| antimicrobial and physicochemical characterization of biodegradable, nitric oxide-releasing nanocellulose-chitosan packaging membranes. | biodegradable composite membranes with antimicrobial properties consisting of nanocellulose fibrils (cnfs), chitosan, and s-nitroso-n-acetyl-d-penicillamine (snap) were developed and tested for food packaging applications. as a nitric oxide donor, snap was encapsulated into completely dispersed chitosan in 100 ml of 0.1 n acetic acid and was thoroughly mixed with cnfs to produce a composite membrane. the fabricated membranes had a uniform dispersion of chitosan and snap within the cnfs, which wa ... | 2016 | 27258235 |
| effect of different obturation materials on residual antimicrobial activity of 2% chlorhexidine in dentin at different time intervals: an ex vivo study. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gutta percha/ah26 and resilon/realseal se on residual antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine (chx) in human root dentin and suggest the best filling material when chx is used as final irrigant. | 2015 | 27252755 |
| anterior mitral valve aneurysm: a rare sequelae of aortic valve endocarditis. | summaryin intravenous drug abusers, infective endocarditis usually involves right-sided valves, with staphylococcus aureus being the most common etiologic agent. we present a patient who is an intravenous drug abuser with left-sided (aortic valve) endocarditis caused by enterococcus faecalis who subsequently developed an anterior mitral valve aneurysm, which is an exceedingly rare complication. a systematic literature search was conducted which identified only five reported cases in the literatu ... | 2016 | 27249815 |
| treatment of mdr urinary tract infections with oral fosfomycin: a retrospective analysis. | limited options for treating mdr organisms have led clinicians to turn to older antimicrobial agents that may display activity against such infections. one such agent is fosfomycin, an oral drug with activity against a variety of gram-positive and -negative bacteria, but only approved for use in the usa for urinary tract infection (uti) due to escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis. the purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of fosfomycin treatment of mdr uti and identify predictor ... | 2016 | 27246234 |
| impact of the provaur stewardship programme on linezolid resistance in a tertiary university hospital: a before-and-after interventional study. | there is little evidence of the impact of antimicrobial stewardship programmes on antimicrobial resistance. | 2016 | 27246230 |
| the effect of berberine hydrochloride on enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation and dispersion in vitro. | enterococcus faecalis (e. faecalis) is one of the major causes of biofilm infections. berberine hydrochloride (bbh) has diverse pharmacological effects; however, the effects and mechanisms of bbh on e. faecalis biofilm formation and dispersion have not been reported. in this study, 99 clinical isolates from the urine samples of patients with urinary tract infections (utis) were collected and identified. ten strains of e. faecalis with biofilm formation ability were studied. bbh inhibited e. faec ... | 2017 | 27242142 |
| emergence of vana gene among vancomycin-resistant enterococci in a tertiary care hospital of north - east india. | vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) have become one of the most challenging nosocomial pathogens with the rapid spread of the multi-drug resistant strain with limited therapeutic options. it is a matter of concern due to its ability to transfer vancomycin resistant gene to other organisms. the present study was undertaken to determine the emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci and the vana gene among the isolates in a tertiary care hospital of north-east india. | 2016 | 27241650 |
| antibacterial and antimetastatic potential of diospyros lycioides extract on cervical cancer cells and associated pathogens. | cervical cancer is among the most prevalent forms of cancer in women worldwide. diospyros lycioides was extracted using hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol and finger print profiles were determined. the leaf material was tested for the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides using standard chemical methods and the presence of flavonoids and phenolics using thin layer chromatography. the total phenolic content was determined using folin-ciocalteu pro ... | 2016 | 27239210 |
| gram-positive uropathogens, polymicrobial urinary tract infection, and the emerging microbiota of the urinary tract. | gram-positive bacteria are a common cause of urinary-tract infection (uti), particularly among individuals who are elderly, pregnant, or who have other risk factors for uti. here we review the epidemiology, virulence mechanisms, and host response to the most frequently isolated gram-positive uropathogens: staphylococcus saprophyticus, enterococcus faecalis, and streptococcus agalactiae. we also review several emerging, rare, misclassified, and otherwise underreported gram-positive pathogens of t ... | 2016 | 27227294 |
| postneurosurgical central nervous system infection due to enterococcus faecalis successfully treated with intraventricular vancomycin. | infections from enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium are uncommon in the post-neurosurgical intervention setting., [1, 2, 3, 4] intraventricular antibiotics are recommended when standard intravenous therapy fails. [5] here we present a case of post-neurosurgical ventriculitis, meningitis, and cerebritis in an oncology patient caused by refractory enterococcus faecalis successfully treated with intraventricular vancomycin. | 2016 | 27226704 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and characterization of virulence genes of enterococcus faecalis isolates from teeth with failure of the endodontic treatment. | the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of virulence factors and the antimicrobial resistance of enterococcus faecalis isolates of teeth with failure of the endodontic treatment. | 2016 | 27221594 |
| antibacterial efficacy of calcium hypochlorite with vibringe sonic irrigation system on enterococcus faecalis: an in vitro study. | aim. the purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro efficacy of calcium hypochlorite (ca[ocl]2) and sodium hypochlorite (naocl) associated with sonic (vibringe) irrigation system in root canals which were contaminated with enterococcus faecalis. material and methods. the root canals of 84 single-rooted premolars were enlarged up to a file 40, autoclaved, inoculated with enterococcus faecalis, and incubated for 21 days. the samples were divided into 7 groups according to the irrigation pro ... | 2016 | 27218106 |
