bacteria isolated from cured meat against bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, salmonella typhi-murium, salmonella cholerae-suis, staphylococcus aureus, clostridium botulinum type a, clostridium botulinum type b, clostridium botulinum type e, clostridium bifermentans, clostridium perfrin ... | 1987 | 3506173 |
| relationships between rotavirus diarrhea and intestinal microflora establishment in conventional and gnotobiotic mice. | intestinal microflora did not play a role in the intensity or course of edim rotavirus-induced diarrhea, since similar results were observed in axenic and conventional mice. in conventional mice, rotavirus-induced diarrhea did not modify the establishment of lactobacillus spp. and escherichia coli before weaning. the consequences of diarrhea on the establishment of strictly anaerobic bacteria after weaning were studied through the measurement of two bacterial functions, the microbial barrier eff ... | 1986 | 3519657 |
| [detection of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in the feces of patients--a method for improving detection of food poisoning]. | | 1986 | 3535264 |
| evaluation of in vitro predictive tests for irritation and allergic sensitization. | investigations of in vitro procedures to predict the potential of substances as skin irritants and as allergens inducing delayed hypersensitivity (contact dermatitis) are described, with indications of possible advances and known limitations. the examination of keratome slices of skin for release of enzymes, for changed histochemistry and for utilization of radioisotope-labelled amino acids will detect weak irritants but is of doubtful value for moderate irritants and will detect corrosive subst ... | 1986 | 3536690 |
| some aspects of the occurrence of resistant bacteria in the normal animal flora. | the paper outlines some of the problems encountered in assessing the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in the normal flora of animals, using escherichia coli as an example. additional information is provided on the occurrence and mechanisms of resistance in clostridium perfringens, pasteurella haemolytica and staphylococcus aureus, and some of the factors which may affect this resistance. the paper concludes with general considerations about the choice of organism, the sample size and the desi ... | 1986 | 3542933 |
| treatment of surgical infections with a modern quinolone: therapy of soft tissue infections and pneumonia with ofloxacin. | a randomized, open, prospective study including 45 patients with either soft tissue infections (29 cases) or pneumonia (15 cases) after surgical intervention and one case having both indications was carried out with ofloxacin. the standard dose was 200 mg ofloxacin b. i. d. in most cases, clinical symptoms, such as fever, rubor, swelling and pain in soft tissue infections, as well as fever, dyspnoea, physical and radiological signs for pneumonia, subsided within two to seven days. laboratory dat ... | 1986 | 3546148 |
| bacterial drug resistance in meat animals: a review. | prolonged oral or parenteral administration of antibiotics has led to the development of resistant strains of microorganisms. bacteria acquire drug resistance by mutation, conjugation and transduction. oral antibiotics by a process of selection pressure facilitate the proliferation of resistant population of bacteria. drug resistant bacteria are capable of transferring their resistance to drugs to other bacteria by the process of transferable drug resistance (tdr). this can lead to multiple resi ... | 1986 | 3549599 |
| bacterial meningitis and diseases caused by bacterial toxins. | bacterial meningitis most commonly occurs in young calves secondary to septicemia. clinical signs of hyperirritability are usually seen. meningitis can be confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid analysis and culture or by necropsy. intoxications by the exotoxins of clostridium perfringens types c and d, c. botulinum, and c. tetani are difficult to confirm. the clinical signs of these intoxications vary from flaccid paralysis (botulism) to muscular rigidity (tetanus). treatment of affected cattle has be ... | 1987 | 3552152 |
| massive acute hemolysis secondary to clostridium perfringens sepsis in a recently transfused oncology patient with multiple alloantibodies. | sepsis with clostridia species is seen infrequently in oncology patients, and the massive acute intravascular hemolysis known to be associated with these organisms is rare. the urgency of making the diagnosis of clostridial sepsis is imperative since the course is rapidly fatal if untreated. we describe a patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, known to have recent transfusions as well as multiple red cell alloantibodies, who developed massive nonimmunologic hemolysis associated ... | 1987 | 3561329 |
| clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin induces release of noradrenaline from the neurosecretory pc12 cell line. | clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin(500 ng/ml) induced extensive release of noradrenaline (1/3-2/3 of the total cell content) from pc12 cells in 2-4 min in the presence, but not the absence of extracellular ca2+. cells treated with toxin in the absence of ca2+ released noradrenaline promptly on subsequent addition of ca2+ to the medium. the amount of noradrenaline released depended on the concentrations of both ca2+ and toxin in the medium (ed50, 0.3 mm and 420 ng/ml respectively). ca2+ c ... | 1987 | 3579904 |
| effect of water coagulation by seeds of moringa oleifera on bacterial concentrations. | the effects of a sudanese water purification method traditionally used in sudan to treat turbid waters were studied with respect to turbidity reduction and removal of faecal indicator bacteria as well as selected enteric bacterial pathogens. water treatment was performed at 30 degrees c with moringa oleifera seed material as a coagulant, and the technique employed corresponded closely to that used to clarify turbid water in sudanese villages. a turbidity reduction of 80.0-99.5% paralleled by a p ... | 1987 | 3586089 |
| phospholipase c and the physical states of polar head groups of lipids. | activity of phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens on liposomes made from sn-3-phosphatidylcholine, dimyristoyl (dmpc), dipalmitoyl (dppc) or distearoyl (dspc) was measured at various temperatures and was correlated with their gel/liquid-crystalline phase transitions (tc:23, 41.5, 52 degrees c for dmpc, dppc, dspc, respectively). in all cases, the activity of phospholipase c was high in the gel phases of the substrates and was almost zero in their liquid-crystalline phases. fluorescence de ... | 1987 | 3599067 |
| bacterial survey of well water--tehran, iran. | one hundred twenty-one wells throughout the city of tehran were monitored during the four seasons of the year for the presence of bacterial indicators of fecal pollution. none of the sites monitored was connected to tehran's main water distribution system but represented drinking water sources for small communities, individual factories, hospitals, etc. only 17 samples showed no indication of fecal bacterial contamination throughout the study. the remaining sites were positive for at least one o ... | 1987 | 3608933 |
| epizootic necrotic enteritis in wild geese. | outbreaks of a disease characterized by severe necrotic enteritis occurred among canada geese (branta canadensis), lesser snow geese (anser caerulescens), ross' geese (a. rossi), and white-fronted geese (a. albifrons) on lakes in saskatchewan and manitoba during the autumn of 1983, 1984 and 1985. ducks using the lakes were apparently not affected. lesions in the geese closely resembled those described in enteritides in other species associated with the proliferation of clostridium perfringens in ... | 1987 | 3625893 |
| delayed postbacteremic prosthetic joint infection. | deep infection of a prosthetic joint is a devastating complication. one proposed mechanism of late prosthetic joint infection involves hematogenous spread from an extraarticular focus of infection. two cases clearly demonstrate hematogenously acquired prosthetic joint infections, one caused by clostridium perfringens and the other by streptococcus pneumoniae. these cases were unusual in that a long asymptomatic period intervened between the primary bacteremic illness and the subsequent prostheti ... | 1987 | 3652575 |
| surface localization of sialic acid on actinomyces viscosus. | this study reports the presence of sialic acid in actinomyces viscosus strains t14v and t14av. mild acid hydrolysis of whole organisms released a compound which reacted positively in the periodate-thiobarbituric acid, direct ehrlich's and resorcinol assays, and which co-chromatographed on paper with authentic n-acetylneuraminic acid. strain t14v contained 10-fold greater concentrations of sialic acid than did strain t14av. sialic acid content was dependent upon the stage of growth of the culture ... | 1986 | 3655719 |
| the influence of various bacteria on the cecal mucosa of monoflora chickens infected with eimeria tenella. a scanning electron microscopic study. | monoflora chickens were established at the age of 2 days by an oral inoculation of one of six species of bacteria (lactobacillus acidophilus, bifidobacterium thermophilum, bacteroides vulgatus, clostridium perfringens, escherichia coli, or streptococcus faecalis). two days later the chickens were infected with eimeria tenella (5 x 10(4) oocytes per bird). there were four groups: uninfected birds as controls, the birds infected with either bacteria or e. tenella alone, and the birds infected with ... | 1987 | 3673342 |
| the in-vitro activity of doxycycline and minocycline against anaerobic bacteria. | the likelihood of bacterial resistance now prevents the use of oxytetracycline in the empirical therapy of anaerobic infections. this study investigates the in-vitro activity of two semi-synthetic derivatives, doxycycline and minocycline, against a range of anaerobic bacteria. mics for each antibiotic were determined by an agar incorporation technique. doxycycline and minocycline were four to eight times more active against the majority of strains than oxytetracycline. with the exception of bact ... | 1987 | 3680075 |
