| effect of h2o2 on fiber initiation using fiber retardation initiation mutants in cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | single-celled fibers initiate at anthesis from cotton seed epidermal cells of normal developmental cotton cultivars; however, fiber initiation is retarded in some cotton fiber mutants. in this study, the relationship between genes associated with fiber initiation retardation and fiber initiation development was investigated using three cotton fiber developmental mutants: recessive naked seed n2; dominant naked seed n1; and xinxiangxiaoji linted-fuzzless mutant (xinflm); with genetic standard lin ... | 2010 | 19931935 |
| global gene expression responses to waterlogging in roots and leaves of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | waterlogging stress causes yield reduction in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). a major component of waterlogging stress is the lack of oxygen available to submerged tissues. while changes in expressed protein, gene transcription and metabolite levels have been studied in response to low oxygen stress, little research has been done on molecular responses to waterlogging in cotton. we assessed cotton growth responses to waterlogging and assayed global gene transcription responses in root and leaf c ... | 2010 | 19923201 |
| genome-wide analysis reveals rapid and dynamic changes in mirna and sirna sequence and expression during ovule and fiber development in allotetraploid cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | cotton fiber development undergoes rapid and dynamic changes in a single cell type, from fiber initiation, elongation, primary and secondary wall biosynthesis, to fiber maturation. previous studies showed that cotton genes encoding putative myb transcription factors and phytohormone responsive factors were induced during early stages of ovule and fiber development. many of these factors are targets of micrornas (mirnas) that mediate target gene regulation by mrna degradation or translational rep ... | 2009 | 19889219 |
| variation in resistance to pyrethroids in helicoverpa armigera from benin republic, west africa. | pyrethroid resistance in helicoverpa armigera (hübner) field populations was investigated in benin over several years by using third- and fourth-instar larval topicalbioassays. h. armigera was resistant to pyrethroids tested as cypermethrin, deltamethrin, bifenthrin, and fenvalerate. pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide significantly decreased the ld50 value of cypermethrin and deltamethrin, and the resistance suppression by this synergist effect was observed. no significant decrease in the ld50 ... | 2009 | 19886459 |
| tarnished plant bug (hemiptera: miridae) thresholds and sampling comparisons for flowering cotton in the midsouthern united states. | the tarnished plant bug, lygus lineolaris (palisot de beauvois) (hemiptera: miridae), has become the primary target of foliar insecticides in cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., throughout the midsouth over the past several years. this prompted a reevaluation of existing action thresholds for flowering cotton under current production practices and economics. a trial was conducted at 19 locations throughout the midsouth during 2006 and 2007. threshold treatments ranged from a weekly automatic insectic ... | 2009 | 19886447 |
| molecular cloning and localization of a novel cotton annexin gene expressed preferentially during fiber development. | annexins constitute a family of multifunction and structurally related proteins. these proteins are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom, and are important calcium-dependent membrane-binding proteins that participate in the polar development of different plant regions such as rhizoids, root caps, and pollen tube tips. in this study, a novel cotton annexin gene (designated as ghfannx) was isolated from a fiber cdna library of cotton (gossypium hirsutum). the full-length cdna of ghfannx comprises an op ... | 2010 | 19885739 |
| characterization of two nadph: cytochrome p450 reductases from cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (p450s) are commonly involved in biosynthesis of endogenous compounds and catabolism of xenobiotics, and their activities rely on a partner enzyme, cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr, e.c.1.6.2.4). two cpr cdnas, ghcpr1 and ghcpr2, were isolated from cotton (gossypium hirsutum). they are 71% identical to each other at the amino acid sequence level and belong to the class i and ii of dicotyledonous cprs, respectively. the recombinant enzymes reduced cytochrome c, ferric ... | 2010 | 19883924 |
| fifty years of the integrated control concept: the role of landscape ecology in ipm in san joaquin valley cotton. | in defining the integrated control concept, stern, smith, van den bosch and hagan described 'understanding the ecosystem' as a key underpinning of the concept. in following years, stern and van den bosch continued to refine and expand the role of the ecological landscape. they and their colleagues developed cultural practices that took advantage of this understanding to limit the need of pesticide intervention in cotton in the san joaquin valley during the 1960s and 1970s. research and extension ... | 2009 | 19856340 |
| enrichment of a set of micrornas during the cotton fiber development. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum) is one of the most important economic crops and provides excellent fibers for textile manufacture. in addition to its industrial and agricultural importance, the fiber cell (plant trichome) also is a biological model system for exploring gene expression and regulation. small rnas regulate many aspects of plant growth and development. however, whether small rnas are involved in regulation of fiber cell development is unknown. | 2009 | 19788742 |
| involvement of extracellular cu/zn superoxide dismutase in cotton fiber primary and secondary cell wall biosynthesis. | extracellular cu/zn superoxide dismutases (csds) that catalyze the conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide have been suggested to be involved in lignification of secondary walls in spinach, pine and aspen. in cotton fibers, hydrogen peroxide was proposed to be involved in the induction of secondary cell wall biosynthesis. recently, we identified extracellular csds from developing cotton fibers using both immunological and epitope tagging techniques. since cotton fibers are not lignified, w ... | 2008 | 19704453 |
| heat stress-induced limitations to reproductive success in gossypium hirsutum. | using in vitro systems, numerous authors have cited the sensitivity of pollen tube growth to high temperature as a major cause of low yields for crops with valuable reproductive structures. we investigated the hypothesis that in vivo fertilization efficiency would be negatively affected by heat stress-induced changes in energy reserves and calcium-mediated oxidative status in the pistil. gossypium hirsutum plants exposed to optimal (30/20 degrees c) or high day temperature (38/20 degrees c) cond ... | 2009 | 19656331 |
| conserved mirna analysis in gossypium hirsutum through small rna sequencing. | several mirna family and their targets in cotton had been identified by computational methods based on the conserved characterization of mirnas. so far, there are no experiments to validate the existence of mirnas in cotton. in this study, to analyze the mirnas in cotton, a small rna library of sequences from 18 to 26 nt of gossypium hirsutum seedling has been built by high-throughput sequencing. in this library, 34 conserved mirna families were identified by homology search and the mirna sequen ... | 2009 | 19628031 |
