| neem unsheaths contraceptive potential. | | 1995 | 7675093 |
| aid groups back challenge to neem patents. | | 1995 | 7675092 |
| responses of beaver (castor canadensis kuhl) to predator chemicals. | free-ranging beaver (castor canadensis) in two different beaver populations in new york state were exposed to predator chemicals to test feeding inhibition. solvent extracts of feces were applied to stem sections of aspen, the preferred food tree of beavers, permitting smelling and tasting the samples. predator odors were from wolf (canis lupus), coyote (canis latrans), dog (canis familiaris), black bear (ursus americanus), river otter (lutra canadensis), lynx (lynx canadensis), and african lion ... | 1995 | 24234632 |
| influence of insecticidal plant materials used during storage on sensory attributes and instrumental hardness of dry edible beans (phaseolus vulgaris l.). | three plant products with known insecticidal properties, a dry extract of flowers of chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium (trevir.) vis. produced in rwanda, an ethanol extract of seeds of neem, azadirachta indica a. juss, and crushed leaves of tetradenia riparia hochst codd, a traditional rwandan medicine, were mixed with beans, phaseolus vulgaris l., for storage protection. these plant-protected beans were compared with "off the shelf' beans that were being sold to consumers by the rwandan national a ... | 1995 | 8719734 |
| multicentric, placebo-controlled, randomised double-blind evaluation of a new herbal cream in vagial infections. | efficacyand safety of a new herbal cream containing aqueous extracts of azadirachta indica, curcuma longa, pongamia glabra, glycyrrihiza glabra and santallum album were evaluated in amulticentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. with active drug treatment, there was significant improvement in various signs like redness, oedema and symptoms like itching, burning, discharge and discomfort, compared to placebo treatment. microscopic examination of smear and culture showed signif ... | 1995 | 22556701 |
| anti-cholesterolaemic activity of a fraction of azadirachta indica leaf extract on rats. | a fraction of leaf extract isolated from leaves of azadirachta indica (meliaceae) was tested for lowering of blood cholesterol level in rats. the extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg i.p. significantly lowered the blood cholesterol level in test animals. | 1995 | 22556692 |
| progress in male contraceptive research. | 80% of the world's contraceptive users are women. this gender-based usage has occurred due to the emphasis of family planning programs and contraception research on female methods. even if men desired to take responsibility for contraception, only the condom and vasectomy are available and have a reasonable assurance of protection. the population council has been researching male contraception through its center for biomedical research. an oral contraceptive derived from gossypol, a cottonseed p ... | 1995 | 12288916 |
| development of combined use of neem (azadirachta indica) and water management for the control of culicine mosquitoes in rice fields. | crude neem products have earlier shown considerable promise for control of culicine mosquito vectors in rice fields as a by-product of their agricultural use as fertilizers, but suffer from disadvantages of bulkiness and lack of stability in storage. relatively stable lipid-rich fractions of neem were shown to be as effective as good-quality crude neem products in control of breeding of culicine vectors of japanese encephalitis, and also produced a slight but significant reduction in populations ... | 1995 | 7696685 |
| an examination of the potential "genotoxic" carcinogenicity of a biopesticide derived from the neem tree. | structural analyses of azadirachtin, a promising biopesticide recently introduced into the united states, indicates that this natural product has the potential for acting as a "genotoxic" carcinogen. in view of the fact that genotoxic carcinogens are regarded as presenting a potential carcinogenic risk to humans, the present finding suggests that the possible metabolism of azadirachtin to dna-reactive products be evaluated experimentally. | 1995 | 7588652 |
| field evaluation of mosquito repellent action of neem oil. | | 1994 | 7713267 |
