| molecular and epidemiologic predictors of staphylococcus aureus colonization site in a population with limited nosocomial exposure. | the anterior naris has been considered the most consistent location of asymptomatic staphylococcus aureus colonization. however, recent studies have shown that a substantial number of individuals, ranging from 7% to 32% of colonized individuals, are exclusive throat carriers. most of these studies have been carried out in a health care setting, limiting their generalizability to nonhospitalized populations. | 2012 | 22418604 |
| rapid detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in screening samples by relative quantification between the meca gene and the sa442 gene. | rapid detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is important to identify patients colonized with this pathogen and implement infection control precautions. we aimed to improve the combined use of the meca gene polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and the sa442 pcr to detect mrsa in clinical screening samples. in a true mrsa the meca copy number will be equal to the sa442 copy number, whereas in samples with a methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (mssa) combined with a met ... | 2012 | 22417693 |
| revisiting the genomes of the staphylococcus aureus strains nctc 8325 and rn4220. | whole-genome sequence comparison of staphylococcus aureus strain rn4220δmuts, a variant of strain rn4220 carrying an insertion in the muts gene, and its parent strain s. aureus nctc 8325 identified variations in the nucleic acid sequence between both strains. some of these changes concerned proteins which are part of the ribosome (rpmf, rpsb), process ribosomal rna (rimm), are involved in cell wall biosynthesis (ezra, mura), or possess chaperone functions (groel) and therefore might compromise t ... | 2012 | 22417616 |
| efficacy of telavancin in patients with specific types of complicated skin and skin structure infections. | telavancin is approved in the usa and canada for the treatment of gram-positive complicated skin and skin structure infections (csssis) based on the results of the phase 3 assessment of telavancin in complicated skin and skin structure infections (atlas) trials, which demonstrated non-inferiority of telavancin to vancomycin. | 2012 | 22416054 |
| the antimicrobial effects of cranberry against staphylococcus aureus. | the antimicrobial effects of the american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) on a major food-borne pathogen, staphylococcus aureus, were investigated using commercially obtained lakewood® organic cranberry juice and ocean spray® cranberry juice cocktail and four other berry fruit extracts (acai berry, strawberry, raspberry, and blueberry). the results showed that cranberry is a potent antimicrobial against s. aureus and the most potent among the berries studied. the order of percentage inhibition ... | 2012 | 22414934 |
| antiretroviral nucleoside analogues suppress antibody synthesis in human b-lymphocytes. | some antiretroviral nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nrti) impair mitochondrial polymerase-γ and t-cell proliferation, possibly by pyrimidine depletion. we aimed to analyse nrti effects on the content of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) and b-cells, and on their proliferation and antibody synthesis. | 2012 | 22414568 |
| non-viral microbial keratitis: etiology, clinical features and visual outcome. | to determine the etiology, clinical features and visual outcome in non-viral microbial keratitis. | 2012 | 22414354 |
| il-1ri (interleukin-1 receptor type i) signalling is essential for host defence and hemichannel activity during acute central nervous system bacterial infection. | staphylococcus aureus is a common aetiological agent of bacterial brain abscesses. we have previously established that a considerable il-1 (interleukin-1) response is elicited immediately following s. aureus infection, where the cytokine can exert pleiotropic effects on glial activation and blood-brain barrier permeability. to assess the combined actions of il-1α and il-1β during cns (central nervous system) infection, host defence responses were evaluated in il-1ri (il-1 receptor type i) ko (kn ... | 2012 | 22414156 |
| [staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-resistant s. aureus: mrsa)]. | before antibiotic development, staphylococcus aureus was a cause of serious invasive infections such as sepsis and meningitis and claimed many lives. however, even after antibiotic development, s. aureus posed a new threat as a major nosocomial pathogen, changing it to methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) since 1961. this year marks the 50th anniversary of the first report on mrsa. today, there are two classes of mrsa spreading in hospitals and the community. the united states experienced inva ... | 2012 | 22413519 |
| ethanol induces oxidative stress in alveolar macrophages via upregulation of nadph oxidases. | chronic alcohol abuse is a comorbid variable of acute respiratory distress syndrome. previous studies showed that, in the lung, chronic alcohol consumption increased oxidative stress and impaired alveolar macrophage (am) function. nadph oxidases (noxes) are the main source of reactive oxygen species in ams. therefore, we hypothesized that chronic alcohol consumption increases am oxidant stress through modulation of nox1, nox2, and nox4 expression. ams were isolated from male c57bl/6j mice, aged ... | 2012 | 22412195 |
| methicillin-resistant and susceptible staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and meningitis in preterm infants. | data are limited on the impact of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) on morbidity and mortality among very low birth weight (vlbw) infants with s aureus (sa) bacteremia and/or meningitis (b/m). | 2012 | 22412036 |
| inhibition of colony-spreading activity of staphylococcus aureus by secretion of δ-hemolysin. | staphylococcus aureus spreads on the surface of soft agar, a phenomenon we termed "colony spreading." here, we found that s. aureus culture supernatant inhibited colony spreading. we purified δ-hemolysin (hld, δ-toxin), a major protein secreted from s. aureus, as a compound that inhibits colony spreading. the culture supernatants of hld-disrupted mutants had 30-fold lower colony-spreading inhibitory activity than those of the parent strain. furthermore, hld-disrupted mutants had higher colony-sp ... | 2012 | 22411996 |
| vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity: mechanism, incidence, risk factors and special populations. a literature review. | treatment failures following vancomycin therapy in patients with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infections have led to the utilization of higher doses of this antibiotic to achieve the trough concentrations of 10-20 μg/ml recommended by the infectious diseases society of america clinical practice guideline. however, many questions remain on the safety of such high doses of vancomycin, specifically their nephrotoxic effects. in this review, we have collected available evidence on the ... | 2012 | 22411630 |
| further insights into the mode of action of the lipoglycopeptide telavancin through global gene expression studies. | telavancin is a novel semisynthetic lipoglycopeptide derivative of vancomycin with a decylaminoethyl side chain that is active against gram-positive bacteria, including staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to methicillin or vancomycin. a dual mechanism of action has been proposed for telavancin involving inhibition of peptidoglycan biosynthesis and membrane depolarization. here we report the results of genome-wide transcriptional profiling of the response of s. aureus to telavancin using micr ... | 2012 | 22411615 |
| clinical significance and outcome of polymicrobial staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. | the clinical significance of polymicrobial staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (sab) remains unclear. we therefore compared the clinical features and outcomes of polymicrobial and monomicrobial sab. | 2012 | 22410381 |
| the leucine aminopeptidase of staphylococcus aureus is secreted and contributes to biofilm formation. | staphylococcus aureus has emerged as a major drug-resistant pathogen in hospital- and community-acquired infections. leucine aminopeptidase (lap) is known to be essential for survival of the bacteria; however the lap of s. aureus has not been extensively characterized. in this study, we report a detailed characterization of the s. aureus lap. | 2012 | 22410279 |
| beyond conventional antibiotics for the future treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infections: two novel alternatives. | the majority of antibiotics currently used to treat methicillin-resistant staphylococus aureus (mrsa) infections target bacterial cell wall synthesis or protein synthesis. only daptomycin has a novel mode of action. reliance on limited targets for mrsa chemotherapy, has contributed to antimicrobial resistance. two alternative approaches to the treatment of s. aureus infection, particularly those caused by mrsa, that have alternative mechanisms of action and that address the challenge of antimicr ... | 2012 | 22409572 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of miconazole and polymyxin b against canine meticillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates. | meticillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) infections are increasingly reported in dogs, and these bacteria may be isolated from ear infections. | 2012 | 22409321 |
| tmp/smx is still the preferred empiric antibiotic for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection in the hiv population. | | 2012 | 22407303 |
| [tinea capitis profunda due to trichophyton verrucosum with cmrsa superinfection in an infant]. | a 28-month-old boy developed a cutaneous and subcutaneous lesion of the scalp together with alopecia. treatment with sulfadiazine silver ointment and oral administration of cefaclor failed. the boy lived on a farm where cows and calves were present. he presented with a 5 cm erythematous, erosive, edematous, and sharply defined lesion with yellow crusts and circumscribed alopecia on the temporoparietal scalp. peripheral hairs were easily epilated. swabs from the wound revealed cmrsa (community ac ... | 2012 | 22406762 |
| molecular epidemiology and nasal carriage of staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant s. aureus among young children attending day care centers and kindergartens in hong kong. | to investigate the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) nasal carriage in children. | 2012 | 22406412 |
| re: molecular characterisation of staphylococcus aureus carrying the panton-valentine leukocidin gene in northern spain. | | 2012 | 22406410 |
| dense igg4 plasma cell infiltrates associated with chronic infectious aortitis: implications for the diagnosis of igg4-related disease. | igg4-related aortitis is a newly recognized form of noninfectious aortitis that occurs as part of the spectrum of a systemic disease referred to as igg4-related disease. igg4-related aortitis is distinguished from giant cell aortitis and takayasu aortitis in part by the presence of increased numbers of igg4-expressing plasma cells. chronic infectious aortitis can also display lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, but the degree of igg4 expression in these cases has not been specifically evaluated. | 2012 | 22406174 |
| atypical presentations of orbital cellulitis caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | to evaluate the epidemiologic and clinical features of orbital cellulitis caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). | 2012 | 22406032 |
| thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinedione derivatives as antibacterial agents. | several thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinediones have been synthesized and examined for antibacterial activity against a range of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. two compounds displayed potent activity (2-16 mg/l) against multi-drug resistant gram-positive organisms, including methicillin resistant, vancomycin-intermediate, vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa, visa, vrsa) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre). only one of these agents possessed moderate activity (16-32 mg/l) ag ... | 2012 | 22405289 |
| irrigating methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus-colonised and -infected chronic wounds with tap water. | | 2013 | 22405055 |
