| comparative assessment of copper, iron, and zinc contents in selected indian (assam) and south african (thohoyandou) tea (camellia sinensis l.) samples and their infusion: a quest for health risks to consumer. | the current study aims to assess the infusion pattern of three important micronutrients namely copper (cu), iron (fe), and zinc (zn) contents from black tea samples produced in assam (india) and thohoyandou (south africa). average daily intakes and hazardous quotient were reported for these micronutrients. total content for cu, fe, and zn varied from 2.25 to 48.82 mg kg(-1), 14.75 to 148.18 mg kg(-1), and 28.48 to 106.68 mg kg(-1), respectively. the average contents of each of the three micronut ... | 2017 | 27339254 |
| the microbiome and metabolites in fermented pu-erh tea as revealed by high-throughput sequencing and quantitative multiplex metabolite analysis. | pu-erh is a tea produced in yunnan, china by microbial fermentation of fresh camellia sinensis leaves by two processes, the traditional raw fermentation and the faster, ripened fermentation. we characterized fungal and bacterial communities in leaves and both pu-erhs by high-throughput, rdna-amplicon sequencing and we characterized the profile of bioactive extrolite mycotoxins in pu-erh teas by quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. we identified 390 fungal and 629 bacteria ... | 2016 | 27337135 |
| heavy metal content in tea soils and their distribution in different parts of tea plants, camellia sinensis (l). o. kuntze. | soils contaminated with heavy metals may pose a threat to environment and human health if metals enter the food chain over and above threshold levels. in general, there is a lack of information on the presence of heavy metals in tea [camellia sinensis (l). o. kuntze] plants and the soils in which they are grown. therefore, an attempt was made to establish a database on the important heavy metals: cadmium (cd), chromium (cr), nickel (ni), and lead (pb). for an initial survey on heavy metals, soil ... | 2016 | 27334344 |
| the effect of black tea (camellia sinensis (l) kuntze) on pediatrics with acute nonbacterial diarrhea: a randomized controlled trial. | we aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of black tea in pediatric patients with acute nonbacterial diarrhea. this single-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 2 to 12-year-old patients, with acceptable criteria for acute nonbacterial diarrhea in shiraz, iran. in total, 120 patients took part in this study. blocked randomization method was used to allocate them into 2 groups of intervention (black tea tablet + standard treatment) and control group (standard treatment; 60 pa ... | 2017 | 27324724 |
| development of caps markers to identify indian tea (camellia sinensis) clones with high catechin content. | tea leaves are rich in plant secondary phenolics, especially flavonoids. catechins are considered to be the most valuable flavonoids, and the catechin content in tea is an important trait for determining its quality. we have developed cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (caps)-based markers for evaluating total catechin content that target two important secondary metabolite pathway genes, pal (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) and chs (chalcone synthase). catechin content levels in the tea samples ... | 2016 | 27323162 |
| inhibition of salivary amylase by black tea in high-caries and low-caries index children: a comparative in vivo study. | dental caries is a universal disease. dietary modification is important in reducing the occurrence of dental caries. tea which is so frequently consumed with cariogenic starch rich food is proposed to have anticariogenic potential. the various mechanism has been proposed for same and one being inhibition of salivary amylase activity. | 2017 | 27313414 |
| the prevalence of dental fluorosis and its associated factors in salem district. | there are various regions in india that have high levels of fluoride in drinking water sources. many people residing in such places suffer from dental fluorosis (df). | 2017 | 27307668 |
| subcellular localization of galloylated catechins in tea plants [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] assessed via immunohistochemistry. | galloylated catechins, as the main secondary metabolites in the tea plant, including (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate, comprise approximately three-quarters of all the tea plant catechins and have stronger effects than non-galloylated catechins, both on the product quality in tea processing and the pharmacological efficacy to human beings. the subcellular localization of galloylated catechins has been the primary focus of studies that assess biosynthesis and physiolog ... | 2016 | 27303422 |
| black hairy tongue with a fixed dose combination of olanzapine and fluoxetine. | black hairy tongue (bht) is a benign disease characterized by elongated filiform lingual papillae, with a carpet-like appearance of the dorsum of the tongue. it is has been reported to occur with a prevalence ranging from 0.6% to 11.3%. although its etiology is not fully understood, bht may be triggered by smoking, excessive coffee or black tea drinking, poor oral hygiene, trigeminal neuralgia, general debilitation, dry mouth as well as certain drugs. we present here a case of a patient with psy ... | 2017 | 27298505 |
| the occurrence and distribution of tuckerella japonica (acari: tuckerellidae) on tea bushes, camellia sinensis and c. assamica, in alabama, georgia and south carolina, usa. | adults, immatures and eggs of tuckerella japonica (ehara) were collected from unknown clones or varieties of camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze tea bushes in the clemson university farm, coastal research and education center, charleston, south carolina; from assam hybrids in the caw caw nature preserve in ravenel, sc; from c. sinensis and c. assamica (masters) in the charleston tea plantation on wadmalaw island, sc; c. sinensis in the fairhope tea plantation in fairhope, alabama; and from c. sinen ... | 2016 | 27294360 |
| antioxidative potential, nutritional value and sensory profiles of confectionery fortified with green and yellow tea leaves (camellia sinensis). | this paper presents a study on development of functional food products containing green and yellow tea leaves. the results indicated that green and yellow tea are significant tools in the creation of the nutritional value, antioxidative potential and stability of the lipid fraction of cookies. tea-fortified cookies showed considerably higher contents of dietary fiber, especially hemicellulose and insoluble fractions, and were characterized by significantly higher antioxidant potential associated ... | 2016 | 27283654 |
| small rna and degradome profiling reveals important roles for micrornas and their targets in tea plant response to drought stress. | tea (camellia sinensis) is a popular beverage worldwide. drought stress (ds) is a major constraint on the growth, yield and quality of tea plants. micrornas (mirnas) play important roles in plant responses to ds. we constructed eight small rna libraries from the drought-tolerant 'ningzhou 2' (nz2) and drought-susceptible 'zhuyeqi' (zyq) cultivars during four stages [control (ck), the fourth day of ds, the eighth day of ds and after recovery (rc)]. a total of 268 conserved and 62 novel mirnas wer ... | 2016 | 27282332 |
