| vibrio foetus infection in a dairy herd. | | 1951 | 14817979 |
| vibrio foetus infection in cattle. | | 1951 | 14836327 |
| the effect of vibriosis on breeding efficiency in cattle. | | 1951 | 14841127 |
| experimental transmission of vibrio fetus in diluted semen and by contact. | | 1952 | 14917608 |
| effect of antibiotics in diluted bull semen on vibrio fetus. | | 1952 | 14924129 |
| [opportunistic campylobacter fetus bacteremia in an apparently healthy patient]. | | 2004 | 14974904 |
| conservation and diversity of sap homologues and their organization among campylobacter fetus isolates. | campylobacter fetus surface layer proteins (slps), encoded by sapa homologues, are important in virulence. in wild-type c. fetus strain 23d, all eight sapa homologues are located in the 54-kb sap island, and slp expression reflects the position of a unique sapa promoter in relation to the sapa homologues. the extensive homologies in the sap island include both direct and inverted repeats, which allow dna rearrangements, deletion, or duplication; these elements confer substantial potential for ge ... | 2004 | 14977980 |
| jejunal hemorrhage syndrome in 2 canadian beef cows. | two beef cows were presented with a history of anorexia and abdominal pain. both cows were euthanized. necropsy revealed the presence of a segmental area of ulceration, necrosis, and intraluminal blood clots in the jejunum. jejunal hemorrhage syndrome is an emerging disease and has not been reported previously in beef cattle. | 2004 | 14992254 |
| multiplex pcr assay for differentiation of helicobacter felis, h. bizzozeronii, and h. salomonis. | helicobacter felis, helicobacter bizzozeronii, and helicobacter salomonis are frequently found in the gastric mucous membrane of dogs and cats. these large spiral organisms are phylogenetically highly related to each other. their fastidious nature makes it difficult to cultivate them in vitro, hampering traditional identification methods. we describe here a multiplex pcr test based on the trna intergenic spacers and on the urease gene, combined with capillary electrophoresis, that allows discrim ... | 2004 | 15004062 |
| comparison of prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibilities of campylobacter spp. isolates from organic and conventional dairy herds in wisconsin. | the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibilities of campylobacter spp. isolates from bovine feces were compared between organic and conventional dairy herds. thirty organic dairy herds, where antimicrobials are rarely used for calves and never used for cows, were compared with 30 neighboring conventional dairy farms, where antimicrobials were routinely used for animals for all ages. fecal specimens from 10 cows and 10 calves on 120 farm visits yielded 332 campylobacter isolates. the prevalence ... | 2004 | 15006764 |
| direct quantification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter lanienae in feces of cattle by real-time quantitative pcr. | campylobacter species are fastidious to culture, and the ability to directly quantify biomass in microbiologically complex substrates using real-time quantitative (rtq) pcr may enhance our understanding of their biology and facilitate the development of efficacious mitigation strategies. this study reports the use of nested rtq-pcr to directly quantify campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter lanienae in cattle feces. for c. jejuni, the single-copy mapa gene was selected. for c. lanienae, the thre ... | 2004 | 15066825 |
| [campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus sepsis: a case report and review of the literatures in japan]. | we report a 32-year-old female with eating disorder whose body weight was only 20 kg. she was admitted to the hospital with severe low nutrition, low proteinemia, liver dysfunction, hypokalemia and hypoglycemia. on the third hospital day, she had a high fever and campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus (c. fetus) was isolated from the blood. after treatment with meropenem (1 g/day) intravenous drip injection, her condition improved. c. fetus sepsis is not common disease in japan. a review of 37 cases o ... | 2004 | 15103897 |
| a case of right loin pain: septic ovarian vein thrombosis due to campylobacter fetus bacteraemia. | septic ovarian venous thrombosis is an uncommon condition. diagnosis is often not immediately apparent clinically and there are many that mimic this condition. we described an unusual case of septic ovarian vein thrombosis associated with campylobacter fetus (c. fetus) bacteraemia. | 2004 | 15175788 |
| ileocolitis associated with anaerobiospirillum in cats. | ileocolitis associated with spiral bacteria identified as an anaerobiospirillum sp. was found in six cats. two cats had acute onset of gastrointestinal signs characterized by vomiting and diarrhea in one cat and vomiting in another cat, one cat had chronic diarrhea that was refractory to medical therapy; one cat had acute onset of anorexia and lethargy, and two cats had clinical signs that were not related to the gastrointestinal tract. the presence of an anaerobiospirillum sp. was demonstrated ... | 2004 | 15184462 |
| synthesis of the heteropolysaccharide o antigen of escherichia coli o52 requires an abc transporter: structural and genetic evidence. | the structural and genetic organization of the escherichia coli o52 o antigen was studied. as identified by sugar and methylation analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the o antigen of e. coli o52 has a partially o-acetylated disaccharide repeating unit (o unit) containing d-fucofuranose and 6-deoxy-d-manno-heptopyranose, as well as a minor 6-deoxy-3-o-methylhexose (most likely, 3-o-methylfucose). the o-antigen gene cluster of e. coli o52, which is located between the galf and gn ... | 2004 | 15231783 |
| campylobacter fetus meningitis in a diabetic adult cured by imipenem. | reported here is the successful management of a severe case of campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus meningitis, complicated by septic shock, in a patient without overt immunosuppression who was cured by imipenem. meningitis caused by c. fetus has rarely been reported in adults, and only exceptionally in non-immunocompromised patients, and septic shock has not previously been reported as a complication of such meningitis. the best antibiotic regimen for treating this condition remains to be deter ... | 2004 | 15322930 |
