| staphylococcus aureus vrax specifically inhibits the classical pathway of complement by binding to c1q. | vrax is a protein secreted by staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen. a dramatic over expression of vrax is observed when s. aureus is exposed to several antimicrobial agents; however, its function remains unclear. here, we aimed to reveal the function of this protein and the mechanism by which it affects the immune system to enhance the pathogenesis of the bacterium. our results showed that vrax specifically inhibited the classical pathway of the complement system. in particular, vr ... | 2017 | 28582645 |
| preliminary investigations into developing all-d omiganan for treating mupirocin-resistant mrsa skin infections. | staphylococcus aureus is the primary pathogen responsible for the majority of human skin infections, and meticillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) currently presents a major clinical concern. the overuse of mupirocin, the first-line topical antibacterial drug over 30 years, has led to the emergence of mupirocin-resistant mrsa, creating a clinical concern. the antimicrobial peptide omiganan was touted to be a promising antibacterial drug candidate due to its rapid membrane-disrupting bactericidal mod ... | 2017 | 28581672 |
| the role of biofilms in persistent infections and factors involved in ica-independent biofilm development and gene regulation in staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus biofilms represent a unique micro-environment that directly contribute to the bacterial fitness within hospital settings. the accumulation of this structure on implanted medical devices has frequently caused the development of persistent and chronic s. aureus-associated infections, which represent an important social and economic burden worldwide. ica-independent biofilms are composed of an assortment of bacterial products and modulated by a multifaceted and overlapping reg ... | 2017 | 28581360 |
| hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections in québec: impact of guidelines. | objective we examined the impact of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) guidelines in québec adult hospitals from january 1, 2006, to march 31, 2015, by examining the incidence rate reduction (irr) in healthcare-associated mrsa bloodstream infections (ha-mrsa), using central-line associated bloodstream infections (clabsis) as a comparator. methods in this study, we utilized a quasi-experimental design with poisson segmented regression to model ha-mrsa and clabsi incidence for succ ... | 2017 | 28580894 |
| exposure to visible light emitted from smartphones and tablets increases the proliferation of staphylococcus aureus: can this be linked to acne? | due to rapid advances in modern technologies such as telecommunication technology, the world has witnessed an exponential growth in the use of digital handheld devices (e.g. smartphones and tablets). this drastic growth has resulted in increased global concerns about the safety of these devices. smartphones, tablets, laptops, and other digital screens emit high levels of short-wavelength visible light (i.e. blue color region in the visible light spectrum). | 2017 | 28580338 |
| pathogenic characteristics of staphylococcus aureus endovascular infection isolates from different clonal complexes. | staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of bacteremia and, even with appropriate clinical management, causes high morbidity, and mortality due to its involvement in endovascular complications and metastatic infections. through different pathogenic in vivo and in vitro models we investigated the behavior of s. aureus most relevant clonal complexes (ccs) causing endovascular complications. we analyzed 14 s. aureus strains representing cc5, cc8, cc15, cc30, and cc45 that caused endovascular complica ... | 2017 | 28579985 |
| mutations of the transporter proteins glpt and uhpt confer fosfomycin resistance in staphylococcus aureus. | with the increasing spread of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus worldwide, fosfomycin has begun to be used more often, either alone or in combination with other antibiotics, for treating methicillin-resistant s. aureus infections, resulting in the emergence of fosfomycin-resistant strains. fosfomycin resistance is reported to be mediated by fosfomycin-modifying enzymes (fosa, fosb, fosc, and fosx) and mutations of the target enzyme mura or the membrane transporter proteins uhpt and glp ... | 2017 | 28579984 |
| an update on clinical burden, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic options of staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen responsible for a variety of diseases ranging from mild skin and soft tissue infections, food poisoning to highly serious diseases such as osteomyelitis, endocarditis, and toxic shock syndrome. proper diagnosis of pathogen and virulence factors is important for providing timely intervention in the therapy. owing to the invasive nature of infections and the limited treatment options due to rampant spread of antibiotic-resistant strains, the trend for ... | 2017 | 28579798 |
| comparison of the clinical features and outcomes of infective endocarditis between hemodialysis and non-hemodialysis patients. | hemodialysis (hd) patients are more susceptible to infective endocarditis (ie) due to the increased risk of bacterial invasion through intravascular access. however, it remains unclear whether the causative organisms and outcomes of ie in hd patients differ from those in non-hd patients. this study clarified the differences in clinical presentation and outcomes between hd and non-hd patients. at our hospital, we performed a retrospective study of 39 hd and 51 non-hd patients with echocardiograph ... | 2017 | 28579790 |
| two highly divergent lineages of exfoliative toxin b-encoding plasmids revealed in impetigo strains of staphylococcus aureus. | exfoliative toxin b (etb) encoded by some large plasmids plays a crucial role in epidermolytic diseases caused by staphylococcus aureus. we have found as yet unknown types of etb gene-positive plasmids isolated from a set of impetigo strains implicated in outbreaks of pemphigus neonatorum in czech maternity hospitals. plasmids from the strains of clonal complex cc121 were related to archetypal plasmid petbty4. sharing a 33-kb core sequence including virulence genes for etb, edin c, and lantibiot ... | 2017 | 28579477 |
| efficacy of intramuscular moxifloxacin in the treatment of experimental osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | fluoroquinolones have been well studied in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis due to their beneficial pharmacokinetic (pk) and pharmacodynamic profiles. the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of intramuscular (im) moxifloxacin administration in the treatment of experimental osteomyelitis by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. following an experimental osteomyelitis animal model described previously, three groups of rabbits (a = control; b = im moxifloxacin administr ... | 2017 | 28579454 |
