| characterization by dna restriction endonuclease analysis of listeria monocytogenes strains related to the swiss epidemic of listeriosis. | listeria monocytogenes strains responsible for outbreaks of listeriosis were studied by using serotyping and phage typing. an additional approach based on restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) of the chromosomal dna was used to characterize l. monocytogenes strains collected from various sources during and after a swiss outbreak of listeriosis (1983 to 1987). among the 169 wild-type strains of listeria spp. that were examined, 161 (95%) belonged to the species l. monocytogenes, of which 109 we ... | 1990 | 2172285 |
| characterization of a listeria monocytogenes-specific protein capable of inducing delayed hypersensitivity in listeria-immune mice. | recovery of the host after infection by the intracellular pathogen listeria monocytogenes is dependent on cell-mediated immunity. little is known of the nature of listerial antigens that induce cell-mediated responses in the infected host. in this study we report on the identification and cloning of an escherichia coli recombinant encoding a listerial antigen, designated imaa, capable of eliciting a specific delayed-type hypersensitivity response in listeria-immune mice. nucleotide sequencing of ... | 1990 | 2172692 |
| listeria monocytogenes osteomyelitis complicating leukemia: report and literature review of listeria osteoarticular infections. | a 43-year-old black man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with chemotherapy developed painful swelling of the 4th finger determined to be due to listeria monocytogenes osteomyelitis. he recovered with 6 weeks' treatment with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. osteoarticular infections due to listeria monocytogenes are reviewed. | 1990 | 2179548 |
| septic arthritis due to listeria monocytogenes: report and review of the literature. | septic arthritis due to listeria monocytogenes is an uncommon infection amenable to antibiotic therapy along with open or closed drainage. we report successful antibiotic treatment of a prosthetic joint infection in a man with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and present a review of the literature describing this specific infection. | 1990 | 2179549 |
| evaluation of the mast id and api 50ch systems for identification of listeria spp. | a multipoint inoculation technique (mast id) for the identification and species determination of listeria monocytogenes (sensu strictu) and six other species of the genus listeria was evaluated. this was compared with the commercially available api 50ch system. both methods successfully identified all 123 strains tested. the mast id system is inexpensive and utilizing a multipoint inoculation technique permits the screening of up to 21 isolates per 9-cm petri dish. the api 50ch system was more e ... | 1990 | 2180369 |
| serious pediatric infections. | third-generation cephalosporins are important additions to the range of antibiotics available for treating children with serious bacterial infections. they are highly active against the common pathogens, which cause bacterial meningitis in children. strains of haemophilus influenzae type b resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol, and streptococcus pneumoniae relatively resistant to penicillin remain susceptible to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone. escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, citr ... | 1990 | 2183605 |
| cefixime. | cefixime is a new orally active third-generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against a variety of both gram-positive and -negative bacteria including many beta-lactamase-producing strains of streptococci, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and the majority of the enterobacteriaceae. activity of cefixime against staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, listeria monocytogenes, and pseudomonas spp. is poor. the relatively long elimination half-life of cefixime (approximat ... | 1990 | 2188437 |
| protective effect of baker's yeast mannan against listeria monocytogenes and pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in mice. | the neutral mannan (wnm) and the acidic mannan (wam025) fractions from baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) were found to manifest significant protective effects against intraperitoneal and intravenous infections of listeria monocytogenes and pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice. a remarkable decrease in the number of microbial cells in spleen and liver was observed in mice inoculated with these microorganisms after administration of either mannan fraction. in order to clarify the mechanism of the ... | 1990 | 2189582 |
| [listeria--a challenge for diagnosis]. | the isolation of listeria spp. from polymicrobially contaminated materials from the environment of human beings is rather difficult. suppression of the concomitant bacterial flora requires selective growth conditions. different recipes have been reported to achieve this goal, whereby various antibiotics, among which cephalosporins and nalidixic acid, and dyes, such as acriflavin, have been proposed as supplements to suppress gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria. cycloheximide may help ... | 1990 | 2190914 |
| [in vitro antibacterial activity of ru 51746 (sodium salt of cefpodoxime). results of a multicenter study]. | cefpodoxime proxetil, a new oral cephalosporin, is the prodrug ester of cefpodoxime. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of ru 51746 (sodium salt of cefpodoxime: cpd) were evaluated by agar dilution for 1 696 bacterial strains isolated in 5 hospitals. for enterobacteriaceae, mic 50 and 90% were respectively (micrograms/ml): (1) naturally non bêtalactamase producing species: e. coli, shigella and salmonella 0.25-0.5; p. mirabilis 0.06-0.12. (ii) chromosomal penicillinase producing species: kl ... | 1990 | 2195445 |
| [a cerebral abscess due to listeria monocytogenes in a 15-month-old infant]. | we report a case of brain abscess due to listeria monocytogenes in an infant. we recall that listeriosis is infrequent in pediatric patients beyond the neonatal period, that most cases occur in immunocompromised hosts, and that clinical features are non-specific in neuromeningeal forms. management of brain abscesses is discussed. the role of the patient's general health condition seems to have a determinant influence on prognosis. | 1990 | 2195973 |
| incidence of listeriosis in connecticut. | in connecticut, 92 cases of human listeriosis were reported to the department of health services from 1984 to 1988. the annual incidence per million population ranged from 7.3 in 1984 to 4.2 in 1988. the average annual incidence was 5.6 per million population. case rates were highest in those aged 70 years and older (15.8 per million). cases included 12 pregnant women and 11 newborns. bacterial meningitis was the primary diagnosis in 23 cases. of the 49 isolates of listeria monocytogenes that we ... | 1990 | 2197060 |
