| primary and metastatic pulmonary meningioma. | patient 1 was a 53-year-old man who had a very rare primary pulmonary meningioma that developed in the left lingular segment. when this report was written, 7 years had passed since he underwent operation, and no recurrence of the meningioma had been detected. in patient 2, a 61-year-old woman, multiple pulmonary metastases were confirmed 19 years after she had undergone operation for multiple cerebellar meningiomas, and the metastases were resected. after 2 years, multiple intraperitoneal metast ... | 1991 | 1991305 |
| controlled expression of the transcriptional activator gene virg in agrobacterium tumefaciens by using the escherichia coli lac promoter. | the agrobacterium virg protein is normally expressed from two promoters in response to multiple stimuli, including plant-released phenolics (at promoter p1) and acidic growth media (at promoter p2). to simplify the analysis of vir gene induction, we sought to create agrobacterium strains in which virg could be expressed in a controllable fashion. to study the possibility of using the lac promoter and repressor, we constructed a plasmid containing the lac promoter fused to the lacz structural gen ... | 1991 | 1991713 |
| in vitro studies on steroidogenesis in the presence of pregnenolone as precursors by the follicular tissue of the domestic fowl (gallus domesticus). | chicken granulosa and theca cells were isolated from f1 and f4-6 follicles 2-4 h before ovulation, and the amounts of progesterone, testosterone and oestradiol released in the medium during incubation for 3 h, in the presence or absence of pregnenolone as a percursor and stimulatory drugs or inhibitory drugs, were measured. progesterone synthesis by granulosa cells was stimulated with olh or theophylline. much more progesterone was synthesized when pregnenolone was added to the medium. the amoun ... | 1991 | 1997117 |
| virulence plasmids of enteroinvasive escherichia coli and shigella flexneri integrate into a specific site on the host chromosome: integration greatly reduces expression of plasmid-carried virulence genes. | the ability of enteroinvasive escherichia coli and shigella flexneri to cause disease depends on the presence of a large virulence plasmid (pinv). in this report we show that phn280, the pinv of the o135:k-:h- enteroivasive strain e. coli hn280, and pwr100, the pinv of s. flexneri serotype 5 strain m90t, are able to integrate into a specific site on the host chromosome. pinv-integrated hn280 and m90t strains required methionine (met-) to grow in minimal medium, were noninvasive, did not produce ... | 1991 | 1997431 |
| site and strand specificity of uvb mutagenesis in the sup4-0 gene of yeast. | | 1991 | 2000411 |
| comparative efficacy of ceftriaxone and ampicillin for treatment of severe shigellosis in children. | in a prospective randomized open study, ceftriaxone, 50 mg/kg per day, was compared with ampicillin, 100 mg/kg per day, both given for a period of 5 days, for the treatment of 40 children whose mean (+/- sd) age was 4.5 +/- 3.2 years and who had severe dysentery caused by shigella organisms. twenty patients were treated with ceftriaxone and 20 with ampicillin. both drugs were initially given intravenously for a period of 1 to 2 days and were continued intramuscularly, in the case of ceftriaxone, ... | 1991 | 2007941 |
| construction of aromatic dependent shigella flexneri 2a live vaccine candidate strains: deletion mutations in the aroa and the arod genes. | live shigella flexneri 2a vaccine candidate strains with deletion mutations in the aro genes were constructed. tn10-generated auxotrophic mutations were transduced from escherichia coli to s. flexneri 2a with bacteriophage p1cmcts. the tetracycline-sensitive derivatives of tn10 mutants obtained were selected on bochner's medium and checked by dna-dna hybridization using aroa and arod gene specific probes. the vaccine candidate strains were tested to assess the efficacy of protection in guinea-pi ... | 1991 | 2008803 |
| molecular characterization of the o-acetyl transferase gene of converting bacteriophage sf6 that adds group antigen 6 to shigella flexneri. | bacteriophage sf6 antigenically converts shigella flexneri serotype y strains (-;3,4) to type 3b carrying group antigen 6,3,4 by means of an o-acetylation of the o-antigenic polysaccharide chain. the gene for o-acetyl transferase of bacteriophage sf6 has been cloned, identified and sequenced. the predicted o-acetyl transferase protein encoded by this gene was found to consist of 333 amino acids, (37,185 daltons) and to have some similarity with the galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase prote ... | 1991 | 2014005 |
| pathogenicity of foodborne salmonella. | salmonella remains a leading etiological agent in bacterial foodborne diseases. although human salmonellosis generally presents as a self-limiting episode of enterocolitis, the disease can degenerate into chronic and debilitating conditions. antibiotic treatment of uncomplicated salmonellosis is contra-indicated because it tends to prolong the carrier state. clinical management of systemic infections with newer drugs such as third-generation cephalosporins and quinolones is most promising, parti ... | 1991 | 2018704 |
| stress fiber-based movement of shigella flexneri within cells. | icsa (virg), a gene located on pwr100, the virulence plasmid of shigella flexneri serotype 5 (m90t), encodes a 120-kda outer membrane protein. this protein promotes a random intracellular movement of the bacteria and leads to the infection of adjacent cells by the formation of protrusions. this movement, which involves the nucleation, polymerization, and subsequent polarization of actin, is referred to as the ics phenotype (intra/intercellular spread). here we present evidence that a second, dis ... | 1991 | 2019438 |
| efficacy of aqueous extract of garlic & allicin in experimental shigellosis in rabbits. | the aqueous extract of garlic (allium sativum) and allicin both showed significant in vitro antibacterial activity against isolates of multiple drug-resistant shigella dysenteriae 1, sh. flexneri y, sh. sonnei and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the aqueous extract and allicin against sh. flexneri y were 5 and 0.4 microliters/ml, respectively. the two agents also showed promising in vivo antibacterial activity against sh. flexneri y when tested in the r ... | 1991 | 2022399 |
| antimicrobial effect of fermented ghanaian maize dough. | unhygienic conditions of a typical rural community in a developing country were simulated in the laboratory by inoculating fermented maize dough porridge with shigella flexneri and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec). the antimicrobial effects of the different processes involved in the preparation of fermented maize dough porridge were assessed. the soaking process reduced the ph but no antimicrobial effect against shigella and etec was noted. unfermented maize dough did not inhibit any of t ... | 1991 | 2030095 |
