| [female genital virus infections, excluding papillomavirus infections]. | | 1987 | 3027877 |
| [inactivation of formaldehyde by semicarbazide in disinfectant tests with viruses]. | in suspension tests with viruses formaldehyde is--even in weak concentrations--toxic for tissue cultures. through addition of semicarbazide in a ratio of one part of 10% semicarbazide to one part of 0.7% formaldehyde, which is equivalent to a molar ratio of 3.8:1, the toxicity will be neutralized if semicarbazide is added to the tissue cultures before their being inoculated with the virus-disinfectant-mixture. in qualitative experiments the toxicity is completely neutralized, in quantitative one ... | 1986 | 3028010 |
| adenovirus promoters and e1a transactivation. | | 1986 | 3028247 |
| efficiency of immunofluorescence for rapid detection of common respiratory viruses. | rapid immunofluorescence (fa) methods for the detection of common respiratory viruses were compared with culture results over a 3-year period to assess the relative efficiency of fa in a clinical laboratory setting. for respiratory syncytial virus, efficiencies were high (sensitivity, 90 to 95%; specificity, 92 to 95%). the sensitivity of fa for detection of parainfluenza virus type 1, parainfluenza virus type 3, influenza a virus, and adenoviruses ranged from 28 to 63%, but specificities for th ... | 1987 | 3029168 |
| detection of adenovirus types 40 and 41 in stool specimens by immune electron microscopy. | an immune electron microscope (iem) test was developed that allowed the direct detection of adenovirus type 40 (ad 40) or ad 41 in stools specimens. the polyclonal rabbit antisera used differentiated ad 40 and 41 from other ad serotypes but not from each other. the method was evaluated in a 13 month prospective study of stools from children with gastroenteritis. seventy-two specimens found to contain ad by conventional electron microscope screening were retested by iem. results were typically ob ... | 1987 | 3029322 |
| [sequelae of concomitant infection of chicks with adenovirus or reovirus and the agent of avian infectious anemia (caa)]. | | 1986 | 3031906 |
| effect of dehydrating agents on dna organization in herpes viruses. | with routine procedures of epon- or gma-embedding and a stain specific for dna, the nucleoid of mature herpes simplex virus-type 1 (hsv-1) assumes the well-known form of a short, compact, hollow cylinder or torus. a new, more complex organization of dna filaments in encapsidated hsv-1 was found in infected cells after aldehyde fixation, methanol dehydration, and lowicryl embedment. we have determined that it is the use of methanol as dehydrating agent that permits visualization of this internal ... | 1987 | 3033063 |
| antigen detection with monoclonal antibodies for the diagnosis of adenovirus gastroenteritis. | a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay (eia) was developed for direct detection of enteric adenoviruses in stool specimens from individuals with gastroenteritis. tests specific for each of the enteric adenoviruses, adenovirus type 40 (ad 40) and type 41 (ad 41), were designed. the sensitivity of the assay was determined by comparing the results of the eia with isolation of virus in graham 293 cells from stools that contained particles having adenovirus morphology. the standard for specif ... | 1987 | 3033091 |
| cellular mutation mediates t-antigen-positive revertant cells resistant to simian virus 40 transformation but not to retransformation by polyomavirus and adenovirus type 2. | t-antigen-positive transformation revertant cell lines were isolated from fully simian virus 40 (sv40)-transformed fisher rat embryo fibroblast cells (ref 52 cells) by methionine starvation. reversion of the transformed cells (sv-52 cells) was caused by a mutation within the cellular genome. to demonstrate this, we isolated sv40 dna from the host genome, inserted it into plasmid pspt18 dna, cloned it in escherichia coli, and microinjected it into the nuclei of the ref 52 cells. fully transformed ... | 1987 | 3033314 |
| effect of a preliminary infection of ducks with eds-76 virus on the derzsy's disease pathology. | the aim of this work was to investigate the role of a non pathogenic adenovirus (eds-76, strain a-127), frequently isolated from ducklings on the infection by a pathogen agent (such as the parvovirus responsible for derzsy's disease, ddv). three groups of ducklings were respectively infected with a-127 alone, at day old, ddv alone at day 10th, a-127 at day old plus ddv at day 10th. the infected groups and a control one were raised under similar conditions. pathological signs were observed and bo ... | 1987 | 3034130 |
| experimental infection of laying chickens with egg-drop syndrome 1976 virus. | brown layer hens (bc and hc strains) and white layer hens (wl strain) orally infected with the h-162 strain of the egg-drop syndrome 1976 virus developed few clinical signs except for abnormal egg production. depressed and/or aberrant-egg production was observed for 3 days or longer in 17 of 18 bc hens, 13 of 15 hc hens, and 10 of 17 wl hens. on the average, abnormal egg production began 8.8, 10.3, and 12.2 days after infection of the bc, hc, and wl hens, respectively. egg production was depress ... | 1987 | 3034229 |
| differential effects of dna tumor virus nuclear oncogene products on adipocyte differentiation. | we have introduced sv40 and polyoma large t antigen- and adenovirus-type 12 e1a genes into mouse 3t3-l1 preadipocyte cells to study the ability of various nuclear oncogene products to modulate cell differentiation. clones expressing e1a products could differentiate into adipocytes faster than the control in spite of the absence of adipogenic inducers, as measured by the appearance of lipid droplets microscopically and by staining accumulated triglycerides with oil red o. however, clones expressi ... | 1987 | 3034667 |
| reduced allorecognition of adenovirus-2 infected cells. | the early region 3 of adenovirus 2 encodes the membrane glycoprotein e19. this protein specifically binds class i transplantation antigens of a variety of species. concomitant with this interaction the intracellular transport of newly synthesized class i heavy chains is abrogated. at late stages of the virus infection this leads to a notable decrease in the cell surface expression of class i antigens. we have studied how infection with adenovirus 2 influences target cell recognition by alloreact ... | 1987 | 3035018 |
| selective translation initiation on bicistronic simian virus 40 late mrna. | we described previously a simian virus 40 (sv40) mutant, psvadl, that was defective in synthesis of the late viral protein vp1. this mutant, which contains a 100-base-pair fragment of adenovirus dna encompassing the major late promoter inserted in the sv40 late promoter region (sv40 nucleotide 294), efficiently synthesizes agnoprotein, a protein encoded by the leader region of the same mrna that encodes vp1. when the agnoprotein aug initiation codon in psvadl was mutated to uug, agnoprotein synt ... | 1987 | 3035232 |