| [campylobacter fetus subsp fetus bacteremia in a female patient infected by the hepatitis c virus]. | campylobacter fetus subsp fetus was identified as an unusual etiologic agent of septicemia in an immuno-compromized patient vhc positive by utilizing a 16s rrna molecular kit in our hospital's clinical laboratory. this method would appear as a performing approach to identify pathogens when discrepancies exist between phenotypical tests. | 2004 | 15355811 |
| campylobacter fetus of reptile origin as a human pathogen. | a campylobacter species was isolated from blood from a febrile patient with precursor t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and after antibiotic treatment, a similar bacterium was isolated from blood 37 days later. although phenotypic testing did not definitively identify the organisms, molecular analysis indicated that they were the same strain of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus and were of reptile origin. | 2004 | 15365057 |
| evaluation of a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of campylobacter fetus in bovine preputial washing and vaginal mucus samples. | a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was described and evaluated for use as a presumptive screening test for detection of campylobacter fetus in bovine preputial washing and vaginal mucus samples. a total of 725 diagnostic samples collected in the field and submitted in clark's transport enrichment medium (tem) were analyzed. cultural isolation of c. fetus was used as the standard for comparison. after incubation of the tem vials for 4-5 days, fluid was removed f ... | 2004 | 15381269 |
| vibrio fetus infection in cattle. | | 1950 | 15411783 |
| immunization in heifers with dual vaccines containing tritrichomonas foetus and campylobacter fetus antigens using systemic and mucosal routes. | vaccines against both bovine venereal campylobacteriosis and trichomonosis were tested. heifers were assigned to three groups. groups 1 (n = 21 heifers) and group 2 (n = 20) received a commercial or experimental vaccine, respectively, containing both campylobacter fetus and tritrichomonas foetus antigens. group 3 (n = 21) received adjuvant alone. preparations were injected sq in groups 1 and 3 at days -60 and -30 (day 0 was considered the first day of a 90-day breeding period), and in group 2 sq ... | 2004 | 15451246 |
| campylobacter fetus bacteremia in an immunocompromised patient: case report and review of the literature. | a 33-year-old woman underwent a liver transplantation and splenectomy in 1985 and had followed immunosuppressive therapy until 1995. afterwards a non-hodgkin lymphoma was diagnosed and chemotherapy was started. in january 2000, because of suspect transplantation rejection she was treated with steroid and immunosuppressive therapy. fever occurred after two months and cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection was diagnosed. ganciclovir was started with clinical remission. in november 2000 fever recurred wit ... | 2004 | 15460531 |
| genomic analysis of bacteroides fragilis reveals extensive dna inversions regulating cell surface adaptation. | bacteroides are predominant human colonic commensals, but the principal pathogenic species, bacteroides fragilis (bf), lives closely associated with the mucosal surface, whereas a second major species, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (bt), concentrates within the colon. we find corresponding differences in their genomes, based on determination of the genome sequence of bf and comparative analysis with bt. both species have acquired two mechanisms that contribute to their dominance among the colonic ... | 2004 | 15466707 |
| detection of campylobacter spp. in chicken fecal samples by real-time pcr. | a real-time pcr assay for detecting thermophilic campylobacter spp. directly in chicken feces has been developed. dna was isolated from fecal material by using magnetic beads followed by pcr with a prealiquoted pcr mixture, which had been stored at -18 degrees c. campylobacter could be detected in less than 4 h, with a detection limit of 100 to 150 cfu/ml, in a fecal suspension. a bacterial internal control was added before dna extraction to control both dna isolation and the presence of pcr inh ... | 2004 | 15528705 |
| studies on calf diarrhoea in mozambique: prevalence of bacterial pathogens. | the prevalence of diarrhoea in calves was investigated in 8 dairy farms in mozambique at 4 occasions during 2 consecutive years. a total of 1241 calves up to 6 months of age were reared in the farms, and 63 (5%) of them had signs of diarrhoea. two farms had an overall higher prevalence (13% and 21%) of diarrhoea. faecal samples were collected from all diarrhoeal calves (n = 63) and from 330 healthy calves and analysed for salmonella species, campylobacter jejuni and enterotoxigenic escherichia c ... | 2004 | 15535084 |
| two outer membrane proteins are required for maximal type i secretion of the caulobacter crescentus s-layer protein. | transport of rsaa, the crystalline s-layer subunit protein of caulobacter crescentus, is mediated by a type i secretion mechanism. two proteins have been identified that play the role of the outer membrane protein (omp) component in the rsaa secretion machinery. the genes rsaf(a) and rsaf(b) were identified by similarity to the escherichia coli hemolysin secretion omp tolc by using the c. crescentus genome sequence. the rsaf(a) gene is located several kilobases downstream of the other transporte ... | 2004 | 15547272 |
| survival of cold-stressed campylobacter jejuni on ground chicken and chicken skin during frozen storage. | campylobacter jejuni is prevalent in poultry, but the effect of combined refrigerated and frozen storage on its survival, conditions relevant to poultry processing and storage, has not been evaluated. therefore, the effects of refrigeration at 4 degrees c, freezing at -20 degrees c, and a combination of refrigeration and freezing on the survival of c. jejuni in ground chicken and on chicken skin were examined. samples were enumerated using tryptic soy agar containing sheep's blood and modified c ... | 2004 | 15574906 |
| evidence for involvement of at least six proteins in adaptation of lactobacillus sakei to cold temperatures and addition of nacl. | lactobacillus sakei is a lactic acid bacterium widely represented in the natural flora of fresh meat. the aim of this study was to analyze the differences in protein expression during environmental changes encountered during technological processes in which l. sakei is involved in order to gain insight into the ability of this species to grow and survive in such environments. using two-dimensional electrophoresis, we observed significant variation of a set of 21 proteins in cells grown at 4 degr ... | 2004 | 15574925 |