| two novel virulence loci, mxia and mxib, in shigella flexneri 2a facilitate excretion of invasion plasmid antigens. | a bank of over 4,200 lacz protein fusions in shigella flexneri 2a was screened for fusions to temperature-regulated promoters. one mutant, bs260, was completely noninvasive on hela cells and mapped to a region on the 220-kb virulence plasmid in which we had previously localized several avirulent temperature-regulated operon fusions (a.e. hromockyj and a.t. maurelli, infect. immun. 57:2963-2970, 1989). the phenotype of bs260 was similar to that of the previously identified mxi (membrane expressio ... | 1991 | 2037361 |
| dose-related effects of prenatal 5-methoxytryptamine (5-mt) on development of serotonin terminal density and behavior. | our previous studies with a tissue culture model of neuronal development have shown that the development of serotonin neurons is dependent, at least in part, on the stimulation of high affinity serotonin receptors. one receptor inhibits the outgrowth of neurons, while the other promotes it. the present study was therefore undertaken to replicate these findings in a whole animal model system. pregnant sprague-dawley rats were treated from gestational day 12 until birth with 0.1, 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg ... | 1991 | 2040080 |
| four decades of shigellosis in israel: epidemiology of a growing public health problem. | despite the improved standard of living in israel, shigellosis remains a common disease. examination of trends in the incidence of shigellosis in israel between 1951 and 1987 showed a period of declining rates followed by an increase in the reported incidence beginning around 1969. this increase was mainly due to shigella sonnei; rates of infection with shigella flexneri remained relatively constant. trends showed marked differences between age groups and between ethnic groups. in comparison, th ... | 1991 | 2041956 |
| abrogation of dominant glucose intolerance in sjl mice by a growth hormone transgene. | glucose tolerance was studied in transgenic mice (sjl x c57bl/6) expressing human gh under the control of a housekeeping promoter. parental sjl mice were found to harbour a dominant allele, termed here glid, determining glucose intolerance in pure-bred animals and in f1 hybrids with glucose-tolerant c57bl/6 mice. blood glucose levels in transgenic sjl x c57bl/6 hybrid mice were well controlled following glucose challenge, whereas non-transgenic hybrids failed to control their glucose adequately. ... | 1991 | 2043241 |
| mind over muscle. | | 1991 | 2044511 |
| gentle exercise with a previously inactive muscle group hastens the decline of blood lactate concentration after strenuous exercise. | the aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which the disappearance of blood lactate following severe exercise is enhanced during active recovery in comparison with recovery at rest. rates of decline of arterialised venous blood lactate concentrations in man after maximal one-leg exercise were compared during four different modes of recovery: passive (pr), exercise of the muscles involved in the initial exercise (sl), exercise of the corresponding muscles in the hitherto-inactive leg ... | 1991 | 2044538 |
| fumonisin mycotoxins and equine leukoencephalomalacia. | | 1991 | 2045319 |
| epidemiologic aspects of shigellosis and other causes of dysentery in thailand. | nearly 20% of children seen in the outpatient department of children's hospital in bangkok, thailand, for diarrheal disease had bloody diarrhea. shigella species and enteroinvasive escherichia coli--isolated from 13% and 2% of children with diarrhea, respectively--were the most frequent causes of bloody diarrhea. campylobacter species and nontyphoidal salmonella species were also isolated frequently but were much less often associated with bloody diarrhea. shigella species were rarely isolated f ... | 1991 | 2047642 |
| shigellosis in vietnam: seroepidemiologic studies with use of lipopolysaccharide antigens in enzyme immunoassays. | the performance of enzyme immunoassays (eias) with use of o-antigen-containing lipopolysaccharides (lpss) extracted with phenol-water from shigella dysenteriae type 1, shigella flexneri serotypes 1a-5b, and shigella sonnei for determination of the serum antibody responses after onset of bacillary dysentery is reviewed. for the purpose of several studies, serum samples from a total of 175 vietnamese and 47 swedish patients, for whom shigella species had been isolated from fecal specimens, were ob ... | 1991 | 2047643 |
| mortality due to shigellosis: community and hospital data. | almost all fatal cases of shigellosis occur in developing countries, and data on mortality are generally compiled from three sources: investigations of epidemics caused by shigella dysenteriae type 1, surveillance of endemic diarrheal disease, and reports from hospitals. attack rates during epidemics of dysentery due to infection with s. dysenteriae type 1 have ranged from 1% to 33%, and case-fatality rates have ranged from 1% to 7%. in matlab, a rural district in bangladesh, most diarrhea-relat ... | 1991 | 2047645 |
| shiga toxin: intestinal cell receptors and pathophysiology of enterotoxic effects. | shiga toxin is enterotoxic in rabbit small bowel and binds to the microvillus membrane (mvm). the toxin exhibits specificity for glycolipids possessing a terminal gal-alpha 1----4gal disaccharide, including the neutral glycolipid gb3 in mvm. gb3, which is developmentally regulated in the rabbit small bowel, is present in very low concentration until the animals reach day 16 of life. in older animals an increase in gb3 content is paralleled by an increase in the ability of mvm to bind toxin, whic ... | 1991 | 2047654 |
| response to antimicrobial therapy for shigellosis in thailand. | shigella species have been one of the most common causes of acute diarrhea in bangkok, thailand. the incidence of shigellosis increased steadily from 1984 to 1988. the majority of shigella species isolated from specimens from patients with acute diarrhea in bangkok in 1988 were resistant to both ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz). shigella flexneri was the most commonly isolated organism and had the highest rate of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tmp-smz, and tetra ... | 1991 | 2047660 |
| an auxotrophic live oral shigella flexneri vaccine: development and testing. | through transduction, a wild-type strain of shigella flexneri serotype y (sfl1) was rendered auxotrophic and dependent on aromatic metabolites that are not available in mammalian tissues. monkeys that were orally vaccinated with 10(11) bacteria of the transductant strain sfl114 remained healthy when challenged with 10(11) bacteria of wild-type strains of s. flexneri serotypes y, 1b, and 2a. the safety and immunogenicity of sfl114 were next studied in volunteers who were given either 10(9) or 10( ... | 1991 | 2047663 |
| prospective study of systemic and mucosal immune responses in dysenteric patients to specific shigella invasion plasmid antigens and lipopolysaccharides. | shigellosis is a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. to find immunological correlates of specific protection against shigellosis, we examined chronological samples of sera, stool extracts, duodenal aspirates, and saliva samples from 39 adults and 22 children with shigellosis from peru for the presence of specific antibody to invasion plasmid antigens (ipa) common to all virulent shigella strains, by using both a whole-organism enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ... | 1991 | 2050402 |