| [the cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) as an experimental model for studying viruses in human respiratory tract infections. i. para-influenza virus type 1, 2 and 3, adenovirus type 5 and rs virus]. | | 1987 | 3035295 |
| comparative pathology of infection by novel diarrhoea viruses. | examination of diarrhoeic faeces in the electron microscope often reveals viruses that are presumed to be enteropathogenic. lesions caused by novel rotaviruses were similar to those of group a rotaviruses, but enterocyte syncytia were seen which are probably pathognomonic for novel rotaviruses. in adenovirus infection in piglets, mature enterocytes were infected and destroyed; intranuclear inclusion bodies were seen in infected enterocytes. calici-like viruses infected mature enterocytes in calv ... | 1987 | 3036441 |
| processing of vimentin occurs during the early stages of adenovirus infection. | evidence is presented that a fraction of vimentin, a component of cytoskeleton recently found to be associated with intracytoplasmic, migrating adenovirus type 2 (ad2), is processed into smaller polypeptides at early times after infection. the extent of vimentin cleavage appears to depend upon both the multiplicity of infection and the adenovirus serotype. ad2, ad5, ad4, and ad9 induced similar vimentin cleavage in infected cells, whereas ad3, ad7, and ad12, for which most infecting particles ar ... | 1987 | 3037116 |
| unstable visible mutations induced in drosophila melanogaster by injections of oncogenic virus dna into the polar plasm of early embryos. | when rsv dna cloned in pbr 322 or dna of simian adenovirus sa7 (c8) is injected into the pole plasm of embryos of various drosophila stocks, the progeny of 1-70% of the surviving flies display visible mutations. the mutagenesis is partially directed: the loci mutating due to retrovirus and adenovirus dna do not overlap. the majority of resulting mutants are characterised by high instability: reversions and new mutations occur in them, which sometimes spread over the whole population ("explosive" ... | 1987 | 3037277 |
| multiple reiteration of a 40-bp nucleotide sequence in the inverted terminal repeat of the genome of a canine adenovirus. | the dna of a vaccine strain of canine adenovirus type 1 [ichv vaccine; connaught laboratories, ltd.; cav-1(cll)] has been cloned in plasmid pat153 in the form of subgenomic bamhi digestion fragments. analysis of the nucleotide sequences of cloned terminal fragments has revealed an inverted terminal repeat (itr) with a minimum length of 198 nucleotides, including a tandem reiteration of the 40-bp nucleotide sequence from positions 14 to 53. the itrs had the 5'-catcatcaat ... sequence typical of a ... | 1987 | 3037784 |
| the efficiency of various laboratory methods for the diagnosis of adenovirus conjunctivitis. | virological and serological data from 242 patients with conjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis, infected with adenovirus type 8, and of 109 patients infected with other adenovirus types were compared by means of an electronic data processing system. about 55% of the patients in both groups showed a diagnostic antibody rise in genus-specific (antihexon) complement-fixation. this rate is significantly lower than that obtained with genus-specific elisa igg or iga, or with neutralization tests again ... | 1987 | 3037827 |
| mitogenic and antimitogenic transforming growth factors secreted by adenovirus 2- and simian virus 40-transformed hamster cells: possible roles in promoting tumorigenesis. | adenovirus 2 (ad2)- and simian virus 40 (sv40)-transformed hamster embryo cells differ markedly in a number of phenotypic properties including their potential for inducing tumors in hamsters. both ad2- and sv40-transformed cells are immortalized and readily induce tumors in immunoincompetent newborn syngeneic hamsters, but only sv40-transformed cells are highly oncogenic in both adult syngeneic and allogeneic immunocompetent hamsters. the reasons for the difference in the oncogenic potential of ... | 1987 | 3038307 |
| identification of ovine adenovirus types five and six in an epizootic of respiratory tract disease in recently weaned lambs. | eight hundred fourteen polypay-cross lambs, 32 to 35 days old, were housed in an isolation barn under semiconfinement conditions. the lambs were observed twice daily for clinical signs of respiratory tract disease. during the 8-week observation period, an epizootic of respiratory tract disease developed, in which the combined morbidity and mortality was approximately 13%. the overall mortality was 4.1%, of which 57.6% was attributable to pneumonia. pasteurella haemolytica was isolated from 11 (5 ... | 1987 | 3038805 |
| evaluation of three types of cell culture for recovery of adenovirus from clinical specimens. | the performance characteristics of hek, hdf, and mk cells for adenovirus isolation were examined for eye and respiratory tract specimens. hek cells were superior to hdf and mk cells in terms of both speed of virus detection and sensitivity. | 1987 | 3038951 |
| [circulation of parainfluenza viruses and adenoviruses in groups exposed to the action of noxious chemicals or not]. | investigations were conducted during 1985 and 1986 years on the effect of some chemicals on the parainfluenza and adenovirus circulation in an industrial enterprise community. the presence of type 1, 2 and 3 parainfluenza virus and of adenovirus was revealed by immunofluorescence in exfoliated cells collected from nasopharynx. the kinetic of specific hemagglutination inhibiting and complement fixing antibodies was followed monthly by immunological tests. meaning of the results is discussed from ... | 1987 | 3039723 |
| adeno-associated viruses: an update. | | 1987 | 3039813 |
| enteric viral infections of turkey poults: incidence of infection. | four flocks from one commercial market-turkey operation in ohio were monitored for the presence of enteric viruses. each flock was sampled at intervals from placement until at least 7 weeks of age; sampling was more frequent in the first 4 weeks of life. the earliest infections detected were astrovirus infections or combination infections of astrovirus and rotavirus-like virus (rvlv) or astrovirus and rotavirus. during the first 4 weeks of life, astrovirus was the most frequently detected virus, ... | 1987 | 3039964 |
| a trivalent antigen for the detection of type i avian adenovirus precipitin. | a double immunodiffusion antigen prepared from cell-culture-propagated celo virus was not capable of detecting precipitin directed against all of the type i avian adenovirus (fowl adenoviruses) isolates tested. however, an antigen pool containing celo-4, b-3, and ibh-2 (tipton) fowl adenovirus isolates detected precipitin directed against representative isolates of 10 type i serotypes. additionally, this antigen pool markedly improved detection of adenovirus field exposure. | 1987 | 3039966 |