| prevention of icaa regulated poly n-acetyl glucosamine formation in staphylococcus aureus biofilm through new-drug like inhibitors: in silico approach and md simulation study. | the effectiveness of various ligands against the protein structure of icaa of the icaabcd gene locus of staphylococcus aureus were examined using the approach of structure based drug designing in reference with the protein's efficiency to form biofilms. | 2017 | 28579399 |
| povidone-iodine-based solutions for decolonization of nasal staphylococcus aureus: a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled study. | nasal staphylococcus aureus decolonization reduces the risk of surgical site infections after orthopedic procedures. povidone-iodine (pi)-based solutions have shown promising results in bacteria decolonization. the unique physiology of the nose may pose challenges for the bioactivity profiles of pi solutions. this study compared the antibacterial efficacy of an off-the-shelf pi product with a specifically manufactured pi-based skin and nasal antiseptic (sna). | 2017 | 28578841 |
| direct bacterial loop-mediated isothermal amplification detection on the pathogenic features of the nosocomial pathogen - methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus strains with respiratory origins. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification based detection assays using bacterial culture or colony for direct detection of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus(mrsa) had been developed and evaluated, followed by its extensive application on a large scale of clinical mrsa isolated from respiratory origins, including nasal swabs and sputums. six primers, including outer primers, inner primers and loop primers, were specifically designed for recognizing eight distinct sequences on four targets: ... | 2017 | 28578093 |
| in-vitro activity of several antimicrobial agents against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) isolates expressing aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes: potency of plazomicin alone and in combination with other agents. | this study investigated the in-vitro activity of clinically relevant aminoglycosides and new antimicrobial agents-plazomicin, ceftobiprole and dalbavancin-against 55 methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) isolates producing aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (ames). the checkerboard method was used to assess synergism between plazomicin and four antibiotics (fosfomycin, ceftobiprole, cefoxitin and meropenem), and time-kill assays were performed for the most active combinations. among t ... | 2017 | 28577932 |
| preoperative staphylococcus aureus screening and targeted decolonization in cardiac surgery. | we assessed the impact of preoperative staphylococcus aureus screening and targeted decolonization on the incidence of postoperative methicillin-resistant s aureus (mrsa) colonization, intensive care unit mrsa transmission, and surgical site infections in cardiac surgery patients. | 2017 | 28577844 |
| shrimp tab1 interacts with tak1 and p38 and activates the host innate immune response to bacterial infection. | mammalian tab1 has been previously identified as transforming growth factor-β (tgf-β)-activated kinase 1 (tak1) binding protein, which functions as the activator of tak1 and p38. this report, for the first time, identified and characterized the homolog of tab1 in shrimp, to be specific, the homolog gene from litopenaeus vannamei, containing a 1560-bp open reading frame (orf) that encoded a putative protein of 519 amino acids with the conserved pp2cc (serine/threonine phosphatases, family 2c, cat ... | 2017 | 28577391 |
| prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus in lumbini medical college and teaching hospital, palpa, western nepal. | multidrug resistant staphylococcus aureus is common in both tertiary and primary health care settings. emergence of methicillin resistance in s. aureus (mrsa) along with macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin b (mlsb) has made treatment of staphylococcal infection more challenging. the main objective of this study was to detect mrsa, mlsb (inducible; mlsbi and constitutive; mlsbc) resistant s. aureus using phenotypic methods and to determine their antibiogram. | 2017 | 28577365 |
| linezolid versus vancomycin in methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus nosocomial pneumonia in the elderly. | | 2017 | 28576638 |
| epidemiology of infections and antimicrobial use in australian haemodialysis outpatients: findings from a victorian surveillance network, 2008-2015. | patients with chronic renal failure who require haemodialysis are at high risk for infections. | 2017 | 28576453 |
| endogenous methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis secondary to axillary phlegmon: a case report. | | 2017 | 28576230 |
| effects of dnase i coating of titanium on bacteria adhesion and biofilm formation. | the removal of mature biofilm from the surface of implant has been a formidable challenge in treating implant-associated infection. prevention of biofilm formation rather than removal of existing biofilm is a more effective approach. immobilization of biofilm-dispersing enzymes on material surfaces is regarded as one of the most promising strategies. deoxyribonuclease i (dnase i) can degrade extracellular dna (edna) and then destabilize biofilm. in this study, dnase i was immobilized on a titani ... | 2017 | 28576044 |
| carboxylated chitosan/silver-hydroxyapatite hybrid microspheres with improved antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility. | the implant-associated infection remains a serious problem in clinic. a better compromise between the anti-infection property and biocompatibility of bone filling materials is still required. in this work, carboxylated chitosan/silver-hydroxyapatite (cmcs/ag-ha) hybrid microspheres were fabricated via a facile gas diffusion method. cmcs and ag ion were evenly distributed into hybrid microspheres. cmcs regulated the morphological characteristics of the as-synthesized hybrid microspheres. as the c ... | 2017 | 28576025 |
| a highly bioactive poly (amido amine)/70s30c bioactive glass hybrid with photoluminescent and antimicrobial properties for bone regeneration. | the field of tissue engineering constantly calls for novel biomaterials that possess intrinsically multifunctional properties such as bioactivity, bioimaging ability and antibacterial properties. in this paper, poly (amido amine) generation 5/bioactive glass inorganic-organic hybrids have been developed through direct hybridization by 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (gptms) as coupling agent. results indicated that the degree of covalent coupling by gptms and the weight percent of inorganic an ... | 2017 | 28575949 |