| protective effect of fraction of azadirachta indica leaf extract on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity. | the hepatoprotective activity of a fraction of the leaf extract of a.indica against carbon tetrachloride : liquid paraffin (1:1) induced liver damage in rats at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg was evaluated. a significant dose dependent hepatoprotective activity was evidenced by lowering of the elevated levels of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (got), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (gpt), acid phosphatase (acp) and alkaline phosphatase (alp) in the serum of ccl(4) : liquid paraffin (1:1) t ... | 1994 | 22556679 |
| isolation and characterization of two ige-reactive proteins from azadirachta indica pollen. | two allergenically active components present in the azadirachta indica whole pollen extract have been isolated by sequential ammonium sulfate precipitation (0-90%), deae-sephadex a-50 ion-exchange chromatography followed by gel filtration through sephadex g-200. the allergenicity of fractionated materials has been tested by skin prick test and elisa inhibition which reveal that aiai and aiaivb are the major allergens. immunoblot confirms the ige-binding activity of the proteins. although both fr ... | 1994 | 7519303 |
| socioeconomic factors in malaria control. | a knowledge of people's perceptions of malaria and of the socioeconomic implications of the disease is of considerable value when control programmes are being planned and implemented. observations on these matters are reported from ghana. | 1994 | 7945758 |
| effectiveness of neem oil mats in repelling mosquitoes. | | 2013 | 7905211 |
| antifeedant activity of extracts from neem,azadirachta indica, to strawberry aphid,chaetosiphon fragaefolii. | leaf disk choice test bioassays demonstrated that formulated neem seed oil (nso) was equally deterrent to first- and third-instar nymphs and adult strawberry aphids,chaetosiphon fragaefolii (cockerell). concentrations of nso resulting in 50% feeding deterrence were approximately 1.1% for this species. the rapid disruption of aphid feeding (<1 hr) was not related to the presence of the limonoid azadirachtin, and deterrence likely results from the combined activity of several compounds. activity t ... | 1993 | 24249239 |
| toxicity of azadirachta indica to freshwater snails and fish, with reference to the physicochemical factor effect on potency. | a preliminary crude screening of plants in jos metropolis showed that at a concentration of 100 mg/l-1 the stem bark extract of the neem plant azadirachta indica caused a 100 percent mortality when tested against three common snail intermediate host species, biomphalaria pfeifferi, bulinus truncatus, and lymnaea natalensis after 24 hours exposure. toxicity test with freeze-dried aqueous extract of the plant gave 96 hours lc50 values of 19.00 mg/l-1 (p > 0.05), 10.96 mg/l-1 (p > 0.05) and 15.13 m ... | 1993 | 8508220 |
| effect of azadirachta indica leaf extract on oestrous cycle of rats. | effect of azadirachta indica leaf extracts on duration of oestrous cycle of adult rats was studied. the extract (200 mg/kg) induced cornified phase of the cycle which persisted till the last day of treatment. possible reasons behind the results are discussed. | 1993 | 22556624 |
| neem chemical: the pieces fall in place. | | 1992 | 17794588 |
| immunomodulatory effects of neem (azadirachta indica) oil. | immunomodulatory effects of neem oil were studied in mice. the animals were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with neem oil; control animals received the emulsifying agent with or without peanut oil. peritoneal lavage, collected on subsequent days, showed a maximum number of leukocytic cells on day 3 following treatment with neem oil; peritoneal macrophages exhibited enhanced phagocytic activity and expression of mhc class-ii antigens. neem oil treatment also induced the production of gamma inter ... | 1992 | 1452404 |
| determination of toxicity of danitol, methoprene and neem formulation against stored grain pest, sitophilus oryzae l. | toxicity of a synthetic pyrethroid (danitol 10 e.c.), methoprene (j.h.a.) and crude neem extract formulation (rb-b +pbo +tx) in synergestic form was determined in laboratory by contact method against adults of sitophilus oryzae. observations after 24 hours of treatment showed that 50% of the adults died at 0.39 mu/cm(2) of danitol, 6.28 mug/cm(2) of neem formulation and 18.85 mug/cm(2) of methoprene, the three products used in this experiment. danitol was found more effective as compared to neem ... | 1992 | 16414717 |
| village pharmacy. the neem tree yields products from pesticides to soap. | | 1992 | 1566036 |
