| [in vitro activity of roxithromycin against hospital bacteria and the concordance curve]. | this study was set up to establish the regression curve for roxithromycin inhibition zone diameters (disks 15 micrograms) and mic to create a strain distribution plot, in order to allow accurate interpretation of the disk diffusion method for testing susceptibility to roxithromycin. 373 bacterial strains were studied in three university hospital. roxithromycin was active against erythromycin sensitive staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci at concentrations of 0.06 to 4 micro ... | 1988 | 2900488 |
| [clostridium perfringens septicemia]. | we report 3 cases of clostridium perfringens bacteremia with uterine gas gangrene. clinical presentation included severe infectious syndrome, hemoglobinemia and hemoglobinuria, jaundice, uterine tenderness and hypertension. all 3 cases were first seen with installed renal failure. diagnosis and modalities of therapy were reviewed. clostridium perfringens bacteremia with uterine gas gangrene still occur in developing countries. | 1988 | 2900547 |
| on the in vitro neutralization test of clostridium perfringens type a toxin. | data are presented on the detection in crude animal and human sera of cl. perfringens phospholipase c (plc) inhibitor. when the level of cl. perfringens type a antitoxin is determined in the in vitro toxin neutralization test the inhibitor is found to decrease plc activity in the test dose of experimental homologous toxin. the extent of decrease accounts for the variation of results obtained in the in vitro and in vivo toxin neutralization tests. the variation may be cancelled out by introducing ... | 1988 | 2900852 |
| lyophilized clostridium perfringens 3 alpha- and clostridium bifermentans 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases: two new stable enzyme preparations for routine bile acid analysis. | preparations of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.50) from clostridium perfringens were successfully lyophilized into a stable powder form. purification of the enzyme was achieved using triazine dye affinity chromatography. c. perfringens 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was purified 24-fold using reactive red 120 (procion red) -cross-linked agarose (70% yield). quantitative measurement of bile acids with the purified enzymes, 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 7 alpha-hyd ... | 1988 | 2901274 |
| protease-nicked theta-toxin of clostridium perfringens, a new membrane probe with no cytolytic effect, reveals two classes of cholesterol as toxin-binding sites on sheep erythrocytes. | a nicked theta-toxin (c theta), obtained by limited proteolysis with subtilisin carlsberg, causes almost no hemolysis while it retains a nearly intact cholesterol binding site below 20 degrees c. neither electron microscopic evidence for the formation of arc- and ring-shaped structures on the membrane nor toxin-stimulated influx of extracellular ca2+ are detected in c theta-treated cells below 20 degrees c. thus, event(s) in the lytic process are responsible for the temperature dependency of hem ... | 1988 | 2901352 |
| adp-ribosylated actin caps the barbed ends of actin filaments. | the mode of action on actin polymerization of skeletal muscle actin adp-ribosylated on arginine 177 by perfringens iota toxin was investigated. adp-ribosylated actin decreased the rate of nucleated actin polymerization at substoichiometric ratios of adp-ribosylated actin to monomeric actin. adp-ribosylated actin did not tend to copolymerize with actin. actin filaments were depolymerized by the addition of adp-ribosylated actin. the maximal monomer concentration reached by addition of adp-ribosyl ... | 1988 | 2901417 |
| hybridization analysis of the class p tetracycline resistance determinant from the clostridium perfringens r-plasmid, pcw3. | the tetracycline resistance determinant from pcw3, a conjugative plasmid from clostridium perfringens, has been identified and the structural gene localized to within a 1.4-kb region. hybridization analysis, which utilized an internal 0.8-kb specific gene probe, showed that eight nonconjugative tetracycline resistant c. perfringens strains all carried homologous resistance determinants. no homology was detected in dna prepared from tetracycline resistant isolates of clostridium difficile or clos ... | 1988 | 2901767 |
| complete nucleotide sequence and genetic organization of the bacteriocinogenic plasmid, pip404, from clostridium perfringens. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the bacteriocinogenic plasmid, pip404, from clostridium perfringens has been determined. the plasmid genome comprises 10,207 bp and has a da + dt content of 75%. functions have been tentatively assigned to 6 of the 10 open reading frames and an origin-like region of repeated sequence identified. the codon usage of this extremely da + dt rich plasmid is highly unusual and displays a pronounced preference for codons with the lowest dg + dc content. only one of t ... | 1988 | 2901768 |
| identification and molecular genetic analysis of replication functions of the bacteriocinogenic plasmid pip404 from clostridium perfringens. | the replication functions of the bacteriocinogenic plasmid pip404, from clostridium perfringens, were localized to a 2.8-kb ecori-ecorv fragment by cloning into a vector deficient for replication in bacillus subtilis. this fragment contains two genes, cop and rep, which encode proteins and an 800-bp noncoding segment of complex structure consisting of multiple tandemly repeated sequences. the cop protein is involved in copy number control, whereas the rep gene product is essential for plasmid re ... | 1988 | 2901769 |
| the clostridium perfringens chloramphenicol resistance transposon tn4451 excises precisely in escherichia coli. | nucleotide sequence analysis of the tn4451-deletion derivatives, pjir47 and pjir86, which were derived from escherichia coli and clostridium perfringens, respectively, showed that the deletion events that led to the formation of these plasmids were identical and precise. the results also showed that the termini of this c. perfringens-derived transposon contained imperfect 12-bp inverted repeat sequences which had some sequence similarity with the termini of tn3-like transposons. | 1988 | 2901770 |
