| the use of methyl-substituted benzhydroxamic acids as structural probes of peroxidase substrate binding. | the interactions between cyanide-ligated horseradish peroxidase (isoenzyme c) and a series of monosubstituted methylbenzhydroxamic acids have been studied using proton nmr techniques, and compared with analogous data for benzhydroxamic acid itself. use of the methyl-substituted compounds in two-dimensional noe experiments provides additional data on the structure of the aromatic donor molecule binding site through identification of new noe connectivities with amino acid side-chains in the heme b ... | 1995 | 7758456 |
| new enhancers for the chemiluminescent peroxidase catalysed chemiluminescent oxidation of pyrogallol and purpurogallin. | the effects of various boronate compounds, 4-biphenylboronic acid, 4-bromobenzene-boronic acid, trans-4-(3-propionic acid)phenylboronic acid and 4-iodophenylboronic acid, on the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) catalysed chemiluminescent oxidation of pyrogallol and purpurogallin by peroxide were investigated. trans-4-(3-propionic acid)phenylboronic acid produced a 13.7-fold enhancement in the peak light emission from the chemiluminescent hrp catalysed pyrogallol reaction (detection limit for hrp < 1 ... | 2016 | 7676857 |
| homology modelling of horseradish peroxidase coupled to two-dimensional nmr spectral assignments. | | 1995 | 7672273 |
| multimycotoxin dipstick enzyme immunoassay applied to wheat. | a membrane-based visual dipstick enzyme immunoassay for the simultaneous detection of up to five mycotoxins was developed. multiple dots of the respective antibodies against aflatoxin b1 (afb1), t-2 toxin (t-2), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-acdon), roridin a (ra), and zearalenone (zea) were applied onto a dipstick membrane. the competitive immunoreactions were performed by incubation of the dipstick in a test tube containing sample solution and a mixture of the respective toxin-horseradish peroxida ... | 2002 | 7664933 |
| lectin-like center in the molecule of alpha-chymotrypsin: formation of complexes with peroxidase and artificially glycosylated alpha-chymotrypsin. | using the system of reversed micelles of aerosol ot1 in octane as an instrument revealing the possibility of supramolecular structures formation, we have shown that the native alpha-chymotrypsin can form complexes with glycoproteins. dimers of the native alpha-chymotrypsin with the artificially glycosylated one and with horseradish peroxidase (natural glycoprotein) were obtained. the position of the optimum on the dependence of the catalytic activity upon the hydration degree confirms the compac ... | 1995 | 7663420 |
| role of apolipoprotein b-derived radical and alpha-tocopheroxyl radical in peroxidase-dependent oxidation of low density lipoprotein. | the peroxidation of low density lipoprotein (ldl) may play an important role in the modification of the lipoprotein to an atherogenic form. the oxidation of ldl by peroxidases has recently been suggested as a model for in vivo transition metal ion-independent oxidation of ldl (wieland, e., s. parthasarathy, and d. steinberg. 1993. proc. natl. acad. sci. usa. 90: 5929-5933). it is possible that in vivo the peroxidase activities of proteins, such as prostaglandin synthase and myeloperoxidase, prom ... | 1995 | 7658151 |
| use of progesterone-3(o-carboxymethyl oxime)-horseradish peroxidase in a sensitive microtitre-plate eia and its application to a visual membrane eia of progesterone. | a simple method of visual membrane enzyme-immunoassay (eia) for the detection of progesterone is described. when two types of progesterone-horseradish peroxidase (hrp) tracers were challenged for binding, in the presence of progesterone, to the monoclonal anti-progesterone antibody, 15a, coated on the microtitre plate, the hrp conjugated at the c-3 position (a-ring) of progesterone competed more effectively with progesterone to the binding site of the monoclonal antibody (mab) than hrp conjugate ... | 1995 | 7629275 |
| interlaminar connections of the superior colliculus in the tree shrew. ii: projections from the superficial gray to the optic layer. | this study of the tree shrew, tupaia belangeri, provides evidence for an intracollicular pathway that arises in the superficial gray layer and terminates in the optic layer. as a first step, nissl, myelin, and cytochrome oxidase stains were used to identify the layers of the superior colliculus in the tree shrew. second, anterograde and retrograde axonal transport methods were used to determine relationships between laminar borders and patterns of connections. intraocular injections of wheat ger ... | 2013 | 7544610 |
| parathyroid hormone inhibits plasma membrane pi transport without changing endocytic activity in opossum kidney cells. | parathyroid hormone (pth) inhibits na(+)-dependent pi uptake in renal epithelial cells from opossum kidney (ok). this requires an intact endocytic pathway, suggesting that one action of pth may be to promote endocytic removal of na+/pi cotransporters from the cell membrane. the present study tested if pth, at a dose that inhibited membrane pi transport, also produced an increase in endocytic activity. pi transport was measured in isolated plasma membrane vesicles. endocytosis was measured by all ... | 1995 | 7742379 |
| polyacrylamide-based redox polymer for connecting redox centers of enzymes to electrodes. | enzyme electrodes based on complexing a water-soluble copolymer of acrylamide and vinylimidazole with [os(dmebpy)2c1]+/2+ (dmebpy = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) and cross-linking with oxidases by water-soluble cross-linkers are described. the potential of the polyacrylamide-based redox polymer is +55 mv (sce), a typical electron diffusion coefficient (de) in the redox hydrogel that results from its cross-linking is (1.3 +/- 0.1) x 10(-9) cm2/s. the properties of the enzyme electrodes formed wh ... | 1995 | 7741213 |
| genetic control of retinal projections in inbred strains of albino mice. | mutations in the tyrosinase gene are often associated with a misrouting of retinal ganglion cell axons at the optic chiasm. in albinos, tyrosinase activity is lost and some ganglion cell axons that would normally project into the ipsilateral optic tract instead cross midline and project into the contralateral tract. the developmental mechanisms that cause this modification in neuronal connectivity are unknown. in this study, we screened six diverse strains of albino mice (strains 129, a, akr, ba ... | 1995 | 7608332 |
| the oxidation of cyclic sulfides by tetramethyldioxetane and the isobutanal/o2/peroxidase system: oxygen transfer versus electron transfer. | the oxidation of chlorpromazine (cpz) by tetramethyldioxetane (tmd) and isobutanal (ibal)/o2/horseradish peroxidase (hrp) system was investigated. the reaction with tmd proved to be of the oxygen transfer type, generating chlorpromazine-5-oxide (cpzo) and tetramethylethylene-oxide, and not by single-electron transfer, as previously reported. in contrast, the reaction of cpz with ibal/o2/hrp leads to formation of chlorpromazine cation radical, through reaction with active intermediates compound i ... | 1995 | 7750797 |
| peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of pentachlorophenol. | pentachlorophenol (pcp) was shown to function as a reducing substrate for horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and to stimulate the hrp-catalyzed reduction of 5-phenyl-4-penten-1-yl hydroperoxide (pphp) to 5-phenyl-4-penten-1-ol. hrp catalyzed the hydroperoxide-dependent oxidation of pcp, using h2o2, pphp, or ethyl hydroperoxide as substrates, as evidenced by uv spectroscopic and reverse phase hplc analysis of reaction mixtures. the major oxidation product was tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone which was iden ... | 2013 | 7578920 |