| [antibiotic therapy of acute dysentery in children with immunologic deficiency conditions]. | one hundred children with acute sonnei and flexneri dysentery were followed up with respect to the infection process and main immunity indices. in 32 children the immunity indices were physiological (group 1) and in 68 children secondary immune deficiency was observed (group 2). the children were treated with aminoglycoside antibiotics and prodigiozan and it was stated that the time of recovery in the children with immune deficiency was longer by 5.2 days as compared to that in the children with ... | 1991 | 2053823 |
| site-specific recombinase genes in three shigella subgroups and nucleotide sequences of a pinb gene and an invertible b segment from shigella boydii. | inversional switching systems in procaryotes are composed of an invertible dna segment and a site-specific recombinase gene adjacent to or contained in the segment. four related but functionally distinct systems have previously been characterized in detail: the salmonella typhimurium h segment-hin gene (h-hin), phage mu g-gin, phage p1 c-cin, and escherichia coli e14 p-pin. in this article we report the isolation and characterization of three new recombinase genes: pinb, pind, and defective pinf ... | 1991 | 2061288 |
| the placenta in the context of history and modern medical practice. | this is a brief summary of the development of our understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the human placenta. the article also traces the origin of some of the commonly used terminology that pertains to the placenta, and it makes reference to the major discoveries made in the understanding of human placentation. the legal implications for the current need of placental examination are traced and recommendations are made for future studies that might be conducted. finally, questions are rai ... | 1991 | 2064523 |
| [a report of surveillance on acute diarrhoeal diseases in wuwei prefecture from 1987 to 1988]. | surveillance on acute diarrhoeal diseases in jinta county, wuwei city for two successive years from january 1987 to december 1988 showed that the annual average incidence of diarrhoeal diseases was 0.079-0.124. the total detection rate of the etiologic agent was 58.95%. bacterial infection was predominant. ten species of pathogenic bacteria were detected, of which shigella remained the prevalent bacteria among which flexneri appeared as the predominant species after a decline for several years s ... | 1991 | 2065350 |
| [recurrent thromboembolism disclosing protein c deficiency. apropos of a case with familial investigation]. | every thromboembolic manifestation, especially in young subjects, calls for an aetiological study in which haemostasis is evaluated primarily with assays of physiological coagulation inhibitors: protein c, protein s and antithrombin iii. protein c deficiency is found in 6 to 7% of thromboembolic manifestations. we report the case of a 21-year old man who had phlebitis followed by pulmonary embolism without facilitating factors. protein c level was 50% of normal value (0.50 iu/ml). the patient re ... | 1990 | 2075365 |
| [shigellosis]. | | 1990 | 2076763 |
| [the indices of pancreatic incretory function in acute intestinal infections]. | results are reported of a study of the incretory function in 156 patients with acute intestinal infections. the incretory pancreatic function was found to be deranged in most patients in the acute period and tended to slow restoration during convalescence. this indicates the necessity of perfecting pathogenetic treatment of these patients and clinico-laboratory follow-up of patients with a history of acute intestinal infection with consideration of the incretory pancreatic function. | 1990 | 2080556 |
| [clinico-morphological comparisons in different types of dysentery]. | clinical evidence and morphological picture of rectal biopsy specimens were analysed for 125 dysentery patients. as compared to a light course, moderately severe and severe dysentery presented enhanced microbial adherence and an elevated level of large lymphocytes in the external epithelium of the rectum, deeper penetration of shigella into crypts. on day 9-15 of the disease in attenuation of the clinical symptoms in severe and moderately dysentery morphological shifts persisted whereas the ligh ... | 1990 | 2084341 |
| specific binding of virg to the vir box requires a c-terminal domain and exhibits a minimum concentration threshold. | the positive regulatory protein virg from the virulence region of the ti plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens was first demonstrated to possess dna-binding capabilities using chromatographically purified protein and in vitro assays (powell et al., 1989). this paper is an extension of that research and presents evidence on the in vivo dna-binding properties of virg using a transcription interference assay. virg protein bound specifically to a 'vir box' response element and repressed transcription ... | 1990 | 2089226 |
| intraradicular bacteria and fungi in root-filled, asymptomatic human teeth with therapy-resistant periapical lesions: a long-term light and electron microscopic follow-up study. | light and electron microscopy were used to analyze nine therapy-resistant and asymptomatic human periapical lesions, which were removed as block biopsies during surgical treatment of the affected teeth. the cases that required surgery represented about 10% of all of the cases which received endodontic treatment and root fillings during the period 1977 to 1984. these cases revealed periapical lesions when they were examined 4 to 10 yr after treatment. the biopsies were processed for correlated li ... | 1990 | 2094761 |
| [the clinico-pathogenetic significance of disorders of the immune status in dysentery]. | as many as 256 patients with flexner's dysentery caused by the same source of infection were examined. it has been established that in patients with a severe and protracted course of the disease, secondary immunodeficiency is formed by the relative hypersuppressor type and the function of phagocytizing macrophages decreases. patients with the reduced immune characteristics manifest deceleration of convalescence and repeated isolation of shigella after the antibiotic therapy. it is concluded that ... | 1990 | 2094988 |
| ultrastructural features of microbial colony organization. | the ultrastructure of microbial colonies was studied. inside the colonies three types of intercellular contacts were demonstrated. in the colonies of gram-negative bacteria, the cells were found to be connected by tight adhesions of outer membranes of the cell walls and membrane bridges. in the colonies of gram-positive bacteria, the intercellular contacts were formed by fusion of peptidoglucan layers of the cell walls. bacterial cells were differentiated by the presence of a capsule-like envelo ... | 1990 | 2097346 |
