| outbreak of trichinosis in ontario secondary to the ingestion of wild boar meat. | we report an outbreak of trichinosis from the consumption of locally processed, cold smoked wild boar meat of a domestically reared animal from a farm in dufferin county, ontario. between january and march 1993, 24 cases of trichinosis were identified and of these, 21 patients were symptomatic. the most common symptoms were myalgia (75%), weakness (75%), fever (71%) and periorbital edema (67%). eosinophilia and elevated creatine phosphokinase levels were noted in 86% and 89% of patients respecti ... | 1997 | 9094806 |
| [the influence of phytohemagglutinin p on cd4+ and cd8+ cells in the course of experimental trichinellosis in mice]. | experiments were carried out with mice of cfw inbred strain infected with 200 trichinella spiralis larvae and divided into two groups: experimental and control. the experimental mice were injected with phytohaemagglutinin p (pha-p), 24 h before infection. the all animals were killed between 7-133 days post infection and the pieces of spleens, mesenteric lymph nodes, jejunum and masseter muscles were sectioned in a cryostat and examined with monoclonal antibodies (anti-thy 1, 2, anti-cd4+ and ant ... | 1996 | 9103053 |
| increased intestinal muscle contractility and worm expulsion in nematode-infected mice. | intestinal nematode infections are accompanied by mucosal inflammation and an increase in propulsive motor activity that may contribute to parasite eviction from the gut. to examine whether differences in worm expulsion correspond to the increased intestinal muscle contractility that accompanies nematode infection, we studied mice with genetically determined differences in their ability to expel the nematode parasite trichinella spiralis. specifically, we examined isometric contraction of longit ... | 1997 | 9124356 |
| microfilarial larvae in fine needle aspiration (fna) cytology of breast lump masquerading as encysted trichinella spiralis. | | 1997 | 9134339 |
| cytokine regulation of host defense against parasitic gastrointestinal nematodes: lessons from studies with rodent models. | studies with rodents infected with trichinella spiralis, heligmosomoides polygyrus, nippostronglyus brasiliensis, and trichuris muris have provided considerable information about immune mechanisms that protect against parasitic gastrointestinal nematodes. four generalizations can be made: 1. cd4+ t cells are critical for host protection; 2. il-12 and ifn-gamma inhibit protective immunity; 3. il-4 can: (a) be required for host protection, (b) limit severity of infection, or (c) induce redundant p ... | 1997 | 9143698 |
| terminal beta-linked tyvelose creates unique epitopes in trichinella spiralis glycan antigens. | indirect evidence that the immunodominant n-glycans of the parasite, trichinella spiralis are capped by novel beta-linked 3,6-dideoxy-d-arabinohexopyranosyl residues (tyvelose, tyv) was obtained from immunochemical assays employing monoclonal antibodies and synthetic oligosaccharides. three of four previously characterized monoclonal antibodies generated from the lymphocytes of t.spiralis infected rats bind bsa glycoconjugates bearing the synthetic epitope beta-d-tyvp(1-->3)-beta-d-galnacp but n ... | 1997 | 9147047 |
| nitrite mediated t lymphocyte responses in the intestinal immune system of mice infected with trichinella spiralis nematode. | the effects of orally administered sodium nitrite (20 mg nano2/kg b. w) on the responses of t and b lymphocytes collected from the mesenteric lymph nodes were studied in resistant akr/j, h-2(k) haplotype mice infected with trichinella spiralis nematode. on days 6, 9, and 12 postinfection, the mesenteric lymph node cells (mlnc) were collected from the mice and assayed for lymphocyte subsets (cd4(+), cd8(+), b220(+)), cytokines (il-2, il-5), and inf-gamma. at the same time, the number of adult wor ... | 1997 | 9175517 |
| [the susceptibility of different animal species to synanthropic and natural populations of trichinella]. | pigs have been found to be highly susceptible to the synanthropic (domestic) population of trichinella [correction of trachina] and weakly susceptible to the natural (native) one. fur-bearing animals (polar foxes and foxes) are more susceptible to the natural population of trichinella [correction of trachina], but minks are equally sensible to the two variants of t. spiralis. in the host's body, synanthropic trichinella [correction of trachinas] form capsules of lemon-like, less frequently, oval ... | 1997 | 9182187 |
| [the comparative morphology of trichinella spiralis and trichinella pseudospiralis]. | the comparative study of the morphology of invasive larvae and mature males and females t. spiralis and t. pseudospiralis at the head end of the parasites has revealed 14 papillae which are located in 3 circles and 2 which are placed bilaterally, 2 amphidae, and a lanceolar stiletto with a spicular cutting edge. there are no differences in the structure of the heads of these two trichinella species. the larval cuticle is decorated only with cross folds while longitudinal small-sized folds which ... | 1997 | 9182188 |
| a complementary dna encoding an antigen from trichinella spiralis muscle larvae and its analog from trichinella t5 of bobcat origin: sequence, cloning and expressions. | reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was employed to amplify a cdna encoding an excretory-secretory (es) antigen with mol. wt 45-50 kda by sds-page from t. spiralis muscle larvae. the pcr product was purified by electrophoresis and sequenced by thermal cycle sequencing with primer walking. the cdna is 890 bp long and encodes a polypeptide of 255 amino acid (aa) residues. using the same methods, we also recovered a corresponding cdna from trichinella t5, which is 891 bp long a ... | 1997 | 9184935 |
| in vitro effects of trichinella spiralis on muscle cells. | introduction of excretory/secretory (es) products of both infective-stage and newborn larvae of trichinella spiralis into cultures of primary rat myocytes elicited morphological and structural changes in the myotubes. they appeared more granular, thinner, and failed to form networks. the most prominent lesion was the formation of 'nodular' structures, each bearing an enlarged nucleus, along the myotubes. each node contained numerous cavities enclosed by an intact sarcolemma. co-culture of myocyt ... | 1997 | 9192713 |
| immunization of mice against trichinella spiralis and t. britovi using excretory and secretory antigens. | immune responses to immunization and infection with trichinella spiralis and t. britovi were studied in nih high-responder mice. overall it was shown that t. britovi was the more immunogenic, immunization and challenge with this species giving greater host-protective immunity. this greater immunogenicity was reflected in higher proliferative responses when mesenteric node lymphocytes (mlnc) from immunized mice were restimulated with t. britovi antigens in vitro and in higher levels of t helper 2 ... | 1997 | 9192714 |
| exposure of swine to trichinella spiralis antigen as determined by consecutive elisas and western blot. | exposure of swine to trichinella spiralis was evaluated using a combination of 3 consecutive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) based on larval t. spiralis excretory-secretory antigen as screening test and western blot analysis as confirmatory test. ninety-three of 32,693 domestic swine sera collected in georgia over a 5-yr period contained antibodies specific to t. spiralis (prevalence of exposure = 0.28%). the highest prevalence (0.52%) of exposure to t. spiralis was in samples from s ... | 1997 | 9194822 |