| differentiation of campylobacter coli, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari, and campylobacter upsaliensis by a multiplex pcr developed from the nucleotide sequence of the lipid a gene lpxa. | we describe a multiplex pcr assay to identify and discriminate between isolates of campylobacter coli, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari, and campylobacter upsaliensis. the c. jejuni isolate f38011 lpxa gene, encoding a udp-n-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase, was identified by sequence analysis of an expression plasmid that restored wild-type lipopolysaccharide levels in escherichia coli strain sm105 [lpxa(ts)]. with oligonucleotide primers developed to the c. jejuni lpxa gene, nearly fu ... | 2004 | 15583280 |
| human peripheral and gastric lymphocyte responses to helicobacter pylori napa and aphc differ in infected and uninfected individuals. | in this study, we identify the nature of the immunological response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and lamina propria gastric lymphocytes (lpl) to two helicobacter pylori antigens, the neutrophil activating protein (napa) and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (aphc). these antigens were identified and selected for study based on the observation that serological recognition of these proteins was associated with h pylori negative status in humans. | 2005 | 15591500 |
| sequence typing and comparison of population biology of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni. | a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme that uses the same loci as a previously described system for campylobacter jejuni was developed for campylobacter coli. the c. coli-specific primers were validated with 53 isolates from humans, chickens, and pigs, together with 15 penner serotype reference isolates. the nucleotide sequence of the flaa short variable region (svr) was determined for each isolate. these sequence data were compared to equivalent information for 17 c. jejuni isolates represe ... | 2005 | 15634992 |
| characterization of cytolethal distending toxin of campylobacter species isolated from captive macaque monkeys. | an association between certain campylobacter species and enterocolitis in humans and nonhuman primates is well established, but the association between cytolethal distending toxin and disease is incompletely understood. the purpose of the present study was to examine campylobacter species isolated from captive conventionally raised macaque monkeys for the presence of the cdtb gene and for cytolethal distending toxin activity. the identity of each isolate was confirmed on the basis of phenotypic ... | 2005 | 15695658 |
| investigation of bovine venereal campyloacteriosis in beef cow herds in new zealand. | to determine regional prevalences of beef cow herds in new zealand positive for campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis antibodies in samples of vaginal mucus tested using an immunoglobulin (ig) a enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and to examine the suitability of the iga elisa for detecting infection with c. fetus subsp venerealis under field conditions in new zealand. | 2005 | 15731834 |
| could flies explain the elusive epidemiology of campylobacteriosis? | unlike salmonellosis with well-known routes of transmission, the epidemiology of campylobacteriosis is still largely unclear. known risk factors such as ingestion of contaminated food and water, direct contact with infected animals and outdoor swimming could at most only explain half the recorded cases. | 2005 | 15752427 |
| fly transmission of campylobacter. | an annual increase in campylobacter infection in england and wales begins in may and reaches a maximum in early june. this increase occurs in all age groups and is seen in all geographic areas. examination of risk factors that might explain this seasonal increase identifies flies as a potential source of infection. the observed pattern of infection is hypothesized to reflect an annual epidemic caused by direct or indirect contamination of people by small quantities of infected material carried b ... | 2005 | 15757548 |
| development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer pcr to identify the main pathogenic campylobacter spp. | a simple real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret) pcr, targeting the gyra gene outside the quinolone resistance-determining region, was developed to identify campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. these species were distinguished easily, as the corresponding melting points showed a difference of 15 degrees c. a second assay using the same biprobe and pcr conditions, but different pcr primers, was also developed to identify the less frequently encountered campylobacter fetus. ... | 2005 | 15760424 |
| the need to differentiate campylobacter fetus subspecies isolated from humans. | | 2005 | 15760436 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus isolated from sheep abortions in new zealand. | to genotype campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus isolates cultured from sheep abortions submitted to diagnostic laboratories in new zealand during the year 2000 breeding season. to compare the types found nationally with those found in the hawke's bay region in 1999, and strains held in the new zealand reference culture collection, medical section (nzrm) from a study published in 1987. | 2004 | 15768136 |
| campylobacter fetus prosthetic hip joint infection: successful management with device retention and review. | | 2005 | 15780423 |
| bilateral prosthetic knee infection by campylobacter fetus. | we present the first documented case of a bilateral prosthetic knee joint infection with campylobacter fetus. our patient's risk factors included age, the presence of prosthetic joints, and potential exposure through his contact with farm animals. it is important to be aware of the possibility of c fetus joint infections in high-risk patients who present with pain after total joint arthroplasty. | 2005 | 15809962 |