| constituents of azadirachta indica: isolation and structure elucidation of a new antibacterial tetranortriterpenoid, mahmoodin, and a new protolimonoid, naheedin. | mahmoodin [1], a new limonoid, has been isolated from azadirachta indica (neem) oil, along with seven known tetranortriterpenoids, azadirone, epoxyazadiradione, nimbin, gedunin, azadiradione, deacetylnimbin, and 17-hydroxyazadiradione. a new protolimonoid, naheedin [3], has been obtained from the neem fruits along with azadirachtol. their structures have been elucidated through chemical and spectral analyses including 2d nmr studies. the absolute configuration of 1 was established by comparison ... | 1992 | 1593280 |
| postembryonic development and reproduction incorcyra cephalonica (stainton) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) on exposure to eucalyptus and neem oil volatiles. | postembryonic development and adult emergence ofcorcyra cephalonica (stainton) were adversely affected in varying degrees when individuals were reared for the first 2 weeks of larval life or for a similar duration from the sixteenth day of their lives in an environment of eucalyptus oil volatiles. this was, however, not so in the progeny of parents exposed to these volatiles for only 5 min. exposure of this pest to neem oil volatiles during larval stages for similar periods failed to produce suc ... | 1991 | 24258647 |
| ethnopharmacognostical survey of azadirachta indica a. juss (meliaceae). | literature data on respectively botany, chemistry, ethnopharmacology, pharmacology and toxicology of azadirachta indica a. juss. (meliaceae) are reviewed and evaluated. in traditional literature, preparations of the tree are claimed to be vulnerable in wide spectrum of diseases. especially for inflammation-related diseases a good correlation is found with the results of recent experimental investigations. in addition, a variety of other biological activities are reported. most frequently the eff ... | 1991 | 1753794 |
| hypoglycemic effect or neem bark and flower on streptozotocin - induced diabetes in mice. | three to six hours after the administration of extracts of neem bark or flower, the blood glucose levels of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice dropped significantly. however, neem flower possesses stronger hypoglycemic activity than the bark. hypoglycemic action of these extracts may be due to their metabolic effect on tissue and or due to increase in insulin secretion. | 1991 | 22556555 |
| toxicity of crude neem extracts (n-4) and (n-9) against late 2nd instar larvae of musca domestica l. (pcsir strain). | the ld50 of crude neem extract (n-4) and (n-9) was found to be 4.80% and 0.47%, respectively. the range of mortality was found to be increasing (at 95% confidence limit) with increase in concentration of solution. | 1991 | 16414685 |
| effect of azadirachtin on mesocyclops leuckarti sensu lato, vector of dracunculiasis. | extension or otherwise of characteristic insect development inhibitory effects of the neem sesquiterpenoid azadirachtin have been examined on eggs and nauplii of the crustacean cyclops, m. leuckarti sensu lato, a major vector of guineaworm disease at 0.1 ppm and above doses. azadirachtin reduced survival of early nauplii (n1 to n3) at 0.1 ppm and above doses. no such effect was observed when eggs and late nauplii (n4 to n5) were exposed. azadirachtin did not affect the moult cycle when late naup ... | 1990 | 2151143 |
| margosa oil poisoning as a cause of toxic encephalopathy. | margosa oil is an extract of the seed of the neem tree and is widely used as a traditional medicine by indians in india, sri lanka, burma, thailand, malaysia and indonesia. used mainly for external applications, it is often administered orally to neonates and infants regularly in small amounts. margosa oil causes toxic encephalopathy particularly in infants and young children. the usual features are vomiting, drowsiness, tachypnea and recurrent generalised seizures. leucocytosis and metabolic ac ... | 1990 | 2259944 |
| tricyclic diterpenes from the stem bark of azadirachta indica. | two new diterpenoids, margosone and margosolone, have been isolated from the stem bark of azadirachta indica a. juss (neem) and their structures established as 12,13-dihydroxy-14-isoporpylpodocarpa-8,11,13-trien-7-one and 13-hydroxy-12-methoxypodocarpa-8,11,13-trien-7-one, respectively, through chemical and spectroscopic studies. | 1990 | 17221373 |