| effect of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (pl:c) on experimental mouse salmonellosis. | the effect of the non-specific immunomodulator polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (pl:c) on the resistance to experimental salmonellosis was studied in the mouse. the polynucleotide was unexpectedly found to decrease the innate relative resistance of the mouse to this intracellular infection. pl:c (100 micrograms/mouse) injected 24 h before either intravenous (i.v.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) challenge resulted in an increased intracellular rate of growth of the salmonella in the liver, but did not ... | 1990 | 2199754 |
| protective effect of saikosaponin a, saikosaponin d and saikogenin d against pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in mice. | effects of saikosaponins and their genins on nonspecific resistance against pseudomonas aeruginosa and listeria monocytogenes infections were investigated. when mice were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) saikosaponins one day before i.p. infection with p. aeruginosa, saikosaponins a and d induced a marked enhancement of nonspecific resistance at a dose of 10 micrograms/mouse. also, saikogenin d, a secondary metabolite of saikosaponin d, showed an enhancing effect. the most effective conditi ... | 1990 | 2210914 |
| surface morphology and morphometry of rat alveolar macrophages after ozone exposure. | as the ultrastructural data on the effects of ozone on pulmonary alveolar macrophages (pam) are lacking, transmission (tem) and scanning (sem) electron microscopy were performed on rat pam present in alveolar lavages following exposure to ozone. rats were continuously exposed for 7 d to ozone concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1.50 mg/m3 for 7 d followed by a 5-d recovery period. additionally, morphometry on lung sections was performed to quantitate pam. in a second experiment rats were continu ... | 1990 | 2213922 |
| [perinatal listeriosis--a case report]. | listeria monocytogenes, an uncommon perinatal infection in human, has been reported to be correlated with abortion, premature labor, intrauterine fetal sepsis, intrauterine fetal death and neonatal infections. reported here was the first case of perinatal listeriosis complicated with listeria monocytogenes chorioamnionitis at 33 weeks' gestation in taiwan. the transabdominal amniocentesis in this particular case confirmed the diagnosis. an live premature male fetus was delivered by emergency ces ... | 1990 | 2224608 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522. | the activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 was compared to that of six other beta-lactam agents. bay v 3522 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, compared to mics of greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml for the other cephalosporins tested. it was more active against streptococcus pyogenes (mic less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml) than cefuroxime, cefixime, cephalexin and cefaclor. groups ... | 1990 | 2226499 |
| listerial myocarditis in cardiac transplantation. | clinical signs of heart failure developed in two cardiac transplant recipients and were interpreted initially as graft rejection. morphologic examination of explanted hearts revealed myocarditis with abscess formation and necrosis consistent with a bacterial process; listeria monocytogenes was isolated from myocardial tissue in the first case and from blood in both. the first patient also developed signs of meningoencephalitis, but the second had no signs of infection outside the heart. antimicr ... | 1990 | 2237124 |
| alveolysin, the thiol-activated toxin of bacillus alvei, is homologous to listeriolysin o, perfringolysin o, pneumolysin, and streptolysin o and contains a single cysteine. | the gene coding for alveolysin, the thiol-activated toxin produced by bacillus alvei, has been cloned by means of an oligonucleotide based on the known n-terminal sequence of the secreted protein. the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene has been determined. the deduced amino acid sequence of alveolysin shows that alveolysin shares homologies with listeriolysin o, perfringolysin o, pneumolysin, and streptolysin o. alveolysin, like the other members of the family, contains a single cysteine i ... | 1990 | 2254290 |
| detection of the aerolysin gene in aeromonas hydrophila by the polymerase chain reaction. | synthetic oligonucleotide primers were used in a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique to detect the gene for aerolysin in strains of aeromonas hydrophila and to screen for identical genes in a. caviae, a. sobria, and a. veronii isolated from patients with diarrheal disease. primers targeted a 209-bp fragment of the aer gene coding for the beta-hemolysin and detected template dna only in the pcr using nucleic acid (na) from hemolytic strains of a. hydrophila which were also cytotoxic to vero ... | 1990 | 2254423 |
| relationship between intestinal microecology and the translocation of intestinal bacteria. | it is now well known that endogenous bacteria can translocate from the intestinal tract and cause many of the complicating infections seen in severely ill, hospitalized patients. of the hundreds of bacterial species in the intestinal tract, relatively few aerobic/facultative species appear to translocate with any frequency. van der waaij and colleagues (1971, 1972a, 1972b) originally proposed that, by a process termed 'colonization resistance', strictly anaerobic bacteria prevented the intestina ... | 1990 | 2264727 |
| augmentation of host defense against bacterial infection pretreated intraperitoneally with an alpha-glucan rbs in mice. | protection against listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli in mice was enhanced by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of polysaccharide "rbs". peritoneal macrophages from mice administered i.p. with 30 mg/kg doses of rbs 4 days earlier exhibited increased scavenger functions as assessed by in vivo phagocytosis, in vitro intracellular killing and generation of superoxide anion. when cytokine production of the macrophages was assessed by biological assay and northern blotting analysis, i ... | 1990 | 2266231 |
| anti-bacterial activity of peritoneal cells from transgenic mice producing high levels of gm-csf. | two lines of transgenic mice carrying the gene for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) produce vastly increased numbers of macrophages with abundant foamy cytoplasm resembling classical activated macrophages. cells from both lines were negative for myeloperoxidase, a bactericidal enzyme found in monocytes as well as neutrophils, but not mature macrophages. cells from the so called 'male line' produced greatly increased levels of oxygen degradation products in response to ph ... | 1990 | 2269477 |