| [effects of mepiquat chloride on inorganic elements contents in seeds of transgenic insect-resistant cotton determined by icp-ms]. | to evaluate the effects of a worldwide used plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride on the nutrition value and safety of seeds of transgenic bt cotton, inorganic element components and contents in seeds of bt cotton (gossypium hirsutum cv. guoxin 6) under field condition were determined using icp-ms. in bt cotton seeds, 54 kinds of inorganic elements were identified by icp-ms, and 5 kinds of major elements, k, p, mg, ca and na, were in range from 138.3 to 13,835.1 microg x g(-1). the contents o ... | 2009 | 19626916 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of five genes encoding pentatricopeptide repeat proteins from upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | the pentatricopeptide repeat (ppr) protein family is one of the largest and most complex families in plants. these proteins contain multiple 35-amino acid repeats that are proposed to form a super helix capable of binding rna. ppr proteins have been implicated in many crucial functions broadly involving organelle biogenesis and plant development. in this study, we identified many genes encoding ppr protein in upland cotton through an extensive survey of the database of gossypium hirsutum. furthe ... | 2010 | 19578975 |
| molecular and biochemical evidence for phenylpropanoid synthesis and presence of wall-linked phenolics in cotton fibers. | the mature cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fiber is a single cell with a typically thickened secondary cell wall. the aim of this research was to use molecular, spectroscopic and chemical techniques to investigate the possible occurrence of previously overlooked accumulation of phenolics during secondary cell wall formation in cotton fibers. relative quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that ghcad6 and ghcad1 were predominantly expressed among seven gene ho ... | 2009 | 19566641 |
| transcript profiling during fiber development identifies pathways in secondary metabolism and cell wall structure that may contribute to cotton fiber quality. | a global gene expression profiling study at different stages of fiber development was undertaken on two cotton species cultivated for fiber, gossypium hirsutum (l.) and g. barbadense (l.). a large proportion of the genome was expressed during both fiber elongation and subsequent secondary cell wall thickening. there was a major shift in abundance of transcripts for gene regulation, cell organization and metabolism between fiber elongation and fiber thickening that was fundamentally similar in bo ... | 2009 | 19520671 |
| identification and molecular mapping of a fusarium wilt resistant gene in upland cotton. | fusarium wilt (fw) is one of the most economically damaging cotton diseases worldwide, causing yellowing, wilting, defoliation, vascular tissue damage and ultimately death. identification of molecular markers linked to fw genes is vital to incorporate resistance into elite cotton cultivars. an intraspecific f(2) in gossypium hirsutum l. was developed by crossing with a highly resistant cultivar zhongmiansuo 35 (zms35) and a susceptible cultivar junmian 1 to screen simple sequence repeats (ssrs) ... | 2009 | 19506830 |
| expression and localization of ghh6l, a putative classical arabinogalactan protein in cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | arabinogalactan proteins (agps) are a large family of highly glycosylated of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins that play important roles in plant growth, development, and signal transduction. a cdna encoding a putative classical agp named ghh6l was isolated from cotton fiber cdna libraries, and the deduced protein contains 17 copies of repetitive motif of x-y-proline-proline-proline (where x is serine or alanine and y is threonine or serine). northern blotting analysis and quantitative rt-pcr re ... | 2009 | 19499153 |
| a synthetic auxin (naa) suppresses secondary wall cellulose synthesis and enhances elongation in cultured cotton fiber. | use of a synthetic auxin (naphthalene-1-acetic acid, naa) to start (gossypium hirsutum) ovule/fiber cultures hindered fiber secondary wall cellulose synthesis compared with natural auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, iaa). in contrast, naa promoted fiber elongation and ovule weight gain, which resulted in larger ovule/fiber units. to reach these conclusions, fiber and ovule growth parameters were measured and cell wall characteristics were examined microscopically. the differences in fiber from naa and ... | 2009 | 19479259 |
| a new interspecific, gossypium hirsutum x g. barbadense, ril population: towards a unified consensus linkage map of tetraploid cotton. | we report the development of a new interspecific cotton recombinant inbred line (ril) population of 140 lines deriving from an interspecific cross between gossypium hirsutum (gh) and g. barbadense (gb), using the same two parents that have served for the construction of a bc(1) map and for the marker-assisted backcross selection program underway at cirad. two marker systems, microsatellites and aflps, were used. an important feature of the ril population was its marked segregation distortion wit ... | 2009 | 19387609 |
| a specialized outer layer of the primary cell wall joins elongating cotton fibers into tissue-like bundles. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum) provides the world's dominant renewable textile fiber, and cotton fiber is valued as a research model because of its extensive elongation and secondary wall thickening. previously, it was assumed that fibers elongated as individual cells. in contrast, observation by cryo-field emission-scanning electron microscopy of cotton fibers developing in situ within the boll demonstrated that fibers elongate within tissue-like bundles. these bundles were entrained by twisting f ... | 2009 | 19369592 |
| interaction of novel dobzhansky-muller type genes for the induction of hybrid lethality between gossypium hirsutum and g. barbadense cv. coastland r4-4. | hybrid lethality was identified in interspecific hybrids between two cotton species, gossypium hirsutum and g. barbadense cv. coastland r4-4 (r4-4). genetic analysis indicated that the lethal symptom was controlled by two dominant complementary genes, one from g. hirsutum and another from r4-4. microsatellite mapping identified the location of the causal gene in g. hirsutum as chromosome d8, while the r4-4 gene was placed on chromosome d11. our data indicate that these genes conform to the dobzh ... | 2009 | 19330312 |
| the myb transcription factor ghmyb25 regulates early fibre and trichome development. | little is still known about the developmental control of the long seed coat trichomes of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). in arabidopsis, leaf trichome initiation is regulated by a group of well-defined transcription factors that includes myb and homeodomain types. many mybs are expressed in fibres, but their roles in fibre development remain unclear. we analysed the function of one myb transcription factor, ghmyb25, identified from transcriptome comparisons between wild-type and fibreless cotton ... | 2009 | 19309462 |
| undamaged cotton plants yield more if their neighbour is damaged: implications for pest management. | understanding the compensatory responses of crops to pest damage is important in developing pest thresholds. compensation for pest damage in crops can occur at the plant level, where the architecture, growth dynamics and allocation patterns of damaged plants are altered, allowing them to recover or, at the crop level, where differential damage between plants may alter plant-to-plant interactions. we investigated growth and yield of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) following non-uniform manual defo ... | 2009 | 19203400 |
| devitalization of transgenic seed that preserves dna and protein integrity. | agricultural biotechnology companies have been asked to provide intact transgenic seed to regulatory agencies as reference materials for evaluating transgene and protein detection methods (pcr and immunoassay). due to intellectual-property and product-stewardship considerations, submission of devitalized seed prior to regulatory approval is preferable in any given country. commonly used devitalization procedures, such as heating or autoclaving, degrade the protein and/or dna rendering the seed u ... | 2008 | 19183799 |