| increasing prevalence of aminoglycoside-resistant enterococcus faecalis isolates due to the aac(6')-aph(2") gene: a therapeutic problem in kermanshah, iran. | enterococci are important pathogens in nosocomial infections. various types of antibiotics, such as aminoglycosides, are used for treatment of these infections. enterococci can acquire resistant traits, which can lead to therapeutic problems with aminoglycosides. | 2016 | 27217920 |
| vana-type mrsa (vrsa) emerged in surface waters. | due to the widespread occurrence of meca-encoded methicillin resistance in staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), treatment of staphylococcal infections is shifted to glycopeptide antibiotics like vancomycin and teicoplanin. the selective pressure of glycopeptides has eventually led to the emergence of staphylococci with increased resistance. of great concern is vana-encoded high level vancomycin and teicoplanin resistance in mrsa (vrsa). therefore, this study aimed at investigating the occurrence of vrs ... | 2016 | 27216737 |
| genome-based characterization of hospital-adapted enterococcus faecalis lineages. | vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecalis (vrefs) is an important nosocomial pathogen1,2. we undertook whole genome sequencing of e. faecalis associated with bloodstream infection in the uk and ireland over more than a decade to determine the population structure and genetic associations with hospital adaptation. three lineages predominated in the population, two of which (l1 and l2) were nationally distributed, and one (l3) geographically restricted. genome comparison with a global collection ... | 2016 | 27213049 |
| bactericidal effect of strong acid electrolyzed water against flow enterococcus faecalis biofilms. | this study evaluated the bactericidal effect of strong acid electrolyzed water (saew) against flow enterococcus faecalis biofilm and its potential application as a root canal irrigant. | 2016 | 27208991 |
| antagonistic donor density effect conserved in multiple enterococcal conjugative plasmids. | enterococcus faecalis, a common causative agent of hospital-acquired infections, is resistant to many known antibiotics. its ability to acquire and transfer resistance genes and virulence determinants through conjugative plasmids poses a serious concern for public health. in some cases, induction of transfer of e. faecalis plasmids results from peptide pheromones produced by plasmid-free recipient cells, which are sensed by the plasmid-bearing donor cells. these plasmids generally encode an inhi ... | 2016 | 27208137 |
| exogenous fatty acids protect enterococcus faecalis from daptomycin-induced membrane stress independently of the response regulator liar. | enterococcus faecalis is a commensal bacterium of the gastrointestinal tract that can cause nosocomial infections in immunocompromised humans. the hallmarks of this organism are its ability to survive in a variety of stressful habitats and, in particular, its ability to withstand membrane damage. one strategy used by e. faecalis to protect itself from membrane-damaging agents, including the antibiotic daptomycin, involves incorporation of exogenous fatty acids from bile or serum into the cell me ... | 2016 | 27208105 |
| rare case of simultaneous enterococcal endocarditis and prosthetic joint infection. | a 59-year-old man was admitted with a 3-month history of daily fevers as well as bilateral knee pain and swelling. medical history was significant for bilateral knee arthroplasties 4 years prior to admission. two sets of peripheral blood cultures as well as bilateral knee synovial fluid grew enterococcus faecalis within 10 hours. transoesophageal echocardiography revealed aortic and mitral valve vegetations suggestive of infectious endocarditis, with severe regurgitation secondary to large size. ... | 2016 | 27207984 |
| antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of cinnamomum zeylanicum, calcium hydroxide, and triple antibiotic paste as root canal dressing materials. | the aim of this article was (i) to define the chemical constituents of cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil (ceo), (ii) to compare the antimicrobial activity of ceo with triple antibiotic paste (tap) and calcium hydroxide [ca(oh)2] on planktonic and biofilm enterococcus faecalis; and (iii) to compare the cytotoxicity of these medicaments on l929 fibroblasts. | 2016 | 27206997 |
| influence of gelatin-thrombin matrix tissue sealant on bacterial colony formation and risk of pelvic infection. | objective. gelatin-thrombin matrix (gtm) tissue sealant use was previously identified as an independent predictor of pelvic infection following hysterectomies. we aim to elucidate contributing factors by assessing influence of gtm on bacterial colony formation and characterizing bacteria present at the vaginal cuff. methods. escherichia coli was incubated in phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) and pelvic washings with and without gtm to assess influence on colony formation. pelvic washings of the va ... | 2016 | 27199534 |
| antibacterial activity of the novel semisynthetic lantibiotic nvb333 in vitro and in experimental infection models. | nvb333 is a novel semisynthetic lantibiotic derived from the amide coupling of 3,5-dichlorobenzylamine to the c-terminal of deoxyactagardine b. the in vitro activity of nvb333 includes efficacy against clinically relevant pathogens including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus spp. nvb333 shows no cross-resistance with other antibiotics tested and a very low propensity for resistance development. after intravenous dosing nvb333 has high exposure in m ... | 2016 | 27189121 |
| post-renal transplant infections: single-center experience from nigeria. | infections are the leading cause of hospitalization and mortality in transplant recipients. nigeria has a growing number of renal transplant recipients. the aim of this study was to determine the pattern of infections in renal allograft recipients in one of the major renal transplant centers in nigeria. | 2016 | 27188439 |
| increased gut redox and depletion of anaerobic and methanogenic prokaryotes in severe acute malnutrition. | severe acute malnutrition (sam) is associated with inadequate diet, low levels of plasma antioxidants and gut microbiota alterations. the link between gut redox and microbial alterations, however, remains unexplored. by sequencing the gut microbiomes of 79 children of varying nutritional status from three centers in senegal and niger, we found a dramatic depletion of obligate anaerobes in malnutrition. this was confirmed in an individual patient data meta-analysis including 107 cases and 77 cont ... | 2016 | 27183876 |
| proteolytic activity of enterococcus faecalis vb63f for reduction of allergenicity of bovine milk proteins. | with the aim of screening proteolytic strains of lactic acid bacteria to evaluate their potential for the reduction of allergenicity of the major bovine milk proteins, we isolated a new proteolytic strain of enterococcus faecalis (ent. faecalis vb63f) from raw bovine milk. the proteases produced by this strain had strong activity against caseins (αs1-, αs2-, and β-casein), in both skim milk and sodium caseinate. however, only partial hydrolysis of whey proteins was observed. proteolysis of na-ca ... | 2016 | 27179865 |