| some effects of experimental vibrio fetus (venerealis) infection on cattle inoculated with a commercial bacterin. | four groups of ten heifers were used to study the effect of a commercial vibrio fetus bacterin on the development of vaginal mucus agglutination (vma) reactions and subsequent reproductive performance in the presence of active v. fetus infection. two groups were vaccinated and one of these was infected one month later. the other two groups were not vaccinated and one of these was infected. it was found that in the absence of infection the bacterin did not produce diagnostically significant vma r ... | 1968 | 15846896 |
| immunohistochemical identification of campylobacter fetus in natural cases of bovine and ovine abortions. | an immunohistochemistry (ihc) procedure for the detection of campylobacter fetus antigens using an avidin-biotin complex technique was performed on formalin fixed bovine and ovine fetal tissues from 26 natural cases of campylobacter spp. abortion (four ovine and 22 bovine). the species of campylobacter isolated included c. fetus ssp. venerealis from 13 bovine fetuses, c. fetus ssp. fetus from two ovine and one bovine fetus, campylobacter jejuni from seven bovine fetuses, campylobacter lari from ... | 2005 | 15876227 |
| mechanisms underlying campylobacter fetus pathogenesis in humans: surface-layer protein variation in relapsing infections. | campylobacter fetus causes gastrointestinal and systemic infections in humans. although relapse is common despite antibiotic treatment, the mechanisms are not well understood. the surface-layer proteins (slps) of c. fetus, which are critical in virulence, undergo high-frequency phenotypic switching due to recombination of sap homologues, resulting in antigenic variation. to investigate the mechanisms involved in relapsing c. fetus infections, we compared slp variation in 4 pairs of c. fetus stra ... | 2005 | 15897994 |
| genetic divergence of campylobacter fetus strains of mammal and reptile origins. | campylobacter fetus is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen of both humans and animals. two subspecies have been identified, campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus and campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis, and there are two serotypes, a and b. to further investigate the genetic diversity among c. fetus strains of different origins, subspecies, and serotypes, we performed multiple genetic analyses by utilizing random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), and d ... | 2005 | 16000457 |
| campylobacter surface-layers (s-layers) and immune evasion. | many pathogenic bacteria have evolved mechanisms for evading host immune systems. one evasion mechanism is manifest by the surface layer (s-layer), a paracrystalline protein structure composed of s-layer proteins (slps). the s-layer, possessed by 2 campylobacter species (c. fetus and c. rectus), is external to the bacterial outer membrane and can have multiple functions in immune avoidance. c. fetus is a pathogen of ungulates and immunocompromised humans, in whom it causes disseminated bloodstre ... | 2002 | 16013216 |
| transport media for campylobacter fetus venerealis. | | 1982 | 16030854 |
| serology of campylobacter fetus fetus strains from four outbreaks of ovine abortion. | as a result of a ministry of agriculture & fisheries survey on ovine abortions, 76 isolates of campylobacterfetus fetus were obtained. these isolates were from four farms in the southern hawkes bay, with an abortion incidence of 2.8% to 9.1%. antisera to eight different strains of c. fetus fetus were made in rabbits. strains were then examined using whole cell tube agglutination tests and sensitised staphylococcal protein a slide agglutination tests. heat labile antigens were examined by absorbi ... | 1984 | 16031007 |
| typing of campylobacter fetus fetus isolated from sheep abortions in new zealand. | | 1985 | 16031151 |
| typing of campylobacter fetus fetus isolated from sheep abortions in n.z. | | 1985 | 16031180 |
| tactical control of ovine campylobacter abortion outbreaks with a bacterin. | abortions due to campylobacter fetus fetus (c. fetus fetus) were diagnosed in three canterbury ewe flocks 6 weeks prior to lambing. in two of the flocks, two inoculations of a c. fetus fetus bacterin, 10 days apart, reduced the incidence of abortions in the treated ewes to about one third and one half respectively of the level in the control ewes in the same flock. the treatment had no effect in a third flock where an outbreak had been in progress for 2 weeks before investigations started. the r ... | 1996 | 16031895 |
| attempted definition by immunoblotting of the causes of reactivity in suspected false-positive sera in the brucella ovis complement fixation test. | seventy-nine suspected false-positive sera, obtained over 1 year from routine submissions for brucella ovis serological testing, were used in this study. these sera, which exhibited titres in the complement fixation test, but which because of their epidemiological history and their reactions in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gel diffusion test were suspected to be false positives, were further analysed by immunoblotting. in blots, using b. ovis antigens, rough lipopolysaccharide was i ... | 1996 | 16031926 |
| campylobacter fetus fetus abortions in vaccinated ewes. | to investigate the cause of an outbreak of ovine abortion in 1996 in a flock of 300 two-tooth (rising 2-year-old) ewes vaccinated against campylobacter fetus fetus infection and to subsequently characterise the strain of c. fetus fetus isolated from aborted foetuses. | 2000 | 16032144 |
| campylobacter fetus fetus abortions in vaccinated ewes - vaccine history and ongoing development. | | 2000 | 16032146 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus from sheep abortions in the hawke's bay region of new zealand. | to type campylobacter isolates from sheep abortions from the hawke's bay region of new zealand. | 2003 | 16032287 |
| [campylobacter as a venereal disease in cattle]. | since the introduction of ai, venereal diseases caused by tritrichomonas fetus and campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis haved been eradicated in the netherlands. campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus can cause sporadic abortion and early embryonic death. when natural breeding is practised, venereal diseases must be included in the list of differential diagnoses of fertility problems. a case study of a campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus infection is described. | 2005 | 16047745 |