| maturation of early endosomes and vesicular traffic to lysosomes in relation to membrane recycling. | the controversy whether endocytic processing occurs by organellar maturation or by vesicular traffic has not been resolved. it is also not clear whether maturation continues to the stage of lysosomes, to what extent it involves a decrease in organellar fusogenicity, and how it relates to membrane recycling. maturation and vesicular traffic imply distinct kinetics for the intermingling of endocytic markers after sequential endocytic uptake. we have studied the kinetics of intermingling of fluid-p ... | 1995 | 7542261 |
| phenoxyl radical-induced thiol-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species: implications for benzene toxicity. | mechanisms of phenoxyl radical-induced generation of oxygen radicals potentially involved in toxicity of benzene were studied. we hypothesized that phenoxyl radical intermediates formed from phenolic metabolites of benzene by oxidative enzymes (e.g., peroxidases, tyrosinase) are able to damage biomolecules via (i) oxidation of low-molecular-weight thiols and protein thiols and (ii) thiol-dependent generation of oxygen radicals and subsequent oxidation of dna. phenoxyl radicals were generated by ... | 1995 | 7893144 |
| variable-temperature spectroelectrochemical study of horseradish peroxidase. | the reduction potentials of the compound ii/ferric and compound i/compound ii couples have been studied, using potassium hexachloroiridate as a mediator titrant, by thin-layer spectroelectrochemistry. compound i, which is 2 equiv more oxidized than the ferric (i.e., resting) form of the enzyme, was reversibly formed via a compound ii intermediate; no evidence for a ferric porphyrin pi-cation radical intermediate was obtained. at 25 degrees c, e degrees' (compound i/compound ii) = 897.9 +/- 3 mv ... | 1995 | 7893700 |
| neuron labeling by extracellular delivery of horseradish peroxidase in vivo: a method for studying the local circuitry of projection and interneurons at physiologically characterized sites. | an anatomical method is described that yields individual neurons with continuously labeled dendrites and axons following the extracellular deposition of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) at neurophysiological recording sites in vivo. the method is a logical evolution of previous methods for iontophoretic delivery of hrp: parameters critical to the ultimate concentration of hrp at the labeling site are reduced by an order of magnitude relative to standard practice. in successful cases one neuron or tw ... | 1995 | 7791368 |
| ph-induced conformational perturbation in horseradish peroxidase. picosecond tryptophan fluorescence studies on native and cyanide-modified enzymes. | the fluorescence-decay characteristics of the single tryptophan present in horseradish peroxidase (hrp) have been studied using dye-laser pulses and single-photon counting techniques. the decay was found to be dominated by a picosecond-lifetime component, with small contributions from two other lifetime components in the nanosecond range. the distance of the tryptophan residue was estimated from the fluorescence-energy transfer to the heme moiety using förster's theory. the tryptophan residue wa ... | 1995 | 7867643 |
| a non-isotopic immunoassay for guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate using a cyclic gmp-biotin conjugate as tracer. | 2'-o-monosuccinylguanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate was coupled to n-biotinyl-1,8-diamino-3,6-dioxaoctane after converting succinyl-cgmp into its n-hydroxysuccinimide active ester. isolation and purification of the succinyl-cgmp-biotin conjugate was performed with fplc using reversed phase chromatography. the synthesis described yielded a conjugate suitable for use as tracer in immunoassays for the cgmp measurement in plasma and urine samples. employing biotin as the primary probe in a competi ... | 1995 | 7775661 |
| denaturation of horseradish peroxidase with urea and guanidine hydrochloride. | favourable effects of urea and guanidine hydrochloride (gdn hcl) on solubilization of the polar, non-polar and peptide groups of horseradish peroxidase (hrp), an example of a globular protein, provide the driving force for unfolding of hrp, in a reversible two-state process. the intrinsic or conformational stability of hrp at various ph values and temperatures has been estimated by the linear extrapolation method (lem), a denaturant binding model (dbm) and tanford's model. there is good agreemen ... | 1995 | 7772563 |
| structural and functional stability of horseradish peroxidase. | | 1995 | 7758668 |
| heterogeneity of the covalent structure of the blue copper protein umecyanin from horseradish roots. | the covalent structure of umecyanin has been determined by a combination of classical edman degradation sequence analysis and plasma desorption, laser desorption, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. the preparation appeared to contain two isoforms having either a valine (75%) or an isoleucine (25%) residue at position 48. the polypeptide chain of 115 amino acids is strongly heterogeneous at its c-terminal end as a result of proteolytic cleavages at several places within the last 10 re ... | 1995 | 7757010 |
| peroxidase-catalysed oxidation of different dibenzazepine derivatives. | according to a recent hypothesis suggesting the potential role of free radical formation in the clozapine-induced agranulocytosis, we have evaluated the susceptibility to the peroxidase-mediated oxidation of different dibenzazepine analogues. on the one hand, compounds with an arylamine group such as clozapine or isoclozapine present a high reactivity in the horseradish peroxidase or myeloperoxidase systems and, on the other hand, fluperlapine, though known to induce agranulocytosis, and other d ... | 1995 | 7726734 |
| the raccoon spinocervical and spinothalamic tracts: a horseradish peroxidase study. | the locations of the cells of origin of the spinocervical tract (sct) and spinothalamic tract (stt) were examined in relation to the somatotopic and laminar organization of the cervical enlargement of the raccoon dorsal horn (dh). in different animals, either the lateral cervical nucleus or the lateral thalamus was injected with a 2% solution of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). following 24 h or 4 days, respectively, the animals were sacrificed and both injection and targe ... | 1995 | 7540911 |
| bifunctional and multimeric complexes of streptavidin fused to single chain antibodies (scfv). | multivalent and multispecific antibodies with defined stoichiometry could provide valuable tools for biological and medical research and for the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. we have therefore fused single chain antibodies (scfv) with core-streptavidin. this chimeric protein, expressed by the vector pste-215 (plasmid for streptavidin-tagged expression), can form tetrameric complexes, binds antigen and contains the biotin binding site which may be used for further complex formation. an additio ... | 1995 | 7836782 |
| initiation of locomotion by lateral line photoreceptors in lamprey: behavioural and neurophysiological studies | the lateral line system of lampreys includes photoreceptors distributed in the skin of the tail region. these are innervated by the trunk lateral line nerves, and the afferents terminate bilaterally in the medial octavolateral nucleus, crossing the midline through the cerebellar commissure. stimulation of the dermal photoreceptors by tail illumination initiates locomotion. the present study was performed to characterize the response to illumination in larval and adult lampreys in detail and to e ... | 1995 | 9320511 |
