| activity of recombinant tumor necrosis factor on toxoplasma gondii and trypanosoma cruzi. | activated macrophages produce tumor necrosis factor (tnf), a cytokine with anti-tumor and anti-plasmodia activities. this study revealed that recombinant tnf (rtnf) inhibits intracellular multiplication of blood trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi in murine peritoneal macrophages. rtnf did not have any apparent direct effect on the survival of extracellular t. cruzi or on its ability to infect mammalian cells. the degree of inhibition of the intracellular multiplication of t. cruzi was found to ... | 1986 | 3525677 |
| toxoplasma gondii antibodies in cats: detection by indirect hemagglutination and indirect fluorescent antibody tests. | | 1986 | 3525796 |
| serodiagnosis of human g and m immunoglobulins to toxoplasma gondii by elisa using whole tachyzoites as antigens: a comparative study with the indirect haemagglutination (iha) and immunofluorescence (ifa) tests. | an indirect elisa using whole tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii fixed onto the bottom of microtiter plate wells is described for detection of specific g and m anti-toxoplasma antibodies. elisa results were compared with those of ifa and iha tests. similarity of antigens (cell surface) involved in elisa and ifa permits high correlation between the two tests (r = 0.84-0.93, p less than 0.001) and results in good accordance for negative sera. as elisa offers several advantages over the classical ifa ... | 1986 | 3526106 |
| analysis of toxoplasma gondii antigens recognized by human sera obtained before and after acute infection. | the antibody response to toxoplasma gondii was studied in human serum samples obtained before and during acute infection with t. gondii. analysis was by the sabin-feldman dye test, double-sandwich igm elisa, agglutination test, and protein blots of toxoplasma antigens. seventeen patients were studied: 12 pregnant women, 2 heart transplant recipients, and 3 symptomatic but immunologically normal individuals. both igm and igg protein blots of the first serologically positive serum sample from each ... | 1986 | 3528317 |
| cerebral toxoplasmosis after renal transplantation. case report. | a 19-year-old immunosuppressed male patient, after renal transplantation, developed at the 10th postoperative day (p.d.) fever, anemia hepatosplenomegaly and plaquetopenia; this condition deteriorated progressively and was complicated by drowsiness and generalized convulsions which persisted until the death at the 29th p.d. autopsy revealed acute encephalitis characterized by multiple disseminated small lesions in the brain, containing cysts and trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii. the diagnosis w ... | 1986 | 3529064 |
| [toxoplasmosis after bone marrow transplantation]. | an opportunistic infection with toxoplasma gondii is a rare complication in the immunocompromised host following bone marrow transplantation. in addition to the variability in the clinical picture, difficulty in interpretation of the antibody titers is one of the main obstacles limiting early diagnosis of manifest toxoplasmosis. this report deals with 3 patients out of 86 bone marrow transplant recipients who had manifest toxoplasmosis mainly affecting the central nervous system and cardiac musc ... | 1986 | 3533761 |
| rapid double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of human immunoglobulin m anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies. | the double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been compared with the indirect fluorescence assay for the detection of immunoglobulin m antibodies against toxoplasma gondii in humans. incubation times have been shortened, permitting the test to be completed within 2 h. the double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is confirmed to be more sensitive and more specific than the immunofluorescence assay. | 1986 | 3533987 |
| [toxoplasma gondii (nicolle and manceaux, 1909)]. | | 1986 | 3535705 |
| dynamic and ultrastructural studies of in vitro interaction between toxoplasma gondii and cultured cell lines. ii. intracellular replication. | this study deals with toxoplasma gondii internal budding in continuous cellular lines. the stages of this process are described with phase contrast microscopy. results are assessed in the light of ultrastructural considerations and events are studied with quantitative statistical analysis to define new parameters of cellular growth. | 1986 | 3535836 |
| demonstration of immunoglobulin m class antibodies to toxoplasma gondii antigenic component p35000 by enzyme-linked antigen immunosorbent assay. | on the basis that 89% of 48 acute-phase toxoplasmosis patients showed immunoglobulin m (igm) class antibodies to the 35,000-molecular-weight antigenic component (p35000) of toxoplasma gondii, as demonstrated by igm immunoblotting, the antigen was purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation and enzyme labeled for use in an enzyme-linked antigen immunosorbent assay (ela) for the demonstration of igm class antibodies to the p35000 component. the ela showed a specificity of 96% with 139 serum specim ... | 1986 | 3536996 |
| toxoplasma antigens recognized by naturally occurring human antibodies. | sera of most adults have high agglutination test titers to toxoplasma gondii whether or not the adults have other serological evidence of the infection. this finding has been attributed to the presence of naturally occurring antibodies to t. gondii. consistent with this observation, we have recently noted that protein blots (pb) of sera of individuals not previously infected with t. gondii had immunoglobulin g (igg) and igm antibodies to antigens of the parasite. to further define the antigens r ... | 1986 | 3536997 |
| activity of recombinant tumor necrosis factor on toxoplasma gondii and trypanosoma cruzi. | | 1987 | 3537129 |
| interlaboratory evaluation of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunoblotting for detection of immunoglobulin m antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. | one hundred and fifteen serum samples from healthy laboratory personnel and 50 consecutive samples from 19 patients with anamnestic clinical signs of toxoplasmosis were assayed by four laboratories for the presence of immunoglobulin m antibodies to toxoplasma gondii by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), an antibody capture assay with peroxidase-labeled toxoplasma antigen, and an immunoblotting assay. in addition, a commercially available antibody capture elisa was used. highl ... | 1987 | 3539982 |
| pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii infections in patients with aids. | pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii are the commonest protozoans causing infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). p. carinii is almost exclusively a pulmonary pathogen and caused the commonest serious infection experienced by aids patients. the clinical findings are those of progressive pneumonia. diagnosis requires microscopic examination of lower respiratory secretions or lung tissue. pentamidine or combinations of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are equa ... | 1986 | 3541120 |
| ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal ascites and toxoplasmosis. | the ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal ascites caused by toxoplasma gondii is presented. when a diagnosis of fetal ascites without obvious etiological malformation is established, toxoplasmosis should be suspected. a serological test should be performed, in view of the possibility of antenatal treatment of the fetus. | 1986 | 3541487 |
| serological cross-reactivity between hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii in experimentally inoculated sheep. | | 1986 | 3541885 |
| detection of toxoplasma gondii in the spinal fluid of a bone marrow transplant recipient. | | 1987 | 3547294 |
| serology of experimental toxoplasmosis in pregnant ewes and their foetuses. | ewes were inoculated orally with 1500 toxoplasma gondii oocysts at 6 to 14 weeks of pregnancy. abortions occurred at 26 to 55 days after inoculation, and maternal serum t. gondii antibody titres did not peak/plateau until 20 to 103 days after inoculation, usually after abortion occurred. serums or body fluids from unautolysed foetuses aborted at 35 days or more after maternal inoculation, contained significant levels of toxoplasma antibodies as determined by the indirect fluorescent-antibody tes ... | 1986 | 3548688 |
| [toxoplasma gondii in haiti. results of a sero-epidemiologic survey in a rural area]. | in haiti, positive immunofluorescent tests are observed in 5.9% of the inhabitants of a rural area in the south of the country. the index of positive reactions is increasing with age. no difference between males and females is noticed. seropositive cases are clustered within defined families for 60% of them. the antibodies titers are low: 8 i. u. for 88% of cases. the prevalence of toxoplasmosis varies from 0 to 15%, according to the village, without any clear relationship with rainfall, altitud ... | 1986 | 3549023 |
| a review of toxoplasmosis in cattle. | worldwide reports of natural and experimentally-induced toxoplasma gondii infections in cattle are reviewed and tabulated. serologic tests employed in most studies in the past are of suboptimal sensitivity for the diagnosis of t. gondii infection in cattle; therefore data need to be interpreted with caution. from the evidence available it is concluded that: t. gondii is probably not important in causing abortion or clinical illness in cattle but further experimental studies are desirable; t. gon ... | 1986 | 3551316 |
| immunohistochemical diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in fetuses and fetal membranes of sheep. | a peroxidase antiperoxidase technique was developed for visualizing intact toxoplasma gondii and its antigenic residues in sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from fetal membranes recovered from ewes with induced toxoplasmosis. the peroxidase antiperoxidase method was specific and sensitive, allowing the detection of t gondii antigen even in severely decomposed tissues. toxoplasma gondii infection was most commonly demonstrated in the cotyledons, heart, lungs, brain, and skelet ... | 1987 | 3551698 |
| serodiagnosis of new world leishmaniasis by using a genus-specific antigen in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. | a genus-specific monoclonal antibody (83l-5g9), generated against promastigotes of leishmania braziliensis panamensis (wrair-470), has been used as a ligand in immunochromatography columns for the recovery and purification of the genus-specific antigen. when the purified polypeptide, actually a doublet comprised of a 58 kd and a 31 kd moiety, was used as the antigen in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (elisa), it was reactive with 36 of 85 sera from leishmania patients and with 1 of 49 sera fr ... | 1987 | 3552391 |
| detection of circulating antigens in immunocompromised patients during reactivation of chronic toxoplasmosis. | one hundred and fifteen sera from nineteen patients undergoing bone marrow transplant and four recipients of kidney transplant who showed serological or clinical reactivation of chronic toxoplasmosis were tested for toxoplasma gondii circulating antigen (tca) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using antitoxoplasma igg antibody coupled to alkaline phosphatase. seven bone marrow transplant patients and one kidney transplant recipient were tca positive either before or at the time of antitoxoplas ... | 1987 | 3552664 |
| thymocyte-dependent immunity to toxoplasmosis in the normal and immunocompromised guinea-pig host. | guinea-pigs made t-cell deficient by thymectomy and irradiation, and protected with syngeneic bone marrow cells (txb) have a greatly reduced capacity to express normal cell-mediated immune functions, based on their poor responses to t-cell mitogens, prolonged acceptance of skin allografts, and susceptibility to the lethal effects of graft-versus-host disease. further evidence for impaired t-cell activity in txb guinea pigs was based on their inability to be fully sensitized to mycobacterial anti ... | 1987 | 3554118 |
| presence of high concentrations of circulating toxoplasma antigens during acute toxoplasma infection in athymic nude mice. | in mice infected with an avirulent strain of toxoplasma gondii, circulating toxoplasma antigens were detectable in the sera during weeks 1 to 3 of infection by a simple agglutination test that uses latex particles coated with anti-toxoplasma antibodies. an infection in athymic nude mice resulted in high agglutination titers in the anti-toxoplasma antibody-coated latex particle test and the absence of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in sera during the acute phase, suggesting that the detection of circ ... | 1987 | 3557618 |
