| mosquito larvicidal activities of solanum villosum berry extract against the dengue vector stegomyia aegypti. | vector control is facing a threat due to the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. although several plants have been reported for mosquitocidal activity, only a few botanicals have moved from the laboratory to field use, because they are poorly characterized, in most cases active principals are not determined and most of the works are restricted to preliminary screening. solanum v ... | 2008 | 18387176 |
| monitoring of malaria, japanese encephalitis and filariasis vectors. | vector monitoring in military stations would help in protecting the armed forces from vector borne diseases such as malaria, japanese encephalitis and filariasis. | 2013 | 24843200 |
| a video clip of the biting midge culicoides anophelis ingesting blood from an engorged anopheles mosquito in hainan, china. | biting midges are hematophagus ectoparasites of insects, humans and other animals. culicoides (trithicoides) anophelis edwards1922 is a predator of engorged mosquitoes. | 2013 | 24499575 |
| vector databank in the indian armed forces. | medical intelligence of disease vectors deals with understanding vector distribution and control. | 2011 | 27408077 |
| wolbachia strains for disease control: ecological and evolutionary considerations. | wolbachia are endosymbionts found in many insects with the potential to suppress vectorborne diseases, particularly through interfering with pathogen transmission. wolbachia strains are highly variable in their effects on hosts, raising the issue of which attributes should be selected to ensure that the best strains are developed for disease control. this depends on their ability to suppress viral transmission, invade host populations, persist without loss of viral suppression and not interfere ... | 2015 | 26366194 |
| resistance status of the malaria vector mosquitoes, anopheles stephensi and anopheles subpictus towards adulticides and larvicides in arid and semi-arid areas of india. | susceptibility studies of malaria vectors anopheles stephensi liston (diptera: culicidae) and an. subpictus grassi collected during 2004-2007 from various locations of arid and semi-arid zone of india were conducted by adulticide bioassay of ddt, malathion, deltamethrin and larvicide bioassay of fenthion, temephos, chlorpyriphos and malathion using diagnostic doses. both species from all locations exhibited variable resistance to ddt and malathion from majority of location. adults of both the sp ... | 0 | 21870971 |
| a global assembly of adult female mosquito mark-release-recapture data to inform the control of mosquito-borne pathogens. | pathogen transmission by mosquitos is known to be highly sensitive to mosquito bionomic parameters. mosquito mark-release-recapture (mmrr) experiments are a standard method for estimating such parameters including dispersal, population size and density, survival, blood feeding frequency and blood meal host preferences. | 2014 | 24946878 |
| screening for adulticidal activity against anopheles arabiensis in ten plants used as mosquito repellent in south africa. | due to the development of resistance to synthetic insecticides, adverse effects to human health, non-target organisms and the environment, there is an urgent need to develop new insecticides, which are effective, safe, biodegrable and target-specific. this study was undertaken to evaluate the adulticidal activity of 10 plants used traditionally as mosquito repellents in south africa. | 2014 | 24884500 |
| larvicidal activity of cassia occidentalis (linn.) against the larvae of bancroftian filariasis vector mosquito culex quinquefasciatus. | background & objectives. the plan of this work was to study the larvicidal activity of cassia occidentalis (linn.) against the larvae of culex quinquefasciatus. these larvae are the most significant vectors. they transmit the parasites and pathogens which cause a deadly disease like filariasis, dengue, yellow fever, malaria, japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, and so forth, which are considered harmful towards the population in tropic and subtropical regions. methods. the preliminary laboratory ... | 2014 | 24688786 |
| mosquito larvicidal potential of gossypium hirsutum (bt cotton) leaves extracts against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi larvae. | we aimed to extract the ingredients from leaves of gossypium hirsutum (bt cotton) using different solvents and evaluate for potential use to control different larval stages of mosquito species, aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi. | 2013 | 25629069 |
| lethal effects of aspergillus niger against mosquitoes vector of filaria, malaria, and dengue: a liquid mycoadulticide. | aspergillus niger is a fungus of the genus aspergillus. it has caused a disease called black mold on certain fruits and vegetables. the culture filtrates released from the a. niger atcc 66566 were grown in czapek dox broth (cdb) then filtered with flash chromatograph and were used for the bioassay after a growth of thirty days. the result demonstrated these mortalities with lc(50), lc(90), and lc(99) values of culex quinquefasciatus 0.76, 3.06, and 4.75, anopheles stephensi 1.43, 3.2, and 3.86, ... | 2012 | 22629156 |
| evaluation of 15 local plant species as larvicidal agents against an indian strain of dengue fever mosquito, aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae). | the adverse effects of chemical insecticides-based intervention measures for the control of mosquito vectors have received wide public apprehension because of several problems like insecticide resistance, resurgence of pest species, environmental pollution, toxic hazards to humans, and non-target organisms. these problems have necessitated the need to explore and develop alternative strategies using eco-friendly, environmentally safe, bio-degradable plant products which are non-toxic to non-targ ... | 2012 | 22536188 |
| mosquito biting activity on humans & detection of plasmodium falciparum infection in anopheles stephensi in goa, india. | knowledge of the bionomics of mosquitoes, especially of disease vectors, is essential to plan appropriate vector avoidance and control strategies. information on biting activity of vectors during the night hours in different seasons is important for choosing personal protection measures. this study was carried out to find out the composition of mosquito fauna biting on humans and seasonal biting trends in goa, india. | 0 | 22382193 |
| adulticidal activity of olea vera, linum usitatissimum and piper nigera against anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti under laboratory conditions. | there are several plant extractions which are being used for mosquito control. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of olea vera, linum usitatissimum and piper nigera against anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti under laboratory conditions. | 2011 | 22808413 |