| oolong tea made from tea plants from different locations in yunnan and fujian, china showed similar aroma but different taste characteristics. | consistent aroma characteristics are important for tea products. however, understanding the formation of tea aroma flavor and correspondingly proposing applicable protocols to control tea quality and consistency remain major challenges. oolong tea is one of the most popular teas with a distinct flavor. generally, oolong tea is processed with the leaves of tea trees belonging to different subspecies and grown in significantly different regions. in this study, yunnan and fujian oolong teas, green ... | 2016 | 27247873 |
| selection and verification of candidate reference genes for mature microrna expression by quantitative rt-pcr in the tea plant (camellia sinensis). | quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) is a rapid and sensitive method for analyzing microrna (mirna) expression. however, accurate qrt-pcr results depend on the selection of reliable reference genes as internal positive controls. to date, few studies have identified reliable reference genes for differential expression analysis of mirnas among tissues, and among experimental conditions in plants. in this study, three mirnas and four non-coding small rnas (ncrna) w ... | 2016 | 27240406 |
| association between dietary intake and bone mineral density in japanese postmenopausal women: the yokogoshi cohort study. | diet and food intake play an important role in the development of osteoporosis. however, apart from calcium and vitamin d, how nutrients affect bone status is not fully understood. the purpose of this study was to determine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between dietary intake and bone mineral density (bmd) in japanese postmenopausal women. this 5-year cohort study included 600 community-dwelling women aged 55-74 years at baseline in 2005. information on demographics, nutrition, a ... | 2016 | 27238552 |
| theaflavin synthesized in a selective, domino-type, one-pot enzymatic biotransformation method with camellia sinensis cell culture inhibits weight gain and fat accumulation to high-fat diet-induced obese mice. | the polyphenolic compound theaflavin, which is the main red pigment present in black tea, is reported to elicit various physiological effects. because of the extremely low concentration of theaflavin present in black tea, its extraction from black tea leaves in quantities sufficient for use in medical studies has been difficult. we have developed a simple, inexpensive, selective, domino-type, one-pot enzymatic biotransformation method for the synthesis of theaflavin that is suitable for use in m ... | 2016 | 27237789 |
| anti-cancer effects of green tea by either anti- or pro- oxidative mechanisms. | tea derived from the leaves and buds of camellia sinensis (theaceae) is consumed worldwide. green tea contains various components with specific health-promoting effects, and is believed to exert protective effects against diseases including cancer, diabetes and hepatitis, as well as obesity. of the various tea components, the polyphenol catechins have been the subject of extensive investigation and among the catechins, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate has the strongest bioactivity in most cases. our ... | 2016 | 27221834 |
| the effect of different beverages on the color and translucency of flowable composites. | this study examined the changes in color and translucency of flowable composites after immersion in different beverages. thirty composite samples were prepared from four flowable composites (g-aenial universal flo, filtek ultimate, esthelite flow quick, and clearfil majesty es flow) and a microhybrid composite (filtek z-250) and stored in distilled water at 37°c for 24 h. the samples were randomly divided into seven groups and then immersed in different beverages (red bull, coffee, black tea, pe ... | 2016 | 27220904 |
| indications for three independent domestication events for the tea plant (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) and new insights into the origin of tea germplasm in china and india revealed by nuclear microsatellites. | tea is the world's most popular non-alcoholic beverage. china and india are known to be the largest tea producing countries and recognized as the centers for the domestication of the tea plant (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze). however, molecular studies on the origin, domestication and relationships of the main teas, china type, assam type and cambod type are lacking. | 2016 | 27218820 |
| traditional therapies used to manage diabetes and related complications in mauritius: a comparative ethnoreligious study. | religious communities from mauritius still rely on traditional therapies (tt) for primary healthcare. nonetheless, there is still a dearth of scientific information on tt used by the different religious groups to manage diabetes and related complications (drc). this study aimed to gather ethnomedicinal knowledge on tt used by the different religious groups against drc. diabetic patients (n = 95) and traditional healers (n = 5) were interviewed. fifty-two plant species belonging to 33 families an ... | 2016 | 27200100 |
| nutrition transition in rural tanzania and kenya. | all three types of malnutrition - underweight, overweight and micronutrient deficiency - are experienced in countries undergoing a nutrition transition, and they can occur in parallel in one community or even one household. to combat this triple burden of malnutrition, a combination of different strategies will be necessary, including a focus on food-based strategies that promote the consumption of a wide range of foods across nutritionally distinct food groups. in addition to a literature revie ... | 2016 | 27198465 |
| evaluation and quantitative analysis of different growth periods of herb-arbor intercropping systems using hplc and uv-vis methods coupled with chemometrics. | as a result of the pressure from population explosion, agricultural land resources require further protecting and rationally utilizing. intercropping technique has been widely applied for agricultural production to save cultivated area, improve crop quality, and promote agriculture economy. in this study, we employed high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (uv-vis) combined with chemometrics for determination and qualitative evaluation of several kinds ... | 2016 | 27193013 |
| effect of catechins on fattening performance, meat quality, some antioxidant and blood parameters and fattening costs in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of green tea (camellia sinensis) catechins in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). quail were fed with a basal diet, and the treatment groups were fed on the basal diet with 1.25 or 2.50 g/kg catechin supplementation for 30 d. fattening performance and meat quality of the quail were estimated. serum total antioxidant status (tas), plasma and liver malondialdehyde (mda) and some serum biochemical parameters were measure ... | 2016 | 27186659 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals self-incompatibility in the tea plant (camellia sinensis) might be under gametophytic control. | self-incompatibility (si) is under genetic control and prevents inbreeding depression in angiosperms. si mechanisms are quite complicated and still poorly understood in many plants. tea (camellia sinensis l.) belonging to the family of theaceae, exhibits high levels of si and high heterozygosity. uncovering the molecular basis of si of the tea plant may enhance breeding and simplify genomics research for the whole family. | 2016 | 27183979 |