| cloning and sequencing of a clostridium perfringens sialidase gene. | escherichia coli was transformed with puc vectors containing sau3a restriction fragments (rf) of clostridium perfringens dna. two clones expressed sialidase activity when assayed with the fluorogenic substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-d-n-acetylneuraminic acid. a synthetic oligonucleotide representing the n-terminus of the expressed enzyme hybridized with the clostridial insert and with a corresponding 2.1 kb sau3a rf of the c. perfringens genome. the insert reduced to 1.4 kb, which still enco ... | 1988 | 2901987 |
| rubredoxin as an intermediary electron carrier for nitrate reduction by nad(p)h in clostridium perfringens. | the nad(p)h-dependent nitrate reductase system in clostridium perfringens was reconstituted with rubredoxin (rd), nitrate reductase (nar), and an unadsorbed fraction, on a deae-cellulose column, of the extract (designated as fraction a), under nitrogen gas. ferredoxin in place of rd was not effective as an electron carrier in this reconstituted system. nad(p)h-dependent nitrate reducing activity was also obtained by replacing fraction a with ferredoxin-nadp+ reductase from spinach. we propose th ... | 1988 | 2902073 |
| the production and evaluation of monoclonal antibodies to clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxin. | the production of five monoclonal antibodies to the epsilon prototoxin of clostridium perfringens is described. all five monoclonal antibodies located three proteins in a trypsinized preparation of epsilon prototoxin. these proteins were located at 37.6 kdal, 35.6 kdal and 33.7 kdal by western blots. two of the monoclonal antibodies, m26/2 and m27/12, neutralized epsilon toxin in the mouse lethality assay. four of the five monoclonal antibodies are considered suitable as reagents to detect epsil ... | 1988 | 2902095 |
| [clostridium perfringens sepsis and hypernephroma]. | | 1988 | 2902262 |
| [isolation and purification of phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens and antibodies against it using polymeric biospecific adsorbents]. | a new polymeric biospecific adsorbent intended for isolation of clostridium perfringens phospholipase c (plc) and plc-specific antibodies is discussed. it was obtained by radical copolymerization of acrylamide, methylenbisacrylamide, and the acryl acid chloranhydride-acylated substrate of plc (chicken yolk lecithovitellin). maximal adsorption of plc was observed in the presence of the enzyme activator, and the highest amount of plc was eluted in case of its minimal adsorption. the "residual" act ... | 1988 | 2902618 |
| activation of clostridium perfringens spores under conditions that disrupt hydrophobic interactions of biological macromolecules. | the effect of hydrophobic interactions on the activation of c. perfringens nctc 8679 spores was examined by heating spores under conditions that modify the hydrophobic properties of biological macromolecules. after the activation treatment and a washing procedure, germination was determined by measuring the decrease in optical density of spores suspended in an enriched germination medium. activation was inhibited for spores that were treated under conditions that strengthen hydrophobic interacti ... | 1988 | 2902828 |
| the in-vitro activity of three long-acting cephalosporins against bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococcus species and clostridium perfringens. | the in-vitro activity of three long-acting cephalosporins (cefotetan, cefonicid and ceftriaxone) was compared against 206 clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococcus species and clostridium perfringens, using an agar dilution procedure to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics). clindamycin was included as a comparator. cefotetan was much more active than the two other cephalosporins against strains of bacteroides fragilis (mic90 16 mg/l compared with greater than 12 ... | 1988 | 2902937 |
| cloning and expression in escherichia coli of the perfringolysin o (theta-toxin) gene from clostridium perfringens and characterization of the gene product. | the gene encoding perfringolysin o, the thiol-activated hemolysin from clostridium perfringens (atcc 13124), was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. a gene library of c. perfringens chromosomal dna was constructed in bacteriophage lambda embl3. a recombinant was identified that produced a hemolysin that was inhibited by cholesterol and was tentatively identified as perfringolysin o. subcloning experiments localized the perfringolysin o gene (pfo) to a 1.8-kilobase region on the cloned chro ... | 1988 | 2903127 |
| nucleotide sequence of the gene for perfringolysin o (theta-toxin) from clostridium perfringens: significant homology with the genes for streptolysin o and pneumolysin. | the nucleotide sequence was determined for the gene encoding the thiol-activated cytolysin, perfringolysin o (theta-toxin), from clostridium perfringens. the nucleotide-sequence-derived primary structure of perfringolysin o is 499 residues long and exhibits a 27-amino-acid signal peptide. the calculated molecular weight of the secreted (mature) form of perfringolysin o is 52,469. the deduced amino-terminal sequence of perfringolysin o is identical to that determined for purified perfringolysin o ... | 1988 | 2903128 |
| inhibitory effect of taurolipids on clostridium perfringens sialidase. | taurolipids a and b, which are detergent-type compounds isolated from protozoan tetrahymena cells, were demonstrated to inhibit strongly the activity of clostridium perfringens sialidase. on addition of 280 pmol of taurolipid b to 20 mu of the enzyme, the sialidase activity was decreased to 7% of the original activity at ph 5.1 as the optimum ph. the inhibition was non-competitive. effective inhibition was observed at the acidic region from the isoelectric point of the sialidase, and at a low io ... | 1988 | 2903144 |
| purification and characterization of bile salt hydrolase from clostridium perfringens. | bile salt hydrolase (cholylglycine hydrolase, ec 3.5.1.24) has been purified to homogeneity (792-fold) from clostridium perfringens using high performance deae-chromatography. the purified enzyme showed a single detectable protein band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) with a relative molecular weight ca. 56,000. the intact enzyme had a relative molecular weight (mr) of ca. 250,000 as determined by nondenaturing page. the nh2-terminal sequence of bile salt h ... | 1988 | 2903208 |