| screening of methanolic plant extracts against larvae of aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi in mysore. | mosquitoes transmit serious human diseases, causing millions of death every year. vector control is facing a threat due to the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. nine different locally available medicinally important plants suspected to posse larvicidal property were screened against fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi to a series of concentrations of ... | 2016 | 27308289 |
| isolation and characterization of native bacillus thuringiensis strains from saudi arabia with enhanced larvicidal toxicity against the mosquito vector anopheles gambiae (s.l.). | worldwide, mosquito vectors are transmitting several etiological agents of important human diseases, including malaria, causing millions of deaths every year. in saudi arabia, as elsewhere, vector-control is based mostly on chemical insecticides which may be toxic and cause environmental deprivation. here, to support the development of bio-pesticide alternatives, a study was conducted to identify native bacillus thuringiensis (bt) isolates with improved toxicity against the malaria vector, anoph ... | 2016 | 27993165 |
| mosquito larvicidal potential of potash alum against malaria vector anopheles stephensi (liston). | mosquito larviciding may prove to be an effective tool for incorporating into integrated vector management strategies for reducing malaria transmission. here, we report the potential of potash alum, a traditionally known salt in indian ayurveda and chinese medicine system, in malaria vector control by evaluating its aqueous suspension as larvicide and growth disruptor of anopheles stephensi, under laboratory conditions. immature stages of the mosquito were tested using who guidelines. 50 and 90% ... | 2010 | 21966124 |
| mosquito surveillance and the first record of the invasive mosquito species aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) in southern iran. | epidemics of mosquito-borne viral infections such as dengue, chikungunya, west nile and rift valley fevers in neighbouring countries and risk of introduction of exotic vectors into iran have placed this country at a significant risk for these mosquito-borne diseases. | 0 | 27928533 |
| the use of mosquito repellents at three sites in india with declining malaria transmission: surveys in the community and clinic. | repellents such as coils, vaporizers, mats and creams can be used to reduce the risk of malaria and other infectious diseases. although evidence for their effectiveness is limited, they are advertised as providing an additional approach to mosquito control in combination with other strategies, e.g. insecticide-treated nets. we examined the use of repellents in india in an urban setting in chennai (mainly plasmodium vivax malaria), a peri-urban setting in nadiad (both p. vivax and p. falciparum m ... | 2016 | 27465199 |
| assessment of angelica sinensis (oliv.) diels as a repellent for personal protection against mosquitoes under laboratory and field conditions in northern thailand. | angelica sinensis (oliv.) hexane extract (ahe) has been reported as a proven and impressive repellent against laboratory-reared female aedes aegypti mosquitoes. with the aim of promoting products of plant origin as a viable alternative to conventional synthetic substances, this study was designed to transform ahe-based repellents for exploitable commercial production by enhancing their efficacy and assessing their physical and biological stability as well as repellency against mosquitoes under l ... | 2016 | 27357395 |
| reduction of aedes aegypti vector competence for dengue virus under large temperature fluctuations. | diurnal temperature fluctuations can fundamentally alter mosquito biology and mosquito-virus interactions in ways that impact pathogen transmission. we investigated the effect of two daily fluctuating temperature profiles on aedes aegypti vector competence for dengue virus (denv) serotype-1. a large diurnal temperature range of 18.6°c around a 26°c mean, corresponding with the low denv transmission season in northwestern thailand, reduced midgut infection rates and tended to extend the virus ext ... | 2013 | 23438766 |
| larvicidal, biological and genotoxic effects, and temperature-toxicity relationship of some leaf extracts of nerium oleander (apocynaceae) on culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | the present study was undertaken to study the larvicidal activity of different extracts of nerium oleander leaves, and post-treatment temperature- toxicity relationship of these extracts against culex pipiens. further, the most potent extract was used to evaluate its biological and genotoxic activities. | 2015 | 27047967 |
| geographic variation in adult survival and reproductive tactics of the mosquito aedes albopictus. | climate differences across latitude can result in seasonal constraints and selection on life history characters. since aedes albopictus (skuse) invaded north america in the mid-1980s, it has spread across a range of approximately 14 degrees latitude and populations in the north experience complete adult mortality due to cold winter temperatures that are absent in the south. life table experiments were conducted to test for differences in the adult survival and reproductive schedules of ae. albop ... | 0 | 18402136 |
| high-level gene expression in aedes albopictus cells using a baculovirus hr3 enhancer and ie1 transactivator. | aedes aegypti is the key vector of both the yellow fever and dengue fever viruses throughout many parts of the world. low and variable transgene expression levels due to position effect and position effect variegation are problematic to efforts to create transgenic laboratory strains refractory to these viruses. transformation efficiencies are also less than optimal, likely due to failure to detect expression from all integrated transgenes and potentially due to limited expression of the transpo ... | 2004 | 15251037 |
| do mosquitoes transmit the avian malaria-like parasite haemoproteus? an experimental test of vector competence using mosquito saliva. | the life-cycle of many vector-borne pathogens includes an asexual replication phase in the vertebrate host and sexual reproduction in the insect vector. however, as only a small array of parasites can successfully develop infective phases inside an insect, few insect species are competent vectors for these pathogens. molecular approaches have identified the potential insect vectors of blood parasites under natural conditions. however, the effectiveness of this methodology for verifying mosquito ... | 2016 | 27894354 |
| plant virus-insect vector interactions: current and potential future research directions. | acquisition and transmission by an insect vector is central to the infection cycle of the majority of plant pathogenic viruses. plant viruses can interact with their insect host in a variety of ways including both non-persistent and circulative transmission; in some cases, the latter involves virus replication in cells of the insect host. replicating viruses can also elicit both innate and specific defense responses in the insect host. a consistent feature is that the interaction of the virus wi ... | 2016 | 27834855 |
