| human mast cells present antigen to autologous cd4(+) t cells. | mast cells (mcs), the primary effector cell of the atopic response, participate in immune defense at host/environment interfaces, yet the mechanisms by which they interact with cd4(+) t cells has been controversial. | 2017 | 28624612 |
| coagulase-negative staphylococci species affect biofilm formation of other coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive staphylococci. | coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) are considered to be commensal bacteria in humans and animals, but are now also recognized as etiological agents in several infections, including bovine mastitis. biofilm formation appears to be an important factor in cns pathogenicity. furthermore, some researchers have proposed that cns colonization of the intramammary environment has a protective effect against other pathogens. the mechanisms behind the protective effect of cns have yet to be characteriz ... | 2017 | 28624271 |
| peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infection is associated with severe complications and potential death: a retrospective observational study. | the purpose of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of peripheral vascular catheter-related bloodstream infections (pvc-bsis) and determine the risk of severe complications or death. | 2017 | 28623882 |
| [staphylococcus aureus epidural abscess following epidural catheter placement in a patient suffering from psoriasis]. | | 2017 | 28623076 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and genotyping of staphylococcus aureus isolates collected between 1986 and 2015 from ovine mastitis. | in this research, 330 staphylococcus aureus isolates, collected in sardinia (italy) in the period 1986-2015 from clinical ovine mastitis and used for the preparation of inactivated autogenous vaccines, were analyzed. susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial agents was tested by disk diffusion, according to clsi recommendations. resistance genes were detected by pcr assays. the most of isolates (85.2%) were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, suggesting that did not exist change of resistance ove ... | 2017 | 28622861 |
| rifampin-resistant staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in a patient on chronic rifaximin. | | 2017 | 28622735 |
| selective laser melting porous metallic implants with immobilized silver nanoparticles kill and prevent biofilm formation by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | implant-associated infection and limited longevity are two major challenges that orthopedic devices need to simultaneously address. additively manufactured porous implants have recently shown tremendous promise in improving bone regeneration and osseointegration, but, as any conventional implant, are threatened by infection. in this study, we therefore used rational design and additive manufacturing in the form of selective laser melting (slm) to fabricate porous titanium implants with interconn ... | 2017 | 28622569 |
| structural flexibility of an inhibitor overcomes drug resistance mutations in staphylococcus aureus ftsz. | in the effort to combat antibiotic resistance, inhibitors of the essential bacterial protein ftsz have emerged as a promising new class of compounds with clinical potential. one such ftsz inhibitor (txa707) is associated with potent activity against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) that are resistant to current standard-of-care antibiotics. however, mutations in s. aureus ftsz (saftsz) that confer resistance to txa707 have been observed, with mutations in t ... | 2017 | 28621933 |
| an arod ochre mutation results in a staphylococcus aureus small colony variant that can undergo phenotypic switching via two alternative mechanisms. | staphylococcus aureus can undergo phenotypic switching between a normal colony phenotype (ncp) and a small colony variant (scv). the scv phenotype confers increased antibiotic resistance and the capacity to persist within human tissues and cells, and because these cells can revert back to the ncp they cause chronic and/or recurrent infections that are very difficult to treat. a complete picture of the genetic events that can lead to phenotypic switching in s. aureus is currently lacking. we desc ... | 2017 | 28620368 |
| incidence and antimicrobial sensitivity profiles of normal conjunctiva bacterial flora in the central area of china: a hospital-based study. | objective: to study the distribution and patterns of resistance to antimicrobial agents of normal conjunctival bacteria. materials and methods: conjunctival specimens were collected from 8,224 patients and then cultured, which underwent antimicrobial susceptibility test following standard methods. patients with infectious symptoms such as erythema or oedema and those using systemic or topical antibiotics within 1 month were excluded. results: in this study, the incidence of isolated bacteria was ... | 2017 | 28620316 |
| scissor sisters: regulation of adam10 by the tspanc8 tetraspanins. | a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (adam10) is a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane protein which is essential for embryonic development through activation of notch proteins. adam10 regulates over 40 other transmembrane proteins and acts as a 'molecular scissor' by removing their extracellular regions. adam10 is also a receptor for α-toxin, a major virulence factor of staphylococcus aureus owing to the importance of its substrates, adam10 is a potential therapeutic target for cancer, neurode ... | 2017 | 28620033 |
| effects of vitamin d and its metabolites on cell viability and staphylococcus aureus invasion into bovine mammary epithelial cells. | vitamin d has been found have various biological effects that may be potent in preventing bovine mastitis. two forms of vitamin d, vitamin d2 (d2) and vitamin d3 (d3), can be hydroxylated to functional metabolites in cattle. the objectives of the present study were to investigate the potential of vitamin d compounds for controlling bovine mastitis using in vitro cell models, and to compare the differences between d2 and d3 compounds. results showed that d2 compounds have comparable effects to th ... | 2017 | 28619151 |
| amphiphilic cargo-loaded nanocarrier enhances antibiotic uptake and perturbs efflux: effective synergy for mitigation of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | a pyridinium-amphiphile-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (plga) nanocarrier (c1-pnc) was developed as an adjuvant in order to break the resistance and restore the susceptibility of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) cells to therapeutic antibiotics. notably, against a clinical mrsa strain, c1-pnc was found to render 8- and 6-fold decreases in the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (mbec90 ) of gentamicin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. mechanistic studies on mrsa plan ... | 2017 | 28618136 |
| kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of acetyl-coa activation of staphylococcus aureus pyruvate carboxylase. | allosteric regulation of pyruvate carboxylase (pc) activity is pivotal to maintaining metabolic homeostasis. in contrast, dysregulated pc activity contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, rendering pc a possible target for allosteric therapeutic development. recent research efforts have focused on demarcating the role of acetyl-coa, one of the most potent activators of pc, in coordinating catalytic events within the multifunctional enzyme. herein, we report a kinetic and thermodynam ... | 2017 | 28617592 |
| high prevalence of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from a university environment in thailand. | the present study was conducted to isolate and characterize the molecular epidemiology of the methicillin-resistant staphylococci in the general university environment, where all five locations; the library, restrooms, canteens, computer rooms and outdoor surfaces, are in common use by a large population of students. we used mannitol salt agar (msa) supplemented with 4 μg/ml of oxacillin to screen the methicillin-resistant staphylococci. the species level was identified by pcr of rdr (staphyloco ... | 2017 | 28617524 |
| synthesis and biological activity evaluation of novel heterocyclic pleuromutilin derivatives. | a series of pleuromutilin derivatives were synthesized by two synthetic procedures under mild reaction conditions and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr), infrared spectroscopy (ir), and high resolution mass spectrometer (hrms). most of the derivatives with heterocyclic groups at the c-14 side of pleuromutilin exhibited excellent in vitro antibacterial activities against staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), methicillin-resistant staphylococcus ... | 2017 | 28617344 |
| are contact precautions ethically justifiable in contemporary hospital care? | hospital infection control practices known as contact precautions are recommended for the management of people with pathogens such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus or vancomycin-resistant enterococci. | 2017 | 28617193 |
| the effect of emodin on staphylococcus aureus strains in planktonic form and biofilm formation in vitro. | staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) is a gram-positive pathogen and forms biofilm easily. bacteria inside biofilms display an increased resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants. the objective of the current study was to assess the antimicrobial activities of emodin, 1,2,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone, an anthraquinone derivative isolated from polygonum cuspidatum and rheum palmatum, against s. aureus cmcc26003 grown in planktonic and biofilm cultures in vitro. in addition, a possible synerg ... | 2017 | 28616631 |
| comparison of subsequent infection in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus nasal carriers between st72 community-genotype and hospital genotypes: a retrospective cohort study. | carriage of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is an important risk factor of subsequent infection. the purpose of our study was to compare the rates of subsequent infection among newly-admitted patients carrying mrsa between community-genotype and hospital-genotypes. | 2017 | 28616204 |
| early recognition of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus surgical site infections using risk and protective factors identified by a group of italian surgeons through delphi method. | surgical site infections (ssis) constitute a major clinical problem in terms of morbidity, mortality, duration of hospital stay, and overall costs. the bacterial pathogens implicated most frequently are streptococcus pyogenes (s. pyogenes) and staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus). the incidence of methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) ssis is increasing significantly. since these infections have a significant impact on hospital budgets and patients' health, their diagnosis must be anticipated and ... | 2017 | 28616060 |
| evaluation of the bd max staphsr assay for detecting methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and methicillin-susceptible s. aureus (mssa) in eswab-collected wound samples. | | 2017 | 28615467 |
| [staphylococcus aureus promotes nod2 expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells]. | objective to investigate the role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (nod2) in the mediate recognition of staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bmecs). methods we infected bmecs with living s. aureus and heat-inactivated s. aureus, respectively. when the multiplicity of infection (moi) of living s. aureus was set for 100:1, the infection time were 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 hours; when the moi of living s. aureus was set for 10:1 ... | 2017 | 28615095 |
| nasal swab screening for staphylococcus aureus in spinal deformity patients treated with growing rods. | surgical-site infections are one of the most concerning complications in patients treated with growing rods (gr). the purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of preoperative screening for staphylococcus aureus (sa) for all growing spine procedures, and if this would permit alteration of prophylactic antibiotics to cover the identified resistances. | 2017 | 28614287 |
| enhancement of photodynamic inactivation of staphylococcus aureus biofilms by disruptive strategies. | photodynamic inactivation (pdi) has been used to inactivate microorganisms through the use of photosensitizers and visible light. on the one hand, near-infrared treatment (nirt) has also bactericidal and dispersal effects on biofilms. in addition, dispersal biological tools such as enzymes have also been employed in antibiotic combination treatments. the aim of this work was to use alternative approaches to increase the pdi efficacy, employing combination therapies aimed at the partial disruptio ... | 2017 | 28612299 |
| the saers two-component system controls survival of staphylococcus aureus in human blood through regulation of coagulase. | the saers two-component system plays important roles in regulation of key virulence factors and pathogenicity. in this study, however, we found that the deletion mutation of saers enhanced bacterial survival in human blood, whereas complementation of the mutant with saers returned survival to wild-type levels. moreover, these phenomena were observed in different mrsa genetic background isolates, including ha-mrsa wcuh29, ca-mrsa 923, and mw2. to elucidate which gene(s) regulated by saers contrib ... | 2017 | 28611950 |