| construction of a bacterial artificial chromosome library of tm-1, a standard line for genetics and genomics in upland cotton. | a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library was constructed for gossypium hirsutum acc. tm-1, a genetic and genomic standard line for upland cotton. the library consists of 147 456 clones with an average insert size of 122.8 kb ranging from 97 to 240 kb. about 96.0% of the clones have inserts over 100 kb. therefore, this library represents theoretically 7.4 haploid genome equivalents based on an ad genome size of 2 425 mb. clones were stored in 384 384(-) well plates and arrayed into multipl ... | 2009 | 19166501 |
| index selection on seed traits under direct, cytoplasmic and maternal effects in multiple environments. | crop seeds are important sources of protein, oil, and carbohydrates for food, animal feeds, and industrial products. recently, much attention has been paid to quality and functional properties of crop seeds. however, seed traits possess some distinct genetic characteristics in comparison with plant traits, which increase the difficulty of genetically improving these traits. in this study, diallel analysis for seed models with genotype by environment interaction (ge) effect was applied to estimat ... | 2009 | 19161944 |
| expression of genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism in cotton stems and roots. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l) is an important crop worldwide that provides fiber for the textile industry. cotton is a perennial plant that stores starch in stems and roots to provide carbohydrates for growth in subsequent seasons. domesticated cotton makes these reserves available to developing seeds which impacts seed yield. the goals of these analyses were to identify genes and physiological pathways that establish cotton stems and roots as physiological sinks and investigate the role these p ... | 2009 | 19161628 |
| overexpression of thellungiella halophila h(+)-ppase (tsvp) in cotton enhances drought stress resistance of plants. | an h(+)-ppase gene, tsvp from thellungiella halophila, was transferred into two cotton (gossypium hirsutum) varieties (lumianyan19 and lumianyan 21) and southern and northern blotting analysis showed the foreign gene was integrated into the cotton genome and expressed. the measurement of isolated vacuolar membrane vesicles demonstrated that the transgenic plants had higher v-h(+)-ppase activity compared with wild-type plants (wt). overexpressing tsvp in cotton improved shoot and root growth, and ... | 2009 | 19130078 |
| the ghacs1 gene encodes an acyl-coa synthetase which is essential for normal microsporogenesis in early anther development of cotton. | microsporogenesis, associated with the functional expression of many genes, is a highly programmed and regulated process in flowering plants. to elucidate the roles of genes during anther development, two anther-specific cdnas (designated ghacs1 and ghacs2) encoding acyl-coa synthetases (acss) were isolated from a cotton (gossypium hirsutum) flower cdna library. subsequently, the corresponding ghacs1 gene was isolated from a cotton genomic dna library. real-time quantitative rt-pcr and northern ... | 2009 | 18826432 |
| molecular diversity and association mapping of fiber quality traits in exotic g. hirsutum l. germplasm. | the narrow genetic base of cultivated cotton germplasm is hindering the cotton productivity worldwide. although potential genetic diversity exists in gossypium genus, it is largely 'underutilized' due to photoperiodism and the lack of innovative tools to overcome such challenges. the application of linkage disequilibrium (ld)-based association mapping is an alternative powerful molecular tool to dissect and exploit the natural genetic diversity conserved within cotton germplasm collections, grea ... | 2008 | 18801424 |
| nectar feeding by wandering spiders on cotton plants. | spiders are assumed to be strictly carnivorous in assessments of their nutritional and energetic requirements, their habitat preferences, and their potential as biological control agents. however, members of salticidae (jumping spiders), thomisidae (crab spiders), and the fast-moving miturgidae, anyphaenidae, and corinnidae, all non-webbuilding wandering spiders, have been observed at floral and extrafloral nectaries of plants, presumably feeding on nectar. to test spiders in the field for necta ... | 2008 | 18801266 |
| purification and biochemical characterization of polyphenol oxidases from embryogenic and nonembryogenic cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cells. | polyphenol oxidases (ppos) were isolated from cell suspensions of two cultivars of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), and their biochemical characteristics were studied. ppo from coker 312, an embryogenic cultivar, showed a highest affinity to catechol 20 mm, and ppo from r405-2000, a nonembryogenic cultivar, showed a highest affinity to 4-methylcatechol 20 mm. the optimal ph for ppo activity was 7.0 and 6.0 for coker 312 and r405-2000, respectively. the enzyme had an optimal temperature of 25 degr ... | 2009 | 18795241 |
| analysis of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (xth) genes from allotetraploid (gossypium hirsutum) cotton and its diploid progenitors expressed during fiber elongation. | multiple cellular pathways have been shown to be involved during fiber initiation and elongation stages in the cultivated allotetraploid cotton (gossypium hirsutum). the cell wall enzymes xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolases (xth) have been reported to be associated with the biosynthesis of the cell wall and the growth of cotton fibers, probably regulating the plasticity of the primary cell wall. among various cotton fiber cdnas found to be preferentially expressed in cotton fibers, a xylo ... | 2009 | 18789555 |
| down-regulation of ghadf1 gene expression affects cotton fibre properties. | cotton fibre is the most important natural fibres for textile industry. to date, the mechanism that governs the development of fibre traits is largely unknown. in this study, we have characterized the function of a member of the actin depolymerizing factor (adf) family in gossypium hirsutum by down-regulation of the gene (designated as ghadf1) expression in the transgenic cotton plants. we observed that both the fibre length and strength of the ghadf1-underexpressing plants increased as compared ... | 2009 | 18761653 |
| mapping and quantitative trait loci analysis of verticillium wilt resistance genes in cotton. | verticillium wilt is one of the most serious constraints to cotton production in almost all of the cotton-growing countries. in this study, "xinluzao1" (xlz1), a susceptible cultivar gossypium hirsutum l. and "hai7124" (h7124), a resistant line g. barbadense, and their f(2:3) families were used to map and study the disease index induced by verticillium wilt. a total of 430 ssr loci were mapped into 41 linkage groups; the map spanned 3,745.9 cm and the average distance between adjacent loci was 8 ... | 2008 | 18713439 |
| silicon carbide whisker-mediated embryogenic callus transformation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and regeneration of salt tolerant plants. | a silicon carbide whisker-mediated gene transfer system with recovery of fertile and stable transformants was developed for cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cv. coker-312. two-month-old hypocotyl-derived embryogenic/non-embryogenic calli at different days after subculture were treated with silicon carbide whiskers for 2 min in order to deliver pgreen0029 encoding gus gene and prg229 avp1 gene, encoding arabidopsis vacuolar pyrophosphatase, having neomycin phosphotransferaseii (nptii) genes as plan ... | 2008 | 18663608 |