| an increase of larval rearing temperature does not affect the susceptibility of phlebotomus sergenti to leishmania tropica but effectively eliminates the gregarine psychodiella sergenti. | in mosquitoes, it has previously been shown that rearing conditions of immature stages have an effect on the vector competence of adults. here, we studied the impact of different larval rearing temperatures (27 °c versus 32 °c) on the sand fly phlebotomus sergenti parrot, 1917 and its susceptibility to two parasites: leishmania tropica wright, 1903, a dixenous trypanosomatid transmissible from sand flies to humans, and psychodiella sergenti lantova, volf & votypka, 2010, a monoxenous sand fly gr ... | 2016 | 27756429 |
| microbiome influences on insect host vector competence. | insect symbioses lack the complexity and diversity of those associated with higher eukaryotic hosts. symbiotic microbiomes are beneficial to their insect hosts in many ways, including dietary supplementation, tolerance to environmental perturbations and maintenance and/or enhancement of host immune system homeostasis. recent studies have also highlighted the importance of the microbiome in the context of host pathogen transmission processes. here we provide an overview of the relationship betwee ... | 2011 | 21697014 |
| mosquitocidal properties of igg targeting the glutamate-gated chloride channel in three mosquito disease vectors (diptera: culicidae). | the glutamate-gated chloride channel (glucl) is a highly sensitive insecticide target of the avermectin class of insecticides. as an alternative to using chemical insecticides to kill mosquitoes, we tested the effects of purified immunoglobulin g (igg) targeting the extracellular domain of glucl from anopheles gambiae (agglucl) on the survivorship of three key mosquito disease vectors: anopheles gambiae s.s., aedes aegypti and culex tarsalis. when administered through a single blood meal, anti-a ... | 0 | 25994632 |
| survival of west nile virus-challenged southern house mosquitoes, culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, in relation to environmental temperatures. | we investigated the effect of west nile virus (wnv) infection on survival in two colonies of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae) originating from vero beach and gainesville, fl. mosquitoes were fed west nile virus-infected blood and checked daily for survival. exposure to wnv decreased survival among cx. p. quinquefasciatus from gainesville relative to unexposed individuals at 31° c. in contrast, exposure to wnv enhanced survival among cx. p. quinquefasciatus from vero beach ... | 0 | 24820564 |
| how do nutritional stress and la crosse virus infection interact? tests for effects on willingness to blood feed and fecundity in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | evolutionary theory predicts that vector-borne pathogens should have low virulence for their vector because of selection against pathogens that harm the vector sufficiently to reduce transmission. environmental factors such as nutritional stress can alter vector-pathogen associations by making the vectors more susceptible to pathogens (condition-dependent competence) and vulnerable to the harm caused by pathogen replication (condition-dependent virulence). we tested the hypotheses of condition-d ... | 2015 | 26477049 |
| immunogenicity and serological cross-reactivity of saliva proteins among different tsetse species. | tsetse are vectors of pathogenic trypanosomes, agents of human and animal trypanosomiasis in africa. components of tsetse saliva (sialome) are introduced into the mammalian host bite site during the blood feeding process and are important for tsetse's ability to feed efficiently, but can also influence disease transmission and serve as biomarkers for host exposure. we compared the sialome components from four tsetse species in two subgenera: subgenus morsitans: glossina morsitans morsitans (gmm) ... | 2015 | 26313460 |
| the developmental transcriptome of the mosquito aedes aegypti, an invasive species and major arbovirus vector. | mosquitoes are vectors of a number of important human and animal diseases. the development of novel vector control strategies requires a thorough understanding of mosquito biology. to facilitate this, we used rna-seq to identify novel genes and provide the first high-resolution view of the transcriptome throughout development and in response to blood feeding in a mosquito vector of human disease, aedes aegypti, the primary vector for dengue and yellow fever. we characterized mrna expression at 3 ... | 2013 | 23833213 |
| fluctuations at a low mean temperature accelerate dengue virus transmission by aedes aegypti. | environmental factors such as temperature can alter mosquito vector competence for arboviruses. results from recent studies indicate that daily fluctuations around an intermediate mean temperature (26°c) reduce vector competence of aedes aeygpti for dengue viruses (denv). theoretical predictions suggest that the mean temperature in combination with the magnitude of the diurnal temperature range (dtr) mediate the direction of these effects. | 2013 | 23638208 |
| effect of triflumuron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, on aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus and culex quinquefasciatus under laboratory conditions. | resistance to traditional insecticides represents a threat to the control of disease vectors. the insect growth regulators (igr) are a potential alternative to control mosquitoes, including resistant populations. the chitin synthesis inhibitors (csi) are igrs, which interfere with the insect molting process and represent one major class of compounds against aedes aegypti populations resistant to the larvicide organophosphate temephos. in the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of the csi tr ... | 2013 | 23557173 |
| influence of resource levels, organic compounds and laboratory colonization on interspecific competition between the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (stegomyia albopicta) and the southern house mosquito culex quinquefasciatus. | the mosquitoes aedes albopictus (stegomyia albopicta) (skuse) and culex quinquefasciatus (say) (diptera: culicidae) are common inhabitants of tyres and other artificial containers, which constitute important peridomestic mosquito breeding habitats. we tested the hypotheses that interspecific resource competition between the larvae of these species is asymmetrical, that the concentration of chemicals associated with decomposing detritus affects the competitive outcomes of these species, and that ... | 2014 | 24444185 |
| effects of ingested vertebrate-derived factors on insect immune responses. | during the process of blood feeding insect vectors are exposed to an array of vertebrate-derived blood factors ranging from byproducts of blood meal digestion to naturally occurring products in the blood including growth hormones, cytokines and factors derived from blood-borne pathogens themselves. in this review, we examine the ability of these ingested vertebrate blood factors to alter the innate pathogen defenses of insect vectors. the ability of these factors to modify the immune responses o ... | 0 | 25401083 |