| impact of flavonoid-rich black tea and beetroot juice on postprandial peripheral vascular resistance and glucose homeostasis in obese, insulin-resistant men: a randomized controlled trial. | insulin-stimulated muscle blood flow facilitates plasma glucose disposal after a meal, a mechanism that is impaired in obese, insulin-resistant volunteers. nitrate- or flavonoid-rich products, through their proposed effects on nitric oxide, may improve postprandial blood flow and, subsequently, glucose disposal. to investigate whether a single dose of nitrate-rich beetroot juice or flavonoid-rich black tea lowers postprandial muscle vascular resistance in obese volunteers and alters postprandial ... | 2016 | 27182277 |
| magnetic effervescent tablet-assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of selenium for speciation in foods and beverages. | a novel, simple and rapid method based on magnetic effervescent tablet-assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (mea-il-dllme) followed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (gfaas) determination was established for the speciation of selenium in various food and beverage samples. in the procedure, a special magnetic effervescent tablet containing co2 sources (sodium carbonate and sodium dihydrogenphosphate), ionic liquids and fe3o4 magnetic nanoparticles (mnps) ... | 2016 | 27181611 |
| critical factors determining fluoride concentration in tea leaves produced from anhui province, china. | this study investigated the fluoride present in tea plants (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) and its relationship to soils, varieties, seasons and tea leaf maturity. the study also explored how different manufacturing processes affect the leaching of fluoride into tea beverages. the fluoride concentration in the tea leaves was significantly correlate to the concentration of water-soluble fluoride in the soil. different tea varieties accumulated different levels of fluoride, with varieties, anji ... | 2016 | 27162130 |
| black tea polyphenols and polysaccharides improve body composition, increase fecal fatty acid, and regulate fat metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. | with the current changes in diet and living habits, obesity has become a global health problem. thus, the weight-reducing function of tea has attracted considerable attention. this study investigated the anti-obesity effect and the mechanism of black tea (bt) polyphenols and polysaccharides in male sprague-dawley rats. the bt polyphenols and polysaccharides reduced the body weight, lee's index, visceral fat weight, and fat cell size but improved the biochemical profile and increased the fecal fa ... | 2016 | 27161951 |
| switching to instant black coffee modulates sodium selenite-induced cataract in rats. | the influence of daily consumption of some common beverages on the development of cataract in rats was investigated. total phenol content was determined in the beverages and an oral standardized dose of total phenols from each beverage was given to the treated rats. weaned male albino rats were used and divided into five groups (n=7). rats were fed ain 93g and administered the standardized dose of instant coffee, black tea and hibiscus beverages for 30 days. on day 14 all rats were injected with ... | 2016 | 27158251 |
| risk assessment of mineral and heavy metal content of selected tea products from the ghanaian market. | food consumption is the most likely route of human exposure to metals. tea (camellia sinensis l.) is among the most widely consumed non-alcoholic beverages. concentrations of heavy metals and minerals in tea from 15 different brands in kumasi, ghana were measured to assess the health risk associated with their consumption. the mineral and metal contents (fe, cu, zn, pb, as, cd) were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (z-8100 polarized zeeman). the results revealed that the mean c ... | 2016 | 27154053 |
| combined cytological and transcriptomic analysis reveals a nitric oxide signaling pathway involved in cold-inhibited camellia sinensis pollen tube growth. | nitric oxide (no) as a signaling molecule plays crucial roles in many abiotic stresses in plant development processes, including pollen tube growth. here, the signaling networks dominated by no during cold stress that inhibited camellia sinensis pollen tube growth are investigated in vitro. cytological analysis show that cold-induced no is involved in the inhibition of pollen tube growth along with disruption of the cytoplasmic ca(2+) gradient, increase in ros content, acidification of cytoplasm ... | 2016 | 27148289 |
| the impact of theaflavins on systemic-and microcirculation alterations: the murine and randomized feasibility trials. | theaflavins are polyphenols found in black tea; their physiological activities were not well investigated. the present study in rats evaluated the influence of theaflavins on circulation. in addition, an intervention pilot study examined the influence of a theaflavin drink on postprandial hemodynamic change. in an animal study, a single oral dose of theaflavin rich fraction (tf, 10mg/kg) caused transient increase in mean blood pressure (mbp) and heart rate (hr). tf also elevated cremastric blood ... | 2016 | 27142743 |
| swapdt: a method for short-time withering assessment of probability for drought tolerance in camellia sinensis validated by targeted metabolomics. | climate change is causing droughts affecting crop production on a global scale. classical breeding and selection strategies for drought-tolerant cultivars will help prevent crop losses. plant breeders, for all crops, need a simple and reliable method to identify drought-tolerant cultivars, but such a method is missing. plant metabolism is often disrupted by abiotic stress conditions. to survive drought, plants reconfigure their metabolic pathways. studies have documented the importance of metabo ... | 2016 | 27137993 |
| anticariogenic activity of black tea - an invivo study. | teas is known for its anticariogenic properties and various mechanisms have been invoked to explain this effect. one such proposed mechanism is inhibition of salivary alpha amylase activity by endogenous tannins present in tea. | 2016 | 27135007 |
| the effect of dietary pigmentation on the esthetic appearance of clear orthodontic elastomeric modules. | to compare the stain resistance of three types of clear elastomeric modules exposed to several common dietary substances through the assessment of the perception of a group of dentists to discoloration using visual analog scale (vas). | 2017 | 27127754 |
| fortification of alcoholic beverages (12% v/v) with tea (camellia sinensis) reduces harmful effects of alcohol ingestion and metabolism in mouse model. | an animal model was used to study the health benefits inherent in tea fortified alcoholic beverages fed to laboratory mice. | 2016 | 27110378 |
| tea consumption is inversely associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly: a cross-sectional study in eastern china. | epidemiological studies suggest that higher tea consumption was associated with lower risk of depressive symptoms, but this has not been found consistently. moreover, the effect of different types of tea on depressive symptoms needs to be further explored. this study aimed to examine the association between tea consumption and depressive symptoms in chinese elderly. | 2016 | 27107254 |
| differential transcriptome analysis of leaves of tea plant (camellia sinensis) provides comprehensive insights into the defense responses to ectropis oblique attack using rna-seq. | tea is a very popular and healthy nonalcoholic beverage worldwide. as an evergreen woody plant, the cultivation of tea plants (camellia sinensis) is challenged by biotic stresses, and one of which is feeding of ectropis oblique. in china, e. oblique infestation causes serious damages in many tea cultivation areas. tea plants have evolved sophisticated strategies to cope with attack by e. oblique. to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the response to e. oblique in tea plants, the differential ... | 2016 | 27098524 |
