| effect of sexual activity on vaginal colonization with hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli and gardnerella vaginalis. | bacterial vaginosis is associated with sexual activity, but mechanisms for this association are unclear. | 2011 | 22082725 |
| Elucidation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of the Natural Antimicrobial Peptide Subtilosin Against the Bacterial Vaginosis-associated Pathogen Gardnerella vaginalis. | Subtilosin A is a 35-amino acid long cyclical peptide produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens that has potent antimicrobial activity against a variety of human pathogens, including the bacterial vaginosis-related Gardnerella vaginalis. The specific mode of action of subtilosin against G. vaginalis was elucidated by studying its effects on the proton motive force's (PMF) components: transmembrane electric potential (??), transmembrane pH gradient (?pH), and intracellular ATP levels. The addition o ... | 2011 | 21949544 |
| characteristics of patients with subchorionic hematomas in the second trimester. | aim: the aim of this study was to investigate the etiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with subchorionic hematoma. methods: a case-controlled study was performed to compare characteristics of patients and controls. via ultrasound examination, 47 pregnant patients were found to have subchorionic hematomas and 1075 had no evidence of subchorionic hematomas (controls). in the second trimester, patients were compared with regard to endocervical chlamydia trachomatis and other vaginal ... | 2011 | 21995561 |
| bacterial vaginosis: what is physiological in vaginal bacteriology? an update and opinion. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) was originally described as a sexually transmitted infection caused by a single microbe. the prevailing concept describes bv as a polymicrobial coitus-associated disease of uncertain origin. in this overview the natural history of bv as a monobacterial and polymicrobial entity is examined with respect to the physiological concept of bv in relation to sexual behavior before and after introduction of the hormonal contraceptive pill. bacterial vaginosis, characterized by lo ... | 2011 | 21916857 |
| evidence for gardnerella vaginalis uptake and internalization by squamous vaginal epithelial cells: implications for the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis. | bacterial vaginosis (bv), a common condition seen in premenopausal women, is associated with preterm labor, pelvic inflammatory disease, and delivery of low birth weight infants. gardnerella vaginalis is the predominant bacterial species associated with bv, although its exact role in the pathology of bv is unknown. using immunofluorescence, confocal and transmission electron microscopy, we found that vk2 vaginal epithelial cells take up g. vaginalis after exposure to the bacteria. confocal micro ... | 2011 | 22227318 |
| [antibiotic resistance of gardnerella vaginalis isolated from cases of bacterial vaginosis]. | gardnerella vaginalis is one of the dominant etiological factors related to bacterial vaginosis. literature offers a growing number of reports revealing there appear gardnerella vaginalis strains increasingly resistant to metronidazole. | 2011 | 22384625 |
| the microbiota of the human genitourinary tract: trying to see the forest through the trees. | based on traditional microbiological methods, namely cultivation and microscopic analyses, the vaginal microbiota (vmb) has been defined as healthy when it is predominated by hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacillus spp., most prominently lactobacillis crispatus. similarly, the vmb has been defined as bacterial vaginosis (bv) when it is predominated by gardnerella vaginalis as well as a number of other anaerobic bacterial species. bv is associated with a distinct vaginal discharge syndrome, poo ... | 2012 | 23303991 |
| development and validation of a semiquantitative, multitarget pcr assay for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. | quantitative pcr assays were developed for 4 organisms reported previously to be useful positive indicators for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (bv)--atopobium vaginae, bacterial vaginosis-associated bacterium 2 (bvab-2), gardnerella vaginalis, and megasphaera-1--and a single organism (lactobacillus crispatus) that has been implicated as a negative indicator for bv. vaginal samples (n = 169), classified as positive (n = 108) or negative (n = 61) for bv based on a combination of the nugent g ... | 2012 | 22535982 |
| human papillomavirus and other genital infections in indigenous women from paraguay: a cross-sectional analytical study. | the incidence of cervical cancer in paraguay is among the highest in the world, with the human papillomavirus (hpv) being a necessary factor for cervical cancer. knowledge about hpv infection among indigenous women is limited. this cross-sectional study analyzed the frequency of hpv and other genital infections in indigenous paraguayan women of the department of presidente hayes. | 2013 | 24206645 |
| co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted infections in circumcised and uncircumcised cases in india. | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), is now one of the greatest challenges facing the world. sexual transmission is the primary route of human immunodeficiency virus infection worldwide. male circumcision is being considered as strategy to reduce the burden of hiv/aids. | 2014 | 26396445 |
| evaluation of risk factors in patients attending sti clinic in a tertiary care hospital in north india. | in the past few years, the interest in stds and their management has increased tremendously because of their proven role in facilitation of hiv infection, which, in turn, also increases the risk of acquiring stis. sexually transmitted diseases (stds) are a major health problem affecting mostly young people, not only in developing, but also in developed countries male circumcision is being considered as strategy to reduce the burden of hiv/aids. | 2015 | 26392654 |
| vaginal dysbiosis from an evolutionary perspective. | evolutionary approaches are powerful tools for understanding human disorders. the composition of vaginal microbiome is important for reproductive success and has not yet been characterized in the contexts of social structure and vaginal pathology in non-human primates (nhps). we investigated vaginal size, vulvovaginal pathology and the presence of the main human subtypes of lactobacillus spp./ bv-related species in the vaginal microflora of baboons (papio spp.). we performed morphometric measure ... | 2016 | 27226349 |