| revision of the validity of camp tests for listeria identification. proposal of an alternative method for the determination of haemolytic activity by listeria strains. | the validity of camp tests with staphylococcus aureus and rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi as defined for listeria identification was revised. this characterization method appeared to be unreliable for two reasons: first, a positive camp test with r. equi is not specific for listeria ivanovii as listeria monocytogenes (and listeria seeligeri) give also a clear positive reaction; second, doubtful reactions could be observed with s. aureus when assaying haemolytic and non-haemolytic listeria str ... | 1990 | 2270739 |
| enhancement of natural resistance of mice to rhodococcus equi infection by dextran sulfate 500. | the effect of intraperitoneal injection of dextran sulfate 500 (ds-500, 500,000 mr) on the intravenous clearance and host resistance to rhodococcus equi in mice was studied. contrary to the results seen with listeria monocytogenes, ds-500 enhanced murine resistance to r. equi and altered organ distribution and clearance. | 1990 | 2280727 |
| [a historical birth tragedy. neonatal infections still of interest today as they were 300 years ago]. | neonatal bacterial infections are still important causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity, as they were 300 years ago. queen anne (1655-1714) underwent 18 pregnancies without producing any successors, probably because the children died of perinatal infection. some women are unable to produce a specific igg-antibody against group b streptococcus (gbs). they may have normal igm production and are thereby self-protected, while their infants risk developing neonatal gbs septicaemia. listeria mon ... | 1990 | 2281448 |
| persistent corneal defect caused by listeria monocytogenes. | | 1990 | 2297040 |
| listeria monocytogenes meningitis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient undergoing hemodialysis. | listeria monocytogenes bacteremia without meningitis has been reported in patients who have undergone long-term hemodialysis and have transfusional iron overload. on the other hand, cases of listeria bacteremia without meningitis have occurred sporadically among the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome population, mostly homosexuals. there have been no reports of listeria meningitis occurring among persons who are antibody positive to human immunodeficiency virus or are intravenous drug abusers ha ... | 1990 | 2298586 |
| secondary bacterial peritonitis due to listeria monocytogenes after paracentesis. | although it is a relatively rare cause of peritonitis, listeria monocytogenes must be considered in cirrhotic patients with ascites and a suggestive clinical presentation. we believe this is the first report of a case of peritonitis due to l monocytogenes in a patient without sepsis, and the sixth reported case of bacterial peritonitis in a patient with cirrhosis. | 1990 | 2305304 |
| human rtnf alpha augments anti-bacterial resistance in mice: potentiation of its effects by recombinant human ril-1 alpha. | treatment with human recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha (rtnf alpha) significantly enhanced resistance to listeria monocytogenes infection in mice. the level of protection (which was dose-dependent and maximal at approximately 1.0 microgram per mouse) was similar to that previously reported for the monokine ril-1 alpha, although somewhat greater amounts of rtnf alpha than ril-1 alpha were required. combined administration of suboptimal concentrations of rtnf alpha and ril-1 alpha resulted ... | 1990 | 2307486 |
| listeria monocytogenes keratitis. | we treated a farmer who had listeria monocytogenes bacterial keratitis. therapy with topical antibiotics was unsuccessful; it was necessary to treat the patient with topical and systemic penicillin and gentamicin. to elucidate the pathogenesis of this infection, we developed a rabbit model. using the patient's strain of l. monocytogenes, we determined that the severity of the rabbit infection was dose-related. if we used an inoculum of more than 10(7) organisms, many of the features of the human ... | 1990 | 2309867 |
| listeria monocytogenes infection in a prosthetic knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. | the prosthetic knee joint of a 64 year old woman with severe rheumatoid arthritis was found to be infected with listeria monocytogenes. after treatment with intravenous antibiotics, symptoms gradually resolved. she subsequently received prolonged treatment with oral co-trimoxazole and 18 months later remained well. | 1990 | 2310230 |
| il-1 beta is secreted by activated murine macrophages as biologically inactive precursor. | il-1 alpha and il-beta are distinct cytokines, produced by activated macrophages. the temporal sequence in the processing and secretion as well as the mechanism(s) by which il-1 is secreted from the cells remain undefined. here we have studied the production of il-1 from murine macrophages after stimulation with lps or listeria monocytogenes by two distinct methods: i) immunoprecipitation of radio-labeled il-1 peptides from culture supernatants, and ii) determination of il-1 activity by neutrali ... | 1990 | 2313092 |
| prevention of fatal infections by recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha in normal and anticancer drug-treated mice. | the preventive capability of interleukin 1 alpha (il-1) against bacterial infections was estimated in normal and anticancer drug-treated balb/c mice in comparison with ok432, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interferons alpha and gamma, and interleukin 2. pretreatment with il-1 (days -4 and -2) resulted in a significantly higher survival rate in normal mice inoculated i.p. with klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa or listeria monocytogenes (day 0). the i.p. and s.c. administration ... | 1990 | 2317799 |
| the incidence of listeria spp. in soft cheeses, butter and raw milk in the province of bologna. | samples of soft cheese, butter and raw milk were examined for listeria species. listeria monocytogenes (serotype 1, haemolytic and virulent for mice) and l. innocua (the only other listeria sp. isolated) were each found in 2/21 (1.6%) of soft cheese samples. five per cent of butter samples were contaminated with l. innocua. no listeria spp. were detected in 40 raw milk samples. the results were compared with similar studies in italy and abroad. | 1990 | 2318744 |
| [mitro-aortic endocarditis caused by listeria monocytogenes]. | a case of listeria monocytogenes valvular endocarditis is reported. this patient required mitral and aortic valve replacement by björk-shiley mechanical prostheses. patient clinical condition was progressively deteriorated, affecting the left ventricular function, increasing the size of vegetations and the presence of aortic annular abscess. this case represents the 48th reported in the literature and the third in our country. we here comment about the clinical aspects and the treatment of this ... | 1990 | 2326532 |