| successful salvage therapy with daptomycin for osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in a renal transplant recipient with fabry-anderson disease. | daptomycin is licensed in adults for the management of staphylococcus aureus methicillin-resistant infections, including bone and skin complicated infections. we describe for the first time its use in a renal transplant recipient for fabry-anderson disease with right heel osteomyelitis. the patient was unresponsive to first-line teicoplanin and second-line tigecycline, whereas he was successfully treated with third-line daptomycin monotherapy at 4 mg/kg/qd for 4 weeks. local debridement was perf ... | 2012 | 22404900 |
| community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus endocarditis 'down under': case series and literature review. | infective endocarditis is a common complication of staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia, but literature reports of community-associated methicillin-resistant s. aureus (ca-mrsa) endocarditis are relatively uncommon and mostly comprise intravenous drug users (ivdus) with the usa300 strain. we report 5 cases of ca-mrsa endocarditis in previously healthy young australian adults, 4 in ivdus. morbidity was high with frequent septic emboli; 3 patients required cardiac surgery and 1 patient died. typing r ... | 2012 | 22404422 |
| methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus st398 contamination and transmission in pigs after a low dose inoculation. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) st398 has recently been described as a zoonotic agent. its transmission between animals seems to be a pivotal factor in its emergence and dissemination. this experimental trial was performed to describe mrsa st398 contamination and transmission in pigs after a low dose inoculation. | 2012 | 22404325 |
| [vancomycin cationic liposome combined with nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/konjac glucomannan scaffold for treatment of infected bone defects in rabbits]. | to investigate the anti-infection and bone repair effects of cationic liposome-encapsulated vancomycin combined with the nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/konjac glucomannan (n-ha/cs/kgm) composite scaffold in vivo. | 2012 | 22403883 |
| a novel δ-hemolysis screening method for detecting heteroresistant vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-intermediate s. aureus. | we assessed a new screening method, based on δ-hemolysin production in the presence of 6 mg/liter vancomycin, to distinguish heteroresistant vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus (hvisa) and vancomycin-intermediate s. aureus (visa) from vancomycin-susceptible s. aureus (vssa). on 37 clinical methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) isolates, hvisa and visa displayed no δ-hemolysis whereas vssa displayed strong δ-hemolysis, showing 91.6% sensitivity. these data, supported by real-time rever ... | 2012 | 22403425 |
| mitochondrial superoxide production contributes to vancomycin-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis. | vancomycin chloride (vcm), a glycopeptide antibiotic, is widely used for the therapy of infections caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. however, nephrotoxicity is a major adverse effect in vcm therapy. in this study, we investigated the cellular mechanisms underlying vcm-induced renal tubular cell injury in cultured llc-pk1 cells. vcm induced a concentration- and time-dependent cell injury in llc-pk1 cells. vcm caused increases in the numbers of annexin v-positive/pi-negative c ... | 2012 | 22401854 |
| infection prevention and control interventions in the first outbreak of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infections in an equine hospital in sweden. | the first outbreak of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection in horses in sweden occurred in 2008 at the university animal hospital and highlighted the need for improved infection prevention and control. the present study describes interventions and infection prevention control in an equine hospital setting july 2008 - april 2010. | 2012 | 22401493 |
| staphylococcus aureus, including community-acquired methicillin-resistant s. aureus, in a level iii nicu: 2001 to 2008. | to determine epidemiology and clinical characteristics of infants with methicillin-susceptible (mssa) and -resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) in a level iii neonatal intensive care unit (nicu). | 2012 | 22399220 |
| microbiology of cardiac implantable electronic device infections. | the aim of the study was to describe the microbiological findings of cardiac implantable electronic devices (cieds) infection in the 2000-2011 period at the cardiology unit of new santa chiara hospital in pisa (italy). | 2012 | 22399202 |
| [septic arthritis of hip due to salmonella typhi in a patient with multiple sclerosis]. | the most common microorganisms isolated from septic arthritis are staphylococcus aureus and streptoccocci. septic arthritis due to salmonella spp. are rare and the most commonly isolated species are s.choleraesuis and s.typhimurium. however the number of septic arthritis cases due to s.typhi is low in literature. in this report, septic arthritis of hip due to s.typhi in a multiple sclerosis patient who was under steroid therapy, was presented. a 25-year-old female patient was admitted to our cli ... | 2012 | 22399179 |
| [prevalence and risk factors for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus colonization among outpatients undergoing hemodialysis treatment]. | infections caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is frequent among hemodialysis patients and lead to increased morbidity and mortality rates. it is known that nasal colonization plays an important role for the development of mrsa infections. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for mrsa colonization among outpatients undergoing hemodialysis. a total of 466 adult patients (199 female, 267 male; age range: 18-89 years, mean age: 55.8 ± 15.1 ... | 2012 | 22399178 |
| the efficacy and safety of high-dose arbekacin sulfate therapy (once-daily treatment) in patients with mrsa infection. | the efficacy and safety of once-daily high-dose arbekacin sulfate therapy for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection were evaluated, with analysis of their relationship to blood drug levels. the study was conducted in patients with pneumonia or sepsis, the cause of which was suspected to be mrsa, who were admitted to the nagasaki university hospital or its affiliated hospitals between january 2009 and december 2010. the initial drug dose was set at a level expected to yield ... | 2012 | 22398881 |