| purification and characterization of cell suspensions peroxidase from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | two peroxidases, cpod-i and rpod-ii, have been isolated and purified from cotton cell suspension and their biochemical characteristics studied. rpod-ii from r405-2000, a non-embryogenic cultivar, has higher activity than cpod-i derived from coker 312, which developed an embryogenic structure. the cpod-i and rpod-ii had molecular mass of 39.1 and 64 kda respectively, as determined by sds-page. both enzymes showed high efficiency of interaction with the guaiacol at 25 mm. the optimal ph for cpod-i ... | 2009 | 18649146 |
| gene-rich islands for fiber development in the cotton genome. | cotton fiber is an economically important seed trichome and the world's leading natural fiber used in the manufacture of textiles. as a step toward elucidating the genomic organization and distribution of gene networks responsible for cotton fiber development, we investigated the distribution of fiber genes in the cotton genome. results revealed the presence of gene-rich islands for fiber genes with a biased distribution in the tetraploid cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) genome that was also linke ... | 2008 | 18619771 |
| qtl mapping of yield and fiber traits based on a four-way cross population in gossypium hirsutum l. | four-way cross (4wc) involving four different inbred lines frequently appears in the cotton breeding programs. however, linkage analysis and quantitative trait loci (qtl) mapping with molecular markers in cotton has largely been applied to populations derived from a cross between two inbred lines, and few results of qtl dissection were conducted in a 4wc population. in this study, an attempt was made to construct a linkage map and identify qtl for yield and fiber quality traits in 4wc derived fr ... | 2008 | 18604518 |
| a preliminary analysis of genome structure and composition in gossypium hirsutum. | upland cotton has the highest yield, and accounts for > 95% of world cotton production. decoding upland cotton genomes will undoubtedly provide the ultimate reference and resource for structural, functional, and evolutionary studies of the species. here, we employed genetrek and bac tagging information approaches to predict the general composition and structure of the allotetraploid cotton genome. | 2008 | 18590573 |
| atg-anchored aflp (atg-aflp) analysis in cotton. | amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) marker system has had broad applications in biology. however, the anonymous aflp markers are mainly amplified from non-coding regions, limiting their usefulness as a functional marker system. to take advantages of the traditional aflp techniques, we propose substitution of a restriction enzyme that recognizes a restriction site containing atg, called atg-anchored aflp (atg-aflp) analysis. in this study, we chose nsii (recognizing atgcat) to replace e ... | 2008 | 18584177 |
| chilling stress response of postemergent cotton seedlings. | early season development of cotton is often impaired by sudden episodes of chilling temperature. we determined the chilling response specific to postemergent 13-day-old cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. coker 100a-glandless) seedlings. seedlings were gradually chilled during the dark period and rewarmed during the night-to-day transition. for some chilled plants, the soil temperature was maintained at control level. plant growth, water relations and net photosynthesis (p(n)) were analyzed after ... | 2008 | 18573190 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a cytosolic glutamine synthetase gene, a fiber strength-associated gene in cotton. | an expressed sequence tag encoding glutamine synthetase (gs) was identified by microarray-based hybridization using fiber mrnas of allotetraploid gossypium hirsutum, 7235, a super quality property germplasm line, and tm-1, a genetic standard in g. hirsutum. northern-blot analysis verified transcript accumulation differences in 8 dpa fibers (including ovules) in the two varieties. the full-length cdna encoding gs in 7235 was isolated and named ghgs. sequence analysis revealed that the ghgs was si ... | 2008 | 18560885 |
| characteristics and analysis of simple sequence repeats in the cotton genome based on a linkage map constructed from a bc1 population between gossypium hirsutum and g. barbadense. | in the past decade, several molecular maps of cotton have been constructed using diverse dna molecular markers and mapping populations. in this study, an interspecific linkage map of allotetraploid cotton was developed using a bc1 population ((gossypium hirsutum x g. barbadense) x g. hirsutum). this map was genome-wide and was based entirely on simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. forty-four linkage groups were assigned to 26 chromosomes, with 917 loci spanning 5452.2 cm of the genome. the aver ... | 2008 | 18545277 |
| characterization of 19 novel cotton fla genes and their expression profiling in fiber development and in response to phytohormones and salt stress. | fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (flas), a subclass of arabinogalactan proteins (agps), are usually involved in cell development in plants. to investigate the expression profiling as well as the role of fla genes in fiber development, 19 ghfla genes (cdnas) were isolated from cotton (gossypium hirsutum). among them, 15 are predicted to be glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored to the plasma membranes. the isolated cotton flas could be divided into four groups. real-time quantitative revers ... | 2008 | 18507812 |
| detection of somaclonal variation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) using cytogenetics, flow cytometry and molecular markers. | two protocols of plant regeneration for cotton were adopted in this study, namely, 2, 4-d and kinetin hormone combination and iba and kinetin hormone combination. twenty-eight embryogenic cell lines via somatic embryogenesis and 67 regenerated plants from these embryogenic calli were selected and used for random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd), simple sequence repeat (ssr), chromosomal number counting, and flow cytometric analysis. the roles of rapd and ssr markers in detecting somaclonal varia ... | 2008 | 18504587 |
| pb(ii) biosorption from hazardous aqueous streams using gossypium hirsutum (cotton) waste biomass. | studies on the biosorptive ability of gossypium hirsutum (cotton) waste biomass outlined that smaller size of biosorbent (0.355mm), higher biomass dose (0.20g), 5 ph and 100mg/l initial pb(ii) concentration were more suitable for enhanced pb(ii) biosorption from aqueous medium. the langmuir isotherm model and pseudo second order kinetic model fitted well to the data of pb(ii) biosorption. highly negative magnitude of gibbs free energy (deltag degrees ) indicated that the process was spontaneous ... | 2009 | 18502037 |
| low temperature and light regulate delta 12 fatty acid desaturases (fad2) at a transcriptional level in cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | lipid modifying enzymes play a key role in the development of cold stress tolerance in cold-resistant plants such as cereals. however, little is known about the role of the endogenous enzymes in cold-sensitive species such as cotton. delta 12 fatty acid desaturases (fad2), known to participate in adaptation to low temperatures through acyl chain modifications were used in gene expression studies in order to identify parameters of plant response to low temperatures. the induction of microsomal de ... | 2008 | 18453533 |
| tillage, cropping systems, and nitrogen fertilizer source effects on soil carbon sequestration and fractions. | quantification of soil carbon (c) cycling as influenced by management practices is needed for c sequestration and soil quality improvement. we evaluated the 10-yr effects of tillage, cropping system, and n source on crop residue and soil c fractions at 0- to 20-cm depth in decatur silt loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic, typic paleudults) in northern alabama, usa. treatments were incomplete factorial combinations of three tillage practices (no-till [nt], mulch till [mt], and conventional till [ct ... | 2015 | 18453410 |