| insights into the crispr/cas system of gardnerella vaginalis. | gardnerella vaginalis is identified as the predominant colonist of the vaginal tracts of women diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis (bv). g. vaginalis can be isolated from healthy women, and an asymptomatic bv state is also recognised. the association of g. vaginalis with different clinical phenotypes could be explained by different cytotoxicity of the strains, presumably based on disparate gene content. the contribution of horizontal gene transfer to shaping the genomes of g. vaginalis is acknowl ... | 2012 | 23259527 |
| bacterial vaginosis: an overview for 2009. | bacterial vaginosis has been appreciated as a unique clinical entity for well over 50 years. its essential manifestations are well established: a loss of the normal bacterial population of the vagina and their replacement by other species. investigations into this condition have led to a better understanding of its prevalence and epidemiology. microbiologic and biochemical studies have exposed the remarkably complex pathophysiologic events that occur with bacterial vaginosis. several major morbi ... | 2009 | 19399292 |
| phase i randomized safety study of twice daily dosing of acidform vaginal gel: candidate antimicrobial contraceptive. | acidform gel, an acid-buffering product that inactivates spermatozoa, may be an effective topical non-hormonal contraceptive. this study was designed to evaluate the safety of vaginal dosing and effects of acidform on mucosal immune mediators, antimicrobial properties of genital secretions, and vaginal microbiota. | 2012 | 23056520 |
| extravaginal reservoirs of vaginal bacteria as risk factors for incident bacterial vaginosis. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) represents shifts in microbiota from lactobacillus spp. to diverse anaerobes. although antibiotics relieve symptoms and temporarily eradicate bv-associated bacteria (bvab), bv usually recurs. we investigated the role of extravaginal bvab reservoirs in recurrence. | 2012 | 22448002 |
| vaginal microbiome in women from greenland assessed by microscopy and quantitative pcr. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common condition, although its aetiology remains unexplained. the aim of this study was to analyse the composition of vaginal microbiota in women from greenland to provide a quantitative description and improve the understanding of bv. | 2013 | 24131550 |
| biomedical applications of fermenticin hv6b isolated from lactobacillus fermentum hv6b mtcc10770. | fermenticin hv6b is a class iia antimicrobial peptide produced by lactobacillus fermentum hv6b mtcc 10770 isolated from human vaginal ecosystem. it shows growth inhibition of a wide range of opportunistic pathogens of humans, for example, bacteroides, gardnerella vaginalis, mobiluncus, staphylococci, and streptococci, associated with bacterial vaginosis in humans. it does possess an impressive sperm immobilization and spermicidal activity tested against human sperms which makes it an attractive ... | 2013 | 23984320 |
| enterococcus faecalis inhibits superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1-induced interleukin-8 from human vaginal epithelial cells through tetramic acids. | the vaginal mucosa can be colonized by many bacteria including commensal organisms and potential pathogens, such as staphylococcus aureus. some strains of s. aureus produce the superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, which can penetrate the vaginal epithelium to cause toxic shock syndrome. we have observed that a female was mono-colonized with enterococcus faecalis vaginally as tested in aerobic culture, even upon repeated culture for six months, suggesting this organism was negatively influe ... | 2013 | 23613823 |
| composition of the vaginal microbiota in women of reproductive age--sensitive and specific molecular diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis is possible? | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most common vaginal disorder, characterized by depletion of the normal lactobacillus-dominant microbiota and overgrowth of commensal anaerobic bacteria. this study aimed to investigate the composition of the vaginal microbiota in women of reproductive age (healthy women and women with bv), with the view of developing molecular criteria for bv diagnosis. | 2013 | 23585843 |
| role of gardnerella vaginalis as an etiological agent of bacterial vaginosis. | bacterial vaginosis is a risk factor for obstetric infections, various adverse outcomes of pregnancy and pelvic inflammatory disease. the objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in women attending gynaecology outpatient department (o.p.d) and sexually transmitted disease (s.t.d.) clinic and to assess the role of gardnerella vaginalis as an etiological agent of bacterial vaginosis. | 2014 | 25926959 |
| polyethylene glycol-based hydrogels for controlled release of the antimicrobial subtilosin for prophylaxis of bacterial vaginosis. | current treatment options for bacterial vaginosis (bv) have been shown to be inadequate at preventing recurrence and do not provide protection against associated infections, such as that with hiv. this study examines the feasibility of incorporating the antimicrobial peptide subtilosin within covalently cross-linked polyethylene glycol (peg)-based hydrogels for vaginal administration. the peg-based hydrogels (4% and 6% [wt/vol]) provided a two-phase release of subtilosin, with an initial rapid r ... | 2014 | 24566190 |
| bacterial vaginosis diagnosed by analysis of first-void-urine specimens. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is traditionally diagnosed using vaginal samples. the aim of this study was to investigate whether bv can be diagnosed from first-void urine (fvu). self-collected vaginal smears, vaginal swabs, and fvu were obtained from 176 women. bv was diagnosed by nugent's criteria. the fvu and vaginal swabs were analyzed by quantitative pcrs (qpcrs) for selected vaginal bacteria (atopobium vaginae, prevotella spp., gardnerella vaginalis, bacterial vaginosis-associated bacterium 2, e ... | 2014 | 24197876 |
| prevalence of 7 sexually transmitted organisms by multiplex real-time pcr in fallopian tube specimens collected from saudi women with and without ectopic pregnancy. | ectopic pregnancy (ep) is associated with maternal morbidity and occasionally mortality during the first trimester. a history of sexually transmitted infection (sti) and pelvic inflammatory disease have been implicated as major risk factors for ep. our aim was to measure the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis (ct), neisseria gonorrhoeae, mycoplasma genitalium (mg), ureaplasma parvum/urealyticum, gardnerella vaginalis, trichomonas vaginalis and herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1&2 in fallopian tubes c ... | 2015 | 26666587 |