| expression of bicistronic measles virus p/c mrna by using hybrid adenoviruses: levels of c protein synthesized in vivo are unaffected by the presence or absence of the upstream p initiator codon. | the measles virus (mv) p/c mrna is functionally bicistronic. translation is presumed to initiate at both the first and second 5'-proximal aug codons, leading, respectively, to synthesis of the p and c polypeptides from different overlapping reading frames. to study the function and differential expression of these polypeptides, we have constructed hybrid human adenoviruses capable of expressing high levels of p and c together or of c alone. cloned cdna corresponding to the mv p/c gene was couple ... | 1988 | 3050147 |
| mammalian expression vectors. | | 1988 | 3061521 |
| [comparison of methods of detection of bovine adenovirus serotype 3 in infected culture of calf kidney cells (mdbk)]. | the comparative study of the dynamics of the main antigen (hexon) and viral dna of the bovine adenovirus type 3 accumulation in the established cell line mdbk under the conditions of single- or multistep cycle of infection has been undertaken. the quantitative immunoelectrophoresis and immunoenzyme assay detected the viral antigens on the late stages of infection in the period of cellular monolayer degradation. the immunofluorescence reaction and histochemical immunoenzyme method detected the an ... | 1988 | 3068542 |
| [shigellae as an immunosuppressive factor]. | | 1986 | 3077429 |
| analysis of the interlaboratory and intralaboratory reproducibility of the enhancement of simian adenovirus sa7 transformation of syrian hamster embryo cells by model carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic compounds. | the intralaboratory and interlaboratory reproducibility of a dna virus (sa7) transformation enhancement assay was investigated using nine carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic compounds representing a variety of chemical classes. by the use of standardized procedures designed to limit assay variables, replicate assay data were collected in two independent laboratories and analyzed for concurrence. the carcinogens, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, and n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidin ... | 1986 | 3089771 |
| regulation of the acute phase and immune responses in viral disease. enhanced expression of the beta 2-interferon/hepatocyte-stimulating factor/interleukin 6 gene in virus-infected human fibroblasts. | we have defined the expression of the mrna for, and secretion of, ifn-beta 2/hepatocyte-stimulating factor/il-6 (ifn-beta 2/il-6) in human diploid fibroblasts (fs-4 strain) infected with different rna- and dna-containing viruses. rna blot-hybridization analyses carried out 6-8 h after the beginning of infection showed that the rna-containing sendai virus (paramyxoviridae) enhanced ifn-beta 2/il-6 mrna levels 10-fold, followed, in decreasing order, by encephalomyocarditis (emc, picornaviridae), v ... | 1988 | 3133443 |
| expression of hbv surface antigen or hiv envelope protein using recombinant adenovirus vectors. | recombinant adenoviruses were constructed that contained either the hbsag coding sequence or the hiv envelope protein coding sequence. the recombinant adenoviruses can replicate normally in cultured human cells. cells infected with the adenovirus-hbv recombinant secreted hbsag into the tissue culture medium. this hbsag had immunological and physical properties similar to those of the 22-nm particles found in human serum. expression of hiv envelope protein in cells infected with the adenovirus-hi ... | 1988 | 3173369 |
| [identification of type 5 oviadenoviruses in goats in senegal]. | | 1988 | 3194559 |
| serum antibody response to canine parvovirus, canine adenovirus-1, and canine distemper virus in dogs with known status of immunization: study of dogs in sweden. | serum antibody titers to canine parvovirus (cpv), canine adenovirus-1 (cav-1), and canine distemper virus (cdv) were measured in dogs with known immunization status. the dogs represented 3 groups: nonvaccinated dogs less than 12 months old; vaccinated dogs less than 12 months old; and adult dogs greater than 12 months old. for practical reasons, the population from which the specimens were obtained could be considered as free from natural infection with cav-1 and cdv. in nonvaccinated dogs less ... | 1988 | 3223653 |
| [eukaryotic sequence specific dna binding proteins involved in replication and transcription]. | | 1988 | 3241879 |
| adenovirus dna replication in vitro: duplication of single-stranded dna containing a panhandle structure. | adenovirus dna replicates by displacement of one of the parental strands followed by duplication of the displaced parental single strand (complementary strand synthesis). displacement synthesis has been performed in a reconstituted system composed of viral and cellular proteins, employing either the viral dna-terminal protein complex as template or linearized plasmids containing the origin. previously, evidence was obtained that in vivo complementary strand synthesis requires formation of a panh ... | 1988 | 3264727 |
| oncogenes of dna tumor viruses. | | 1988 | 3275498 |
| monoclonal antibodies to canine adenoviruses 1 and 2 that are type-specific by virus neutralization and immunofluorescence. | monoclonal antibodies were produced against the mirandola strain of canine adenovirus type 1 (cav-1) and the manhattan strain of canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2). the monoclonal antibodies were used in vitro in virus neutralization (vn) assays and in indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) tests to examine several strains of each virus type. out of 36 monoclonal antibodies produced against the mirandola strain, 18 were type-specific for cav-1 by ifa and 13 of those neutralized the virus in vitro. th ... | 1988 | 3281371 |
| high-level eucaryotic in vivo expression of biologically active measles virus hemagglutinin by using an adenovirus type 5 helper-free vector system. | the entire measles virus (mv) hemagglutinin (ha)-coding region was reconstructed from cloned cdnas and used as part of a hybrid transcription unit to replace a region of the adenovirus type 5 genome corresponding to the entire e1a transcription unit and most of the e1b transcription unit. the resulting recombinant virus was stable and able to replicate to high titers in 293 cells (which constitutively express the complementary e1a-e1b functions) in the absence of helper virus. during infection o ... | 1988 | 3292790 |