| molecular characterization of staphylococcus aureus isolates from children with periorbital or orbital cellulitis. | periorbital and orbital cellulitis cause significant pediatric morbidity. here, we define the clinical features of and characterize isolates from children with periorbital or orbital cellulitis caused by staphylococcus aureus at texas children's hospital in houston. | 2017 | 28575438 |
| emergence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections in denmark. | livestock-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 398 (la-mrsa cc398) is causing an increasing number of skin and soft tissue infections (sstis) in denmark and other european countries with industrial pig production. yet, its impact on mrsa bloodstream infections (bsis) has not been well studied. | 2017 | 28575216 |
| molecular epidemiology of staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in a single large minnesota medical center in 2015 as assessed using mlst, core genome mlst and spa typing. | staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bacteremia in hospitalized patients. whether or not s. aureus bacteremia (sab) is associated with clonality, implicating potential nosocomial transmission, has not, however, been investigated. herein, we examined the epidemiology of sab using whole genome sequencing (wgs). 152 sab isolates collected over the course of 2015 at a single large minnesota medical center were studied. staphylococcus protein a (spa) typing was performed by pcr/sanger sequenci ... | 2017 | 28575112 |
| the whole price of vancomycin: toxicities, troughs, and time. | vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is active against gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. nephrotoxicity, which is usually reversible, is the most serious common adverse effect of vancomycin. vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity prolongs hospital stays, imposes a need for additional antibiotics and, in rare circumstances, dialysis treatment, and increases medical costs and mortality. risk factors for nephrotoxicity include the dose and duration ... | 2017 | 28573434 |
| identification of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) using simultaneous detection of meca, nuc, and femb by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp). | the aim of this study was to develop a rapid detection assay to identify methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus by simultaneous testing for the meca, nuc, and femb genes using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method. lamp primers were designed using online bio-software ( http://primerexplorer.jp/e/ ), and amplification reactions were performed in an isothermal temperature bath. the products were then examined using 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. meca, nuc, and femb were co ... | 2017 | 28573341 |
| evaluation of antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant activities and phenolic constituents of field-grown and in vitro-grown lysimachia vulgaris l. | lysimachia vulgaris l. (yellow loosestrife) is a medicinal plant in the family myrsinaceae. it has been used in the treatment of fever, ulcer, diarrhea and wounds in folk medicine. it has also analgesic, expectorant, astringent and anti-inflammatory activities. two different sources of the plant (field-grown and in vitro-grown) were used to evaluate the biological activities (antibacterial, antitumor and antioxidant) of l. vulgaris. in vitro-grown plant materials were collected from l. vulgaris ... | 2017 | 28573234 |
| the biological activities of moltkia aurea boiss., an endemic species to turkey. | staphylococcus aureus is the direct reason of mastitis. mastitis is a disease characterized by pathological changes in mammary glands as well as physical, chemical, bacteriological changes in milk. this disease causes loses in milk yield and quality. in recent years, it is reported that mastitis pathogens have developed a resistance to antibiotics as a natural consequence of widespread use of it. today's researches are focused on discovering and using new antibiotics against bacteria. the aim of ... | 2017 | 28573222 |
| late-onset methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection after facial poly-l-lactic acid injection. | | 2017 | 28573102 |
| cephalosporin-glycopeptide combinations for use against clinical methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates: enhanced in vitro antibacterial activity. | the empirical combination of both a beta-lactam and glycopeptide to counter potential staphylococcal pathogens may improve the clinical outcomes for cases of staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. we reported comparative in vitro studies of combination effects of different cephalosporins (i.e., cefazolin, cefmetazole, cefotaxime, and cefepime) combined with glycopeptides for 34 randomly selected methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) isolates by three methods, including the checkerboard, time-killing ... | 2017 | 28572795 |
| complete genome sequence of a community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus hypervirulent strain, usa300-c2406, isolated from a patient with a lethal case of necrotizing pneumonia. | usa300 is a predominant community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strain causing significant morbidity and mortality. we present here the full annotated genome of a usa300 hypervirulent clinical strain, usa300-c2406, isolated from a patient with a lethal case of necrotizing pneumonia, to gain a better understanding of usa300 hypervirulence. | 2017 | 28572329 |
| draft genome sequence of the vancomycin-resistant clinical isolate staphylococcus aureus vrs3b. | we report here the draft genome sequence of the vancomycin-resistant strain staphylococcus aureus vrs3b. the 2.8-mb genome, assembled into 46 contigs, harbored 2,915 putative coding sequences. the g+c content of the genome was 32.7%. | 2017 | 28572324 |
| patients' hand washing and reducing hospital-acquired infection. | hand hygiene is important to prevent hospital-acquired infections. patients' hand hygiene is just as important as hospital workers' hand hygiene. hospital-acquired infection rates remain a concern across health centers. | 2017 | 28572111 |
| host-pathogen interactions in bovine mammary epithelial cells and hela cells by staphylococcus aureus isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis. | staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen that causes subclinical bovine mastitis due to several virulence factors. in this study, we analyzed s. aureus isolates collected from the milk of cows with subclinical mastitis that had 8 possible combinations of bap, icaa, and icad genes, to determine their capacity to produce biofilm on biotic (bovine primary mammary epithelial cells and hela cells) and abiotic (polystyrene microplates) surfaces, and their ability to adhere to and invade these cells. ... | 2017 | 28571985 |