| anaerobic bacteremia in a general hospital: retrospective five-year analysis. | anaerobic bacteremia (116 cases) represented 5.4% of the total cases of bacteremia in the hospital nuestra señora de covadonga of oviedo, spain, during a five-year period (1981-1985). microbiologic data for all 116 cases and clinical data for 63 patients were analyzed. a total of 129 isolates were identified as gram-negative bacilli (45.7%), gram-positive bacilli (38.0%), gram-positive cocci (14.0%), and gram-negative cocci (2.3%). bacteroides fragilis and clostridium perfringens were the most f ... | 1987 | 3685759 |
| beta-glucuronidase-producing bacteria in bile from the common bile duct in patients treated with endoscopic papillotomy for gallstone disease. | this paper reports the occurrence of beta-glucuronidase-producing bacteria in the bile in gallstone patients treated with endoscopic papillotomy (ept). the study included 36 patients--18 women and 18 men, aged 43-87 years, with a median of 72.5 years. bile sampling was done with an endoscopic technique. all bacterial strains were tested for beta-glucuronidase activity with a rapid chromogenic tablet test, using 4-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucuronic acid as substrate. bacterial growth was found in the ... | 1986 | 3715393 |
| bacteria in enteric lesions of horses. | thirty-three species of bacteria were isolated from the gastrointestinal mucosa of 23 adult horses and two foals. the bacteria isolated could be related to gross and microscopical lesions in some cases. clostridium perfringens type a, actinobacillus equuli, salmonella typhimurium and campylobacter coli biotype 1 could all be associated with gastrointestinal lesions. c jejuni biotype 1 and aeromonas hydrophila were both recovered in this study and have been identified as causes of enteritis in ho ... | 1986 | 3716108 |
| effect of phospholipase c on high-molecular-mass alkaline phosphatase in serum. | electrophoresis of some serum samples on polyacrylamide gel, followed by staining for alkaline phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.1), produces a band of activity at the gel origin. this high-mr band consists of liver membrane fragments containing alkaline phosphatase and other enzymes. alkaline phosphatase is closely associated with phosphatidylinositol in liver plasma membranes, and we have found that phospholipase c (ec 3.1.4.3) from bacillus cereus, known to possess some phosphatidylinositol specificity, ... | 1986 | 3731443 |
| excitatory effect of clostridium perfringens alpha toxin on the rat isolated aorta. | clostridium perfringens alpha toxin caused contraction of the isolated aorta of the rat in a dose-dependent manner. the contractile action caused by the toxin was inhibited or abolished by calcium antagonists such as nifedipine, verapamil and cinnarizine, or a ca-free medium, but was not affected by phentolamine, chlorpheniramine, atropine, tetrodotoxin or a low na medium. the toxin stimulated ca uptake into the aorta in a dose-dependent manner. 8-n,n'-diethylaminooctyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate ... | 1986 | 3742149 |
| fecal bacterial microflora of newborn infants during intensive care management and treatment with five antibiotic regimens. | aerobic and anaerobic fecal bacterial flora of normal newborn infants, of preterm newborn infants without other health problems and of five groups of newborn infants treated with combinations of benzylpenicillin, cloxacillin, flucloxacillin, ampicillin, cefuroxime, cefoxitin and gentamicin were compared. preterm birth alone was associated with growth of klebsiella which could be attributed to a higher rate of cesarean section in preterm than in term infants. all antibiotic regimens led to a pron ... | 1986 | 3763418 |
| effects of ca2+ and other cations on the action of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | we investigated the role of extracellular ca2+ in the clostridium perfringens enterotoxin-induced alteration of the permeability of the plasma membrane. enterotoxin released 86rb and 51cr from the vero cells preloaded with the isotope. in the presence of egta, however, it released 86rb but not 51cr. the binding of enterotoxin to the cells was not influenced by ca2+ or mg2+. the effects of various cations on the enterotoxin-induced 51cr release was also studied. the release depended on extracellu ... | 1986 | 3768429 |
| glycosphingolipid patterns of the gastrointestinal tract and feces of germ-free and conventional rats. | acid and non-acid glycosphingolipids of stomach, small and large intestine, and stimulated feces of germ-free and conventional rats of the same stain have been isolated and characterized. the glycosphingolipid patterns of the intestinal organs were chemically and immunologically very similar between the two groups of rats and relatively unaffected by the presence of an intestinal microbial flora. the major exception was the presence of hematoside with n-glycoloylneuraminic acid (neugc) (neugc al ... | 1986 | 3771576 |