| [lectin histochemistry of the bufo marinus l. toad tongue]. | lectin histochemistry at light microscope level was used in the tongue of the cane toad bufo marinus to determine the distribution of sugar residues in glycoconjugates (gcs) previously localized and characterized by conventional histochemical techniques. five horseradish-peroxidase (hrp) labeled-lectins, namely con a, pna, sba, uea-1 and wgs were used. additionally, neuraminidase (n) treated sections before the staining procedures were used in order to dilucidate the presence of terminal sialic ... | 1995 | 9279025 |
| vestibular responses of flocculus and vestibular nuclei neurons in mice (b6cba). variation of stimulus amplitude and frequency. | vestibular nuclei (vn) neurons and floccular purkinje (p) cells of unanesthetized paralyzed mice (b6cba) responding to horizontal angular acceleration in the dark (type i and type ii neurons) were studied by extracellular recordings with micropipettes while varying either the frequency (and velocity) or the amplitude (and velocity) of the sinusoidal rotation, keeping the respective third parameter constant. phase and sensitivity were analyzed by a fourier analysis and a "best sine fitting" progr ... | 1995 | 8751058 |
| the protein composition of red cell eluates. | the protein composition of red cell (rbc) eluates has not been extensively studied. the purpose of this study was to determine the igg content and protein composition of rbc eluates prepared by the acid and xylene elution methods. | 1995 | 7998065 |
| a golgi and horseradish peroxidase study of the sonic motor nucleus of the oyster toadfish. | the sonic motor nucleus (smn) of the oyster toadfish opsanus tau, a single midline structure in the occipital spinal cord and caudal medulla, contains large electrically-coupled motoneurons. although interpretation is complicated by multiyear growth in soma size, neurons in males may be either large (l) or small (s), whereas females have exclusively s neurons. golgi stains have allowed separation of five neuron variants (rostral, dorsal, stellate, ventral and caudal) which differ in location, so ... | 1995 | 7796092 |
| specific binding assay for biotin based on enzyme channelling with direct electron transfer electrochemical detection using horseradish peroxidase. | a model 'homogeneous' format enzyme channelling specific binding assay for biotin based on peroxide-sensitive horseradish peroxidase mediatorless enzyme electrodes is described. the procedure involved the immobilisation of avidin onto the surface of printed carbon horseradish peroxidase (hrp) enzyme electrodes and the competitive binding of biotin and biotinylated glucose oxidase. upon addition of glucose, hydrogen peroxide was generated via the glucose oxidase label. direct electron transfer be ... | 1995 | 7786473 |
| 4-phenylylboronic acid: a new type of enhancer for the horseradish peroxidase catalysed chemiluminescent oxidation of luminol. | 4-phenylylboronic acid enhances the light emission from the horseradish peroxidase catalysed oxidation of luminol by hydrogen peroxide. optimization studies showed that the greatest enhancement was obtained using micromolar concentrations of the new enhancer. the largest degree of enhancement was found with the basic isoenzyme of horseradish peroxidase (type via), and lesser degrees of enhancement were obtained with type vii and type ix horseradish peroxidase. the enhancer was also effective in ... | 2013 | 7762416 |
| assessment of blood-retinal barrier integrity. | the blood-retinal barrier consists of two components which are comprised of the retinal vascular endothelium and the retinal pigment epithelium, respectively. its functional integrity can be recognized by tight junctions between these cells with a paucity of endocytic vesicles within them and the presence of the molecules that regulate the ionic and metabolic gradients that constitute the barrier. the barrier is compromised in several disease processes and by a variety of agents, but in most cas ... | 1995 | 7756735 |
| modifications to a carbon paste glucose-sensing enzyme electrode and a reduction in the electrochemical interference from l-ascorbate. | a glucose-sensing enzyme electrode was prepared by incorporating polyethylene glycol-modified glucose oxidase, horseradish peroxidase and 1,1'-dimethylferrocene into a carbon paste. the modification of glucose oxidase with polyethylene glycol was effective for increasing the enzyme activity in the carbon paste owing to the enhanced affinity of the polyethylene glycolmodified enzyme for the hydrophobic carbon paste matrix. in contrast, however, the enzyme activity of the polymer-modified peroxida ... | 1995 | 7755962 |
| direct electron transfer bioelectronic interfaces: application to clinical analysis. | bioelectronic interfaces based on direct electron transfer to proteins and enzymes immobilised at functional electrode surfaces are currently under development and the potential of two such systems for application to clinical measurement will be outlined. the first is the detection of free radical production via direct electrochemistry of cytochrome c immobilised covalently at modified gold electrodes. the redox protein cytochrome c has been immobilised covalently to gold electrodes surface-modi ... | 1995 | 7734123 |
| dendritic integration in ganglion cells of the mudpuppy retina. | computer simulations were carried out to evaluate the influence of varying the membrane resistance (rm) on the dendritic integration capacity of three classes of ganglion cells in the mudpuppy (necturus maculosus) retina. three broadly different morphological classes of ganglion cells were selected for this study and represent the range of dendritic tree sizes found in the ganglion cell population of this species. simulations were conducted on anatomical data obtained from cells stained with hor ... | 2007 | 7718497 |
| freeze-fracture study of cell junctions in the epididymis and vas deferens of a seasonal breeder: the mink (mustela vison). | the present study used the freeze-fracture technique and vascular infusion of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) as a junction permeability tracer, visible in thin sections, to investigate potential seasonal variations in the mink epididymis and vas deferens cell junctions. the junctions were studied in kits during the neonatal period, during and after puberty, and during adulthood monthly throughout the annual reproductive cycle. results showed the existence, at the time of birth, of a junctional com ... | 1995 | 7711319 |
| peroxidase- and tetracyanoquinodimethane-modified graphite paste electrode for the measurement of glucose/lactate/glutamate using enzyme-packed bed reactor. | a flow injection analysis sensor for the measurement of glucose/lactate/glutamate is reported. the glucose oxidase/glutamate oxidase/lactate oxidase was immobilized on silanized controlled pore glass particles and packed into a teflon column (i.d., 1.2 mm; length, 40 mm) to give a bed for glucose/lactate/glutamate. the hydrogen peroxide formed by the enzymatic reaction in the packed bed was monitored by a horseradish peroxidase- and tetracyanoquinodimethane (tcnq)- modified graphite paste electr ... | 1995 | 7710104 |