| sodium channel point mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in chinese strains of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | pesticide resistance due to sodium channel point mutations has been well documented in many mosquito species. | 2014 | 25128988 |
| susceptibility of culicidae mosquitoes to some insecticides recommended by who in a malaria endemic area of southeastern iran. | according to the national strategy plan on monitoring of insecticides resistance, this study was carried out to determine the base line susceptibility of the culicidae mosquitoes to the who-recommended insecticides in an endemic focus of malaria in southeastern iran. | 2014 | 26114141 |
| plasmodium berghei sporozoites acquire virulence and immunogenicity during mosquito hemocoel transit. | malaria is a vector-borne disease caused by the single-cell eukaryote plasmodium. the infectious parasite forms are sporozoites, which originate from midgut-associated oocysts, where they eventually egress and reach the mosquito hemocoel. sporozoites actively colonize the salivary glands in order to be transmitted to the mammalian host. whether residence in the salivary glands provides distinct and vital cues for the development of infectivity remains unsolved. in this study, we systematically c ... | 2013 | 24379288 |
| discovery of mosquito saliva micrornas during chikv infection. | mosquito borne pathogens are transmitted to humans via saliva during blood feeding. mosquito saliva is a complex concoction of many secretory factors that modulate the feeding foci to enhance pathogen infection and establishment. multiple salivary proteins/factors have been identified/characterized that enhance pathogen infection. here, we describe, for the first time, the identification of exogenous micrornas from mosquito saliva. micrornas are short, 18-24 nucleotide, non-coding rnas that regu ... | 2015 | 25612225 |
| the importance of age dependent mortality and the extrinsic incubation period in models of mosquito-borne disease transmission and control. | nearly all mathematical models of vector-borne diseases have assumed that vectors die at constant rates. however, recent empirical research suggests that mosquito mortality rates are frequently age dependent. this work develops a simple mathematical model to assess how relaxing the classical assumption of constant mortality affects the predicted effectiveness of anti-vectorial interventions. the effectiveness of mosquito control when mosquitoes die at age dependent rates was also compared across ... | 2010 | 20405010 |
| warmer temperatures reduce the vectorial capacity of malaria mosquitoes. | the development rate of parasites and pathogens within vectors typically increases with temperature. accordingly, transmission intensity is generally assumed to be higher under warmer conditions. however, development is only one component of parasite/pathogen life history and there has been little research exploring the temperature sensitivity of other traits that contribute to transmission intensity. here, using a rodent malaria, we show that vector competence (the maximum proportion of infecti ... | 2011 | 22188673 |
| rethinking vector immunology: the role of environmental temperature in shaping resistance. | recent ecological research has revealed that environmental factors can strongly affect insect immunity and influence the outcome of host-parasite interactions. to date, however, most studies examining immune function in mosquitoes have ignored environmental variability. we argue that one such environmental variable, temperature, influences both vector immunity and the parasite itself. as temperatures in the field can vary greatly from the ambient temperature in the laboratory, it will be essenti ... | 2012 | 23147703 |
| engineering the control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases. | recent advances in genetic engineering are bringing new promise for controlling mosquito populations that transmit deadly pathogens. here we discuss past and current efforts to engineer mosquito strains that are refractory to disease transmission or are suitable for suppressing wild disease-transmitting populations. | 2014 | 25418061 |
| symbionts conferring resistance to viruses in insects. | | 0 | 25417905 |
| mutual exclusion of asaia and wolbachia in the reproductive organs of mosquito vectors. | wolbachia is a group of intracellular maternally inherited bacteria infecting a high number of arthropod species. their presence in different mosquito species has been largely described, but aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue virus, has never been found naturally infected by wolbachia. similarly, malaria vectors and other anophelines are normally negative to wolbachia, with the exception of an african population where these bacteria have recently been detected. asaia is an acetic acid bact ... | 2015 | 25981386 |
| aedes aegypti: an emerging model for vector mosquito development. | blood-feeding mosquitoes, including the dengue and yellow fever vector aedes aegypti, transmit many of the world's deadliest diseases. such diseases have resurged in developing countries and pose clear threats for epidemic outbreaks in developed countries. recent mosquito genome projects have stimulated interest in the potential for arthropod-borne disease control by genetic manipulation of vector insects. targets of particular interest include genes that regulate development. however, although ... | 2010 | 20889691 |
| insect micrornas: biogenesis, expression profiling and biological functions. | micrornas (mirna) are a class of endogenous regulatory rna molecules 21-24 nucleotides in length that modulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level via base pairing to target sites within messenger rnas (mrna). typically, the mirna "seed sequence" (nucleotides 2-8 at the 5' end) binds complementary seed match sites within the 3' untranslated region of mrnas, resulting in either translational inhibition or mrna degradation. micrornas were first discovered in caenorhabditis elegans an ... | 2012 | 23165178 |
| wolbachia and the insect immune system: what reactive oxygen species can tell us about the mechanisms of wolbachia-host interactions. | wolbachia are intracellular bacteria that infect a vast range of arthropod species, making them one of the most prevalent endosymbionts in the world. wolbachia's stunning evolutionary success is mostly due to their reproductive parasitism but also to mutualistic effects such as increased host fecundity or protection against pathogens. however, the mechanisms underlying wolbachia phenotypes, both parasitic and mutualistic, are only poorly understood. moreover, it is unclear how the insect immune ... | 2015 | 26579107 |
| fitness cost in field and laboratory aedes aegypti populations associated with resistance to the insecticide temephos. | the continued use of chemical insecticides in the context of the national program of dengue control in brazil has generated a high selective pressure on the natural populations of aedes aegypti, leading to their resistance to these compounds in the field. fitness costs have been described as adaptive consequences of resistance. this study evaluated the biological and reproductive performance of a. aegypti strains and a field population resistant to temephos, the main larvicide used for controlli ... | 2015 | 26715037 |