| evaluation of the propidium monoazide-quantitative polymerase chain reaction method for the detection of viable enterococcus faecalis. | one limitation of dna-based molecular assays is their inability to distinguish between live and dead cells. a sample treatment with propidium monoazide (pma) before dna amplification has been proposed to overcome this problem. the aim of this in vitro study was to test different concentrations of pma coupled with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) for the detection of viable enterococcus faecalis. | 2016 | 27179593 |
| antibacterial activity of miswak salvadora persica extracts against isolated and genetically identified oral cavity pathogens. | despite medical progress worldwide, dental caries are still widespread. miswak is derived from the plant arak (salvadora persica). it is used by muslim peoples as a natural product for the cleansing of teeth, to ensure oral and dental hygiene. | 2016 | 27177110 |
| characterization of enterococcus faecalis isolates originating from different sources for their virulence factors and genes, antibiotic resistance patterns, genotypes and biofilm production. | in this study, 72 enterococcus faecalis isolates originating from humans (n=39), dogs (n=26) and cats (n=7) were investigated for some virulence factors, some virulence genes, antibiotic resistance phenotypes, randomly amplified polymorphic dna-polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) patterns and biofilm production. of the isolates, 31 (43.1%) were positive for gelatinase, 11 (15.3%) for aggregation substance and cytolysine, 38 (52.8%) for gele and 34 (47.2%) for asa1 genes. all isolates were found ... | 2015 | 27175186 |
| detection of vancomycin resistance in enterococcus species isolated from clinical samples and feces of colonized patients by phenotypic and genotypic methods. | the aim of this study was to find out the clinical correlation between the presence of vancomycin-resistant genes (van a and van b) and their expression as detected by phenotypic tests in colonized patients and in clinical isolates. | 2017 | 27166038 |
| probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from human milk. | the objective of this study was to identify and characterize lactic acid bacteria isolated from human milk, with an emphasis on their probiotic properties. | 2016 | 27159339 |
| reactive arthritis caused by urinary tract infection. | we report the case of a 58-year-old man presenting with chest pain who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (pci). the patient subsequently developed a fever over 38°c, pain on micturition, and cloudy urine 3 days following pci. urine cultures were positive for escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis, whereas blood cultures were negative. arthritis occurred two weeks following urinary tract infection (uti). we herein present a rare case of reactive arthritis caused by uti following pc ... | 2016 | 27150879 |
| evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of cetrimide and glycyrrhiza glabra l. extract against enterococcus faecalis biofilm grown on dentin discs in comparison with naocl. | this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of naocl, cetrimide, and glycyrrhiza glabra l. extract against enterococcus faecalis biofilms on dentine discs. broth microdilution method was used to determine minimal bactericidal concentrations (mbcs) of the agents. a biofilm susceptibility assay was performed using e. faecalis biofilms grown on dentine discs. minimal bactericidal concentrations (mbcs) of naocl (0.5%), cetrimide (0.015%), and g. glabra l. extract (0.25%) were applied fo ... | 2016 | 27150551 |
| protein translation machinery holds a key for transition of planktonic cells to biofilm state in enterococcus faecalis: a proteomic approach. | enterococcus faecalis is a member of human gut microflora causing nosocomial infection involving biofilm formation. ethyl methyl sulfonate induced mutants were analysed using crystal violet assay, sem and clsm microscopy which confirmed ak-e12 as biofilm efficient and ak-f6 as biofilm deficient mutants. growth curve pattern revealed ak-e12 was fast growing whereas, ak-f6 was found slow growing mutant. 2d-electrophorosis and maldi-tof analysis revealed over and underexpression of many translation ... | 2016 | 27144316 |
| virulence genes among enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium isolated from coastal beaches and human and nonhuman sources in southern california and puerto rico. | most enterococcus faecalis and e. faecium are harmless to humans; however, strains harboring virulence genes, including esp, gele, cyla, asa1, and hyl, have been associated with human infections. e. faecalis and e. faecium are present in beach waters worldwide, yet little is known about their virulence potential. here, multiplex pcr was used to compare the distribution of virulence genes among e. faecalis and e. faecium isolated from beaches in southern california and puerto rico to isolates fro ... | 2016 | 27144029 |
| simulated-use validation of a sponge atp method for determining the adequacy of manual cleaning of endoscope channels. | the objective of this study was to validate the relative light unit (rlu) cut-off of adequate cleaning of flexible colonoscopes for an atp (adenosine tri-phosphate) test kit that used a sponge channel collection method. | 2016 | 27142441 |
| effect of different mixing methods on the bacterial microleakage of calcium-enriched mixture cement. | calcium-enriched mixture cement is used in the field of endodontics. it is similar to mineral trioxide aggregate in its main ingredients.the present study investigated the effect of different mixing methods on the bacterial microleakage of cem cement. | 2016 | 27139578 |
| a silenced vana gene cluster on a transferable plasmid caused an outbreak of vancomycin-variable enterococci. | we report an outbreak of vancomycin-variable vana(+) enterococci (vve) able to escape phenotypic detection by current guidelines and demonstrate the molecular mechanisms for in vivo switching into vancomycin resistance and horizontal spread of the vana cluster. forty-eight vana(+) enterococcus faecium isolates and one enterococcus faecalis isolate were analyzed for clonality with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), and their vana gene cluster compositions were assessed by pcr and whole-geno ... | 2016 | 27139479 |
| comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of two antibiotics sparfloxacin and augmentin as experimental root canal irrigating solutions against enterococcus faecalis - an invitro study. | one of the main goals of endodontic treatment is root canal disinfection and to prevent subsequent chances of reinfection. adjuvant to instrumentation, root canal irrigants are required to eliminate the bacteria found on the root canal walls and lateral canals within the dentinal tubules. | 2016 | 27135003 |