| hypocholestrolic effect of spent black tea leaves replaced with wheat bran in broiler ration. | black tea leaves (camellia sinensis) have been known for many years in lowering cholesterol level. the purpose of the present study was to find the effects of spent black tea leaves as a substitute of wheat bran on cholesterol reduction in broiler chicks. for this purpose a total of hundred & fifty (150), day old broiler poultry chicks were purchased from the local market. the spent black tea leaves were collected from tea stalls. chicks were randomly distributed into 5 main groups according to ... | 2016 | 27087091 |
| theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate induces apoptosis and g2 cell cycle arrest through the akt/mdm2/p53 pathway in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer a2780/cp70 cells. | ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer among women worldwide. adverse side effects and acquired resistance to conventional platinum based chemotherapy are major impediments in ovarian cancer treatment, and drive the development of more selective anticancer drugs that target cancer-specific defects. in this study, theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate (tf3), the major theaflavin monomer in black tea, exhibited a potent growth inhibitory effect on the cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer a2780/ ... | 2016 | 27082635 |
| green tea (-)-epigallotocatechin-3-gallate induces pgc-1α gene expression in hepg2 cells and 3t3-l1 adipocytes. | green tea (camellia sinensis) is one of the most popular beverages in the world and has been acknowledged for centuries as having significant health benefits. (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) is the most abundant catechin in green tea, and it has been reported to have health benefit effects. peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator (pgc)-1α is a crucial regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and hepatic gluconeogenesis. the objective of this study was to investigate whether e ... | 2016 | 27069908 |
| determination of some selected secondary metabolites and their invitro antioxidant activity in commercially available ethiopian tea (camellia sinensis). | eight brands of tea (camellia sinensis),which are cultivated and commercially available in ethiopian market, were analyzed for estimation of their total secondary metabolites (polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins) content and free radical scavenging activity which is expressed on dry weight basis. in this present study, the total polyphenols, tannin and flavonoid contents were studied spectrophotometrically using folin-dennis, folin-dennis/protein precipitation and aluminium chloride methods resp ... | 2016 | 27069832 |
| transcriptomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms of drought-stress-induced decreases in camellia sinensis leaf quality. | the tea plant [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] is an important commercial crop rich in bioactive ingredients, especially catechins, caffeine, theanine and other free amino acids, which the quality of tea leaves depends on. drought is the most important environmental stress affecting the yield and quality of this plant. in this study, the effects of drought stress on the phenotype, physiological characteristics and major bioactive ingredients accumulation of c. sinensis leaves were examined, an ... | 2016 | 27066035 |
| de novo sequencing of the leaf transcriptome reveals complex light-responsive regulatory networks in camellia sinensis cv. baijiguan. | tea plants (camellia sinensis l.) possess high genetic diversity that is important for breeding. one cultivar, baijiguan, exhibits a yellow leaf phenotype, reduced chlorophyll (chl) content, and aberrant chloroplast structures under high light intensity. in contrast, under low light intensity, the flush shoot from baijiguan becomes green, the chl content increases significantly, and the chloroplasts exhibit normal structures. to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms for these observatio ... | 2016 | 27047513 |
| (-)-epigallocatechin gallate inhibits asymmetric dimethylarginine-induced injury in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. | (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) is the main polyphenol component of green tea (leaves of the camellia sinensis plant). egcg has been reported to protect human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hbmecs) against injury in several models. however, the exact mechanism is still unclear. in the current study we found that egcg protected against asymmetric dimethylarginine (adma)-induced hbmec injury, and inhibited adma-induced reactive oxygen species production and malondialdehyde expression. ... | 2016 | 27038929 |
| three new oxidation products produced from epigallocatechin-3- o-gallate and epicatechin-3-o-gallate. | during chemical studies on uncharacterized black tea polyphenols, the enzymatic oxidation of a mixture of epigallocatechin-3-o-gallate (1) and epicatechin-3-o-gallate (2) was examined, and three new dimeric products together with six known catechin dimers were isolated. two of the new compounds have tricyclo[5.2.2.0²,⁶]undecane and tricyclo[5.2.1.0²,⁶]decane carboxyl structures generated by oxidative coupling between two pyrogallol-b-rings of 1. another new product was a dimer connected by a c-c ... | 2016 | 27032198 |
| theanine and caffeine content of infusions prepared from commercial tea samples. | caffeine and l-theanine are pharmacologically important constituents of tea, especially due to their effects on the central nervous system. the effects of these two compounds are opposite: while caffeine is a well-known stimulant, theanine has a relaxing effect. tea processing may influence the caffeine and theanine content of tea leaves. | 2017 | 27019564 |
| principles of biomedical agriculture applied to the plant family theaceae to identify novel interventions for cancer prevention and control. | plant materials from the family theaceae have been used for over a thousand years as integral components within the food systems of many globally distributed cultures and to treat a variety of human ailments. these markedly different uses remain of considerable interest in the 21st century. this perspective draws heavily from the agricultural and biomedical literature published using plant materials from the genus camellia. our objective is to provide a rationale and framework for broadening the ... | 2016 | 27011038 |
| investigation of free amino acid, total phenolics, antioxidant activity and purine alkaloids to assess the health properties of non-camellia tea. | to find novel functional beverages from folk teas, 33 species of frequently used non-camellia tea (plants other than camellia) were collected and compared with camellia tea (green tea, pu-erh tea and black tea) for the first time. data are reported here on the quantities of 20 free amino acids (faas) and three purine alkaloids (measured by uhplc), total polyphenols (measured by folin-ciocalteu assay), and antioxidant activity (dpph). the total amounts of faas in non-camellia tea (0.62-18.99 mg/g ... | 2016 | 27006902 |
| rapid and direct volatile compound profiling of black and green teas (camellia sinensis) from different countries with ptr-tof-ms. | volatile profiles of 63 black and 38 green teas from different countries were analysed with proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometry (ptr-tof-ms) both for tea leaves and tea infusion. the headspace volatile fingerprints were collected and the tea classes and geographical origins were tracked with pattern recognition techniques. the high mass resolution achieved by tof mass analyser provided determination of sum formula and tentative identifications of the mass peaks. the results ... | 2016 | 26992494 |