| the crystal structure of calcium-bound annexin gh1 from gossypium hirsutum and its implications for membrane binding mechanisms of plant annexins. | plant annexins show distinct differences in comparison with their animal orthologues. in particular, the endonexin sequence, which is responsible for coordination of calcium ions in type ii binding sites, is only partially conserved in plant annexins. the crystal structure of calcium-bound cotton annexin gh1 was solved at 2.5 a resolution and shows three metal ions coordinated in the first and fourth repeat in types ii and iii binding sites. although the protein has no detectable affinity for ca ... | 2008 | 18441010 |
| carbon dioxide efflux from soil with poultry litter applications in conventional and conservation tillage systems in northern alabama. | increased co2 release from soils resulting from agricultural practices such as tillage has generated concerns about contributions to global warming. maintaining current levels of soil c and/or sequestering additional c in soils are important mechanisms to reduce co2 in the atmosphere through production agriculture. we conducted a study in northern alabama from 2003 to 2006 to measure co2 efflux and c storage in long-term tilled and non-tilled cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plots receiving poultr ... | 2013 | 18396538 |
| characterization and expression of plasma and tonoplast membrane aquaporins in elongating cotton fibers. | cotton fiber (gossypium hirsutum l. and g. barbadense l.) is a good model for studies of plant cell elongation and cell wall biogenesis. aquaporins are ancient membrane channel proteins that facilitate the permeation of water across biological membranes. we studied ghpip1-2, encoding plasma membrane intrinsic protein, and ghgammatip1, encoding tonoplast intrinsic protein, during cotton fiber development. the full-length cdnas of ghpip1-2 and ghgammatip1 were obtained through 5' race. the deduced ... | 2008 | 18392624 |
| increased terpenoid accumulation in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) foliage is a general wound response. | the subepidermal pigment glands of cotton accumulate a variety of terpenoid products, including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and terpenoid aldehydes that can act as feeding deterrents against a number of insect herbivore species. we compared the effect of herbivory by spodoptera littoralis caterpillars, mechanical damage by a fabric pattern wheel, and the application of jasmonic acid on levels of the major representatives of the three structural classes of terpenoids in the leaf foliage of 4-we ... | 2008 | 18386096 |
| isolation and structural characterization of a novel oligosaccharide from the rhamnogalacturonan of gossypium hirsutum l. | an alkali extract of cell walls of gossypium hirsutum l. was sequentially digested by endo-polygalacturonase (ec 3.2.1.15), arabinofuranosidase an1571.2 (ec 3.2.1.55), endo-arabinase (ec 3.2.1.99), and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase an9314.2 (ec 3.2.1.15). the rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase-generated oligosaccharides were separated by ultrafiltration, size-exclusion, and anion exchange chromatography. fractions from the anion exchange chromatography were pooled, lyophilized, and screened by maldi-to ... | 2008 | 18353294 |
| the ascorbate peroxidase regulated by h(2)o(2) and ethylene is involved in cotton fiber cell elongation by modulating ros homeostasis. | ascorbate peroxidase (apx) is a reactive oxygen species (ross) scavenging enzyme involved in regulation of intracellular ros levels by reduction of h(2)o(2) to water using ascorbate as an electron donor. in new phytologist 2007; 175:462-71, we identified a cotton cytosolic apx1 (ghapx1) that was significantly accumulated during the fast fiber-cell elongation period, through a proteomics approach. both the transcript levels of ghapx1 and the total apx activity were highly induced in response to i ... | 2008 | 19704716 |
| analysis of genetic effects of nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction on quantitative traits: genetic models for seed traits of plants. | two genetic models (an embryo model and an endosperm model) were proposed for analyzing genetic effects of nuclear genes, cytoplasmic genes, maternal genes, and nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction (nci) as well as their genotype by environment interaction for quantitative traits of plant seed. in these models, the nci effects were partitioned into direct additive and dominance nci components. mixed linear model approaches were employed for statistical analysis. for both balanced and unbalanced diall ... | 2008 | 18283427 |
| integrating soil conservation practices and glyphosate-resistant crops: impacts on soil. | conservation practices often associated with glyphosate-resistant crops, e.g. limited tillage and crop cover, improve soil conditions, but only limited research has evaluated their effects on soil in combination with glyphosate-resistant crops. it is assumed that conservation practices have similar benefits to soil whether or not glyphosate-resistant crops are used. this paper reviews the impact on soil of conservation practices and glyphosate-resistant crops, and presents data from a mississipp ... | 2008 | 18275105 |
| comparison of direct and indirect sampling methods for tarnished plant bug (hemiptera: miridae) in flowering cotton. | a complex of hemipterans, especially the tarnished plant bug, lygus lineolaris (palisot de beauvois) (hemiptera: miridae), has become a major target of insecticides in flowering cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., in the mid-southern united states. sampling protocols for this complex during this period of cotton development are poorly established, resulting in uncertainty about when infestations warrant treatment. nine direct and indirect sampling methods were evaluated for bias, precision, and effic ... | 2007 | 18232411 |
| novel cotton homeobox gene and its expression profiling in root development and in response to stresses and phytohormones. | homeodomain-leucine zipper (hd-zip) proteins are transcriptional factors involved in plant development. in this study, one cdna clone (gossypium hirsutum homeobox1, designated ghhb1) encoding hd-zip protein was isolated from a cotton root cdna library. the ghhb1 cdna is 1132 bp in length, including an 828 bp open reading frame that encodes a peptide with 275 amino acids, and 5'/3'untranslated regions. the predicted ghhb1 protein containing a homeodomain and a leucine-rich zipper motif shares rel ... | 2008 | 18180856 |
| characterization and expression analysis of terminal flower1 homologs from cultivated alloteraploid cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and its diploid progenitors. | the seasonal cycle and persistence of a plant is governed by a combination of the determinate or indeterminate status of shoot and root apical meristems. a perennial plant is one in which the apical meristem of at least one of its shoot axes remains indeterminate beyond the first growth season. terminal flower1 (tfl1) genes play important roles in regulating flowering time, the fate of inflorescence meristem and perenniality. to investigate the role of tfl1-like genes in the determination of the ... | 2008 | 18171595 |
| comparative analysis of gene expression between cms-d8 restored plants and normal non-restoring fertile plants in cotton by differential display. | cms-d8 and its restorer were developed by introducing the cytoplasm and nuclear gene rf (2) from the wild diploid gossypium trilobum (d8) into the cultivated tetraploid upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum). no information is available on how the rf (2) gene interacts with cms-associated genes and how cms-d8 cytoplasm affects nuclear gene expression. the objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes in anther tissues between the non-restoring fertile maintainer ark8518 (rf( ... | 2008 | 18080126 |