| a novel in vitro co-culture model comprised of caco-2/rbl-2h3 cells to evaluate anti-allergic effects of food factors through the intestine. | the prevalence of type i allergic diseases such as food allergy and allergic rhinitis has increased. therefore, many studies have focused on food factors with anti-allergic activities in recent years. in order to investigate the effect of food factors on mast cell activation, a rbl-2h3 cell monoculture system has been widely used, in which various food factors have been reported to inhibit degranulation of rbl-2h3 cells. however, some orally administered food factors do not interact directly wit ... | 2016 | 27131754 |
| efficacy of 4 irrigation protocols in killing bacteria colonized in dentinal tubules examined by a novel confocal laser scanning microscope analysis. | the aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of 4 irrigation systems in eliminating bacteria in root canals, particularly in dentinal tubules. | 2016 | 27130334 |
| efficacy of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide nanoparticles on the elimination of enterococcus faecalis in human root dentin. | the objective of this study was to compare the antibacterial effect of calcium oxide nanoparticles (conps) and calcium hydroxide nanoparticles (chnps) against enterococcus faecalis in a dentinal block model. | 2017 | 27129586 |
| effect of dietary starch source and concentration on equine fecal microbiota. | starch from corn is less susceptible to equine small intestinal digestion than starch from oats, and starch that reaches the hindgut can be utilized by the microbiota. the objective of the current study was to examine the effects of starch source on equine fecal microbiota. thirty horses were assigned to treatments: control (hay only), hc (high corn), ho (high oats), lc (low corn), lo (low oats), and lw (low pelleted wheat middlings). horses received an all-forage diet (2 wk; d -14 to d -1) befo ... | 2016 | 27128793 |
| the efficacy of umbelliferone, arbutin, and n-acetylcysteine to prevent microbial colonization and biofilm development on urinary catheter surface: results from a preliminary study. | we evaluated, in a preliminary study, the efficacy of umbelliferone, arbutin, and n-acetylcysteine to inhibit biofilm formation on urinary catheter. we used 20 urinary catheters: 5 catheters were incubated with enterococcus faecalis (control group); 5 catheters were incubated with e. faecalis in presence of umbelliferone (150 mg), arbutin (60 mg), and n-acetylcysteine (150 mg) (group 1); 5 catheters were incubated with e. faecalis in presence of umbelliferone (150 mg), arbutin (60 mg), and n-ace ... | 2016 | 27127655 |
| light-activated polymethylmethacrylate nanofibers with antibacterial activity. | the creation of an antibacterial material with triggerable properties enables us to avoid the overuse or misuse of antibacterial substances and, thus, prevent the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. as a potential light-activated antibacterial material, polymethylmethacrylate (pmma) nanofibers doped with silver nanoparticles (agnps) and meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (tpp) were prepared by electrospinning. tpp was chosen as an effectively reactive oxygen species (ros) producer. antibacterial te ... | 2016 | 27127048 |
| solar inactivation of enterococci and escherichia coli in natural waters: effects of water absorbance and depth. | the decay of sewage-sourced escherichia coli and enterococci was measured at multiple depths in a freshwater marsh, a brackish water lagoon, and a marine site, all located in california. the marine site had very clear water, while the waters from the marsh and lagoon contained colored dissolved organic matter that not only blocked light but also produced reactive oxygen species. first order decay rate constants of both enterococci and e. coli were between 1 and 2 d(-1) under low light conditions ... | 2016 | 27119980 |
| sealing ability of mta, cpm, and mbpc as root-end filling materials: a bacterial leakage study. | objectives to evaluate the sealing ability of three root-end filling materials (white mta, cpm, and mbpc) using an enterococcus faecalis leakage model. material and methods seventy single-root extracted human teeth were instrumented and root-ends were resected to prepare 3 mm depth cavities. root-end preparations were filled with white mta, cpm, and mbpc cements. enterococcus faecalis was coronally introduced and the apical portion was immersed in bhi culture medium with phenol red indicator. th ... | 2016 | 27119763 |
| solubility and bacterial sealing ability of mta and root-end filling materials. | objective to evaluate solubility and sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) and root-end filling materials. material and methods the materials evaluated were: mta, calcium silicate cement with zirconium oxide (csc/zro2), and zinc oxide/eugenol (zoe). solubility test was performed according to ansi/ada. the difference between initial and final mass of the materials was analyzed after immersion in distilled water for 7 and 30 days. retrograde cavities in human teeth with single straig ... | 2016 | 27119759 |
| antimicrobial activity and substantivity of uncaria tomentosa in infected root canal dentin. | the aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial activity and substantivity of uncaria tomentosa willd dc (cat's claw, cc) in root dentin contaminated with enterococcus faecalis. forty-eight human premolars were contaminated with e. faecalis (atcc 29212) and randomly divided into four groups according to the irrigant used during chemomechanical preparation (cmp): cc group: 2% cc gel; chx group: 2% chlorhexidine digluconate gel (chx); naocl group: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (naocl); and ss g ... | 2016 | 27119588 |
| potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of bacteriogenically synthesized gold-silver nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria and their physiochemical characterizations. | the objective of this study was to develop a bimetallic nanoparticle with enhanced antibacterial activity that would improve the therapeutic efficacy against bacterial biofilms. bimetallic gold-silver nanoparticles were bacteriogenically synthesized using γ-proteobacterium, shewanella oneidensis mr-1. the antibacterial activities of gold-silver nanoparticles were assessed on the planktonic and biofilm phases of individual and mixed multi-cultures of pathogenic gram negative (escherichia coli and ... | 2016 | 27117745 |
| boron-doped diamond oxidation of amoxicillin pharmaceutical formulation: statistical evaluation of operating parameters, reaction pathways and antibacterial activity. | the electrochemical oxidation of a commercial amoxicillin formulation over a boron-doped diamond (bdd) anode was investigated. the effect of initial cod concentration (1-2 g/l), current density (30-50 ma/cm(2)), treatment time (15-90 min), initial ph (3-9) and electrolyte concentration (2-4 g/l nacl) on cod removal was assessed through a factorial design methodology. for the range of conditions in question, the first three single effects, as well as the interaction between cod and time were the ... | 2016 | 27117507 |