| t-cryptantigen exposure in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. | sixty-two infants with necrotizing enterocolitis were prospectively evaluated for evidence of the thomson-friedenreich cryptantigen (tca) on their red cell surfaces. the tca is exposed when bacterially derived neuraminidase acts on the surface of the red cells, cleaving off the n-acetylneuraminic acid, which hides the antigen. seventeen patients (27%) had red cell tca exposure as demonstrated by agglutination of their red cells by peanut lectin. this test is a simple agglutination procedure, whi ... | 1986 | 3794983 |
| primary action of clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin on hela and vero cells in the absence of extracellular calcium: rapid and characteristic changes in membrane permeability. | clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin bound rapidly to hela and vero cells in the absence of extracellular ca2+ at 37 degrees c. the bound toxin rapidly (within 2 min) caused influx of na+ and efflux of k+ and mg2+. changes in membrane permeability occurred in the absence or presence of extracellular ca2+ and to the similar extents at 37 degrees c and 4 degrees c, in contrast to the subsequent bleb and balloon formation, which required both extracellular ca2+ and incubation at 37 degrees c. ... | 1986 | 3801019 |
| effect of phospholipase c on the binding of alpha-bungarotoxin to isolated plasma membranes of rat skeletal muscle. | sarcolemmal membranes were isolated from hindlimb muscles of the rat and the specific binding of [125i]alpha-bungarotoxin to the membranes was determined. incubation of the membranes with a purified preparation of phospholipase c (ex clostridium perfringens) increased the specific binding of the toxin (bmax). the apparent dissociation constant (kd) for the binding was unchanged by treatment with the enzyme. the possibility that latent acetylcholine receptors exist in muscle sarcolemma, and that ... | 1986 | 3808468 |
| release of the 120 kda component of the mouse neural cell adhesion molecule n-cam from cell surfaces by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c. | to study the membrane anchoring of the 120 kda component of the neural cell adhesion molecule n-cam, the smallest form lacking a transmembrane domain, cultured mouse neural cells were treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from staphylococcus aureus. when live cultures of astrocytes and neurons are treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c, n-cam120 is released into the supernatant. under these conditions n-cam140 and n-cam180 are not released. phospholipase ... | 1986 | 3822237 |
| comparative activity of the quinolones against anaerobic bacteria isolated at community hospitals. | the in vitro activity of five quinolone compounds, amoxicillin, and clindamycin against 118 strains of anaerobic bacteria isolated at community hospitals was determined by an agar dilution method. nalidixic acid and cinoxacin had poor activity, and norfloxacin and enoxacin showed relatively poor activity. ciprofloxacin was active against bacteroides fragilis, fusobacterium species, clostridium perfringens, and gram-positive cocci. at peak levels achievable in the feces, norfloxacin and enoxacin ... | 1985 | 3847273 |
| the effect of pigbel vaccine. | | 1985 | 3862309 |
| establishment of mics of moxalactam for control and reference anaerobic organisms in agar dilution and microdilution techniques. | the mics of moxalactam were determined for eight national committee for clinical laboratory standards control and reference strains and for fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953 by agar and microdilution techniques. the recommended mic for the control strain bacteroides fragilis in both agar and microdilution tests is 0.5 micrograms/ml. recommended mics for bacteroides thetaiotaomicron atcc 29741 and clostridium perfringens atcc 13124 by agar dilution are 8 and 0.063 micrograms/ml, respectively. th ... | 1985 | 3888103 |
| comparison of immune response stimulated in sheep, rabbits and guinea pigs by the administration of multi-component clostridial vaccines. | over 3 years, the immunogenic responses of various batches of multi-component clostridial vaccines in sheep, rabbits and guinea pigs were compared. fully susceptible healthy sheep were found to be more suitable than rabbits or guinea pigs for testing the potency of multi-component clostridial vaccines containing clostridium novyi type b, c. perfringens type d, c. septicum and c. tetani, and recommendations are made that sheep are the preferred species for testing the potency of clostridial vacci ... | 1985 | 3896219 |