| study of biological properties of trichinella spiralis newborn larvae and the antiparasitic mucosal immunity of the host. | studies of biological properties of newborn larvae of trichinella spiralis and immune responses against newborn larvae in the host are reviewed. the biological properties of newborn larvae examined are the natural production, migration, surface antigens and their maturity and effects on the host. various mechanisms of host immunity to newborn larvae are reviewed, including the stage specificity, kinetics, cell-mediated vs. antibody-dependent immunity in the mucosal and other tissues of the host. | 1997 | 9214375 |
| trichinella spiralis: synthesis of type iv and type vi collagen during nurse cell formation. | the portion of skeletal muscle fiber (nurse cell) harboring trichinella spiralis is surrounded by an acellular capsule susceptible to digestion with collagenase. antibodies recognized type iv and type vi collagen in the capsule, while the periodic acid schiff reagent stained the capsule differentially, revealing at least two distinct layers. rna analysis showed that mrna specific for type iv and type vi collagen was present in muscle tissue on days 9 and 15, but not on day 3, following intracell ... | 1997 | 9225769 |
| workshop on a detailed characterization of trichinella spiralis antigens: a platform for future studies on antigens and antibodies to this parasite. | in order to characterize immunodominant components of t. spiralis a workshop was organized. in this the reactivity of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, provided by different research groups, towards total extracts from adult, new born larvae and muscle larvae as well as to excretory/secretory components of muscle larvae were tested by elisa, western blot and immunoprecipitation assays. as a result of this workshop t. spiralis ml antigens have been classified into eight groups (tsl-1-tsl-8) a ... | 1996 | 9229380 |
| the time course of the specific antibody response by various elisas in pigs experimentally infected with toxoplasma gondii. | with the aim of developing routine serological tests for monitoring the toxoplasma infection status of danish swine herds, four elisas based on tachyzoite antigen were set up: (1) an indirect elisa for igg-antibody; (2) a blocking elisa for antibody to the membrane antigen, p30; (3) an indirect elisa for igm; (4) a reverse, antibody-catching igm-elisa. groups of pigs (number between 6 and 10) were inoculated with tachyzoites of the rh-strain, tissue cysts of two complete strains, or oocysts in t ... | 1997 | 9231984 |
| [foci of trichinelliasis in the area covered by the cluj-napoca medical center and health and management services]. | | 1997 | 9235154 |
| role of t helper 2 cells in intestinal goblet cell hyperplasia in mice infected with trichinella spiralis. | the four principal types of intestinal epithelial cells are derived from multipotent stem cells. currently, there is no information on factors that regulate commitment of stem cells to differentiate along one lineage vs. another. the aim of our study was to investigate the role of t cells in the regulation of small intestinal goblet cell hyperplasia in mice infected with the parasite trichinella spiralis. | 1997 | 9247474 |
| trichinosis associated with carcinoma of the tongue: case report. | a rare presentation of trichinella spiralis with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is reported. the possible carcinogenic potential of trichinosis and its management are discussed. | 1997 | 9247946 |
| effect of ivermectin on experimental trichinosis. | ivermectin is a potent macrolytic lactone causing paralysis in many nematodes and arthropods through an influx of chloride ions across cell membranes. this work was carried out to assess its effect against t. spiralis infection in swiss albino mice as a single dose treatment. ivermectin was administered to infected mice: one day before, the same day, 5, 10 and 35 days post trichinella infection. assessment of the drug effect was through: a) parasitological study which included: adult count, larv ... | 1997 | 9257971 |
| immunological characteristics and localization of the trichinella spiralis glutathione s-transferase. | trichinella spiralis glutathione s-transferase (tsgst) was isolated from crude extracts of l1 larvae by glutathione-affinity chromatography. two closely migrating polypeptides with molecular masses of 28.5 and 28 kda were identified by electrophoresis. three isoforms of pi 5.6, 5.8, and 6.0 were detected by isoelectric focusing. purified tsgst showed a low transferase activity as measured with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene; glutathione peroxidase activity was also demonstrated using cumene hydrope ... | 1997 | 9267403 |
| analysis of chinese isolates of trichinella spiralis by molecular biotechnology. | to investigate the relationships among trichinella spiralis isolates obtained from different hosts and geographical regions in china. | 1996 | 9275332 |
| albendazole versus ricobendazole (albendazole-sulphoxide) against enteral and parenteral stages of trichinella spiralis in mice. | comparison of the anthelmintic activity and pharmacokinetic profiles following albendazole (abz) and albendazole-sulphoxide (ricobendazole = rbz) administration was made in a mouse model for helminthic infections. swiss cd-1 mice were experimentally infected with trichinella spiralis and treated with either abz or rbz at 3 different stages of the parasite life-cycle: pre-adult (day 1 p.i.), migrating larvae (days 13, 14 and 15 p.i.) and encysted muscle larvae (days 34, 35 and 36 p.i.). plasma co ... | 1997 | 9279580 |
| immunological interactions between trichinella spiralis and heligmosomoides polygyrus: cross reactivity between muscle larvae and antibodies raised to unrelated antigens. | it is documented that concurrent infections in mice with the 2 unrelated nematode parasites, heligmosomoides polygyrus and trichinella spiralis, can result in delayed rejection of the latter species. the basis of this immunological interference is not completely understood, but a possibility exists that antibodies induced by 1 species may interact with antigens produced by the other parasite. therefore, it was investigated whether h. polygyrus infections may induce the production of antibodies w ... | 1997 | 9279592 |
| [delayed diagnosis of trichinelliasis focused in the poznan province]. | the study compares chronologically the weeks in which trichinella spiralis infected meat was consumed. the first symptoms appeared and clinical diagnosis of trichinellosis was made in 37 patients. several factors were responsible for the delay in final diagnosis of trichinellosis: widely distributed infected meat, contemporary common respiratory viral infections in population with fever and myalgia, diagnostic difficulties in the first index case. | 1997 | 9289928 |