| acute severe aortic regurgitation: imaging with pathological correlation. | acute aortic regurgitation (ar) is an important finding associated with a wide variety of disease processes. its timely diagnosis is of utmost importance. delay in diagnosis could prove fatal. | 2016 | 27114975 |
| in vitro inactivation of enterococcus faecalis with a led device. | non-coherent light-emitting diodes (leds) are effective in a large variety of clinical indications; however, the bactericidal activity of leds is unclear, although the effectiveness of such lights is well known. currently, no studies have examined the effects of nir-led on bacteria. the aims of this study were to verify the antibacterial activity of 880-nm led irradiation on a bacterial suspension of enterococcus faecalis and to compare it with the actions of sodium hypochlorite (naocl) and the ... | 2016 | 27107704 |
| lactobacillus helveticus lafti l10 supplementation modulates mucosal and humoral immunity in elite athletes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | michalickova, dm, kostic-vucicevic, mm, vukasinovic-vesic, md, stojmenovic, tb, dikic, nv, andjelkovic, ms, djordjevic, bi, tanaskovic, bp, and minic, rd. lactobacillus helveticus lafti l10 supplementation modulates mucosal and humoral immunity in elite athletes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. j strength cond res 31(1): 62-70, 2017-to test the influence of probiotic supplementation on humoral immune response, a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. thirty a ... | 2017 | 27100317 |
| antimicrobial effect of three disinfecting agents on resilon cones and their effect on surface topography: an in vitro study. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (naocl), 2% chlorhexidine (chx), and 2% peracetic acid (paa) in disinfecting resilon cones and to evaluate topographical changes microscopically under scanning electron microscope (sem) after rapid chemical disinfection. | 2017 | 27099418 |
| enterococcus faecalis biofilm. formation and development in vitro observed by scanning electron microscopy. | biofilm produced by enterococcus faecalis isolated from root canals was detected by growing it on microplates and using 10% crystal violet stain, elution with alcohol and three procedures: no fixation, heat fixation and 10% formaldehyde fixation. the biofilm was evaluated using a versamax microplate reader (usa). twenty sterile root portions were incubated in ts broth with e. faecalis (108) for 48 hours, 4, 7, 14 and 30 days, after which they were processed and observed by scanning electron micr ... | 2015 | 27095620 |
| first japanese case of infectious endocarditis due to enterococcus faecalis small-colony variants. | a male patient was admitted to our hospital due to infectious endocarditis. he had been treated with levofloxacin for 6 weeks, sulbactam/cefoperazone for 4 weeks, and benzylpenicillin for 2 days prior to valve replacement surgery. gram-positive cocci, with morphology consistent with γ-streptococcus, were detected in blood cultures obtained at admission, as well as in vegetation obtained from the aortic valve. however, the strain could not be identified using biochemical methods. sequencing of th ... | 2016 | 27094238 |
| antimicrobial activity of tetraacetylethylenediamine-sodium perborate versus sodium hypochlorite against enterococcus faecalis. | background. this study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of tetraacetylethylenediamine-sodium perborate (taed-sp) in comparison to 2.5% and 5% sodium hypochlorite (naocl) against enterococcus faecalis. methods. a standard suspension of e. faecalis was inoculated on 60 plates containing mueller-hinton agar culture medium. four sterile disks of beckman filtration paper were placed on each plate. taed-sp, 5% and 2.5% naocl were placed on three disks. sterile physiologic saline was placed on the ... | 2016 | 27092214 |
| q69 (an e. faecalis-infecting bacteriophage) as a biocontrol agent for reducing tyramine in dairy products. | biogenic amines (bas) are low molecular weight nitrogenous compounds with biological activity, formed from amino acids by decarboxylation. bas are naturally present in all living organisms playing essential roles. however, their accumulation in food through the metabolic activity of certain microorganisms constitutes a toxicological hazard. among foods, cheeses accumulate some of the highest concentrations of bas since they provide an ideal environment for their accumulation. most of the methods ... | 2016 | 27092117 |
| nondermal irritating hyperosmotic nanoemulsions reduce treatment times in a contamination model of wound healing. | increased microbial burden within the wound often complicates wound healing and may lead to subsequent infection or delayed healing. here, we investigate a novel topical for addressing wound contamination that utilizes hyperosmotic saccharides with a cell membrane disrupting emulsion. these hyperosmotic nanoemulsions (hne) were administered topically in a full-thickness biopsy model of wound healing. results show that hne were well tolerated in noninfected animals with no indications of dermal i ... | 2016 | 27090977 |
| complete genome sequence of enterococcus faecalis ld33, a bacteriocin-producing strain. | enterococcus faecalis ld33 strain was originally isolated from traditional naturally fermented cream in inner mongolia of china. its complete genome sequence was carried out using the illumina hiseq and the pacbio rsii platform. the genome only has a circular chromosome and a gc content of 37.58%. other core information shown in the genome sequencing results further insight on this bacterium's genetic elements for bacteriocin production and the genes related to respiratory chain. | 2016 | 27090021 |
| effect of the quorum-sensing luxs gene on biofilm formation by enterococcus faecalis. | enterococcus faecalis is the species of bacterium most frequently isolated from the root canals of teeth that exhibit chronic apical periodontitis refractory to endodontic treatment. in this study, we evaluated the effect of the s-ribosylhomocysteine lyase (luxs) quorum-sensing gene on e. faecalis biofilm formation by constructing a knockout mutant. the biofilms formed by both e. faecalis and its luxs mutant strain were evaluated using the mtt method. important parameters that influence biofilm ... | 2016 | 27080421 |
| comparison of clinical outcomes and risk factors in polymicrobial versus monomicrobial enterococcal bloodstream infections. | enterococcal bloodstream infections (ebsis) are frequently polymicrobial but scant data describe the outcomes and risk factors of polymicrobial ebsi. this study describes the outcomes and risk factors of polymicrobial versus monomicrobial ebsi. | 2016 | 27079241 |