| staphylococcus aureus δ-toxin in aqueous solution: behavior in monomeric and multimeric states. | δ-toxin is a 26 amino acid peptide capable of lysing several mammalian cell types and subcellular structures. structurally, δ-toxin predominantly exhibits a α-helical secondary structure in membranes but, in aqueous solution, it adopts varying helical content. as no atomic-level data is available for this peptide in aqueous solutions and for the water-to-membrane transition, this work aims to characterize δ-toxin behavior in these conditions through molecular dynamics simulations in triplicates ... | 2017 | 28571840 |
| bacterial contamination of adult house flies (musca domestica) and sensitivity of these bacteria to various antibiotics, captured from hamadan city, iran. | house flies (musca domestica) have been known as a mechanical vector in spreading infectious diseases such as cholera, shigellosis, salmonellosis and skin infections. | 2017 | 28571138 |
| in vitro antistaphylococcal synergistic effect of isoflavone metabolite demethyltexasin with amoxicillin and oxacillin. | staphylococcal infections are often hard to treat due to increasing resistance, especially to β-lactams. previous studies described the synergy between common antibiotics and isoflavonoids; however, little is yet known about the combinatory effects of antibiotics with products of human isoflavone metabolism. in this study, demethyltexasin (dt), a human body metabolite of soybean isoflavones, was evaluated for its possible antistaphylococcal combinatory effect with amoxicillin and oxacillin. for ... | 2017 | 28570834 |
| mathematical models of infection transmission in healthcare settings: recent advances from the use of network structured data. | mathematical modeling approaches have brought important contributions to the study of pathogen spread in healthcare settings over the last 20 years. here, we conduct a comprehensive systematic review of mathematical models of disease transmission in healthcare settings and assess the application of contact and patient transfer network data over time and their impact on our understanding of transmission dynamics of infections. | 2017 | 28570284 |
| methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus not detected in swedish nucleus and multiplying pig herds. | introduction: livestock-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (la-mrsa) has emerged among pigs in many countries. mrsa in the pig population constitute a reservoir with risk for transmission to humans in close contact with pigs. absence of mrsa in the top of the breeding pyramid would prevent spread to the rest of the pig population. the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of mrsa in nucleus and multiplying pig herds in sweden. materials and methods: all nucleus ... | 2017 | 28567211 |
| hyperimmunoglobulin e syndrome: genetics, immunopathogenesis, clinical findings, and treatment modalities. | the hyperimmunoglobulin e syndromes (hiess) are very rare immunodeficiency syndromes with multisystem involvement, including immune system, skeleton, connective tissue, and dentition. hies are characterized by the classic triad of high serum levels of immunoglobulin e (ige), recurrent staphylococcal cold skin abscess, and recurrent pneumonia with pneumatocele formation. most cases of hies are sporadic although can be inherited as autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive traits. a fundamental i ... | 2017 | 28567072 |
| acute carpal tunnel syndrome due to pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis without any antecedent injury. | we herein report a case of acute carpal tunnel syndrome due to pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis in the absence of any antecedent injury whose rapid progression and course was similar to that seen with necrotizing fasciitis. this potentially disastrous clinical condition must be promptly recognized, since it needs early surgical management to prevent morbidity. | 2017 | 28566613 |
| necrotizing enterocolitis - classification and two initial steps towards prevention. | the premature infant suffers from immaturity of all organ systems, one of them being the gastrointestinal tract. when the infant is born, the immature gastrointestinal tract is exposed to milk and simultaneously colonized by high densities of bacteria. the combination of milk, microbiota and an immature gut, leaves the infant vulnerable to developing the dreaded intestinal emergency necrotizing enterocolitis (nec). nec is often very aggressive and no cure exists, which means that prevention is a ... | 2017 | 28566122 |
| effects of glucocorticoid on the expression and regulation of aquaporin 5 in the paranasal sinus of rats with chronic rhinosinusitis. | aquaporins (aqps) are water-specific membrane channel proteins that regulate water homeostasis for cells and organisms. aqp5 serves an important role in the maintenance of mucosal water homeostasis, and potentially contributes to mucosal edema and inflammation formation in chronic rhinosinusitis (crs). the aim of the present study was to explore the expression pattern of aqp5 and the effect of glucocorticoids on aqp5 expression in rats with crs. the rats were randomly divided into three equal gr ... | 2017 | 28565763 |
| nasal colonization and bacterial contamination of mobile phones carried by medical staff in the operating room. | mobile phones (mps) have been an essential part of the lives of healthcare professionals and have improved communication, collaboration, and sharing of information. nonetheless, the widespread use of mps in hospitals has raised concerns of nosocomial infections, especially in areas requiring the highest hygienic standards such as operating rooms (ors). this study evaluated the incidence of bacterial contamination of the mps carried by medical staff working in the or and determined its associatio ... | 2017 | 28562676 |
| epidemiology of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in children. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) bacteremia is associated with high rates of treatment failure in adults. the epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and risk factors for treatment failure associated with mrsa bacteremia in children are poorly understood. | 2017 | 28562284 |
| biofilm formation and virulence factor analysis of staphylococcus aureus isolates collected from ovine mastitis. | to perform a phenotypic and genotypic characterization of 258 staphylococcus aureus isolates from clinical ovine mastitis and used for the preparation of inactivated autogenous vaccines. | 2017 | 28561911 |
| heterogeneity among neutrophils. | neutrophils (pmns) play a key role in innate defence mechanisms. generally, pmns were considered to have a homogeneous population of mature and diversified cells. it seems, however, that their pleiotropic action results from the existence of different subpopulations in this group of cells. there are data that confirm the involvement of pmns in the direct activation of other cells in non-specific response, as well as specialised cells in specific response. for example, there have been observation ... | 2017 | 28560557 |