| validation of the specificity of the modified agglutination test for toxoplasmosis in pigs. | serum samples from toxoplasma gondii-negative pigs infected with protozoa, helminths and viruses, and from fetal pigs were examined for cross reacting antibodies to t. gondii by the use of the modified agglutination test (mat). nonspecific reactions with t. gondii antigen were not found in 1:10 dilutions of sera from eight pigs experimentally infected with sarcocystis miescheriana, 11 pigs infected with ascaris suum, three pigs infected with trichuris suis, ten pigs infected with trichinella spi ... | 1997 | 9299699 |
| apoptosis and in vivo distribution and clearance of eosinophils in normal and trichinella spiralis-infected rats. | we examined apoptosis of eosinophils obtained from normal rats and rats infected with trichinella spiralis (t. spiralis). a considerable percentage of normal rats underwent apoptosis within a few hours, however, the apoptosis rate of infected rats was significantly lower. this rate began decreasing only 12 h after infection, reached its lowest level on day 3, and was restored to normal by day 40. we also studied the effects on eosinophil apoptosis of culture supernatants from concanavalin a-stim ... | 1997 | 9307069 |
| persistent intestinal neuromuscular dysfunction after acute nematode infection in mice. | although most acute enteric infections in humans resolve, some herald the onset of chronic symptomatology and persistent gastrointestinal dysfunction--so-called postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome. this entity is poorly understood, and there are no animal models for testing hypotheses. the aim of this study was to investigate changes in intestinal neuromuscular function during and after recovery from acute intestinal inflammation due to primary trichinella spiralis infections in nih swiss mi ... | 1997 | 9322517 |
| status of trichinella spiralis in domestic swine and wild boar in canada. | evidence of the status of trichinellosis in canada's national swine herd is provided from data acquired through national surveillance programs and from a prevalence study of trichinella in wild boar and domestic swine. more than 500,000 swine tested at abattoirs in ongoing animal health surveys since 1980 and 2 national swine serological surveys (1985 and 1990) showed no evidence of trichinella infection, except for 3 occurrences in a small infected zone in nova scotia. the prevalence study of d ... | 1997 | 9342448 |
| electron microscopic observations on the normal development of trichinella spiralis from muscle larvae to adult worms in balb/c mice with emphasis on the body wall, genital organs and gastrointestinal organs. | ultrastructural changes during the development of trichinella spiralis from muscle larvae to adult worms are described with emphasis on the body wall, genital organs and gastrointestinal organs. the cuticle of the body wall and hindgut underwent the first molting at 14 h post-infection (pi). the esophagus cuticle never molted. the hypodermal gland was formed in the lateral cords by 30 h pi. the genital primordium developed to either male or female genitals, accomplishing their sexual maturity an ... | 1997 | 9345776 |
| parasites elicited cross-reacting antibodies to opisthorchis viverrini. | two batches of crude antigens extracted from adult opisthorchis viverrini worms were compared. one was derived from adult worms harvested from the livers of laboratory infected hamsters and another was obtained from worms sedimented from the faeces of opisthorchiasis patients following treatment with praziquantel. sds-page and coomassie brilliant blue staining revealed that the two preparations had similar protein components of which the predominant ones were the 17-18 kda doublet. the antigens ... | 1997 | 9346276 |
| ethanol consumption suppresses cell-mediated inflammatory responses and increases t-helper type 2 cytokine secretion in trichinella spiralis-infected rats. | alcohol consumption has been shown to be associated with immune suppression and immune modulation. in this study, the effects of ethanol ingestion on the host immune responses to trichinella spiralis infection and the subsequent secretion of t-helper cell-associated cytokines were investigated in rats. at the early phase of t. spiralis infection, ethanol-fed animals showed decreased numbers of blood neutrophils and eosinophils, and a decreased secretion of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) by mesente ... | 1997 | 9347076 |
| invasion of intestinal epithelia in vitro by the parasitic nematode trichinella spiralis. | studies of nematode establishment in intestinal niches has been hindered by the lack of a readily manipulated in vitro assay. in this report, experiments are described wherein the larval stage of the parasitic nematode trichinella spiralis was shown to invade epithelial cell monolayers in vitro. larvae penetrated cells and migrated through them, leaving trails of dead cells in their wake. cells derived from five different species were susceptible to invasion, reflecting the broad host range of t ... | 1997 | 9353069 |
| ca2+ channel blockade by verapamil inhibits gmcs and diarrhea during small intestinal inflammation. | the aim of this study was to investigate whether the blockade of l-type ca2+ channels with verapamil suppresses giant migrating contractions (gmcs) and therefore diarrhea during small intestinal inflammation. small intestinal inflammation was induced by infection with the nematode trichinella spiralis. t. spiralis infection alone significantly increased the frequency of gmcs and decreased the frequency of phase iii activity in the small intestine for 9 days. the increased frequency of gmcs was a ... | 1997 | 9357819 |
| hexosaminidase in trichinella spiralis is a single protein with alpha- and beta-subunits catalytic activities. | beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase is expressed as a single protein in trichinella spiralis and has catalytic properties similar to the alpha- and beta-subunits of human and mouse isoenzymes a and b. it can hydrolyze the artificial substrates, 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-glucosamine and 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-glucosamine-6-sulphate which are respectively hydrolyzed by the beta- and alpha-subunits. the enzyme is thermostable, has a basic isoelectric point, and thus is similar to the b isoenzyme. no ... | 1997 | 9359630 |
| mouse mast cell protease 9, a novel member of the chromosome 14 family of serine proteases that is selectively expressed in uterine mast cells. | mouse mast cell protease (mmcp) 1, mmcp-2, mmcp-4, and mmcp-5 are members of a family of related serine proteases whose genes reside within an approximately 850 kilobase (kb) complex on chromosome 14 that does not readily undergo crossover events. while mapping the mmcp-1 gene, we isolated a novel gene that encodes a homologous serine protease designated mmcp-9. the mmcp-9 and mmcp-1 genes are only approximately 7 kb apart on the chromosome and are oriented back to back. the proximity of the mmc ... | 1997 | 9360993 |
| identification of a surrogate tsl-1 antigen of trichinella spiralis from a phage library of random peptides. | we sought to find a peptide analogue of an important antigen (tsl-1) of trichinella spiralis which is recognized by the 7c2c5 antibody. a phage library which displays a short (15-mer) randomly-generated peptide at the filament of the minor coat protein of the virion was used for selection by the 7c2c5 antibody. a peptide thus identified, icdasglgcwcwslsp, was found to be a true surrogate since its binding to the antibody could be blocked by the native antigen and, conversely, an antiserum made t ... | 1997 | 9364558 |