| pretreatment with a heat-killed probiotic modulates monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and reduces the pathogenicity of influenza and enterovirus 71 infections. | it has been proposed that inactivated probiotics may modulate the host immune system and contribute to mitigation of viral infections. this study demonstrated that administration of heat-killed enterococcus faecalis, a widely used probiotic, can protect host animals against viral infections. the influenza-mediated morbidity and lung inflammation in e. faecalis-treated mice decreased significantly compared with those of the control mice. furthermore, we found that the protection is associated wit ... | 2017 | 27072606 |
| fungal naphtho-γ-pyrones: potent antibiotics for drug-resistant microbial pathogens. | four naphtho-γ-pyrones (fonsecinones a and c and aurasperones a and e) were identified as potential antibacterial agents against escherichia coli, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing e. coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococcus faecalis, and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) in an in vitro antibacterial screen of 218 fungal metabolites. fonsecinone a (2) exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of 4.26, 17.04, an ... | 2016 | 27063778 |
| [the effect of a combined nanoparticulate/calcium hydroxide medication on the biofilm of enterococcus faecalis in starvation phase]. | to evaluate the efficacy of ca(oh)2 with a silver nanoparticle suspension to eliminate the biofilm of enterococcus faecalis (e. faecalis) in starvation phase. | 2016 | 27063301 |
| [persistence of a st6 clone of enterococcus faecalis genotype vanb2 in two hospitals in aragon (spain)]. | in order to study the evolution of the outbreak that occurred between 2009 and 2010 in 3 hospitals in zaragoza, all vancomycin-resistant clinical enterococcus faecalis isolates identified between 2011 and 2013 at these hospitals were characterised. | 2016 | 27059750 |
| light and temperature effects on bioactivity in diatoms. | isolates of five pelagic north atlantic marine diatoms (bacillariophyceae): attheya longicornis, chaetoceros socialis, chaetoceros furcellatus, skeletonema marinoi and porosira glacialis were cultivated in large photobioreactors at two light and two temperature regimes to test if this affected bioactivity. we screened for bioactivity in assays representing five different therapeutic areas: diabetes ii (ptp1b), cancer (melanoma cells, a2058), anti-oxidants (frap), immunomodulation (tnfa) and anti ... | 2017 | 27057087 |
| influence of working length and foraminal enlargement on foramen morphology and sealing ability. | the present study evaluated the influence of the working length and foraminal enlargement on the sealing ability and anatomy of the apical region of the root. | 2016 | 27054864 |
| detection of vancomycin resistance among enterococcus faecalis and staphylococcus aureus. | vancomycin remains the drug of choice for resistant gram positive infections caused by enterococcus spp and methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). increased use of vancomycin has led to frank resistance and increase in mic (mic creep). vancomycin intermediate staphylococcus aureus (visa), vancomycin resistant staphylococcus aureus (vrsa) & vancomycin resistant enterococci (vre) are important emerging nosocomial pathogens resulting in treatment failures. | 2016 | 27042459 |
| maternal antibiotic treatment impacts development of the neonatal intestinal microbiome and antiviral immunity. | microbial colonization of the infant gastrointestinal tract (git) begins at birth, is shaped by the maternal microbiota, and is profoundly altered by antibiotic treatment. antibiotic treatment of mothers during pregnancy influences colonization of the git microbiota of their infants. the role of the git microbiota in regulating adaptive immune function against systemic viral infections during infancy remains undefined. we used a mouse model of perinatal antibiotic exposure to examine the effect ... | 2016 | 27036912 |
| indomethacin injury to the rat small intestine is dependent upon biliary secretion and is associated with overgrowth of enterococci. | nsaiduse is limited due to the drugs' toxicity to the gastrointestinal mucosa, an action incompletely understood. lower gut injury induced bynsaids is dependent on bile secretion and is reported to increase the growth of a number of bacterial species, including an enterococcal species,enterococcus faecalis this study examined the relationships between indomethacin (indo)-induced intestinal injury/bleeding, small bowel overgrowth (sbo) and dissemination of enterococci, and the contribution of bil ... | 2016 | 27033447 |
| synthesis variants of quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine nanoparticles and their antibacterial efficacy in dental materials. | resin-based dental materials allow bacterial growth on their surface and lack antibacterial activity, leading to functional and esthetic failure. quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine (qpei) nanoparticles (nps) incorporated in resin-based composite at 2% wt/wt have demonstrated prolonged and complete inhibition of bacterial growth. this study focused on optimization of qpei np synthesis to reduce the concentration required for bacterial growth inhibition. the objective here was to enhance antimi ... | 2016 | 27032864 |
| posaida: presence of staphylococcus aureus/mrsa and enterococcus/vre in danish ambulances. a cross-sectional study. | every year approximately one out of ten danish patients contracts a healthcare associated infection (hai). staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus are prominent in the group of pathogenic bacteria that underlie hais, causing unnecessary inconvenience and prolonging hospitalization. bacterial colonization often occurs due to indirect patient-to-patient transmission, caused by poor hygiene compliance. this study aims to determine the level of contamination with s. aureus/mrsa and enterococcus/vre o ... | 2016 | 27029410 |
| comparison of hospital room surface disinfection using a novel ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (uvgi) generator. | the estimated 721,800 hospital acquired infections per year in the united states have necessitated development of novel environmental decontamination technologies such as ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (uvgi). this study evaluated the efficacy of a novel, portable uvgi generator (the torch, chlordisys solutions, inc., lebanon, nj) to disinfect surface coupons composed of plastic from a bedrail, stainless steel, chrome-plated light switch cover, and a porcelain tile that were inoculated with ... | 2016 | 27028152 |
| spatial organization of cell wall-anchored proteins at the surface of gram-positive bacteria. | bacterial surface proteins constitute an amazing repertoire of molecules with important functions such as adherence, invasion, signalling and interaction with the host immune system or environment. in gram-positive bacteria, many surface proteins of the "lpxtg" family are anchored to the peptidoglycan (pg) by an enzyme named sortase. while this anchoring mechanism has been clearly deciphered, less is known about the spatial organization of cell wall-anchored proteins in the bacterial envelope. h ... | 2016 | 27025379 |