| specific and nonspecific mediation of protective immunity to toxoplasma gondii. | we studied the specificity of protection conferred by toxoplasma gondii immune lymphocytes and their supernatants on infected hamster kidney cells, using besnoitia jellisoni immune lymphocytes as a nonspecific control. the intracellular growth of the organisms was measured by [3h]uracil incorporation, and inhibition of multiplication was used as a measurement of immunity. although the immune lymphocytes restricted principally the multiplication of homologous organisms, partial protection, expres ... | 1987 | 3557619 |
| epidemiologic observations on infection with toxoplasma gondii in three species of urban mammals from baltimore, maryland, usa. | the prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii was determined in three species of domestic and commensal mammals, from baltimore, maryland, usa. crude prevalences of infection were 14.5% in cats (n = 650), 32.2% in dogs (n = 233), and 49.5% in norway rats (n = 109). oocysts identical to t. gondii were detected in 0.5% of cat feces. cats and rats showed antibody prevalence rates which were strongly age-(or some age-related variable) dependent, with the highest rates associated with older anima ... | 1986 | 3557837 |
| public health laboratory service enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detecting toxoplasma specific igm antibody. | an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on the antibody class capture method for the detection of specific igm against toxoplasma gondii, using the microtitre plate format, was developed. antigen binding was detected using a monoclonal antibody, cie3, conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. prior mixing of the conjugate and antigen improved the stability of these reagents as well as removing an incubation stage from the assay. the incubation time of less than four hours permits a rapid ... | 1987 | 3558860 |
| toxoplasma gondii cysts in placentas of experimentally infected sheep. | to determine the presence of tissue cysts in ovine placentas, 6 ewes were inoculated orally with 10,000 toxoplasma gondii oocysts at 60 days of gestation. the ewes were euthanatized and necropsied 21, 52, 56, 57, 57, and 62 days after t gondii inoculation, and placental cotyledons from each ewe were collected and homogenized. to distinguish between the presence of tachyzoites that are killed by acid pepsin solution and bradyzoites (from cysts) unaffected by this solution, a portion of each homog ... | 1987 | 3565888 |
| toxoplasma gondii encephalitis in an immunocompetent adult. a case report. | a healthy young adult with no evidence of immunosuppression presented with a diffuse encephalopathy considered to be due to toxoplasma gondii. a marked eosinophilia as well as an anamnestic reaction to a previous parasitic infestation was present. the clinical picture and abnormalities on computed tomography were in keeping with the diagnosis, which was supported by serological tests. treatment with pyrimethamine and sulphadiazine was effective and there were negligible sequelae. | 1987 | 3576408 |
| [comparative evaluation of the commercial sevatest elisa immunoenzyme set and other serological tests for detecting toxoplasma gondii antibodies]. | this work analyzes the results of 4 serologic tests used for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis: the complement fixation (cft), indirect immunofluorescence (iif), passive hemagglutination (phat) tests, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the last-mentioned one was made with the use of the commercial kits sevatest elisa igg/toxo micro i. the results of elisa were in good correlation with those yielded by the traditional tests: 70% coincidence with cft, 80% with iif, 84% with phat; besi ... | 1987 | 3577498 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in meat animals, cats and dogs in central scotland. | | 1987 | 3580823 |
| cytoskeleton of toxoplasma gondii. | the cytoskeleton of toxoplasma gondii was studied by electron microscopy using whole mounts of detergent-extracted parasites and thin sections of routine preparations, tannic acid-stained organisms, and detergent-extracted parasites. in whole mounts, the spiral arrangement of the 22 pellicular microtubules closely corresponded to the pattern of surface ridges seen previously by scanning electron microscopy and reflected the torsion of the parasite body during locomotion. the microtubules had fre ... | 1987 | 3585817 |
| fatal neonatal toxoplasmosis in a bobcat (lynx rufus). | toxoplasma gondii was found in tissues of a captive 1-week-old bobcat (lynx rufus) that died of myocarditis, hepatitis and encephalitis. although infection is common in wild felidae, clinical toxoplasmosis is rarely seen. in this case, the infection was apparently congenitally acquired. | 1987 | 3586212 |
| pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta and acquired toxoplasmosis. | a patient presented with a typical pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (pleva) and disclosed serological evidence of an active and recent toxoplasmosis. specific treatment of toxoplasmosis promptly and definitively resolved pleva lesions. serological tests for toxoplasma gondii should be performed in all pleva patients. | 1987 | 3609416 |
| detection of toxoplasma igm antibody by passive latex agglutination reaction. | three major components (designated sp-1, -2 and -3) of the microsomal pellet of toxoplasma gondii (tp) were isolated by ultragel aca 44 gel filtration chromatography from the microsomal pellet solubilized with detergents. of these, sp-2 proved to be most reactive with anti-tp antibodies and its reactivity with igm and igg antibodies varied with the concentration at which it was used for sensitizing latex particles. sp-2 antigen reacted with igm antibody alone when latex particles were sensitized ... | 1987 | 3611796 |
| [morphologic and cytochemical differences between cystic and proliferative forms of toxoplasma gondii]. | | 1987 | 3621002 |
| serological responses of equids fed toxoplasma gondii oocysts. | | 1987 | 3622463 |
| hydrocephalus: an unusual ct presentation of cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | we describe a case of central nervous system (cns) toxoplasmosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). supratentorial hydrocephalus as a result of aqueductal collapse was the only abnormal finding on computed tomography scan. toxoplasma gondii is the most common pathogen organism in high-risk aids's patients with involvement of the cns. | 1987 | 3622583 |