| interleukin-9 is involved in host protective immunity to intestinal nematode infection. | murine studies have demonstrated that, as with other nematodes, infection with the intestinal nematode trichinella spiralis is associated with a pronounced intestinal mastocytosis, eosinophilia and an elevation in serum levels of total ige. both interleukin (il)-4 and il-5 are clearly important in the generation of ige responses and eosinophilia, respectively, but the control of mucosal mastocytosis in vivo is not as well defined. mucosal mast cells appear to be particularly important with regar ... | 1997 | 9368607 |
| progression of visceral leishmaniasis due to leishmania infantum in balb/c mice is markedly slowed by prior infection with trichinella spiralis. | we investigated in balb/c mice the influence of the immunological environment created by the nematode trichinella spiralis on the course of visceral leishmaniasis due to leishmania infantum. on the day of leishmania inoculation (day 0), mice, t. spiralis infected 7 days earlier, presented increased gamma interferon (ifn-gamma), interleukin-4 (il-4), and il-5 mrna levels locally and systemically and increased the potential of spleen cells to synthesize ifn-gamma and il-4 after activation in vitro ... | 1997 | 9393785 |
| electron microscopic observations of the stichosome during the normal development of trichinella spiralis from muscle larvae to adult worms in balb/c mice. | the exocrine granules of the stichosome of trichinella spiralis contain excretory and secretory (es) products that may alter host cell physiology in such a way that t.spiralis can establish parasitism in the host [1,2]. the stichosome is the most intriguing but still mysterious exocrine organ. this paper describes ultrastructural changes of the stichosome during the normal development from muscle larvae to adult worms. stichocyte granules of the muscle larva stage were excreted by 14 h post-infe ... | 1997 | 9394457 |
| improvement of albendazole efficacy against enteral, but not against parenteral stages of trichinella spiralis by preparing solid dispersions in polyvinylpyrrolidone. | a comparison was made, in the trichinella/mouse model, of the anthelmintic effects of albendazole (abz) and ricobendazole (rbz) formulated as solid dispersions in polyvinylpyrrolidone with regard to abz formulated as a suspension in carboxymethylcellulose. a solid dispersion significantly increased (p < 0.01) the efficacy of the drugs against intestinal preadult but not against migrating and muscle stages of the parasite. the anthelmintic efficacy of rbz given as a solid dispersion was equivalen ... | 1997 | 9395857 |
| diagnosis of trichinellosis in swine by enzyme immunoassay, using a synthetic glycan antigen. | to assess performance of a synthetic carbohydrate antigen for use in an enzyme immunoassay for diagnosis of trichinellosis in swine. animals and sample population: 47 york x duroc pigs and field sera from 265 farm pigs raised under various management systems. | 1997 | 9401691 |
| marked eosinophilia in interleukin-5 transgenic mice fails to prevent trichinella spiralis infection. | in order to study the role of eosinophils in the host defense against trichinella spiralis infection, worm recovery after infection with t. spiralis was compared between interleukin-5 transgenic (il-5 tg) mice with a constant high level of peripheral eosinophils and nontransgenic c3h/hen mice. no significant difference in the recovery of muscle larvae or adult worms in the small intestine, fecundity of female adult worms, or infectivity of newborn larvae was observed between nonimmunized c3h/hen ... | 1997 | 9406802 |
| [the influence of ricin on the course of experimental infections of mice with trichinella spiralis]. | mice received 5 ng of ricin 24 hours after infection (experiment i) or 1 ng of ricin twice, 24 hours and 17 days of infection (experiment ii). animals were killed in 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 60 days after infection. in the jejunum and masseter muscle sections, cd4+ and cd8+ lymphocytes, mast cells and eosinophils were studied. heavy suppression of cd8+ lymphocytes, strong eosinophils and less pronounced mast cells stimulation was observed in the jejunum of mice received ricin (experiment i). wo ... | 1997 | 9424939 |
| an outbreak of trichinella spiralis infection in southern lebanon. | an outbreak of trichinosis occurred during january 1995 in a south lebanese village with a population of 800-1000 persons. the estimated number of persons treated for a trichinella-like illness was 200. sixty-three persons sought medical attention at a local infirmary: 44 of them were diagnosed as having trichinosis or suspected trichinosis according to their clinical symptoms, signs and laboratory tests. an environmental investigation indicated that the source of infection was pork obtained fro ... | 1997 | 9440440 |
| immunotoxicology: extrapolation from animal to man--estimation of the immunotoxicologic risk associated with tbto exposure. | bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (tbto) has been shown to be immunotoxic in rodents, resulting in decreased resistance to infections. the no-effect level assessed by estimating effects on host resistance in rats has been found to lie between 0.5 and 5.0 mg tbto/kg food (0.025 and 0.25 mg/kg body weight). for risk assessment such animal data need to be extrapolated to the human situation. in risk assessment procedures uncertainty factors are used to account for interspecies variation (extrapolation from ... | 1998 | 9442301 |
| evaluation of an enzymatic immunohistochemical technique in human trichinellosis. | a comparative study was undertaken between an enzymatic immunohistochemical technique (eit) developed for the diagnosis of human trichinellosis and the indirect immunofluorescence test (iif), analysing sera from outbreaks of human trichinellosis in argentina. the eit was developed using a biotinylated anti-human gammaglobulin and a preformed macromolecular complex of avidin and biotinylated peroxidase. in both tests, the antigen used consisted of infected rat tissue sections containing muscle la ... | 1997 | 9443948 |
| [the search for new antiparasitic agents. 18. the synthesis and antitrichinelliasis activity of 1-[(2-acylamino)phenyl]-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines]. | new 1-[(2-acylamino)phenyl]-3, 4-dihydroisoquinolines were synthesized and tested for their acute toxicity and antitrichinosis activity. the above compounds were found to show their low toxicity and two compounds (g-1615 and g-1616) displayed a high antitrichinosis effect. | 1997 | 9445985 |
| [a fatal case of trichinelliasis with intensive invasion and acute massive hemorrhage from a stomach ulcer]. | the paper deals with a fatal case of trichinosis in a 61-year-old male due to acute massive gastric hemorrhage from the old silent gastric ulcer developed at week 8 after the onset of infection (or at week 3 after the appearance of the first clinical signs). at autopsy, the method of ingestion of cross-striated muscular samples revealed high trichinella spiralis infection rates: from 135 larvae per g of muscles of the tongue to 512 larvae in the diaphragm. infection had occurred due to long-term ... | 1997 | 9445986 |