| effect of product form on the microbiological growth support characteristics of turkey meat products. | effects of product form classifications, consisting of intact turkey drumsticks, dark meat trim tissue, and mechanically deboned meat, on microbiological concentrations were evaluated. samples were inoculated with actively growing cultures of salmonella and clostridium perfringens to increase naturally low bacterial populations prior to being placed at 1 c and 10 c for storage evaluations. growth support potential for all product forms stored at 10 c was extensive, making it difficult to charact ... | 1988 | 2903493 |
| [a case of food poisoning caused by c. perfringens]. | a case of food borne infection among a hundred inhabitants of a home for the old aged, caused by clostridium perfringens (clostridium welchii) following consumption of a filled veal roll is reported. | 1988 | 2903578 |
| electroporation-induced transformation of intact cells of clostridium perfringens. | electroporation-induced transformation of intact cells of clostridium perfringens 3624a with plasmids pamb1 and phr106 resulted in 3.8 x 10(-5) and 4.2 x 10(-4) transformants per viable cell, respectively. with respect to shuttle plasmid phr106, these values represent a greater than 100-fold increase in transformation frequency when compared with the values reported with polyethylene glycol-induced l-phase variants. | 1988 | 2903718 |
| clostridium absonum from gas gangrene. | a clostridium perfringens-like strain was isolated from a case of gas gangrene. the morphological properties and the lecithinase reaction of the isolate were very similar to those of c. perfringens; however, the lecithinase reaction was only slightly suppressed by c. perfringens alpha-antitoxin serum and the organism was identified as clostridium absonum from its biochemical properties. | 1988 | 2903940 |
| effect of eimeria tenella infection on the caecal population of lincomycin-resistant clostridium perfringens introduced into chickens. | the effect of eimeria tenella infection on the caecal population of lincomycin-resistant clostridium perfringens (kgw 851) newly introduced into chickens was studied. four groups of chickens consisted of: (1) uninoculated controls; (2) inoculated with c perfringens (kgw 851); (3) inoculated with e tenella; and (4) inoculated with c perfringens (kgw 851) followed by e tenella. five chickens in each group were necropsied on each of days 0, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 after the e tenella inoculation. the me ... | 1988 | 2904158 |
| enterotoxaemia in a foal due to clostridium perfringens type a. | | 1988 | 2904258 |
| angiographically-induced infection of the aorta. | we present three cases of infection of the native aorta following angiography. the infection was an incidental finding at operation in two patients, while a third presented with fulminant sepsis. all had debridement of the retroperitoneum and underwent successful extraanatomic bypass. we feel caution is warranted in placing a retroperitoneal graft even in suspected aortic sepsis. prophylactic antibiotics may be advisable to protect against infection of atherosclerotic plaque during angiography. | 1986 | 2904273 |
| high resolution deuterium nmr studies of bacterial metabolism. | high resolution deuterium nmr spectra were obtained from suspensions of five bacterial strains: escherichia coli, clostridium perfringens, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and staphylococcus aureus. deuterium-labeled d-glucose at c-1, c-2, and c-6 was used to monitor dynamically anaerobic metabolism. the flux of glucose through the various bacterial metabolic pathways could be determined by following the disappearance of glucose and the appearance of the major end products in the 2h nmr ... | 1988 | 2904438 |
| clostridium perfringens infection in a total knee arthroplasty. a case report. | a 66-year-old woman with a painful total knee arthroplasty and turbid fluid aspirates had her prosthesis removed for a presumed diagnosis of infection. the intraoperative cultures were positive for clostridium perfringens, and the patient did well after a course of intravenous antibiotics prior to reimplantation. clostridium perfringens is a rare cause of pyarthrosis in both nonoperative and prosthetic joints. this report details the first case of clostridial infection involving a patient with a ... | 1988 | 2904487 |
| carboxyl groups in clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin. | the maximal number of norleucine methyl ester (nme) incorporated into carboxyl groups in epsilon toxin of clostridium perfringens by the carbodiimide-nucleophile procedure was 7 and 17 in the absence and presence of 8 m urea, respectively. the introduction of 3-4 nucleophilic modifying agents such as nme, glycine methyl ester or taurine into carboxyl groups of the toxin reduced the lethality to approximately 10% of the original activity. the incorporation of 6-7 of these agents resulted in compl ... | 1987 | 2904641 |
| [fatal septicemia caused by intra-uterine device in aplasia of acute leukemia]. | | 1988 | 2905060 |
| [inhibition of cytochrome p-450 and cytochrome b5 induced by clostridium perfringens alpha toxin]. | | 1988 | 2905072 |
| isolation of fecal clostridium perfringens from broiler chickens and their susceptibility to eight antimicrobial agents for growth promotion. | | 1988 | 2905396 |
| in vitro lecithinase activity and sensitivity to 22 antimicrobial agents of clostridium perfringens isolated from necrotic enteritis of broiler chickens. | viable clostridium perfringens ranging from 10(5) to 10(8) g-1 was detected in all of 88 intestinal content specimens of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. in vitro lecithinase activity and sensitivity to 22 antimicrobial agents were determined for the 88 isolates. the activities of lecithinase in the culture filtrate of isolates were estimated to be 0.5 to 4.0 ae ml-1 as alpha-antitoxin equivalent. with reference to antimicrobial activity penicillins and cephazolin showed excellent activit ... | 1988 | 2905509 |
| food poisoning in hospitals in scotland, 1978-87. | during the 10-year period 1978-87 there were 48 outbreaks of food poisoning in scottish hospitals affecting a total of 2287 persons of whom 12 died. this compared with 50 outbreaks during the previous 5 years (1973-77) when over 1500 persons and 7 deaths were recorded. although the incidence of outbreaks has decreased the average number of persons affected in outbreaks has increased. a marked reduction was seen in the incidence of outbreaks due to clostridium perfringens, in contrast to foodborn ... | 1988 | 2905670 |
| [an autopsy case of clostridial liver abscess]. | | 1988 | 2905727 |