| in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, a dual-action cephalosporin, compared with activities of other antibiotics. | the in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, which is desacetyl-cefotaxime linked to fleroxacin, was compared with the activities of cefotaxime, desacetyl-cefotaxime, fleroxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. it inhibited the majority of members of the family enterobacteriaceae, except for some serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and enterobacter cloacae strains, at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml and had an mic for 90% of strains tested (mic90) of 8 micrograms/ml against pseudomonas aeru ... | 1990 | 2327765 |
| in vitro evaluation of win 57273, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone. | win 57273 is a new fluoroquinolone that has an expanded spectrum of activity against staphylococcus spp. (mic for 90% of isolates [mic90], 0.008 microgram/ml), enterococcus faecalis (mic90, 0.06 microgram/ml), bacillus spp. (mic90, 0.03 micrograms/ml), listeria monocytogenes (mic90, 0.06 microgram/ml), streptococcus spp. (mic90, 0.03 microgram/ml), and bacteroides fragilis group strains (mic90, 0.5 microgram/ml). like other fluoroquinolone compounds, win 57273 was active against members of the f ... | 1990 | 2327779 |
| endogenous listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis presenting as keratouveitis. | we report a case of listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis that presented as a recalcitrant keratouveitis in a nonimmunocompromized patient. l. monocytogenes was recovered from the patient's aqueous, vitreous, and two of three blood cultures. he was treated with topical, subconjunctival, and systemic antibiotics, but the visual outcome was poor, possibly because of late diagnosis. a review of previous cases of l. monocytogenes endophthalmitis demonstrates unique features of this infection: (a) p ... | 1990 | 2328585 |
| [three cases of meningitis due to listeria monocytogenes type ib]. | three infants having listeria monocytogenes meningitis were admitted to our hospital in the last ten years. they were a nineteen-month-old boy, a two-year-old girl and a five-year-old girl. they were all healthy infants. the two female patients survived, while the male patient died. at autopsy, arachnoid turbid, swollen brain substance and slight bleeding under the cerebellar tent were observed. judging from the minimal inhibitory concentration of antibiotics against the isolated l. monocytogene ... | 1990 | 2338509 |
| human listeriosis in denmark 1981-1987 including an outbreak november 1985-march 1987. | clinical manifestations, predisposing factors and outcome of listeriosis in denmark during the period 1981-1987 are described. an increased incidence of the disease during the period november 1985-march 1987 was due mainly to 35 patients infected with strains of listeria monocytogenes indistinguishable by phage-typing. these patients were younger, previously healthier and had a better prognosis. also, there were more cases in pregnant women and neonates than in other persons. a strong correlatio ... | 1990 | 2341735 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of a new quinolone, win 57273, possessing potent activity against gram-positive bacteria. | the antibacterial activity of a new 7-dimethylpyridinyl quinolone, win 57273, was assessed by using in vitro and in vivo models. agar inclusion and broth dilution in vitro tests revealed broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and selected gram-negative organisms, with the greatest potency observed against the staphylococci. the mic for 90% of coagulase-positive strains tested (mic90) was less than or equal to 0.002 micrograms/ml; for the coagulase-negative strains the mic90 was 0.008 micr ... | 1990 | 2344163 |
| effects of stimulated or immunologically activated macrophages on the induction of immune responses to listeria monocytogenes. | the influences of peritoneal macrophages induced by proteose peptone, corynebacterium parvum (c. parvum) or bacillus calmette guérin (bcg) on the initiation and development of immune responses and protection against listeria monocytogenes infection were studied in mice. mice treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with proteose peptone 4 days previously showed much the same level of protection against an intraperitoneal infection with listeria as untreated mice. mice treated i.p. with c. parvum 4 days ... | 1990 | 2345013 |
| comparative activity of human and murine tumor necrosis factor in toxicity and anti-infectious assays in mice. | in comparative experiments, the lethal effect of rhutnf or rmutnf was evaluated in animals sensitized by adrenalectomy or galactosamine treatment. no clear-cut difference was observed in the effective dose irrespective of the origin of the tnf preparation in swiss or in c3h/hej mice. the latter mouse substrain known to be a low responder to lps was used in the assays to evaluate the influence of lps contamination in tnf-induced responses. like lps, tnf was shown to induce abortion in pregnant mi ... | 1990 | 2348779 |
| bacterial meningitis in the newborn: a kuwaiti experience. | forty-five neonates with bacterial meningitis admitted to a regional hospital in kuwait over a 5-year period are reported. the attack rate was 6.7/10,000 live births. listeria monocytogenes was the most common bacteria isolated (31 per cent), followed by streptococcus agalactiae (15 per cent), and escherichia coli (11 per cent). gram negative pathogens constituted 38 per cent of the total. ten patients died (22 per cent) and 10 (28 per cent of the survivors) developed severe neurological sequela ... | 1990 | 2355406 |
| listeria monocytogenes--an unusual cause of late infection in a prosthetic hip joint. | as the scope of patients having arthroplasty with compromised immune systems expands, the incidence of late prosthetic infections will increase and the variety of infecting organisms will broaden. the role of prophylactic antibiotics for such patients undergoing procedures known to cause a transient bacteremia is currently unknown. their use is not universal and many patients undergo procedures frequently without any form of protection. the following case report outlines an unusual organism caus ... | 1990 | 2359085 |
| complications of corticosteroid therapy in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | we retrospectively studied the acute toxicity of corticosteroid therapy in 23 episodes of pcp occurring in the setting of aids and determined the incidence of hiv-related complications following these and 16 other contemporaneous episodes of aids-related pcp treated with antimicrobials alone. the mean duration of corticosteroid therapy was 5.4 days and the mean total dose was 660 mg of methylprednisolone. cryptococcus neoformans and listeria monocytogenes infection each occurred once within one ... | 1990 | 2361410 |