| detection of trichinella spiralis in a horse during routine examination in italy. | routine examination for trichinella infection by artificial digestion of 5-g samples of muscle tissue revealed the presence of muscle larvae in one out of 28 horses imported from romania to an abattoir in italy. the parasite, identified as trichinella spiralis by the polymerase chain reaction, showed a reproductive capacity index of 68 in swiss mice. light microscope examination of 200 nurse cell-larva complexes showed that 22% of them were calcified and that the capsules of the non-calcified nu ... | 1997 | 9467749 |
| trichinella spiralis in sylvatic hosts from prince edward island. | larvae of trichinella sp. were found in two of 208 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and one of 125 coyotes (canis latrans) obtained from trappers from prince edward island (canada) in 1995 and 1996. a polymerase chain reaction based dna biotyping method revealed the larvae to be isolates of trichinella spiralis. this is the first verified identification of t. spiralis in sylvatic hosts from canada. | 1998 | 9476239 |
| differences and similarities between trichinella spiralis and t. pseudospiralis in morphology of stichocyte granules, peptide maps of excretory and secretory (e-s) products and messenger rna of stichosomal glycoproteins. | the ultrastructure of muscle larvae of trichinella pseudospiralis was studied by electron microscopy. the overall structure of muscle larvae of t. pseudospiralis resembled that of t. spiralis except for the stichocyte granules. t. pseudospiralis had at least 3 kinds of stichocyte granules distinguishable from each other by their shape, size and inclusions. the granules had some resemblance to alpha granules or beta granules of t. spiralis, but no resemblance to gamma granules. in favour of these ... | 1998 | 9481775 |
| distribution of sylvatic species of trichinella in estonia according to climate zones. | a survey on trichinellosis among sylvatic and domestic animals from estonia revealed the presence of trichinella nativa (tn), trichinella britovi (tb), and trichinella spiralis (ts). muscle samples were collected from 776 sylvatic and 1,086 domestic animals. muscle larvae from 52 of the 74 positive samples were identified, using random-amplified polymorphic dna analysis; 19 samples showed tn, 27 samples tb, and 4 samples ts. a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) and a red fox (vulpes vulpes) ... | 1998 | 9488368 |
| characterization of eleven antigenic groups in trichinella genus and identification of stage and species markers. | several monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were raised against the l1 muscle stage (l1m) of trichinella spiralis (ts) and trichinella pseudospiralis (tp). western blot analysis of various antigenic preparations established that mabs described by different authors recognized 8 antigenic fractions (tsl1-tsl8) in crude extracts of infective larvae. the tsl1 fraction was immunodominant and present on the cuticle of different parasite stages. mabs against trichinella t5 (t5) and ts were selected in order t ... | 1997 | 9488876 |
| distribution of trichinella spiralis larvae in muscles from a naturally infected horse. | epidemiological investigations conducted during 10 trichinellosis outbreaks between 1975 and 1994 showed that horse-meat was the probable source of infection. though hundreds of thousands of horses have been examined at abattoirs in america and europe to detect trichinella infection by artificial digestion or trichinelloscopy, an infected horse has never been detected during routine analysis, which consists of examining 1 g of tissue muscle from the diaphragm. in november 1996, a naturally infec ... | 1998 | 9493307 |
| identification of serine/threonine protein kinases secreted by trichinella spiralis infective larvae. | serine/threonine protein kinase activity was identified in excretory/secretory (es) products of trichinella spiralis infective larvae, via phosphorylation of exogenous and endogenous substrates. protein kinase activity was identified as an authentic secretory product via blockade of release into culture medium by brefeldin a. enzyme activity was reductant-dependent, and the relative resistance to a panel of inhibitors suggested that it could not be readily assigned to any of the major documented ... | 1997 | 9497036 |
| [current trends of the epidemiology of human trichinosis in chile]. | surveillance of the epidemiology of human trichinosis in chile has been maintained during the last 30 years by the department of parasitology. incidence and prevalence have been followed-up by analysing ministry of health annual reports and periodical phototrichinoscopic examination of diaphragm samples from individuals autopsied at the santiago medico legal service. a decrease has been observed on: incidence from 1.4 per 100,000 in the 1960s to 0.7 in the 1980s down to 0.3 in 1993 and 1994 and ... | 1997 | 9497536 |
| parasites associated with pork and pork products. | three parasites pose a public health risk from the ingestion of raw or undercooked pork, namely: trichinella spiralis, taenia solium and toxoplasma gondii. inspection procedures, when practised according to prescribed methods, are effective in eliminating the majority of risks from t. spiralis and t. solium. no suitable methods for the post-slaughter detection of t. gondii are available. all three parasites are inactivated by various methods of cooking, freezing and curing; some information is a ... | 1997 | 9501363 |
| prevalence and risk factors associated with serum antibodies against trichinella spiralis. | the presence of antibodies against trichinella spiralis was investigated in a semi-rural county of mexico using elisa and electroimmunotransfer blot assay with crude larvae and es antigens. the association of antibodies to several social, hygienic and dietary factors was also investigated. antibody prevalences between 1.0 and 1.9% were found. risk factors associated were gender female and ingestion of moronga, a pork meat sausage-like product. our results suggest the presence of an endemic, unno ... | 1998 | 9512995 |
| comparison of the inflammatory responses of mice infected with american and australian trichinella pseudospiralis or trichinella spiralis. | this study was designed to determine if the tasmanian devil isolate of trichinella pseudospiralis suppressed inflammation as does the original isolate. while adult worm numbers were similar in all groups, lower enteritis occurred in devil isolate-infected mice compared with mice infected with the original isolate of t. pseudospiralis or with trichinella spiralis. diaphragm muscle inflammation was greater in t. spiralis-infected than in mice infected with either isolate of t. pseudospiralis or co ... | 1998 | 9512999 |
| immunopathological mechanisms underlying the time-course of trichinella spiralis cardiomyopathy in rats. | the present study shows that isolated, perfused hearts from rats orally infected with trichinella spiralis have a reduced left ventricular developed pressure (lvdp), heart rate (hr) and coronary flow (cf). this reduction is considerably enhanced by a single bolus (100 pm) of paf (platelet activating factor, an eosinophil activator), especially at 21 days post-infection (d.p.i.), which is the time of the maximum increase in blood and tissue eosinophilia. helminthic dna analysis shows that, from 2 ... | 1998 | 9532006 |