| effect of laser-activated irrigation on biofilms in artificial root canals. | to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of laser-activated irrigation (lai) on biofilms formed in simulated root canals. | 2017 | 27014832 |
| molecular characterization of virulence genes in vancomycin-resistant and vancomycin-sensitive enterococci. | the aim of this study was to find out the correlation between presence of virulence (gelatinase [gel e], enterococcal surface protein [esp], cytolysin a [cyl a], hyaluronidase [hyl], and aggregation substance [asa1]) and vancomycin-resistant genes (van a and van b) in enterococci, with their phenotypic expression. | 2017 | 27013840 |
| community acquired enterococcal urinary tract infections and antibiotic resistance profile in north india. | urinary tract infections (utis) remain a major problem both in hospitalized and outdoor patients. multidrug-resistant enterococci are emerging as a major nosocomial pathogen with increasing frequency. however, the incidence of community-acquired enterococcal infections and species prevalent in india is not thoroughly investigated. | 2017 | 27013814 |
| surveillance for linezolid resistance via the zyvox® annual appraisal of potency and spectrum (zaaps) programme (2014): evolving resistance mechanisms with stable susceptibility rates. | the objective of this study was to report the linezolid in vitro activity observed during the zyvox(®) annual appraisal of potency and spectrum (zaaps) programme for 2014. | 2016 | 27013481 |
| susceptibility of contemporary isolates to fosfomycin: a systematic review of the literature. | the aim of this review was to evaluate the susceptibility of contemporary gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria to fosfomycin. pubmed and scopus databases were systematically searched to identify studies published in print or electronically from january 2010 until june 2015. in total, 84 studies were selected. susceptibility to fosfomycin of staphylococcus aureus ranged between 33.2% and 100% (frequency=91.7%, 95% confidence interval 88.7-94.9%), of enterococcus spp. from 30% to 100% (enteroc ... | 2016 | 27013000 |
| enhancing the antibacterial activity of the gold standard intracanal medicament with incorporation of silver zeolite: an in vitro study. | enterococcus faecalis is a persistent organism that plays a major role in the etiology of persistent periradicular lesions after root canal treatment has been associated with different forms of periradicular disease including primary endodontic infections and persistent infections. the present study compares the antibacterial activities of calcium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide mixed with silver zeolite, and calcium hydroxide mixed with 2% chlorhexidine against e. faecalis using direct contact tes ... | 2017 | 27011937 |
| deletion of fabn in enterococcus faecalis results in unsaturated fatty acid auxotrophy and decreased release of inflammatory cytokines. | the gram-positive bacterium enterococcus faecalis can cause life-threatening infections and is resistant to several commonly used antibiotics. the type ii fatty acid pathway in bacteria is discussed as a potential target for antimicrobial therapy. however, it was shown that inhibition or deletion of its enzymes can be rescued in gram-positive bacteria by supplementation with fatty acids. here we show that by deletion of the fabn gene, which is essential for unsaturated fatty acid (ufa) synthesis ... | 2016 | 27009913 |
| thymidylate limitation potentiates cephalosporin activity toward enterococci via an exopolysaccharide-based mechanism. | multidrug resistant enterococci are major causes of nosocomial infections. prior therapy with cephalosporins increases the risk of developing an enterococcal infection due to the intrinsic resistance of enterococci to these antibiotics. while progress has been made toward understanding the genetic and biochemical mechanisms of cephalosporin resistance, available data indicate that as-yet-unidentified resistance factors must exist. here, we describe results of a screen to identify small molecules ... | 2016 | 27008338 |
| influence of temperature on the antibacterial activity of sodium hypochlorite. | the aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of 5.25% naocl, hypoclean and chlor-xtra at 20 °c and 45 °c in bovine root dentin. one-hundred-and-seventy dentin tubes prepared from bovine maxillary incisors were infected for 21 days with enterococcus faecalis. the specimens were divided into the following groups: 1. 5.25% naocl 20 °c; 2. hypoclean 20 °c; 3. chlor-xtra 20 °c; 4. 5.25% % naocl 45 °c; 5. hypoclean 45 °c; 6. chlor-xtra 45 °c; 7. positive control; 8. negative control ... | 2017 | 27007342 |
| 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid is bactericidal in human dental root canals ex vivo. | to compare the activity of 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid (hica), calcium hydroxide (ca(oh)2 ) and chlorhexidine digluconate (chg) against enterococcus faecalis t-75359 (root canal isolate) in the root canals of extracted human teeth. | 2017 | 27004733 |
| oritavancin activity tested against molecularly characterized staphylococci and enterococci displaying elevated linezolid mic results. | oritavancin (mic50/90, 0.03/0.06 to 0.12 μg/ml) had potent activity against linezolid-resistant staphylococci, as well as enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium (oritavancin mic50/90, 0.015/0.12 μg/ml against both species). all linezolid-resistant isolates were inhibited by oritavancin at ≤0.12 μg/ml. these results confirmed the absence of cross-resistance between linezolid and oritavancin in staphylococci and enterococci. | 2016 | 27001823 |
| quantification of lipoteichoic acid contents and cultivable bacteria at the different phases of the endodontic retreatment. | the infectious content of root canals, including bacteria and lipoteichoic acid (lta), cause injuries to the periapical tissues. the purpose of this clinical study was to quantify the levels of both lta and cultivable bacteria at the different phases of endodontic retreatment (er) of teeth with post-treatment apical periodontitis. it also aimed to investigate the presence of gram-positive microorganisms before and after chemomechanical preparation (cmp) and intracanal medication (icm). | 2016 | 27000273 |
| antimicrobial action of calcium hydroxide-based endodontic sealers after setting, against e. faecalis biofilm. | enterococcus faecalis are gram positive bacteria that can mostly resist endodontic therapy, inducing persistent infection in the root canal system. endodontic sealers with antimicrobial activity may help eliminate residual microorganisms that survive endodontic treatment. the present study aimed at comparing the antimicrobial activity of acroseal, sealapex and ah plus endodontic sealers in an in vitro biofilm model. bovine dentin specimens (144) were prepared, and twelve blocks for each sealer a ... | 2016 | 26981759 |