| successful treatment of chronic staphylococcus aureus-related dermatoses with the topical endolysin staphefekt sa.100: a report of 3 cases. | staphylococcus aureus plays an important role in skin and soft tissue infections and contributes to the pathophysiology of complex skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis. bacterial resistance against commonly used antibiotics has increased considerably in the last decades demanding alternative treatment approaches. we present 3 cases where patients with chronic and recurrent s. aureus-related dermatoses were successfully treated with staphefekt sa.100. staphefekt sa.100 is a recombinant phage ... | 2017 | 28611631 |
| identification of gxxxxg motif in chrysophsin-1 and its implication in the design of analogs with cell-selective antimicrobial and anti-endotoxin activities. | marine fish antimicrobial peptide, chrysophsin-1 possesses versatile biological activities but its non-selective nature restricts its therapeutic possibilities. often small alterations in structural motifs result in significant changes in the properties of concerned proteins/peptides. we have identified gxxxxg motif in chrysophsin-1. glycine residue(s) of this motif in chrysophsin-1 was/were replaced with alanine, valine and proline residue(s). of these, proline-substituted chrysophsin-1 analogs ... | 2017 | 28611397 |
| early detection of subclinical aortic valve endocarditis with the cardiomems heart failure system. | background the cardiomems heart failure system is a well validated tool to optimize management of systolic and diastolic heart failure and has been shown to reduce the risk of hospitalization by 37%. we are reporting a unique case of acute aortic valve insufficiency as a first sign of endocarditis, detected early in a patient with the cardiomems device. case report a 79-year-old man with dual bioprosthetic mitral and aortic valve replacement and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy had a cardiomems heart ... | 2017 | 28611348 |
| prevalence and molecular characteristics of staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin resistant strains, isolated from bulk can milk and raw milk products in pastoral communities of south-west uganda. | staphylococcus aureus strains are now regarded as zoonotic agents. in pastoral settings where human-animal interaction is intimate, multi-drug resistant microorganisms have become an emerging zoonotic issue of public health concern. the study of s. aureus prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and clonal lineages in humans, animals and food in african settings has great relevance, taking into consideration the high diversity of ethnicities, cultures and food habits that determine the lifestyle of ... | 2017 | 28610560 |
| on the challenges of detecting whole staphylococcus aureus cells with biosensors. | due to the increasing number of nosocomial infections and multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, staphylococcus aureus is now a major worldwide concern. rapid detection and characterization of this bacterium has become an important issue for biomedical applications. biosensors are increasingly appearing as low-cost, easy-to-operate and fast alternatives for rapid detection. in this review, we will introduce the main characteristics of s. aureus and will focus on the interest of biosensors for a ... | 2017 | 28609570 |
| emergence of community-genotype methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in korean hospitals: clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections by community-genotype strain. | as community-genotype methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) strains spread into hospitals, the genotypes of the mrsa strains causing hospital-acquired (ha) infections have become more diverse. we describe clinical characteristics of nosocomial mrsa infections by a community-genotype of sequence type (st) 72. | 2017 | 28608660 |
| primary sternal osteomyelitis caused by staphylococcus aureus in an immunocompetent adult. | primary sternal osteomyelitis (pso) is a rare condition that may develop without any contiguous focus of infection. due to the rarity of the disease, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often delayed. herein, we describe a patient with pso caused by staphylococcus aureus that presented with chest pain and fever. the patient had no predisposing factors for sternal osteomyelitis. the chest pain was thought to be non-cardiogenic, as electrocardiography and cardiac enzyme did not reveal is ... | 2017 | 28608656 |
| corrigendum: cross-talk between staphylococcus aureus and other staphylococcal species via the agr quorum sensing system. | [this corrects the article on p. 1733 in vol. 7, pmid: 27877157.]. | 2017 | 28607550 |
| mouse model of hematogenous implant-related staphylococcus aureus biofilm infection reveals therapeutic targets. | infection is a major complication of implantable medical devices, which provide a scaffold for biofilm formation, thereby reducing susceptibility to antibiotics and complicating treatment. hematogenous implant-related infections following bacteremia are particularly problematic because they can occur at any time in a previously stable implant. herein, we developed a model of hematogenous infection in which an orthopedic titanium implant was surgically placed in the legs of mice followed 3 wk lat ... | 2017 | 28607050 |
| np108, an antimicrobial polymer with activity against methicillin- and mupirocin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is a clinically significant human pathogen that causes infectious diseases ranging from skin and soft tissue infections (ssti) and health care-associated infections (hai) to potentially fatal bacteremia and endocarditis. nasal carriage of s. aureus, especially for persistent carriage, is associated with an increased risk of subsequent infection, particularly nosocomial and surgical site infections (ssi), usually via autoinfection. np108 is a cationic antimicrobial polymer c ... | 2017 | 28607014 |
| estimate of the economic impact of mastitis: a case study in a holstein dairy herd under tropical conditions. | the aim of this study was to estimate the economic impact of mastitis at the herd level and the weight (percent) of the components of this impact in a holstein dairy herd under tropical conditions. three estimates of the economic impact of mastitis were performed. in estimates 1 and 2 the real production and economic indices from february 2011 to january 2012 were considered. in the estimate 1, indices for mastitis classified as ideal were considered, whereas in the estimate 2, the mastitis indi ... | 2017 | 28606365 |
| [effects of recombinant fusion protein interleukin-18 on expression of immune-inflammatory factors in mice infected with staphylococcus aureus]. | to observe the effects of recombinant fusion protein interleukin (il)-18 on the expression of immune-inflammatory factors in the mice infected with staphylococcus aureus (sa), and to investigate the mechanism of action of il-18 in defense of sa infection in vivo. | 2017 | 28606241 |