| isolation and characterization of a monoclonal anti-p30 antibody resistant mutant of toxoplasma gondii. | of the possible iodine-labelled toxoplasma gondii surface proteins, p30 (apparent mr 30,000) is the principal one recognized by acute and convalescent anti-toxoplasma sera. this protein which comprises from 3 to 5% of the total parasite protein was used to raise a panel of parasiticidal monoclonal anti-p30 antibodies. one of these monoclonal antibodies was able to select a resistant mutant from a large population of chemically mutagenized wild-type p strain parasites. this mutant retained the wi ... | 1987 | 3627825 |
| quantitative comparison of infection of neural cell and fibroblast monolayers by two strains of toxoplasma gondii. | disease caused by the coccidian toxoplasma gondii can be confined to the central nervous system, although the parasite is capable of infecting all organ systems. to determine whether neural cells are differentially susceptible to infection and destruction by t. gondii, infection of neonatal mouse brain monolayers was compared to infection of human fibroblast monolayers under the same conditions with equal inocula of two parasite strains. in preliminary experiments there was no difference in tota ... | 1987 | 3628254 |
| serodiagnosis of postnatally and prenatally induced toxoplasmosis in sheep. | nineteen pregnant (45 to 90 days of gestation) and 9 nonpregnant ewes were inoculated orally with 1,000 or 10,000 oocysts of toxoplasma gondii. pregnant ewes were euthanatized at days 14 (2 ewes), 21 (1 ewe), 23 (1 ewe), 28 (2 ewes), 35 to 42 (6 ewes), and 49 to 62 (6 ewes), and antibody titers in fetal and maternal sera were assayed, using the modified agglutination, latex agglutination, indirect hemagglutination, and dye tests. although all ewes developed antibody titers of greater than or equ ... | 1987 | 3631714 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies in an elisa to detect igm class antibodies specific for toxoplasma gondii. | two monoclonal antibodies ch6 and c1e3 were used in an antibody class capture assay for the detection of igm antibodies specific for toxoplasma gondii. ch6 was used on the solid phase to capture human igm. after a toxoplasma gondii antigen had been added, specifically bound material was detected using c1e3 coupled to horseradish peroxidase. the assay was compared with an established system using polyclonal antisera at both the capture and antigen detection stages. a good correlation was found, w ... | 1987 | 3654986 |
| effects of extracellular potassium on acid release and motility initiation in toxoplasma gondii. | the internal ph (phi) of toxoplasma gondii was estimated by measuring the accumulation of the weak base 9-aminoacridine in buffers with various ionic compositions. the phi of the metabolizing parasite increased when the extracellular k+ was elevated in alkaline medium or when the external ph (phe) was substantially increased in medium employing high external k+ (90 mm). the parasite in mouse peritoneal fluid, or in potassium sulfate buffer (ph 8.2), where the phi was demonstrated to be increased ... | 1987 | 3656217 |
| modification of growth rate of toxoplasma gondii by continuous passage in immune mice. | growth of the rh strain of toxoplasma gondii, is suppressed in mice immunized with toxoplasma antigens. at the second passage, the growth of t. gondii harvested from immune mice is suppressed more strongly in immune mice than that of t. gondii from control mice. after 52 passages in immune mice, the growth of t. gondii was still suppressed in immune mice than in control mice. t. gondii did not possess ability of antigenic variation (pfefferkorn et al., 1983). after vaccination with the s-273 str ... | 1987 | 3660982 |
| effect of roxithromycin on acute toxoplasmosis in mice. | roxithromycin effectively treated acute peritoneal murine toxoplasmosis. after five doses, starting 24 h after challenge, the 100 and 50% survival doses were 540 and 336 mg/kg per day, respectively. after 14 doses, starting 3 h after challenge, the 50% survival dose was 360 mg/kg per day. toxoplasma gondii was recovered from the brain in 59 and 28% of surviving mice treated with 5 and 14 doses, respectively. | 1987 | 3662475 |
| parasitic infections in yakima indians. | two hundred and five yakima indians (age range: one to 66 years) were examined for parasitic infections, and various environmental exposures to infection. a questionnaire was completed by each participant and an anal swab, blood specimens and a single faecal sample were obtained. eight of 181 swabs (4.4%) contained eggs of enterobius vermicularis. of 89 faecal specimens submitted, 12 (13.5%) and 1 (1.1%) respectively contained giardia lamblia and cryptosporidium. sera were screened for antibodie ... | 1987 | 3662670 |
| in vivo and in vitro activity of roxithromycin against toxoplasma gondii in mice. | roxithromycin protected mice against a lethal infection with the extremely virulent rh strain and the c56 strain of toxoplasma gondii. therapy initiated 2 h after infection with 2 x 10(3) or 2 x 10(4) rh or c56 tachyzoites protected more than 80% of the mice, compared with 0% of untreated controls (p less than 0.001). paradoxically, toxoplasma gondii was isolated more frequently (greater than 80%) in treated mice surviving infection with the less virulent strain (c56) than those surviving infect ... | 1987 | 3665901 |
| toxoplasma gondii antigens recognized by sequential samples of serum obtained from congenitally infected infants. | the sabin-feldman dye test, the immunoglobulin m (igm) immunosorbent agglutination assay, and the immunoblot technique were used to study the evolution of the antibody response to toxoplasma gondii and to examine antigens of the organism recognized by antibodies in the sera of 12 congenitally infected infants and 7 mothers. in the sera of eight infants, a significant rise was noted in the dye test titers, while the serum of only one infant demonstrated a late increase in the igm immunosorbent ag ... | 1987 | 3667913 |
| rat macrophage activity against toxoplasma gondii studied by electron microscopy. | an electron microscope model was used to study the effect of rat peritoneal macrophages on toxoplasma gondii. 10(7) tachyzoites were injected i.p. in 30 days-old rats. after 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h peritoneal exudate was withdrawn and infected phagocytic cells were prepared for electronic microscope studies. toxoplasma organisms inside of rat macrophages showed remarkable lesions such as vacuolization and organisms were totally lysed inside of macrophages of more than 8 h infection rats. the results ... | 1986 | 3671808 |