| [transforming and oncogenic properties of the adenovirus genome]. | analysis of data on transforming and oncogenic properties of adenovirus genome has shown that oncogenic properties of the cells transformed by adenoviruses are not determined by the length (to a definite extent) and by the number of copies of integrating parts of the viral dna molecules. there are numerous sites of virus genome integration into the genome of the cell. the e1 region of the viral genome (0 to 11% of the map unit) consists of two transcription units e1a and e1b and plays the leadin ... | 1987 | 3301312 |
| oral administration of an attenuated strain of canine adenovirus (type 2) to raccoons, foxes, skunk, and mongoose. | an attenuated strain of canine adenovirus type-2 (cav-2) was administered orally to 2 foxes (vulpes fulva), 6 raccoons (procyon lotor), a skunk (mephitis mephitis), and a mongoose (herpestus auropunctatus). blood was collected weekly from the animals to monitor cav-2 virus-neutralizing antibody titers. all animals had increases in titers. sera from 8 foxes, 30 mongooses, 52 raccoons, and 22 skunks trapped in the field had naturally occurring antibody to cav-2. | 1988 | 3348527 |
| use of ar+ plasma etching to localize structural proteins in viruses: studies with adenovirus 2. | the experiments described here were undertaken to test the idea that low energy ar+ plasma etching could be employed as the basis of a method to order viral structural polypeptides according to their physical proximity to the virus surface. since low energy (500 ev) ar+ ions do not penetrate deeply into virus surfaces, one expects that the outermost proteins will be damaged before internal ones when intact virions are irradiated. to test this expectation, we exposed adenovirus 2 to a 500-ev ar+ ... | 1988 | 3382003 |
| a fragile site in the human u2 small nuclear rna gene cluster is revealed by adenovirus type 12 infection. | using in situ hybridization, we found that the u2 small nuclear rna gene cluster mapped very close to and was frequently disrupted by the gaps and breaks induced specifically in the human 17q21-q22 region by highly oncogenic adenovirus type 12 (ad12). restriction mapping revealed no structural alterations in the u2 gene locus as a result of ad12 infection. likewise, no ad12-induced alterations in u2 rna levels were detected. we estimate that the maximum size of the region specifically disrupted ... | 1988 | 3386628 |
| a family of human ccaat-box-binding proteins active in transcription and dna replication: cloning and expression of multiple cdnas. | the ctf/nf-i group of cellular dna binding proteins recognizes the sequence gccaat and is implicated in eukaryotic transcription as well as dna replication. molecular analysis of human ctf/nf-i complementary dna clones reveals multiple messenger rna species containing alternative coding regions, apparently as a result of differential splicing. expression and functional analysis establish that individual gene products can bind to gccaat recognition sites and serve both as promoter-selective trans ... | 1988 | 3398920 |
| sensitivity of human neuroblastoma to activated dacarbazine: relationships between cell survival, methyltransferase activity and activation of adenovirus-5. | early passage cultures of neuroblastoma cells were tested for (i) cellular sensitivity to the methylating agent 5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide (mtic); (ii) ability to reactivate mtic-damaged adenovirus (mer+ phenotype); and (iii) methyltransferase activity. seven of eight lines were resistant to mtic. one line had an intermediate level of cellular resistance to mtic, when compared with mer+ and mer- control lines. methyltransferase activity of the neuroblastomas was intermediate ... | 1988 | 3409948 |
| transcription factor otf-1 is functionally identical to the dna replication factor nf-iii. | octamer transcription factor-1 (otf-1) and nuclear factor iii (nf-iii) are sequence-specific dna binding proteins that activate transcription and dna replication, respectively. it is shown here that otf-1 is physically and biologically indistinguishable from nf-iii. this conclusion is based on the following observations. first, the two proteins have identical mobilities by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. second, otf-1 binds to the adenovirus origin of dna replication at the same site and ... | 1988 | 3413485 |
| detection of adenovirus by rapid 24-well plate centrifugation and conventional cell culture with dexamethasone. | two methods for rapid detection of adenovirus were tested: (i) 24-well plate centrifugation followed by staining with a monoclonal antibody after incubation for 24 h and 48 h, and (ii) pretreatment of a549 cells used in conventional cell culture and 24-well plate centrifugation with 10(-5)m dexamethasone. twenty-seven clinical isolates of adenovirus and 12 specimens from which adenovirus had been recovered were included in the analysis. both isolates and specimens had been frozen at -70 degrees ... | 1988 | 3417840 |
| dna sequences required for the initiation of adenovirus type 4 dna replication in vitro. | in-vivo studies have demonstrated that adenovirus type 2 and adenovirus type 4 have different dna sequence requirements for the initiation of dna replication. to investigate the basis of these differences an in-vitro system has been developed which will faithfully initiate adenovirus type 4 dna replication. a plasmid containing 140 base-pairs of the right terminus of adenovirus type 4 supported initiation of dna replication in vitro, provided that the plasmid was linearized in such a way as to l ... | 1988 | 3418700 |
| induced heat shock mrnas escape the nucleocytoplasmic transport block in adenovirus-infected hela cells. | under conditions in which cytoplasmic accumulation of hela cell mrnas has been blocked by adenovirus infection, hsp70 family mrnas are transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm at near normal efficiency subsequent to heat shock. heat shock does not reverse the general virus-induced block to host cell mrna transport. the heat shock mrnas are translated within the cytoplasm of the infected cell but at substantially reduced efficiency compared with that of uninfected cells. thus, the hsp70 fami ... | 1987 | 3437895 |
| trans-activation of a methylated adenovirus promoter by a frog virus 3 protein. | the high degree of methylation of the frog virus 3 (fv3) genome suggests that fv3-infected cells are capable of transcribing highly methylated dna. we tested this hypothesis by assaying the transcriptional activity of adenovirus promoters known to be inhibited by methylation. plasmid constructs containing the e1a and e2ae promoters of adenovirus type 12 linked to the gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase [(cat) ec 2.3.1.28], when methylated and introduced into eukaryotic cells, promoted cat ... | 1986 | 3463992 |