| lactobacillus crispatus inhibits growth of gardnerella vaginalis and neisseria gonorrhoeae on a porcine vaginal mucosa model. | the vaginal microbiota can impact the susceptibility of women to bacterial vaginosis (bv) and sexually transmitted infections (stis). bv is characterized by depletion of lactobacillus spp., an overgrowth of anaerobes (often dominated by gardnerella vaginalis) and a ph > 4.5. bv is associated with an increased risk of acquiring stis such as chlamydia and gonorrhea. while these associations have been identified, the molecular mechanism(s) driving the risk of infections are unknown. an ex vivo porc ... | 2015 | 26652855 |
| a multiplex real-time pcr assay for routine diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. | a semi-quantitative multiplex pcr assay for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (bv) was evaluated in a prospective study in a population of dutch women with complaints of abnormal vaginal discharge. the pcr targets gardnerella vaginalis, atopobium vaginae, megasphaera phylotype 1, lactobacillus crispatus and lactobacillus iners. together with a short questionnaire, a vaginal swab for pcr and vaginal smear for microscopy were taken by their general practitioner or gynaecologist. data from 151 w ... | 2015 | 26143346 |
| sensitive detection of thirteen bacterial vaginosis-associated agents using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is characterized by a polymicrobial proliferation of anaerobic bacteria and depletion of lactobacilli, which are components of natural vaginal microbiota. currently, there are limited conventional methods for bv diagnosis, and these methods are time-consuming, expensive, and rarely allow for the detection of more than one agent simultaneously. therefore, we conceived and validated a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-pcr) assay for the simultaneous screening of thirt ... | 2015 | 26078959 |
| prevalence of mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma hominis in urogenital tract of brazilian women. | the role of mycoplasma hominis and m. genitalium in urogenital tract infections remains unknown. furthermore these mollicutes present a complex relationship with the host immune response. the role of inflammatory cytokines in infections also makes them good candidates to investigate bacterial vaginosis and mycoplasma genital infections. therefore, the aim of this study was to detect the above-mentioned mollicutes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) methodologies in vaginal swabs and ... | 2015 | 25886914 |
| microbiome composition and function drives wound-healing impairment in the female genital tract. | the mechanism(s) by which bacterial communities impact susceptibility to infectious diseases, such as hiv, and maintain female genital tract (fgt) health are poorly understood. evaluation of fgt bacteria has predominantly been limited to studies of species abundance, but not bacterial function. we therefore sought to examine the relationship of bacterial community composition and function with mucosal epithelial barrier health in the context of bacterial vaginosis (bv) using metaproteomic, metag ... | 2016 | 27656899 |
| preclinical evaluation of tolerability of a selective, bacteriostatic, locally active vaginal formulation. | polybactum (effik international, brussels, belgium) is a vaginal mucoadhesive product (medical device) designed to form a film that acts as a mechanical barrier with the aim of inhibiting colonization by specific pathogens. it contains polycarbophil, a bioadhesive agent, and lauryl glucoside (lg), a nonionic surfactant that reinforces the barrier effect through its tensioactive properties. | 2016 | 27766122 |
| molecular assessment of bacterial vaginosis by lactobacillus abundance and species diversity. | to date, women are most often diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis (bv) using microscopy based nugent scoring or amsel criteria. however, the accuracy is less than optimal. the aim of the present study was to confirm the identity of known bv-associated composition profiles and evaluate indicators for bv using three molecular methods. | 2016 | 27107961 |
| a molecular portrait of maternal sepsis from byzantine troy. | pregnancy complications are poorly represented in the archeological record, despite their importance in contemporary and ancient societies. while excavating a byzantine cemetery in troy, we discovered calcified abscesses among a woman's remains. scanning electron microscopy of the tissue revealed 'ghost cells', resulting from dystrophic calcification, which preserved ancient maternal, fetal and bacterial dna of a severe infection, likely chorioamnionitis. gardnerella vaginalis and staphylococcus ... | 2017 | 28072390 |
| comparison of the vaginal microbiota diversity of women with and without human papillomavirus infection: a cross-sectional study. | the female genital tract is an important bacterial habitat of the human body, and vaginal microbiota plays a crucial role in vaginal health. the alteration of vaginal microbiota affects millions of women annually, and is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes, including human papillomavirus (hpv) infection. however, previous studies have primarily focused on the association between bacterial vaginosis and hpv infection. little is known about the composition of vaginal microbial communi ... | 2013 | 23758857 |
| term and preterm labour are associated with distinct microbial community structures in placental membranes which are independent of mode of delivery. | infection is considered a possible trigger for preterm labour, supported by evidence showing the presence of bacteria in the placenta and placental membranes from preterm births. in this study, 16s rdna pyrosequencing was used to identify bacteria in placental membranes. caesarean sections and vaginal deliveries at term were found to harbour common genera. mycoplasma hominis, aerococcus christensenii, gardnerella vaginalis and fusobacterium nucleatum were either only present in preterm membranes ... | 2014 | 25458966 |
| survival of vaginal microorganisms in three commercially available transport systems. | transport systems are used to collect and maintain the viability of microorganisms. two amies media based transport systems, bd cultureswab™ maxv(+) amies medium without charcoal (maxv(+)) and fisherfinest(®) with amies gel transport medium without charcoal (fisherfinest(®)) were compared to a cary-blair media based transport system, starswab(®) anaerobic transport system (starswab(®)), for their capacity to maintain the viability of 17 clinical microorganisms commonly isolated from the vagina ( ... | 2017 | 28242337 |