| anti-mrsa activity of fruiting body extracts of spectacular rustgill mushroom, gymnopilus junonius (agaricomycetes). | despite the great advances in chemotherapeutics, infectious diseases are still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. among some of the clinically relevant pathogens, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) ranks as one of the most difficult bacteria to treat. it is a common cause of skin, soft-tissue, and endovascular infections, as well as pneumonia, septic arthritis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and sepsis. the research on basidiomycota is extensive; many species show a broa ... | 2017 | 28605339 |
| assessment of the risk to public health due to use of antimicrobials in pigs-an example of pleuromutilins in denmark. | antibiotic consumption in pigs can be optimized by developing treatment guidelines, which encourage veterinarians to use effective drugs with low probability of developing resistance of importance for human health. in denmark, treatment guidelines for use in swine production are currently under review at the danish veterinary and food administration. use of pleuromutilins in swine has previously been associated with a very low risk for human health. however, recent international data and sporadi ... | 2017 | 28603717 |
| (67)ga-labeled deferoxamine derivatives for imaging bacterial infection: preparation and screening of functionalized siderophore complexes. | deferoxamine (dfo) is a siderophore that bacteria use to scavenge iron and could serve as a targeting vector to image bacterial infection where current techniques have critical limitations. [(67)ga]-dfo, which is a mimetic of the corresponding iron complex, is taken up by bacteria in culture, however in vivo it clears too rapidly to allow for imaging of infection. in response, we developed several new dfo derivatives to identify those that accumulate in bacteria, and at sites of infection, and t ... | 2017 | 28602965 |
| scavenger receptor c promotes bacterial clearance in kuruma shrimp marsupenaeus japonicus by enhancing hemocyte phagocytosis and amp expression. | scavenger receptors (srs) comprise a large family of structurally diverse glycoproteins located on the cell membrane and function as pattern-recognition receptors (prrs) participating in innate immunity in different species. class c scavenger receptor (src) has been only identified in invertebrates and its biological functions still need to be researched. in this study, we characterized the anti-bacterial function of a src from kuruma shrimp marsupenaeus japonicus (mjsrc). the mrna level of mjsr ... | 2017 | 28602682 |
| early pathogenic colonisers of acute burn wounds: a retrospective review. | early excision of burns reduces the incidence of local and systemic infections caused by colonising microorganisms, and reduces mortality and length of hospital stay. appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis can reduce the risk of postoperative wound infections and skin graft loss. antibiotic selection should be based on likely pathogens. however, there are few studies that have investigated the early pathogenic colonisers of acute burn wounds. | 2017 | 28602589 |
| risk factors for poor prognosis in nosocomial infective endocarditis. | the aim of our study was to compare the characteristics of nosocomial infective endocarditis (nie) with community-acquired infective endocarditis (cie) and to determine independent risk factors for in-hospital death. | 2017 | 28602063 |
| surgical treatment of shoulder infections: a comparison between arthroscopy and arthrotomy. | management of bacterial shoulder infections includes antibiotic therapy and surgical joint decompression. arthroscopy and open arthrotomy are recommended treatment options. whether 1 of the 2 surgical options is superior remains unclear. the present study aimed (1) to compare the reinfection rates after arthroscopy and open arthrotomy and (2) to identify risk factors of reinfection after surgical intervention. | 2017 | 28601485 |
| antibody-mediated protection against staphylococcus aureus dermonecrosis and sepsis by a whole cell vaccine. | staphylococcus aureus is a very important human pathogen that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. several vaccine clinical trials based on generating antibody against staphylococcal surface polysaccharides or proteins have been unsuccessful. a killed whole cell lysate preparation (sawca) was made by lysing a usa 300 strain with lysostaphin followed by sonication and harvest of the supernatant fraction. immunization with sawca and cholera toxin (ct) generated robust il-17a but r ... | 2017 | 28601365 |
| aggressive gastrointestinal food allergy in neonates and its possible relationship to necrotizing enterocolitis. | the incidence of gastrointestinal food allergy (fa) in neonates is increasing. despite this, cases of patients with gastrointestinal fa who develop necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) requiring laparotomy are extremely rare. | 2017 | 28601030 |
| assessing the impact of a temporary class drug order on ethylphenidate-related infections among people who inject drugs in lothian, scotland: an interrupted time-series analysis. | in april 2015, the uk government enacted a temporary class drug order (tcdo) on ethylphenidate in response to reported harms associated with its use, in particular an outbreak of infections among people who inject drugs (pwid) in lothian, scotland. this study assesses the effect that the tcdo had on reducing the most common infections identified during the outbreak: streptococcus pyogenes and staphylococcus aureus. | 2017 | 28600805 |
| real-time pcr to identify staphylococci and assay for virulence from blood. | the genus staphylococcus includes pathogenic and non-pathogenic facultative anaerobes. due to the plethora of virulence factors encoded in its genome, the species staphylococcus aureus is known to be the most pathogenic. s. aureus strains harboring genes encoding virulence and antibiotic resistance are of public health importance. in clinical samples, however, pathogenic s. aureus is often mixed with putatively less pathogenic coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons), both of which can harbor mec ... | 2017 | 28600770 |
| molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus circulating in the russian federation. | the aim of this study was to investigate the patterns of antimicrobial resistance and molecular features of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) isolates in russia. isolates recovered from hospital patients (n=480), healthy medical personnel (n=25), and healthy carriers (n=13) were included in the study. hospital-acquired mrsa (ha-mrsa) demonstrated high resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol (76%-92%), moderate - to tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, an ... | 2017 | 28600216 |
| searching for novel inhibitors of the s. aureus nora efflux pump: synthesis and biological evaluation of the 3-phenyl-1,4-benzothiazine analogues. | bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents has become an increasingly serious health problem in recent years. among the strategies by which resistance can be achieved, overexpression of efflux pumps such as nora of staphylococcus aureus leads to a sub-lethal concentration of the antibacterial agent at the active site that in turn may predispose the organism to the development of high-level target-based resistance. with an aim to improve both the chemical stability and potency of our previously ... | 2017 | 28598572 |