| real-time pcr screening for 16s rrna mutations associated with resistance to tetracycline in helicobacter pylori. | the effectiveness of recommended first-line therapies for helicobacter pylori infections is decreasing due to the occurrence of resistance to metronidazole and/or clarithromycin. quadruple therapies, which include tetracycline and a bismuth salt, are useful alternative regimens. however, resistance to tetracycline, mainly caused by mutations in the 16s rrna genes (rrna and rrnb) affecting nucleotides 926 to 928, are already emerging and can impair the efficacies of such second-line regimens. her ... | 2005 | 16048919 |
| campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., verocytotoxic escherichia coli, and antibiotic resistance in indicator organisms in wild cervids. | faecal samples were collected, as part of the national health surveillance program for cervids (hop) in norway, from wild red deer, roe deer, moose and reindeer during ordinary hunting seasons from 2001 to 2003. samples from a total of 618 animals were examined for verocytotoxic e. coli (vtec); 611 animals for salmonella and 324 animals for campylobacter. a total of 50 samples were cultivated from each cervid species in order to isolate the indicator bacterial species e. coli and enterococcus fa ... | 2005 | 16108210 |
| does age acquired immunity confer selective protection to common serotypes of campylobacter jejuni? | campylobacter infection is a major cause of bacterial gastrointestinal disease. exposure to campylobacter is known to produce an immune response in humans that can prevent future symptomatic infections. further, studies of the general population have shown that seroprevalence to campylobacter increases with age. | 2005 | 16117832 |
| factors affecting the pressure resistance of some campylobacter species. | to compare pressure resistance between strains of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, campylobacter lari and campylobacter fetus, and to investigate the effect of suspending medium on pressure resistance of sensitive and more resistant strains. | 2005 | 16162138 |
| a multiplex polymerase chain reaction to detect and differentiate campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus and campylobacter fetus -species venerealis: use on uk isolates of c. fetus and other campylobacter spp. | subspeciation of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus (cff) and campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (cfv) is important for international animal import regulations. phenotyping can be unreliable, and genotyping by techniques like pulsed field gel electrophoresis is difficult in routine diagnostic laboratories. a pcr subspeciation technique has been reported [aust vet j (1997) 75, 827]; we aimed to develop this pcr and investigate its use on uk c. fetus isolates. | 2005 | 16162226 |
| jejunal hemorrhage syndrome in dairy and beef cattle: 11 cases (2001 to 2003). | the medical records of 11 cattle with jejunal hemorrhage syndrome were reviewed. female and male, lactating and pregnant, dairy and beef cattle were affected. decreased feed intake and milk production, reduced amounts of dark feces, and abdominal discomfort were common historical findings. common clinical findings included depressed demeanor, a "ping" and fluid-splashing sounds over the right abdomen, melena, and distended loops of intestine on rectal palpation. surgery was done on 7 cases, 10 c ... | 2005 | 16187715 |
| the frequency and rate of pilin antigenic variation in neisseria gonorrhoeae. | the pilin antigenic variation (av) system of neisseria gonorrhoeae (gc) mediates unidirectional dna recombination from silent gene copies into the pilin expression locus. a dna sequencing assay was developed to accurately measure pilin av in a population of gc strain fa1090 arising from a defined pilin progenitor under non-selective culture conditions. this assay employs a piliated parental gc variant with a reca allele whose promoter is replaced by lac-regulatory elements, allowing for controll ... | 2005 | 16194236 |
| contribution of systematic serological testing in diagnosis of infective endocarditis. | despite progress with diagnostic criteria, the type and timing of laboratory tests used to diagnose infective endocarditis (ie) have not been standardized. this is especially true with serological testing. patients with suspected ie were evaluated by a standard diagnostic protocol. this protocol mandated an evaluation of the patients according to the modified duke criteria and used a battery of laboratory investigations, including three sets of blood cultures and systematic serological testing f ... | 2005 | 16207989 |
| salmonella in black-headed gulls ( larus ridibundus); prevalence, genotypes and influence on salmonella epidemiology. | during a period of 3 years, 1998-2000, 1047 faecal swabs from black-headed gulls were sampled at one location in southern sweden. salmonella spp. was found in 28 individuals (2.7%) and the dominating serotype found was s. typhimurium (83%). twenty-five per cent of the salmonella-infected gulls were later recaptured and re-sampled. we found that salmonella infection in black-headed gulls was of short duration, and that infection in this bird species was predominantly expressed as carriage without ... | 2006 | 16238820 |
| salmonella in black-headed gulls ( larus ridibundus); prevalence, genotypes and influence on salmonella epidemiology. | during a period of 3 years, 1998-2000, 1047 faecal swabs from black-headed gulls were sampled at one location in southern sweden. salmonella spp. was found in 28 individuals (2.7%) and the dominating serotype found was s. typhimurium (83%). twenty-five per cent of the salmonella-infected gulls were later recaptured and re-sampled. we found that salmonella infection in black-headed gulls was of short duration, and that infection in this bird species was predominantly expressed as carriage without ... | 2006 | 16238820 |
| validation of a monoclonal antibody-based capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of campylobacter fetus. | a monoclonal antibody (mab)-based antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was compared with the routine culture methodology for the detection of campylobacter fetus subspecies from bovine and ovine field samples inoculated into clark's transport enrichment medium (tem). the work was a collaboration between two different diagnostic laboratories, one in canada and the other in england. in both labs, tem samples were incubated for 4 days at 35 degrees c and then tested by culture ... | 2005 | 16275938 |