| prevalence of chlamydia, toxoplasma, toxocara and ringworm in farm cats in south-west england. | the prevalence of infection with chlamydia psittaci, toxoplasma gondii, toxocara cati and microsporum canis was examined in 51 cats on 22 sheep farms in the bristol area. serum antibody to c psittaci and t gondii was present in 45 per cent and 47 per cent of cats, respectively. at the time of sampling c psittaci was isolated from 6 per cent of the cats, t cati was identified in 63 per cent of faecal samples but neither t gondii nor m canis was isolated. when examined according to the farm of ori ... | 1987 | 3672827 |
| a pregnant woman with a high level of naturally occurring immunoglobulin m antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. | a pregnant woman diagnosed as positive for immunoglobulin m antibodies to toxoplasma gondii did not have a subsequent rise of specific immunoglobulin g antibodies until delivery. the antibodies were therefore considered as naturally occurring immunoglobulin m antibodies. the baby was completely normal without any clinical and serologic signs suggestive of congenital toxoplasmosis. | 1987 | 3674154 |
| low prevalence of toxoplasma infection in a rocky mountain prenatal population. | congenital toxoplasmosis is rarely diagnosed in colorado. to better determine whether this was the result of under-reporting or a valid observation, the sera of 120 consecutive prenatal patients from a lower-income clinic population were tested for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. four of the patients had positive sabin-feldman dye tests, for a 3% incidence of past infection. none had immunoglobulin m (igm) antibody. this rate is considerably lower than that in other populations, perhaps because ... | 1987 | 3684127 |
| secretion by toxoplasma gondii of an antigen that appears to become associated with the parasitophorous vacuole membrane upon invasion of the host cell. | monoclonal antibodies against toxoplasma gondii were prepared to characterize antigens of the parasite. immunoperoxidase staining of parasites fixed with paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde (pfaga) followed by triton x-100 treatment showed that the antibody of clone i-63 recognized an antigen located in the anterior part of the parasite. when analysed by sds-page and immunoblotting, the antigen migrated in a 66 x 10(3) mr region. the parasite antigen diminished greatly in parasites after invasio ... | 1987 | 3693424 |
| epizootiologic investigations on a sheep farm with toxoplasma gondii-induced abortions. | during the lambing season of 1983/1984, 8 of 44 purebred hampshire ewes on a farm in knoxville, md had reproductive problems. in at least 4 of these ewes, the problem was attributed to toxoplasmosis. necrosis and toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were found in placental specimens from 3 ewes. agglutinating antibody to t gondii, at a titer of 1:80, was found in pleural fluids of both fetuses aborted from 1 ewe; this ewe had an antibody titer of 1:6,400 at the time of abortion. in another ewe, the dia ... | 1986 | 3700210 |
| toxoplasma gondii-induced abortion in dairy goats. | three of 8 goats on a maryland farm aborted or had dystocia associated with toxoplasmosis during the winter of 1984. doe 1 aborted a decomposed fetus 30 days before term. modified agglutination test (mat) antibody titers against toxoplasma gondii were found in pleural fluid of the fetus (1:1,024) and in serum of doe (1:4,096 at 31 days after abortion). doe 2 aborted a fetus 5 days before term; mat antibody was found in the pleural fluid of the fetus (1:16,384) and in the doe's serum (1:4,096 on ... | 1986 | 3700211 |
| the effects of cyclosporine on toxoplasma gondii in vivo and in vitro. | we examined the effect of cyclosporine on toxoplasma infection in vivo and in vitro. administration to mice of 150 mg/kg/day cyclosporine variably affected mortality in four separate experiments. igg (sabin-feldman dye test) and igm enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody titers were significantly depressed in mice treated with cyclosporine. these results suggested the possibility that cyclosporine possesses anti-toxoplasma activity. thus, macrophages were incubated with cyclosporine before a ... | 1986 | 3705159 |
| distribution of toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts in commercial cuts of pork. | distribution of toxoplasma gondii cysts in tissues used for human consumption was studied in 4 naturally infected pigs (acquired infections) and in 2 experimentally infected pigs. on the day of euthanasia, pigs with acquired toxoplasmosis had serum antibody titers of 160 to 1,280 against t gondii (modified agglutination test). experimentally infected pigs were inoculated with 10,000 oocysts of the gt-1 strain of t gondii and were euthanatized 267 or 357 days after inoculation. on the day of euth ... | 1986 | 3710886 |
| superoxide dismutase and catalase in toxoplasma gondii. | catalase and superoxide dismutase detected in both rh and c strain toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were distinctly different in electrophoretic mobility from host cell enzymes. catalase and superoxide dismutase activity levels were similar in both toxoplasma strains and showed narrow ph optima around 8.0. toxoplasma superoxide dismutase was resistant to cyanide but inhibited by azide or peroxide, consistent with an iron-containing enzyme typical of protozoan parasites. these enzymes may play a rol ... | 1986 | 3713745 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in southern louisiana swine in 1980 and 1981. | sera from 1,219 pigs slaughtered in southern louisiana in 1980 and 1981 were tested, using the indirect hemagglutination test and microtitration system, for toxoplasma gondii antibodies; 19.19% had titers of greater than or equal to 1:64. pigs slaughtered in the colder months, november to march, had significantly higher seroprevalences than did pigs slaughtered in the warmer months. examination of blood samples from 236 sows and gilts on 52 farms revealed a seroprevalence of 24.6%. | 1986 | 3717725 |