| potential shigella flexneri 2a and shigella sonnei i live vaccinal strains. characterization of immunogenicity in animal models. | rats and rabbits were immunized intraintestinally with different doses of virulent and nonvirulent live shigella flexneri 2a and shigella sonnei i strains. the nonvirulent strains had one or two attenuating markers. the period of excretion with the faeces of the bacteria and of their polysaccharide antigens, the proliferation of antigen-binding and antibody-producing cells in the spleens and gut-associated lymphoid tissues and the levels of antibodies in sera and faeces were studied. attenuated ... | 1990 | 2099082 |
| construction and evaluation of live attenuated vaccine strains of shigella flexneri and shigella dysenteriae 1. | shigellosis is an invasive disease of the human colon which is particularly prevalent among children of the developing world. no proper vaccine is available to protect against this enteric disease. it is currently accepted that only live strains with attenuated virulence administered orally may elicit protective immunity at the level of the colonic mucosa, which is the exclusive site of multiplication of causative microorganisms such as shigella flexneri and shigella dysenteriae 1. we have const ... | 1990 | 2101481 |
| hybrid vaccines using escherichia coli as an antigen carrier. | | 1990 | 2101482 |
| [experience in using new drug preparations for treating adult patients with acute intestinal infections]. | ciprofloxacin (bayer, frg), a derivative of hydroxyquinolone acid, was used for the treatment of patients with shigellosis and salmonellosis and for the sanitation of salmonella carriers. the drug turned out to exert a positive effect on bacteriological sanitation of the body. in order to treat patients with food toxinfection of unknown etiology, use was made of intetrix (farmacos, socialist federal republic of yugoslavia). inclusion of the drug into combined treatment of patients with food toxi ... | 1990 | 2110389 |
| molecular characterization of promoters of the lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris temperate bacteriophage bk5-t and identification of a phage gene implicated in the regulation of promoter activity. | dna fragments from the temperate lactococcal bacteriophage bk5-t were cloned into the promoter-detecting plasmid pmu1328. five dna fragments conferring promoter activity were selected by transformation of streptococcus sanguis and were functional in escherichia coli, s. sanguis, and lactococcus lactis subspp. lactis and cremoris. the nucleotide sequences of these fragments were determined, and primer extension analysis was used to locate the site of initiation of transcription from each promoter ... | 1990 | 2111118 |
| electrolyte abnormalities associated with diarrhea in rhesus monkeys: 100 cases (1986-1987). | serum electrolyte values from 100 rhesus monkeys with diarrhea were reviewed. the most frequent finding was hyponatremia (88%), with hypochloremia next most frequently detected (80%). metabolic acidosis was less common (59%) and usually associated with high anion gap values. associations between electrolyte abnormalities and age, housing, or case outcome were not found. bacteriologic culturing was performed on fecal specimens from 90 monkeys. campylobacter coli or c jejuni alone was isolated fro ... | 1990 | 2112122 |
| phorbol myristate acetate inhibits hela 229 invasion by bordetella pertussis and other invasive bacterial pathogens. | the microfilament inhibitors cytochalasins b and d have been traditionally used to indirectly evaluate the requirement for actin in the uptake of invasive bacterial pathogens by nonprofessional phagocytes. through their effects on microfilaments, both cytochalasins also impart profound alterations in cellular morphology and surface topology, which likely interfere with adherence. alterations affecting adherence would complicate interpretation of the effect of cytochalasins on entry alone. as an ... | 1990 | 2119340 |
| [acute severe dyspnea as a side effect of drugs. report from the chdm (comprehensive hospital drug monitoring)]. | this "syndrome" has been observed in 4 of 23,935 in-patients registered in the years 1974-1987 in the comprehensive hospital drug monitoring (bern/st. gallen), with 6 reactions. signs of an attack of bronchial asthma, laryngeal or pulmonary edema or a (heart-)circulatory event were not observed. each patient was cyanotic and 3 had the feeling of impending death. the eliciting drugs were penicillin-g (twice) and cefazolin (once), given i.v.; iron dextran i.m. (once); pitressin tannate i.m. (once) ... | 1990 | 2120771 |
| the two-component regulatory system ompr-envz controls the virulence of shigella flexneri. | in shigella flexneri, the ompb locus (containing the ompr and envz genes) was found to modulate expression of the vir genes, which are responsible for invasion of epithelial cells. vir gene expression was markedly enhanced under conditions of high osmolarity (300 mosm), similar to that encountered in tissues both extra- and intracellularly. two ompb mutants were constructed and tested for virulence and for osmotic regulation of vir genes. an envz::tn10 mutant remained invasive, although its viru ... | 1990 | 2121709 |
| growth inhibition of selected food-borne bacteria, particularly listeria monocytogenes, by plant extracts. | six extracts from chinese medicinal plants: tin men chu, sey lau pai, siu mao heung, bak tao yung, kam chin chiu and liao ya, were tested for their inhibitory effect on selected food-borne bacteria by the well assay technique. among them, tin men chu, siu mao heung and sey lau pai inhibited the growth of staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumonia, escherichia coli, shigella flexneri, streptococcus faecalis, salmonella paratyphi, salm. enteritidis, enterobacter aerogenes, pseudomonas fluorescens ... | 1990 | 2127264 |
| cloning, sequencing and chromosomal assignment of a gene from saccharomyces cerevisiae which is negatively regulated by glucose and positively by lipids. | we report the molecular cloning, nucleotide (nt) sequence and chromosomal assignment of the saccharomyces cerevisiae gene glp1. this gene encoded a 15-kda protein that was synthesized at a low level during growth on glucose and was induced ninefold upon glucose deprivation. when glucose withdrawal was accompanied by the addition of fatty acids the induction was enhanced an additional two- to threefold. the glp1 gene product was identified as a soluble protein and purified using a combination of ... | 1990 | 2129531 |
| studies on nonspecific protection induced with omp of shigella flexneri and other genera of enterobacteriaceae. | outer membrane proteins (omp) isolated from shigella flexneri, escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris and salmonella typhimurium were tested for their protective activity. each omp preparate given to mice intraperitoneally in a single injection (5 micrograms/per mouse) protected the animals not only in homologous but also in varying intensity in heterologous systems. evidence was obtained that this nonspecific protection is cell mediated. | 1990 | 2130800 |