| amplified fragment length polymorphism based identification of genetic markers and novel pcr assay for differentiation of campylobacter fetus subspecies. | differentiation of campylobacter fetus into c. fetus subsp. fetus (cff) and c. fetus subsp. venerealis (cfv) is important for both clinical and economic reasons. in the past, several molecular typing methods have been used for differentiation, including amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp). in this study, aflp was employed to identify c. fetus subspecies specific markers that can serve as a basis for design of novel pcr primer sets for cfv. four groups of c. fetus strains with different ... | 2005 | 16278437 |
| molecular epidemiology of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus on bovine artificial insemination stations using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. | the presence of campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus (cff) on bovine artificial insemination (ai)-stations can have major economical consequences. more knowledge on the epidemiology of c. fetus is needed to control cff infections at ai-stations. we assessed the epidemiology of cff on ai-stations and the molecular relationship between cff strains isolated from outbreaks on ai-stations. thirteen cff strains (two cff strains per outbreak and one sporadic case) isolated from bulls housed on differen ... | 2006 | 16289638 |
| campylobacter fetus bacteraemia in a healthy individual: clinical and therapeutical implications. | campylobacter species are well-recognized common causes of gastrointestinal infections. while campylobacter jejuni is probably the most common campylobacter isolated in humans, campylobacter fetus is rather infrequent and mostly related with bacteraemia. even on such occasions, it seems that immunocompetent individuals are spared. we report a case of c. fetus bacteraemia in a healthy-except for impaired fasting glucose (ifg) levels-farmer, presenting as an acute febrile syndrome and treated succ ... | 2005 | 16291287 |
| infective tricuspid valve endocarditis with pulmonary emboli caused by campylobacter fetus after tooth extraction. | we describe a case of infective endocarditis caused by campylobacter fetus accompanied by pulmonary emboli. a 52-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to febrile temperatures with a history of dental treatment followed by eating raw meat. computed tomography revealed multiple infiltrations and a nodule with low attenuation area and feeding vessels. a mobile mass, possible vegetation, attached to the tricuspid valve was detected by transthoracic echocardiography. two blood cultures disclo ... | 2005 | 16293916 |
| clonal nature of campylobacter fetus as defined by multilocus sequence typing. | campylobacter fetus can be divided into the subspecies c. fetus subsp. fetus and c. fetus subsp. venerealis. c. fetus subsp. fetus causes sporadic infections in humans and abortion in cattle and sheep and has been isolated from a variety of sites in different hosts. c. fetus subsp. venerealis is host restricted, being isolated mainly from the genital tracts of cattle, and is the causative agent of bovine genital campylobacteriosis. despite differences in niche preference, microbiological subspec ... | 2005 | 16333072 |
| a bacillus thuringiensis s-layer protein involved in toxicity against epilachna varivestis (coleoptera: coccinellidae). | the use of bacillus thuringiensis as a biopesticide is a viable alternative for insect control since the insecticidal cry proteins produced by these bacteria are highly specific; harmless to humans, vertebrates, and plants; and completely biodegradable. in addition to cry proteins, b. thuringiensis produces a number of extracellular compounds, including s-layer proteins (slp), that contribute to virulence. the s layer is an ordered structure representing a proteinaceous paracrystalline array whi ... | 2006 | 16391064 |
| screening of feral pigeon (colomba livia), mallard (anas platyrhynchos) and graylag goose (anser anser) populations for campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., avian influenza virus and avian paramyxovirus. | a total of 119 fresh faecal samples were collected from graylag geese migrating northwards in april. also, cloacal swabs were taken from 100 carcasses of graylag geese shot during the hunting season in august. in addition, samples were taken from 200 feral pigeons and five mallards. the cultivation of bacteria detected campylobacter jejuni jejuni in six of the pigeons, and in one of the mallards. salmonella diarizona 14: k: z53 was detected in one graylag goose, while all pigeons and mallards we ... | 2005 | 16398331 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of campylobacter jejuni sheep abortion isolates. | campylobacter species are a significant cause of sheep abortion in most sheep-raising countries. in new zealand, campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus is the leading cause of diagnosed sheep abortion and the species c. jejuni and c. coli have also been implicated. to date, strain typing information of c. jejuni sheep abortion isolates is limited. the objective of the present study was to genotype c. jejuni isolates cultured from sheep abortions submitted to diagnostic laboratories in new zealand duri ... | 2006 | 16472946 |
| host range and emerging and reemerging pathogens. | an updated literature survey identified 1,407 recognized species of human pathogen, 58% of which are zoonotic. of the total, 177 are regarded as emerging or reemerging. zoonotic pathogens are twice as likely to be in this category as are nonzoonotic pathogens. emerging and reemerging pathogens are not strongly associated with particular types of nonhuman hosts, but they are most likely to have the broadest host ranges. emerging and reemerging zoonoses are associated with a wide range of drivers, ... | 2005 | 16485468 |
| comparison of culture and a novel 5' taq nuclease assay for direct detection of campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis in clinical specimens from cattle. | a campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis-specific 5' taq nuclease pcr assay using a 3' minor groove binder-dna probe (taqman mgb) was developed based on a subspecies-specific fragment of unknown identity (s. hum, k. quinn, j. brunner, and s. l. on, aust. vet. j. 75:827-831, 1997). the assay specifically detected four c. fetus subsp. venerealis strains with no observed cross-reaction with c. fetus subsp. fetus-related campylobacter species or other bovine venereal microflora. the 5' taq nuclease a ... | 2006 | 16517880 |