| experimental infection of pregnant sheep with toxoplasma gondii: pathological and immunological observations on the placenta and foetus. | the pathogenesis of toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant sheep was investigated. in one experiment, sheep were infected at 40, 60 and 90 days gestation and examined 30 days later, while in a second experiment, pregnant sheep were infected at either 60 or 90 days gestation and examined 10, 15 and 20 days later. by 10 days post infection (dpi), the parasite had invaded the gravid uterus and caused focal damage in the caruncular septa and, by 15 days, the degenerative changes had spread to the c ... | 1986 | 3722475 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii among west african rodent, thryonomys swinderianus from the niger delta. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii among west african rodent, thryonomys swinderianus, was assessed by the sabin-feldman dye-test. all of the 104 animals examined in the study were seropositive for toxoplasma dye-test antibody. this indicates that there exists among these rodents a considerable reservoir of toxoplasma from which infection can be transmitted to man and other animal species in that area. | 1986 | 3722813 |
| the effect of low temperature on the infectivity of toxoplasma gondii cysts in sheep meat. | | 1986 | 3722900 |
| [infections of the central nervous system in malignant hemopathies]. | central nervous system (cns) infections in immunocompromised hosts are often accompanied by subtle disorders because immunosuppression usually decreases the inflammatory response. cns infections in immunocompromised patients are usually caused by organisms different from those found in the general population. the organism causing cns infection in an immunocompromised host can often be predicted if the type of immune abnormality of the patient is known. the common causes of cns infection in immun ... | 1986 | 3726388 |
| [sero-epidemiologic survey of anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies in 125 pregnant women from eastern tabasco state]. | | 1986 | 3730100 |
| epidemiologic findings on a swine farm with enzootic toxoplasmosis. | a farm in illinois had swine with enzootic toxoplasma gondii infections. ninety-five of 99 pigs had antibody against t gondii by the modified agglutination test; modified agglutination test titers were less than 1:10 (4 pigs), 1:10 (15 pigs), 1:20 (12 pigs), 1:40 (10 pigs), 1:80 (20 pigs), 1:160 (11 pigs), 1:320 (12 pigs), 1:640 (9 pigs), and greater than or equal to 1:1,280 (6 pigs). to trace the route of infection, toxoplasma-free pigs were introduced into the farm and were evaluated serologic ... | 1986 | 3733501 |
| antitumor effect of formalin-fixed toxoplasma gondii organisms on el4 lymphoma in toxoplasma-infected mice. | the antitumor effect of formalin-fixed toxoplasma organisms (f-tp) as an immunostimulant on el4 lymphoma was examined in toxoplasma-infected syngeneic female c57b1/6 mice. a potent antitumor effect, a marked suppression of tumor growth, as well as a prolongation of lifespan, was induced by an injection with 10(7) f-tp in a mixture of 2.5 x 10(5) el4 cells. the antitumor effect of f-tp could be observed regardless of the time, route, or dose of infection. the peritoneal exudate cells induced by f ... | 1986 | 3734844 |
| antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in moose (alces alces l.) from alaska. | | 1986 | 3735595 |
| toxoplasma gondii: demonstration of intrinsic peroxidase activity during lacto-peroxidase mediated radioiodination of tachyzoites. | tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii have been radioiodinated under various conditions with or without lactoperoxidase, with glucose oxidase being used to generate hydrogen peroxide. erythrocytes were iodinated simultaneously as a control. in our conditions, tachyzoites were more intensely labelled in the absence of lactoperoxidase. this result can be explained by the existence of an intrinsic peroxidase activity which interfere with the exogenously added enzyme during surface radioiodination. | 1986 | 3742010 |
| in vitro culture of toxoplasma gondii in primary and established cell lines. | | 1986 | 3744672 |
| [toxoplasma gondii: a--mostly--silent companion]. | | 1986 | 3748209 |
| a serological survey of the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dogs and cats in saudi arabia. | the prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in dogs and cats were determined by an indirect haemagglutination (iha) test. 3% of the dogs' sera and 15.2% of that of the cats showed titres diagnostically significant of toxoplasmosis in humans; their possible role in transmission of toxoplasmosis to humans in saudi arabia is discussed. | 1986 | 3750391 |
| testicular toxoplasmosis in two men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | testicular infection due to toxoplasma gondii in two young men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome manifested as a multifocal necrotizing lesion of the testicular parenchyma. at the periphery of the necrotic area were inflammatory infiltrates consisting mainly of eosinophilic leukocytes. the toxoplasma organisms were mainly found within the necrotic seminiferous tubules, where they were identified with periodic acid-schiff or may-grünwald-giemsa stains and by electron microscopy. the his ... | 1986 | 3755328 |
| congenital toxoplasmosis: epidemiologic features and control. | toxoplasmosis is caused by the parasite toxoplasma gondii. it is acquired from undercooked meat or from food or fomites contaminated by cat feces. the disease can be transmitted to the fetus only during maternal parasitemia, which is associated with primary infection. extrapolation from current data suggests that there are 140 to 1400 cases of congenital toxoplasmosis per year in canada and that 70 to 280 of the infants are severely affected at birth; many of the others suffer sequelae later in ... | 1986 | 3756692 |
| isospora (toxoplasma) gondii: induction of sexuality. | the role of the stomach and small intestine of cats and of the parasite's rate of multiplication on induction of sexuality in isospora (toxoplasma) gondii was studied by injecting cats either with free cystozoites or proliferative parasites directly into the intestinal lumen, after laparotomy. oocyst production was similar in cats infected orally with cysts or cystozoites and in cats infected by inoculation into the duodenal lumen with free cystozoites, obtained by either mechanical rupture of b ... | 1986 | 3757068 |
| effects of muramyl dipeptide and trehalose dimycolate on resistance of mice to toxoplasma gondii and acanthamoeba culbertsoni infections. | the effects of synthetic muramyl dipeptide (mdp) and natural trehalose dimycolate (tdm) against parasitic infections by intracellular toxoplasma gondii and free-living acanthamoeba culbertsoni were studied. significant resistance against oral t. gondii infection was induced by intraperitoneal pretreatment with tdm but not with mdp. the protective effect of tdm against t. gondii was corroborated by a significant reduction in the number of cysts in brains of pretreated animals and elevated serum a ... | 1986 | 3759255 |