| assessment of atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis concentrations in a cohort of pregnant south african women. | the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis concentrations in pregnant women of different age groups, gestational age groups, vaginal flora categories and hiv status, and also to determine which dna concentrations best discriminated between bacterial vaginosis (bv)-positive and non-bv categories. | 2017 | 28143901 |
| evaluation and subsequent optimizations of the quantitative amplisens florocenosis/bacterial vaginosis-frt multiplex real-time pcr assay for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. | traditional microscopy-based methods for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (bv) are underutilized in many settings, and molecular techniques may provide opportunities for rapid, objective, and accurate bv diagnosis. this study evaluated the quantitative amplisens florocenosis/bacterial vaginosis-frt multiplex real-time pcr (florocenosis-bv) assay. vaginal samples from a previous study including unselected female subjects (n = 163) and using amsel criteria and 454 pyrosequencing for bv diagnosis w ... | 2016 | 27714844 |
| utilization of molecular methods to identify prognostic markers for recurrent bacterial vaginosis. | recurrent bacterial vaginosis (bv) after antimicrobial therapy is a major problem, affecting >50% of patients within 1 year. the objective of this study was to determine if prospective identification of patients at risk for recurrence using molecular methods is feasible. | 2016 | 27431434 |
| association of sexual debut in adolescents with microbiota and inflammatory markers. | to investigate the association of sexual debut and vaginal, anorectal, and oral microbiota and vaginal inflammatory markers in female adolescents. | 2016 | 27275789 |
| vaginal microbiota. | the knowledge about the normal and abnormal vaginal microbiome has changed over the last years. culturing techniques are not suitable any more for determination of a normal or abnormal vaginal microbiota. non culture-based modern technologies revealed a complex and dynamic system mainly dominated by lactobacilli.the normal and the abnormal vaginal microbiota are complex ecosystems of more than 200 bacterial species influenced by genes, ethnic background and environmental and behavioral factors. ... | 2016 | 27161352 |
| a fruitful alliance: the synergy between atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis in bacterial vaginosis-associated biofilm. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is characterised by a change in the microbial composition of the vagina. the bv-associated organisms outnumber the health-associated lactobacillus species and form a polymicrobial biofilm on the vaginal epithelium, possibly explaining the difficulties with antibiotic treatment. a better understanding of vaginal biofilm with emphasis on atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis may contribute to a better diagnosis and treatment of bv. | 2016 | 26965870 |
| abnormal vaginal microbiota may be associated with poor reproductive outcomes: a prospective study in ivf patients. | what is the diagnostic performance of qpcr assays compared with nugent scoring for abnormal vaginal microbiota and for predicting the success rate of ivf treatment? | 2016 | 26911864 |
| erratum to: 'screen-and-treat program by point-of-care of atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis in preventing preterm birth (autop trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial'. | | 2016 | 26873474 |
| bacterial vaginosis biofilms: challenges to current therapies and emerging solutions. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most common genital tract infection in women during their reproductive years and it has been associated with serious health complications, such as preterm delivery and acquisition or transmission of several sexually transmitted agents. bv is characterized by a reduction of beneficial lactobacilli and a significant increase in number of anaerobic bacteria, including gardnerella vaginalis, atopobium vaginae, mobiluncus spp., bacteroides spp. and prevotella spp.. bei ... | 2015 | 26834706 |
| development and validation of a highly accurate quantitative real-time pcr assay for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most common gynecological infection in the united states. diagnosis based on amsel's criteria can be challenging and can be aided by laboratory-based testing. a standard method for diagnosis in research studies is enumeration of bacterial morphotypes of a gram-stained vaginal smear (i.e., nugent scoring). however, this technique is subjective, requires specialized training, and is not widely available. therefore, a highly accurate molecular assay for the diagnosis ... | 2016 | 26818677 |
| a dna tool for early detection of vaginal dysbiosis in african women. | a next-generation diagnostic tool for bacterial vaginosis, consisting of quantitative and/or qualitative molecular criteria, has not yet been identified. the optimal diagnostic tool should not only diagnose bacterial vaginosis in diverse populations, but should also detect early signs of transition to dysbiosis. we evaluated a tool based on log10-transformed qpcr data for lactobacillus crispatus, lactobacillus iners, lactobacillus jensenii, lactobacillus gasseri, lactobacillus vaginalis, lactoba ... | 2016 | 26577657 |
| screen-and-treat program by point-of-care of atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis in preventing preterm birth (autop trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. | international recommendations in favor of screening for vaginal infection in pregnancy are based on heterogeneous criteria. in most developed countries, the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis is only recommended for women with high-risk of preterm birth. the nugent score is currently used, but molecular quantification tools have recently been reported with a high sensitivity and specificity. their value for reducing preterm birth rates and related complications remains unexplored. this trial was d ... | 2015 | 26482128 |
| unravelling the bacterial vaginosis-associated biofilm: a multiplex gardnerella vaginalis and atopobium vaginae fluorescence in situ hybridization assay using peptide nucleic acid probes. | bacterial vaginosis (bv), a condition defined by increased vaginal discharge without significant inflammation, is characterized by a change in the bacterial composition of the vagina. lactobacillus spp., associated with a healthy vaginal microbiome, are outnumbered by bv-associated organisms. these bacteria could form a polymicrobial biofilm which allows them to persist in spite of antibiotic treatment. in this study, we examined the presence of gardnerella vaginalis and atopobium vaginae in vag ... | 2015 | 26305575 |