| in vitro activity of imipenem against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of imipenem, metronidazole, clindamycin, moxalactam, and cefoxitin against 203 strains of anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients at the veterans administration wadsworth medical center in los angeles was studied. imipenem and metronidazole were the most active agents overall, inhibiting 98% and 99%, respectively, of all anaerobes tested. at breakpoint levels all of the agents tested were very active against anaerobic cocci. clostridium perfringens, and bacteroides specie ... | 1985 | 3901206 |
| protection of the nursing pig against experimentally induced enteric colibacillosis by vaccination of dam with fimbrial antigens of e coli (k88, k99 and 987p). | pregnant gilts were vaccinated with two doses of alhydrogel adsorbed fimbrial antigens of escherichia coli (k88ab, k88ac, k99 and 987p) supplemented with beta toxoid of clostridium perfringens type c. their piglets, and piglets of nonvaccinated gilts, were subsequently orogastrically challenged with one or other of the four fimbrial types of enteropathogenic e coli. some of the vaccinated animals were reinjected with a single dose of the vaccine during second gestation and their piglets, and pig ... | 1985 | 3907113 |
| enterotoxemia in neonatal calves. | the incidence, bacterial characteristics, disease syndromes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of enterotoxemia of neonatal calves caused by clostridium perfringens (types a, b, c, d, and e) are reviewed. | 1985 | 3907784 |
| microbiological aspects of goat's milk. a public health laboratory service survey. | in a 12-month survey (june 1982-may 1983) 41 laboratories examined 2493 samples of goat's milk for colony counts and the presence of pathogens. the statutory tests for cow's milk were also applied. surface counts of less than 10(5) organisms per ml of raw milk were given by 79% of samples at 37 degrees c and by 76% at 22 degrees c. there were less than 100 coliforms per ml in 71% of samples, less than 10 escherichia coli per ml in 91%. staphylococcus aureus was not detected in countable numbers ... | 1985 | 3919086 |
| the amino acid sequence of the enterotoxin from clostridium perfringens type a. | the amino acid sequence of the enterotoxin from clostridium perfringens type a was determined by analysis of peptides derived from the protein by digestion with trypsin chymotrypsin, thermolysin, pepsin, a lysine-specific protease. s. aureus v8 protease and a proline-specific protease, and fragments generated by cleavage with cyanogen bromide or by dilute acetic acid in 7 m guanidine hcl. the sequence which is complete except for the definite order of 3 small peptides between residues 88 and 103 ... | 1985 | 3920076 |
| effects of the antitumor drug adriamycin on human red blood cell discocyte-echinocyte transitions. | the antitumor drug adriamycin, when preincubated with human red blood cells (discocytes) for 10 min, prevented the formation of echinocytes induced by the calcium ionophore a23187 in the presence of 0.2 mm calcium. the degree of protection was concentration dependent and was greater than 90% at 10 microm adriamycin. adriamycin did not interfere with the accumulation of calcium induced by a 5 microm concentration of the ionophore. adriamycin reversed echinocyte morphology to the discocyte form in ... | 1985 | 3928145 |
| similar effects of phospholipase c and phorbol ester tumor promoters on primary mouse epidermal cells. | interaction of tumor promoting phorbol esters with specific high affinity receptors is probably essential for many of the biological responses elicited by these agents. since diacylglycerols which can be produced enzymatically from phospholipids by phospholipase c are postulated to be the physiological ligands for the phorbol ester receptor, we have examined primary cultures of mouse epidermal basal cells exposed to phospholipase c (clostridium perfringens) for several biological and biochemical ... | 1985 | 3931907 |
| evolution and epidemiology of mls resistance. | within the framework of this symposium, it is not feasible to present an exhaustive description of the present state of knowledge regarding the sensitivity and resistance of bacterial species to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins (mls). this paper is limited to a description of the evolution of different types of resistance in the light of decisive factors described in previous papers, in order to deduce, if at all possible, trends in future strategy in therapeutics. only acquired resis ... | 1985 | 3932300 |
| effects of 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on adhesiveness and lung-colonizing ability of lewis lung carcinoma cells. | the potent tumor promoter 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) enhanced the adherence of low-metastatic lewis lung carcinoma cells (p-29) to the surface of plastic culture dishes and to monolayers of endothelial cells. this effect was transient, being apparent within 15 min and maximal within 1 h after treatment with tpa. biologically active analogues of tpa and mezerein also enhanced attachment of p-29 cells, whereas inactive analogues of tpa did not. tpa-treated p-29 cells formed many mo ... | 1986 | 3940203 |