| purification, characterization and antimicrobial spectrum of a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici. | an antimicrobial peptide designated pediocin ach was isolated from pediococcus acidilactici strain h. the pediocin ach was purified by ion exchange chromatography. the molecular weight of pediocin ach was determined by sds-page to be about 2700 daltons. pediocin ach was sensitive to proteolytic enzymes resistant to heat and organic solvents, and active over a wide range of ph. pediocin ach exhibited inhibition against several food spoilage bacteria and foodborne pathogens including staphylococcu ... | 1988 | 2906056 |
| the effect of carbohydrates on the sporogenesis of clostridium perfringens and bacillus anthracis. | the authors studied the effect of a number of carbohydrates on the sporogenesis of clostridium perfringens and bacillus anthracis (vaccine strain sti) as probable soil factors capable of influencing the duration of survival of these causative agents in the external environment. differences in the effect of the same sugars on the formation of spores by these microorganisms and clearly expressed sporogenesis-inhibiting effect of glucose (and also of lactose in clostridia) have been demonstrated. t ... | 1988 | 2906076 |
| assay methods for alpha toxin from clostridium perfringens: phospholipase c. | | 1988 | 2906729 |
| purification of alpha toxin from clostridium perfringens: phospholipase c. | | 1988 | 2906730 |
| production, purification, and assay of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | | 1988 | 2906731 |
| microbiological and virological analysis of water from two water filtration plants and their distribution systems. | the microbial flora of the water produced by two water filtration plants and their drinking water distribution system were evaluated: the pont-viau (pv) and the repentigny (re) water filtration plants. untreated water entering the plants contained 3.6 (pv) and 16.8 most probable number of infectious units (mpniu)/l (re) enteric viruses and total coliform bacteria counts were 300,000 (pv) and 500,000 cfu/l (re). treated water leaving the plant was essentially free of all the bacterial indicators ... | 1988 | 2906813 |
| clostridial gas gangrene: a review of 48 consecutive cases. | | 1988 | 2907224 |
| clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | current knowledge of cpe action is briefly summarized in figure 1. after specific binding to a protein receptor(s), the entire cpe molecule rapidly inserts into membranes forming a complex of 150,000 mr. almost simultaneously with insertion, there is a sudden change in ion fluxes. the molecular events behind the induction of ion flux changes remain undefined, but might involve either direct formation of membrane pores by cpe or activation of pre-existing membrane pores. as intracellular ion leve ... | 1988 | 2907364 |
| chemotherapy of experimental (murine) clostridium perfringens type a gas gangrene. | five antimicrobial drugs (ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, imipenem, penicillin g, and rifampin) were examined for therapeutic efficacy in a murine model gas gangrene due to clostridium perfringens type a, following infection with large bacterial inocula. imipenem was effective against all 6 strains of c. perfringens; conversely, penicillin g failed against these 6 strains. ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and rifampin occupied intermediate positions. | 1988 | 2907452 |
| [growth of clostridium perfringens in the guinea pig intestinal juice medium]. | | 1988 | 2907757 |
| [use of the elisa test for detection of toxins of clostridium perfringens type a]. | | 1988 | 2907767 |
| amino groups in clostridium perfringens epsilon prototoxin and epsilon toxin. | modification with succinic anhydride (sa) of clostridium perfringens epsilon prototoxin or toxin resulted in a loss of activation by trypsin or lethal activity, respectively. the prototoxin was more sensitive to succinylation than the toxin. on the other hand, the succinylated prototoxin was activated and cleaved by chymotrypsin, but not by trypsin. the lethal activity of the toxin was also lost after treatment with 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride (dma) or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (tnbs). ... | 1986 | 2907772 |
| [microbial contamination of traditional herbal drugs in indonesia]. | | 1988 | 2907976 |
| some factors affecting isolation of clostridium tetani from human and animal stools. | clostridium tetani was isolated from human and animal stools at the following rates [95% confidence interval (ci)]: human, 0% (1.5-0); horse, 1% (5-0); cow in cowshed, 4% (10-1); cow in pasture, 8.3% (17-1), calf in pasture, 0% (7-0); dog, 2% (11-0) and sheep in pasture, 25% (44-14). quantification of c. tetani in 16 animal stools positive for the bacillus was impossible in most cases, as the number of tetanus bacilli present was not large enough for this purpose. contaminating anaerobic and fac ... | 1988 | 2908185 |
| the comparative in vitro activity of ofloxacin (ru 43 280) and other quinolone derivatives against 722 bacteria of clinical interest. | | 1987 | 2908239 |
| gas gangrene in a diabetic after intramuscular injection. | a 47 year old male insulin-dependent diabetic developed two synchronous life-threatening clostridium perfringens infections under unusual circumstances. numerous sterile abscesses were also present, being the result of regular pentazocine intramuscular injections. extensive surgical debridement and parenteral antibiotic therapy proved effective in treating the septicaemia and the large soft tissue abscesses in the buttock and thigh. the patient made an excellent functional recovery. the pathogen ... | 1988 | 2908251 |
| [growing clostridium on nutritional media with polyacrylamide gel]. | | 1986 | 2908416 |
| cc/gg contacts facilitate the b to a transition of dna in solution. | self-complementary decadeoxynucleotides, ccgatatcgg, ccagatctgg, ccctgcaggg, gggggccccc, were designed and synthesized to estimate the a-philic free energy of cc/gg contacts. first, regions of temperature-stability of the double-stranded conformation were determined for each 10-mer. then, circular dichroism spectra were recorded for the b-family forms at different temperatures, counter-ion concentrations and trifluoroethanol contents. a cooperative change typical of the b-a transition is observe ... | 1986 | 2908426 |