| combination of microbiological culture and multiplex pcr increases the range of vaginal microorganisms identified in cervical cancer patients at high risk for bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) and vaginitis in cervical cancer patients might becaused by mixed aerobic, anaerobic, and atypical bacteria. since genital tract infections can be complicated, early and accurate identification of causal pathogens is vital. | 2015 | 26117968 |
| influence of biofilm formation by gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobes on bacterial vaginosis. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the worldwide leading vaginal disorder among women of reproductive age. bv is characterized by the replacement of beneficial lactobacilli and the augmentation of anaerobic bacteria. gardnerella vaginalis is a predominant bacterial species, but bv is also associated with other numerous anaerobes, such as atopobium vaginae, mobiluncus mulieris, prevotella bivia, fusobacterium nucleatum, and peptoniphilus species. currently, the role of g. vaginalis in the etiology of bv ... | 2015 | 26080369 |
| the significance of lactobacillus crispatus and l. vaginalis for vaginal health and the negative effect of recent sex: a cross-sectional descriptive study across groups of african women. | women in sub-saharan africa are vulnerable to acquiring hiv infection and reproductive tract infections. bacterial vaginosis (bv), a disruption of the vaginal microbiota, has been shown to be strongly associated with hiv infection. risk factors related to potentially protective or harmful microbiota species are not known. | 2015 | 25879811 |
| the association of uterine cervical microbiota with an increased risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in korea. | recent studies have suggested potential roles of the microbiome in cervicovaginal diseases. however, there has been no report on the cervical microbiome in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin). we aimed to identify the cervical microbiota of korean women and assess the association between the cervical microbiota and cin, and to determine the combined effect of the microbiota and human papillomavirus (hpv) on the risk of cin. the cervical microbiota of 70 women with cin and 50 control women w ... | 2015 | 25752224 |
| establishment of a sensitive system for analysis of human vaginal microbiota on the basis of rrna-targeted reverse transcription-quantitative pcr. | ten specific primer sets, for lactobacillus gasseri, lactobacillus crispatus, atopobium vaginae, gardnerella vaginalis, mobiluncus curtisii, chlamydia trachomatis/muridarum, bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, bifidobacterium adolescentis, and bifidobacterium angulatum, were developed for quantitative analysis of vaginal microbiota. rrna-targeted reverse transcription-quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr) analysis of the vaginal samples from 12 healthy japanese vol ... | 2015 | 25661498 |
| colonization of the upper genital tract by vaginal bacterial species in nonpregnant women. | the objective of the study was to evaluate the upper genital tract (ugt) presence of vaginal bacterial species using sensitive molecular methods capable of detecting fastidious bacterial vaginosis (bv)-associated bacteria. | 2015 | 25524398 |
| high atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis vaginal loads are associated with preterm birth. | bacterial vaginosis is a risk factor for preterm birth. the various conventional methods for its diagnosis are laborious and not easily reproducible. molecular quantification methods have been reported recently, but the specific risk factors they might identify remain unclear. | 2015 | 25452591 |
| quantification of atopobium vaginae loads may be a new method for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. | traditional methods for the diagnosis of bv is either with poor sensitivity or poor specificity. thus, establishing a new method based on the vaginal flora is vital for the diagnosis of bv. | 2014 | 25291946 |
| utility of microscopic techniques and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of vaginal microflora alterations. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of nugent score, wet mount microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test developed in russia for bacterial vaginosis (bv) diagnosis. | 2015 | 25023332 |
| characterization of the vaginal microflora in health and disease. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is an imbalance of the vaginal bacterial microbiota and its aetiology is still unknown. our aims were to investigate the diagnostic potential of species/genus specific quantitative pcr (qpcr) for bacteria present in swabs and first-void urine (fvu) samples using nugent's and claeys' criteria and 454 sequencing of the vaginal microbiome as reference. | 2014 | 24814599 |
| bead-based multiplex sexually transmitted infection profiling. | sexually transmitted infections are a significant cause of genital disease, infertility and hospital admissions. the economic impact is high. an accurate diagnosis is often difficult and time consuming. we report the development and validation of a novel bead-based multiplex sexually transmitted infection profiling (stip) assay that detects 18 sexually transmitted infections using a multiplex pcr followed by luminex bead-based hybridisation. | 2014 | 24814157 |
| prevalence of gardnerella vaginalis and atopobium vaginae in portuguese women and association with risk factors for bacterial vaginosis. | | 2014 | 24268352 |
| [diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis]. | bacterial vaginosis is a common, complex clinical syndrome characterized by alterations in the normal vaginal flora. when symptomatic, it is associated with a malodorous vaginal discharge and on occasion vaginal burning or itching. under normal conditions, lactobacilli constitute 95% of the bacteria in the vagina. bacterial vaginosis is associated with severe reduction or absence of the normal h2o2-producing lactobacilli and overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria and gardnerella vaginalis, atopobium v ... | 2013 | 24073569 |
| the villain team-up or how trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis alter innate immunity in concert. | complex interactions of vaginal microorganisms with the genital tract epithelium shape mucosal innate immunity, which holds the key to sexual and reproductive health. bacterial vaginosis (bv), a microbiome-disturbance syndrome prevalent in reproductive-age women, occurs commonly in concert with trichomoniasis, and both are associated with increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes and viral infections, largely attributable to inflammation. to investigate the causative relationships among in ... | 2013 | 23903808 |