| immunological surveillance against dna-virus-transformed cells: correlations between natural killer cell cytolytic competence and tumor susceptibility of athymic rodents. | adenovirus type 2 (ad2)-transformed hamster and rat cells are susceptible to lysis by natural killer (nk) cells from the host of origin and are nontumorigenic in immunocompetent hamsters and rats, respectively. these nk-cell-susceptible, virus-transformed cells are, however, highly tumorigenic in athymic (nude) mice--animals with intact nk-cell responses. in vitro lysis of these xenogeneic, ad2-transformed cells by nude-mouse nk cells was found to be defective. in contrast, ad2-transformed hamst ... | 1987 | 3495670 |
| the role of sequence-specific dna-binding proteins in adenovirus dna replication. | in prokaryotes it is well established that proteins which recognise defined dna sequences are involved in the control of gene expression and replication. cellular proteins in eukaryotes which may perform a similar function have been identified by their interactions with control regions of the human adenovirus genome. immediately after infection a small region (e1a) at the left end of the adenovirus genome is expressed. proteins coded by the e1a region transcriptionally activate the viral early g ... | 1987 | 3503889 |
| human rna polymerase ii can prematurely terminate transcription of the adenovirus type 2 late transcription unit at a precise site that resembles a prokaryotic termination signal. | premature termination of transcription has been demonstrated by eukaryotic rna polymerase ii at specific sites in the major late transcriptional unit of sv40 and in one of the transcriptional units of the parvovirus, minute virus of mice (mvm) (y. aloni and n. hay, crc critical reviews of biochem., 18:327-383, 1985). in both cases the prematurely terminated (attenuated) rna can be folded into a hairpin structure followed by u-residues that resemble a termination signal in prokaryotes. the experi ... | 1987 | 3508341 |
| adenovirus replication as an in vitro probe for drug sensitivity in human tumors. | the feasibility of using adenovirus 5 as an in vitro probe for chemosensitivity in short-term cultures of human tumors was evaluated using human melanoma cell lines and primary cultures of melanoma biopsies. a convenient immunoperoxidase method was developed for quantitating viral replication 2 days after infection. two different approaches were explored: the host cell reactivation assay (hcr) using drug-treated virus; and the viral capacity assay using drug-treated cells. the hcr assay detected ... | 1986 | 3525182 |
| microbial oncogenesis. | for more than a century, medical investigators have sought to incriminate microorganisms in the cause of cancer. the first scientific evidence of such a relationship came in 1911, with the first successful induction of a tumor using a cell-free extract. since that time, considerable data have accrued linking retroviruses, herpes viruses, the hepatitis b virus, papovaviruses, and adenoviruses to various malignant neoplasms. there is also increasing evidence that certain bacteria and parasites par ... | 1987 | 3541601 |
| mutations in the adenovirus major late promoter: effects on viability and transcription during infection. | we developed an experimental system to examine the effects of mutations in the adenovirus major late promoter in its correct genomic location during a productive infection. a virus was constructed whose genome could be digested to give a rightward terminal dna fragment extending from the xhoi site at 22.9 map units, which can be ligated or recombined with plasmid dna containing adenovirus sequences extending from 0 to 22.9 or 26.5 map units, respectively. mutations were made by bisulfite mutagen ... | 1987 | 3561409 |
| serological relationship between mouse adenovirus strains fl and k87. | three-week-old outbred mice were inoculated intraperitoneally or orally and intranasally with the fl or k87 strains of mouse adenovirus and bled at intervals after infection. serum was tested by both the complement fixation and indirect immunofluorescence tests for reactivity with either virus antigen. a unilateral relationship was detected between fl and k87 strains. serum from mice given the fl strain of virus reacted in both tests with fl and k87 antigens. serum from mice given the k87 strain ... | 1987 | 3586604 |
| translational control mediated by eucaryotic initiation factor-2 is restricted to specific mrnas in transfected cells. | the translational efficiency of mrna molecules transcribed from plasmid dna transfected into cos-1 monkey cells can be increased 10- to 20-fold by the coexpression of the adenovirus virus-associated rnas i and ii. experiments described here demonstrate a similar increase in translational efficiency by the addition of 2-aminopurine, an inhibitor of double-stranded rna-activated protein kinase, to the culture medium. both virus-associated rna and 2-aminopurine presumably exert their effect by alte ... | 1987 | 3600637 |
| cellular promoters incorporated into the adenovirus genome. effect of viral dna replication on endogenous and exogenous gene transcription. | cell-specific utilization of the albumin and immunoglobulin promoters within non-replicating adenovirus genomes has been established. with such viruses plus helper viruses we now consider the impact of infection by replicating viruses on liver-specific gene expression in hepatoma cells and of the effect of replication on the previously established limits of cell-specific expression. we find that replication of any adenovirus, whether or not it contains the albumin promoter, decreases albumin and ... | 1987 | 3612788 |
| purification of adenovirus hexon by high performance liquid chromatography. | hexon is the major structural protein of adenovirus, and has significance in studies of virus structure and function, vaccine development, and immunodiagnosis. we describe a simple, single-step, anion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method for the high yield purification of hexon. purity of the isolated hexon was assessed by sds-page and hplc methods. the isolated hexon was immunologically reactive with anti-hexon monoclonal antibody in a dot-blot assay. it also retained i ... | 1987 | 3680460 |
| three-dimensional structure of the adenovirus major coat protein hexon. | the three-dimensional crystal structure of the adenovirus major coat protein is presented. adenovirus type 2 hexon, at 967 residues, is now the longest polypeptide whose structure has been determined crystallographically. taken with our model for hexon packing, which positions the 240 trimeric hexons in the capsid, the structure defines 60% of the protein within the 150 x 10(6) dalton virion. the assembly provides the first details of a dna-containing animal virus that is 20 times larger than th ... | 1986 | 3704642 |