| immunogenic and protective properties of outer membrane proteins of hafnia alvei. | outer membrane proteins (omp) extracted from antigenically distinct or related strains of hafnia alvei containing defined composition of major proteins proved to be immunogenic. intraperitoneal immunization of mice with a single dose of such preparations protected the animals against homologous and heterologous hafnia strains. the omp preparations were also found to induce protection with varying intensity against escherichia, proteus, shigella and salmonella. | 1990 | 2130804 |
| a genetic therapy for familial hypercholesterolemia. | the whhl rabbit serves as an animal model for the human genetic disease, familial hypercholesterolemia. in initial studies aimed at the development of a genetic therapy for familial hypercholesterolemia (i.e., introduction of a normal ldl receptor gene), whhl rabbit skin fibroblasts were transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a normal human ldl receptor. correction of the whhl rabbit genetic defect in vitro was confirmed. autologous fibroblasts expressing ldl receptors were reimplanted i ... | 1990 | 2132544 |
| toxicity of certain pesticides against the chicken mite, dermanyssus gallinae. | | 1990 | 2132965 |
| [preparation of microbial silage from fish of underutilized species]. | fish silage was produced by microbial means from a mixture of several fish species which are not used for human consumption, and form part of the shrimp by-catch. the fish was mixed with a carbohydrate source (molasses) and a starter culture of lactobacillus plantarum 8014. the mixture was fermented at 30 +/- 2 degrees c. several tests were undertaken to determine the optimal conditions and concentration of molasses (5, 10 and 15%) and lactobacillus (0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%). results indica ... | 1990 | 2134144 |
| nucleotide sequence of the salmonella typhimurium glya gene. | the dna sequence of the salmonella typhimurium glya gene has been determined. the polypeptide deduced from the dna sequence contains 417 amino acids and has a calculated molecular weight of 45428 daltons. s1 nuclease mapping experiments located the transcription start point and possible transcription termination region. the nucleotide and amino acid sequences for the s. typhimurium and escherichia coli glya genes were compared. the nucleotide sequences show 89% identity, and the amino acid seque ... | 1990 | 2134182 |
| t cell activation. ii. activation of human t lymphoma cells by cross-linking of their mhc class i antigens. | the present work demonstrates that antibody-induced cross-linking of mhc class i antigens on jurkat t lymphoma cells leads to a rise in intracellular calcium (cai2+) and, in the presence of phorbol ester (pma), to il-2 production and il-2 receptor expression. the rise in cai2+ exhibited a profile very different from that obtained after anti-cd3 antibody-induced activation suggesting that activation signals are transduced differently after binding of anti-cd3 antibody and class i cross-linking, r ... | 1990 | 2137376 |
| regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in dialysis patients following correction of anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin. | left ventricular hypertrophy is an independent determinant of survival in patients with end-stage renal disease, and anemia is one determinant of hypertrophy in such patients. accordingly, the authors studied 22 dialysis patients by echocardiography before and after correction of their anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin. observers were blinded to patient identity and order of studies. hemoglobin increased from 63 +/- 8 g/l (mean +/- standard deviation) to 114 +/- 15 g/l; an increase of ... | 1990 | 2138048 |
| effects of chronic non-ketotic diabetes and aging on myocardial function and fatty acid oxidation. | the effects of aging and chronic non-ketotic diabetes on contractile properties, oxygen consumption, palmitate oxidation and morphology were studied in isolated, perfused working hearts of 2, 9, 12 and 22 month old rats. the heart rate, coronary flow, and oxygen consumption were no different among the 9, 12 and 22 month control and diabetic hearts. cardiac work was not depressed in control hearts until 22 months of age. depression of cardiac output due to aging in the control hearts progressed i ... | 1990 | 2141842 |
| [antibiotic resistance of shigella isolated in the kara-kalpak a.s.s.r. 1987-1988]. | sensitivity of shigella spp. isolated in one of the hospitals of nukus within 1987-1988 and earlier in 1977 and 1985 was studied. s. flexneri 1-5 remained the main causative agents of dysentery on the territory. however, beginning from 1987 there were registered cases of dysentery caused by s. dysenteriae 1. the isolates were most sensitive to cefotaxime, cephaloridine, polymyxin b and gentamicin. the majority of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, levomycetin (chloramphenicol) and stre ... | 1990 | 2144726 |
| [a case of group morbidity from reiter's syndrome in patients with a history of acute intestinal infection]. | | 1990 | 2151299 |
| inhibition of collagenolytic activity and metastasis of tumor cells by a recombinant human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases. | metalloproteinases secreted by tumor cells play an important role in metastasis. in the present study, we determined whether an inhibitor of these proteinases could inhibit the ability of tumor cells to degrade collagen and to metastasize. metalloproteinases with degradative activities for type i collagen, type iv collagen, gelatin, and casein were secreted by a highly metastatic rat embryo cell line (4r) transfected by c-ha-ras1 (also known as hras1). these metalloproteinases were identified by ... | 1990 | 2156082 |
| simultaneous primary infection with hiv and cmv leading to severe pancytopenia, hepatitis, nephritis, perimyocarditis, myositis, and alopecia totalis. | simultaneous primary infection with hiv and cmv in an 18-year-old woman led to an acute cytotoxic reaction, manifesting as pancytopenia, hepatitis, nephritis, perimyocarditis, and myositis. within 14 days parameters indicating acute cell damage reverted to normal. two weeks later transient alopecia totalis developed. initially, hiv-antigen but no hiv antibodies were present. within 3 weeks hiv-igg antibodies appeared while hiv antigen disappeared. anti-cmv-igm was clearly and anti-cmv-igg questi ... | 1990 | 2156107 |
| mri quantitation of edema in focal cerebral ischemia in cats: correlation with cytochrome aa3 oxidation state. | 1h mri permits detection of edema in the brain. in a middle cerebral artery stroke model in the cat, we found a significant correlation between an edema index based on mri and a sensitive metabolic index of ischemia, the in vivo oxidation status of mitochondrial cytochrome aa3 determined by near-infrared reflectance spectrophotometry (r = -0.70, alpha = 0.001). this result suggests that a simple, noninvasive study using mri can provide an index of the extent of ischemic damage in an experimental ... | 1990 | 2156126 |