| characterization of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus displaying increased mics of ceftaroline. | to characterize the mechanisms responsible for elevated mics of ceftaroline for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). | 2012 | 22398650 |
| prevalence and predictors of mrsa, esbl, and vre colonization in the ambulatory ibd population. | inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) patients may be at increased risk of acquiring antibiotic-resistant organisms (aro). we sought to determine the prevalence of colonization of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), enterobacteriaceae containing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (esbl), and vancomycin-resistant enterococi (vre) among ambulatory ibd patients. | 2012 | 22398097 |
| the persistence of staphylococcus aureus decolonization after mupirocin and topical chlorhexidine: implications for patients requiring multiple or delayed procedures. | preoperative screening and decolonization of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mssa and mrsa, respectively) are advocated to reduce surgical site infections. we determined the rate and duration of decolonization in patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery. patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery were seen in our preoperative testing program (pat) and had their anterior nares cultured for mrsa and mssa. all patients were treated with intranasal ... | 2012 | 22397861 |
| bacterial adhesion on biomedical surfaces covered by micrometric silver islands. | a set of cu-mn-o and ag-cu-mn-o films were sputter-deposited onto polished ti-6al-4v coupons and the microbiological adherence of staphylococcus sp. was studied in these biomedical surfaces modified by using advanced ternary and quaternary oxides, these latter incorporated micrometric silver islands. silver is known to have a natural biocidal character and its presence in the surface of ti-6al-4v forming large micrometric islands. in principle, predicted to enhance the antimicrobial properties o ... | 2012 | 22396150 |
| clinical evidence that v456a is a cystic fibrosis causing mutation in south asians. | cystic fibrosis (cf) genotypes in south asians are variable with a decreased incidence of delta f508 and an increased incidence of novel mutations. the objective of this study is to provide clinical evidence that v456a, a novel mutation in south asian cystic fibrosis patients, can cause significant lung disease. | 2012 | 22395041 |
| st22 and st239 mrsa duopoly in singaporean hospitals: 2006-2010. | surveillance is integral for the monitoring and control of infectious diseases. we conducted prospective laboratory surveillance of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) in five singaporean public-sector hospitals from 2006 to 2010, using whonet 5.6 for data compilation and analysis. molecular profiling using multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec classification and multilocus sequence typing was performed for a random selection of ... | 2013 | 22394568 |
| detailed evaluation of a newly attained fungal pigment from monascus purpureus in meat burgers. | beef burgers with red pigment extracted from monascus purpureus, used as a natural colouring agent, were examined for chemical compositions, physical properties, microbiological aspects and organoleptic evaluation. beef burgers with monascus pigment showed higher nutritional values compared with control samples. nutritional values were proportionally enhanced by increasing pigment concentration. synthetic dye samples had the lowest values of nutrients. cooking loss percentage and water holding c ... | 2012 | 22394332 |
| vancomycin modulated autolysis in staphylococcus aureus: does it vary with the susceptibility and planktonic or biofilm phenotype? | | 2012 | 22394190 |
| antimicrobial efficacy of the alkaloid harmaline alone and in combination with chlorhexidine digluconate against clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus grown in planktonic and biofilm cultures. | to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of an alkaloid, harmaline alone and in combination with chlorhexidine digluconate (chg) against clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) grown in planktonic and biofilm cultures. | 2012 | 22394164 |
| effects of targeting higher vancomycin trough levels on clinical outcomes and costs in a matched patient cohort. | to compare clinical outcomes and costs in patients treated with the new vancomycin guidelines recommending goal serum trough concentrations of 15-20 mg/l versus patients treated with vancomycin doses targeting trough concentrations 5-20 mg/l prior to the new guidelines. | 2012 | 22392452 |
| carriage of an acme ii variant may have contributed to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus sequence type 239-like strain replacement in liverpool hospital, sydney, australia. | approximately 39% of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) sequence type 239 (st239)-like bloodstream isolates from liverpool hospital (obtained between 1997 and 2008) carry an arginine catabolic mobile element (acme). whole-genome sequencing revealed that an acme ii variant is located between orfx and sccmec iii, and based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and temporal relationships of all st239-like isolates (n = 360), acme carriage may have contributed to subpulsotype ... | 2012 | 22391530 |
| metastatic infectious disease and clinical outcome in staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus species bacteremia. | early detection of metastatic infection in patients with gram-positive bacteremia is important as morbidity and mortality are higher in the presence of these foci, probably due to incomplete eradication of clinically silent foci during initial treatment. we performed a prospective study in 115 patients with staphylococcus aureus or streptococcus species bacteremia with at least 1 risk factor for the development of metastatic foci, such as community acquisition, treatment delay, persistently posi ... | 2012 | 22391470 |
| septic emboli resulting in an acutely ischaemic lower limb: a case report. | sources of arterial embolism range from the common, such as cardiac pathology, to less common causes. we present a case of an acutely ischaemic lower limb due to septic emboli from staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. | 2012 | 22391351 |