| agar medium for gas-liquid chromatography of anaerobes. | this study evaluates a method of performing gas-liquid chromatography (glc) by direct extraction of fatty acids from agar for identification of clinically significant anaerobic bacteria. the potential use of agar cultures for glc was studied by comparing chromatograms of 117 clinically isolated anaerobes grown in peptone yeast glucose broth and chopped meat carbohydrate broth, and on enriched brucella blood agar. for 98 of 117 anaerobes, fatty acid patterns from agar cultures were similar to tho ... | 1986 | 3940426 |
| distant nontraumatic clostridial myonecrosis and malignancy. | distant nontraumatic clostridial myonecrosis in association with malignancy is an uncommon disorder, with only 14 well-documented cases previously reported in the english literature. clostridium perfringens and c. septicum are the most common organisms, usually gaining access to the circulation through an ulcerated lesion of the small bowel or colon. a case report of this syndrome caused by c. histolyticum is presented with a review of the literature. | 1986 | 3943020 |
| opportunistic infections in hysterectomy-derived, barrier-maintained guinea pigs. | guineapigs were rederived by hysterectomy and associated with a colonization-resistant enteric microflora (crf) of mouse origin to establish a strict barrier-maintained breeding colony. infections were suspected in 55 of 209 animals autopsied. from 65 of 67 tissue samples selected for bacteriological examination 167 isolates, belonging to 16 usually non-pathogenic bacterial species or groups, were isolated mostly from cases of mastitis, typhlitis, enteritis, otitis media and pneumonia. faecal st ... | 1986 | 3951194 |
| novel fucolipids of human adenocarcinoma: disialosyl lea antigen (iii4fuciii6neuaciv3neuaclc4) of human colonic adenocarcinoma and the monoclonal antibody (fh7) defining this structure. | a new fucoganglioside, disialosyl lea, has been found in the disialoganglioside fraction of human colonic adenocarcinoma. the ganglioside has been isolated from four other disialogangliosides by high-performance liquid chromatography followed by preparative high-performance thin-layer chromatography. the structure of the antigen was characterized by its conversion to lactofucopentaosyl(ii)ceramide (lea-active ceramide pentasaccharide), methylation analysis, and high-mass range electron-impact as ... | 1986 | 3957932 |
| gas gangrene infection of the eyes and orbits. | the literature on clostridium perfringens infections is reviewed up to 1983. an additional case is reported with bilateral clostridial infections of the eye and orbit. one eye followed the classical course of relentless panophthalmitis, amaurosis, and orbital cellulitis ending in enucleation. the second eye contained intracameral mud and gas bubbles that were removed by vitrectomy instrumentation. subsequent removal of the toxic cataract resulted in a final aided visual acuity of 6/18, n8. this ... | 1985 | 3967002 |
| evaluation of broth microdilution susceptibility results for anaerobic organisms by use of a rapid direct colony inoculum. | a direct colony inoculum suspension procedure was compared with the overnight suspension procedure recommended for the broth microdilution anaerobic commercial system (micro-media systems, inc., potomac, md.). six national committee for clinical laboratory standards-recommended quality control organisms, bacteroides fragilis atcc 25285, clostridium perfringens atcc 13124, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron atcc 29741, bacteroides vulgatus atcc 29327, peptococcus magnus atcc 29328, peptococcus asacchar ... | 1985 | 3972999 |
| neuraminic acid is involved in the binding of influenza c virus to erythrocytes. | neuraminidases of both viral and bacterial origin have been reported to be unable to destroy the cellular receptor for influenza c virus on chicken erythrocytes, in contrast to the receptors for influenza a and b virus. however, under appropriate conditions neuraminidases from both vibrio cholerae and clostridium perfringens were able (i) to make chicken red blood cells resistant against agglutination by influenza c virus and (ii) to reduce the hemagglutination-inhibiting activity of rat serum. ... | 1985 | 3976175 |
| comparative in vitro activity of cefbuperazone against anaerobic bacteria isolated from community hospitals. | the activity of cefbuperazone against 266 strains of anaerobic bacteria was determined by the agar dilution method and compared with cefoxitin, moxalactam, piperacillin, and clindamycin. all strains were recent clinical isolates from community hospitals. all agents tested showed good activity against bacteroides fragilis, fusobacterium spp., propionibacterium spp., clostridium septicum, clostridium perfringens, and the anaerobic, gram-positive cocci and gram-negative cocci. cefbuperazone, cefoxi ... | 1985 | 3985600 |