| gnrh-like immunoreactivity in the peripheral olfactory system and forebrain of atlantic salmon (salmo salar): a reassessment at multiple life history stages. | neurons with gonadotropin releasing hormone-like immunoreactivity (gnrh-ir) were identified within the peripheral olfactory system of atlantic salmon (salmo salar) at multiple life history stages. within the forebrain, gnrh-ir somata were found in the preoptic area and in the caudomedial olfactory bulb in a position comparable to the ganglion of the nervus terminalis of other teleosts. somata positive for gnrh were also found throughout the rostro-caudal extent of the olfactory nerve, and cluste ... | 1995 | 7663964 |
| on the agonistic display of the siamese fighting fish. ii. the distribution, number and morphology of opercular display motoneurons. | the agonistic display of the siamese fighting fish is characterized by tonic extension of the gill opercula, which is mediated by a single abductor, the opercular dilator muscle. this muscle consists of three bellies, which have different origins and biochemical properties. as part of an effort to define in detail the neural substrate for agonistic display, the distribution, number, and morphology of opercular dilator motoneurons in the trigeminal motor nucleus were examined by retrograde horser ... | 1995 | 7663961 |
| distribution of neurons projecting to the trochlear nucleus in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the distribution of neurons projecting to the trochlear nucleus of goldfish (carassius auratus) was studied by the electrophoretic injection of horseradish peroxidase into the nucleus. the location of the injection site was electrophysiologically determined by the antidromic field potential elicited from the trochlear nucleus after the electrical stimulation of its nerve. retrogradely labeled neurons were observed in the following structures: (1) anterior, tangential and descending nuclei of the ... | 1995 | 7620876 |
| connections of the posterior pallium in the crested newt, triturus carnifex. | the connections of the posterior pallial regions were studied in the crested newt, triturus carnifex, by means of the horseradish peroxidase technique. the tracer was injected into the lateral and medial pallia, caudal to the interventricular foramen. in addition, the connections between the posterior pallium and the infundibular hypothalamus were investigated with both horseradish peroxidase and the fluorescent dye dii. the results show important differences between the connection patterns of t ... | 1995 | 7620870 |
| anatomical and physiological characteristics of the vestibular ganglion of the bull frog. | the spatial distribution of nerve fibers from individual vestibular end organs in the vestibular ganglia (vg) was studied using horseradish peroxidase (hrp). hrp was injected into the cut end of the bull frog ampullary nerve. stained neural elements were counted on the serial sections. spatial distribution was also studied by recording ampullary nerve compound action potentials (ap) from vg. the anterior semicircular canal (sc) nerves were distributed in the anterior half of vg. the horizontal s ... | 1995 | 7610880 |
| amperometric detection of alkaline phosphatase activity at a horseradish peroxidase enzyme electrode based on activated carbon: potential application to electrochemical immunoassay. | amperometric detection of alkaline phosphatase activity has been achieved using 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (bcip) as the enzyme substrate. the production of hydrogen peroxide from the dephosphorylation of bcip was measured using an activated carbon electrode with horseradish peroxidase immobilised to its surface by simple passive adsorption. this method was easily capable of measuring 10(-12) m alkaline phosphatase and had a calculated detection limit of 2.2 x 10(-14) m. the horseradis ... | 1995 | 7576436 |
| comparative activity of peroxidase-antibody conjugates with periodate and glutaraldehyde coupling according to an enzyme immunoassay. | horseradish peroxidase is often used as an antibody-coupled enzyme and several procedures have been developed to obtain igg-peroxidase conjugates. the most widely used are coupling with periodate or glutaraldehyde. to compare the efficiency of these methods, the authors conducted periodate coupling or glutaraldehyde coupling in one or two steps, using the same batches of peroxidase, c-reactive protein (crp) and anti-crp monoclonal antibodies to develop a specially sensitive elisa for crp. compar ... | 1995 | 7574110 |
| synapses of optic axons with gaba- and glutamate-containing elements in the optic tectum of bufo marinus. | the central termination and the transmitter content of the optic fibers and the neurochemical nature of their synaptic targets was investigated in the optic tectum of the toad bufo marinus. retinal ganglion cells were retrogradely filled from the tectum with the fluorescent dye dii and the retinal wholemounts were immunostained for glutamate. most of the dye-filled cells could be double labeled. in addition, double-labeling for gamma-aminobutyric acid an glutamate were also made, when colocaliza ... | 1995 | 7560905 |
| studies on the optic chiasm of the leopard frog. ii. organization of retinotectal fibers in the optic chiasm. | the organization of retinotectal fibers in the optic chiasm was investigated using horseradish peroxidase (hrp) histochemistry and electrophysiological recording. hrp injection into a small region of the tectum led to retrograde staining of labeled fibers in a circumscribed region of the chiasm and staining of labeled ganglion cells in the contralateral retina. in each instance labeled tissue was spread over a greater proportion of the area of a chiasm section than over the flattened retina. fib ... | 1995 | 7552226 |
| afferent projections to the lateral and dorsomedial hypothalamus in a lizard, gekko gecko. | afferent projections to the lateral hypothalamic area and dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus of the lizard gekko gecko were studied after applications of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. large applications into the hypothalamus labeled several telencephalic populations not observed after smaller injections. these included the rostrolateral area of the dorsal cortex, a sheet of cells deep to the caudal pole of the lateral cortex, the external amygdala, and part of the dor ... | 1995 | 7552219 |
| afferent projections to the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus in a lizard, gekko gecko. | afferent projections to the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (vmh) of a lizard, gekko gecko, were studied with wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. results indicated that the shell and core areas of the vmh are largely innervated by different telencephalic nuclei but similar brain-stem nuclei. the common brainstem projections include the superior raphe, two isthmal populations (the ventral isthmal nucleus and parvocellular isthmal nucleus), and a dorsal thalamic projectio ... | 1995 | 7552218 |
| afferent projections to the hypothalamus in ranid frogs. | hypothalamic afferents were examined following applications of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase in the infundibulum of bullfrogs (rana catesbeiana). neuronal populations were generally labelled bilaterally, with an ipsilateral predominance. in the telencephalon, most labelled cells were present in the medial pallium, ventral lateral pallium, lateral amygdala, and lateral septal nucleus. a moderate number of cells were found in the medial amygdala and fewer still in the caudal striatu ... | 1995 | 7552217 |
| the trochlear nucleus of the frog rana ridibunda: localization, morphology and ultrastructure of identified motoneurons. | the organization of the trochlear nucleus (n iv) was investigated in the frog rana ridibunda. retrograde tracing with horseradish peroxidase and biotinylated dextran amines resulted in labeling on the contralateral n iv of motoneurons with diverse morphologies and in direct caudal continuation with the oculomotor nucleus. their dendritic arborizations extend profusely in the ipsilateral tegmentum and reach the oculomotor nucleus, the fasciculus longitudinalis medialis and also small processes br ... | 1995 | 7536105 |