| how do the epidemiology of paediatric methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia differ? | to examine whether the epidemiology of bacteraemia caused by methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa) and methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) differed in children aged <1 year and in comparison to older age groups. | 2017 | 28598316 |
| exposure to sub-inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime induces multidrug resistance and reactive oxygen species generation in meticillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus. | the role of antibiotics below their mic in the development of bacterial drug resistance is becoming increasingly important. we investigated the effect of sub-mics of bactericidal antibiotics on the susceptibility pattern of staphylococcus aureus and evaluated the role of free radicals. | 2017 | 28598307 |
| antibacterial activity of diacetylcurcumin against staphylococcus aureus results in decreased biofilm and cellular adhesion. | staphylococcus aureus infections have contributed to the global healthcare burden, particularly with regard to hospital-acquired meticillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) infections. | 2017 | 28598304 |
| molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolated from australian animals and veterinarians. | this study aimed to determine the frequency and molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) from australian animals and whether animal-derived mrsa was similar to that from australian veterinarians. a total of 1,080 clinical coagulase positive staphylococcus isolates from australian animals were collected during 2013. sixteen (4%) of 360 s. aureus isolates were mrsa. most mrsa came from companion animals, while none came from livestock. mrsa isolates were charact ... | 2017 | 28598251 |
| discontinuation of contact precautions with the introduction of universal daily chlorhexidine bathing. | contact precautions are a traditional strategy to prevent transmission of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). chlorhexidine bathing is increasingly used to decrease mrsa burden and transmission in intensive care units (icus). we sought to evaluate a hospital policy change from routine contact precautions for mrsa compared with universal chlorhexidine bathing, without contact precautions. we measured new mrsa acquisition in icu patients and surveyed for mrsa environmental contamin ... | 2017 | 28597809 |
| clinical signs, pathophysiology and management of cutaneous side effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor agents. | approximately one in four patients treated with anti-tnf agents (infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, certolizumab, and golimumab) develops cutaneous adverse events, typically months to years after the initiation of treatment, with xerosis cutis, eczema (often psoriasiform), psoriasis, palmoplantar pustulosis, cutaneous infections, alopecia, and skin cancer being the most frequently encountered. the typical skin lesion of anti-tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-treated patients is orange-red psoriasifor ... | 2017 | 28597181 |
| phenol-soluble modulin toxins of staphylococcus haemolyticus. | coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons) are important nosocomial pathogens and the leading cause of sepsis. the second most frequently implicated species, after staphylococcus epidermidis, is staphylococcus haemolyticus. however, we have a significant lack of knowledge about what causes virulence of s. haemolyticus, as virulence factors of this pathogen have remained virtually unexplored. in contrast to the aggressive pathogen staphylococcus aureus, toxin production has traditionally not been as ... | 2017 | 28596942 |
| draft genome sequence of a sequence type 398 methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolate from a danish dairy cow with mastitis. | livestock-associated (la) methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) strains of sequence type 398 (st398) colonize both humans and various livestock species. in 2016, an st398 la-mrsa isolate (sa52) was collected from a danish dairy cow with mastitis, and here, we report the draft genome sequence of strain sa52. | 2017 | 28596409 |
| complete genome sequence of the methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus colonizing strain m92. | m92 is a methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) colonizing strain belonging to st239-mrsa-iii. it frequently shows local nasal colonization in our hospital staff, but has never been associated with infection. we sequenced the complete genome of m92, in order to compare it to highly virulent mrsa strains to gain insight into mrsa virulence factors. | 2017 | 28596402 |
| complete genome sequences of five representative staphylococcus aureus st398 strains from five major sequence heterogeneity groups of a diverse isolate collection. | staphylococcus aureus sequence type 398 (st398) is a rapidly emerging livestock-associated strain causing zoonotic disease in humans. the course of pathogen evolution remains unclear, prompting whole-genome comparative studies in attempts to elucidate this issue. we present the full, annotated genomes of five newly isolated representative st398 strains from five major sequence heterogeneity groups of our diverse isolate collection. | 2017 | 28596400 |
| draft genome sequences of two staphylococcus aureus strains isolated in succession from a case of bacteremia. | staphylococcus aureus strains meh1 and meh7 were successively isolated from the blood of a patient with recurrent bacteremia. the submitted draft genomes of strains meh1 and meh7 are 2,914,972 and 2,911,704 bp, respectively. | 2017 | 28596388 |
| reshaping antibiotics through hydrophobic drug-bile acid ionic complexation enhances activity against staphylococcus aureus biofilms. | the antibiotic era is on the verge of a profound change and facing a ground shaking crisis. the frequent failures of antibiotic treatments are often associated with biofilm formation, which is responsible for chronic infections, exacerbation as well as reinfection. so far, albeit the large number of valuable strategies employed to combat biofilm formation, little success has been recorded. in this work, we propose a simple approach, based on hydrophobic ionic complexation with the bile acids, de ... | 2017 | 28596137 |