| sialidase activity in the sera of patients and rabbits with clostridial myonecrosis. | the origin and nature of gas gangrene can be diagnosed exactly only by time-consuming bacteriological tests. in order to improve the diagnostic procedures, rabbits were infected with strains of clostridium perfringens, clostridium septicum or clostridium sordellii. sialidase activity was found to increase rapidly in serum; elevated creatine kinase activities were observed, too. high sialidase concentrations were found in sera (up to 1.6 mu/ml) and in tissues of wounded regions (up to 110 mu/g) o ... | 1985 | 3987045 |
| assessment of head-space gas-liquid chromatography for the rapid detection of growth in blood cultures. | blood for transfusion was inoculated with between 10(0) and 10(2) colony-forming units (cfu) per ml of each of 59 microbial isolates and added to cooked meat broth. at intervals up to 72 h incubation, the cultures were examined by conventional visual inspection and automated head-space gas-liquid chromatography (hs-glc). forty-six isolates including all those examined of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, s. pneumoniae, s. faecalis, s. milleri, s. mitior, s. mitis, s. salivarius, s. ... | 1985 | 3988854 |
| vaccination of cows with clostridial antigens and passive transfer of clostridial antibodies from bovine colostrum to lambs. | two friesian cows were used to attempt to produce colostrum containing a high concentration of clostridial antibodies which could be fed to newborn lambs in order to passively transfer immunity to diseases caused by clostridia. one cow was given a commercial multicomponent clostridial sheep vaccine in two successive pregnancies and the second cow in one pregnancy. the first cow produced a low concentration of epsilon antitoxin (clostridium perfringens, type d) in its blood and colostrum after th ... | 1985 | 4002583 |
| effect of fecal pollution on vibrio parahaemolyticus densities in an estuarine environment. | vibrio parahaemolyticus densities in the narragansett bay, r.i., estuary were found to significantly correlate with the level of fecal pollution in the water. results of field investigations showed a definite association between the levels of this organism and those of escherichia coli, clostridium perfringens, and enterococci. densities of v. parahaemolyticus were greatest in the near-surface waters of contaminated areas and decreased sharply with both the distance from the sources of fecal pol ... | 1985 | 4004246 |
| determination of mercury and organomercurial resistance in obligate anaerobic bacteria. | a methodology for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of inorganic and organomercurial compounds for obligate anaerobic bacteria is described. a wide variation in the susceptibility of anaerobic clinical and sewage isolates was observed. isolates of bacteroides ruminicola and clostridium perfringens resistant to mercury were examined for their plasmid content and ability to demonstrate inducible resistance. none of the resistant anaerobes contained any plasmids, while resistant facu ... | 1985 | 4005712 |
| in vitro activity of sch 34343 and cefbuperazone against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activities of sch 34343, a new penem antibiotic, and cefbuperazone, a new cephamycin antibiotic, were determined against 459 clinical anaerobic bacterial isolates and compared with the activities of imipenem and cefoxitin, respectively, by an agar dilution method. both penems showed potent and similar activity against all anaerobic bacteria tested, particularly peptococcus spp., bacteroides fragilis, and clostridium perfringens. all organisms except a single strain of fusobacterium ... | 1985 | 4015069 |
| clinical and antibody responses to clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin in experimental sheep and calves. | clostridium perfringens type a live cultures or sonicated sporulating cells, all containing enterotoxin, were repeatedly inoculated into sheep and calves by the intraduodenal route over periods of 30 to 35 days. serum antibody to c. perfringens enterotoxin, tested by elisa, developed in four of seven sheep and in two of four calves. the titers ranged from 400 to 1600. the live organism introduced into the duodenum did not become established in the bacterial flora of the intestinal tract. | 1985 | 4016579 |
| the antagonism of tetracycline and ferric iron in vivo. | to test the hypothesis that the in-vivo antibiotic action of tetracycline might be affected by ferric iron and the enhancement of infection by ferric iron by tetracycline, the actions of intraperitoneal antibiotic and local ferric ammonium citrate, given separately and together, were measured in the dorsal skin of guinea-pigs bearing lesions due to staphylococci, streptococci, a proteus sp., an erysipelothrix sp., clostridium perfringens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aeromonas hydrophila and klebsiel ... | 1985 | 4020849 |