| quantitative real-time pcr assay to detect transgene copy number in cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | a taqman quantitative real-time pcr detection system was developed to examine transgene copy number in cotton. ghubc1, a gene validated to be present as a single copy per haploid gossypium hirsutum genome, was used as the endogenous reference to estimate copy number of gfp and selection marker nptii in 28 t0 plants. this system was found to be more accurate than genomic southern blot hybridization and could effectively tell homozygotes from heterozygotes in a t1 transgenic cotton population. the ... | 2008 | 18078801 |
| environmental effects on oxygen isotope enrichment of leaf water in cotton leaves. | the oxygen isotope enrichment of bulk leaf water (delta(b)) was measured in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) leaves to test the craig-gordon and farquhar-gan models under different environmental conditions. delta(b) increased with increasing leaf-to-air vapor pressure difference (vpd) as an overall result of the responses to the ratio of ambient to intercellular vapor pressures (e(a)/e(i)) and to stomatal conductance (g(s)). the oxygen isotope enrichment of lamina water relative to source water (delt ... | 2008 | 18065567 |
| response of the photosynthetic apparatus of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) to the onset of drought stress under field conditions studied by gas-exchange analysis and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging. | the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) grown during the onset of water limitation was studied by gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence to better understand the adaptation mechanisms of the photosynthetic apparatus to drought conditions. for this, cotton was grown in the field in central asia under well-irrigated and moderately drought-stressed conditions. the light and co(2) responses of photosynthesis (a(g)), stomatal conductance (g(s)) and various ch ... | 2008 | 18053735 |
| molecular cloning, expression profile and promoter analysis of a novel ethylene responsive transcription factor gene gherf4 from cotton (gossypium hirstum). | ethylene-responsive element binding factors (erfs) are plant-specific transcription factors, many of which have been linked to stress responses. a novel erf gene, designated gherf4, was isolated by race-pcr from gossypium hirsutum. the gherf4 cdna has a total length of 1061bp with an open reading frame of 669bp, encoding a protein of 222 amino acids with a molecular weight of 23.5kda and a calculated pi of 9.03. sequence alignment shows that gherf4 contains a 58 amino acid long ap2/erf domain an ... | 2008 | 18035549 |
| combining ability and heterosis for earliness characters in line x tester population of gossypium hirsutum l. | the objective of this study was to estimate the general combining ability of the parents and specific combining ability of hybrids for earliness traits for line selection. inheritance and interrelationships of earliness characters were evaluated in a line x tester design. three intermediate-early-maturing female (lines) which are grown regionally and four early-maturing males (testers) cotton varieties were crossed in 2003. the twelve f(1) and seven parents were planted randomized block design w ... | 2007 | 18031352 |
| influence of nezara viridula feeding on cotton yield, fiber quality, and seed germination. | the influence of southern green stink bug, nezara viridula (l.), adults (males and females) and fourth to fifth instars on cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., boll abscission, seedcotton yield, fiber quality, and seed viability was evaluated in field studies conducted during 2004 and 2005. cotton bolls representing several age classes ranging from 0-600 heat units were individually infested with a specific gender or life stage of southern green stink bug. adults and nymphs induced abscission of bolls ... | 2007 | 17972633 |
| ethylene induced cotton leaf abscission is associated with higher expression of cellulase (ghcel1) and increased activities of ethylene biosynthesis enzymes in abscission zone. | ethylene induced cotton (gossypium hirsutum var rst-39) leaf abscission has been characterized by measuring the activities of acc synthase (acs, e.c. 4.4.1.14), acc oxidase (aco, e.c. 1.14.17.4) and cellulase (e.c. 3.2.1.4). in addition, a leaf abscission specific cdna (ghcel1) has been cloned from cotton, which belongs to the alpha(2) subgroup of cellulases that possess a c-terminus carbohydrate-binding domain. measurement of enzyme activity in the abscission zones of cotton leaf explants expos ... | 2008 | 17964177 |
| molecular characterization of a transient expression gene encoding for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | ethylene performs an important function in plant growth and development. 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) synthase (acs), the key enzyme involved in ethylene biosynthesis, has been the focus of most ethylene studies. here, a cotton acs gene referred to as gossypium hirsutum acs1 (ghacs1), was isolated. the full-length cdna of ghacs1 encodes for a 476-amino acid protein which harbors seven conserved regions, 11 invariant amino acid residues, and the plp binding active site, all of which ch ... | 2007 | 17927914 |
| molecular markers linked to the rf2 fertility restorer gene in cotton. | cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is a maternally inherited trait in which plants do not produce viable pollen. fertility in plants with cms can be recovered by nuclear restorer genes. most restorer genes cloned so far are members of the pentatricopeptide repeat (ppr) protein family. the objective of our study was to use the cms-d8 and restoration (rf2) system of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) to develop more dna markers for the rf2 gene. in a backcross population with 112 plants, segregation of ... | 2007 | 17893722 |
| [disturbed structure and function of chloroplasts during blocked biosynthesis of 5'-aminolevulinic acid in the light]. | xantha-702 mutant of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) proved to have blocked synthesis of 5'-aminolevulinic acid in the light. accordingly, mutant leaves accumulated 2-5% chlorophyll of baseline. mutant plants demonstrated disturbed production of pigment-protein complexes of photosystems i (psi) and ii (psii) and generation of the chloroplast membrane system blocked at the early stages, largely, at the stages of vesicles and single short thylakoid. the functional activity of the psi and psii react ... | 2016 | 17853692 |
| a majority of cotton genes are expressed in single-celled fiber. | multicellular eukaryotes contain a diversity of cell types, presumably differing from one another in the suite of genes expressed during development. at present, little is known about the proportion of the genome transcribed in most cell types, nor the degree to which global patterns of expression change during cellular differentiation. to address these questions in a model plant system, we studied the unique and highly exaggerated single-celled, epidermal seed trichomes ("cotton") of cultivated ... | 2008 | 17849148 |
| expression partitioning between genes duplicated by polyploidy under abiotic stress and during organ development. | allopolyploidy has been a prominent mode of speciation and a recurrent process during plant evolution and has contributed greatly to the large number of duplicated genes in plant genomes [1-4]. polyploidy often leads to changes in genome organization and gene expression [5-9]. the expression of genes that are duplicated by polyploidy (termed homeologs) can be partitioned between the duplicates so that one copy is expressed and functions only in some organs and the other copy is expressed only in ... | 2007 | 17825563 |