| structure of the s. aureus pi-specific phospholipase c reveals modulation of active site access by a titratable π-cation latched loop. | staphylococcus aureus secretes a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) as a virulence factor that is unusual in exhibiting higher activity at acidic ph values than other enzymes in this class. we have determined the crystal structure of this enzyme at ph 4.6 and ph 7.5. under slightly basic conditions, the s. aureus pi-plc structure closely follows the conformation of other bacterial pi-plcs. however, when crystallized under acidic conditions, a large section of mobile loop at t ... | 2012 | 22390775 |
| local inflammation in chronic upper airway disease. | chronic rhinosinusitis (crs), a chronic upper airway inflammation, is an inflammation of the nose and the paranasal cavities and is highly prevalent. chronic rhinosinusitis is currently classified as crs with nasal polyps or crs without nasal polyps. this review highlights the pathophysiological differences in crs on remodeling and on t-cell patterns. nasal polyps have a high co-morbidity with the lower airway inflammatory disease, asthma. evidence is accumulating for the role of superantigens, ... | 2012 | 22390697 |
| daptomycin failure in a neutropenic leukemia patient with staphylococcus aureus meningitis. | | 2012 | 22390617 |
| necrotizing pneumonia: a rare complication of pneumonia requiring special consideration. | necrotizing pneumonia is a rare complication of bacterial lung infection. its cause is owing to either a virulence factor of the microorganism or a predisposing factor of the host. this disease may cause devastating complications such as diffuse pulmonary inflammation, septic shock, and respiratory failure, making treatment more difficult. in the recent decade, the cause of necrotizing pneumonia and the role of surgical treatment have raised considerable attention, leading to therapeutically spe ... | 2012 | 22388585 |
| methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). | occupational and environmental health nurses can prevent the spread of mrsa when evaluating and treating workers' injuries. | 2012 | 22387249 |
| a practical model of osteomyelitis-induced bone pain by intra-tibial injection of staphylococcus aureus in rats. | osteomyelitis is an acute or chronic inflammatory process of bone accompanied with mild to severe pain. generally, mild to moderate pain induced by osteomyelitis can be relieved, yet severe pain cannot. therefore, a further investigation into the mechanism of severe pain induced by osteomyelitis is needed. in this study, a traditional rat model of osteomyelitis was induced by intra-tibial injection of staphylococcus aureus. then, a series of tests including bone histology, blood analysis, mechan ... | 2012 | 22387071 |
| postoperative infection treatment score for the spine (pitss): construction and validation of a predictive model to define need for single versus multiple irrigation and debridement for spinal surgical site infection. | there is very little evidence to guide treatment of patients with spinal surgical site infection (ssi) who require irrigation and debridement (i&d) in deciding need for single or multiple i&ds or more complex wound management such as vacuum-assisted closure dressing or soft-tissue flaps. | 2012 | 22386957 |
| genetic diversity of community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolated from tenerife island, spain. | with the recent detection of mrsa (methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus) infections in patients lacking health care-related risk factors, the term community-acquired mrsa (ca-mrsa) has been become widely recognised. many cases of ca-mrsa spreading to the community have been described worldwide. the aim of this study was to determine the features of ca-mrsa isolates from tenerife island. toward this end, one hundred mrsa isolates were collected from eight different health regions, and thei ... | 2012 | 22386850 |
| fourteen years in resistance. | resistance trends have changed greatly over the 14 years (1997-2011) whilst i was director of the uk antibiotic resistance monitoring and reference laboratory (armrl). meticillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) first rose, then fell with improved infection control, although with the decline of one major clone beginning before these improvements. resistant pneumococci too have declined following conjugate vaccine deployment. if the situation against gram-positive pathogens has improved, th ... | 2012 | 22386741 |
| livestock-associated staphylococcus aureus: origin, evolution and public health threat. | staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen responsible for severe nosocomial and community-associated infections of humans and infections of economically important livestock species. in recent years, studies into livestock-associated s. aureus including methicillin-resistant (mrsa) strains have provided new information regarding their origin and host adaptation, and their capacity to cause zoonotic infections of humans. furthermore, a potential role for human activities such as domestication and ... | 2012 | 22386364 |
| successful treatment of right-sided native valve methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus endocarditis and septicaemia with teicoplanin and rifampicin: a case report. | vancomycin is the drug of choice in the treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection. however, the presence of certain clinical complications like renal failure alters vancomycin pharmacokinetics, leading to drug accumulation and toxicity. this highlights the need to identify an effective substitute for treating mrsa infections when vancomycin cannot be used. we report the case of a 57-y-old indian male diagnosed with tricuspid valve endocarditis with septicaemia and ... | 2012 | 22385220 |
| genetic variability in beta-defensins is not associated with susceptibility to staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. | human beta-defensins are key components of human innate immunity to a variety of pathogens, including staphylococcus aureus. the aim of the present study was to investigate a potential association between gene variations in defb1 and defb103/defb4 and the development of s. aureus bacteremia (sab) employing a case-control design. | 2012 | 22384213 |