| sub-inhibitory stress with essential oil affects enterotoxins production and essential oil susceptibility in staphylococcus aureus. | fourteen wild strains of staphylococcus aureus positive for gene sea were tested for enterotoxins production and the minimum inhibitory concentration of leptospermum scoparium, origanum majorana, origanum vulgare, satureja montana and thymus vulgaris essential oils (eos) were determined. after this trial, bacteria stressed with sub-inhibitory concentration of each eo were tested for enterotoxins production by an immunoenzymatic assay and resistance to the same eo. oregano oil exhibited the highe ... | 2017 | 28595460 |
| genetic alterations responsible for reduced susceptibility to vancomycin in community-associated mrsa strains of st72. | we previously reported the first case of vancomycin treatment failure due to development of vancomycin-intermediate resistance in a patient with an mrsa of st72, a community genotype in korea. we investigated two isogenic mrsa strains from this patient, who experienced treatment failure with vancomycin and rifampicin. | 2017 | 28595277 |
| hospitalization cost at childbirth: health parameters and colonization with antimicrobial resistant bacteria and methicillin susceptible staphylococcus aureus. | antimicrobial resistant bacteria (amr) are of public health and economic relevance. however, there is a lack of data regarding amr colonization in pregnant women and in newborns. furthermore, there are few studies analyzing hospital's net income (revenues and costs). | 2017 | 28595057 |
| candidate genes on murine chromosome 8 are associated with susceptibility to staphylococcus aureus infection in mice and are involved with staphylococcus aureus septicemia in humans. | we previously showed that chromosome 8 of a/j mice was associated with susceptibility to s. aureus infection. however, the specific genes responsible for this susceptibility are unknown. chromosome substitution strain 8 (css8) mice, which have chromosome 8 from a/j but an otherwise c57bl/6j genome, were used to identify the genetic determinants of susceptibility to s. aureus on chromosome 8. quantitative trait loci (qtl) mapping of s. aureus-infected n2 backcross mice (f1 [c8a] × c57bl/6j) ident ... | 2017 | 28594911 |
| key concepts of musculoskeletal infection. | over the past few decades, musculoskeletal infections have increased in both incidence and severity. the clinical manifestations of musculoskeletal infections range from isolated osteomyelitis to multisite infections with systemic complications. although this increased incidence of musculoskeletal infections correlates with the increased incidence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infections, other nonresistant infectious organisms have been associated with severe musculoskeletal in ... | 2017 | 28594530 |
| update in pediatric musculoskeletal infections: when it is, when it isn't, and what to do. | musculoskeletal infections, including osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and pyomyositis, are a substantial cause of morbidity in children and adolescents. the increased virulence of infectious agents and the increased prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, particularly methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, have resulted in a more complicated clinical course for diagnosis and management, which is evidenced by an increased length of hospital stays, incidence of complications, and n ... | 2017 | 28594525 |
| diffusion of clindamycin-resistant and erythromycin-resistant methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa), potential st398, in united states veterans health administration hospitals, 2003-2014. | changing phenotypic profiles of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa) isolates can indicate the emergence of novel sequence types (st). the diffusion of mssa st can be tracked by combining established genotypic profiles with phenotypic surveillance data. st398 emerged in new york city (nyc) and exhibits resistance to clindamycin and erythromycin but tetracycline susceptibility ("potential st398"). trends of potential st398 were examined in a national cohort of all veterans health ... | 2017 | 28593043 |
| emergence of a staphylococcus aureus clone resistant to mupirocin and fusidic acid carrying exotoxin genes and causing mainly skin infections. | skin and soft tissue infections (sstis) caused by mupirocin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains have recently increased in number in our settings. we sought to evaluate the characteristics of these cases over a 43-month period. data for all community-acquired staphylococcal infections caused by mupirocin-resistant strains were retrospectively reviewed. genes encoding products producing high-level resistance (hlr) to mupirocin (mupa), fusidic acid resistance (fusb), resistance to macrolides a ... | 2017 | 28592549 |
| current and emerging topical antibacterials and antiseptics: agents, action, and resistance patterns. | bacterial skin infections represent some of the most common infectious diseases globally. prevention and treatment of skin infections can involve application of a topical antimicrobial, which may be an antibiotic (such as mupirocin or fusidic acid) or an antiseptic (such as chlorhexidine or alcohol). however, there is limited evidence to support the widespread prophylactic or therapeutic use of topical agents. challenges involved in the use of topical antimicrobials include increasing rates of b ... | 2017 | 28592405 |
| low yield of blood and wound cultures in patients with skin and soft-tissue infections. | current guidelines recommend blood cultures in skin and soft-tissue infection (ssti) patients only with signs of systemic toxicity and wound cultures for severe purulent infections. our objectives were to determine: 1) blood and wound culture yields in patients admitted with sstis; 2) whether injection drug users (idus) and febrile patients had higher blood culture yields; and 3) whether blood and wound cultures grew organisms sensitive to typical ssti empiric antibiotics. | 2017 | 28592371 |
| effect of cessation of contact isolation for endemic methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. | | 2017 | 28592333 |
| high burden of complicated skin and soft tissue infections in the indigenous population of central australia due to dominant panton valentine leucocidin clones st93-mrsa and cc121-mssa. | superficial skin and soft tissue infections (sstis) are common among the indigenous population of the desert regions of central australia. however, the overall burden of disease and molecular epidemiology of staphylococcus aureus complicated sstis has yet to be described in this unique population. | 2017 | 28592231 |
| participation of the arcracme protein in self-activation of the arc operon located in the arginine catabolism mobile element in pandemic clone usa300. | staphylococcus aureus pandemic clone usa300 has, in addition to its constitutive arginine catabolism (arc) gene cluster, an arginine catabolism mobile element (acme) carrying another such cluster, which gives this clone advantages in colonisation and infection. gene arcr, which encodes an oxygen-sensitive transcriptional regulator, is inside acme and downstream of the constitutive arc gene cluster, and this situation may have an impact on its activation. different relative expression behaviours ... | 2017 | 28591311 |