| molecular characterization of a trans-acting, positive effector (ipar) of invasion plasmid antigen synthesis in shigella flexneri serotype 5. | a trans-acting, positive effector of invasion plasmid antigen (ipa) synthesis has been identified and mapped on the pwr100 invasion plasmid of shigella flexneri serotype 5 (strain m90t-w). recombinant plasmids carrying this regulatory gene, designated ipar, were found to restore full virulence to a non-invasive ipar::tn5 insertion mutant [m90t-w(phs1042)] that had lost the ability to synthesize four ipa antigens (ipaa, 70 kda; ipab, 62 kda; ipac, 42 kda; and ipad, 37 kda). genetic mapping of the ... | 1990 | 2166210 |
| coxsackie b1 virus infection enhances the bacterial invasiveness, the phagocytosis and the membrane permeability in hep-2 cells. | to analyze the effect of coxsackie b1 virus infection on bacterial invasiveness, phagocytosis and cytoplasma membrane permeability, we have studied invasiveness of shigella flexneri, unspecific phagocytosis of latex particles and release of the non-metabolizible amino acid, alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (aib). virus infection enhanced invasiveness of s. flexneri and phagocytosis of latex beads and increased plasma membrane permeability as measured by release of aib. the effect on all three function ... | 1990 | 2166540 |
| morphine and fentanyl anesthetic interactions with diazepam: relative antagonism in rats. | the anesthetic effects of morphine-diazepam and fentanyl-diazepam combinations as characterized by abolition of the movement response to noxious stimulation were studied in rats to test the hypothesis of antagonistic interactions between the components of these combinations. noxious pressure on the tail was used to induce the response. dose-effect curves were constructed for the drugs given alone and in combination. with the use of probit procedure ed50 values for single drugs and their combinat ... | 1990 | 2168134 |
| kinetics of the reaction of prostaglandin h synthase compound ii with ascorbic acid. | the reduction of prostaglandin h synthase compound ii by ascorbic acid in the presence of diethyldithiocarbamate was studied in 0.1 m phosphate buffer (ph 8.0) at 4.0 +/- 0.5 degrees c, by rapid scan spectrometry and transient state kinetics. a saturation effect and nonzero intercept were observed in the plot of pseudo-first-order rate constant versus ascorbic acid concentration. the saturation behavior suggests formation of a complex between prostaglandin h synthase compound ii and ascorbic aci ... | 1990 | 2168160 |
| anti-viral immunity induced by recombinant nucleoprotein of influenza a virus. iii. delivery of recombinant nucleoprotein to the immune system using attenuated salmonella typhimurium as a live carrier. | a plasmid encoding the influenza nucleoprotein gene from a/nt/60/68 virus was transduced into the attenuated salmonella typhimurium aroa- strain sl3261. the bacterial vector expressing the viral gene product was able to induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to the nucleoprotein antigen. cd4+ virus-specific t cells capable of proliferation were readily induced and, in some circumstances, class ii major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted cytotoxicity was detected. however ... | 1990 | 2168340 |
| rapid detection of herpes simplex virus in clinical samples by flow cytometry after amplification in tissue culture. | murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2, respectively) nuclear antigens were used to identify cells infected with hsv-1 or -2 by indirect immunofluorescence in conjunction with flow cytometry after virus amplification of mrc-5 cell monolayers. the results indicate that mabs q1, q2, and h-640 detect hsv-1- and hsv-2-infected cells, mab sd-1 detects hsv-2- but not hsv-1-infected cells, and mab 58-s detects hsv-1- but not hsv-2-infected cells. mab ... | 1990 | 2168440 |
| modulation of experimentally induced epilepsy by intracerebral grafts of fetal gabaergic neurons. | systemic administration of pilocarpine to rats induces seizures that resemble complex partial epilepsy in humans. susceptibility to these seizures is increased by lesion of the gabaergic striatonigral projection. transplantation of fetal gabaergic neurons, but also of control non-gabaergic tissue, to the deafferent substantia nigra can reduce such lesion-increased seizure susceptibility. these observations are consistent with prior evidence that gabaergic basal ganglia outflow plays an important ... | 1990 | 2168529 |
| molecular mechanisms of glial cell swelling in acidosis. | the mechanism of glial swelling in acidosis were investigated in an in vitro model. c6 glial cells were exposed to ph levels between 7.4 and 6.2. the cell volume response was determined by flow cytometry. cell swelling of 110% to 115% was observed if ph was reduced to 6.8 or below. this effect was independent of the length of exposure to acidosis. swelling induced by ph could be attenuated by (a) inhibition of the na+/h+ antiporter by amiloride, (b) replacement of bicarbonate by hepes, and (c) i ... | 1990 | 2168665 |
| antiinflammatory properties of the new antirheumatic agent 4-acetylaminophenylacetic acid. | the antiinflammatory activity of 4-acetylaminophenylacetic acid (ms-932) was investigated. ms-932 did not suppress the acute inflammation of carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats or of primary swelling in adjuvant arthritic rats. however, prophylactic treatment with ms-932 inhibited secondary inflammation in adjuvant arthritic rats. ms-932 also restored to normal the weight of the spleen and the serum albumin/globulin ratio of adjuvant arthritic rats. in addition to its prophylactic effect, ms-9 ... | 1990 | 2168705 |
| photoprotective effect of superoxide-scavenging antioxidants against ultraviolet radiation-induced chronic skin damage in the hairless mouse. | albino hairless mice (skh:hr-1) exposed chronically to suberythemal doses of ultraviolet radiation develop visible skin changes, histological alterations, and tumors. topical treatment of mice with solutions of superoxide-scavenging antioxidants (such as alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, propyl gallate and trolox) prior to each uvb radiation exposure reduced significantly the severity of these events. tocopherol esters and ascorbyl palmitate were not as effective as the parent compounds in provid ... | 1990 | 2169296 |
| inactivation of beta-lactamase from shigella flexneri ucsf-129 by 6-beta-iodopenicillanic acid: classification of the enzyme. | the beta-lactamase from shigella flexneri ucsf-129 was irreversible inactivated by 6-beta-iodopenicillanic acid. only one serine residue was modified, according to the spectra change and the amino acid analyses. a ph variation of 0.3 units was found when the chemically modified enzyme was submitted to isoelectric focusing. the inactivation constant of the fast time course reaction was 0.1 seg-1. protection of 96% was obtained, using cephradine 2,830 times more concentrated than 6-beta-iodopenici ... | 1990 | 2170824 |
| prevalence of human papillomaviruses in cervical scrapings of unselected women. | | 1990 | 2171941 |