| chemical enhancement of sa7 virus transformation of hamster embryo cells: evaluation by interlaboratory testing of diverse chemicals. | twelve chemicals from diverse structural classes were tested under code for their capacity to enhance the transformation of syrian hamster embryo cells by simian adenovirus sa7 in two independent laboratories. pretreatment of hamster cells with eight of those chemicals (reserpine, dichlorvos, methapyrilene hydrochloride, benzidine dihydrochloride, diphenylhydantoin, cinnamyl anthranilate, 11-aminoundecanoic acid, and 4,4'-oxydianiline) produced repeatable enhancement of sa7 transformation at two ... | 1986 | 3732194 |
| subtypes of bovine adenovirus type 2 exhibit major differences in region e3. | the genomes of two adenovirus type 2 strains which were isolated from different hosts have been investigated. one of these strains designated ort-111 was originally isolated from a lamb in hungary during an outbreak of pneumoenteritis. this isolate was typed as bovine adenovirus type 2 (ad bos 2) in a neutralization assay. the genome of ort-111 was compared to that of the prototype strain of ad bos 2, a virus which exclusively has been isolated from cattle. electron microscopic heteroduplex anal ... | 1986 | 3739229 |
| genetic analysis of mrna synthesis in adenovirus region e3 at different stages of productive infection by rna-processing mutants. | region e3 of adenovirus encodes about nine overlapping mrnas (a to i) with different spliced structures and with two major rna 3' end sites termed e3a and e3b. synthesis of e3 mrnas was examined by the nuclease-gel procedure at early and late stages of infection by wild-type virus (rec700) and by several e3 deletion mutants. our results, together with those obtained by electron microscopy (l. t. chow, t. r. broker, and j. b. lewis, j. mol. biol. 134:265-303, 1979), suggest that e3 may be differe ... | 1986 | 3747028 |
| nuclear factor iii, a novel sequence-specific dna-binding protein from hela cells stimulating adenovirus dna replication. | dissection and reconstitution of the adenovirus dna replication machinery has led to the discovery of two hela nuclear proteins which are required in conjunction with three viral proteins. one of these, nuclear factor i (nf-i), recognizes an internal region of the origin between nucleotides 25 and 40 and by binding to one side of the helix stimulates the initiation reaction up to 30-fold. nfi-binding sites have been observed upstream of several cellular genes, such as chicken lysozyme, human igm ... | 1986 | 3748145 |
| [characteristics of intranuclear inclusions formed during the reproduction of bovine adenoviruses]. | a cytomorphological method was used to study the reproduction of bovine adenoviruses: ad bos 1 - ad bos 3, belonging to the serological subgroup i, and ad bos 4, ad bos 5, ad bos 7, ad bos 8, belonging to the serological subgroup ii, and those isolated from animal adenoviruses n18 and n3056. cytomorphological method is supposed to be used not only for revealing bovine adenoviruses but also for determining preliminarily their subgroup belonging. | 1986 | 3754069 |
| cross-sensitivity of methylating agents, hydroxyurea, and methotrexate in human tumor cells of the mer- phenotype. | five human tumor cell lines of the mer- phenotype sensitive to killing by the methylating agent 5-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide were sensitive to hydroxyurea (hu) compared with 15 cell lines resistant to methylating agents (mer+ phenotype). in a study using fewer cell lines, mer- cells were also sensitive to methotrexate but not to seven other agents including the antimetabolites 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine and 5-fluorouracil. cells sensitive to hu were designated the hu- ph ... | 1986 | 3756862 |
| analysis of dna repair in xp-hela hybrids; lack of correlation between excision repair of u.v. damage and adenovirus reactivation in an xp(d)-like cell line. | hybrids formed between hela cells and fibroblasts from xeroderma pigmentosum group d show either hela sensitivity or xpd-like hypersensitivity to u.v. radiation and corresponding high or low excision repair capability. hybrids with low repair are presumed to have lost, via chromosome segregation, the hela wild type d alleles. in this paper we analyse the u.v. sensitivity and excision repair capability of another hybrid, hd1a, derived spontaneously from the normally sensitive hybrid hd1. while hd ... | 1986 | 3757174 |
| characterization of a low-molecular-weight virus-associated (va) rna encoded by simian adenovirus type 7 which functionally can substitute for adenovirus type 5 va rnai. | human adenoviruses (ads), like ad type 2 (ad2) and ad5, encode a low-molecular-weight rna (designated virus-associated [va] rnai) which is required for the efficient translation of viral mrnas late after infection. we cloned and characterized a va rna gene from simian adenovirus type 7 (sa7) which appears to have biological activity analogous to that of ad2 va rnai. thus, sa7 va rna stimulates protein synthesis in a transient expression assay and can also functionally substitute for va rnai duri ... | 1986 | 3773054 |
| deletion mutants that alter differential rna processing in the e3 complex transcription unit of adenovirus. | region e3 of the adenovirus encodes about ten overlapping mrnas (a to j) with different splicing patterns and with two rna 3' end sites termed e3a and e3b. we have examined how deletions in 12 viable virus mutants affect differential rna processing in e3. we assayed e3 mrnas by the nuclease-gel and rna blot procedures. some deletions had no effect whereas others (e.g. deletion of a 3' splice or the e3a 3' end signal) had the anticipated effects on rna processing. however, deletions in two region ... | 1986 | 3783712 |
| possible association of mycoplasma and viral respiratory infections with bacterial meningitis. | the presence of viral infection was evaluated in 160 children older than three months with bacterial meningitis who were admitted to children's medical center or parkland memorial hospital, dallas, tx, between october 1979 and march 1982. results were compared with a single serologic specimen in 138 children without meningitis. a recent history of upper respiratory infection was obtained from 60% of patients, including 10/13 with pneumococcal, 9/16 with meningococcal, and 77/131 with haemophilus ... | 1987 | 3812456 |
| effect of the tripartite leader on synthesis of a non-viral protein in an adenovirus 5 recombinant. | the eia region of an adenovirus 5 recombinant has been substituted by a modular gene encoding dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). in this recombinant, the mouse dhfr cdna was positioned behind sequences of the major late promoter and the complete tripartite leader. the leader sequences end in the normal 5' splice site (ss) of the third leader, so that rna splicing joins the tripartite leader to a 3' splice site immediately upstream of the dhfr cdna. at late stages of infection, high levels of dhfr m ... | 1985 | 3839074 |