| metabolism of small antimicrobial β(2,2)-amino acid derivatives by murine liver microsomes. | we have investigated the in vitro metabolism of three small antimicrobial β(2,2)-amino acid derivatives (m (w) < 500) that are highly potent against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, and are among the first compounds designed from small cationic antimicrobial peptides with potential for oral administration. the β(2,2)-amino acid derivatives are virtually completely resistant against degradation by proteases, and to further explore their drug potential, we have investigated the hepatic ... | 2012 | 22383330 |
| effectiveness of two disinfectant solutions and microwave irradiation in disinfecting complete dentures contaminated with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) biofilm on dentures can be aspirated, thus causing infections such as aspiration pneumonia. the authors evaluated the efficacy of two disinfectant solutions and microwave irradiation in disinfecting complete dentures contaminated with mrsa. | 2012 | 22383208 |
| formal infectious diseases consultation is associated with decreased mortality in staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. | to determine the impact of infectious diseases consultation (idc) in staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. all mrsa bacteraemia and a random subset of mssa bacteraemia were retrospectively analysed. out of 599 sab episodes, 162 (27%) were followed by an idc. patients with idc were younger and more frequently intravenous drug users, but fewer resided in a long-term care facility or were indigenous. hospital length of stay was longer (29.5 vs 17 days, p < 0.001), and endocarditis (19.1% vs 7.3%, p < ... | 2012 | 22382823 |
| previous healthcare exposure is the main antecedent for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus carriage on hospital admission in belgium. | this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) carriage upon hospital admission and to study the molecular epidemiology of mrsa in order to assess the proportion of panton-valentine leukocidin (pvl)-positive community-associated (ca) and livestock-associated (la) mrsa strains. epidemiological data on mrsa carriage upon hospital admission (2006-2009) were collected in a compulsory, continuous, national mrsa surveillance in belgian acute-care hosp ... | 2012 | 22382816 |
| synergy between oxacillin and manuka honey sensitizes methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus to oxacillin. | honey is an ancient wound remedy that has recently been introduced into modern clinical practice in developed countries. manuka honey inhibits growth of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) by preventing cell division. in gram-negative bacteria a synergistic interaction between honey and antibiotics has been suggested. we aimed to determine the effect of manuka honey on oxacillin resistance in mrsa. | 2012 | 22382468 |
| tube thoracostomy: primary management option for empyema thoracis in children. | the aim of this study was to review our experience with tube thoracostomy in the management of empyema thoracis in children. | 2012 | 22382100 |
| surgical treatment of non-diabetic chronic osteomyelitis involving the foot and ankle. | we evaluated the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with chronic osteomyelitis in the foot and ankle in patients without diabetes. | 2012 | 22381344 |
| comparative expression analysis of two thermostable nuclease genes in staphylococcus aureus. | thermonuclease is known as a specific virulence factor in staphylococcus aureus. it is widely used as a genetic marker for detection of s. aureus in various types of food. previous studies have revealed the existence of two functional thermostable nucleases encoded by two different genes (nuc1 and nuc2) in s. aureus. to identify the expression characteristics of these two genes, comparative mrna analysis of nuc1 and nuc2 was carried out by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr). ... | 2012 | 22380879 |
| chitosan: antimicrobial action upon staphylococci after impregnation onto cotton fabric. | high levels of viable staphylococcus aureus, which are often found on inflamed skin surfaces, are usually associated with atopic dermatitis. textiles, owing to their high specific surface area and intrinsic hydrophilicity, retain moisture while also providing excellent environmental conditions for microbial growth and proliferation. recently, a number of chemicals have been added to textiles, so as to confer antimicrobial activity. | 2012 | 22380634 |
| post-influenza pneumonia caused by the usa300 community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in korea. | panton-valentine leukocidin (pvl)-positive usa300 clone has been the most successful community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (ca-mrsa) clone spreading in north america. in contrast, pvl-negative st72-ca-mrsa has been predominant in korea, and there has been no report of infections by the usa300 strain except only one case report of perianal infection. here, we describe the first case of pneumonia caused by the usa300 strain following pandemic influenza a (h1n1) in korea. ... | 2012 | 22379344 |
| meca-positive staphylococcus aureus with low-level oxacillin mic in taiwan. | although the presence of meca is the genotypic determinant of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), certain mrsa strains, especially community-associated mrsa (c-mrsa), can display an oxacillin mic in the clinical and laboratory standards institute susceptible breakpoint range (≤ 2 μg/ml). among 91 and 180 isolates thought to be methicillin-susceptible s. aureus (mssa) with oxacillin mics of 2 and 1 μg/ml as determined by the sensititre broth microdilution test initially, 52 (57.1% ... | 2012 | 22378906 |
| synthesis and secretory expression of hybrid antimicrobial peptide ceca-mag and its mutants in pichia pastoris. | the hybrid peptide ca(1-7)-m(2-12) gene was designed according to the n-terminal 1-7 amino acid sequence of the antimicrobial peptide cecropin a (ca) and the n-terminal 2-12 amino acid sequence of maganin (m) and synthesized using pichia pastoris preferred codons. the gene was cloned into ppiczαa and transformed into the p. pastoris recipient bacterium smd1168, regulated by the alcohol oxidase (aox). expression of the ceca-mag hybrid antimicrobial peptide (mw, 1.9 kda) revealed broad-spectrum an ... | 2012 | 22378824 |