| lc-dad-esi-ms/ms characterization of phenolic constituents in turkish black tea: effect of infusion time and temperature. | the influence of different infusion times and temperatures on phenolic, antioxidant, and color properties of black teas (camellia sinensis l.) was investigated in the present study. the teas were prepared using infusion times of 3, 6, and 10min at 80 and 100°c. liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (lc-dad-esi-ms/ms), whereby the two purine alkaloids were detected using positive esi, and the other 33 phenolic compounds were de ... | 2016 | 26988497 |
| contents and compositions of policosanols in green tea (camellia sinensis) leaves. | policosanol (pc) is a mixture of health promoting bioactive long-chain aliphatic alcohols. here, we report that green tea (camellia sinensis) leaves are the exceptionally rich plant-sources of pc. young and tender leaves and old and turf leaves of c. sinensis were hand-picked in spring and autumn. the total contents of pc in the leaves were in the range of 726.2-1363.6mg/kg as determined by a gc-ms/ms. the compositions of pc in the leaves were different with harvest season and types. the total c ... | 2016 | 26988480 |
| evaluation of safety and antioxidant activity of yellow tea (camellia sinensis) extract for application in food. | the article presents an evaluation of the safety of yellow tea (camellia sinensis) extract consumption and its antioxidant activity in an animal model. wistar rats were exposed through diet to 2, 6, and 10 g yellow tea extract/kg feed for 90 days. no signs of toxicity and no differences in mean body weight gain in the treated and control rats were recorded throughout the experiment. no statistically significant differences in hematology findings and clinical chemistry parameters were observed be ... | 2016 | 26987026 |
| cssad: a fatty acid desaturase gene involved in abiotic resistance in camellia sinensis (l.). | tea (camellia sinensis l.) is a thermophilic evergreen woody plant that has poor cold tolerance. the sad gene plays a key role in regulating fatty acid synthesis and membrane lipid fluidity in response to temperature change. in this study, full-length sad cdna was cloned from tea leaves using rapid amplification of cdna ends and polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods. sequence analysis demonstrated that cssad had a high similarity to other corresponding cdnas. at 25°c, the cssad transcrip ... | 2016 | 26985937 |
| antioxidant and antifungal activities of camellia sinensis (l.) kuntze leaves obtained by different forms of production. | the antioxidant and anticandidal activities of leaves obtained from camellia sinensis by non-fermentation (green and white teas), semi-fermentation (red tea) and fermentation method (black tea) were investigated. it was evaluated the total phenolic content by folin-ciocalteau assay; antioxidant capacities were evaluated in vitro using dpph and abts radicals, hypochlorous acid and superoxide anion scavenger assays, induced hemolysis, lipid peroxidation by conjugated diene formation and myeloperox ... | 2016 | 26983085 |
| understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer prevention by dietary phytochemicals: from experimental models to clinical trials. | chemoprevention is one of the cancer prevention approaches wherein natural/synthetic agent(s) are prescribed with the aim to delay or disrupt multiple pathways and processes involved at multiple steps, i.e., initiation, promotion, and progression of cancer. amongst environmental chemopreventive compounds, diet/beverage-derived components are under evaluation, because of their long history of exposure to humans, high tolerability, low toxicity, and reported biological activities. this compilation ... | 2016 | 26981198 |
| recent advances in volatiles of teas. | volatile compounds are important components of tea aroma, a key attribute of sensory quality. the present review examines the formation of aromatic volatiles of various kinds of teas and factors influencing the formation of tea volatiles, including tea cultivar, growing environment and agronomic practices, processing method and storage of tea. the determination of tea volatiles and the relationship of active-aroma volatiles with the sensory qualities of tea are also discussed in the present pape ... | 2016 | 26978340 |
| quantitative analysis of major phytochemicals in orthodox tea (camellia sinensis), oxidized under compressed air environment. | this study describes major changes in phytochemical composition of orthodox tea (camellia sinensis var. assamica) oxidized under compressed air (ca). the experiments for oxidation were conducted under air pressure (101, 202, and 303 kpa) for 150 min. relative change in the concentrations of caffeine, catechins, theaflavins (tf), and thearubigins (tr) were analyzed. effect of ca pressure was found to be nonsignificant in regulating caffeine concentration during oxidation. but degradation in diffe ... | 2016 | 26970442 |
| [rapid and dynamic determination models of amino acids and catechins concentrations during the processing procedures of keemun black tea]. | tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. for the contribution to the taste and healthy functions of tea, amino acids and catechins are important components. among different kinds of black teas in the world, keemun black tea has the famous and specific fragrance, "keemun aroma". during the processing procedure of keemun black tea, the contents of amino acids and catechins changed greatly, and the differences of these concentrations during processing varied significantly. however, a ... | 2015 | 26964222 |
| genetic divergence between camellia sinensis and its wild relatives revealed via genome-wide snps from rad sequencing. | tea is one of the most popular beverages across the world and is made exclusively from cultivars of camellia sinensis. many wild relatives of the genus camellia that are closely related to c. sinensis are native to southwest china. in this study, we first identified the distinct genetic divergence between c. sinensis and its wild relatives and provided a glimpse into the artificial selection of tea plants at a genome-wide level by analyzing 15,444 genomic snps that were identified from 18 cultiv ... | 2016 | 26962860 |
| adverse effects of plant food supplements and plants consumed as food: results from the poisons centres-based plantlibra study. | plant food supplements (pfs) are products of increasing popularity and wide-spread distribution. nevertheless, information about their risks is limited. to fill this gap, a poisons centres-based study was performed as part of the eu project plantlibra. multicentre retrospective review of data from selected european and brazilian poisons centres, involving human cases of adverse effects due to plants consumed as food or as ingredients of food supplements recorded between 2006 and 2010. ten poison ... | 2016 | 26948409 |
| identification of udp-glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of astringent taste compounds in tea (camellia sinensis). | galloylated catechins and flavonol 3-o-glycosides are characteristic astringent taste compounds in tea (camellia sinensis). the mechanism involved in the formation of these metabolites remains unknown in tea plants. in this paper, 178 ugt genes (csugts) were identified inc. sinensis based on an analysis of tea transcriptome data. phylogenetic analysis revealed that 132 of these genes were clustered into 15 previously established phylogenetic groups (a to m, o and p) and a newly identified group ... | 2016 | 26941235 |