| structure-based design of novel combinatorially generated nbtis as potential dna gyrase inhibitors against various staphylococcus aureus mutant strains. | although intercalating agents such as quinolones have had proven therapeutic success as antibacterial agents for more than 40 years, new forms of quinolone-based resistance in bacteria are continually emerging. to alleviate this problem, a new class of antibacterials is urgently needed; recently, novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (nbtis) have been found to be particularly important. based on 67 experimentally evaluated nbtis against wild-type (wt) dna gyrase originating from staphylococcu ... | 2017 | 28590495 |
| chlorhexidine whole-body washing of patients reduces methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and has a direct effect on the distribution of the st5-mrsa-ii (new york/japan) clone. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) colonizes the skin of hospitalized patients and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. to prevent colonization and infection by s. aureus, better disinfection practices are required. therefore, we evaluated the effect of chlorhexidine whole-body washing on hospital-acquired s. aureus infections among intensive care unit (icu) patients in a tertiary hospital in mexico. | 2017 | 28590235 |
| a severe case of cutaneous adverse drug reaction secondary to a novice drug: idelalisib. | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase δ (pik3δ) is a tyrosine kinase essential for b cell survival, making it an important target in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. idelalisib is an inhibitor of pik3δ demonstrating initial success in disease response, but is now shown to have a decreased overall survival and life-threatening serious adverse events. the following is an unfortunate case of a grade iii adverse skin reaction secondary to idelalisib with the likely complication of methicillin- ... | 2017 | 28589155 |
| ventilator management of bronchopleural fistula secondary to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia in a pregnant patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. | managing mechanical ventilation in patient with bronchopleural fistula with coexisting acute respiratory distress syndrome is a challenging situation for the intensivist. we are reporting a case of a pregnant patient with systemic lupus erythematosus on immunosuppressive medications who developed methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia complicated by bronchopleural fistula and acute respiratory distress syndrome. | 2017 | 28588618 |
| the development of fluorescent protein tracing vectors for multicolor imaging of clinically isolated staphylococcus aureus. | recent advances in fluorescent protein technology provide a wide variety of biological imaging applications; however current tools for bio-imaging in the gram-positive bacterium staphylococcus aureus has necessitated further developments for fluorescence intensity and for a multicolor palette of fluorescent proteins. to enhance the expression of multicolor fluorescent proteins in clinical s. aureus strains, we developed new fluorescent protein expression vectors, containing the blaz/sodp promote ... | 2017 | 28588310 |
| myricetin protects galleria mellonella against staphylococcus aureus infection and inhibits multiple virulence factors. | staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen related to a variety of life-threatening infections but for which antimicrobial resistance is liming the treatment options. we report here that myricetin, but not its glycosylated form, can remarkably decrease the production of several s. aureus virulence factors, including adhesion, biofilm formation, hemolysis and staphyloxanthin production, without interfering with growth. myricetin affects both surface proteins and secreted proteins which in ... | 2017 | 28588273 |
| d-cycloserine increases the effectiveness of vancomycin against vancomycin-highly resistant staphylococcus aureus. | vancomycin is a widely used clinical drug to treat for infection by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. some patients show a weak response to vancomycin treatment. we previously reported that β-lactams increase the susceptibility to vancomycin by vancomycin-highly resistant s. aureus (vrsa) strains obtained following repeated in vitro mutagenesis and vancomycin selection. here we found that the susceptibility of the vrsa strains to vancomycin was remarkably increased by combined treatme ... | 2017 | 28588223 |
| comparison of the xtt and resazurin assays for quantification of the metabolic activity of staphylococcus aureus biofilm. | we assessed whether resazurin was as efficient as xtt in the measurement of the metabolic activity of 209 clinical staphylococcus aureus biofilm using an vitro model comparing the percentage of formazan and resorufin. the overall categorical agreement was 61.2% (r=0.024), which means that resazurin can not substitute xtt. | 2017 | 28587857 |
| optimal teicoplanin dosage regimens for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infections in endocarditis patients and renal failure patients. | this study aimed to assess whether traditional initial loading and maintenance doses of teicoplanin were appropriate in endocarditis and renal failure patients with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infections and to recommend optimal dosage regimens. pharmacokinetic parameters and physicochemical properties of teicoplanin were performed to develop pharmacokinetic models using gastroplus(tm). concentration-time curves of teicoplanin in endocarditis and renal failure patients wit ... | 2017 | 28587526 |
| distribution characteristics of staphylococcus spp. in different phases of periprosthetic joint infection: a review. | periprosthetic joint infection (pji) is a devastating condition and staphylococcus spp. are the predominant pathogens responsible, particularly coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons) and staphylococcus aureus. the aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the distribution characteristics of specific staphylococcus spp. in different pji phases, reveal the effect of pathogens' feature on their distribution and suggest recommendations for antibiotic treatment of staphylococcal pji. the ... | 2017 | 28587320 |
| molecular typing of staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with autosomal dominant hyper ige syndrome. | autosomal dominant hyper ige syndrome (ad-hies) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (stat3). this immune disorder is clinically characterized by increased susceptibility to cutaneous and sinopulmonary infections, in particular with candida and staphylococcus aureus. it has recently been recognized that the skin microbiome of patients with ad-hies is altered with an overrepresentation of certain gram-negativ ... | 2017 | 28587312 |
| antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the metabolites isolated from the culture of the mangrove-derived endophytic fungus eurotium chevalieri kufa 0006. | five previously undescribed metabolites, including acetylquestinol, two prenylated indole 3-carbaldehyde derivatives, an anthranilic acid derivative and an isochromone derivative, were isolated, in addition to eleven known compounds: palmitic acid, ergosterol 5,8-endoperoxide, emodin, physcion, questin, questinol, (11s, 14r)-cyclo(tryptophylvalyl), preechinulin, neoechinulin e, echinulin and eurocristatine, from the culture of the endophytic fungus eurotium chevalieri kufa 0006. the structures o ... | 2017 | 28586721 |
| [decolonization for staphylococcus aureus carriers in arthroplasty surgery after hip fracture]. | staphylococcus aureus is the main causative agent of joint prosthesis infections. the decolonization of the carriers is effective in the prevention of the infections of the elective arthroplasties. the aim of this study is to evaluate if it is also in arthroplasties after hip fracture. | 2017 | 28585795 |
| impact of enzymatic digestion on bacterial community composition in cf airway samples. | previous studies have demonstrated the importance of dna extraction methods for molecular detection of staphylococcus, an important bacterial group in cystic fibrosis (cf). we sought to evaluate the effect of enzymatic digestion (enzd) prior to dna extraction on bacterial communities identified in sputum and oropharyngeal swab (op) samples from patients with cf. | 2017 | 28584706 |
| a rare case of acute transverse myelitis associated with staphylococcusaureus bacteremia and osteomyelitis. | direct intramedullary infections are considered very rare. only few reports of staphylococcus aureus myelitis have been published. | 2017 | 28584662 |
| childhood pyogenic septic arthritis as seen in a teaching hospital south east nigeria. | childhood pyogenic septic arthritis and its associated musculoskeletal morbidity is an important health concern in developing countries. its pattern of presentation that varies from and within subregions has implications on the early recognition, treatment, and outcome. the aim of this study was to determine the pattern and outcome of childhood septic arthritis in our environment. | 2017 | 28584508 |
| identification and characterization of a cyclosporin binding cyclophilin from staphylococcus aureus newman. | cyclophilins, a class of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (ppiase) enzymes, are inhibited by cyclosporin a (csa), an immunosuppressive drug. staphylococcus aureus newman, a pathogenic bacterium, carries a gene for encoding a putative cyclophilin (sacyp). sacyp shows significant homology with other cyclophilins at the sequence level. a three-dimensional model structure of sacyp harbors a binding site for csa. to verify whether sacyp possesses both the ppiase activity and the csa binding abilit ... | 2017 | 28584448 |
| effect of comonomer of methacrylic acid on flexural strength and adhesion of staphylococcus aureus to heat polymerized poly (methyl methacrylate) resin: an in vitro study. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare flexural strength and staphylococcus aureus adhesion of heat-activated poly (methyl methacrylate [mma]) resin modified with a comonomer of methacrylic acid (maa) and mma monomer. | 2017 | 28584416 |
| bacteria contamination of touch surfaces in polish hospital wards. | the objective of the study has been to evaluate the pathogenic bacteria contamination of touch surfaces in hospital wards. | 2017 | 28584333 |
| transcriptional regulator tetr21 controls the expression of the staphylococcus aureus lmrs efflux pump. | tetr21 controls the expression of tet38 and lmrs efflux pumps. a tetr21 mutant, qt21, exhibited a 4-fold increase in the transcription level of lmrsstaphylococcus aureuslmrs overexpressor showed increases of 4-fold and 2-fold, respectively, in the mics of chloramphenicol and erythromycin, while the mics of lmrs mutant qt18 and lmrs-tetr21 mutant qt1821 remained similar to those of parental strain rn6390. tetr21 does not bind to the promoter of lmrs, suggesting indirect regulation of lmrs. | 2017 | 28584148 |
| influence of is256 on genome variability and formation of small-colony variants in staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus has acquired resistance to nearly all antibiotics used in clinical practice. whereas some resistance mechanisms are conferred by uptake of resistance genes, others evolve by mutation. in this study, is256 has been shown to play a role, e.g., in s. aureus strains displaying intermediate resistance to vancomycin (visa). to characterize the is256 insertion sites in the genomes of two closely related sequence type 247 (st247) visa strains, all insertions were mapped in both vis ... | 2017 | 28584147 |
| multimechanistic monoclonal antibodies (mabs) targeting staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin and clumping factor a: activity and efficacy comparisons of a mab combination and an engineered bispecific antibody approach. | secreted alpha-toxin and surface-localized clumping factor a (clfa) are key virulence determinants in staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections. we previously demonstrated that prophylaxis with a multimechanistic monoclonal antibody (mab) combination against alpha-toxin (medi4893*) and clfa (11h10) provided greater strain coverage and improved efficacy in an s. aureus lethal bacteremia model. subsequently, 11h10 was found to exhibit reduced affinity and impaired inhibition of fibrinogen bindi ... | 2017 | 28584141 |
| the authors respond. | | 2017 | 28583718 |
| liposomal andrographolide dry powder inhalers for treatment of bacterial pneumonia via anti-inflammatory pathway. | andrographolide (ag) is a chemical entity from traditional chinese herbs and its oral pills have been applied to the treatment of respiratory inflammation. here we report pulmonary delivery of liposomal ag dry powder inhalers (ladpis) for treatment of staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia. ag liposomes were prepared with the injection method and then freeze-dried for preparation of ladpis. ag liposomes were small and stable with a mean size of 77.91nm and a zeta potential of -56.13mv. liposome ... | 2017 | 28583330 |
| molecular and epidemiological characterization of staphylococcal foodborne outbreak of staphylococcus aureus harboring seg, sei, sem, sen, seo, and selu genes without production of classical enterotoxins. | staphylococcal food poisoning is the result of consumption of food contaminated with staphylococcal enterotoxins (ses) produced by staphylococcus aureus. to date, 23 ses and se-like enterotoxins (sels) have been described in the literature. they are divided into classical ses (sea-see) and new se/sels (seg-selx). some have proved to be foodborne-inducible, but others remain unidentified. in may 2016, at an elderly group home in osaka city, japan, an outbreak from foodborne pathogens occurred amo ... | 2017 | 28582663 |