| the anti-staphylococcus aureus effect of combined echinophora platyloba essential oil and liquid smoke in beef. | in the current study, the antibacterial effect of echinophora platyloba essential oil and common liquid smoke (individually and in combination) against staphylococcus aureus in beef meat samples is investigated. using an automated microbiological growth analyser and the turbidimetric technique, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbc) of the essential oil and liquid smoke were determined. anti-s. aureus activity of essential oil and liquid smo ... | 2017 | 28559740 |
| inhibition of dna replication in staphylococcus aureus by tegaserod. | | 2017 | 28559577 |
| efflux transporter of siderophore staphyloferrin a in staphylococcus aureus contributes to bacterial fitness in abscesses and epithelial cells. | the siderophores staphyloferrin a (sa) and staphyloferrin b (sb) of staphylococcus aureus are essential for iron acquisition in the iron-restricted environment of the host, such as in subcutaneous abscesses. sa and sb are secreted by sfaa and sbnd transporters, respectively. to assess the further function of sfaa and sbnd in s. aureus fitness, we tested its effect on murine abscess models and intracellular replication in epithelial cells. bacterial fitness in abscesses and in epithelial cells wa ... | 2017 | 28559406 |
| efficient killing of planktonic and biofilm-embedded coagulase-negative staphylococci by bactericidal protein p128. | coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons) are the major causative agents of foreign-body-related infections, including catheter-related bloodstream infections. because of the involvement of biofilms, foreign-body-related infections are difficult to treat. p128, a chimeric recombinant phage-derived ectolysin, has been shown to possess bactericidal activity on strains of staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa). we tested the killing potential of p128 on three clinical ... | 2017 | 28559263 |
| porous iron-carboxylate metal-organic framework: a novel bioplatform with sustained antibacterial efficacy and nontoxicity. | sustained drug release plays a critical role in targeting the therapy of local diseases such as bacterial infections. in the present work, porous iron-carboxylate metal-organic framework [mof-53(fe)] nanoparticles (nps) were designed to entrap the vancomycin (van) drugs. this system exhibited excellent chemical stability under acidic conditions (ph 7.4, 6.5, and 5.5) and much higher drug-loading capability because of the high porosity and large surface area of mof nps. the results showed that th ... | 2017 | 28558188 |
| effect of meteorological factors and geographic location on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci colonization in the us. | little is known about the effect of meteorological conditions and geographical location on bacterial colonization rates particularly of antibiotic-resistant gram-positive bacteria. we aimed to evaluate the effect of season, meteorological factors, and geographic location on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) colonization. | 2017 | 28558010 |
| anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects of covalently attached biomembrane-mimic polymer grafts on gore-tex implants. | expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (eptfe), also known as gore-tex, is widely used as an implantable biomaterial in biomedical applications because of its favorable mechanical properties and biochemical inertness. however, infection and inflammation are two major complications with eptfe implantations, because pathogenic bacteria can inhabit the microsized pores, without clearance by host immune cells, and the limited biocompatibility can induce foreign body reactions. to minimize these complicati ... | 2017 | 28557438 |
| binary encoding of random peptide sequences for selective and differential antimicrobial mechanisms. | binary encoding of peptide sequences into differential antimicrobial mechanisms is reported. such sequences are random in composition, but controllable in chain length, are assembled from the same two amino acids, but differ in the stereochemistry of one. regardless of chirality, the sequences lyse bacteria including the "superbugs" methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre). sequences with the same chirality, so-called homochiral sequences, ass ... | 2017 | 28557193 |
| staphylococcus aureus in critical care - authors' reply. | | 2017 | 28555579 |
| staphylococcus aureus in critical care. | | 2017 | 28555578 |
| clinical characteristics and outcomes of septic bursitis. | limited data guide practice in evaluation and treatment of septic bursitis. we aimed to characterize clinical characteristics, microbiology, and outcomes of patients with septic bursitis stratified by bursal involvement, presence of trauma, and management type. | 2017 | 28555416 |
| emerging multidrug-resistant bengal bay clone st772-mrsa-v in norway: molecular epidemiology 2004-2014. | a multidrug-resistant, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) clone, pvl-positive st772-mrsa-v, named the bengal bay clone, is emerging worldwide. in norway, where mrsa prevalence is low, a sudden increase in st772-mrsa-v initiated a nationwide molecular epidemiological study. clinical data were obtained from the norwegian surveillance system for communicable diseases (msis). s. aureus isolates were characterised by antibiotic susceptibility profiles and comprehensive genotyping (spa ... | 2017 | 28555401 |
| the atp-dependent protease clpp inhibits biofilm formation by regulating agr and cell wall hydrolase sle1 in staphylococcus aureus. | biofilm causes hospital-associated infections on indwelling medical devices. in staphylococcus aureus, biofilm formation is controlled by intricately coordinated network of regulating systems, of which the atp-dependent protease clpp shows an inhibitory effect. here, we demonstrate that the inhibitory effect of clpp on biofilm formation is through agr and the cell wall hydrolase sle1. biofilm formed by clpp mutant consists of proteins and extracellular dna (edna). the increase of the protein was ... | 2017 | 28555174 |
| acute finger-tip infection: management and treatment. a 103-case series. | acute fingertip infections (afti) are common. surgical treatment is the norm in case of effusion. there is, however, no consensus on treatment modalities, or on adjuvant antibiotic therapy (at). we present the results of a consecutive cohort of 103 aftis treated in emergency consultation. | 2017 | 28554808 |