| quantification of flavonol glycosides in camellia sinensis by mrm mode of uplc-qqq-ms/ms. | phenolic compounds are major components of tea flavour, in which catechins and flavonol glycosides play important roles in the astringent taste of tea infusion. however, the flavonol glycosides are difficult to quantify because of the large variety, as well as the inefficient seperation on chromatography. in this paper, a total of 15 flavonol glycosides in the tea plant (camellia sinensis) were identified by the high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) coupled to a time-of-flight mass spect ... | 2016 | 26937589 |
| adverse effects of plant food supplements self-reported by consumers in the plantlibra survey involving six european countries. | the use of food supplements containing botanicals is increasing in european markets. although intended to maintain the health status, several cases of adverse effects to plant food supplements (pfs) have been described. | 2016 | 26928206 |
| risk assessment of fluoride intake from tea in the republic of ireland and its implications for public health and water fluoridation. | the republic of ireland (roi) is the only european country with a mandatory national legislation requiring artificial fluoridation of drinking water and has the highest per capita consumption of black tea in the world. tea is a hyperaccumulator of fluoride and chronic fluoride intake is associated with multiple negative health outcomes. in this study, fifty four brands of the commercially available black tea bag products were purchased and the fluoride level in tea infusions tested by an ion-sel ... | 2016 | 26927146 |
| structure determination of novel oxidation products from epicatechin: thearubigin-like molecules. | following the oxidation of epicatechin (ec), three novel compounds and two known compounds were isolated. the chemical structures of these oxidation products were determined by mass spectrometry (ms) and various nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) experiments, and the a-ring-b-ring linkage that is characteristic of catechin was found in each molecule. three compounds showed similar ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis) spectra to ec, whereas two compounds showed different spectral absorption in the region b ... | 2016 | 26927046 |
| green tea compound epigallo-catechin-3-gallate (egcg) increases neuronal survival in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in vivo and in vitro. | epigallo-catechin-3-gallate (egcg), found in the leaves of camellia sinensis (green tea), has antioxidant- and scavenger-functions and acts neuroprotectively. it has been publicized as anti-aging remedy but data on potential cellular mechanisms are scarce. recent studies claimed that egcg specifically promotes neural precursor cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of c57bl/6 mice, without changes at the level of immature and mature new neurons. we here analyzed the effects of egcg on adult hip ... | 2016 | 26917271 |
| allergic contact dermatitis to substitute hair dyes in a patient allergic to para-phenylenediamine: pure henna, black tea and indigo powder. | we report a case of a 50-year-old lady with allergic contact dermatitis to para-phenylenediamine, who in her quest to find a substitute hair dye, subsequently reacted to a number of plant-based hair dyes, including pure henna, black tea and indigo powder respectively. while these substances all contain tannins, testing to possible constituents tannic acid and gallic acid was negative. | 2016 | 26916211 |
| the single and synergistic effects of the major tea components caffeine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate and l-theanine on rat sperm viability. | caffeine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) and l-theanine are the major components of tea (camellia sinensis l.) and the main representatives of the classes of methylxanthines, catechins and free amino acids present in this beverage. there are many studies reporting tea's health benefits, however it is not clear if those effects are mediated by a single component or a synergistic action. this study aimed to evaluate the individual and synergistic effects of tea's major components on rat epididy ... | 2016 | 26902467 |
| determination of heavy metals in the soils of tea plantations and in fresh and processed tea leaves: an evaluation of six digestion methods. | the aim of this study was to determine the levels of cadmium (cd), chromium (cr), lead (pb), arsenic (as) and selenium (se) in (1) fresh tea leaves, (2) processed (black) tea leaves and (3) soils from tea plantations originating from bangladesh. | 2016 | 26900397 |
| aluminum induced metabolic responses in two tea cultivars. | tea [camellia sinensis (l.)], is an aluminum (al(3+)) hyperaccumulator plant and grows well in acid soils. in the present study, roots of two tea cultivars, jhc and ys were treated with different concentrations of al(3+). after treatments, the root length, dry matter, root activity and chlorophyll content (spad value) of jhc had greater increase than that of ys. we also detected metabolic changes of two varieties using gc-ms method. comparison between two cultivars indicated that shikimic pathwa ... | 2016 | 26895429 |
| synthesis and application of a nanoporous ion-imprinted polymer for the separation and preconcentration of trace amounts of vanadium from food samples before determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. | a vanadium ion-imprinted polymer was synthesized in the presence of v(v) and n-benzoyl-n-phenyl hydroxyl amine using 4-vinyl pyridine as the monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross linker and 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) as the initiator. the imprinted v(v) ions were completely removed by leaching the polymer with 5 mol/l nitric acid, and the polymer structure was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. the ion-imprinted polymer wa ... | 2016 | 26891590 |
| fecal lipid excretion after consumption of a black tea polyphenol containing beverage-randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study. | obesity is a serious medical condition worldwide. inhibition of lipid absorption is very important in preventing obesity. in a previous study, we found that postprandial elevation of triacylglycerol was suppressed by the intake of black tea polyphenol (btp). we also reported that btp caused lipid excretion into feces in an animal study. the present study is a clinical trial that examined lipid excretion. in this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study, in the first test per ... | 2016 | 26887502 |
| a case of hepatotoxicity related to kombucha tea consumption. | the use of herbal and dietary supplements (hdss) is widespread and growing due to the popular notion that these products are of natural origins and safe. kombucha (or "mushroom") tea is one hds that is consumed by people for various perceived health benefits. kombucha tea is a well-known health beverage made by fermenting sweet black tea with a round, flat, gray fungus for a week or longer. there is concern, however, from the evidence of a few case reports currently available, that it may pose l ... | 2016 | 26882579 |