| fitness cost: a bacteriological explanation for the demise of the first international methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus epidemic. | denmark and several other countries experienced the first epidemic of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) during the period 1965-75, which was caused by multiresistant isolates of phage complex 83a. in denmark these mrsa isolates disappeared almost completely, being replaced by other phage types, predominantly only penicillin resistant. we investigated whether isolates of this epidemic were associated with a fitness cost, and we employed a mathematical model to ask whether these f ... | 2012 | 22378682 |
| outbreak of bullous impetigo caused by staphylococcus aureus strains of phage type 3c/71 in a maternity ward linked to nasal carriage of a healthcare worker. | we describe an outbreak of bullous impetigo (bi) that occurred in a maternity unit and show phenotypic and genotypic properties and relatedness of isolated staphylococcus aureus strains. clinical material was obtained from 11 affected neonates. additionally, nasal swabs from 67 healthy care workers (hcws) as well as 107 environmental swabs were investigated. all isolates were screened for exfoliative toxin genes (eta, etb), antibiotic susceptibility and phage typed. chromosomal dna was genotyped ... | 2013 | 22378195 |
| the safety and efficacy of linezolid and daptomycin as an additive in optisol-gs against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | to evaluate the efficacy of adding either linezolid or daptomycin to optisol-gs donor storage medium in reducing methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) contamination of donor corneas. | 2012 | 22378113 |
| creams used by hand eczema patients are often contaminated with staphylococcus aureus. | | 2012 | 22377767 |
| genetic requirement for adam10 in severe staphylococcus aureus skin infection. | | 2012 | 22377761 |
| verrulactones a and b, new inhibitors of staphylococcus aureus enoyl-acp reductase produced by penicillium verruculosum f375. | new dimeric compounds of alternariol class, verrulactones a and b, were isolated from a culture broth of the fungal strain penicillium verruculosum f375 and their structure were established by various spectral analysis. verrulactones a and b strongly inhibited staphylococcus aureus enoyl-acp reductase with ic(50) of 0.92 and 1.41 μm, respectively, and also showed antibacterial activity against s. aureus and mrsa with mics of 8 and 16 μg/ml, respectively. | 2012 | 22377515 |
| identification of a highly transmissible animal-independent staphylococcus aureus st398 clone with distinct genomic and cell adhesion properties. | a methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) clone known as st398 has emerged as a major cause of acute infections in individuals who have close contact with livestock. more recently, the emergence of an animal-independent st398 methicillin-sensitive s. aureus (mssa) clone has been documented in several countries. however, the limited surveillance of mssa has precluded an accurate assessment of the global spread of st398 and its clinical relevance. here we provide evidence that st398 is ... | 2012 | 22375071 |
| genome sequence of staphylococcus aureus strain 11819-97, an st80-iv european community-acquired methicillin-resistant isolate. | the european methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) clone st80-iv has historically dominated community-associated infections in major parts of europe and is a lineage strongly linked to skin and soft tissue infections. here, we report the genome sequence of an st80-iv representative, 11819-97, isolated from a skin infection in denmark in 1997. | 2012 | 22374956 |
| [pacemaker infection developed one month after the surgery for prosthetic valve endocarditis]. | a 57-year-old man underwent mitral valve replacement and tricuspid annuloplasty for mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. pacemaker implantation was conducted because of postoperative sick sinus syndrome 2 months after the operation. one year later, the patient was readmitted to the hospital because of high fever. echocardiography showed 2 vegetations of 10 mm in diameter attached to the mitral mechanical valve. no vegetations were detected on the tricuspid valve or the pacemaker leads. mitral val ... | 2012 | 22374599 |
| [prosthetic valve endocarditis associated with paravalvular aortic and mitral abscesses]. | a 63-year-old female, who had undergone aortic and mitral valve replacement 16 years ago, was admitted because of urinary tract infection. the patient developed cerebral hemorrhage. methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus was isolated from her blood culture. transesophageal echocardiography revealed paravalvular aortic and mitral abscesses, and the diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis was established. a redo double valve replacement was performed. both paravalvular abscess cavities were ... | 2012 | 22374598 |
| systematic review: what is the best antibiotic treatment for staphylococcus aureus intramammary infection of lactating cows in north america? | staphylococcus aureus is the most prevalent pathogen causing intramammary infections (imi) in dairy cattle worldwide. new treatment regimens have been evaluated to increase cure rates. a systematic review was conducted to answer this question: what is the best antibiotic treatment for s aureus imi of lactating cows in north america? direct comparison between studies (n = 6) was difficult since there was no clinical trial comparing all antibiotics and large variations between study protocols and ... | 2012 | 22374116 |
| preparation of gentamicin-loaded electrospun coating on titanium implants and a study of their properties in vitro. | implant-related infections are disastrous complications in the clinic, and there are no effective therapies. in this preliminary study, gentamicin-loaded coating on titanium implants was prepared using the electrospinning technique, and some properties of the coating titanium implants were studied. | 2012 | 22373914 |