| central projections of primary afferents from the interosseous nerve in the pigeon. | the interosseous nerve in the pigeon's leg innervates a string of herbst corpuscles. because herbst corpuscles are vibration-sensitive, this study, using neuronal tracing methods, was expected to show the central representation of vibration sense. after application of a mixture of free and lectin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase to the interosseous nerve, labeled cell bodies of sensory and postganglionic neurons were mainly located in the dorsal root ganglia and paravertebral sympathetic gangli ... | 1995 | 7496821 |
| functional morphologies of retinal ganglion cells in the turtle. | retinal ganglion cells in the turtle, pseudemys scripta elegans, were examined by intracellular recording with a protocol of stationary and moving lights. responses were apportioned among off, on, and on-off categories, and directional selectivity. cells were injected with neurobiotin, then later conjugated with avidin-horseradish peroxidase in standard procedure. morphological analysis of the stained cells included measurements of soma and dendritic field sizes, dendritic stratification, number ... | 1994 | 7890834 |
| nadph-diaphorase neurons in the retina of the hamster. | nadph-diaphorase-positive neurons have been demonstrated in the inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer of the retina of different mammalian species, but so far no experiments have been conducted to identify whether these cells are amacrine cells and/or retinal ganglion cells. we attempted to solve this problem by studying the nadph-diaphorase-positive neurons in the hamster retina. from the nadph-diaphorase histochemical reaction, two distinct types of neurons in the hamster retina were ide ... | 1994 | 7534316 |
| spectrophotometric determination of h(2)o(2) in marine waters with leuco crystal violet. | h(2)o(2) in marine waters may be determined by measuring the absorbance of crystal violet (cv(+)), formed by the oxidation of leuco crystal violet (lcv) by h(2)o(2) in the presence of the enzyme horseradish peroxidase, at 592 nm at ph 4. the detection limit and the precision of the method are about 0.02 mum and +/- 1% (at a concentration of 0.03 mum), respectively. the results obtained by this method and by a widely used fluorimetric method agreed with each other well. after color development, s ... | 1994 | 18966183 |
| the effects of media properties on the horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed fluorogenic reaction. | the effects of media properties including buffers, acidity, solvents and surfactant on horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed fluorogenic reaction were investigated. the results showed that the so-called non-fluorescent hydrogen donors were in fact fluorescent. there existed an acid-base equilibrium in the fluorescent dimer product. for p -hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, a pk(a) value of 8.0 for the product was obtained from its titration curve. the product fluorescence increased with higher ph, however, ... | 1994 | 18966169 |
| a stable water-soluble tetramethylbenzidine-2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex and its applications in enzyme assays. | 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (tmb), a hydrophobic and noncarcinogenic chromogen with a high absorption coefficient widely used in solid-phase assays involving labeled horseradish peroxidase was rendered soluble (up to 40 mm) and more stable for at least 2 months at 22-24 degrees c by forming a water-soluble inclusion complex with 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (hp-beta-cyd). cyclic voltammetry and absorbency measurement were employed to characterize the tmb-hp-beta-cyd complex. well-defined ... | 1994 | 7887477 |
| diffusion between the neurohypophysis and the adenohypophysis of lampreys, petromyzon marinus. | horseradish peroxidase (hrp), a protein that can be visualized by appropriate histochemical procedures, was injected into the third ventricle of the brain of adult lampreys, petromyzon marinus. within 5 to 15 min hrp had passed through the neurohypophysis, which forms the floor of the third ventricle. it appeared at this time to have diffused throughout the connective tissue separating the adenohypophysial follicles from the neurohypophysis and from each other. this observation would indicate th ... | 1994 | 7883145 |
| [equilibrium and kinetic parameters of the interaction of peroxidase and its conjugates with specific antibodies in solution]. | horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and its conjugates with igg (hrp-igg) and cortisol (hrp-cor) interactions with polyvalent antibodies against peroxidase (anti-hrp) have been studied by homogeneous enzyme immunoassay. the total catalytic activity in o-phenylenediamine oxidation for free peroxidase or its conjugates and their immunocomplexes with antibodies against the enzyme (anti-hrp) has been measured. linearization of time dependencies of the initial rate for peroxidation in the ln (v-v infinity)- ... | 1994 | 7873686 |
| purification of proteins by the use of hydrophobic zeolite y. | hydrophobic zeolite y can be used as a fast and efficient and inexpensive matrix in the purification of proteins from crude extracts. preferably the zeolite can be used in the first purification step, replacing the commonly used precipitation techniques with (nh4)2so4 or ethanol. the time required for the zeolite prefractionation was a few hours compared to the much more time consuming precipitation procedure which demands centrifugation and subsequent dialysis. proteins can be absorbed on the z ... | 1994 | 7858426 |
| a novel biotinylated heterobifunctional cross-linking reagent bearing an aromatic diazirine. | the synthesis of a p-[(3-trifluoromethyl)diazirine-3-yl]benzoic acid derivative is described as a new carbene generating heterobifunctional cross-linking reagent. the cross-linker carries a biotin moiety in order to make use of avidin-biotin technology for specific manipulation of cross-linked components. to evaluate the ability of this reagent, the inter-subunit cross-linking of egg-white avidin tetramer was investigated. as a typical application of avidin-biotin technology for cross-linking ex ... | 1994 | 7788299 |
| identification of sugar residues in secretory glycoconjugates of the lining and glandular epithelium of the chick embryo gizzard using lectin histochemistry. | using seven horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectins we studied the distribution of glycoconjugate sugar residues in the lining and glandular epithelium of the gizzard in chick embryos from day 7 to 21 of incubation. at the outer layer of the lining epithelium all investigated sugar residues were present from day 7 onwards, except alpha-l-fucose, which was detected later. from day 9 some cells, which contained granules characterised by d-galactose-(beta 1--->3)-n-acetyl-d-galactosamine and n-ac ... | 1994 | 7717043 |
| subcortical contributions to head movements in macaques. ii. connections of a medial pontomedullary head-movement region. | 1. in the companion article, a variety of head movements were elicited by stimulation in, and adjacent to, the gigantocellular reticular nucleus (cowie and robinson 1994). we refer to this area, caudal to the abducens nucleus, as the gigantocellular head movement region. in the present paper, the anatomical connections of this region, as determined by injections of wheat-germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp), are reported. the majority of efferent and afferent connections w ... | 1994 | 7534824 |