| translational control by adenovirus: lack of virus-associated rnai during adenovirus infection results in phosphorylation of initiation factor eif-2 and inhibition of protein synthesis. | the dl331 mutant of adenovirus serotype 5 fails to produce virus-associated (va) rnai, and cells infected with this mutant do not synthesize proteins efficiently at late times in infection. the translational defect occurs at the level of polypeptide chain initiation, and cell-free extracts prepared from dl331-infected cells exhibit the defect observed in vivo. addition of either eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eif-2) or guanine nucleotide exchange factor (gef) to these cell-free extracts restore ... | 1985 | 3856874 |
| expression of hepatitis b surface antigen with a recombinant adenovirus. | early region 1 of the adenovirus type 5 genome was replaced with a dna sequence containing the gene coding for the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) flanked by the major late promoter from adenovirus 2 and processing and polyadenylylation signals from simian virus 40. in one type of hybrid virus only the adenovirus 2 major late promoter, including just 33 base pairs of the adenovirus type 2 tripartite leader, preceded the coding region of the hbsag gene. in another, this region was preceded by ... | 1985 | 3865177 |
| should the criteria for species distinction in adenoviruses be reconsidered? evidence from canine adenoviruses 1 and 2. | four strains of canine adenovirus type 1 (cav-1) and two strains of canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2) were examined by restriction enzyme analysis. in all cases, cav-1 could be readily differentiated from cav-2. additionally, monoclonal antibodies were prepared against the mirandola and manhattan strains of cav-1 and cav-2, respectively. 18 of 36 monoclonal antibodies from the cav-1 fusion and 77 of 160 monoclonal antibodies from the cav-2 fusion were type-specific by an indirect fluorescent-anti ... | 1985 | 3884549 |
| [immunoautoradiographic detection of viral antigens in infected cells]. | a simple and highly specific method for detection of virus antigens in infected cells is described. it involves the following stages: cell fixation by acetone, treatment by specific immune serum, and detection of the immune complex by 125i-protein of s. aureus followed by autoradiography. | 1985 | 3899215 |
| action of pennisetum typhoides double-stranded ribonuclease on viral ds rnas. | a ribonuclease that preferentially cleaves natural and synthetic double-stranded (ds) rnas has been partially purified from pennisetum typhoides. the enzyme degrades [3h]poly(ra) x poly(ru) to acid-soluble products. the ds rnase does not degrade rna:dna hybrid but appears to have about 18% activity against single-stranded (ss) rnas under the assay conditions used for the cleavage of ds rnas. the rnase has a molecular weight of 35,000 daltons as determined from gel filtration using sephadex g-200 ... | 1985 | 3910048 |
| splicing in adenovirus and other animal viruses. | splicing provides viruses with great genetic versatility. it is still too early to say whether this versatility is derived from ingeneous mechanisms evolved by necessity by the viruses, or whether the viruses indeed mimic cellular mechanisms. in any event, it is unlikely that cells will provide a single genomic cluster of genes that utilize splicing in such diverse ways as adenovirus, or the other viruses discussed here. and we may speculate that when the full role of splicing in adenovirus gene ... | 1985 | 3924849 |
| inhibition of adenovirus dna replication in vitro by autoimmune sera. | sera from patients suffering from autoimmune diseases were analyzed for the presence of antibodies that inhibit adenovirus dna replication in vitro. dna replication was studied in a reconstituted system containing purified viral proteins (dna binding protein, dna polymerase and the precursor to the terminal protein) and a crude nuclear extract from hela cells. about half the autoimmune sera analyzed inhibited dna replication by more than 50% while only 2 out of 31 control sera showed strong inhi ... | 1986 | 3943534 |
| adenovirus mutants with splice-enhancing mutations in the e3 complex transcription unit are also defective in e3a rna 3'-end formation. | region e3 of adenovirus encodes about 10 overlapping mrnas with different spliced structures. the mrnas are 5' coterminal and form two major 3'-coterminal families termed e3a and e3b. as a group, the mrnas have two 5' splice sites and four or five 3' splice sites. we previously described a novel class of virus mutants with deletions that enhance distant upstream and downstream 5' and 3' splice sites in region e3 (s. l. deutscher, b. m. bhat, m. h. pursley, c. cladaras, and w. s. m. wold, nucleic ... | 1986 | 3951016 |
| adenovirus dna synthesis in vitro is inhibited by the virus-coded major core protein. | the effects of the adenovirus type 2 (ad2) structural proteins on ad dna synthesis in vitro have been examined. both of the viral core proteins, polypeptides v and vii were shown to inhibit ad2 dna synthesis in vitro; however, only the major core protein, polypeptide vii, inhibited dna synthesis at a ratio of protein to dna proportional to the number of polypeptide vii molecules associated with the ad2 dna in the mature virion. in addition, fractions containing the precursor to polypeptide vii, ... | 1986 | 3962184 |
| genotypic characterization of type-2 variants of canine adenovirus. | two canine adenovirus (cav) isolates, apparently distinct from type-1 (utrecht) and type-2 (toronto a26/61) reference strains in their biochemical and/or immunologic properties, were submitted to dna-restriction endonuclease analysis. both isolates, designated iaf-81-2116 and iaf-75-95, appeared as genotypic variants of cav-2. isolate iaf-81-2116 was recovered from the intestine of a young pup with diarrheal disease. seemingly, relatively small changes in the original cav-2 dna sequence allowed ... | 1986 | 3963563 |
| e1a regions of the human adenoviruses and of the highly oncogenic simian adenovirus 7 are closely related. | simian adenovirus 7 (sa7) is a highly oncogenic virus, capable of causing tumors in hamsters upon the direct injection of viral dna. we determined the transcriptional organization of the transforming region and compared it with that of the human adenoviruses. this analysis demonstrated that there are two independently promoted transcription units similar to the e1a and e1b regions of the human adenoviruses. the nucleotide sequence of the sa7 e1a region demonstrated considerable homology with the ... | 1985 | 3968719 |