| induction of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (mcp-1) and tnf alpha by trichinella spiralis in serum of mice in vivo. | mcp-1 is a small (8-10 kda) protein and a prototype member of the cc chemokine beta subfamily, which plays a critical role in acute and chronic inflammation. recent evidence suggests an important role for mcp- 1, mcp-2 and mcp-3 in a number of pathological states, including delayed type hypersensitivity conditions, parasitic infections and rheumatoid arthritis. forty balb-c mice were treated with the parasite trichinella spiralis. after the infection the animals were sacrificed at different peri ... | 1998 | 9543342 |
| macrophages during infection with trichinella spiralis in mice. | behaviour of macrophages in experimental mice trichinellosis was investigated using the immunoenzymatic technique with monoclonal antibodies cd11b/cd18 within the framework of avidin-biotin-dab. the maximum and earliest mobilization of macrophages 7 day post infection (dpi) was observed in the lamina propria of the intestinal mucosa. the highest level of macrophages in the muscles tissue was noted on day 21 of infection, however as early as in 28 dpi, their maximum level was observed inside the ... | 1997 | 9557592 |
| epidemiological and epizootiological problems of trichinellosis in poland. | | 1997 | 9557597 |
| comparison between two methods for diagnosis of trichinellosis: trichinoscopy and artificial digestion. | two direct methods for the diagnosis of trichinellosis were compared: trichinoscopy and artificial digestion. muscles from 17 wistar rats, orally infected with 500 trichinella spiralis encysted larvae were examined. from each of the following muscles: diaphragm, tongue, masseters, intercostals, triceps brachialis and cuadriceps femoralis, 648,440 larvae from 1 g samples were recovered. the linear correlation between trichinoscopy and artificial digestion was very high and significant (r = 0.94, ... | 1997 | 9566223 |
| trichinella spiralis, t. britovi, and t. nativa: infectivity, larval distribution in muscle, and antibody response after experimental infection of pigs. | the infectivity of trichinella spiralis, t. nativa, and t. britovi was experimentally compared in pigs. blood sampling was performed weekly, and muscle juices were obtained at slaughter 10 weeks after inoculation. muscle larvae were found in all of four pigs inoculated with t. spiralis [mean 190 larvae per gram (lpg)] and in three of four pigs inoculated with t. britovi (mean 7 lpg). no larvae were found in pigs inoculated with t. nativa. for t. spiralis and t. britovi, the neck muscle (m. splen ... | 1998 | 9569089 |
| participation of parasite surface glycoproteins in antibody-mediated protection of epithelial cells against trichinella spiralis. | the l1 stage of the parasitic nematode trichinella spiralis displays on its surface glycoproteins that are immunologically cross-reactive with several larval excretory-secretory (es) products. the basis for the cross-reactivity is tyvelose, the terminal residue on the complex glycans shared by these surface and es glycoproteins. in neonatal rats, tyvelose-specific monoclonal antibodies mediate the expulsion of larvae from the intestine. the aim of the studies described in this report was to dete ... | 1998 | 9573073 |
| production of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators in human intestinal epithelial cells after invasion by trichinella spiralis. | epithelial cells are the first point of host contact for invasive intestinal pathogens and may initiate mucosal inflammatory responses via production of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators. the aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro the initial invasion of a parasitic nematode (trichinella spiralis), to measure the early production of specific epithelial cytokines and inflammatory mediators after invasion, and to compare these responses with those to invasive bacteria. monolaye ... | 1998 | 9573108 |
| identification of a developmentally regulated trichinella spiralis protein that inhibits myod-specific protein: dna complexes in vitro. | development of the infective l1 larva of trichinella spiralis occurs as an intracellular parasite of skeletal muscle and leads to the dedifferentiation of the host cell. a novel trichinella gene, tsj5, has been identified from a cdna library screen for sequences encoding trichinella proteins related to the myogenic bhlh factors. the tsj5 gene is developmentally regulated, showing preferential expression in the infective muscle stage larva. the product of the tsj5 gene is not a bhlh protein but r ... | 1998 | 9574919 |
| concurrent trichinosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma in a cat. | | 1998 | 9576356 |
| trichinella spiralis: vascular endothelial growth factor is up-regulated within the nurse cell during the early phase of its formation. | the l1 larval stage of trichinella spiralis induces modification in a portion of striated skeletal muscle cell resulting in the formation of the nurse cell. this specialized host cell is completely encased in a capsule composed mainly of collagen type iv and type vi, which, in turn, is surrounded by a unique rete of vessels whose formation begins on around day 12 after intracellular infection. we investigated the possibility that vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) may be up-regulated duri ... | 1998 | 9576489 |
| trichinellosis (trichinosis) is caused by the aphasmid nematode, trichinella spiralis. | | 1998 | 9578092 |
| diagnosis of porcine trichinellosis: parasitological and immunoserological tests in pigs from endemic areas of argentina. | in order to compare the reliability of serological and parasitological techniques for the diagnosis of porcine trichinellosis from endemic areas in argentina, 116 pigs were studied: 61 animals from two separate outbreaks and 55 from a small abattoir. direct diagnostic techniques included trichinoscopy and the artificial digestion method. indirect diagnostic tests used in this study were the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), employing the excretory-secretory products of muscle larvae (ml ... | 1998 | 9580432 |
| pcr-sscp of rdna for the identification of trichinella isolates from mainland china. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based single strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis of the expansion segment 5 (domain iv) of the large subunit of ribosomal dna was employed to characterize seven isolates of trichinella from china (a-g), including six of pig origin from regions in dengxian (a), tianjin (b), harbin (d), baoshan (e), xinye (f) and xian (g), and one of canine origin from changchun (c). isolates a, d, e, f and g were classified as trichinella spiralis based on sscp patte ... | 1998 | 9584075 |
| reversible expression of tryptases and chymases in the jejunal mast cells of mice infected with trichinella spiralis. | it is has been established that mouse mast cells (mcs) can reversibly alter their expression of serglycin proteoglycans and the homologous granule chymases that have been designated mouse mc protease (mmcp)-1, mmcp-2, and mmcp-5 in vivo. nevertheless, it remained to be determined whether these immune cells could modify their expression of other chymases and the granule tryptases mmcp-6 and mmcp-7. as assessed immunohistochemically, we now show that mcs reversibly change their expression of the r ... | 1998 | 9605158 |