| activity of a peptidyl prodrug, alafosfalin, against anaerobic bacteria. | alafosfalin, an antibacterial phosphonodipeptide requiring peptide transport for activity, was tested for activity against clinical strains of anaerobic bacteria in peptide-free roche sensitivity test medium no. 5 agar. it was active against bacteroides spp., fusobacterium nucleatum, and clostridium perfringens but not against clostridium difficile. alafosfalin activity was antagonized by appropriate peptides. synergy was obtained with other cell wall-active antibiotics. | 1985 | 4026269 |
| susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to sch 34343 and other antibiotics. | the in-vitro activity of sch 34343 was evaluated against 137 strains of anaerobic bacteria by the agar dilution technique. sch 34343 was compared with imipenem, cefoxitin, latamoxef (moxalactam), clindamycin and metronidazole. organisms studied included the bacteroides fragilis group, other bacteroides spp., clostridium perfringens, cl. difficile, other clostridium spp. and anaerobic cocci. overall, sch 34343 and imipenem were significantly more active than the other antibiotics against most org ... | 1985 | 4030548 |
| clostridium difficile and clostridium perfringens in upper gut of infants with protracted diarrhoea. | | 1985 | 4056073 |
| characteristic manifestations of clostridium induced spontaneous gangrenous myositis. | spontaneous clostridial myonecrosis occurred in 30- and 69-year-old patients with pancytopenia (after treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia) and diabetes with neutropenia respectively. they presented with fever and sudden onset of pain plus tenderness in involved muscles. they rapidly deteriorated and died within hours after admission. a review of the literature for previous reports of this condition disclosed 31 additional cases. mean age of patients was 50 years, male to female ratio was 2.2 ... | 1985 | 4059870 |
| bacterial isolates from nsukka meat market: a zoonotic appraisal. | swabs collected from butchers hands, knives, tables and meat displayed for sale at nsukka meat market showed that every item screened was contaminated. bacteria isolated include streptococcus faecalis, coagulase positive staphylococcus, clostridium perfringens, brucella species, corynebacterium haemolyticum, proteus mirabilis, p. vulgaris, escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, enterobacter aerogenes, pseudomonas multophilia, p. rubescens and beta-haemolytic streptococci. the zoonotic or publ ... | 1985 | 4077409 |
| further studies on thymidine kinase: distribution pattern of the enzyme in bacteria. | various micro-organisms (131 strains of 73 species) were studied for their ability to produce thymidine kinase (tk; ec 2.7.1.21). taking the specific tk activity of escherichia coli k12 [specific activity of sonicated cell extracts 95-194 pmol min-1 (mg protein)-1] as 100%, the test organisms had the following relative specific tk activities. in the gram-positive cocci, staphylococcus aureus (21-84%) showed higher activity than staph. epidermidis (1-20%) and streptococcus (1-7%) except for one s ... | 1985 | 4093763 |
| effect of clostridium perfringens alpha toxin on the cardiovascular system of rats. | clostridium perfringens alpha toxin decreased heart rate, then elevated blood pressure, and finally caused some changes of electrocardiogram readings. the toxin decreased peripheral blood flow before blood pressure started to increase and the blood flow continued to decrease, without any affect on electrocardiogram readings, until the maximal pressure rise caused by the toxin. the toxin caused a rise in blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. on the other hand, anti-alpha toxin antiserum inhi ... | 1985 | 4095705 |
| iron compounds and resistance to infection. further experiments with clostridium welchii type a in vivo and in vitro. | | 1970 | 4097585 |
| further studies on m-components with antistreptolysin o activity. the inactivating effect on different oxygen-labile haemolysins. | | 1970 | 4098709 |
| the intestine and rheumatism. | | 1970 | 4099031 |
| microbiological monitoring of patients in hepatic failure with particular reference to extracorporeal porcine liver perfusion. | | 1971 | 4104444 |
| effect of phospholipases on the structure and function of mitochondria. | | 1971 | 4104710 |
| the effects of phospholipase c (clostridium perfringens) on purified myelin. | | 1971 | 4105605 |
| capsular polysaccharides of clostridium perfringens hobbs 5. | | 1971 | 4107160 |
| on the existence and the enzymic interconversion of the isozymes of alpha-galactosidase in human organs. | | 1971 | 4107889 |
| bacteriocins of clostridium perfringens. 2. studies on mode of action. | | 1971 | 4110002 |
| [the cellular antigens of cl. perfringens type a of different serological groups]. | | 1972 | 4112757 |
| skin distribution of clostridium welchii: use of iodophor as sporicidal agent. | | 1972 | 4113069 |
| the attachment of clostridium welchii (cl. perfringens) type c to intestinal villi of pigs. | | 1972 | 4113796 |
| on the nature of the presumed receptor for ige on mast cells. i. the effect of sialidase and phospholipase c treatment on the capacity of rat peritoneal cells to participate in ige-mediated, antigen-induced histamine release in vitro. | | 1973 | 4123282 |