| potent malaria transmission-blocking antibody responses elicited by plasmodium falciparum pfs25 expressed in escherichia coli after successful protein refolding. | production of pfs25, a plasmodium falciparum transmission-blocking vaccine target antigen, in functional conformation with the potential to elicit effective immunogenicity still remains a major challenge. in the current study, codon-harmonized recombinant pfs25 (chrpfs25) was expressed in escherichia coli, and purified protein after simple oxidative refolding steps retained reduction-sensitive conformational epitopes of transmission-blocking monoclonal antibodies. chrpfs25 formulated in several ... | 2014 | 24421036 |
| transmission-blocking activity of antibodies to plasmodium falciparum glurp.10c chimeric protein formulated in different adjuvants. | plasmodium falciparum is transmitted from person to person by anopheles mosquitoes after completing its sexual reproductive cycle within the infected mosquito. an efficacious vaccine holds the potential to interrupt development of the parasite in the mosquito leading to control and possibly eradication of malaria. a multi-component, r0.10c, was developed comprising p. falciparum glutamate-rich protein (r0) fused in frame to a correctly folded fragment of pfs48/45 (10c). here, a series of novel a ... | 2015 | 26552428 |
| the utility of plasmodium berghei as a rodent model for anti-merozoite malaria vaccine assessment. | rodent malaria species plasmodium yoelii and p. chabaudi have been widely used to validate vaccine approaches targeting blood-stage merozoite antigens. however, increasing data suggest the p. berghei rodent malaria may be able to circumvent vaccine-induced anti-merozoite responses. here we confirm a failure to protect against p. berghei, despite successful antibody induction against leading merozoite antigens using protein-in-adjuvant or viral vectored vaccine delivery. no subunit vaccine approa ... | 0 | 23609325 |
| gut microbiota elicits a protective immune response against malaria transmission. | glycosylation processes are under high natural selection pressure, presumably because these can modulate resistance to infection. here, we asked whether inactivation of the udp-galactose:β-galactoside-α1-3-galactosyltransferase (α1,3gt) gene, which ablated the expression of the galα1-3galβ1-4glcnac-r (α-gal) glycan and allowed for the production of anti-α-gal antibodies (abs) in humans, confers protection against plasmodium spp. infection, the causative agent of malaria and a major driving force ... | 0 | 25480293 |
| french invasive asian tiger mosquito populations harbor reduced bacterial microbiota and genetic diversity compared to vietnamese autochthonous relatives. | the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus is one of the most significant pathogen vectors of the twenty-first century. originating from asia, it has invaded a wide range of eco-climatic regions worldwide. the insect-associated microbiota is now recognized to play a significant role in host biology. while genetic diversity bottlenecks are known to result from biological invasions, the resulting shifts in host-associated microbiota diversity has not been thoroughly investigated. to address this su ... | 2015 | 26441903 |
| next generation sequencing reveals regulation of distinct aedes micrornas during chikungunya virus development. | application of genomics and next generation sequencing has led to the identification of new class of cellular functional molecules, namely, small rnas. of the several classes of ncrnas (non-coding rna), micrornas have been demonstrated to exert determinative influence on various cellular processes. it is becoming abundantly clear that host/vector/pathogen encoded micrornas impact eventual pathogenesis. in this context, the participation of vector based micrornas in disease transmission and patho ... | 2014 | 24421911 |
| diet-induced nutritional stress and pathogen interference in wolbachia-infected aedes aegypti. | the pathogen interference phenotype greatly restricts infection with dengue virus (denv) and other pathogens in wolbachia-infected aedes aegypti, and is a vital component of wolbachia-based mosquito control. critically, the phenotype's causal mechanism is complex and poorly understood, with recent evidence suggesting that the cause may be species specific. to better understand this important phenotype, we investigated the role of diet-induced nutritional stress on interference against denv and t ... | 2016 | 27893736 |
| in silico study on anti-chikungunya virus activity of hesperetin. | the re-emerging, aedes spp. transmitted chikungunya virus (chikv) has recently caused large outbreaks in a wide geographical distribution of the world including countries in europe and america. though fatalities associated with this self-remitting disease were rarely reported, quality of patients' lives have been severely diminished by polyarthralgia recurrence. neither effective antiviral treatment nor vaccines are available for chikv. our previous in vitro screening showed that hesperetin, a b ... | 2016 | 27812412 |
| larvicidal potential of the halogenated sesquiterpene (+)-obtusol, isolated from the alga laurencia dendroidea j. agardh (ceramiales: rhodomelaceae), against the dengue vector mosquito aedes aegypti (linnaeus) (diptera: culicidae). | dengue is considered a serious public health problem in many tropical regions of the world including brazil. at the moment, there is no viable alternative to reduce dengue infections other than controlling the insect vector, aedes aegypti linnaeus. in the continuing search for new sources of chemicals targeted at vector control, natural products are a promising alternative to synthetic pesticides. in our work, we investigated the toxicity of a bioactive compound extracted from the red alga laure ... | 2016 | 26821032 |
| prospects and challenges of crispr/cas genome editing for the study and control of neglected vector-borne nematode diseases. | neglected tropical diseases caused by parasitic nematodes inflict an immense health and socioeconomic burden throughout much of the developing world. current estimates indicate that more than two billion people are infected with nematodes, resulting in the loss of 14 million disability-adjusted life years per annum. although these parasites cause significant mortality, they primarily cause chronic morbidity through a wide range of severe clinical ailments. treatment options for nematode infectio ... | 2016 | 27300487 |
| remarkable repellency of ligusticum sinense (umbelliferae), a herbal alternative against laboratory populations of anopheles minimus and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | for personal protection against mosquito bites, user-friendly natural repellents, particularly from plant origin, are considered as a potential alternative to applications currently based on synthetics such as deet, the standard chemical repellent. this study was carried out in thailand to evaluate the repellency of ligusticum sinense hexane extract (lhe) against laboratory anopheles minimus and aedes aegypti, the primary vectors of malaria and dengue fever, respectively. | 2015 | 26249666 |