| microbiological quality of fresh pasta dumplings sold in bologna and the surrounding district. | the microbiological quality of fresh pasta dumplings sold in bologna and the surrounding district was evaluated. a total of 60 lots (300 subsamples) of fresh pasta dumplings, both 'home-made' and manufactured, were analysed for aerobic plate count (apc), coliforms (total and fecal), staphylococcus aureus, clostridium perfringens and salmonella spp. thirty one of the 39 lots of 'home-made' pasta were found to exceed apc standards and six lots exceeded s. aureus standards. five (24%) and six (29%) ... | 1988 | 2908612 |
| curvature and composition-dependent lipid asymmetry in phosphatidylcholine vesicles containing phosphatidylethanolamine and gangliosides. | the effect of curvature on transbilayer lipid asymmetry in vesicles is investigated using vesicles of different sizes (30-140 nm) prepared by sonication and polycarbonate filter extrusion techniques. the transbilayer distributions of phosphatidylethanolamine and gangliosides are measured using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid and clostridium perfringens neuraminidase as non-penetrating probes, respectively. the distribution of phosphatidylethanolamine in a phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidyletha ... | 1989 | 2914133 |
| purification, microheterogeneity, and stability of human lipid transfer protein. | a method for the purification of lipid transfer protein (ltp) from human plasma was developed with the aid of succinylated low density lipoprotein-sepharose affinity column chromatography. the purified ltp exhibited a single main band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. however, upon isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gel, the preparations consistently showed nine bands with isoelectric points ranging from 4.6 to 5.4. the treatment of ltp with clostridium perfringen ... | 1989 | 2917989 |
| [monitoring critically ill patients during transport by helicopter using a patient with abdomen apertum as an example]. | noninvasive continuous monitoring systems are newly emerging as an important means of monitoring during transports in emergency care, e.g. transportation by helicopter. while automatic oscillometric blood pressure monitors have been used in the perioperative area for some time, a similar development can be observed in the field of emergency care and transportation with the availability of light, portable and battery operated systems. for monitoring adequate oxygenation, pulse oximeters have rece ... | 1989 | 2929971 |
| [serum inhibitors of clostridium perfringens alpha toxin]. | | 1986 | 2938745 |
| [in vitro effect of piperacillin, amoxicillin, cefoxitin and metronidazole against obligate anaerobic bacteria]. | the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of piperacillin and three other antibiotics (amoxicillin, cefoxitin, metronidazole) against 165 strains of obligate anaerobes isolated in hospitals in 1985 and 1986 were determined by the wilkins-chalgren agar medium dilution method. among the 67 strains of bacteroides fragilis, 98.5% were sensitive to piperacillin (mic less than or equal to 128 mg/l), 100% were sensitive to metronidazole (mic less than or equal to 4 mg/l), 11.9% were resistant to cefo ... | 1986 | 2949268 |
| cell surface sialic acid influences tumor cell recognition in the mixed lymphocyte reaction. | the ia+ b cell lymphoma, aktb-1b, fails to stimulate thymic lymphocytes in a one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction unless pretreated with sialidase or inhibitors of n-linked oligosaccharide processing. a comparison of different sialidases and sialyltransferases suggests that the removal of only a subset of total surface sialic acid, rather than net desialylation of the cell surface, is required. three sialidases were compared, including vibrio cholerae (vc) and clostridium perfringens (cp), which wi ... | 1987 | 2953814 |
| in vitro activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin, a new glycopeptide antimicrobial, was determined against a total of 286 anaerobic bacteria including bacteroides fragilis group (100), b. melaninogenicus (21), b. bivius (16), fusobacterium spp. (15), peptococcus spp. (20), peptostreptococcus spp. (21), clostridium perfringens (23), c. difficile (41) and propionibacterium acnes (29). minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) were determined using an antimicrobial incorporation technique in wilki ... | 1987 | 2962846 |
| [purulent pleurisy caused by anaerobic bacteria. a retrospective study of 19 cases]. | a retrospective clinical, biological, radiological and evolutive study of 19 cases of pleural empyema caused by anaerobic organisms diagnosed between 1980 and 1986 was carried out. these 19 cases accounted for 30.6 p. 100 of all cases of pleural empyema diagnosed during the same period. a local or general contributory factor was found in all patients; false passage, gastrointestinal pathology and buccal or dental diseases were the most frequent aetiological circumstances. the clinical picture wa ... | 1988 | 2967476 |
| galactose-rich glycoproteins are on the cell surface of herpes virus-infected cells. 1. surface labeling and serial lectin binding studies of asn-linked oligosaccharides of glycoprotein gc. | cell-surface glycoproteins of mock-infected and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-infected bhk-21 and hep-2 cells were radiolabeled by incubation with galactose oxidase followed by reduction with nab3h4. the incorporation of radiolabel into glycoconjugates in both bhk-21 and hep-2 cells was increased several fold following infection with hsv, showing an increase in surface-exposed gal residues in the infected cells. this was further confirmed by an increase in binding of cell-surface-labeled g ... | 1985 | 2982317 |
| tracheobronchial mucin receptor for pseudomonas aeruginosa: predominance of amino sugars in binding sites. | pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common respiratory tract colonizer and pathogen, adheres to injured tracheal cells and to tracheobronchial mucin. these phenomena suggest that there are specific receptors for this organism in the respiratory tract. the receptor on injured tracheal cells contains n-acetylneuraminic acid as the principal sugar, but the structure of the receptor in mucin has not been described. using a microtiter plate assay to study bacterial adherence to mucin, we have partially charact ... | 1985 | 2985503 |
| [the occurrence of salmonellae in organic fertilizer]. | out of 24 samples of organic and organic-chemical fertilizers which were bought in retail stores ("bio-fertilizers") in 25% salmonellas and in 12.5% clostridium perfringens were isolated. in each of the fertilizers, from which these pathogens were cultivated, products from animal origin were part of the ingredients. in the majority of the cases these were animal fecal residues but also blood meal and horn shavings. the epidemiological importance of these findings is discussed. it is appealed to ... | 1985 | 3000021 |