| activity of roxithromycin (ru 28965), a macrolide, against toxoplasma gondii infection in mice. | roxithromycin (ru 28965), an ether oxime derivative of erythromycin, protected mice against a lethal infection with the virulent rh strain of toxoplasma gondii. therapy begun 24 h before, 2 h after, and 24 h after infection with 2 x 10(3) tachyzoites protected 90, 80, and 50% of the mice, compared with 0% of untreated controls (p less than 0.05 to 0.001). toxoplasma was isolated in less than 20% of surviving roxithromycin-treated mice. | 1986 | 3767344 |
| the seasonal prevalence of the toxoplasma gondii infections in stray cats from urban area studied by parasitological methods. | | 1986 | 3767640 |
| [cultivation of toxoplasma gondii in vitro]. | | 1986 | 3769154 |
| [toxoplasma gondii pneumopathy in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: demonstration of the parasite by bronchioloalveolar lavage]. | toxoplasmosis is an infection frequently observed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. its first manifestations usually are cerebromeningal symptoms, but others may occur. a pulmonary lesion is sometimes present; it is discovered at post-mortem examination in most cases. the authors report a case of pulmonary toxoplasmosis diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage (bal). three points are emphasized: toxoplasmosis of the lung may produce an interstitial pneumonia similar to that of pneu ... | 1986 | 3775177 |
| [acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in an adolescent hemophiliac]. | in an adolescent with hemophilia b, the diagnosis of aids was established in face of cachexia, orodigestive candidiasis, associated with lymphopenia, major decrease in t4/t8 ratio with marked decrease in t helper cells and presence of lav-antibodies. the patient died rapidly from a cerebral infection due to toxoplasma gondii. difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis are discussed. | 1986 | 3778094 |
| dynamic and ultrastructural studies of in vitro interaction between toxoplasma gondii and cultured cell lines. i. adhesion and cellular penetration. | toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that requires an intracellular environment for growth and replication. this study describes the early phase of the interaction between the parasite and its host cell. with the aid of phase contrast microcinematography, it has been possible to observe adhesion to cell membrane, and the closely following intracellular penetration. this report also reviews the ultrastructural and biochemical grounds that could account for the infecting process. | 1986 | 3778657 |
| do protozoa conceal a high potency of nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis present in toxoplasma gondii? | atp hydrolytic activity in whole cell homogenates of some protozoa was assayed in the presence or absence of dithiothreitol. the activities in all protozoan cell homogenates, except toxoplasma gondii, ranged from 0.6 to 32 mumol/mg protein/hr, irrespective of the presence or absence of dithiothreitol. a remarkably higher activity, 11,690 mumol/mg protein/hr, was observed for t. gondii in the presence of dithiothreitol. these results indicate that the higher atp hydrolytic potency observed for t. ... | 1986 | 3780186 |
| toxoplasma gondii in acute and chronic hepatitis. | | 1986 | 3782908 |
| a coprological survey of parasites of wild neotropical felidae. | in conjunction with an ecological study of jaguars in the cockscomb basin of belize, central america, fecal samples from jaguars (panthera onca), jaguarundis (felis yagouaroundi), ocelots (felix pardalis), and pumas (felix concolor) were examined for parasite products (eggs, larvae, and oocysts). of the 45 samples examined, 39 (86.7%) were positive for parasite products, 23 of 25 (92%) jaguar samples were positive, as were all of the puma (4/4) and ocelot (8/8) samples. four of 6 samples from un ... | 1986 | 3783346 |
| [interrelations of a low-virulence strain of toxoplasma gondii and inbred mice during late periods of observation]. | distinct differences in the intensity and dynamics of the infection with cysts of toxoplasms of law virulent (czech) strain of brain of mice of three different pure lines and strainless ones differing in the sensitivity to the agent during a chronic period of infection have been noted. in sensitive mice of akr line the period of formation and growth of cysts as well as the period of their elimination from the brain is longer than in less sensitive ones. in this connection cysts in the brain of t ... | 1986 | 3785970 |
| detection of iga specific for toxoplasmosis in serum and cerebrospinal fluid using a non-enzymatic iga-capture assay. | a non-enzymatic immuno assay was optimized for detection of immunoglobulin a in serum and cerebrospinal fluid specific in acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis. an antihuman iga monoclonal antibody was coated onto a polystyrene to capture total iga. suspensions of toxoplasma gondii were used as a visible antigen. eight hundred specimens (sera, cord blood serum, and cerebrospinal fluid) were tested. these were collected from 300 patients with acquired toxoplasmosis and from 28 children with conge ... | 1986 | 3791840 |
| the ultrastructural pathology of congenital murine toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. part i: the localization and morphology of toxoplasma cysts in the retina. | this study describes the ultrastructural characteristics of retinal parasitization by toxoplasma gondii in a congenital mouse model. forty-two eyes from infected mice, 18-22-weeks-old, and 24 control eyes were initially studied by light microscopy of semithin sections. twenty-six eyes from infected animals and six from the controls were further investigated by transmission electron microscopy. a total of 13 toxoplasma cysts was found in samples of the retinas of six eyes from five infected anima ... | 1986 | 3792458 |
| the ultrastructural pathology of congenital murine toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. part ii: the morphology of the inflammatory changes. | a congenital murine model of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis was employed to study the ultrastructural pathology of retinal parasitization by toxoplasma gondii. forty-two eyes from infected mice (18-22-weeks-old) and 24 eyes from control animals were studied by light microscopy (semithin sections). twenty-six of the eyes from infected animals and six from the control group were subsequently selected for transmission electron microscopy. control tissues showed no significant abnormality. the pathol ... | 1986 | 3792459 |