| the role of cr3 (cd11b/cd18) and cr4 (cd11c/cd18) in complement-mediated phagocytosis and podosome formation by human phagocytes. | cr3 and cr4 belong to the family of β2-integrins and play an important role in phagocytosis, cellular adherence and migration. cr3 and cr4 are generally expected to mediate similar functions due to their structural homology, overlapping ligand specificity and parallel expression on human phagocytes. although the different signalling pathways of these receptors suggest distinct functions, possible differences are just being revealed. previously we proved that cr3 plays a key role in the uptake of ... | 2017 | 28554712 |
| two new monoterpenoid glycosides from the fresh rhizome of tongling white ginger (zingiber officinale). | two new monoterpenoid glycosides, trans-1,8-cineole-3,6-dihydroxy-3-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), and 5,9-dihydroxy borneol 2-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), together with four known monoterpenoid glycosides (3-6), were isolated from the water-soluble constituents of the fresh rhizome of tongling white ginger (zingiber officinale). their structures were decisively elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. in vitro tests for antimicrobial activity showed that compounds 1 and 3 possess significant activity ag ... | 2017 | 28554232 |
| lipid ii overproduction allows direct assay of transpeptidase inhibition by β-lactams. | peptidoglycan is an essential crosslinked polymer that surrounds bacteria and protects them from osmotic lysis. β-lactam antibiotics target the final stages of peptidoglycan biosynthesis by inhibiting the transpeptidases that crosslink glycan strands to complete cell wall assembly. characterization of transpeptidases and their inhibition by β-lactams have been hampered by lack of access to a suitable substrate. we describe a general approach to accumulate lipid ii in bacteria and to obtain large ... | 2017 | 28553948 |
| hypoxia modulates the response of mast cells to staphylococcus aureus infection. | to study the antimicrobial function of immune cells ex vivo, cells are commonly cultivated under atmospheric oxygen concentrations (20-21%; normoxia), although the physiological oxygen conditions in vivo are significantly lower in most tissues. especially during an acute infection, oxygen concentration locally decreases to hypoxic levels around or below 1%. the goal of this study was to investigate the effect of hypoxia on the activity of mast cells (mcs). mcs were cultivated for 3 or 24 h at 1% ... | 2017 | 28553287 |
| molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance profiles of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains in a tertiary hospital in china. | analysis of the genotypic characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is essential for the control and treatment of diseases caused by this important pathogen. in this study, mrsa isolates obtained from a tertiary caret hospital in china were subjected to spa typing, sccmec typing, multiple locus sequence typing (mlst), and pcr targeting of the genes encoding panton-valentine leukocidin (pvl). the disk diffusion method was used ... | 2017 | 28553271 |
| acute hematogenous osteomyelitis presenting as a "cold" rib in a child. | a "cold" defect or an area of decreased radiotracer deposition is the less common appearance of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (aho) on a tc99 m-methylene disphosphonate (tc99 m-mdp) bone scan. group a beta-hemolytic streptococcus (gabhs) is a significantly less common cause of aho than staphylococcus aureus, particularly when the infection involves the pelvis or flat bones such as the ribs. here, we present a case report of isolated acute "cold" hematogenous osteomyelitis in a rib of a child ... | 2017 | 28553185 |
| metalware-associated orthopaedic infections caused by staphylococcus lugdunensis: an emerging pathogen. | | 2017 | 28552764 |
| expression of cxcr1 (il-8 receptor a) in splenic, peritoneal macrophages and resident bone marrow cells after acute live or heat killed staphylococcus aureus stimulation in mice. | literature reveals that interaction with live staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) or heat killed s. aureus (hksa) promotes secretion of cxcl-8 or interleukin-8 (il-8) from leukocytes, however, the expressions of cxcr1 in murine splenic (spm), peritoneal macrophages (pm) and resident fresh bone marrow cells (fbmc) have not been identified. currently, very few studies are available on the functional characterization of cxcr1 in mouse macrophage subtypes and its modulation in relation to acute s. aur ... | 2017 | 28552636 |
| prevalence of skin infections caused by panton-valentine leukocidin-positive methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in japan, particularly in ishigaki, okinawa. | the prevalence of panton-valentine leukocidin gene (pvl)-positive community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus usa300 clone, which is designated as the st8-staphylococcal cassette chromosome (scc) mec type iv (st8-iv) lineage, is a major public health concern worldwide. thus, to elucidate the prevalence and characteristics of pvl-positive community-onset mrsa in japan, we conducted a molecular epidemiological analysis for 854 s. aureus isolates obtained from outpatients with sk ... | 2017 | 28552322 |
| community-acquired staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: studies of risk and prognosis with special attention to diabetes mellitus and chronic heart failure. | community-acquired staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (ca-sab) is a serious infection with detrimental clinical effects. chronic diseases constitute some of the most important risk and prognostic factors for ca-sab. the prevalence of diabetes and chronic heart failure (chf) is rapidly increasing on a global scale, nevertheless, there are few data available specifically elucidating the influence of these chronic conditions on ca-sab risk and outcome. therefore, to extend the current knowledge, we a ... | 2017 | 28552097 |
| venom of the peruvian snake bothriopsis oligolepis: detection of antibacterial activity and involvement of proteolytic enzymes and c-type lectins in growth inhibition of staphylococcus aureus. | there is a rising interest in snake venoms proteins (svps) because these macromolecules are related to pharmacological properties that manifest themselves during poisoning and can lead to secondary microbial infections. interestingly, researchers have somehow neglected the antimicrobial activity of svps. the aims of this study were: (i) to verify whether the venom of the peruvian snake bothriopsis oligolepis displays such activity; (ii) to isolate and identify some of its antimicrobial constitue ... | 2017 | 28549866 |
| high virulence of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus st30-sccmecivc-spat019, the dominant community-associated clone in argentina. | community-acquired methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus emerged as a worldwide health problem in the last few years. in argentina, it is found in 70% of skin and skin structure infections in previously healthy adult patients and causes severe invasive diseases. the st30-sccmecivc-spat019 clone is predominant in adult infections and has displaced the previously prevalent st5-sccmeciva-spat311 clone in community settings. in the present work we compared the virulence of both clones in order ... | 2017 | 28549830 |