| ecophysiology of anopheles gambiae s.l.: persistence in the sahel. | the dry-season biology of malaria vectors is poorly understood, especially in arid environments when no surface waters are available for several months, such as during the dry season in the sahel. here we reappraise results on the dry-season physiology of members of the anopheles gambiae s.l. complex in the broad context of dormancy in insects and especially in mosquitoes. we examine evidence on seasonal changes in reproduction, metabolism, stress tolerance, nutrition, molecular regulation, and ... | 2014 | 24933461 |
| an insight into the sialome of blood-feeding nematocera. | within the diptera and outside the suborder brachycera, the blood-feeding habit occurred at least twice, producing the present day sand flies, and the culicomorpha, including the mosquitoes (culicidae), black flies (simulidae), biting midges (ceratopogonidae) and frog feeding flies (corethrellidae). alternatives to this scenario are also discussed. successful blood-feeding requires adaptations to antagonize the vertebrate's mechanisms of blood clotting, platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction, pa ... | 2010 | 20728537 |
| anopheles subpictus carry human malaria parasites in an urban area of western india and may facilitate perennial malaria transmission. | india contributes 1.5-2 million annual confirmed cases of malaria. since both parasites and vectors are evolving rapidly, updated information on parasite prevalence in mosquitoes is important for vector management and disease control. possible new vector-parasite interactions in goa, india were tested. | 2016 | 26919828 |
| anopheline species and their plasmodium infection status in aligarh, india. | malaria is a global issue and india contributes substantially to global malaria incidence. information related to malaria vectors is very limited in aligarh. the environmental and climatological situations permit the continual breeding of vectors in permanent breeding sites. this study was designed with the aim to screen all the anophelines species and possible malaria vectors in three different localities of aligarh. anopheles mosquitoes were collected from three different localities (fort, jal ... | 2015 | 27579016 |
| absence of knockdown resistance suggests metabolic resistance in the main malaria vectors of the mekong region. | as insecticide resistance may jeopardize the successful malaria control programmes in the mekong region, a large investigation was previously conducted in the mekong countries to assess the susceptibility of the main malaria vectors against ddt and pyrethroid insecticides. it showed that the main vector, anopheles epiroticus, was highly pyrethroid-resistant in the mekong delta, whereas anopheles minimus sensu lato was pyrethroid-resistant in northern vietnam. anopheles dirus sensu stricto showed ... | 2009 | 19400943 |
| distribution of malaria vectors and incidence of vivax malaria at korean army installations near the demilitarized zone, republic of korea. | as a result of the reintroduction of malaria in the republic of korea (rok) in 1993 and the threat to military and civilian populations, the korea military national defense (mnd) increased emphasis on vector control in 2012 at rok army (roka) installations located near the dmz, while decreasing chemoprophylaxis, fearing potential drug resistance. mosquito surveillance demonstrated a need for continuous monitoring of disease patterns among roka soldiers and vector malaria infection rates to ensur ... | 2016 | 27150110 |
| diversification of the genus anopheles and a neotropical clade from the late cretaceous. | the anopheles genus is a member of the culicidae family and consists of approximately 460 recognized species. the genus is composed of 7 subgenera with diverse geographical distributions. despite its huge medical importance, a consensus has not been reached on the phylogenetic relationships among anopheles subgenera. we assembled a comprehensive dataset comprising the coi, coii and 5.8s rrna genes and used maximum likelihood and bayesian inference to estimate the phylogeny and divergence times o ... | 2015 | 26244561 |
| mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of anophelines and their association with resistance to pyrethroids - a review. | constant and extensive use of chemical insecticides has created a selection pressure and favored resistance development in many insect species worldwide. one of the most important pyrethroid resistance mechanisms is classified as target site insensitivity, due to conformational changes in the target site that impair a proper binding of the insecticide molecule. the voltage-gated sodium channel (nav) is the target of pyrethroids and ddt insecticides, used to control insects of medical, agricultur ... | 2014 | 25292318 |
| the effects of urbanization on global plasmodium vivax malaria transmission. | many recent studies have examined the impact of urbanization on plasmodium falciparum malaria endemicity and found a general trend of reduced transmission in urban areas. however, none has examined the effect of urbanization on plasmodium vivax malaria, which is the most widely distributed malaria species and can also cause severe clinical syndromes in humans. in this study, a set of 10,003 community-based p. vivax parasite rate (pvpr) surveys are used to explore the relationships between pvpr i ... | 2012 | 23217010 |
| the polymorphism and the geographical distribution of the knockdown resistance (kdr) of anopheles sinensis in the republic of korea. | in the republic of korea (rok), six sibling species of the anopheles sinensis complex are considered the vector species of malaria, but data on their susceptibilities to malaria and vector capacities have been controversial. the intensive use of insecticides has contributed to the rapid development and spread of insecticide resistance in the an. sinensis complex. knockdown resistance (kdr) to pyrethroids and ddt in the an. sinensis complex is associated with a mutation in codon 1014 of the volta ... | 2012 | 22554130 |
| epidemiology of plasmodium vivax malaria in india. | historically, malaria in india was predominantly caused by plasmodium vivax, accounting for 53% of the estimated cases. after the spread of drug-resistant plasmodium falciparum in the 1990s, the prevalence of the two species remained equivalent at the national level for a decade. by 2014, the proportion of p. vivax has decreased to 34% nationally, but with high regional variation. in 2014, p. vivax accounted for around 380,000 malaria cases in india; almost a sixth of all p. vivax cases reported ... | 2016 | 27708188 |