| a strategy for designing multi-taxa specific reference gene systems. example of application--ppi phosphofructokinase (ppi-ppf) used for the detection and quantification of three taxa: maize (zea mays), cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and rice (oryza sativa). | in the first part of the paper, we report the description of a new strategy for the development of a plant reference gene system that can be used for genetically modified organism (gmo) analysis. on the basis of in silico research for candidate genes, the design of degenerate primers allowed the obtention of genomic sequences of the selected gene ppi-phosphofructokinase ( ppi-ppf) for nine taxa in which gmos have been developed. the comparison and the analysis of inter- and intraspecies sequence ... | 2007 | 17824661 |
| the induction of microsomal nadph:cytochrome p450 and nadh:cytochrome b(5) reductases by long-term salt treatment of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) plants. | we studied the effect of salinity on the activity of microsomal nadph:cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr, ec 1.6.2.4) and nadh:ferricytochrome b(5) oxidoreductase (b5r, ec 1.6.2.2) in two dicotyledonous plant species differing in their sensitivity to salt, cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv ogosta) and common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. cv dobrujanski 7). a significant inhibition of fresh weight of salt-treated bean plants was observed, while cotton was affected to a much lesser degree. nacl applicati ... | 2007 | 17761430 |
| comparative characteristics and gene action in three petal-spotted mutants of gossypium hirsutum. | | 2007 | 17656854 |
| meiosis in a triploid hybrid of gossypium: high frequency of secondary bipolar spindles at metaphase ii. | studies on meiosis in pollen mother cells (pmcs) of a triploid interspecific hybrid (3x = 39 chromosomes, aad) between tetraploid gossypium hirsutum (4n = 2x = 52,aadd) and diploid g. arboreum (2n = 2x = 26,aa) are reported. during meiotic metaphase i, 13 aa bivalents and 13 d univalents are expected in the hybrid. however, only 28% of the pmcs had this expected configuration. the rest of the pmcs had between 8 and 12 bivalents and between 12 and 17 univalents. univalents lagged at anaphase i, a ... | 2007 | 17656848 |
| laser capture microdissection and cdna microarrays used to generate gene expression profiles of the rapidly expanding fibre initial cells on the surface of cotton ovules. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fibre initial cells undergo a rapid cellular re-programming around anthesis to form the long cellulose fibres prized for textile manufacture. on the day of anthesis the cotton fibre initial cells balloon out from the ovule surface and so are clearly distinguished from adjacent epidermal pavement cells. to enhance our understanding of the molecular processes that determine which cells become fibres and why adjacent epidermal cells remain in a different developmental ... | 2007 | 17636323 |
| development of one set of chromosome-specific microsatellite-containing bacs and their physical mapping in gossypium hirsutum l. | fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish), using bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clone as probe, is a reliable cytological technique for chromosome identification. it has been used in many plants, especially in those containing numerous small chromosomes. we previously developed eight chromosome-specific bac clones from tetraploid cotton, which were used as excellent cytological markers for chromosomes identification. here, we isolated the other chromosome-specific bac clones to make a com ... | 2007 | 17632699 |
| analysis of genetic effects of nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction on quantitative traits: genetic model for diploid plants. | a genetic model was proposed for simultaneously analyzing genetic effects of nuclear, cytoplasm, and nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction (nci) as well as their genotype by environment (ge) interaction for quantitative traits of diploid plants. in the model, the nci effects were further partitioned into additive and dominance nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction components. mixed linear model approaches were used for statistical analysis. on the basis of diallel cross designs, monte carlo simulations show ... | 2007 | 17601616 |
| analysis of differentially expressed genes in genic male sterility cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) using cdna-aflp. | cdna amplified fragment length polymorphism (cdna-aflp) analysis was used to investigate the differentially expressed genes between sterile and fertile plants of ms5ms6 double-recessive genic male sterility (gms) two-type line cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) at different stages, i.e., sporogenous cell stage, pollen mother cell (pmc) stage, and pollen grain stage. seventeen differentially expressed fragments were identified. functional analysis indicated that their corresponding genes may particip ... | 2007 | 17601613 |
| ghdet2, a steroid 5alpha-reductase, plays an important role in cotton fiber cell initiation and elongation. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fibers, one of the most important natural raw materials for textile industry, are highly elongated trichomes from epidermal cells of cotton ovules. det2, an arabidopsis steroid 5d-reductase, is considered to catalyze a major rate-limiting in brassinosteroid (br) biosynthesis. to understand the role of brs in cotton fiber development, ghdet2, which putatively encodes a steroid 5alpha-reductase by sequence comparison, was cloned from developing fiber cells. in vitro ... | 2007 | 17565582 |
| [estimation of the efficiency of seed irradiation by thermal neutrons for inducing chromosomal aberrations in m1 of cotton gossypium hirsutum l]. | exposure of cotton seeds to thermal neutrons at doses of 15, 25, and 35 gy was shown to induce many altered plants, including sterile and chimeric ones. most of these phenotypic changes were shown to result from novel genomic, chromosomal, and desynaptic mutations. the presence of these mutations in the karyotype of m, plants often decreased meiotic index and pollen fertility. in translocation forms, the decrease in pollen fertility was caused by the prevalence of quadrivalents in form of rings ... | 2007 | 17555126 |
| [the inheritance of an ultra-dwarf plant mutant from upland cotton]. | the inheritance of an ultra-dwarf plant mutant from upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) was studied, which showed that the mutant was controlled by single recessive quality gene. this gene was denominated as du tentatively. no similar mutant has been found in upland cotton. the mutation could not normally flower and produce bolls under natural conditions, and its mature height was only 10.5 cm. when treated with exogenous ga3, it could normally flower and boll, and plant height could reach 57. ... | 2007 | 17548311 |
| quantitative analysis of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) lint trash by fluorescence spectroscopy. | the presence of cotton plant botanical components, or trash, embedded in lint subsequent to harvesting and ginning is an important criterion in the classification of baled cotton by the u.s. department of agriculture agricultural marketing service. the trash particles may be reduced in size to the point that specific trash types are not identifiable by image or gravimetric analysis, and it is desirable to quantify different trash types so that processing lines may be optimized for removal of the ... | 2007 | 17536818 |
| analysis of gene expression in cotton fiber initials. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fibers are trichomes that initiate from the ovule epidermis. little is known about the developmental pathway causing fiber to differentiate from ovular epidermal cells even though limits on the number of cells that differentiate into fiber will limit yield. | 2007 | 17506877 |