| [epidemiology, etiology and laboratory diagnosis of infectious diarrhea diseases in the tropics]. | diarrhoeal diseases belong to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in tropical countries, especially in infants and small children. about one billion episodes are estimated for this group of age with 4.6 million fatalities. many causes are discussed to explain the high incidence: bottle feeding of infants, protein malnutrition, unsafe drinking water and unsafe disposal of excrements and sewage, unsufficient consciousness of personal and domestic hygiene, lack of knowledge on the origin ... | 1985 | 3000920 |
| [receptor and cell membrane damaging action of cytolytic toxin]. | | 1986 | 3012648 |
| subcutaneous clostridial infection in broilers. | a flock of 12,500 broilers 36 days of age experienced a sudden increase in mortality. post-mortem lesions were emphysema, severe enteritis, and a serosanguineous fluid in the subcutaneous tissue of the breast and thighs; there was no evidence of a loss in the integrity of the skin. clostridium perfringens and c. septicum were isolated from the affected subcutaneous tissue. histopathological and serological examination indicated previous infection with infectious bursal disease virus. the subsequ ... | 1986 | 3021106 |
| the hormone-sensitive hepatic na+-pump. evidence for regulation by diacylglycerol and tumor promoters. | ouabain-sensitive 86rb+ uptake by isolated rat hepatocytes was studied to elucidate how ca2+-mobilizing hormones stimulate the na+-pump. stimulation of this uptake was observed with concentrations of vasopressin ([8-arginine]vasopressin, avp), angiotensin ii, and norepinephrine which elicited ca2+ mobilization and phosphorylase activation. these results suggested that changes in cytosolic ca2+, mediated by inositol trisphosphate, might trigger sodium pump stimulation by avp. however, in hepatocy ... | 1986 | 3021743 |
| construction of shuttle cloning vectors for bacteroides fragilis and use in assaying foreign tetracycline resistance gene expression. | shuttle vectors capable of replication in both escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis have been developed. conjugal transfer of these plasmids from e. coli to b. fragilis is facilitated by inclusion of the origin of transfer of the incp plasmid rk2. the vectors pdk1 and pdk2 provide unique sites for cloning selectable markers in bacteroides. poa10 is a cosmid vector containing the replication region of pcp1 necessary for maintenance in bacteroides. pdk3, pdk4.1, and pdk4.2 contain the bactero ... | 1988 | 3071818 |
| an evaluation of various working practices in shops selling raw and cooked meats. | three groups of premises (butchers' shops, supermarkets and general dealers) which sell raw and cooked meats were compared. salmonellas were not detected, but escherichia coli, and to a lesser degree staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis, were widely distributed in all three groups of premises. contamination of hands, towels and nail brushes was related to poor working practices. the presence of e. coli or str. faecalis on slicing machines was associated with contamination of meat sam ... | 1986 | 3090137 |
| mechanism of hepatic glycogen synthase inactivation induced by ca2+-mobilizing hormones. studies using phospholipase c and phorbol myristate acetate. | incubation of hepatocytes with the protein kinase c activator and tumour promoter 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate (pma) produced a time- and concentration-dependent inactivation of glycogen synthase, but no change in phosphorylase. the same rate and extent of inactivation occurred in hepatocytes depleted of ca2+ by treatment with the ca2+ chelator egta. when hepatocytes were treated with the ca2+-mobilizing hormone vasopressin (10 nm), the rate of glycogen synthase inactivation ... | 1986 | 3099747 |
| bmy 28100, a new oral cephalosporin. | bmy 28100, a new oral cephalosporin with a (z)-propenyl side chain at the 3 position and a p-hydroxyphenylglycyl substituent at the 7 position, was evaluated in comparison with cefaclor and cephalexin and, when appropriate, ampicillin and vancomycin. in vitro, bmy 28100 was more active than the reference cephalosporins against streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, listeria monocytogenes, haemophilus influenzae, propionibacterium acnes, clostridium perfringens, and clos ... | 1987 | 3105449 |
| the effect of carbon dioxide on the in vitro activity of erythromycin and ru-28965 against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of erythromycin and ru-28965 (a novel macrolide antimicrobial with improved pharmacokinetics) was determined against a variety of anaerobic bacteria in anaerobic atmospheres with and without added carbon dioxide. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) were determined using an antimicrobial incorporation technique in wilkins-chalgren agar (oxoid, uk) containing saponinlysed horse blood to a final concentration of 10%. the inoculum used was approximately 10(4) colony forming ... | 1987 | 3113907 |
| heterogeneity of acid beta-galactosidase from rabbit kidney. | 1. rabbit kidney acid beta-galactosidase can be resolved into three peaks (named a3, a2 and a1) by gel-filtration chromatography. their estimated molecular weights were: more than 250,000, 150,000 and 17,000 respectively. 2. the purified acid form appeared as a single band of protein (mr = 28,000) on electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate, suggesting that forms a3 and a2 are multimeric forms of beta-galactosidase a1. 3. treatment with neuraminidase from clostridium perfringen ... | 1987 | 3114021 |
| antimicrobial activity of lysozyme against bacteria involved in food spoilage and food-borne disease. | egg white lysozyme was demonstrated to have antibacterial activity against organisms of concern in food safety, including listeria monocytogenes and certain strains of clostridium botulinum. we also found that the food spoilage thermophile clostridium thermosaccharolyticum was highly susceptible to lysozyme and confirmed that the spoilage organisms bacillus stearothermophilus and clostridium tyrobutyricum were also extremely sensitive. several gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens isolated f ... | 1987 | 3118808 |