| a nonvirulent mutant of listeria monocytogenes does not move intracellularly but still induces polymerization of actin. | listeria monocytogenes has the capacity to penetrate and multiply within professional and nonprofessional phagocytic cells, such as the caco-2 human enterocytelike cell line. it was shown recently that shortly after listeriae have been phagocytosed, the phagosomal membrane is dissolved, probably by the action of the bacterial cytolysin listeriolysin o. the listeriae, which are then lying obviously free in the cytoplasm, become surrounded by a coat of actin filaments within a few hours. once form ... | 1990 | 2172164 |
| expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens on inflammatory peripheral nerve lesions. | the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) antigens by cells of the rat peripheral nervous system (pns) was studied using a model of peripheral nerve transplantation. monoclonal antibodies to polymorphic determinants of mhc class i and class ii (ia) molecules were used to determine donor or recipient origin of mhc antigen-bearing cells in nerve allografts. the expression of class i and class ii antigens by pns parenchymal cells was modified during varying alloimmune conditions. bas ... | 1990 | 2172305 |
| biphasic effects of polarizing current on adenosine-sensitive generation of cyclic amp in rat cerebral cortex. | cyclic amp accumulation elicited by adenosine was investigated in cortical slices of rats following the application of a weak anodal direct current (anodal polarization) to the unilateral sensorimotor cortex. anodal polarization with 3.0 microa for 30 min caused an increase in the adenosine-elicited accumulation of cyclic amp in the polarized cortex, in which case the increase in the polarized cortical region was highlighted by repeated applications of the currents. polarization with 0.3 microa ... | 1990 | 2173816 |
| human pancreatic islet cell specific 38 kilodalton autoantigen identified by cytomegalovirus-induced monoclonal islet cell autoantibody. | our previous finding that about 15% of newly diagnosed patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus had human cytomegalovirus genome in their lymphocytes and islet cell autoantibodies in their sera, suggests that autoimmune type 1 diabetes is associated with persistent cytomegalovirus infection under certain circumstances. this investigation was initiated to see if cytomegalovirus can induce islet cell autoantibodies and if the autoantibodies react with any specific islet protein(s ... | 1990 | 2174808 |
| sequencing and enhanced expression of the gene encoding diadenosine 5',5'''-p1, p4-tetraphosphate (ap4a) phosphorylase in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the gene, dtp, coding for diadenosine 5',5'''-p1, p4-tetraphosphate (ap4a) phosphorylase was isolated from a saccharomyces cerevisiae genomic dna library in lambda gt11. in yeast and escherichia coli transformed with the multicopy vector, yep352, containing the cloned dtp gene, the ap4a phosphorylase was produced at levels nine- to 17-fold higher than in untransformed hosts. the nucleotide (nt) sequence was determined. the gene codes for a polypeptide chain of 321 amino acids (aa). two-aa sequen ... | 1990 | 2174812 |
| depletion of brain alpha-msh alters prostaglandin and interleukin fever in rats. | alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-msh), a putative endogenous antipyretic agent, is synthesized largely within neurons in the arcuate nucleus. to test the hypothesis that destruction of this area would increase the febrile response, male wistar rats, treated as neonates with intraperitoneal injections of monosodium glutamate (msg) or saline, were given intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of prostaglandin e1 (20 ng; 200 ng) or purified interleukin-1 (20 u) and body temperature w ... | 1990 | 2175244 |
| live shigella flexneri 2a and shigella sonnei i vaccine candidate strains with two attenuating markers. i. construction of vaccine candidate strains with retained invasiveness but reduced intracellular multiplication. | live shigella flexneri 2a and shigella sonnei phase i vaccine candidate strains with two virulence-reducing markers were constructed through stepwise incorporation of weakly attenuating purine auxotrophy with subsequent rifampicin-resistance (rna polymerase) mutation to yield optimal attenuation. these vaccine candidate strains showed an unaltered plasmid profile; did not cause keratoconjunctivitis in the sereny test, while being excreted for a short but still marked period and providing partial ... | 1990 | 2180230 |
| live shigella flexneri 2a and shigella sonnei i vaccine candidate strains with two attenuating markers. ii. preliminary results of vaccination of adult volunteers and children aged 2-17 years. | shigella flexneri 2a and shigella sonnei i vaccine candidate strains were tested for tolerance in 14 adults as well as for tolerance and immunogenicity in children aged 2-17 years. for fresh culture material, the limit for side effects fading within 36 h such as meteorism, loose stools, tenesmus and slight temperature, and tolerated by volunteers was 3 x 10(9) colony-forming units (c.f.u.). excretion of vaccine strain germs for 2-3 days was observed only at doses of 10(10) c.f.u. and greater (2- ... | 1990 | 2180231 |
| nucleotide sequence of invasion plasmid antigen gene ipaa from shigella flexneri 5. | | 1990 | 2183200 |
| dna supercoiling and environmental regulation of virulence gene expression in shigella flexneri. | bacterial pathogens undergo profound physiological changes when they infect their hosts, requiring coordinated regulation of gene expression in response to the stresses encountered during infection. a number of environmental stresses (such as osmotic shock and anaerobiosis) have been shown to induce changes in dna supercoiling that can directly affect the transcription of a specific subset of bacterial genes, at least some of which (the outer-membrane porins and type 1 fimbriae) play a part in b ... | 1990 | 2184366 |
| a common mechanism of transcriptional activation by the three positive regulators, virg, phob, and ompr. | virg, phob, and ompr are positive regulators of the virulence, phosphate, and osmolarity regulons, respectively. their target genes are attended with one or more significant blocks of similar 6-bp sequences in their regulatory regions. the distance between the block(s) and transcriptional start site varies with the target genes, but the blocks are located in a similar manner phase-specific to the promoter sequences. on the basis of these facts, we offer a novel model of transcriptional activatio ... | 1990 | 2185030 |
| influence of pulsatile perfusion upon renin release from the isolated perfused rat kidney. | it is well established that renin release from the juxtaglomerular epithelioid cells in the media of the afferent arteriole strongly depends on the mean renal perfusion pressure, whereas a possible influence of the pulsation of blood pressure on renin release has only occasionally been investigated, and the results are contradictory. such an influence on renin release cannot be excluded because pulsation is known to modulate arterial baroreceptors and vascular tone in some resistance vessels. in ... | 1990 | 2186359 |