| sero-epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection in young children in nairobi, kenya. | the exposure of 127 pre-school and young schoolchildren to toxoplasma gondii was investigated by a serological survey of its antibody by means of the passive haemagglutination technique. the significant rise of prevalence of the antibody from 35% in pre-school to 60% in the early school age group suggests that poor sanitary habits and conditions and water shortage in primary schools may cause parasitic infection through contact between children which has not been previously suspected but should ... | 1986 | 3798539 |
| quantitation of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in swine sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for quantitation of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in swine sera. because a commercial anti-swine igg conjugate was directed also against swine igm, the conjugate was absorbed with the igm fraction to eliminate the interference of naturally occurring igm antibodies that appeared consistently in sera collected from slaughtered pigs at an abattoir. the elisa values of 0.2 or more observed in most of the sera successfully decreased to less ... | 1986 | 3805288 |
| murine model of intracerebral toxoplasmosis. | we established a murine model of toxoplasmic encephalitis by using intracerebral inoculation with toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. normal mice survived, but immunosuppressed mice died from progressive disease. in normal mice, necrosis developed at the site of inoculation, surrounded by areas with intense mononuclear inflammation and cyst formation; tachyzoites were not detectable after two weeks. immunosuppressed mice had even-larger areas of tissue destruction, and tachyzoites were always detecta ... | 1987 | 3805777 |
| population studies showing cross-reactivity of toxoplasma gondii antibodies with antibodies to malignant cervical tissue antigens. | antibody inhibition studies have established that ethanol-soluble extracts prepared from a pool of malignant cervical tissues contained substances capable of reacting with antibodies specific for toxoplasma gondii and malignant tissue factors. extracts from normal cervical tissue did not possess toxoplasma or malignant tissue antigens. antibodies to malignant cervical tissue extract could be detected singly or in combination with toxoplasma antibodies. the overall incidence of antibodies to mali ... | 1987 | 3810351 |
| intracerebral mass lesions in patients affected by aids. | "toxoplasma gondii" cerebral abscess is a common opportunistic infection in patients affected by aids. making a reliable diagnosis of acute cerebral toxoplasmosis is difficult in aids patients because of the lack of specificity of serological data and neuroradiological findings. brain biopsy is the only procedure which enables a reliable diagnosis to be made a trial of specific medical therapy for toxoplasmosis in patients affected by aids and intracranial mass lesion can be advisable before per ... | 1986 | 3812036 |
| attenuation of the virulent rh strain of toxoplasma gondii by passages in mice immunized with toxoplasma lysate antigens. | the virulent rh strain of toxoplasma gondii was attenuated after a few passages or just one long passage in mice immunized twice with a four-week interval between immunizations with an emulsion of toxoplasma lysate antigens and complete freund's adjuvant. three avirulent strains, rh-cyst iii, iv and viii were established from the rh strain. the rh-cyst iii strain was effective for vaccination against challenge with the original, virulent rh strain. the attenuation of t. gondii is an expression o ... | 1986 | 3814072 |
| nonbronchoscopic lung lavage for diagnosis of opportunistic infection in aids. | thirty patients known to have or suspected of having acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) were evaluated for opportunistic pulmonary infection using a double lumen lavage catheter (dll). lavage specimens obtained were cytocentrifuged and initially stained by the papanicolaou technique as a means of rapid evaluation for pneumocystis carinii. if no opportunistic organism was identified, the patient underwent further diagnostic investigations. in 18 patients receiving mechanical ventilatory su ... | 1987 | 3816309 |
| strain-specific antigens of toxoplasma gondii. | a detailed immunological assessment of strain-specific antigens of toxoplasma gondii has not been reported. we developed rabbit antisera against three strains of toxoplasma obtained from divergent sources. these strains included the frequently studied laboratory strain rh, strain c, obtained from a naturally infected kitten, and strain p, which is maintained by passage in mice. the rabbit antisera were used to identify unique strain-specific and commonly shared tachyzoite antigens by radioiodina ... | 1987 | 3818098 |
| [igm isaga test in the diagnosis of acute acquired toxoplasma infections]. | an immunoglobulin m immunosorbent agglutination assay (igm isaga) was tested in 1804 outpatients' samples. the test was negative in all 1091 sera from individual negative in the total indirect immunofluorescence antibody (ifa tot) test and in the passive hemagglutination (ha) test and in 15 sera with inconclusive results in these two tests. the 698 sera positive in the ifa tot and ha tests were also tested with direct igm enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (igm elisa). the 74 sera positive in the ... | 1986 | 3823363 |
| toxoplasma antibodies and retinochoroiditis in the marshall islands and their association with exposure to radioactive fallout. | nearly universal serologic evidence of toxoplasma gondii infection was found to have occurred by adulthood in 517 marshallese tested in 1981-1982. the prevalence and incidence of retinal lesions compatible with toxoplasmosis were 3.9% and 273 cases/year/100,000 seropositive persons, respectively, thus indicating a significant public health problem. seronegativity was significantly more common in a subgroup of marshallese that had received 110-190 rads of total-body gamma radiation as a consequen ... | 1987 | 3826489 |
| [serological survey of anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women]. | | 1987 | 3828040 |