| divalent cation involvement in the action of clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin. early events in enterotoxin action are divalent cation-independent. | clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin (cpe) is a membrane-active cytotoxin. there are a number of recognized early steps in cpe cytotoxicity including binding of cpe to a protein receptor, insertion of cpe into membranes, and cpe-mediated induction of changes in membrane permeability for small molecules such as ions and amino acids. further support for the existence of these early steps and further characterization of these events are presented in this report. we now report that these early ... | 1988 | 3123494 |
| attachment of human placental-type alkaline phosphatase via phosphatidylinositol to syncytiotrophoblast and tumour cell plasma membranes. | phosphatidylinositol anchors human placental-type alkaline phosphatase (plap) to both syncytiotrophoblast and tumour cell plasma membranes. plap activity was released from isolated human placental syncytiotrophoblast plasma membranes and the surface of tumour cells with a phospholipase c from bacillus cereus. this was a specific event, not the result of proteolysis or membrane perturbation, but the action of a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c in the preparation. soluble plap, releas ... | 1988 | 3127211 |
| contribution of the microflora to proteolysis in the human large intestine. | protease activities in human ileal effluent were approximately 20-fold greater than in normal faeces. comparative studies with faeces from a person who did not have a pancreas suggested that a substantial proportion of the proteolytic activity in normal faeces was of bacterial origin. thimerosal, iodoacetate, edta and cysteine significantly inhibited proteolysis in faeces, but not in small intestinal contents, showing that cysteine and metalloproteases were produced by bacteria in the large gut. ... | 1988 | 3127369 |
| phospholipase activation and arachidonic acid release in isolated intestinal epithelial cells. | a novel method for studying the mobilization of free arachidonic acid (aa) in isolated intestinal epithelial cells is described. the method is based on labeling the cellular phospholipids with 14c-aa and studying the release of this 14c-aa on subsequent phospholipase activation. cells of high viability were isolated from the small intestine of guinea pigs and incubated with 14c-aa for 2 h; most of the incorporated 14c-aa was then esterified into phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. ... | 1988 | 3132736 |
| actin-specific adp-ribosyltransferase produced by a clostridium difficile strain. | by screening possible adp-ribosyltransferase activities in culture supernatants from various clostridium species, we have found one clostridium difficile strain (cd196) (isolated in our laboratory) that is able to produce, in addition to toxins a and b, a new adp-ribosyltransferase that was shown to covalently modify cell actin as clostridium botulinum c2 or clostridium perfringens e iota toxins do. the molecular weight of the cd196 adp-ribosyltransferase (cdt) was determined to be 43 kilodalton ... | 1988 | 3137166 |
| membrane phospholipid polar heads influence the coupling of m2 muscarinic receptors to g proteins. | treating membranes from rat heart with phospholipase c (phosphatidylcholine choline phosphohydrolase) from clostridium perfringens increased the affinity of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (m2) for the agonists carbachol and oxotremorine. the affinity for antagonists was not affected. phospholipase c activity, i.e., the cleavage of polar heads of membrane phospholipids, led to the disappearance of the guanine nucleotide-dependent rightward shift of the isotherm for agonist binding. the treatm ... | 1988 | 3140043 |
| interferon pretreatment enhances the sensitivity of vero cells to clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin. | treatment of vero (african green monkey kidney) cells with interferon (ifn) before the addition of clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin (cpe) significantly increased the sensitivity of these cells to cpe. ifn pretreatment caused a subsequent two- to four-fold increase in cpe-induced membrane permeability alterations and also decreased the time of cpe treatment required before the onset of permeability alterations and morphologic damage. enhancement of cpe activity was dependent on the amou ... | 1987 | 3143038 |
| the penetration of fleroxacin into intra-abdominal abscesses. | using a recently developed, low mortality model of an intra-abdominal abscess in the wistar rat, we have studied the penetration of fleroxacin into the abscess. maximum serum concentration was 1.83 +/- 0.39 mg l and occurred 1 h after iv injection (20 mg/kg), but even at 4 h after administration the mean serum level was 1.21 +/- 0.27 mg/l. by contrast, levels in pus were 6.27 +/- 0.83 mg/l at 1 h rising steadily to a value of 12.7 +/- 3.69 mg/l at 4 h. the study has confirmed exceptional antibio ... | 1988 | 3144528 |
| [blockade of the inhibitory effect of clostridium perfringens alpha toxin on cytochrome p-450 using edtacal]. | | 1988 | 3144731 |
| bactericidal effects of photoradiation therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative. | hematoporphyrin derivative (hpd) localizes selectively in malignant and rapidly metabolizing tissues and undergoes a cytotoxic reaction when exposed to light of a specific wavelength. hpd has been studied extensively with regard to the diagnosis and treatment of tumors but not with regard to bactericidal activity. this investigation assessed the effect of light-activated hpd on various microorganisms, on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and on the interactions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes ... | 1985 | 3155547 |
| [sensitivity of obligate anaerobes to ofloxacin, pefloxacin, enoxacin and norfloxacin]. | the in vitro activity of four new quinolones against 355 obligate anaerobes was investigated. mics were determined using the reference method of sutter et al. [14]. the four fluorinated quinolones tested differ from nalidixic acid which is inactive on most anaerobes except for some clostridium perfringens strains. all strains tested were inhibited by 64 and 16 mg/l pefloxacin and ofloxacin respectively. except for bacteroides, all strains were inhibited by 64 mg/l norfloxacin or enoxacin. clostr ... | 1985 | 3162143 |