| opportunistic listeria pericardial effusion. | a case is described of pericardial effusion due to listeria monocytogenes infection in a woman with advanced carcinoma of the cervix, rheumatoid arthritis and on corticosteroid therapy. focal infection with listeria in immunocompromised adults has a high mortality unless promptly diagnosed. the correct diagnosis may have been made if an unexplained pericardial effusion had been tapped. | 1990 | 2362887 |
| listeria monocytogenes peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) | | 1990 | 2362899 |
| in vivo il-1 potentiates both specific and non-specific arms of immune response to infection. | injection of 10(5) u interleukin-1 (il-1) 4 hr before intravenous infection with listeria monocytogenes hastens recovery of mice. this is accompanied not only by early stimulation of colony-forming cells in the spleen to levels higher than those in untreated, infected mice but also by accelerated activation of lymphokine-producing, specific t lymphocytes. | 1990 | 2379944 |
| [spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by listeria monocytogenes]. | | 1990 | 2390361 |
| in-home pasteurization of raw goat's milk by microwave treatment. | raw milk has been implicated as an important source of infection with the common bacterial agents associated with gastroenteritis. while established methods of home pasteurization can be cumbersome and tedious, we have demonstrated that a domestic microwave oven can be used effectively to reduce aerobic plate counts in raw goat's milk by up to 6 log cycles without impairing the organoleptic quality. good keeping quality of the irradiated product was demonstrated by the 7-day holding standard pla ... | 1990 | 2397150 |
| plasmid-associated bacteriocin production by a strain of carnobacterium piscicola from meat. | carnobacterium piscicola lv17 isolated from vacuum-packed meat produces bacteriocin(s) that is active against closely related lactic acid bacteria, enterococcus spp., and a strain of listeria monocytogenes but not against gram-negative bacteria. the bacteriocin has a bactericidal mode of action, is heat resistant, and is stable over a wide range of ph but is inactivated by proteolytic enzymes. sensitive and resistant cells were shown to adsorb the bacteriocin, but cell death depended on contact ... | 1990 | 2403256 |
| induction of antigen-specific immunity and tolerance to mycobacterium leprae in lewis rats. | intradermal (i.d.) immunization of lewis rats with autoclaved mycobacterium leprae resulted in antigen-specific proliferation responses and interleukin-2 release from spleen and lymph node cells that were detectable as early as 21 days, persisted for at least 9 months, and were dependent on the dose of antigen administered. immunized animals were also completely resistant to a footpad challenge with viable m. leprae. in contrast, intravenous (i.v.) administration of at least 10(8) irradiated m. ... | 1990 | 2404873 |
| influence of hydroxyethyl starch on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice. | the immunotoxicity of hydroxyethyl starch (hes), a reagent used in leukocytapheresis or as a plasma expander, was assessed. hes did not significantly alter host resistance to listeria monocytogenes or streptococcus pneumoniae. hes (4-32 ml/kg), as well as a physiological saline solution (32 ml/kg), did inhibit the in vitro lymphoproliferation of spleen cells from mice intravenously injected 1 hour prior to removal of the spleens; the proliferation induced by a t-cell and b-cell mitogen was suppr ... | 1985 | 2408361 |
| modifications of host defence mechanisms by an acute non-immunological inflammatory reaction. | mice developing an acute non-immunological inflammatory reaction were examined for modification of specific and non-specific defence mechanisms on the basis of previous observations that these animals displayed an increased resistance to bacterial and parasitic infections but an impaired resistance to neoplasia. local acute inflammation was induced by injection into the pleural cavity of a non-antigenic, endotoxin-free irritant--calcium pyrophosphate microcrystals or low-molecular-weight dextran ... | 1985 | 2408650 |
| killed listeria-induced suppressor t cells involved in suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity and protection against listeria infection. | pretreatment of mice by intravenous injection with killed listeria provided neither delayed-type hypersensitivity to listeria protoplasm nor protection against listeria infection. assuming that this suppression is due to suppressor cells, we attempted to clarify their induction and characterization. pretreatment with killed bcg instead of killed listeria suppressed the induction of dth and protection in subsequent listeria-immunized mice. conversely, pretreatment with killed listeria suppressed ... | 1985 | 2410356 |
| increased local complement levels upon intraperitoneal injection of mice with listeria monocytogenes and regulation by polyanions. | alternative complement pathway activity in mouse peritoneal fluid was determined by a sensitive microtiter assay with rabbit erythrocytes as target cells and cobra venom factor as the inducer of bystander hemolysis. the intra- and interstrain variations in five mouse strains were 30% and, maximally, 64%, respectively. no activity was detected in genetically c5-deficient mice. in c5-sufficient mice, intraperitoneal injection of heat-inactivated listeria monocytogenes resulted in a 250% increase i ... | 1985 | 2411663 |
| rnase-sensitive and rnase-insensitive protective components isolated from listeria monocytogenes. | crude ribosomes were isolated from listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b and separated into two fractions by molecular sieve chromatography. chemical analysis indicated that fraction i contained cell envelope components while fraction ii contained the ribosomes. both fractions protected mice against listeria, but only in combination with the adjuvant dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (dda). rnase-treatment, but not proteinase k-treatment destroyed the protective properties of fraction ii, and rna ... | 1985 | 2412492 |
| antigen recognition by effector t cells in antileishmanial defense. | we have observed that t cells (ly1+2-) from draining lymph nodes of mice that have footpad infections with leishmania major activate macrophages for antileishmanial effects in vitro in an apparently contact-dependent, noncytotoxic manner. the nature of antigenic specificity in this system was investigated. whereas lymphocytes sensitized to l. major induced antileishmanial effects in macrophages infected with l. major, lymphocytes sensitized to listeria monocytogenes were ineffective. when macrop ... | 1985 | 2413143 |