| effect of sexual debut on vaginal microbiota in a cohort of young women. | bacterial vaginosis is uncommon in women who are virgins. we estimated effects of sexual debut on vaginal bacterial colonization. | 2012 | 23168754 |
| in silico vs in vitro analysis of primer specificity for the detection of gardnerella vaginalis, atopobium vaginae and lactobacillus spp. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common pathology of women in reproductive age that can lead to serious health complications, and is associated with shifts in the normal microflora from predominance of lactobacillus spp. to a proliferation of other anaerobes such as g. vaginalis and a vaginae, which can be detected by pcr. the optimal pcr pathogen detection assay relies mainly on the specificity and sensitivity of the primers used. | 2012 | 23153093 |
| longitudinal qpcr study of the dynamics of l. crispatus, l. iners, a. vaginae, (sialidase positive) g. vaginalis, and p. bivia in the vagina. | to obtain more detailed understanding of the causes of disturbance of the vaginal microflora (vmf), a longitudinal study was carried out for 17 women during two menstrual cycles. | 2012 | 23028904 |
| susceptibility testing of atopobium vaginae for dequalinium chloride. | atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis are major markers for bacterial vaginosis. we aimed to determine the mic and mbc range of the broad-spectrum anti-infective and antiseptic dequalinium chloride for 28 strains, belonging to 4 species of the genus atopobium, i.e. a. vaginae, a. minutum, a. rimae and a. parvulum. | 2012 | 22429611 |
| bacterial vaginosis (bv) candidate bacteria: associations with bv and behavioural practices in sexually-experienced and inexperienced women. | in recent years several new fastidious bacteria have been identified that display a high specificity for bv; however no previous studies have comprehensively assessed the behavioural risk associations of these bacterial vaginosis-candidate organisms (bv-cos). | 2012 | 22363457 |
| detection of bacterial 16s ribosomal rna genes for forensic identification of vaginal fluid. | to preliminarily evaluate the applicability of bacterial dna as a marker for the forensic identification of vaginal fluid, we developed and performed pcr-based detection of 16s ribosomal rna genes of lactobacillus spp. dominating the vagina and of bacterial vaginosis-related bacteria from dna extracted from body fluids and stains. as a result, 16s ribosomal rna genes of lactobacillus crispatus, lactobacillus jensenii and atopobium vaginae were specifically detected in vaginal fluid and female ur ... | 2012 | 22316585 |
| the natural antimicrobial peptide subtilosin acts synergistically with glycerol monolaurate, lauric arginate, and ε-poly-l-lysine against bacterial vaginosis-associated pathogens but not human lactobacilli. | subtilosin is a cyclical antimicrobial peptide produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens that has antimicrobial activity against the bacterial vaginosis-associated human pathogen gardnerella vaginalis. the ability of subtilosin to inhibit g. vaginalis alone and in combination with the natural antimicrobial agents glycerol monolaurate (lauricidin), lauric arginate, and ε-poly-l-lysine was tested using a checkerboard approach. subtilosin was found to act synergistically with all of the chosen antimic ... | 2012 | 22252803 |
| mode of action and safety of lactosporin, a novel antimicrobial protein produced by bacillus coagulans atcc 7050. | to determine the mechanism of action of antimicrobial protein, lactosporin, against gardnerella vaginalis and to evaluate its safety in vitro. | 2012 | 22737982 |
| subtilosin prevents biofilm formation by inhibiting bacterial quorum sensing. | subtilosin, the cyclic lantibiotic protein produced by bacillus subtilis katmira1933, targets the surface receptor and electrostatically binds to the bacterial cell membrane. in this study, subtilosin was purified using ammonium sulfate ((nh4)2so4) precipitation and purified via column chromatography. subtilosin's antibacterial minimum and sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic and sub-mic) and anti-biofilm activity (biofilm prevention) were established. subtilosin was evaluated as a quorum ... | 2017 | 27914001 |
| [possible role of enterotoxigenic bacteroides fragilis in the etiology of infectious vaginitis]. | vaginitis is a common gynecologic disorder. it is due to several causes, some even unknown. bacteroides fragilis is the most important anaerobe in clinical bacteriology, some strains of this group are notable for being enterotoxigenic and they have been associated with intestinal and extraintestinal syndromes. they have recently been isolated from patients with vaginitis. the purpose of this study was to investigate a possible association of enterotoxigenic b. fragilis with infectious vaginitis. ... | 2012 | 22524106 |
| pseudoscardovia suis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family bifidobacteriaceae isolated from the digestive tract of wild pigs (sus scrofa). | seventeen fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase-positive bacterial strains were isolated from the digestive tract of wild pigs (sus scrofa). most of them were identified as bifidobacterium boum according to sequences of 16s rrna gene. two strains isolated from the small intestine content had unusual morphology of cells in comparison with bifidobacteria. cells growing in liquid anaerobic media were regular shaped rods arranged mostly in pairs. these isolates showed relatively low 16s rrna gene seq ... | 2013 | 23122702 |
| characterization of the vaginal microbiota of healthy canadian women through the menstrual cycle. | the vaginal microbial community plays a vital role in maintaining women's health. understanding the precise bacterial composition is challenging because of the diverse and difficult-to-culture nature of many bacterial constituents, necessitating culture-independent methodology. during a natural menstrual cycle, physiological changes could have an impact on bacterial growth, colonization, and community structure. the objective of this study was to assess the stability of the vaginal microbiome of ... | 2014 | 25053998 |
| characterisation of probiotic properties in human vaginal lactobacilli strains. | vaginal lactobacilli offer protection against recurrent urinary infections, bacterial vaginosis, and vaginal candidiasis. | 2016 | 27527701 |
| affirm vpiii microbial identification test can be used to detect gardnerella vaginalis, candida albicans and trichomonas vaginalis microbial infections in korean women. | the aim of this study was to compare affirm vpiii microbial identification test results for korean women to those obtained for gardnerella vaginalis through nugent score, candida albicans based on vaginal culture and trichomonas vaginalis based on wet smear diagnostic standards. | 2016 | 26787446 |