| time series analysis of malaria in afghanistan: using arima models to predict future trends in incidence. | malaria remains endemic in afghanistan. national control and prevention strategies would be greatly enhanced through a better ability to forecast future trends in disease incidence. it is, therefore, of interest to develop a predictive tool for malaria patterns based on the current passive and affordable surveillance system in this resource-limited region. | 2016 | 27876041 |
| plasmodium vivax msp-3α polymorphisms: analysis in the indian subcontinent. | plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed human malaria parasite and accounts for approximately the same number of malaria cases as plasmodium falciparum in india. compared with p. falciparum, p. vivax is difficult to eradicate because of its tendency to cause relapses, which impacts treatment and control strategies. the genetic diversity of these parasites, particularly of the merozoite surface protein-3 alpha (msp-3α) gene, can be used to help develop a potential vaccine. the present stu ... | 2016 | 27663527 |
| an experimental hut evaluation of olyset plus, a long-lasting insecticidal net treated with a mixture of permethrin and piperonyl butoxide, against anopheles fluviatilis in odisha state, india. | fast development of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors prompted the development of new vector control tools including combination of insecticides with different modes of action as part of resistance management strategies. olyset plus® is a new long-lasting insecticidal net, in which, permethrin and a synergist, piperonyl butoxide (pbo), are incorporated into filaments. mixture nets such as this may have application against resistant mosquitoes, particularly those whose resistance is based ... | 2016 | 27439398 |
| insecticide resistance in areas under investigation by the international centers of excellence for malaria research: a challenge for malaria control and elimination. | scale-up of the main vector control interventions, residual insecticides sprayed on walls or structures and/or impregnated in bed nets, together with prompt diagnosis and effective treatment, have led to a global reduction in malaria transmission. however, resistance in vectors to almost all classes of insecticides, particularly to the synthetic pyrethroids, is posing a challenge to the recent trend of declining malaria. ten international centers of excellence for malaria research (icemr) locate ... | 2015 | 26259947 |
| entomological monitoring and evaluation: diverse transmission settings of icemr projects will require local and regional malaria elimination strategies. | the unprecedented global efforts for malaria elimination in the past decade have resulted in altered vectorial systems, vector behaviors, and bionomics. these changes combined with increasingly evident heterogeneities in malaria transmission require innovative vector control strategies in addition to the established practices of long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying. integrated vector management will require focal and tailored vector control to achieve malaria elimination. ... | 2015 | 26259942 |
| topographical distribution of anopheline mosquitoes in an area under elimination programme in the south of iran. | malaria is a major vector-borne disease in tropical and sub-tropical countries caused by plasmodium infection. it is one the most important health problem in south and southeast of iran. since iran has recently launched to the elimination phase of malaria and vector control is one of the main strategies for elimination, this study was conducted to determine the topographical distribution of malaria vectors in minab county, one of the important malaria endemic areas in south of iran. | 2015 | 26148647 |
| species composition and seasonal activities of malaria vectors in an area at reintroduction prevention stage, khuzestan, south-western iran. | the most part of iran become malaria-free region and fall in prevention of re-introduction stage. these regions however are struggling with imported of malaria cases where malaria vectors exist. therefore, understanding the situation of mosquito vectors is crucial. this study was carried out to find out the present situation of malaria vectors and malaria transmission potential in a malaria-free area. | 2014 | 26114144 |
| analyzing mosquito (diptera: culicidae) diversity in pakistan by dna barcoding. | although they are important disease vectors mosquito biodiversity in pakistan is poorly known. recent epidemics of dengue fever have revealed the need for more detailed understanding of the diversity and distributions of mosquito species in this region. dna barcoding improves the accuracy of mosquito inventories because morphological differences between many species are subtle, leading to misidentifications. | 2014 | 24827460 |
| the ecology and larval habitats characteristics of anopheline mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in aligudarz county (luristan province, western iran). | to determine ecology and characteristics of the larval habitats of the genus anopheles (dipetra: culicidae) in aligudarz county, western iran. | 0 | 25183088 |
| characterization of larval habitats for anopheline mosquitoes in a malarious area under elimination program in the southeast of iran. | to determine the effects of environmental characteristics of larval habitats on distribution and abundance of anopheline mosquitoes in bashagard county, a malarious area in southeast of iran. | 0 | 25183151 |
| molecular characterization, biological forms and sporozoite rate of anopheles stephensi in southern iran. | to identify the biological forms, sporozoite rate and molecular characterization of the anopheles stephensi (an. stephensi) in hormozgan and sistan-baluchistan provinces, the most important malarious areas in iran. | 0 | 24144130 |
| some ecological attributes of malarial vector anopheles superpictus grassi in endemic foci in southeastern iran. | to determine the bionomics and susceptibility status of the malarial vector anopheles superpictus (an. superpictus) to different insecticides in the sistan-baluchestan province which has the highest malarial prevalence in iran. | 0 | 24093794 |
| the malaria transition on the arabian peninsula: progress toward a malaria-free region between 1960-2010. | the transmission of malaria across the arabian peninsula is governed by the diversity of dominant vectors and extreme aridity. it is likely that where malaria transmission was historically possible it was intense and led to a high disease burden. here, we review the speed of elimination, approaches taken, define the shrinking map of risk since 1960 and discuss the threats posed to a malaria-free arabian peninsula using the archive material, case data and published works. from as early as the 194 ... | 0 | 23548086 |
| epidemiology of imported malaria in the mediterranean region. | malaria is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of our time, causing 655 000 deaths during 2010 (who), most of them in sub-saharan africa and under the age of 5. during the last few years an increasing number of imported malaria cases is reported in europe and mediterranean countries, probably supported by the increasing number of international travel in association with the important influx of immigrants from malaria-endemic countries. moreover, the presence of anopheline vectors in m ... | 2012 | 22708046 |