| veterinary and medical aspects of abortion in danish sheep. | the danish sheep population totals around 144,000 animals, but little is known of the causes and prevalance of diseases. this study focuses on the causes of abortion in danish sheep. during one breeding season, aborted foetuses and stillbirths with signs of intrauterine death or malformation were submitted for laboratory examination from a population of 3,758 breeding ewes. samples from 24 incidents of abortion and 21 ewes delivering malformed lambs or lambs with ante partum decomposition were s ... | 2006 | 16519752 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of non-jejuni/coli campylobacters and arcobacters from belgium. | to determine the susceptibility of non-jejuni/coli campylobacters and arcobacters isolated from diarrhoeal stool specimens in belgium. | 2006 | 16533825 |
| a case of perinatal sepsis by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus infection successfully treated with carbapenem--case report and literature review. | infection due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus during pregnancy is uncommon in humans. we report a case of a pregnant woman who experienced premature labor. the infant was diagnosed with neonatal sepsis due to c. fetus subsp. fetus, and was successfully treated with carbapenem. maternal clinical symptoms and severe villitis suggested that the route of fetal infection was hematogenous spread. we also review previous reports in the literature that describe this infection during pregnancy. | 2006 | 16542730 |
| bactericidal effect and serological response of blood and secretions in bovine vibriosis. | udder infection of vaccinated heifers with vibrio fetus var. venerealis led to an early and severe reaction consisting of local swelling, hyperthermia, and increased blood leukocyte counts. this reaction was absent or less pronounced in heifers not previously vaccinated. this was interpreted as an immediate hypersensitivity reaction elicited in the vaccinated heifers. specific antibodies were found in udder exudate from vaccinated heifers. immune serum and udder exudate were moderately bacterici ... | 1971 | 16557987 |
| purification and partial characterization of a vibrio fetus immunogen. | an antigen released into broth culture medium (2 mg/100 ml of culture medium) during 20-hr growth of vibrio fetus was removed from the growth medium by salt precipitation [50 g of (nh(4))(2)so(4)/100 ml of broth] and centrifugation. about 30 mg of the postgrowth broth (pgb) antigen protein was removed from other salt precipitable material during one polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic run. the pgb antigen was further purified by using gel filtration on sephadex g-200, and a molecular weight of 13 ... | 1971 | 16558018 |
| rate of clearance of vibrio fetus var. venerealis in the rabbit. | the rate of clearance of vibrio fetus var. venerealis was measured by using in vivo and in vitro methods. the rate of clearance from the circulating blood increased in immune rabbits and reached a plateau 4 days after immunization. thereafter in vivo clearance did not increase further despite rising agglutinin titers. vibriocidal activity of freshly drawn blood paralleled the rate of in vivo clearance although it was less effective at 4 days. vibriocidal activity of immune serum was not demonstr ... | 1971 | 16558060 |
| location of vibrio fetus var. venerealis within the endometrium of the cow. | vibrio fetus was located by immunofluorescence within the endometrial epithelium of experimentally infected heifers. bacterium-like structures were also located by electron microscopy within endometrial epithelial cells. | 1971 | 16558068 |
| bovine venereal vibriosis: variations in immunoglobulin class of antibodies in genital secretions and serum. | the immunoglobulin classes of antibodies to campylobacter (vibrio) fetus in cervicovaginal mucus (cvm) were determined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test at sequential periods, since the order of class appearance has not been established for specific secretory immune responses. in the local immune response to c. fetus immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies appeared first, immunoglobulin a (iga) antibodies next, and immunoglobulin g (igg) last. igm antibodies were quite transient, but igg antib ... | 1974 | 16558094 |
| the apparent involvement of vibrio fetus in an infection of man. | | 1948 | 16561425 |
| the effects of vibrio fetus on the growth of trichomonas foetus (protozoa). | | 1948 | 16561439 |
| a selective medium for the isolation of vibrio fetus and related vibrios. | | 1956 | 16561828 |
| changes in flagellin glycosylation affect campylobacter autoagglutination and virulence. | analysis of the complete flagellin glycosylation locus of campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 revealed a less complex genomic organization than the corresponding region in the genome strain, c. jejuni nctc 11168. twenty-four of the 45 genes found between cj1293 and cj1337 in nctc 11168 are missing in 81-176. mutation of six new genes, in addition to three previously reported, resulted in a non-motile phenotype, consistent with a role in synthesis of pseudaminic acid (pseac) or transfer of pseac t ... | 2006 | 16573682 |
| prevalence of genital campylobacteriosis and trichomonosis in crossbred breeding bulls kept on zero-grazed smallholder dairy farms in the tanga region of tanzania. | a survey to demonstrate the presence or absence of genital campylobacteriosis and trichomonosis in cross-bred breeding bulls kept under smallholding dairy farms in the tanga region of tanzania was carried out during the period of january-june 1996. sheath washings, swabs and preputial scrapings were collected from 58 randomly selected bulls. campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis was demonstrated in 3/58 (5.1%) and tritrichomonas foetus in 0/58 (0%) of all bulls tested. bull-level variables of le ... | 2005 | 16642720 |
| global detection and identification of campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis. | bovine genital campylobacteriosis caused by campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (cfv) is a genital infection that threatens the cattle industry. detection and identification of cfv are key factors in control programmes. trade regulations should be based on scientifically and internationally accepted methods of detection and identification of cfv. such methods are described in the world organisation for animal health (oie) manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals. a study ... | 2005 | 16642772 |