| cells of origin, thalamic relay and termination of the external cuneothalamocortical tract in the gerbil. | the present study is concerned with the connections of the external cuneate nucleus (ecn) in the gerbil following an injection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the ventralis posterior pars oralis (vplo) or adjacent nuclei of the thalamus. the number, soma size and distribution of the retrograde-labelled ecn neurons were studied and quantified. the application of two retrograde fluorescent tracers was also used to determine whether the ecn neurons would project to the thalamus as well as to t ... | 1994 | 7530412 |
| a drosophila receptor tyrosine phosphatase expressed in the embryonic cns and larval optic lobes is a member of the set of proteins bearing the "hrp" carbohydrate epitope. | recent studies have defined several cell surface glycoproteins expressed in the developing nervous system of insect embryos that may be involved in axon outgrowth and guidance processes. these glycoproteins include the fasciclins and a group of receptor-linked protein tyrosine phosphatases (r-ptps). in embryos, the fasciclins are localized to axonal subsets, while the r-ptps appear to be expressed on most or all cns axons. to identify other neuronal cell surface glycoproteins in the drosophila e ... | 1994 | 7527841 |
| neuroarchitecture of the tritocerebrum of drosophila melanogaster. | the organisation of the tritocerebrum of drosophila melanogaster was studied by bodian-protargol reduced silver staining, golgi-silver impregnation, horseradish peroxidase (hrp), and cobalt-chloride labelling of neurones and transmission electron microscopy. nerve fibres of six categories were found to project to the tritocerebrum. (1 and 2) the sensory fibres from the internal mouthpart sensilla known to course along pharyngeal and accessory pharyngeal nerves were found to project in mainly two ... | 1994 | 7860793 |
| use of plant material for the decontamination of water polluted with phenols. | plant materials were found useful in the decontamination water polluted with phenolic contained in the plant tissue. the enzymes mediated oxidative coupling of the pollutants, followed by precipitation of the formed polymers from the aqueous phase. an industrial wastewater contaminated with 2,4-dichlorophenol (up to 850 ppm) and other chlorinated phenols was successfully treated using minced horseradish, potato, or white radish (amended with h(2)o(2)). horseradish-mediated removal of 2,4-dichlor ... | 1994 | 18623031 |
| phenol conversion and dimeric intermediates in horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed phenol removal from water. | | 1994 | 22191756 |
| transport into and out of the golgi complex studied by transfecting cells with cdnas encoding horseradish peroxidase. | we have developed a novel technique with which to investigate the morphological basis of exocytotic traffic. we have used expression of hrp from cdna in a variety of cells in combination with peroxidase cytochemistry to outline traffic into and out of the golgi apparatus at the electron microscopic level with very high sensitivity. a secretory form of the peroxidase (sshrp) is active from the beginning of the secretory pathway and the activity is efficiently cleared from cells. investigation of ... | 1994 | 7962049 |
| fully automated flow-injection system for quantifying 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol in serum. | we have developed a flow-injection system with colorimetric detection to measure 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol in serum. serum samples are directly and serially injected into a clean-up column every 3.5 min to remove interferences before the enzymatic reaction. 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol, after being passed through the column, is oxidized by immobilized pyranose oxidase (ec 1.1.3.10), and the hydrogen peroxide produced reacts with the chromogen substrate in the presence of immobilized horseradish peroxidas ... | 1994 | 7955369 |
| determination of horseradish peroxidase concentration using the chemiluminescence of cypridina luciferin analogue, 2-methyl-6-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one. | the chemiluminescence of the cypridina luciferin analogue, 2-methyl-6-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin++ +-3-one (mcla) was observed at 462 nm in the presence of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and the total spectrum of light emitted was found to depend linearly on hrp concentration. methods for the determination of hrp concentration using the chemiluminescence was investigated. hrp could be detected in the range from 100 pmol/l to 100 nmol/l under the optimum condition, h2o2 (10 ... | 2013 | 7879651 |
| anatomical connections of the primate pretectal nucleus of the optic tract. | the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (not) plays an essential role in optokinetic nystagmus, the reflexive movements of the eyes to motion of the entire visual scene. to determine how the not can influence structures that move the eyes, we injected it with lectin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase and characterized its afferent and efferent connections. the not sent its heaviest projection to the caudal half of the ipsilateral dorsal cap of kooy in the inferior olive. the rostral dorsal cap w ... | 1994 | 7852621 |
| measurement of antioxidant activity in lipoproteins using enhanced chemiluminescence. | we describe a new assay for antioxidant activity (aoa) in lipoprotein solutions based upon their potential to quench light emission from a glowing horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed enhanced chemiluminescent reaction. by comparison with the quenching activity of the tocopherol-analogue trolox the aoa can be quantified. these measurements suggest that all lipoprotein fractions have significant aoa and that this has a non-linear relationship with lipoprotein concentration increasing significantly on ... | 1994 | 7840816 |
| specific regeneration of cutaneous sensory afferent fibers in the amphibian spinal cord. | regeneration of cutaneous sensory fibers within the spinal cord was studied in frogs after lesions of sensory axons in dorsal roots. sensory fibers were disrupted by repeatedly freezing the exposed brachial dorsal root in postmetamorphic frogs. previous experiments indicated that this procedure destroyed virtually all sensory axons within the dorsal root. the pattern of regrowth of these fibers within the spinal cord was then assessed at different times by labeling them with horseradish peroxida ... | 1994 | 7821386 |
| flow injection assay for the neurotoxin beta-odap using an immobilized glutamate oxidase reactor with prereactors to eliminate glutamate interferences. | the neurotoxic amino acid, beta-n-oxalyl-l-alpha,beta-diaminopropionic acid (beta-odap,odap) was oxidized by immobilized glutamate oxidase (glod) to produce hydrogen peroxide. the peroxide reacts with trinder reagent in a reactor with immobilized horseradish peroxidase to form a red-colored quinone imine dye, which was detected spectrophotometrically at 512 nm. determinations were made in a flow injection (fi) setup consisting of four packed-bed enzyme reactors containing glod (20 microl), catal ... | 1994 | 7802262 |