| protection of adult rabbits and monkeys from lethal shigellosis by oral immunization with a thymine-requiring and temperature-sensitive mutant of shigella flexneri y. | as an approach to the development of attenuated strains, thymine-requiring (thy-) and temperature-sensitive (ts-) single and double mutants of shigella flexneri y have been isolated by u.v. mutagenesis and selection. the mutants retained the 140 mda plasmid, were sereny-negative and avirulent in 'conditioned' rabbits and in monkeys. rabbits and monkeys immunized orally with two doses of the mutants were solidly protected against disease and lethality when challenged with the homologous virulent ... | 1990 | 2186582 |
| demonstration of cross-reactivity between bacterial antigens and class i human leukocyte antigens by using monoclonal antibodies to shigella flexneri. | bacterial envelope proteins which share immunodeterminants with the human leukocyte antigen (hla) class i histocompatibility antigen hla-b27 may invoke spondyloarthritic disease through the process of molecular mimicry in patients expressing this phenotype. monoclonal antibodies generated by the immunization of balb/c mice with envelope proteins of shigella flexneri type 2a were tested for reactivity against cultured lymphoblastoid cell lines of defined hla phenotype. as measured by flow microfl ... | 1990 | 2187807 |
| [membrane component of shigella flexneri and their relationship to bacteria antigenicity and virulence]. | our previous works have shown that membrane proteins of s. flexneri can elicit protection against the bacteria in vivo. in this study, we further, using human convalescent sera (hcs) from adult patients infected with s. flexneri, investigated the relationship between membrane components of s. flexneri and their antigenicities and virulences. it was shown in immunoblotting that 5 virulent strains of s. flexneri and avirulent strain t32 derived from s. flexneri 2a by istrati in romania and used as ... | 1990 | 2188429 |
| increase of trimethoprim resistance among shigella species, 1975-1988: analysis of resistance mechanisms. | trimethoprim (tmp) resistance among shigella species isolated from finnish travelers increased from 3.0% in 1975-1982 to 42.0%-43.8% in 1987-1988. of the 317 tmp-resistant shigella isolates identified during 1975-1988, 175 (55%) collected in 1985-1987 and in 1988 were tested further. almost all (98%) were highly resistant to tmp, suggesting a plasmid-mediated origin. the type i dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) gene was detected in 85% of the isolates studied. twenty-three percent of the type i dhf ... | 1990 | 2189006 |
| detection of shigella in feces using dna amplification. | a rapid diagnostic method employing a polymerase chain reaction procedure (pcr) was used to identify shigella and enteroinvasive escherichia coli. this procedure amplified a region of the invasive-associated locus (ial) from a crude dna extract of feces. a synthetic 21-base oligonucleotide corresponding to the ial gene sequence was shown to specifically hybridize only with enteroinvasive e. coli (eiec) strains and shigella species. upon pcr amplification, a 320-base pair fragment was generated i ... | 1990 | 2189008 |
| synthesis and 2d-n.m.r. analysis of a pentasaccharide glycoside of the biological repeating units of shigella flexneri variant y polysaccharide and the preparation of a synthetic antigen. | | 1990 | 2189552 |
| differential protein expression by shigella flexneri in intracellular and extracellular environments. | shigellae were intrinsically radiolabeled with [35s]methionine either extracellularly or while multiplying within infected hela cell monolayers. a complex pattern of suppression and induction of proteins was observed. proteins of approximately 97, 62, 58, 50, 25, and 18 kilodaltons (kda) were induced in shigella flexneri isolated from infected monolayers. proteins of 100, 85, 70, 64, and 55 kda were suppressed under the same conditions but were seen in cells labeled in the tissue culture medium ... | 1990 | 2190215 |
| [antibiotic resistance of strains of shigella dysenteriae and flexneri isolated in tananarive and on the east coast of madagascar]. | from november 1988 to march 1989, stools from 804 malagasy children were examined, thirty-seven strains of shigella were isolated, from which 5 s. dysenteriae serotype 1 (= shiga bacillus) strains were found to be resistant to ampicillin, carbenicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, sulphonamide and even to trimethoprim. resistance to trimethoprim has appeared only recently in madagascar. | 1990 | 2190702 |
| nutrition: prospects for the 1990s. | for many decades there has been adequate information for the elimination of acute dietary deficiency diseases. scurvy, beri-beri, and pellagra, once serious scourges, are now seen only rarely. the severe forms of protein-energy malnutrition, kwashiorkor and marasmus, have also decreased greatly. nonetheless, mild to moderate forms of protein-energy deficiency, exacerbated by infection, continue to impair growth and development in a majority of the low-income pre-school age populations of most de ... | 1990 | 2191671 |
| the pathology of shigella flexneri infection in rhesus monkeys: an endoscopic and histopathological study of colonic lesions. | twenty-two rhesus monkeys were orally fed 1 x 10(11) live virulent shigella flexneri of either serotypes 1b, 2a, 4a or y. on the basis of colonoscopic findings they were classified into: group a - normal endoscopic picture (10 monkeys), and group b - pathological endoscopic picture (12 monkeys). pathological findings, distributed over the entire colon, were seen as either red patches (+/- erosions) or diffuse lesions, i.e. fragile red mucosa, mucosal bleeding and broad edemas. histopathological ... | 1990 | 2191692 |
| [clinical significance of anti-hyaluronidase antibody]. | | 1990 | 2192169 |
| [inhibition of enteropathogens by clostridium butyricum miyairi 588]. | the inhibitory effect of clostridium butyricum miyairi 588 against various enteropathogens was investigated in mixed cultures. it was observed that c. butyricum m588 inhibited the growth of vibrio cholerae o1, v. cholerae non-o1, aeromonas hydrophila, and shigella flexneri. considering that the interaction between c. butyricum and shigella is especially important because of their proliferation site in the lower intestine, further examinations were carried out on shigella in particular. results w ... | 1990 | 2193065 |
| effect of verapamil on insulin-stimulated choleresis. | insulin is one of several neurohumoral substances known to have a choleretic effect in vivo and in the isolated perfused rat liver. infusion of insulin in the perfused rat liver preparation results in stimulation of bile acid-independent bile flow evidenced by increased bile flow, decreased bile acid concentration, and stable bile acid output. the mechanism of insulin-stimulated choleresis is unknown but may involve calcium as an intracellular second messenger. the present studies were performed ... | 1990 | 2193196 |