| spray drying of lipid-based systems loaded with camellia sinensis polyphenols. | in this work, spray-dried lipid systems based on soy phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and lauroyl polyoxylglycerides for entrapping green tea polyphenols were produced. the aim was to study the effects of the encapsulating composition and spray drying conditions on the system performance and physicochemical product properties. the spray dryer powder production yield falls around 50.7 ± 2.8%, which is typical for lab scale spray dryers. wrinkled and rounded particles, with low surface porosities ... | 2017 | 26872795 |
| acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine-caffeine combination on attention. | l-theanine is a constituent of tea which is claimed to enhance cognitive functions. we aimed to determine whether theanine and theanine-caffeine combination have acute positive effects on cognitive and neurophysiological measures of attention, compared to caffeine (a positive control) and a placebo in healthy individuals. | 2016 | 26869148 |
| chemical characterization of heteropolysaccharides from green and black teas (camellia sinensis) and their anti-ulcer effect. | in order to obtain polysaccharides from green and black teas (camellia sinensis), commercial leaves were submitted to infusion and then to alkaline extraction. the extracts were fractionated by freeze-thawing process, giving insoluble and soluble fractions. complex arabinogalactan protein from the soluble fractions of both teas (gtps and btps) were determined by methylation analysis and (1)h/(13)c-hsqc spectroscopy, showing a main chain of (1→3)-β-galp, substituted at o-6 by (1→6)-linked β-galp ... | 2016 | 26861826 |
| [nutrition as a possible risk factor for breast cancer]. | nutrition is an important biological factor, which affects largely on the development of the all functions of the human body. there is known association of the appearance of breast cancer with alimentary factors: inadequate consumption of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, excessive consumption of coffee, tea, sugar, salt, bread, fatty foods, overweight, early age of onset and frequent alcohol consumption. | 2015 | 26856173 |
| application of l-cystine modified zeolite for preconcentration and determination of ultra-trace levels of cadmium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. | a very convenient, sensitive and precise solid phase extraction (spe) system was developed for enrichment and determination of ultra-trace of cadmium ion in water and plant samples. this method was based on the retention of cadmium(ii) ions by l-cystine adsorbed in y-zeolite and carry out in a packed mini-column. the retained cadmium ions then were eluted and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. the scanning electron microscopy (sem), powder x-ray diffraction (xrd) and fourier tra ... | 2016 | 26852265 |
| inhibitory effects of the four main theaflavin derivatives found in black tea on ovarian cancer cells. | some polyphenols induce apoptosis and inhibit angiogenesis. consumption of black tea, rich in polyphenols, has been found to reduce ovarian cancer risk. theaflavin (tf1), theaflavin-3-gallate (tf2a), theaflavin-3'-gallate (tf2b) and theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate (tf3) are four main theaflavin derivatives found in black tea. | 2016 | 26851019 |
| natural antimicrobials and oral microorganisms: a systematic review on herbal interventions for the eradication of multispecies oral biofilms. | oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis are mainly caused by microbial biofilms. antibiotic therapy has reached its limits with regard to antimicrobial resistance, and new therapeutic measures utilizing natural phytochemicals are currently a focus of research. hence, this systematic review provides a critical presentation of the antimicrobial effects of various medicinal herbs against in vitro, ex vivo, and in situ formed multispecies oral biofilms. searches were performed in three englis ... | 2015 | 26834707 |
| in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of limonium algarvense flowers' infusions and decoctions: a comparison with green tea (camellia sinensis). | this work reports the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and toxicity of infusions and decoctions of limonium algarvense flowers, and green tea. the total contents in different phenolic groups and the quantification of individual phenolics by hplc are also reported. l. algarvense and green tea had similar antioxidant properties, except for hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity, higher on green tea, and iron chelating potential, higher on l. algarvense. the later species also ha ... | 2016 | 26830595 |
| l-theanine inhibits proinflammatory pkc/erk/icam-1/il-33 signaling, apoptosis, and autophagy formation in substance p-induced hyperactive bladder in rats. | upregulation of substance p (sp) and neurokinin-1 receptor (nk1r) activation induces pro-inflammatory bladder hyperactivity through the pkc/erk/nf-κb/icam-1/il-33 signaling pathways to increase the leukocyte infiltration and adhesion leading to reactive oxygen species (ros) production, autophagy, and apoptosis. l-theanine is a unique non-protein-forming amino acid present in tea (camellia sinensis [l.] o. kuntze) with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and relaxation effects to improve cognitio ... | 2017 | 26828717 |
| selection of suitable reference genes for qrt-pcr normalization during leaf development and hormonal stimuli in tea plant (camellia sinensis). | tea plant (camellia sinensis) leaf is an important non-alcoholic beverage resource. the application of quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) has a profound significance for the gene expression studies of tea plant, especially when applied to tea leaf development and metabolism. in this study, nine candidate reference genes (i.e., csact7, csef-1α, cseif-4α, csgapdh, cspp2a, cssand, cstbp, cstip41, and cstub) of c. sinensis were cloned. the quantitative expression data of thes ... | 2016 | 26813576 |
| characteristic fluctuations in glycosidically bound volatiles during tea processing and identification of their unstable derivatives. | a recently developed method enabled us to simultaneously characterize and quantitate glycosidically bound volatiles (gbvs) at picomole levels using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (lc-ms). on the basis of the analytical data it is possible to screen tea varieties most suitable for black tea processing, in which higher concentrations of primeverosides accumulate. the primeverosides decreased at the rolling step in black tea processing, whereas the glucopyranosides did not change much. the ... | 2016 | 26805704 |
| pu-erh tea extract ameliorates high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and insulin resistance by modulating hepatic il-6/stat3 signaling in mice. | pu-erh tea, made from the leaves of camellia sinensis, possesses activities beneficial for human health, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-obesity properties. | 2016 | 26794005 |
| synergistic application of black tea extracts and lactic acid bacteria in protecting human colonocytes against oxidative damage. | in view of the potential of lactic acid bacteria (lab) to enhance the antioxidant activity of food products, this work explored the effectiveness of lab fermented black tea samples in alleviating h2o2-induced oxidative stress in human colonocytes. the antioxidant capacity of tea samples was evaluated in terms of cyto-protectiveness, mitochondria membrane potential (δψm)-stabilizing activity, ros-inhibitory effect, and antioxidant enzyme-modulating activity. the effect on oxidative dna damage and ... | 2016 | 26790920 |