| in vitro transcription of a cloned vaccinia virus gene by a soluble extract prepared from vaccinia virus-infected hela cells. | faithful transcription of a vaccinia virus gene was accomplished in vitro by using a soluble extract prepared from vaccinia virus-infected hela cells. specific transcription of the cloned vaccinia virus gene was detected by using template dna restricted within the transcribed region. the vaccinia virus gene was not transcribed by extracts prepared from uninfected hela cells even with supplementation by purified vaccinia virus rna polymerase, nor was a clone of adenovirus 2 dna bearing the major ... | 1985 | 3973967 |
| a thermolabile mutant of adenovirus 5 resulting from a substitution mutation in the protein viii gene. | the mutant adenoviruses h5sub304 and h5rir were isolated sequentially from adenovirus 5 wild type by selection for the loss of ecori restriction endonuclease sites by jones and shenk (cell 13:181-188, 1978). sub304 lacks the site at 84.0 map units (m.u.), and rir lacks both that and the site at 75.9 m.u. a set of derivatives of rir that lack the site at 75.9 m.u. accumulated virus more slowly at 38.8 or 39.5 degrees c than those with the site present, as measured by low-multiplicity passage or s ... | 1985 | 3973969 |
| immortalization of rat embryo fibroblasts by an adenovirus 2 mutant expressing a single functional e1a protein. | expression of the adenovirus e1a and e1b genes is required for transformation of nonpermissive rodent cells. differential splicing of the e1a precursor rna molecules results in the production of two early mrnas, 13s and 12s, which encode a 289-amino-acid-residue (289r) and 243r protein, respectively. previously we constructed a mutant virus, dl231, which can only produce normal 289r protein from the e1a gene. in this report we demonstrate that dl231 induced focal transformation of primary rat em ... | 1985 | 3989909 |
| construction of nondefective adenovirus type 5 bearing a 2.8-kilobase hepatitis b virus dna near the right end of its genome. | a novel helper-free adenovirus type 5 (ad5) vector system, which utilizes a cloning site 0.2 kilobase (kb) from the right end of the genome, has been developed. to construct a nondefective ad5 bearing the 2.8-kb dna fragment of hepatitis b virus (hbv) at this site, we deleted the 2.1-kb nonessential e3 fragment from cloned dna covering the right one-fourth of the ad5 genome (76 to 100 map units), inserted the hbv dna into this site, ligated the recombinant dna to the rest of the ad5 genome, and ... | 1985 | 3999192 |
| serologic classification of two ovine adenovirus isolates from the central united states. | two ovine adenovirus (oav) strains (rts-42 and rts-151), isolated from lambs in the central united states, were compared using 2-way cross-neutralization tests with the 6 recognized oav species, 9 bovine adenovirus species, and 4 porcine species. virus rts-42 was identified as oav type 5, confirming previous results. virus rts-151 was identified as oav type 6, although the serologic crossing was largely one-sided. | 1985 | 4014845 |
| abrogation of cell surface expression of human class i transplantation antigens by an adenovirus protein in xenopus laevis oocytes. | class i transplantation antigens form complexes with a virus protein encoded in the early region e3 of the adenovirus-2 genome. the interaction between this viral glycoprotein, e19, and nascent human class i antigens has been examined by microinjecting purified mrna into xenopus laevis oocytes. both e19 and the two class i antigen subunits, the heavy chain and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), were efficiently translated. the heavy chains did not become terminally glycosylated, as monitored by end ... | 1985 | 4019582 |
| prosomes are involved in the repression of viral mrna. | prosomes are small cytoplasmic rnp complexes. we present evidence that their rna is a potential and selective inhibitor of viral mrna translation while translation of normal cellular mrna e.g. rabbit globin mrna or hela cell mrna is not affected. | 1985 | 4024706 |
| chemical enhancement of sa7 virus transformation of hamster embryo cells: interlaboratory testing of diverse chemicals. | | 1985 | 4053087 |
| species classification problems in virus taxonomy. | although the species is the fundamental unit of taxonomy, virologists only recently have begun to classify virus species in a systematic way under the leadership of the international committee on taxonomy of viruses. progress has been slow and uneven for several reasons: (i) attempts to sort species are hampered even when the distinction between classification and nomenclature is blurred. classifying is based on observation and involves deductive reasoning, whereas naming can be as arbitrary as ... | 1985 | 4055308 |
| origin of adenovirus dna replication. role of the nuclear factor i binding site in vivo. | an assay is described that detects in vivo a single round of initiation and dna synthesis directed by a linear molecule containing an exposed single copy of an adenovirus (ad) origin of replication. this and a previously described assay, which measures multiple rounds of dna replication, were used to identify dna sequences within the ad2 and ad4 origins of replication that are important for ori function. linear dna molecules containing sequences from the ad2 or ad4 genome termini were cotransfec ... | 1985 | 4078897 |
| rapid detection and identification of respiratory viruses by direct immunofluorescence. | the use of fluorescein-conjugated antiserum against respiratory syncytial (rs) and parainfluenza 1 and 3 viruses was compared with conventional techniques in the rapid detection of virus in tissue cultures inoculated with pharyngeal specimens known to contain these viruses. twenty-three specimens were tested: 9 rs, 8 parainfluenza 1, and 6 parainfluenza 3. the fluorescent-antibody technique (fa) detected virus in 52% of the tissue cultures in 24 hr, and, by 72 hr, 22 of the 23 cultures were fa-p ... | 1970 | 4098101 |
| electron microscopy of dna from adeno-associated virus type i. | | 1971 | 4101807 |
| respiratory syncytial and other viruses associated with respiratory disease in infants. | | 1971 | 4102024 |
| inactivation of influenza and other viruses by a mixture of virucidal compounds. | a mixture of benzalkonium chloride, triton x100, and citric acid (resiguard f) had a marked virucidal effect on lipid-containing deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acid viruses, such as vaccinia virus, herpesvirus, and influenza virus. adenoviruses and picornaviruses were more resistant to inactivation. electron microscopy showed that influenza particles became aggregated in the presence of resiguard f and that the outer fringe of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase spikes seen in control virus prepar ... | 1971 | 4102573 |
| chromosome, transplantation and tumour antigen studies of three virus-induced tumour cell lines. | | 1971 | 4103492 |