| [the effect of an invasion by trichinella spiralis and trichinella pseudospiralis on the ultrastructure of skeletal muscle tissue in the white mouse]. | the ultrastructure of striated muscular tissue was studied in experiments with three groups of white mice: those infected with t. spiralis, t. pseudospiralis, and in those uninfected (controls). there was a heterogeneity of changes in the striated muscular tissue during 35-day infection. deep damages to the contractile, trophic, energetic, supporting, and membranous apparatuses of muscle fibers are responsible for subcellular structural changes. at the same time compensatory and adaptative proce ... | 1998 | 9608200 |
| trichinella spiralis: induction of the basophilic transformation of muscle cells by synchronous newborn larvae. | newborn larvae (nbl) possess the "transformation potential" (tp) to induce the basophilic transformation of the muscle cell into the nurse cell and to create the nurse cell-muscle larva complex. for investigation as to whether tp is age-dependent, three groups of synchronous nbl (snbl) were obtained at 1 h, 9 h, and 6 days of age, respectively, and were injected intramuscularly into mice. the tp was demonstrated to be high for both 1- and 9-h-old snbl, but for 6-day-old snbl, none was found. the ... | 1998 | 9610639 |
| antistriational antibodies during toxocara canis, trichinella spiralis infections. | the parasitic infections (toxocara can is, trichinella spiralis) are characterized by general and local symptoms including fever, muscle pain and swelling. the question was asked whether the muscle changes that occur due to larva migrans give rise to the autoimmune response. the presence of antistriational antibodies (astrabs) was determined in the following groups of patients: group 1--66 patients with toxocariasis and the presence of anti-toxocara antibodies, group 2--22 patients suspected of ... | 1998 | 9611680 |
| [genetic variability of trichinella spiralis oven, 1835, and trichinella pseudospiralis garkavi, 1972, detected by polymerase chain reaction with random primers]. | dna polymorphisms in two parasitic nematode species, trichinella spiralis oven, 1835, and trichinella pseudospiralis garkavi, 1972, were revealed via random amplification of polymorphic dna by the polymerase chain reaction (rapd pcr). the diagnostic value of seven 10-bp oligonucleotide primers was evaluated, and the extent of the homology between the genomes of the two species was estimated. the intraspecific variation of rapd markers was revealed in larvae of both species isolated from experime ... | 1998 | 9612694 |
| early cytokine responses during intestinal parasitic infections. | infections with gastro-intestinal nematodes elicit immune and inflammatory responses mediated by cytokines released from t-helper type-2 (th2) cells. in vitro assays of cells from the mesenteric lymph nodes (mln) of experimentally infected rodents confirm that, after about 1 week, the dominant cytokine responses to mitogens and antigens are those associated with this th-cell subset. polarization of the th response in this way implies an initial local cytokine environment that favours th2 develop ... | 1998 | 9616376 |
| [modulation of inflammatory cells in helminth infections]. | in this review, different mechanisms by which helminthic parasites modulate the activities of inflammatory cells are considered. examples are presented of parasitic products interfering with lymphocytes and their products such as antibodies, then modifying both regulation and effector response of the immune system. furthermore, examples of interference on the complement system are illustrated. parasites such as ancylostoma caninum produce factors such as the neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) ca ... | 1997 | 9616965 |
| functional correlation between histamine metabolism and worm expulsion in trichinella spiralis. | mucosal mast cell activity was quantified by measuring histamine forming capacity (hfc) of the gastric mucosa and histamine content in the intestinal tissues of mice infected with t. spiralis. the results wee correlated with the kinetics of worm expulsion. it was found that t. spiralis resulted in significant elevation of hfc by the day 6 post infection (p.i.) which reached a maximal value at day 9, a time when approximately 50% of the established worm burden had been expelled. histamine content ... | 1998 | 9617061 |
| characterization of kinetics of anti-trichinella spiralis newborn larvae immunity in rats. | the kinetics of anti-t. spiralis newborn larvae (nbl) immunity and its dose effects were studied in vivo. rats were either immunized with newborn larvae i.v. or muscle larvae per os and challenged with newborn larvae either i.v. or i.p. on day 7 up to day 27 after immunization. immunity was assessed by examining the muscle larvae burden or the larval recovery from the peritoneal cavity. recovered newborn larvae were further examined for cell adherence and viability. results indicate that as earl ... | 1998 | 9618375 |
| methimazole-mediated enhancement of albendazole oral bioavailability and anthelmintic effects against parenteral stages of trichinella spiralis in mice: the influence of the dose-regime. | the influence of methimazole (mtz) inhibitor of the microsomal oxidases on the systemic availability of the albendazole sulpho-metabolites (abzs-mt) albendazole-sulphoxide (abzso) and albendazole-sulphone (abzso2) and on its anthelmintic effects was investigated in a mouse model for helminthic infections. plasma concentrations of the abzs-mt were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) following treatment of swiss cd-1 mice with albendazole (abz) alone or abz plus mtz, at both ... | 1998 | 9637222 |
| modulation of neutrophil apoptosis by psychological stress and glucocorticoid. | neutrophils play a pivotal role in host defense against bacterial infection, however, these cells may have a harmful effect on normal tissues under certain pathological conditions. we demonstrate here that apoptosis of these cells is modulated by psychophysical stress and its related hormones, suggesting that psychoneural systems may exert an effect on host defense through modulating neutrophil survival. | 1997 | 9637347 |
| the effect of nematode infection upon intestinal smooth muscle function. | nematode infections are useful in studying both host defence and inflammation induced changes in intestinal physiology, including increased contraction by intestinal muscle. our initial studies of the heightened muscle function found during t. spiralis infection led to investigations of the role of immune and inflammatory cells and mediators in the immunodulation of intestinal muscle function. by infecting various immunodeficient mouse strains, as well as gene transfer to the intestine, t lympho ... | 1998 | 9651926 |
| a brief update on the diagnosis of trichinellosis. | the latest immunological and molecular methods for the diagnosis of swine and human trichinellosis are briefly reviewed. the following topics are discussed in more detail: isolation of specific antigens by continuous elution-isoelectric focusing methods, production of recombinant antigens, nature of immunodominant antigens, potential use of heat shock proteins (hsps) as diagnostic antigens, roles of specific ige and circulating antigens (ca). the immunodominant antigens were found to be highly h ... | 1997 | 9656357 |