| sexually transmitted pathogens, depression, and other manifestations associated with premenstrual syndrome. | this study investigated whether sexually transmitted infections and lifestyle variables are associated with premenstrual syndrome (pms) as well as particular manifestations commonly associated with pms. data were gathered from medical records of 500 regularly cycling women. the following infectious agents were investigated: human papillomavirus, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrheae, gardnerella vaginalis, candida albicans, and trichomonas vaginalis. bivariate tests and multivariate logist ... | 2015 | 26272230 |
| effects of a one year reusable contraceptive vaginal ring on vaginal microflora and the risk of vaginal infection: an open-label prospective evaluation. | a contraceptive vaginal ring (cvr) containing nestorone® (nes) and ethinyl estradiol (ee) that is reusable for 1- year (13 cycles) is under development. this study assessed effects of this investigational cvr on the incidence of vaginal infections and change in vaginal microflora. | 2015 | 26267119 |
| performance evaluation of a dna chip assay in the identification of major genitourinary pathogens. | to prevent the recurrence of genitourinary infections and to reduce the risks of their complications, accurate and rapid diagnosis are required. stdetect® chip is a dna chip which allows for the simultaneous detection of 13 major genitourinary pathogens in a single vaginal swab or urine specimen. we evaluated the analytical performance of the stdetect® chip for detecting target pathogens that commonly cause genitourinary infections. | 2015 | 25533217 |
| inhibitory effects of seaweed extracts on the growth of the vaginal bacterium gardnerella vaginalis. | of 44 species of seaweed screened for potential anti-gardnerella vaginalis activity, 27 (61.4%) showed antimicrobial activity by the agar disk-diffusion method. among them, the strongest activities against the pathogen were exhibited by chlorophyta, with ulva pertusa producing an 11.3-mm zone of inhibition at 5 mg disk⁻¹. the mic values of u. pertusa extracts against both g. vaginalis kctc 5096 and kctc 5097, the main cause of vaginosis, were 312 μg ml⁻¹, while the mic values against both candid ... | 2014 | 24813010 |
| [place of vulvovaginal candidiasis in the lower genital tract infections and associated risk factors among women in benin]. | determine the place of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (vvc) in the lower genital infections and seek risk factors among women in benin. | 2014 | 24746421 |
| identification of vaginal lactobacilli with potential probiotic properties isolated from women in north lebanon. | the aim of this work was to study the diversity of vaginal lactobacilli in lebanese women and to evaluate the antagonism, hydrophobicity, and safety characteristics of these strains. this study was performed on samples from 135 women who visited a gynecology clinic in the north of lebanon, between september 2012 and january 2013. from these samples, 53 different isolates of vaginal lactobacilli were collected from vaginal swabs and identified using biochemical and molecular methods. the use of g ... | 2014 | 24549747 |
| tissue-specific il-10 secretion profile from term human fetal membranes stimulated with pathogenic microorganisms associated with preterm labor in a two-compartment tissue culture system. | interleukin (il)-10 is a cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties that plays pivotal roles in immune recognition and maintenance of pregnancy, limiting the harmful effects of pro-inflammatory modulators. the aim of this work was to characterize the contribution of amnion and choriodecidua regions of the human fetal membranes in the production of il-10 after selective stimulation with candida albicans, gardnerella vaginalis and streptococcus agalactiae. | 2014 | 24138141 |
| plants traditionally used individually and in combination to treat sexually transmitted infections in northern maputaland, south africa: antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. | although medicinal plants are used extensively to treat sexually transmitted infections (stis) in rural northern maputaland, kwazulu-natal, the efficacy and safety of these plants have not previously been evaluated. | 2013 | 23880127 |
| [gynophilus--a winning relay]. | the vagina is a complex biocenosis where many micro-organisms coexist and colonize it. the dominant colonizing bacteria of a healthy individual is of the genus "lactobacillus". it is also called doderlein's bacillus and determines the vaginal microbial balance through the production of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, biosurfactants, bacteriocines and modify the competition of pathogens for adhesion to the vaginal epithelial cells. through these mechanisms the lactobacilli block the growth and de ... | 2012 | 23236678 |
| higher prevalence of colonization with gardnerella vaginalis and gram-negative anaerobes in patients with recurrent miscarriage and elevated peripheral natural killer cells. | the role of vaginal infections in recurrent miscarriage (rm) is discussed controversially and screening is not recommended in international guidelines. peripheral and uterine nk cells (pnk, unk) play an important role in the establishment of a healthy pregnancy and are targets of immune diagnostics in rm patients. the aim of this study was to analyze the composition of the vaginal microbiota in rm patients and to correlate the findings to clinical characteristics as well as nk cell parameters. i ... | 2017 | 28388469 |
| gardnerella vaginalis and mollicute detection in rectal swabs from men who have sex with men. | the numbers of rectal sexually transmitted infections are on the rise especially among men who have sex with men. males from men who have sex with men population are encouraged to send a rectal swab to the laboratory for sexually transmitted infection screening at their visit to the genitourinary medicine clinic. in healthy asymptomatic males, the range of pathogens tested is limited therefore other pathogens may be left untreated allowing infections to persist among sexual partners. molecular t ... | 2016 | 27542698 |
| the first report: an analysis of bacterial flora of the first voided urine specimens of patients with male urethritis using the 16s ribosomal rna gene-based clone library method. | to analyse the bacterial flora of urine from patients with male urethritis using the clone library method. | 2016 | 27013259 |