| variable performance of four commercial chromogenic media for detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates harbouring mecc. | in this study, the performances of four methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) chromogenic screening media were compared for detecting mecc-positive mrsa. using 111 clinical isolates representative of the various mecc-mrsa clones in europe, chromid(®) mrsa (biomérieux) and brilliance(tm) mrsa 2 (oxoid ltd.) showed higher sensitivity (99.1% and 97.3%, respectively) than bbl(tm) chromagar(®) mrsa ii (bd diagnostics) and mrsaselect(tm) (bio-rad) (79.3% and 63.1%, respectively) (p <0.000 ... | 2017 | 28549606 |
| controlled release of naringin in metal-organic framework-loaded mineralized collagen coating to simultaneously enhance osseointegration and antibacterial activity. | two important goals in orthopedic implant research are to promote osseointegration and prevent infection. however, much previous effort has been focused on the design of coatings to either enhance osseointegration while ignoring antibacterial activity or vice versa, to prevent infection while ignoring bone integration. here, we designed a multifunctional mineralized collagen coating on titanium with the aid of metal-organic framework (mof) nanocrystals to control the release of naringin, a chine ... | 2017 | 28548484 |
| complete genome sequence of staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage psa-3. | staphylococcus aureus phage psa-3, isolated in south korea from a sewage sample, has a 137-kb genome with 29% g+c content. this phage was targeted to control the bacteria in clinical isolates (mainly from skin lesions) and can be used in the decolonization of s. aureus. | 2017 | 28546473 |
| clinical outcomes of intestinal transplant recipients colonized with multidrug-resistant organisms: a retrospective study. | rates of multidrug-resistant organisms (mdro) colonization among intestinal transplant (itx) recipients have not been reported. colonization rates with vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (vre), carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (cr-gnb), and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) were obtained retrospectively in adults undergoing itx (isolated or multivisceral) from 1/2009 to 12/2015. we assessed for vre, cr-gnb, and mrsa bacteremia during the first year post-transplant for ... | 2017 | 28544183 |
| in vitro bactericidal activity of blue light (465 nm) phototherapy on meticillin-susceptible and meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius. | staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the most common cause of bacterial skin infections in dogs. meticillin-resistant infections have become more common and are challenging to treat. blue light phototherapy may be an option for treating these infections. | 2017 | 28543810 |
| successful treatment of methicillin susceptible staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis with oritavancin. | staphylococcus aureus remains the most common causative pathogen in osteomyelitis. new or alternative therapies are often needed to treat s. aureus infections adequately in patients with drug allergies, treatment failures, or drug interactions. oritavancin is a novel long-acting lipoglycopeptide approved by the u.s. food and drug administration in 2014 for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. with a terminal half-life of 8-10 days, oritavancin dosing regimens with ... | 2017 | 28543367 |
| multisite external validation of a risk prediction model for the diagnosis of blood stream infections in febrile pediatric oncology patients without severe neutropenia. | pediatric oncology patients are at an increased risk of invasive bacterial infection due to immunosuppression. the risk of such infection in the absence of severe neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count ≥ 500/μl) is not well established and a validated prediction model for blood stream infection (bsi) risk offers clinical usefulness. | 2017 | 28542918 |
| the epidemiology of staphylococcus aureus carriage in patients attending inner city sexually transmitted infections and community clinics in calgary, canada. | although the nares represent the most common carriage site for traditional hospital-associated strains of staphylococcus aureus (sa), the predominant site of carriage of sa in the community is less certain. | 2017 | 28542601 |
| antigen delivery to dendritic cells shapes human cd4+ and cd8+ t cell memory responses to staphylococcus aureus. | intracellular persistence of staphylococcus aureus favors bacterial spread and chronic infections. here, we provide evidence for the existence of human cd4+ and cd8+ t cell memory against staphylococcal antigens. notably, the latter could provide a missing link in our understanding of immune control of intracellular s. aureus. the analyses showed that pulsing of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (modc) with native staphylococcal protein antigens induced release of th2-associated cytokines and med ... | 2017 | 28542586 |
| surgical site infection research opportunities. | much has been done to identify measures and modify risk factors to decrease the rate of surgical site infection (ssi). development of the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) core recommendations for the prevention of ssi revealed evidence gaps in six areas: parenteral antimicrobial prophylaxis, glycemic control, normothermia, oxygenation, antiseptic prophylaxis, and non-parenteral antimicrobial prophylaxis. using a modified delphi process, seven ssi content experts identified nutrit ... | 2017 | 28541807 |
| optimization of linezolid therapy in the critically ill: the effect of adjusted infusion regimens. | insufficient linezolid levels, which are associated with a poorer outcome, are often observed in icu patients who receive standard dosing. although strategies to overcome these insufficient levels have been discussed, appropriate alternative dosing regimens remain to be identified. | 2017 | 28541510 |
| multitargeted flavonoid inhibition of the pathogenic bacterium staphylococcus aureus: a proteomic characterization. | growth inhibition of the pathogen staphylococcus aureus with currently available antibiotics is problematic in part due to bacterial biofilm protection. although recently characterized natural products, including 3',4',5-trihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-flavone [1], 3',4',5,6,7-pentahydroxy-flavone [2], and 5-hydroxy-4',7-dimethoxy-flavone [3], exhibit both antibiotic and biofilm inhibitory activities, the mode of action of such hydroxylated flavonoids with respect to s. aureus inhibition is yet to be c ... | 2017 | 28541047 |
| methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus sacroiliac joint septic arthritis in an adult patient treated with daptomycin. | sacroiliac joint septic arthritis is a rare disease entity representing 1-2% of all cases of septic arthritis. establishment of the diagnosis is often challenging given the non-specific presenting features and the potential cross-over with other pathologies. we report the case of a 50 year old gentleman who suffers with psoriasis and presented with sacroiliac joint septic arthritis complicated by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) bacteraemia and an iliopsoas abscess. this was su ... | 2017 | 28540151 |
| improved annotations of 23 differentially expressed hypothetical proteins in methicillin resistant s.aureus. | antibiotic resistant staphylococcus aureus is a major public health concern effecting millions of people annually. medical science has documented completely untreatable s. aureus infections. these strains are appearing in the community with increasing frequency. new diagnostic and therapeutic options are needed to combat this deadly infection. interestingly, around 50% of the proteins in s. aureus are annotated as hypothetical. methods to select hypothetical proteins related to antibiotic resist ... | 2017 | 28539731 |
| purpuric drug eruptions caused by epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer: a clinicopathologic study of 32 cases. | purpuric skin lesions have only rarely been reported in patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. however, their clinical and histopathologic presentations have varied considerably. | 2017 | 28538945 |
| characteristics of and risk factors for severe neurological deficit in patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis: a case-control study. | severe neurological deficit (snd) is a rare but major complication of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (pvo). we aimed to determine the risk factors and the variables associated with clinical improvement for snd during pvo.this case-control study included patients without pvo-associated snd enrolled in a prospective randomized antibiotic duration study, and patients with pvo-associated snd managed in 8 french referral centers. risk factors for snd were determined by logistic regression.ninety-se ... | 2017 | 28538361 |
| 5-benzylidene-4-oxazolidinones potently inhibit biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | investigation into the biological function of 5-benzylidene-4-oxazolidinones revealed dose-dependent inhibition of biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa). this structurally unusual class of small molecules inhibit up to 89% of biofilm formation with ic50 values as low as 0.78 μm, and disperse pre-formed biofilms with ic50 values as low as 4.7 μm. together, these results suggest that 4-oxazolidinones represent new chemotypes to enable the study of bacterial biofilms with smal ... | 2017 | 28537316 |
| ccpa affects infectivity of staphylococcus aureus in a hyperglycemic environment. | many bacteria regulate the expression of virulence factors via carbon catabolite responsive elements. in gram-positive bacteria, the predominant mediator of carbon catabolite repression is the catabolite control protein a (ccpa). hyperglycemia is a widespread disorder that predisposes individuals to an array of symptoms and an increased risk of infections. in hyperglycemic individuals, the bacterium staphylococcus aureus causes serious, life-threatening infections. the importance of ccpa in regu ... | 2017 | 28536677 |
| economic evaluation of infection control activities. | healthcare-associated infections by drug-resistant bacteria affect a patient's prognosis. infection control activities at medical institutions in japan are increasingly focused on the threat from these bacteria. | 2017 | 28535969 |
| a review of eight cases of cavernous sinus thrombosis secondary to sphenoid sinusitis, including a12-year-old girl at the present department. | cavernous sinus thrombosis (cst) is a severe disease which can result from infection of any of the tissues drained by the cavernous sinus. we here review eight cases, including a 12-year-old girl, all secondary to sphenoid sinusitis. the clinical manifestations, laboratory data, imaging findings, pathogens, medications, surgical treatment and clinical outcomes were analyzed. all eight patients had headache and five of them fever. all cases were associated with one or more ophthalmic symptoms. in ... | 2017 | 28535728 |
| diabetes increases the risk of disease and death due to staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. a matched case-control and cohort study. | this study investigated the effect and influence of diabetes severity on susceptibility and 30-day mortality of staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (sab). | 2017 | 28535702 |
| effect of cephalexin plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole vs cephalexin alone on clinical cure of uncomplicated cellulitis: a randomized clinical trial. | emergency department visits for skin infections in the united states have increased with the emergence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). for cellulitis without purulent drainage, β-hemolytic streptococci are presumed to be the predominant pathogens. it is unknown if antimicrobial regimens possessing in vitro mrsa activity provide improved outcomes compared with treatments lacking mrsa activity. | 2017 | 28535235 |
| chlorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine coating on central venous catheters is not sufficient for protection against catheter-related infection: simulation-based laboratory research with clinical validation. | objective the efficacy of chlorhexidine- and silver sulfadiazine-coated central venous catheters (css-cvc) against catheter-related infection remains controversial. we hypothesized that the loss of silver nanoparticles may reduce the antibacterial efficacy of css-cvcs and that this loss could be due to the frictional force between the surface of the cvc and the bloodstream. the objective of this study was to investigate whether the antimicrobial effect of css-cvcs decreases with increasing expos ... | 2017 | 28534703 |
| hyaluronic acid-templated ag nanoparticles/graphene oxide composites for synergistic therapy of bacteria infection. | developing methods of decreasing the harm to cell and increasing the antibacterial efficiency is becoming a potential topic of medical treatments. we demonstrated a hyaluronidase-triggered photothermal platform for killing bacteria based on silver nanoparticles (agnps) and graphene oxide (go). the property of the hyaluronidase (haase)-triggered release provided excellent antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus. upon illumination of nir light, the go-based nanomaterials locally raise ... | 2017 | 28534395 |