| transcriptomic analysis of tea plant responding to drought stress and recovery. | tea plant (camellia sinensis) is an economically important beverage crop. drought stress (ds) seriously limits the growth and development of tea plant, thus affecting crop yield and quality. to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of tea plant responding to ds, we performed transcriptomic analysis of tea plant during the three stages [control (ck) and during ds, and recovery (rc) after ds] using rna sequencing (rna-seq). totally 378.08 million high-quality trimmed reads were obtained and assembled ... | 2016 | 26788738 |
| evaluation of seven different drying treatments in respect to total flavonoid, phenolic, vitamin c content, chlorophyll, antioxidant activity and color of green tea (camellia sinensis or c. assamica) leaves. | the effect of seven drying treatments (sun, shade, oven 60 °c, oven 80 °c, oven 100 °c, microwave and freeze-drying) were evaluated with respect total flavonoid (tfc), phenolic (tpc), antioxidant activity, vitamin c and color characteristics of green tea. in general, drying increased antioxidant activity, tpc, tfc and chlorophyll content, while it led to a decrease in vitamin c. the highest tpc (209.17 mg gallic acid/gdw) and tfc (38.18 mg quercitin/gdw) were obtained in oven drying at 60 and 10 ... | 2016 | 26787992 |
| molecular evidence for multiple phylogenetic groups within two species of invasive spiny whiteflies and their parasitoid wasp. | the invasive orange spiny whitefly (osw) aleurocanthus spiniferus has extended its distribution to non-native areas since the early 20th century. in a similar manner, the invasive tea spiny whitefly (tsw) a. camelliae has been expanding over east asia in recent decades. in this study, the genetic diversity of osw and tsw and of their important parasitoid wasp encarsia smithi was investigated in china and japan to enable more efficient biological control policies. we detected two phylogenetic gro ... | 2016 | 26782948 |
| transcriptomic analysis of camellia ptilophylla and identification of genes associated with flavonoid and caffeine biosynthesis. | camellia ptilophylla, or cocoa tea, is naturally decaffeinated and its predominant catechins and purine alkaloids are trans-catechins and theobromine regular tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. ktze.] is evolutionarily close to cocoa tea and produces cis-catechins and caffeine. here, the transcriptome of c. ptilophylla was sequenced using the 101-bp paired-end technique. the quality of the raw data was assessed to yield 70,227,953 cleaned reads totaling 7.09 gbp, which were assembled de novo into 56, ... | 2015 | 26782523 |
| al(3+) -promoted fluoride accumulation in tea plants (camellia sinensis) was inhibited by an anion channel inhibitor dids. | generally, tea plants are grown in acid soil which is rich in aluminum (al) and fluoride (f). a recent publication showed that pretreatment with al(3+) promoted f accumulation in tea plants by increasing endogenous ca(2+) and calmodulin (cam). a high level of f in tea leaves not only impairs tea quality but also might pose a health risk for people drinking tea regularly. therefore it is important to try to find some clues which might be beneficial in controlling f accumulation in tea plants grow ... | 2016 | 26777729 |
| lifestyle factors and risk of leukemia and non-hodgkin's lymphoma: a case-control study. | risk factors for leukemia and lymphomas in adults are largely unknown. this study was aimed at evaluating the association between lifestyle factors and the risk of hematological malignancies in an adult population. | 2016 | 26759332 |
| effect of cinnamon, cardamom, saffron and ginger consumption on blood pressure and a marker of endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical trial. | herbal medicines with high amounts of phytochemicals have been shown to have beneficial effects on blood pressure (bp), endothelial function and anthropometric measures. this study aimed to determine the effect of herbal treatment on bp, endothelial function and anthropometric measures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm). this clinical trial included 204 t2dm patients randomly assigned to four intervention groups receiving 3 g cinnamon, 3 g cardamom, 1 g saffron or 3 g ginger with t ... | 2016 | 26758574 |
| [determination of flavonol glycosides in tea samples by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry]. | an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry (uplc-pda-ms/ms) method was developed for the determination of flavonol glycosides in tea samples. the chromatographic separation was performed on an uplc hss t3 column by gradient elution with the mobile phases of acetonitrile and water both containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid. a total of 15 flavonol glycosides which include 3 myricetin glycosides, 6 quercetin glycosides and 6 kaempferol glycosides ... | 2015 | 26753286 |
| effect of resin and photoinitiator on color, translucency and color stability of conventional and low-shrinkage model composites. | to study the effect of a low-shrinkage methacrylate monomer and monoacylphosphine oxide photoinitiator on color, translucency, and color stability of model resin-based composites (rbcs). | 2016 | 26743968 |
| anion channel inhibitor nppb-inhibited fluoride accumulation in tea plant (camellia sinensis) is related to the regulation of ca²⁺, cam and depolarization of plasma membrane potential. | tea plant is known to be a hyper-accumulator of fluoride (f). over-intake of f has been shown to have adverse effects on human health, e.g., dental fluorosis. thus, understanding the mechanisms fluoride accumulation and developing potential approaches to decrease f uptake in tea plants might be beneficial for human health. in the present study, we found that pretreatment with the anion channel inhibitor nppb reduced f accumulation in tea plants. simultaneously, we observed that nppb triggered ca ... | 2016 | 26742036 |
| determination of 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-cqa) as one of the major classes of chlorogenic acid in commercial tea and coffee samples. | tea and coffee are one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world due to their beneficial health effects which are largely associated with their phenolic compounds composition, including chlorogenic acid. the main aim of this study was to determine 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-cqa), as one of the major classes of chlorogenic acid, in various commercial tea and coffee samples present at the serbian market. | 2015 | 26731977 |
| epigallocatechin gallate and mitochondria-a story of life and death. | epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) is a flavonoid belonging to the chemical class of falvan-3-ols (catechins) esterified with gallic acid. it is the main catechin found in green tea (camellia sinensis l.) accounting for about 50% of its total polyphenols. extensive research performed in recent years has revealed that green tea demonstrates a wide range of positive biological activities against serious chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative pathologies, cancer, metabolic syndr ... | 2016 | 26731017 |
| protective effects of black tea extract against oxidative dna damage in human lymphocytes. | the aim of the present study was to examine the genoprotective and radioprotective effects of black tea extract (bte) against the induction of single strand dna breaks in human lymphocytes subjected to hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) or gamma-rays (2 gy dose). lymphocytes were incubated with or without different concentrations of bte (0.005-500 µg/ml) for 30 min, followed by treatment with or without h2o2 (0.088 µmol/l) for 5 min. to examine the radioprotective effect of bte, the lymphocytes were incub ... | 2016 | 26718244 |