| t cell clones and their products: experimental clues for the immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy of intracellular bacterial infections? | in this paper experimental models utilizing murine t cell clones specific for the intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes are described and some matters of possible relevance to the development of novel immunological strategies against intracellular bacterial infections discussed. improved vaccines against intracellular bacteria should be selected for their expression of a maximum amount of immunoprotective epitopes and their lack of immunosuppressive epitopes. analysis of these epitopes ... | 1985 | 2414224 |
| antibacterial resistance, macrophage influx, and activation induced by bacterial rrna with dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide. | intraperitoneally injected rrna from pseudomonas aeruginosa combined with dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (dda) increased nonspecifically the resistance of mice against an intraperitoneal challenge with extracellular (p. aeruginosa, escherichia coli) and intracellular (listeria monocytogenes) bacteria. this study concerns the mechanism underlying the nonspecific resistance. rna with dda (rna-dda) induced a cell influx and activated peritoneal macrophages (m phi) as judged by the decreased 5' ... | 1985 | 2415454 |
| antimicrobial activity of various immunomodulators: independence from normal levels of circulating monocytes and natural killer cells. | the effects of 89sr treatment on the natural host resistance of cd-1 mice and the enhancement of resistance by immunomodulators to infection with listeria monocytogenes or herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) were determined. in the cd-1 mouse, single-dose treatment with 89sr caused a profound decrease in the number of circulating monocytes (mo), lymphocytes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) within 1 week. there was also marked functional impairment of the mo inflammatory response, as well ... | 1986 | 2416693 |
| listeria monocytogenes infection in biozzi mouse lines with high or low antibody responses, or with high (hi/pha) or low (lo/pha) responses to phytohemagglutinin. | dependent and independent variables influencing natural and acquired resistance to listeria monocytogenes in biozzi mouse lines, genetically selected for their antibody responses, were analyzed. variations in interline (il) difference were shown to depend upon the inoculum dose, age, and sex of the mice used. further, when il differences were measured using the growth curves of l. monocytogenes, it appeared that ll mice were more resistant than hl mice, while the opposite was observed when il di ... | 1985 | 2424619 |
| dissociation between enhanced resistance and delayed hypersensitivity induced with subcellular preparations from listeria monocytogenes and the adjuvant dimethyl-dioctadecyl-ammonium bromide. | in this study we investigated the relation between enhanced resistance and delayed hypersensitivity (dh) induced with subcellular preparations from listeria monocytogenes and the adjuvant dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (dda). ribosomal rna as well as cell envelope fragments (fraction i) protected mice against lethal listeria infection. however, only fraction i induced dh against killed listeria. for the induction of protection with fraction i or rna as well as for the induction of dh with f ... | 1986 | 2425734 |
| localization of antigen-specific lymphocytes following lymph node challenge. | the effect of subcutaneous injections of brucella abortus strain 19 antigen on the specific localization of autologous lymphocytes in the regional nodes of calves was analysed by fluorescent labelling and flow cytometry. both in vitro and in vivo fitc labelling of lymphocytes indicated the preferential migration of lymphocytes from a previously challenged lymph node to a recently challenged lymph node. however, lymphocytes from a lymph node challenged with b. abortus failed to localize preferent ... | 1986 | 2426183 |
| [effect of lipid fractions isolated from listeria monocytogenes on rna and protein biosynthesis in the liver and spleen of rats]. | | 1986 | 2431599 |
| induction of an atypical interferon by bacteroides fragilis and escherichia coli in experimental infections and in leukocyte cultures. | previous reports have shown that bacteroides fragilis may enhance the pathogenicity of coinfecting enterobacteriaceae by interfering with the host's immune response. with the present study, we have investigated the possible role of interferons (ifn) in mediating these effects. mice injected with b. fragilis developed moderate serum levels of ifn that appeared just prior to alterations of the animals' immunity described earlier. the ifn was neutralized by treatment with anti-ifn-alpha/beta-antibo ... | 1986 | 2434431 |
| mechanism of recovery from acute virus infection. iv. questionable role of mononuclear phagocytes in the clearance of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus from spleens of mice. | after intravenous infection of mice with 10(3) infectious units (iu) the we strain lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus multiplied in the spleens (as in all other major organs), reaching more than 10(8) iu/g of tissue on days 4 to 5. subsequently, the virus was quickly eliminated, being below detectability usually by day 10. during the time of virus clearance, the mononuclear phagocytes (mnp) of the spleen were activated as revealed by suppression of growth of listeria monocytogenes and incr ... | 1987 | 2435795 |
| antigen-specific augmentation factor involved in murine delayed-type footpad reaction. ii. augmentation of delayed-type footpad reaction and acquired resistance to listeria monocytogenes by transfer of listeria-immune serum. | we previously found an antigen-specific factor capable of augmenting delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) in the culture supernatant of the mixture of immune spleen cells and erythrocyte antigen, or in the serum of mice immunized with heterologous erythrocytes and exhibiting delayed-type footpad reaction. to elucidate whether this kind of factor (dth-augmentation factor; daf) participates in the establishment of dth to various kinds of antigen besides erythrocyte antigen, we chose a bacterial ant ... | 1987 | 2443824 |
| induction by killed listeria monocytogenes of effector t cells mediating delayed-type hypersensitivity but not protection in mice. | using a local passive transfer system, we found that effector t cells mediating delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) but not acquired cellular resistance (acr) to listeria monocytogenes (strain egd) were generated in mice immunized with killed listeria, although immunized mice did not express dth or acr. when non-adherent cells of peritoneal, lymph node, or spleen cells from mice immunized with killed listeria were transferred into the footpad of naive recipient mice along with eliciting antigen, ... | 1987 | 2445666 |