| production specific antigens from trichinella spiralis using a continuous elution method and isoelectric focusing. | immunodominant antigens of 45-53 kda (one band per fraction) were obtained from excretory/secretory (e/s) and somatic products of infective-larvae of trichinella spiralis using a continuous-elution method. they were further resolved by isoelectric focusing into different isoforms (45 kda: pi4.47, 5.09, 5.47 and 5.86; 47 kda: pi4.72 and 4.97; 53 kda: pi4.86, 5.11, 5.44 and 5.78). in immunoblotting, the isoforms of pi 5.09, 5.86, 4.97, 5.44 and 5.78 did not cross-react with antisera against trichu ... | 1997 | 9656358 |
| nuclear antigens in trichinella spiralis infected muscle cells: nuclear extraction, compartmentalization and complex formation. | infection of mammalian skeletal muscle cells by trichinella spiralis induces a series of changes that include: reentry of the terminally differentiated host cell into the cell cycle; suspension of infected cells in apparent g2/m; and transcriptional inactivation of the differentiated skeletal muscle gene program. cell cycle repositioning and genetic reprogramming are chronic characteristics of host cells that can remain infected for years. nuclear antigens (na, 79, 86 and 97 kda) that localize t ... | 1998 | 9657326 |
| fowlpox virus encodes nonessential homologs of cellular alpha-snap, pc-1, and an orphan human homolog of a secreted nematode protein. | the genome of fowlpox virus (fwpv), type species of the avipoxviridae, is considerably rearranged compared with that of vaccinia virus (the prototypic poxvirus and type species of the orthopoxviridae) and is 30% larger. it is likely that the genome of fwpv contains genes in addition to those found in vaccinia virus, probably involved with its replication and survival in the chicken. a 7,470-bp segment of the fwpv genome has five open reading frames (orfs), two of which encode ankyrin repeat prot ... | 1998 | 9658122 |
| interleukin-9 enhances resistance to the intestinal nematode trichuris muris. | upon infection with the cecum-dwelling nematode trichuris muris, the majority of inbred strains of mice launch a th2-type immune response and in doing so expel the parasite before patency. in contrast, there are a few mouse strains which develop a nonprotective th1-type response resulting in a chronic infection and the presence of adult worms. of the th2 cytokines known to be associated with the resistant phenotype (interleukin-4 [il-4], il-5, il-9, and il-13), comparatively little is known abou ... | 1998 | 9673269 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and trichinella spiralis in finishing swine raised in different production systems in north carolina, usa. | we compared the seroprevalence of both toxoplasma gondii and trichinella spiralis in finishing pigs raised in different production systems in north carolina, usa. farms were either finishing sites using all-in/all-out management of buildings in multiple-site systems (14 farms) or farrow-to-finish systems using continuous-flow management of finishing barns or outdoor accommodation 14 farms). the two groups of herds differed with respect to several management variables. a total of 13 of 2238 sampl ... | 1998 | 9677628 |
| gamma delta tcr+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (i-iel) in reaction against intestinal nematode trichinella spiralis. | to assess the gamma delta tcr t cells in the control of the timing of the mucosal response to enteric parasitic infections, we used c57bl mice, orally infected with 200 viable t. spiralis larvae. the small intestine, spleens and peyer's patches (pp) were excised on 1, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 29 postinfection days (p.i.) for immunophenotyping and histological studies. uninfected mice served as control. characterization of isolated lymphocytes of c57bl control mice, confirmed that t cell immunophenotype ... | 1998 | 9681243 |
| immune responses of il-5 transgenic mice to parasites and aeroallergens. | eosinophils have long been thought to be effectors of immunity to helminths but have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. patterns of cytokine production in the host may influence the pathogenesis of these diseases by regulating the activities of eosinophils and other components of the immune response. mice which constitutively over-express il-5 have profound and life-long eosinophilia in a restricted number of tissues. although eosinophils from il-5 transgenics are functionally c ... | 1997 | 9698915 |
| nitric oxide mediates the microbicidal activity of eosinophils. | there are several experimental evidences that nitric oxide (no) is involved in the microbicidal activity of macrophages against a number of intracellular pathogens including leishmania major, trypanozoma cruzi, toxoplasma gondii. it is also well known that eosinophils (eo) have microbicidal activity against many parasites such as schistosoma mansoni, trichinella spiralis, t. cruzi and l. amazonensis. the purpose of this study was to investigate if no is involved in the microbicidal activity of e ... | 1997 | 9698941 |
| sensitivity of artificial digestion and enzyme immunoassay methods of inspection for trichinae in pigs. | forty-seven pigs were infected with varying doses of trichinella spiralis and tested for evidence of infection by serology, using an enzyme immunoassay (eia), and by artificial digestion methods. using a 1-g sample, as prescribed in accordance with european union (eu) directives, the sensitivity of the pooled-sample artificial digestion method was between three and five larvae per gram (lpg) of tissue. using a 5-g sample size, in accordance with methods described in the u.s. code for federal reg ... | 1998 | 9708307 |
| carrier-dependent suppression of the anti-phosphorylcholine plaque-forming cell response in trichinella-infected mice is mediated by anti-hapten igg1 antibodies. | in normal mice, the phosphorylcholine(pc)-bearing trichinella spiralis antigen fcp induces pc-specific igm antibodies. infection with t. spiralis appears to suppress this response, without affecting the production of anti-pc antibodies in response to other pc-bearing antigens; the suppression can thus be considered carrier-dependent. previous work in our laboratory has indicated that the observed suppression is due to a soluble factor present in the serum of infected mice. in the work reported h ... | 1998 | 9709035 |
| effects of hydrodynamic pressure on the viability of trichinella spiralis in pork. | treatment by hydrodynamic pressure is an attractive alternative for meat tenderization and might also have an effect on foodborne pathogens. numbers of trichinella spiralis recovered from infected pork were significantly reduced by treatment with the hydrodyne process, as compared with untreated, infected pork. however, treatment with the hydrodynamic force described in this paper (55 to 60 mpa) did not eliminate the infectivity of this parasite when the larvae from hydrodyne-treated meat were i ... | 1998 | 9709242 |
| acetylcholine metabolism in the inflamed rat intestine. | acetylcholine (ach) is a major neurotransmitter in the enteric nervous system. since increasing evidence suggests that inflammation alters neural regulation of intestinal function, we examined the synthesis and breakdown of ach in smooth muscle/myenteric plexus (sm/mp) preparations from the jejunum of the rat during inflammation caused by infection with the nematode parasite trichinella spiralis. both total and neuron-specific uptake of the ach precursor [3h]choline into sm/mp preparations was i ... | 1998 | 9710525 |