| synthesis of antifeedants for insects: novel behaviour-modifying chemicals from plants. | the need to protect our food supply from predatory insect attack using more ecologically acceptable methods has led to a rapidly growing interest in behavior-modifying chemicals from natural sources. compounds which deter insects from feeding (antifeedants) are attracting special attention owing to their potential use in integrated pest control management systems. we have been studying the synthesis of plant-derived compounds that display antifeedant properties. the aim of the work is to underst ... | 1990 | 2086043 |
| animal model of margosa oil ingestion with reye-like syndrome. pathogenesis of microvesicular fatty liver. | the aetiology and pathogenesis of reye's syndrome (rs) are incompletely understood. a number of environmental toxins and biological agents, including viruses, have been postulated to cause rs, either acting alone or synergistically. most investigations have suggested that the primary insult is in the liver mitochondria, leading to a complex biochemical catastrophe, with death from encephalopathy. margosa oil (mo), a long-chain fatty acid compound, has been shown to cause a reye-like syndrome wit ... | 1989 | 2593049 |
| isolation and characterization of an antimalarial agent of the neem tree azadirachta indica. | the isolation and structure elucidation of gedunin [1], the antimalarial agent of azadirachta indica, are reported. its 1h- and 13c-nmr spectra were assigned by using one- and two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy, especially homonuclear and heteronuclear cosy, noe difference, and coloc experiments. | 2006 | 2607354 |
| effect of meliaceous seed extracts on growth and survival ofspodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith). | hexane and ethanol extracts of seeds from 10 plant species (including neem-azadirachta indica a. juss.) of the family meliaceae were incorporated into artificial diet at various doses and fed to fall armyworm [spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae)] larvae in nochoice tests. all produced significant mortality, reduced larval growth rate, increased time to pupation, or all three, at some concentration. the two highest doses of all of the ethanol extracts caused 100% mortalit ... | 1989 | 24271431 |
| evaluation of four azadirachtin rich fractions from neem, azadirachta indica a. juss (family: meliaceae) as mosquito larvicides. | | 1988 | 2908329 |
| non-terpenoidal constituents from azadirachta indica. | studies on the acidic fraction of the fresh, uncrushed twigs of azadirachta indica juss (meliaceae) (neem) have resulted in the isolation and structure elucidation of one new and three unreported isocoumarins along with two unreported coumarins. the petroleum ether extract of the fresh leaves yielded a hydrocarbon fraction, the gc-ms of which led to the identification of eight saturated hydrocarbons. fatty acid compositions of leaves, twigs, and fruits of neem have also been determined. | 1988 | 17265315 |
| 'antiandrogenic properties of neem seed oil (azadirachta indica) in male rat and rabbi'. | azadirachta indica (neem) seed oil brings about a significant diminution in spermatozoan motility and density. it leads to reduction of fertility rate in rats and rabbits. the body weight of the animals remain unaffected but the weights of reproductive oranges declined. reduction of cauda epididymal protein, sialic acid, acid phosphatase and seminal vesicular fructose concentration in rats and rabbits could bedue to antiandrogenic action of the seed oil as confirmed with the help of bioassay tec ... | 1987 | 22557585 |
| ethnopharmacological study of azadirachta indica. a conceptual evaluation. | | 1986 | 17345518 |
| immunomodulatory activity of an aqueous extract of the stem bark of azadirachta indica. | | 1986 | 17345390 |
| studies in the chemical constituents of azadirachta indica part ii: isolation and structure of the new triterpenoid azadirachtol. | a new triterpenoid named azadirachtol ( 1) has been isolated from the fruits of azadirachta indica juss. (neem) of which the structure is reported on the basis of chemical and spectral data. azadirachtol appears to be the first apo-tirucallol (apo-euphol) derivative possessing an eight carbons side-chain with an oxygenated ring system isolated from neem. moreover, it is the first instance of the isolation of an 11-hydroxy triterpenoid from any of the various parts of neem. | 1985 | 17345262 |