| depression of murine hepatic mixed function oxidase during infection with listeria monocytogenes. | the level of cytochrome p-450 and the oxidation of aminopyrine and benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase were depressed in hepatic microsomes prepared from mice infected with the gram positive bacteria listeria monocytogenes. maximum depression of mixed function oxidase occurred on the 2nd day of infection. this loss in drug biotransformation capacity in the liver was correlated directly with the number of organisms found in that organ. the ability of mice to metabolize drugs in vivo also was impaired duri ... | 1987 | 2447264 |
| effects of murine recombinant interleukin 1 alpha on the host response to bacterial infection. | the effects of exogenously administered ril-1 alpha on elimination of viable listeriae from the liver and spleen during the course of a primary listeria monocytogenes infection was studied. similar numbers of l. monocytogenes were recovered from ril-1 alpha-treated and control mice at up to 24 h after infection; however, by 48 h after infection more than 1 log10 fewer viable l. monocytogenes were recovered from the spleens of ril-1 alpha-treated mice than from listeria-infected controls. the dif ... | 1988 | 2448381 |
| comparison of four hemolysin-producing organisms (escherichia coli, serratia marcescens, aeromonas hydrophila, and listeria monocytogenes) for release of inflammatory mediators from various cells. | we investigated the role of various hemolysin-producing strains (escherichia coli, serratia marcescens, aeromonas hydrophila, and listeria monocytogenes) in induction of inflammatory mediators, e.g., histamine release from rat mast cells as well as the chemiluminescence response and the release of lipoxygenase transformation products from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. our data show that the hemolysin-positive bacteria as well as the hemolysin-positive culture supernatants were active in i ... | 1988 | 2451679 |
| modulation of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) expression by interferons and microbial agents. independent regulation of mhc class ii expression and induction of tumoricidal activity in bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes. | in a pure population of rat bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes (bmm phi), the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) molecules and ability to manifest tumoricidal activity were simultaneously studied. resting bmm phi, which express low levels of mhc class ii molecules and do not manifest tumoricidal activity, become strongly mhc class ii-positive, and evolve tumoricidal activity within 24 h when incubated with macrophage-activating lymphokines (maf) or gamma interferon (ifn ... | 1988 | 2456605 |
| the place of listeria among gram-positive bacteria. | the genus listeria, containing the species listeria monocytogenes, listeria innocua, listeria seeligeri, listeria welshimeri, listeria ivanovii, listeria grayi and listeria murrayi is a well circumscribed taxon. numerical taxonomic and chemical studies indicate a very close phenetic similarity to the genus brochothrix and a more distant, but close, similarity to a number of other genera such as lactobacillus, streptococcus, lactococcus, enterococcus, staphylococcus, kurthia and bacillus. recent ... | 1988 | 2458321 |
| taxonomy of the genus listeria. | according to dna homology values as well as to 16s rrna cataloguing results, the genus listeria presently contains two groups of closely related species: one is constitued by listeria gravi and listeria murrayi, the other by listeria monocytogenes, listeria ivanovii, listeria innocua, listeria welshimeri, and listeria seeligeri. among these seven species, only two are pathogenic for humans and animals: listeria monocytogenes and listeria ivanovii. listeria denitrificans was recently excluded fro ... | 1988 | 2458322 |
| cloned l3t4+ t lymphocytes protect mice against listeria monocytogenes by secreting ifn-gamma. | murine t lymphocyte clones sensitized to listeria monocytogenes were developed to investigate specific mechanisms of t cell-mediated immunity. the clones were of the thy-1.2+, l3t4+, lyt-2- phenotype and proliferated in a dose response fashion to heat-killed listeria. cloned t lymphocytes injected intravenously protected nonimmune mice against l. monocytogenes challenge as determined by spleen and liver bacterial numbers. supernatants, produced by stimulating clones with heat-killed listeria for ... | 1988 | 2459247 |
| induction of antigen-specific suppression by circulating cryptococcus neoformans antigen. | immunoaffinity chromatography of sera from mice infected with cryptococcus neoformans (inf-ms) on a column with rabbit anti-cryptococcal antibody as the ligand resulted in the adsorption of the component(s) that induce suppression of the cryptococcal delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) response. in contrast, immunoaffinity chromatography of inf-ms on columns coupled with cryptococcal antigen or goat anti-mouse igm, igg, and iga did not adsorb the suppressive component(s). quantification of crypt ... | 1988 | 2460273 |
| [interferon production and natural killer activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from patients with multiple sclerosis]. | interferon (ifn) -system of patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) during the stable stage of the disease activity was investigated. thirty six patients were divided into 3 groups of mild, moderate and severe patients according to the scores of disability status scale (dss). ifn-alpha producibility and natural killer (nk) activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) or large granular lymphocytes (lgl) fractionated from pbl were determined by culturing with hela cells persistently infected with ... | 1988 | 2464533 |
| neonatal host defense mechanisms against listeria monocytogenes infection: the role of lipopolysaccharides and interferons. | the human newborn infant is susceptible to lethal infection caused by a number of bacterial species including listeria monocytogenes, a gram-positive rod which is pathogenic by virtue of its ability to survive intracellularly. in adult animals interferon (ifn)-alpha/beta and ifn-gamma or agents that induce or augment ifn production confer protection against lethal l. monocytogenes infection. regulation and production of ifn is poorly understood during the neonatal period. we therefore evaluated ... | 1989 | 2468128 |
| [current problems in the microbiological control of food]. | the paper deals with a number of aspects of current interest and significance on the subject of the microbiological testing of food with particular reference to the role of research institutes. the main objectives of microbiological testing of food are essentially two: (i) to establish the absence of a human health hazard due to microbial contamination of food (food safety); and (ii) to define the quality standard of food (food quality). as far as the first of these objectives is concerned, the ... | 1989 | 2483651 |