| inactivation of horseradish peroxidase by 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine. | in the presence of h2o2, horseradish peroxidase (hrp) catalyzes the one-electron oxidation of a porphyrinogenic agent, 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (ddep), leading to formation of an ethyl radical, inactivation of the enzyme, and formation of an altered heme product. the loss of heme during the inactivation of hrp was dependent on the duration of exposure to ddep as well as the concentration of h2o2 and ddep. the pseudo first order rate constant for the oxidation of ... | 2014 | 7696541 |
| interhemispheric transfer and the processing of foveally presented stimuli. | two arguments are commonly given in favor of a nasotemporal overlap along the vertical meridian of the visual field: anatomical findings and the existence of macular sparing in hemianopia. a review of the literature, however, points to the weakness of the evidence. the anatomical indications are exclusively based on horseradish peroxidase studies, which can not give an unequivocal answer to the amount of overlap in central vision, and which were not supported by a recent study that made use of t ... | 1994 | 7840882 |
| molecular dynamics studies on peroxidases: a structural model for horseradish peroxidase and a substrate adduct. | molecular dynamics (md) calculations are performed on cytochrome c peroxidase (ccp) and on horseradish peroxidase, isoenzyme c (hrp), and its substrate adduct with p-cresol. for ccp, a refinement in solution of the x-ray structure is obtained which indicates that in solution the protein structure is very similar to that in the crystal. for hrp, the x-ray structure is not available. we have generated a model of this protein based on the recently reported structure of the similar lignin peroxidase ... | 1994 | 7918458 |
| a23187 releases bound rather than free calcium from calcium-loaded liposomes. | we have investigated sonication-, osmotic shock-, and a23187-induced calcium and horseradish peroxidase release from phosphatidylcholine liposomes. we report that sonication and osmotic shock both cause release of liposome-entrapped horseradish peroxidase activity, thus, completely releasing the entrapped volume into and mixing it with the external medium. however, we find that neither sonication nor osmotic shock releases significant amounts of calcium from liposomes pre-loaded with calcium, wh ... | 1994 | 7945352 |
| effect of heme-apoprotein interactions on the activity of horseradish and wheat germ peroxidases. | the apoenzymes of horseradish and wheat germ peroxidases were reconstituted with synthetic hemins that differ from natural heme in the substitution pattern of side chains. both enzymes show dual peroxidase and oxygenase activity, being the latter the oxidation of porphobilinogen in the presence of oxygen and a reducing agent. the oxygenase activity was almost unaffected in both enzymes reconstituted with synthetic hemes, while peroxidase activities were inhibited to different extents. according ... | 1994 | 7945347 |
| antibody block of a neural-tissue-specific glycoconjugate perturbs growth cone guidance of an identified interneuron in the grasshopper. | antibodies against horseradish peroxidase (hrp) recognize a neural-tissue-specific carbohydrate moiety that is expressed on a complex set of developmentally regulated antigens in grasshopper, drosophila and other insects. the functional role of the neural-specific carbohydrate has been investigated by mutant analysis in drosophila where subtle defects in wing sensory axon projections have been reported. here we extend the analysis of this neural-specific carbohydrate to the single cell level by ... | 1994 | 28305809 |
| anatomical studies on the cuneocerebellar neurons in the gerbil by using hrp method. | the projection from the external cuneate nucleus (ecn) to the cerebellum was studied in the gerbil following the retrograde transport of minute injections (0.05-0.1 microliter, 30% solution) or implantations of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) in various folia of the cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei. the morphology of the labelled neurons, as well as their quantitative distribution, was also examined. the projections were in general bilateral but predominantly ipsilateral. a remarkable finding, how ... | 1994 | 7978337 |
| a novel triple-color detection procedure for brightfield microscopy, combining in situ hybridization with immunocytochemistry. | we describe a fast light microscopic procedure for the simultaneous enzyme cytochemical detection of three different dna target sequences in contrasting colors in both interphase and metaphase cell preparations. chromosome-specific dna probes labeled with either biotin, digoxygenin, or fluorescein were hybridized as a mixture and detected clearly and accurately by precipitates of the horseradish peroxidase-diaminobenzidine (po-dab, brown color), alkaline phosphatase-fast red (apase-fast red, red ... | 1994 | 7930513 |
| biodegradation evaluation of polyether and polyester-urethanes with oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes. | enzyme-induced liberation of components from seven different radiolabeled polyurethanes was monitored by radiolabel counting of the incubation solutions and product isolation by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the polyurethanes were selected to reflect variations in the hard-segment chemistry, soft-segment chemistry, and polyurethane hydrophilicity resulting from combinations of hydrophobic/hydrophilic soft segments. all materials were characterized using electron spectroscopy for ... | 1994 | 7829548 |
| novel synapses compensate for a neuron ablated in embryos. | in leeches, as well as mammals, neuronal death in adults produces lasting deficits, whereas the embryonic nervous system is believed to be more plastic. killing the single s interneuron in an adult leech ganglion permanently interrupts the chain of s cells linked by electrical synapses along the entire animal. axons that synapsed with the ablated neuron do not change length in response to cell ablation, but they will grow if another axon of the same neuron is injured. in the present experiments, ... | 1994 | 7991636 |
| ph-dependent properties of a mutant horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme c in which arg38 has been replaced with lysine. | arg38 in the active site of horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme c (hrp-c) has been replaced with lysine by site-directed mutagenesis. as a preclude to a detailed kinetic analysis of this variant, the present study characterizes a ph-dependent cycle of reactions for recombinant horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme c with arg38 replaced by lysine ([r38k]hrp-c*), which involves time-dependent changes in both specific activity and the electronic absorption spectrum of the enzyme. this ph-dependent cycle re ... | 1994 | 7925400 |
| ultrastructural and immunocytochemical analysis of the circuitry of two putative directionally selective ganglion cells in turtle retina. | two well-stained, horseradish peroxidase-filled varieties of putative on-off directionally selective ganglion cells, g14a and g15, that project to the dorsolateral optic tectum (guiloff and kolb [1992a] vis. neurosci. 8:295-313) were studied qualitatively and quantitatively. both were bistratified ganglion cells with one tier of dendrites in the off sublamina and the other in the on sublamina of the inner plexiform layer (ipl). the cells were serially sectioned and examined for synaptic inputs b ... | 1994 | 7822488 |