| comparison of cervico-vaginal colonization among sexually active women by intrauterine device use. | in this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of intrauterine devices (iuds) on cervico-vaginal colonization. | 2015 | 26409733 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted pathogens associated with hpv infection in cervical samples in a mexican population. | cervical cancer development has been mainly associated with persistent human papillomavirus (hpv) infections. however, hpv infection is unlikely to be sufficient to cause cervical cancer, and the contribution of other sexually transmitted infections (stis) could be the determining factor for cervical lesion-progression. the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of stis associated with hpv-positivity in 201 cervical samples from patients who underwent annual routine gynecological exams ... | 2015 | 26010580 |
| [semen quality and its influencing factors in preconception males in nanjing area]. | to investigate the semen quality and its influencing factors in preconception males in nanjing area so as to provide some evidence for working out effective intervention measures. | 2015 | 25796688 |
| epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in rural southwestern haiti: the grand'anse women's health study. | the study attempts to define socioeconomic, clinical, and laboratory correlates in vaginitis and other sexually transmitted infections in rural southwestern haiti. a convenience sample of subjects recruited from a rural women's health clinic and attending an established clinic at the haitian health foundation (hhf) clinic was studied. a standardized history and physical examination, including speculum examination, and collection of blood, urine, and vaginal swabs were obtained from the women at ... | 2014 | 25200263 |
| [sexually transmitted infections in women living in a prison in lima, peru]. | in order to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (sti) in recluse women of chorrillos penitentiary i in the city of lima, peru, a cross-sectional study was performed, including a simple random sample of women between ages 18 and 54, from whom 180 serum samples and 168 samples of cervical and vaginal discharge were analyzed. the most prevalent etiologic agents identified from cervical and vaginal discharge samples were chlamydia trachomatis in 42.3%, gardnerella vaginalis i ... | 2013 | 24100816 |
| bacterial infections of the lower genital tract in fertile and infertile women from the southeastern poland. | the objective of the study was to investigate the detection rates of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, mycoplasma genitalium, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, gardnerella vaginalis, escherichia coli, streptococcus agalactiae and enterococcus faecalis, showing no clinical signs of an ongoing, acute inflammatory state of the vagina and/or the cenrvix, in fertile and infertile women. | 2013 | 23819400 |
| [bacterial infection as a cause of infertility in humans]. | microorganisms which are present in the human urogenital tract may be involved in the development of inflammatory changes negatively affecting the genitals in both men and women. pathological conditions due to inflammatory alterations may result in complete loss of fertility. infections of the urogenital tract are responsible for 15% of all cases of infertility in couples. negative impact on the human reproduction is mainly caused by direct damage to the genital tract mucosa by metabolic product ... | 2013 | 23768092 |
| sequences of multiple bacterial genomes and a chlamydia trachomatis genotype from direct sequencing of dna derived from a vaginal swab diagnostic specimen. | ultra-deep illumina sequencing was performed on whole genome amplified dna derived from a chlamydia trachomatis-positive vaginal swab. alignment of reads with reference genomes allowed robust snp identification from the c. trachomatis chromosome and plasmid. this revealed that the c. trachomatis in the specimen was very closely related to the sequenced urogenital, serovar f, clade t1 isolate f-sw4. in addition, high genome-wide coverage was obtained for prevotella melaninogenica, gardnerella vag ... | 2013 | 23647919 |
| simultaneous direct identification of genital microorganisms in voided urine using multiplex pcr-based reverse line blot assays. | our aim was to develop and evaluate sensitive methods that would allow simultaneous direct identification of multiple potential pathogens in clinical specimens for diagnosis and epidemiological studies, using a multiplex pcr-based reverse line blot assay. we have previously developed assays suitable for detection of bacterial respiratory and systemic pathogens. in this chapter we describe, in detail, a method developed to identify 14 genital microorganisms, for use in epidemiological studies of ... | 2013 | 23104293 |
| pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) from chlamydia trachomatis versus pid from neisseria gonorrhea: from clinical suspicion to therapy. | pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) is the most significant complication of sexually transmitted infections in childbearing-age women and it represents an important public health problem because of its long-term sequelae (chronic pelvic pain, tubal infertility, ectopic pregnancy). prior to the mid 1970s pid was considered a monoetiologic infection, due primarily to neisseria gonorrhea. now it is well documented as a polymicrobial process, with a great number of microrganisms involved. in addition ... | 2012 | 23007248 |
| the sactibiotic subclass of bacteriocins: an update. | the sactibiotics are a recently designated subclass of bacteriocins that contain characteristic cysteine sulphur to α -carbon linkages mediated through post-translational modifications. they are a relatively small subclass of bacteriocins compared to the most thoroughly studied lantibiotics. the sactibiotics that have been extensively studied thus far are thuricin cd, subtilosin a, thurincin h, and propionicin f. despite their recent discovery, there have already been significant advances made i ... | 2015 | 26031307 |
| escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis are able to incorporate and enhance a pre-formed gardnerella vaginalis biofilm. | gardnerella vaginalis is the most frequent microorganism found in bacterial vaginosis (bv), while escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis are amongst the most frequent pathogens found in urinary tract infections (utis). this study aimed to evaluate possible interactions between utis pathogens and g. vaginalis using an in vitro dual-species biofilm model. our results showed that dual-species biofilms reached significantly higher bacterial concentration than monospecies biofilms. moreover, visu ... | 2016 | 26782142 |