| a new colorimetric nucleic acid hybridization assay for listeria in foods. | non-isotopic colorimetric detection has been applied in a rapid nucleic acid dipstick hybridization assay for detection of listeria spp. in food and environmental samples. the assay takes approximately 2.5-3 h following a two day broth and plate enrichment. hybridization occurs between fluorescein labeled detector probes, poly(deoxyadenosine)-tailed capture probes, and listeria-specific regions of 16 s ribosomal rna. these target:probe complexes are captured on poly(deoxythymidine) coated plasti ... | 1989 | 2484438 |
| listeria monocytogenes peritonitis complicating capd. | | 1989 | 2488395 |
| [spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by listeria monocytogenes]. | | 1989 | 2490452 |
| [empyema caused by listeria monocytogenes secondary to esophago- pleural fistula in an immunocompetent patient]. | | 1989 | 2490456 |
| synthesis of listeriolysin in listeria monocytogenes under heat shock conditions. | listeriolysin, produced by all virulent listeria monocytogenes isolates, is an essential virulence factor which appears to be necessary for the intracellular survival of these bacteria. it has been postulated that the intracellular environment imposes stress conditions similar to heat shock on invading bacteria. we show here that listeriolysin was still very efficiently synthesized in one listeria monocytogenes strain even intracellularly and induced under heat shock conditions in another l. mon ... | 1989 | 2491839 |
| identification of an extracellular protein of listeria monocytogenes possibly involved in intracellular uptake by mammalian cells. | mutants of listeria monocytogenes were recently isolated which are impaired in the synthesis of a major extracellular protein (p60). as shown in this investigation, the p60 mutants have lost the capability of invading nonprofessional phagocytic 3t6 mouse fibroblast cells. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of supernatant proteins of these mutants indicated that no other extracellular protein was altered in these mutants. the p60 mutants formed long cell chains which disagg ... | 1989 | 2491841 |
| listeria monocytogenes infections of prosthetic joints. | | 1989 | 2491878 |
| bronchoalveolar macrophages from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are unable to kill facultative intracellular bacteria. | the accumulation of inflammatory and immune effector cells in the lungs of patients at early stages of interstitial lung disease has been well documented, but little is known about the functional activity of these cells, particularly alveolar macrophages. the purpose of the experiments described here was to determine whether alveolar macrophages from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ipf) differed from alveolar macrophages of normal subjects using a model system that assesses a compon ... | 1989 | 2492173 |
| separate and combined effects of recombinant interleukin-1 alpha and gamma interferon on antibacterial resistance. | our laboratory has previously reported that administration of murine recombinant interleukin 1 alpha (ril-1 alpha) substantially enhanced the resistance of mice to listeria monocytogenes infection. other investigators have reported that gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) plays a pivotal role in antilisteria resistance. in the present study, we have defined doses of human ril-1 alpha that enhanced the antilisteria resistance of mice. we then addressed the possibility that combined immunotherapy with ri ... | 1989 | 2492263 |
| fsis to expand listeria testing. | | 1989 | 2492491 |
| enumeration of single ifn-gamma-producing cells in mice during viral and bacterial infection. | a solid phase immunoenzymatic technique was employed for detecting single ifn-gamma-producing cells (ifn-gamma pc) in the mouse. after infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or listeria monocytogenes, the numbers of ifn-gamma pc in spleens began to rise on day 4, attained maxima on days 7 and 8, and declined thereafter. negative selection in vitro by use of mab and c allowed phenotypic identification of the producer cells; most, if not all, carried thy-1, and approximately one half ex ... | 1989 | 2492578 |
| leads from the mmwr. update--listeriosis and pasteurized milk. | | 1989 | 2492612 |
| listeriosis. | | 1989 | 2492614 |
| macrophage activation-associated proteins. characterization of stimuli and conditions needed for expression of proteins 47b, 71/73, and 120. | the expression of cellular proteins was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis during and after exposure of mouse macrophages to either mouse rifn-gamma or natural muifn-beta sufficient to prime macrophages for tumor cell killing. the reversible inhibitor of protein synthesis, cycloheximide (cy), was included in some experiments during exposure to ifn. while it was present, cy suppressed protein synthesis by greater than 90%, but did not affect priming for tumor cell killing that was in ... | 1989 | 2493050 |
| listeria may be present in hot dogs. | | 1989 | 2494141 |
| investigation of an outbreak of listeriosis: new hypotheses for the etiology of epidemic listeria monocytogenes infections. | from december 1986 to march 1987 an outbreak of listeria monocytogenes infection occurred in the philadelphia metropolitan area. a patient-control study showed patients were more likely than controls to have had an ill family member and to have used antidiarrheal medication during the month before their illness. diet histories showed patients were significantly more likely to have eaten ice cream or salami than were controls, and to have shopped at one grocery store chain. subtyping of l. monocy ... | 1989 | 2494267 |
| pathogenicity testing of listeria strains isolated from food in fertilized hen's eggs. | pathogenicity testing of 10-day-old fertilized hen's eggs infected with listeria species demonstrated that l. monocytogenes isolated from cheese and human samples caused death in 100% of the injected chicken embryos within 96 h. in contrast, l. innocua isolated from cheese was fatal for only 17% of the infected embryos. all embryos infected with l. seeligeri survived. the results confirmed statements of previous authors about the pathogenicity of l. monocytogenes, regardless of its origin. | 1989 | 2494812 |
| infection with a reduced virulence listeria monocytogenes strain increases resistance to salmonellosis in mice. | a model to study the non-specific resistance of of1 mice was standardized using a listeria monocytogenes strain of reduced virulence to induce this resistance, and a fully virulent salmonella typhimurium strain (as challenge) to measure it. dose, route of inoculation and timing were optimized. kinetics of infection were carried out using listeria and salmonella strains respectively, inoculated intravenously and subcutaneously in the hind footpad, in order to minimize the number of dead and uninf ... | 1989 | 2494932 |