| molecular characterization of four adf genes differentially expressed in cotton. | actin depolymerizing factor (adf), highly conserved in all eukaryotic cells, is a low molecular mass of actin-binding protein, which plays a key role in modulating the polymerizing and depolymerizing of the actin filaments. four cdnas (designated ghadf2, ghadf3, ghadf4, and ghadf5, respectively) encoding adf proteins were isolated from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fiber cdna library. ghadf2 cdna is 705 bp in length and deduces a protein with 139 amino acids. ghadf3 cdna is 819 bp in length and en ... | 2007 | 17498633 |
| nitrogen and phosphorus runoff losses from variable and constant intensity rainfall simulations on loamy sand under conventional and strip tillage systems. | further studies on the quality of runoff from tillage and cropping systems in the southeastern usa are needed to refine current risk assessment tools for nutrient contamination. our objective was to quantify and compare effects of constant (ic) and variable (iv) rainfall intensity patterns on inorganic nitrogen (n) and phosphorus (p) losses from a tifton loamy sand (plinthic kandiudult) cropped to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and managed under conventional (ct) or strip-till (st) systems. we s ... | 2013 | 17485716 |
| molecular characterization of cotton 14-3-3l gene preferentially expressed during fiber elongation. | the 14-3-3 protein, highly conserved in all eukaryotic cells, is an important regulatory protein. it plays an important role in the growth, amplification, apoptosis, signal transduction, and other crucial life activities of cells. a cdna encoding a putative 14-3-3 protein was isolated from cotton fiber cdna library. the cdna, designated as gh14-3-3l (gossypium hirsutum 14-3-3-like), is 1,029 bp in length (including a 762 bp long open reading frame and 5'-/3'-untranslated regions) and deduced a p ... | 2007 | 17469787 |
| microcolinearity and genome evolution in the adha region of diploid and polyploid cotton (gossypium). | genome sizes vary by several orders of magnitude, driven by mechanisms such as illegitimate recombination and transposable element proliferation. prior analysis of the cesa region in two cotton genomes that diverged 5-10 million years ago (ma), and acquired a twofold difference in genome size, revealed extensive local conservation of genic and intergenic regions, with no evidence of the global genome size difference. the present study extends the comparison to include bac sequences surrounding t ... | 2007 | 17461788 |
| integrative mapping of gossypium hirsutum l. by meiotic fluorescent in situ hybridization of a tandemly repetitive sequence (b77). | we determined the relative positions of the tandem-repeat molecular cytogenetic marker b77, translocation breakpoints, and telosome arms in gossypium hirsutum cytogenetic stocks by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) analysis of meiotic quadrivalents in 16 single and 2 double translocation heterozygotes and five monotelodisomics. results delimited the b77 fish locus to the right arm of the d-subgenome chromosome 14 (14r) and the short arm (14sh), respectively. by equating 14r with 14sh and ... | 2007 | 17409065 |
| computational identification of micrornas and their targets in gossypium hirsutum expressed sequence tags. | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of non-coding rnas that regulate gene post-transcriptional expression in animals and plants. comparatively genomic computational methods have been developed to predict new mirnas in worms, humans, and arabidopsis. here we present an est (expressed sequence tags)--and gss (genomic survey sequences)-based combined approach for the detection of novel mirnas in gossypium hirsutum. this was initiated by using previously known mirna sequences from arabidopsis, rice and o ... | 2007 | 17408884 |
| gene action and morphological characteristics of pink flower and pink filament mutants in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | | 2006 | 17406101 |
| the role of induced mutation in conversion of photoperiod dependence in cotton. | wild cotton germplasm resources are largely underutilized because of photoperiod-dependent flowering of "exotic" cottons. the objectives of this work were to explore the genome-wide effect of induced mutation in photoperiod-converted induced cotton mutants, estimating the genetic change between mutant and wild-type cottons using simple sequence repeats (ssrs) as well as understand the pattern of ssr mutation in induced mutagenesis. three groups of photoperiod-converted radiomutants ((32)p) inclu ... | 2007 | 17406024 |
| changes in homogalacturonans and enzymes degrading them during cotton cotyledon expansion. | changes in homogalacturonans (hgs) and enzymes degrading them have been investigated during cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cotyledon expansion. using an in vivo assay for pectin-degrading enzymes that involves fluorescent labeled oligomers of gala as substrate and capillary electrophoresis for product analysis, we found that endo- and exo-polygalacturonases are present in the cotyledon extracellular spaces, and there are dramatic changes in the levels of both activities as the cotyledons change ... | 2007 | 17395221 |
| effects of crop rotation, tillage, and fertilizer applications on sorghum head insects. | rotations, tillage, and fertilizer treatments can affect yield, costs, and profitability in sorghum, sorghum bicolor (l.) moench, depending on their effects on pests. rotation or planting different crops reduces soil erosion and pests that build up when a field is planted to the same crop each year. minimum tillage reduces the number of trips over a field, lessening soil compaction and reducing costs. we examined the effects of fertilizer, tillage, and rotation with cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. ... | 2007 | 17370814 |
| detection and identification of rhamnogalacturonan lyase activity in intercellular spaces of expanding cotton cotyledons. | rhamnogalacturonan lyase (rg lyase) activity has been detected and its relative activity measured in vivo during the expansion of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cotyledons. rhamnogalacturonan (rg) oligomers labeled with a fluorescent tag were injected into the intercellular spaces of cotton cotyledons and, after incubation, the digested substrate was rinsed out. enzyme digestion products were detected and identified by capillary zone electrophoresis. rhamnogalacturonan lyase products were identi ... | 2007 | 17346264 |
| a quantitative method for the determination of cyclopropenoid fatty acids in cottonseed, cottonseed meal, and cottonseed oil (gossypium hirsutum) by high-performance liquid chromatography. | cyclopropenoid fatty acids (cpfas), found in cottonseed, have been shown to have detrimental health effects to susceptible livestock. previous quantitative analytical methods for the determination of cpfas expressed these acids in terms of their relative abundance with respect to other fatty acids in the oil, necessitating the concurrent analysis of other fatty acids. the proposed analytical method describes the quantitation of three relevant cpfas for cotton (malvalic acid, sterculic acid, and ... | 2007 | 17323967 |
| transgenic cotton over-producing spinach sucrose phosphate synthase showed enhanced leaf sucrose synthesis and improved fiber quality under controlled environmental conditions. | prior data indicated that enhanced availability of sucrose, a major product of photosynthesis in source leaves and the carbon source for secondary wall cellulose synthesis in fiber sinks, might improve fiber quality under abiotic stress conditions. to test this hypothesis, a family of transgenic cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum cv. coker 312 elite) was produced that over-expressed spinach sucrose-phosphate synthase (sps) because of its role in regulation of sucrose synthesis in photosynthetic a ... | 2007 | 17287885 |