| damaging effects of clostridium perfringens delta toxin on blood platelets and their relevance to ganglioside gm2. | the lytic effect of clostridium perfringens delta toxin was investigated on goat, human, rabbit, and guinea pig platelets. in contrast to erythrocytes from the latter three species, which are insensitive to the toxin, the platelets were equally lysed by the same amount of toxin. these results suggest the presence of gm2 or gm2-like ganglioside(s) as a specific recognition site of the toxin on platelet plasmic membrane as previously established for sensitive erythrocytes. plasmic membrane damage ... | 1988 | 3162668 |
| interaction of n-acetyl-4-epi-d-neuraminic acid with key enzymes of sialic acid metabolism. | in spite of the axially orientated hydroxy group at c-4, the benzyl alpha-glycoside of n-acetyl-4-epi-d-neuraminic acid (4-epi-neuac) is a substrate for sialidases from vibrio cholerae, clostridium perfringens, and arthrobacter ureafaciens, although to an extent which differs depending on the enzyme. surprisingly, v. cholerae sialidase is by far the slowest acting enzyme; this is in contrast to its usual behavior. fowl plague virus sialidase and bovine testis sialidase also cleave this glycoside ... | 1988 | 3166979 |
| post-processing microflora and the shelf stability of gari marketed in port harcourt. | gari was examined for its post-processing microbial content. aerobic mesophilic bacteria and fungi were isolated from all samples. the total viable bacterial counts ranged from 2.0 x 10(2) to 8.0 x 10(4) cfu/g. fungal counts ranged from 1.0 x 10(2) to 1.5 x 10(4) cfu/g. the total viable counts of fresh samples were much lower than those of market and packaged samples. bacillus, micrococcus and proteus spp. were the bacteria isolated, aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus and penicillium spp. the ... | 1988 | 3170384 |
| phosphatidylcholine synthesis in platelets is stimulated by diacylglycerol but not by phorbol ester. | the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine (pc) in platelets was followed by measuring the incorporation of 32pi. incorporation into pc was stimulated by treatment with clostridium perfringens phospholipase c or with the synthetic diacylglycerol sn-1,2-dioctanoylglycerol. however, neither the phorbol ester tumour promoter 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or thrombin stimulated 32pi incorporation into pc. we conclude that phorbol ester does not stimulate the hydrolysis of pc to diacylglycerol in ... | 1988 | 3178864 |
| two-stage reimplantation in infected total knee arthroplasty. | twenty-one infected total knee arthroplasties (tka) in 21 patients were treated from september 1980 through october 1987. of these, 15 were followed for more than one year. treatment of these patients consisted of thorough debridement of all infected tissue and components; a cement spacer was used in ten patients. the cement was impregnated with antibiotics. this procedure was followed for an average of 4.2 weeks with intravenous antibiotics and tka utilizing antibiotic-impregnated cement. five ... | 1988 | 3180576 |
| ciprofloxacin in combination with metronidazole. | ciprofloxacin has a reduced activity against anaerobic pathogens. therefore, a combination of ciprofloxacin with an antimicrobial agent active against anaerobes, such as metronidazole, seems to be interesting for the treatment of mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections. high metronidazole concentrations (10 mg/l or 40 mg/l) neither affected the bactericidal efficacy of ciprofloxacin on aerobic pathogens, such as escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus faecalis ... | 1988 | 3182096 |
| the comparative in-vitro activity of ofloxacin. | the antibacterial activity of ofloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, was evaluated against a wide range of clinical bacterial isolates and compared with that of nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, enoxacin, pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics). ofloxacin was very active against nalidixic acid-susceptible isolates of the enterobacteriaceae (mic less than or equal to 0.12 mg/l) and was also active against strains resistant to nalidixic acid (mic less than o ... | 1988 | 3182468 |
| gas gangrene occurring soon after compound depressed skull fracture. | two cases of clostridium perfringens infection occurring less than 24 hours after compound depressed skull fracture are reported. the infection was principally intracranial in the first and extracranial in the second; both required surgical debridement and antibiotic treatment. attention is drawn to the rapidity with which a potentially life-threatening infection can develop in civilian head injury and to the implications for acute management of patients with compound depressed fractures. | 1988 | 3218554 |
| [aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora of crural ulcers]. | in a group of 600 patients treated in the metropolitan dermatological hospital in warsaw bacteriological examination were carried out of swabs from the untreated crural ulcers. in 95% of these cultures growth of pathological aerobic organisms was obtained. coagulase-positive staphylococci (st. aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus vulgaris, enterobacter sp and e. coli) prevailed. in 27% of cases the cultured strains were resistant to the generally available antibiot ... | 1988 | 3268941 |
| dynamics of drug-dna interactions: a comparative temperature jump study of ellipticinium and 9-hydroxy ellipticinium. | the temperature-jump method has been used to compare the binding of 2-n methyl ellipticinium (nme) and 2-n methyl 9 hydroxy ellipticinium (nmhe) to three natural dna's of different at/gc composition. the relaxation signals, analyzed by the padé-laplace method, are characterized by two distinct relaxation times, tau 1 and tau 2, respectively in the 1-4 ms and 20-80 ms range. in the case of the nmhe/dna interaction, the slower relaxation time tau 2 depends on the dna composition, as follows: tau 2 ... | 1988 | 3271531 |
| comparative activity of the 4-quinolones. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of the 4-quinolones ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, difloxacin, a-56620, and ci-934 are consistent world-wide, with allowances for differences in acquired resistance. mics of these drugs for enterobacteriaceae correlate with those of nalidixic acid, but resistance to the quinolones is rare if a breakpoint of greater than 2 mg/l is accepted. most intestinal pathogens are sensitive. acinetobacter, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and oth ... | 1988 | 3279501 |