| campylobacter curvus-associated hepatic abscesses: a case report. | campylobacter curvus was isolated from blood cultures of a patient with liver abscesses. bacterial identification involved gram staining, biochemical analysis, gas-liquid chromatography, and 16s rrna sequencing. the difficulty in isolation, identification, and growth of the species confirms previous work that these organisms may be overlooked by conventional detection methods. | 2006 | 16672438 |
| outbreaks of waterborne infectious intestinal disease in england and wales, 1992-2003. | we reviewed the epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of 89 reported outbreaks of waterborne infectious intestinal disease affecting 4321 people in england and wales over the period 1992-2003. public water supplies were implicated in 24 outbreaks (27%), private water supplies in 25 (28%), swimming pools in 35 (39%) and other sources in five outbreaks (6%). cryptosporidium was implicated in 69% of outbreaks, campylobacter sp. in 14%, giardia in 2%, e. coli o157 in 3% and astrovirus ... | 2006 | 16690002 |
| a new antibiotic combination for frozen bovine semen 1. control of mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis and haemophilus somnus. | systematic evaluations of new combinations of antibiotics for the control of bovine mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis and haemophilus somnus in a bovine frozen semen process were made. these organisms were standardized to 10(5) to 10(6) colony forming unit (cfu) and inoculated into each ml of raw semen. antibiotics in a final volume of 0.02 ml were added to each ml of the raw semen and were contained at the same concentration in the nonglycerol portion of the extend ... | 1988 | 16726381 |
| the use of loglinear model to evaluate factors associated with sero-prevalence of campylobacter fetus in dairy cattle. | campylobacter fetus is one of the leading infections causing bovine infertility and abortion. in a cross-sectional study, the associations of parity, herd, serological status against leptospira hardjo and haemophilus somnus with the sero-prevalence of campylobacter fetus in dairy cattle were evaluated. four hundred dairy cows from three herds were included in the study. blood samples from the cows were collected in december 1986. an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (elisa) was used to determine ... | 1990 | 16726898 |
| reproductive performance of beef heifers: effects of vulvo-vaginitis, ureaplasma diversum and prebreeding antibiotic administration. | a group of 450 heifers, 13 to 15 mo of age, were individually identified, vaccinated (ibr, pi(3), leptospira, campylobacter fetus), examined (body condition score, reproductive tract evaluation, assessment of vaginal lesions), and cultured for u. diversum . heifers were randomly allocated to either a treated group given chlortetracycline (approximately 350 mg/hd/d for 30 d in a grain crumble) or a nontreated control group. prebreeding, most heifers showed signs of vulvovaginitis, 44% cultured po ... | 1993 | 16727333 |
| temporal prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter spp. from beef cattle in alberta feedlots. | antimicrobial resistance (amr) was temporally assessed in campylobacters isolated from beef cattle (7,738 fecal samples from 2,622 animals) in four commercial feedlots in alberta. all calves were administered chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline in feed, and a majority of the animals (93%) were injected with long-acting oxytetracycline upon arrival at the feedlot. fecal samples from individual animals were collected upon arrival (i.e., entry sample), 69 days (standard deviation [sd] = 3 days) a ... | 2006 | 16751519 |
| identification of campylobacter fetus subspecies by phenotypic differentiation and pcr. | the species campylobacter fetus is divided into the subspecies c. fetus subsp. venerealis and c. fetus subsp. fetus, which differ in their epidemiologies and clinical importance. the differences between these subspecies make accurate distinction between the two essential. first, the value of seven key tests for the traditional differentiation of c. fetus was investigated. afterwards, the results of the phenotypic differentiation and pcr were compared to address the question of the reliability of ... | 2006 | 16757592 |
| phase variation and genomic architecture changes in azospirillum. | the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium azospirillum lipoferum 4b generates in vitro at high frequency a stable nonswimming phase variant designated 4v(i), which is distinguishable from the wild type by the differential absorption of dyes. the frequency of variants generated by a reca mutant of a. lipoferum 4b was increased up to 10-fold. the pleiotropic modifications characteristic of the phase variant are well documented, but the molecular processes involved are unknown. here, the objective ... | 2006 | 16855225 |
| detection sensitivity and quantitation of plasmodium falciparum var gene transcripts by real-time rt-pcr in comparison with conventional rt-pcr. | antigenic variation in plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1, caused by a switch in transcription of the encoding var gene, is an important feature of malaria. in this study, we quantified the relative abundance of var gene transcripts present in p. falciparum parasite clones using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and conventional rt-pcr combined with cloning and sequencing, with the aim of directly comparing the results obtained. when there was s ... | 2006 | 16896121 |
| an outbreak of salmonella abortusovis abortions in sheep in south croatia. | the aim of the study was to give an account of the epidemic of abortions in sheep caused by salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar abortusovis, which occurred in dalmatia, south croatia, in winter 2003-2004. five sheep flocks with rate of abortion ranging from 22% to 38% during the last-third of gestation were examined. salmonella abortusovis was isolated from 13 vaginal smears and two fetuses. direct inoculation was found to be superior to pre-enrichment and enrichment in selective broth for ... | 2006 | 16907961 |