| rapid evolution of microbe-mediated protection against pathogens in a worm host. | microbes can defend their host against virulent infections, but direct evidence for the adaptive origin of microbe-mediated protection is lacking. using experimental evolution of a novel, tripartite interaction, we demonstrate that mildly pathogenic bacteria (enterococcus faecalis) living in worms (caenorhabditis elegans) rapidly evolved to defend their animal hosts against infection by a more virulent pathogen (staphylococcus aureus), crossing the parasitism-mutualism continuum. host protection ... | 2016 | 26978164 |
| chemical composition, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of the essential oil from the tunisian ononis angustissima l. (fabaceae). | the chemical composition, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of the hydrodistilled essential oil of the aerial parts of ononis angustissima from south tunisia has been evaluated. the oil yield was 0.04% (w/w). the chemical composition, determined by gc and gc-ms is reported for the first time. forty-five components, accounting for 93.7% of the total oil have been identified. the oil was characterized by a high proportion of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (33.2%), followed by sesquiterpene hydroca ... | 2016 | 26972463 |
| l-lactic acid production by combined utilization of agricultural bioresources as renewable and economical substrates through batch and repeated-batch fermentation of enterococcus faecalis rky1. | enterococcus faecalis rky1 was used to produce l-lactic acid from hydrol, soybean curd residues (scr), and malt. hydrol was efficiently metabolized to l-lactic acid with optical purity of >97.5%, though hydrol contained mixed sugars such as glucose, maltose, maltotriose, and maltodextrin. combined utilization of hydrol, scr, and malt was enough to sustain lactic acid fermentation by e. faecalis rky1. in order to reduce the amount of nitrogen sources and product inhibition, cell-recycle repeated- ... | 2016 | 26970921 |
| enterococcus faecalis ebp pili are important for cell-cell aggregation and intraspecies gene transfer. | enterococcus faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen that ranks among the leading causes of biofilm-associated infections. we previously demonstrated that the endocarditis- and biofilm-associated pili (ebp) of e. faecalis play a major role in biofilm formation, adherence to abiotic surfaces and experimental infections. in this study, derivatives of e. faecalis strain og1 were engineered to further characterize functions of ebp pili. loss of pili resulted in a 36-fold decrease in the number of clos ... | 2016 | 26967674 |
| point-of-use water disinfection using ultraviolet and visible light-emitting diodes. | improvements in point-of-use (pou) drinking water disinfection technologies for remote and regional communities are urgently needed. conceptually, uv-c light-emitting diodes (leds) overcome many drawbacks of low-pressure mercury tube based uv devices, and uv-a or visible light leds also show potential. to realistically evaluate the promise of led disinfection, our study assessed the performance of a model 1.3 l reactor, similar in size to solar disinfection bottles. in all, 12 different commerci ... | 2016 | 26967007 |
| heat-killed enterococcus faecalis ef-2001 ameliorates atopic dermatitis in a murine model. | recent reports have shown the immunomodulatory effect of heat-killed lactic acid bacteria. atopic dermatitis (ad) is an allergic skin disease, caused by immune dysregulation among other factors. the aim of this study was to assess the effect of heat-killed enterococcus faecalis ef-2001 (ef-2001) on ad. we established an in vivo ad model by repeated local exposure of dermatophagoides farinae extract (dfe; house dust mite extract) and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (dncb) to the ears of mice. after oral ... | 2016 | 26959058 |
| effectiveness of n-acetyl cysteine, 2% chlorhexidine, and their combination as intracanal medicaments on enterococcus faecalis biofilm. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacies of 2% chlorhexidine (chx), n-acetyl cysteine (nac) and assess their synergistic or antagonist action as intracanal medicament. | 2017 | 26957787 |
| molecular diagnosis of urinary tract infections by semi-quantitative detection of uropathogens in a routine clinical hospital setting. | the objective of our study was the development of a semi-quantitative real-time pcr to detect uropathogens. two multiplex pcr reactions were designed to detect escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., proteus mirabilis, enterococcus faecalis, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. 16s based pcr was performed in parallel to detect gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. firstly to identify non-targeted agents of infection in the same urine specimen, and secondly to quantify ... | 2016 | 26954694 |
| co-location of the oxazolidinone resistance genes optra and cfr on a multiresistance plasmid from staphylococcus sciuri. | to identify and characterize the oxazolidinone/phenicol resistance gene optra in staphylococcus isolates. | 2016 | 26953332 |
| resistance to antimicrobial agents among enterococci isolated from fecal samples of wild marine species in the southern coast of brazil. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate species distribution, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and presence of resistance genes in enterococci isolated from fecal samples of wild marine species, including seabirds (n=12), sea turtles (n=8), and mammals (n=3) found alive or dead in southern coast of brazil. enterococci were classified based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, tested for antibiotic susceptibility, and the presence of tet(s), tet(m), tet(l), mrsc, and erm(b) genes by p ... | 2016 | 26952995 |
| cysteamine enhances biofilm eradication efficacy of calcium hydroxide. | calcium hydroxide (ca[oh]2) is a widely used interappointment dressing, but its antibacterial property is compromised by dentin. hence, the addition of chlorhexidine (chx) with ca(oh)2 has been proposed. however, the antimicrobial efficacy of this mixture compared with ca(oh)2 alone is currently still debatable. cysteamine is a mucolytic agent used to reduce the viscosity of mucus through the disruption of proteins, which are also important components of the extracellular matrix of biofilms. the ... | 2016 | 26951960 |
| effects of dentin debris on the antimicrobial properties of sodium hypochlorite and etidronic acid. | the purpose of this study was to determine the influence of dentin powder on the concentration, ph, and antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite (naocl) alone and combined with etidronic acid (hebp). | 2016 | 26951957 |