| effect of nimbidin on gastric acid secretion. | nimbidin, the crude bitter compound from neem has been investigated for its gastric anti secretory activity in rats and cats. it exhibited significant anti - secretory activity in pylorus ligated rats and cats. in lumen - perfused rats it suppressed the basal as well as histamine and carbachol stimulated gastric acid output at 40 mg/kg (i.v). however it had no effect on asa - induced back - diffusion of h+ ions. this anti secretory activity of nimbidin was found to be similar to that of h2 - rec ... | 1985 | 22557506 |
| some pharmacological actions of 'nimbidin'- a bitter principle of azadirachta indica-a juss (neem). | nimbidin the major bitter principle from oil of seeds of azadirachta indica a. juss was investigated for various pharmacological actions in a number animal models. on central nervous system it exhibited moderate sedative effect it did not show any significant cardiovascular effects in experimental animals. autonomic pharmacological studies (in-vitro) revealed pronounced anticholinergic antihistaminic (h1-receptor), anti 5 ht and antinicotinic activities. but in-vivo tests did not show any antich ... | 1984 | 22557456 |
| ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest due to neem leaf poisoning. | | 1984 | 6501205 |
| current status of plant products reported to inhibit sperm. | this report reviews research on plant-derived agents that prevent sperm production if taken orally by the male or that incapacitate or kill sperm on contact if used vaginally by the female. it would be of great value to develop fertility inhibitors that are totally selective for reproductive systems and enzymes, and there is a possibility that a plant-derived drug may have this effect. plants that have been studied for their fertility inhibiting effects in the male include: aristolochia indica l ... | 1982 | 12179631 |
| neem oil poisoning. | | 2004 | 7141505 |
| reye-like syndrome due to margosa oil poisoning: report of a case with postmortem findings. | | 1982 | 7081175 |
| inhibition of oviposition by volatiles of certain plants and chemicals in the leafhopperamrasca devastons (distant). | oviposition by the leafhopperamrasca devastans (distant) on its susceptible host plant, cotton (gossypium hirsutum var. ps-10), was inhibited by the volatiles of certain plants and by the vapors of some chemicals occurring in various plants when these were presented at a distance from the ovipositional substrate. the effectiveness of the volatiles of the plants for inhibiting the oviposition decreased in the order: eucalyptus > coriander=castor=tomato > lime,ocimum being without effect. among th ... | 1982 | 24414944 |
| studies on plant gums: part viii--isolation & characterization of a high molecular weight glycoprotein from neem (azadirachta indica) gum. | | 1981 | 7309097 |
| margosa oil poisoning as a cause of reye's syndrome. | vomiting, drowsiness, metabolic acidosis, polymorphonuclear leucocytosis, and encephalopathy developed in thirteen infants within hours of ingestion of margosa oil. liver biopsy of one infant and necropsy examination of icr strain mice after experimentally induced margosa-oil poisoning demonstrated pronounced fatty infiltration of the liver and proximal renal tubules as well as cerebral oedema. electron microscopy demonstrated mitochondrial damage. these findings indicate that margosa oil may be ... | 1981 | 6110100 |
| margosa oil poisoning in india and malaysia. | | 1981 | 7330956 |
| male antifertility activity of azadirachta indica in mice. | | 1980 | 7205685 |
| studies on the composition of milk with the use of neem seed expeller cake (az adirachta indica) on lactating buffaloes. | | 1979 | 573242 |
| suspected contaminated margosa oil poisoning. | | 1978 | 750889 |
| [margosa bark extract for inflammatory mucous membrane diseases]. | | 1976 | 1077013 |
| studies on plant gums. ii. separation of protein-rich and carbohydrate-rich components of neem (azadirachta indica) gum. | | 1973 | 4792919 |
| the proteinaceous, gum polysaccharide from azadirachta indica a. juss. | | 1971 | 5152099 |
| [influence of neem tree extracts on inflammatory changes of the gingiva]. | | 1971 | 5292567 |
| studies on plant gums: i--identification of nitrogenous compounds in neem (azadirachta indica) gum and isolation of d-glucosamine. | | 1967 | 4233809 |
| pharmacological studies on melia azadirachta [n. o. meliaceae]. ii. estrogenic and antipyretic activity of neem oil & its fractions. | | 1958 | 13586930 |
| structure of the neem (azadirachta indica) gum. | | 1951 | 14849163 |
| the basil and the neem. | | 1903 | 20760787 |