| complexity and scaling properties of amacrine, ganglion, horizontal, and bipolar cells in the turtle retina. | in the present study we have evaluated the complexity and scaling properties of the morphology of retinal neurons using fractal dimension as a quantitative parameter. we examined a large number of cells from pseudemys scripta and mauremys caspica turtles that had been labeled using golgi-impregnation techniques, intracellular injection of lucifer yellow followed by photooxidation, intracellular injection of rhodamine conjugated horseradish peroxidase, or intracellular injection of lucifer yellow ... | 1994 | 7529776 |
| protein extraction by reverse micelles: studies on the recovery of horseradish peroxidase. | phase transfer studies were carried out on the solubilization of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) (e.c. 1.11.1.7) in reverse micelles formed in isooctane using the anionic surfactant, aerosol ot, at concentrations between 50 and 110 mm. the selectivity of this methodology was tested, because the hrp used comprised a mixture of seven different isoenzymes with a wide range of isoelectric points. forward and backward transfers were carried out in wellstirred vessels until equilibrium was reached. signi ... | 1994 | 18618827 |
| endogenous fusicoccin-like ligand revealed in higher plants by radioreceptor and radioimmunoassays. | radioimmuno- and radioreceptor assays were developed for quantitating fusicoccin-like substances in plants. fc-like ligands were found in cultured horseradish roots (70-90 pmol/g) and headed cabbage leaves (9-11 pmol/g). detection of fc-like ligands in sterile root culture further argues in favour of endogenous fusicoccin representing a new type of phytohormone. | 1994 | 8082772 |
| determination of kinetic parameters for the inhibitory effects of organic sulphides on an amperometric peroxide biosensor in non-aqueous media. | the amperometric detection of some organic sulphides in non-aqueous media using a horseradish peroxidase modified platinum electrode is reported. the performance of the electrode is based on the inhibitory effect of sulphides on the activity of peroxidase. the electrode responds rapidly to micromolar concentrations of the sulphides with linearities extending up to 0.4, 0.25 and 0.8 mmol/dm(3) for thiourea, ethylenethiourea, and mercaptoethanol, respectively. the current as peroxide concentration ... | 1994 | 18966109 |
| ph-dependent one- and two-electron oxidation of 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase. | the porphyrinogenic agent 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (ddep) is known to inactivate hepatic cytochrome p450 (p450) enzymes 2c11, 2c6, and 3a1 [correia et al. (1987) arch. biochem. biophys. 258, 436-451] by different mechanisms. the inactivation of p450 2c11 and 2c6 appears to be due to the ethylation of the heme in the active sites of the enzymes [augusto et al. (1982) j. biol. chem. 257, 11288-11295], whereas the inactivation of p450 3a1 appears to involve the cova ... | 2014 | 7841342 |
| growth cones of regenerating retinal axons contact a variety of cellular profiles in the transected goldfish optic nerve. | following optic nerve transection in goldfish, retinal axons regenerate. to determine what the growth cones use as a substrate for their growth, regenerating growth cones were labeled by horseradish peroxidase (hrp) application to the retina 5-6 days after intraorbital optic nerve section (ons) and identified at 10-11 days after ons in the brain sided (distal) portion of the optic nerve in thick and serial ultrathin sections. leading growth cones (n = 5) were found in intimate contact with a var ... | 1994 | 7527807 |
| descending propriospinal axons in the hindlimb enlargement of the red-eared turtle: cells of origin and funicular courses. | spinal neurons with descending axons are important components of spinal sensorimotor networks. we used an anatomical tracing technique to study the distribution of descending propriospinal axons and cell bodies in red-eared turtles. we injected horseradish peroxidase into a portion of one funiculus in the middle of the hindlimb enlargement and examined six spinal segments rostral to the injection site (dorsal 3 through dorsal 8) for labeled neuronal cell bodies. injections into each region of th ... | 1994 | 7527804 |
| visual system of the fossorial mole-lemmings, ellobius talpinus and ellobius lutescens. | ocular regression in subterranean species has been shown to be associated with a number of alterations in the retina and in retinal pathways. in order to examine the consequences of eye reduction, the visual system was studied in two species of the murine genus, ellobius, a specialized fossorial rodent. the axial length of the eye is only 2.2 mm in e. lutescens and 2.9 mm in e. talpinus. the mean soma size of ganglion cells in nissl-stained flatmounts is approximately 10 microns in e. lutescens ... | 1994 | 7962718 |
| projections of physiologically defined subdivisions of the inferior colliculus in the mustached bat: targets in the medial geniculate body and extrathalamic nuclei. | this study examined the output of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body and other parts of the nervous system in the mustached bat (pteronotus parnellii). small deposits of anterograde tracers (horseradish peroxidase, [3h]leucine, phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, or biocytin) were made at physiologically defined sites in the central nucleus representing major components of the bat's echolocation ... | 1994 | 7962717 |
| characterization of peroxidative oxidation products of dopamine by mass spectrometry. | we characterized three cytotoxic products, namely dopaminochrome (2,3-dihydro-1h-indole-5,6-dione), 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-nitroethane and 2-(3,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-nitroethane. the compounds were separated from the incubation of dopamine (3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) with horseradish peroxidase which mimics the peroxidative activity of prostaglandin h synthase. incubation of 2-(3,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-nitroethane with nadph-cytochrome c reductase led to the formation of 6-hydroxydopamin ... | 1994 | 7952128 |
| fate-mapping in the procephalic region of the embryonic drosopbila head. | using intracellular horseradish peroxidase injection we traced the developmental fate of early gastrula cells of the procephalic region in the stage 16/17 embryo. morphogenetic movements in the developing brain are described in three dimensions. the results are related to head segmentation, and an early gastrula fate map of pregnathal head segments is proposed. | 1994 | 28305941 |
| double-target in situ hybridization in brightfield microscopy. | for brightfield detection of two different dna target sequences in one sample, we developed a double-target in situ hybridization (ish) technique, using biotin- and digoxigenin-labeled chromosome-specific dna probes. first, several immunochemical detection systems were optimized and compared for sensitivity and simultaneous applicability. two non-interfering immunochemical systems were chosen for simultaneous detection of the dna probe labels. this resulted in combination of an alkaline phosphat ... | 1994 | 8027526 |
| hypothalamic knife cuts that disrupt mating in male gerbils sever efferents and forebrain afferents of the sexually dimorphic area. | the sexually dimorphic area (sda) of the gerbil hypothalamus is essential for male sexual behavior. to determine (a) if the sda can affect mating via laterally projecting axons and (b) which sda afferents might affect mating, male gerbils were given bilateral, parasagittal knife cuts lateral to the medial or lateral sda. others were given cuts with a knife coated with horseradish peroxidase to label cells of which axons were cut. medial cuts eliminated mating and consistently labeled cells in th ... | 1994 | 7986367 |