| inhibitory effect of sour pomegranate sauces on some green vegetables and kisir. | in this study, the antimicrobial effects of both traditional and commercial pomegranate sour sauce samples on some green vegetables and also on "kısır" which is a popular and traditional appetizer in turkey were investigated. the inhibitory effect of the pomegranate products on the naturally existing bacterial microflora of lettuce, spring onion, parsley and kısır were analyzed. also, all these food samples were inoculated with staphylococcus aureus (atcc-25923) and escherichia coli o157:h7 (atc ... | 2012 | 22373570 |
| relapsing infective endocarditis following closure of ventricular septal defect. | an 8-year-old boy who had undergone dacron patch closure of a ventricular septal defect 5 years earlier, was admitted with relapsing methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis and lung abscesses. echocardiography indicated vegetation attached to the tricuspid valve and the dacron patch. the infected patch was replaced with glutaraldehyde-treated autologous pericardium. he was discharged uneventfully and has been well for 4 years, without signs of infection. | 2012 | 22371944 |
| increasing us rates of endocarditis with staphylococcus aureus: 1999-2008. | | 2012 | 22371926 |
| critical appraisal of air pouch infection model in rats. | the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and pharmacokinetic profiles of gentamicin, vancomycin, and levofloxacin in a rat air pouch model, in which staphylococcus aureus (atcc 25293) was used as the test organism. antibiotic treatments (i.p.) were started 1 hour after bacterial inoculation and continued for 5 days. bacterial counts and antibiotic concentrations were determined in pouch exudates that were obtained on the 5th day of antibiotic treatment. the following observations were ma ... | 2012 | 22371910 |
| daptomycin and tigecycline have broader effective dose ranges than vancomycin as prophylaxis against a staphylococcus aureus surgical implant infection in mice. | vancomycin is widely used for intravenous prophylaxis against surgical implant infections. however, it is unclear whether alternative antibiotics used to treat methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infections are effective as prophylactic agents. the aim of this study was to compare the efficacies of vancomycin, daptomycin, and tigecycline as prophylactic therapy against a methicillin-sensitive s. aureus (mssa) or mrsa surgical implant infection in mice. mssa or mrsa was inoculated ... | 2012 | 22371896 |
| daptomycin versus vancomycin in a methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis rabbit model: bactericidal effect, safety, and ocular pharmacokinetics. | staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of acute endophthalmitis, and infection with this virulent bacterium is often associated with a poor visual outcome. in this study, we investigated the bactericidal efficacy and the safety of intravitreal daptomycin (dap), a lipopeptide antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive bacteria, compared with those of intravitreal vancomycin (van) in a methicillin-resistant s. aureus endophthalmitis rabbit model. the pharmacokinetics and phar ... | 2012 | 22371888 |
| novel phenol-soluble modulin derivatives in community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus identified through imaging mass spectrometry. | staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of human disease ranging from localized skin and soft tissue infections to potentially lethal systemic infections. s. aureus has the biosynthetic ability to generate numerous virulence factors that assist in circumventing the innate immune system during disease pathogenesis. recent studies have uncovered a set of extracellular peptides produced by community-associated methicillin-resistant s. aureus (ca-mrsa) with homology to the phenol-soluble modulins ... | 2012 | 22371493 |
| infection cases in infants and small children with atopic dermatitis--own observations. | the purpose of the work is to estimate the frequency of occurrence of various infections in infants and small children, aged between 0 and 36 months with atopic dermatitis in the practice of a family doctor. | 2012 | 22371412 |
| relationship between antibiotic consumption, oropharyngeal colonization, and ventilator-associated pneumonia by staphylococcus aureus in an intensive care unit of a brazilian teaching hospital. | his study evaluated the consumption of major classes of antibiotics, the colonization of the oropharynx of patients on mechanical ventilation, and the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) caused by staphylococcus aureus in an intensive care unit for adults. | 2012 | 22370838 |
| functional characterization of lipase in the pathogenesis of staphylococcus aureus. | during infection, staphylococcus aureus produces multiple enzymes that enable it to invade and destroy host tissues and metastasize to other sites. one such enzyme, lipase, has been recognized for its relationship in the virulence of s. aureus. however, a direct involvement of lipase in the pathogenesis of s. aureus remains to be demonstrated. our prior study indicated that anti-lipase serum inhibits biofilm formation in s. aureus clinical strains. the aim of this study was to further characteri ... | 2012 | 22369949 |
| occurrence and distribution of staphylococcus aureus lineages among zoo animals. | | 2012 | 22369899 |
| study of staphylococcus aureus collected at slaughter from dairy cows with chronic mastitis. | staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens associated with bovine mastitis. recent studies have shown that staph. aureus strains may differ in virulence, and in their ability to disseminate across commercial dairy herds. the goal of this study was to determine whether staph. aureus isolates differed in their ability to colonize mammary tissue, and whether such differences could be related to molecular characteristics. quarter milk and mammary tissues of 22 cows from two dairy h ... | 2012 | 22369758 |
| daptomycin approved in japan for the treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | daptomycin is a lipoglycopeptide antibacterial drug that is rapidly bactericidal for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection and has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-positive organisms. it has been approved by the ministry of health, labor and welfare in japan for the treatment for bacteremia, right-sided endocarditis, and skin and skin-structure infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis, due to mrsa on the basis of a phase iii trial conducted in japan since ... | 2012 | 22368449 |