| malaria in south asia: prevalence and control. | the "malaria evolution in south asia" (mesa) program project is an international center of excellence for malaria research (icemr) sponsored by the us national institutes of health. this us-india collaborative program will study the origin of genetic diversity of malaria parasites and their selection on the indian subcontinent. this knowledge should contribute to a better understanding of unexpected disease outbreaks and unpredictable disease presentations from plasmodium falciparum and plasmodi ... | 2012 | 22248528 |
| evidence for a useful life of more than three years for a polyester-based long-lasting insecticidal mosquito net in western uganda. | long-lasting insecticidal nets (llin) are now standard for the prevention of malaria. however, only products with recommendation for public use from the world health organization should be used and this evaluation includes the assessment of net effectiveness after three years of field use. results for one of the polyester-based products, interceptor is presented. | 2011 | 21992483 |
| mosquito vector biting and community protection in a malarious area, siahoo district, hormozgan, iran. | use of bed-net continues to offer potential strategy for malaria prevention in endemic areas. local communities are indispensable during design and implementation stages. | 2010 | 22808398 |
| malaria situation analysis and stratification in bandar abbas county, southern iran, 2004-2008. | the aim of this study was that the past five years data were collected to analyze the situation of malaria and health facilities in this area for better understanding malaria problem and to find solutions. | 2010 | 22808386 |
| salivary gland proteome during adult development and after blood feeding of female anopheles dissidens mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | understanding changes in mosquito salivary proteins during the time that sporozoite maturation occurs and after blood feeding may give information regarding the roles of salivary proteins during the malarial transmission. anopheles dissidens (formerly anopheles barbirostris species a1) is a potential vector of plasmodium vivax in thailand. in this study, analyses of the proteomic profiles of female an. dissidens salivary glands during adult development and after blood feeding were carried out us ... | 2016 | 27669021 |
| overhead tank is the potential breeding habitat of anopheles stephensi in an urban transmission setting of chennai, india. | wells and overhead tanks (oht) are the major breeding sources of the local malaria vector, anopheles stephensi in the indian city of chennai; they play a significant role in vector breeding, and transmission of urban malaria. many other man-made breeding habitats, such as cemented cisterns/containers, barrels or drums, sumps or underground tanks, and plastic pots/containers are maintained to supplement water needs, temporarily resulting in enhanced mosquito/vector breeding. correlating breeding ... | 2016 | 27169513 |
| anopheles culicifacies breeding in polluted water bodies in trincomalee district of sri lanka. | anopheles culicifacies, the major vector of malaria in sri lanka, is known to breed in clean and clear water. the main objective of the study was to detect the breeding habitat diversity of an. culicifacies. | 2013 | 23958454 |
| existence of the rdl mutant alleles among the anopheles malaria vector in indonesia. | the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptor-chloride channel complex is known to be the target site of dieldrin, a cyclodiene insecticide. gaba-receptors, with a naturally occurring amino acid substitution, a302s/g in the putative ion-channel lining region, confer resistance to cyclodiene insecticides that includes aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, heptachlor, endrin and endosulphan. | 2012 | 22364613 |
| susceptibility status of anopheles arabiensis (diptera: culicidae) commonly used as biological materials for evaluations of malaria vector control tools in madagascar. | madagascar is a malaria-endemic country with an increase in cases in recent years. in vector control using insecticide, a susceptible strain is necessary to evaluate insecticide efficacy, either for spraying or on nets. the susceptibility of anopheles arabiensis from antananarivo, madagascar to two organophosphate, three pyrethroid, two carbamate, and one organochlorine insecticides was investigated. since 2010, an. arabiensis strain has been maintained away from insecticide source during 110 ge ... | 2016 | 27364163 |
| discovery and evolution of bunyavirids in arctic phantom midges and ancient bunyavirid-like sequences in insect genomes. | bunyaviridae is a large family of rna viruses chiefly comprised of vertebrate and plant pathogens. we discovered novel bunyavirids that are approximately equally divergent from each of the five known genera. we characterized novel genome sequences for two bunyavirids, namely, kigluaik phantom virus (kigv), from tundra-native phantom midges (chaoborus), and nome phantom virus (nomv), from tundra-invading phantom midges, and demonstrated that these bunyavirid-like sequences belong to an infectious ... | 2014 | 24850747 |
| pirna pathway gene expression in the malaria vector mosquito anopheles stephensi. | the ability of transposons to mobilize to new places in a genome enables them to introgress rapidly into populations. the pirna pathway has been characterized recently in the germ line of the fruit fly, drosophila melanogaster, and is responsible for downregulating transposon mobility. transposons have been used as tools in mosquitoes to genetically transform a number of species including anopheles stephensi, a vector of human malaria. these mobile genetic elements also have been proposed as too ... | 2014 | 24947897 |
| tackling the malaria problem in the south-east asia region: need for a change in policy? | malaria is largely neglected in the south-east asia region (sear), although it has the highest number of people susceptible to the disease. malaria in the sear exhibits special epidemiological characteristics such as "forest malaria" and malaria due to migration across international borders. the greater mekong subregion (gms) has been a focal-point for the emergence of drug resistant malaria. with the recent emergence of artemisinin resistance, coupled with the limited availability of insecticid ... | 0 | 23481050 |
| the vector population monitoring tool (vpmt): high-throughput dna-based diagnostics for the monitoring of mosquito vector populations. | regular monitoring of mosquito vector populations is an integral component of most vector control programmes. contemporary data on mosquito species composition, infection status, and resistance to insecticides are a prerequisite for effective intervention. for this purpose we, with funding from the innovative vector control consortium (ivcc), have developed a suite of high-throughput assays based on a single "closed-tube" platform that collectively comprise the "vector population monitoring tool ... | 2010 | 22347668 |